JP3737846B2 - Glow plug - Google Patents

Glow plug

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Publication number
JP3737846B2
JP3737846B2 JP35334095A JP35334095A JP3737846B2 JP 3737846 B2 JP3737846 B2 JP 3737846B2 JP 35334095 A JP35334095 A JP 35334095A JP 35334095 A JP35334095 A JP 35334095A JP 3737846 B2 JP3737846 B2 JP 3737846B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
outer cylinder
ceramic
heater
heating element
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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JP35334095A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH09184625A (en
Inventor
恒夫 伊藤
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はセラミックヒータを用いたグロープラグに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、ディーゼルエンジン等の始動促進に使用されるグロープラグとして、例えば図8(a)に示すように、金属製の外筒101の先端にセラミックヒータ102を保持させたものが知られている。セラミックヒータ102は、例えば棒状の絶縁性セラミック基体103の先端部に、導電性セラミックスにより形成されたU字形のセラミック発熱体104を埋設し、その両端に接続された電極部105を介して通電することによりこれを抵抗発熱させるものとして構成される。ここで、電極部105は、その先端部をセラミック発熱体104の各端部内に埋設することによりこれに接続される。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述のようなグロープラグ100においては、セラミックヒータ102に対する通電やエンジン燃焼時の被熱・冷却の繰返しにより外筒101の膨張/収縮が起こり、セラミックヒータ102に圧縮応力が繰返し付加される。この圧縮応力は、セラミック発熱体104の発熱やエンジンからの被熱を受けやすい外筒101の先端部分101aで特に大きくなりやすい傾向にある。ところで、この先端部分101a内には、電極部105が埋設されたセラミック発熱体104の先端部104aが位置しているが、図8(b)に示すように、電極部105とセラミック発熱体104との界面には、両部の熱膨張率の差に基づき、例えば焼成後の冷却時等において隙間105a等の微小な欠陥が形成されていることがある。このような部分に外筒101の膨張/収縮に基づく圧縮応力が繰返し作用すると、上記欠陥を起点としてセラミック発熱体104にクラック等が発生することも考えられ、ひいては発熱体104の寿命を縮めることにもつながる。
【0004】
本発明の課題は、セラミック発熱体の耐久性に優れたグロープラグを提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段及び作用・効果】
本発明は、外筒内にセラミックヒータを、その先端部が該外筒の端面から突出するように配置した構造を有するグロープラグに係り、上述の課題を解決するために下記の特徴を有する。すなわち、該セラミックヒータは、セラミック基体と、外筒から突出するヒータ先端部においてそのセラミック基体に埋設され、自身の両端部にそれぞれ一端が埋設される電極部を介して通電されることにより抵抗発熱するセラミック発熱体とを備える。セラミック発熱体は、一方の基端部から延びて方向変換した後、他方の基端部へ至る方向変換部と、その方向変換部の各基端部から同方向に延びるとともに、その方向変換部よりも大きい断面積を有する2本の直線部とを備え、その方向変換部がヒータ先端部側を向くように配置される。また、方向変換部よりも大きい断面積を有する2本の直線部は、それぞれ後端側が外筒の内部に位置する一方、前端側が外筒の端面よりも前方側に延出する形で配置され、電極部は、該直線部の後端部に埋設されたその先端が、外筒の端面よりも該外筒側に入り込むように配置されてなる。
【0006】
すなわち、セラミック発熱体に埋設された電極部の先端を、外筒の端面よりも該外筒側に入り込むように配置すれば、電極部とセラミック発熱体との界面部分が、セラミックヒータの通電発熱やエンジンからの被熱により膨張/収縮しやすい外筒の端面近傍部から外れて位置することとなり、上記膨張/収縮に伴う外筒からの圧縮応力が該界面部分に作用しにくくなるので、セラミック発熱体にクラック等が発生することが効果的に防止ないし抑制される。ここで、電極部の先端を外筒の端面よりも内側へ位置させるためには、セラミック発熱体の直線部をやや長く形成する必要がある。ここで、セラミック発熱体の軸方向断面がどの部分も均一に形成されている場合、特にエンジンブロック内での着火性能を支配する先端部分での発熱効率が不十分となる場合がある。しかしながら本発明のグロープラグのセラミック発熱体は、方向変換部が直線部よりも小さい断面積を有するように形成されているので、セラミックヒータを、その先端部分において効率よく発熱させることができ、ひいては上述のような問題が生ずる心配も少ない。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に示す実施例を参照しつつ説明する。
図1は、本発明に係るグロープラグを、その内部構造とともに示すものである。すなわち、グロープラグ50は、その一端側に設けられたセラミックヒータ1と、セラミックヒータ1の先端部2が突出するようにその外周面を覆う金属製の外筒3、さらにその外筒3を外側から覆う筒状の金属ハウジング4等を備えており、セラミックヒータ1と外筒3との間及び外筒3と金属ハウジング4との間は、それぞれろう付けにより接合されている。また、セラミックヒータ1の後端部には、金属線により両端が弦巻ばね状に形成された結合部材5の一端が外側から嵌合するとともに、その他端側は、金属ハウジング4内に挿通された金属軸6の一方の端部に嵌着されている。そして、金属軸6の他方の端部側は金属ハウジング4の外側へ延びるとともに、その外周面に形成されたねじ部6aにナット7が螺合し、これを金属ハウジング4に向けて締めつけることにより、金属軸6が金属ハウジング4に対して固定されている。また、ナット7と金属ハウジング4との間には絶縁ブッシュ8が嵌め込まれている。そして、金属ハウジング4の外周面には、図示しないエンジンブロックにグロープラグ50を固定するためのねじ部5aが形成されている。
【0008】
セラミックヒータ1は、図2に示すように、一方の基端部から延びた後方向変換して他方の基端部へ至る方向変換部10aと、その方向変換部10aの各基端部から同方向に延びる2本の直線部10bとを有するU字状のセラミック発熱体10を備え、その各両端部に線状又はロッド状の電極部11及び12の先端部が埋設される。そのセラミック発熱体10は、セラミックヒータ1の先端部2において、ほぼ円形の断面を有するセラミック基体13中に、その方向変換部10aがヒータ1の先端側を向くように埋設されている。
【0009】
また、各電極部11及び12は、セラミック基体13中においてセラミック発熱体10から離間する方向に延びるとともに、その一方のもの(12)は外筒3内において、他方のもの(11)はセラミック基体13の他方の端部近傍において、それぞれその後端部がセラミック基体13の表面に露出して、露出部12a及び11aを形成している。
【0010】
セラミック発熱体10は、導電性を有するセラミックス、例えば炭化タングステン(WC)、硅化モリブデン(Mo2Si3)、炭化タングステンと窒化硅素(Si34)との複合物等により構成されるが、炭化硅素(SiC)など半導体セラミックスを使用することもできる。また、電極部11及び12はタングステン(W)あるいはタングステン−レニウム(Re)合金等の高融点金属材料で構成される。一方、セラミック基体13は、主に絶縁性のセラミックス、例えばアルミナ(Al23)、シリカ(SiO2)、ジルコニア(ZrO2)、チタニア(TiO2)、マグネシア(MgO)、ムライト(3Al23・2SiO2)、ジルコン(ZrO2・SiO2)、コージェライト(2MgO・2Al23・5SiO2)、窒化硅素(Si34)、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)等により構成される。
【0011】
図2において、セラミック基体13の表面には、その電極部12の露出部12aを含む領域に、ニッケル等の金属薄層(図示せず)が所定の方法(例えばメッキや気相製膜法など)により形成され、該金属薄層を介してセラミック基体13と外筒3とがろう付けにより接合されるとともに、電極部12がその接合部を介して外筒3と導通している。また、電極部11の露出部11aを含む領域にも同様に金属薄層が形成されており、ここに結合部材5がろう付けされている。このように構成することで、図示しない電源から、金属軸6(図1)、結合部材5及び電極部11を介してセラミック発熱体10に対して通電され、さらに電極部12、外筒3、金属ハウジング4(図1)、及び図示しないエンジンブロックを介して接地される。この通電により、セラミック発熱体10は抵抗発熱することとなる。
【0012】
ここで、図3に示すように、電極部11及び12の各先端11b及び12bを、外筒3の端面3aよりも該外筒3側に入り込むように配置することで、電極部11及び12とセラミック発熱体10との界面部分Pが、セラミックヒータの通電発熱やエンジンからの被熱により膨張/収縮しやすい外筒3の端面近傍部から外れて位置することとなり、上記膨張/収縮に伴う外筒3からの圧縮応力が、該界面部分Pに作用しにくくなる。その結果、該界面部分Pの近傍においてセラミック発熱体10にクラック等が発生することが防止ないし抑制される。ここで、上記効果をより確実に達成するために、電極部11及び12の各先端11b及び12bから外筒3の端面3aまでの距離lを2mm以上、より望ましくは3mm以上に設定するのがよい。一方、距離lが10mmを超過した場合、セラミック発熱体10の外筒3内に存在する部分の長さが大きくなり過ぎて、外筒3とセラミックヒータ1とを接合しているろう材が、発熱体10からの発熱を過度に受けて溶融・流出する等の問題が生じうる。それ故、距離lは10mm以下に設定することが望ましい。
【0013】
また、セラミックヒータ1の先端部2における発熱効率を高めるために、セラミック発熱体10の方向変換部10aの断面積が直線部10bの断面積よりも小さく設定されている。ここで、直線部10bの断面積が方向変換部10aに向けて段階的に小さくなるように、その側面部を図4に示すような段付き面10cとしたり、あるいは方向変換部10a側が縮径するテーパ面とすることができる。
【0014】
セラミックヒータ1は、例えば下記のような方法により製造することができる。まず、図5(a)に示すように、セラミック発熱体10に対応したU字形状のキャビティ32を有した金型31に対し電極材30を、その端部が該キャビティ32内に入り込むように配置する。そして、その状態で、導電性セラミック粉末とバインダとを含有するコンパウンド33を射出することにより、同図(b)に示すように、電極材30とU字状の導電性セラミック粉末成形部34とが一体化された一体射出成形体35を作成する。
【0015】
一方これとは別に、セラミック基体13を形成するセラミック粉末を予め金型プレス成形することにより、図6(a)に示すような、上下別体に形成された予備成形体36及び37を用意しておく。これら予備成形体36及び37は、セラミック基体13を、その軸線とほぼ平行な断面により2分割したと仮定した場合の、その各分割部に対応する形状に形成されており、各々その分割面に相当する部分に、上記一体射出成形体35に対応した形状の凹部38が形成されている。そして、この凹部38に一体射出成形体35を収容し、上下の予備成形体36及び37を型合わせするとともに、その状態でこれら予備成形体36、37及び一体射出成形体35をさらに金型を用いてプレス・一体化することにより、図6(b)に示すような、複合成形体39を作成する。
【0016】
こうして得られた複合成形体39は、まず射出成形による導電性セラミック粉末成形部34あるいは予備成形体36及び37からバインダ成分等を除去するために仮焼され、続いて図7(a)に示すように、金型40の間で加圧しながら所定の温度でホットプレス焼成を行うことにより、同図(b)に示すような焼成体41となる。このとき、図6(b)に示す導電性セラミック粉末成形部34がセラミック発熱体10を、予備成形体36及び37がセラミック基体13を、電極材30が電極部11及び12をそれぞれ形成することとなる。その後、焼成体41の外面に、必要に応じて研磨等の加工を施すことにより、図2に示すようなセラミックヒータ1が得られる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のグロープラグの一例を示す正面部分断面図。
【図2】そのセラミックヒータの正面断面図。
【図3】セラミック発熱体と外筒との位置関係を示す正面部分断面図。
【図4】セラミック発熱体の変形例を示す平面図。
【図5】セラミックヒータの製造工程説明図。
【図6】図5に続く工程説明図。
【図7】図6に続く工程説明図。
【図8】従来のグロープラグのセラミックヒータの構造を示す模式図。
【符号の説明】
1 セラミックヒータ
3 外筒
3a 端面
10 セラミック発熱体
10a 方向変換部
10b 直線部
11、12 電極部
11b、12b 先端
13 セラミック基体
50 グロープラグ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a glow plug using a ceramic heater.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a glow plug used for promoting start-up of a diesel engine or the like, for example, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), a ceramic heater 102 held at the tip of a metal outer cylinder 101 is known. The ceramic heater 102, for example, embeds a U-shaped ceramic heating element 104 formed of conductive ceramics at the tip of a rod-shaped insulating ceramic base 103 and energizes through electrode portions 105 connected to both ends thereof. This is configured to generate resistance heat. Here, the electrode portion 105 is connected to the tip portion of the electrode portion 105 by being embedded in each end portion of the ceramic heating element 104.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the glow plug 100 as described above, expansion / contraction of the outer cylinder 101 occurs due to repeated energization of the ceramic heater 102 and heat and cooling during engine combustion, and compressive stress is repeatedly applied to the ceramic heater 102. This compressive stress tends to be particularly large at the distal end portion 101a of the outer cylinder 101 that is susceptible to heat generated by the ceramic heating element 104 and heat from the engine. By the way, the tip portion 104a of the ceramic heating element 104 in which the electrode portion 105 is embedded is located in the tip portion 101a. However, as shown in FIG. 8B, the electrode portion 105 and the ceramic heating element 104 are disposed. Based on the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the two parts, for example, a minute defect such as a gap 105a may be formed at the time of cooling after firing. If a compressive stress based on the expansion / contraction of the outer cylinder 101 repeatedly acts on such a portion, cracks and the like may occur in the ceramic heating element 104 starting from the above-described defects, and thus the life of the heating element 104 is shortened. It also leads to.
[0004]
The subject of this invention is providing the glow plug excellent in durability of a ceramic heat generating body.
[0005]
[Means for solving the problems and actions / effects]
The present invention relates to a glow plug having a structure in which a ceramic heater is disposed in an outer cylinder so that a tip portion thereof protrudes from an end surface of the outer cylinder, and has the following features in order to solve the above-described problems. That is, the ceramic heater is heated by resistance through the ceramic base and a heater tip projecting from the outer cylinder, which is embedded in the ceramic base and energized through the electrode portions in which one end is embedded in both ends of the ceramic base. A ceramic heating element. The ceramic heating element extends from one base end portion, changes direction, and then extends to the other base end portion, and extends in the same direction from each base end portion of the direction changing portion, and the direction changing portion. And two linear portions having a larger cross-sectional area, and the direction changing portion is disposed so as to face the heater tip portion side. In addition, the two linear portions having a cross-sectional area larger than that of the direction changing portion are arranged such that the rear end side is located inside the outer cylinder, while the front end side extends forward from the end surface of the outer cylinder. The electrode portion is arranged so that the tip embedded in the rear end portion of the linear portion enters the outer cylinder side from the end surface of the outer cylinder.
[0006]
In other words, if the tip of the electrode part embedded in the ceramic heating element is arranged so as to enter the outer cylinder side from the end face of the outer cylinder, the interface part between the electrode part and the ceramic heating element will be energized and heated by the ceramic heater. Since it is located away from the vicinity of the end face of the outer cylinder that is easily expanded / contracted due to heat from the engine or the engine, the compressive stress from the outer cylinder due to the expansion / contraction is less likely to act on the interface portion. The generation of cracks and the like in the heating element is effectively prevented or suppressed. Here, in order to position the tip of the electrode portion inward from the end surface of the outer cylinder, it is necessary to form the straight portion of the ceramic heating element slightly longer. Here, when any portion of the ceramic heating element has a uniform axial cross section, the heat generation efficiency at the tip portion that governs the ignition performance in the engine block may be insufficient. However, since the ceramic heating element of the glow plug of the present invention is formed so that the direction changing portion has a smaller cross-sectional area than the straight portion, the ceramic heater can efficiently generate heat at the tip portion, and thus There is little worry that the above problems will occur.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to examples shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a glow plug according to the present invention together with its internal structure. That is, the glow plug 50 includes a ceramic heater 1 provided at one end thereof, a metal outer cylinder 3 that covers the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic heater 1 so that the tip 2 of the ceramic heater 1 protrudes, and the outer cylinder 3 outside. A cylindrical metal housing 4 and the like that are covered from the outside are provided, and the ceramic heater 1 and the outer cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 3 and the metal housing 4 are joined by brazing, respectively. In addition, one end of a coupling member 5 whose both ends are formed in a coiled spring shape by a metal wire is fitted from the outside to the rear end portion of the ceramic heater 1, and the other end side is inserted into the metal housing 4. The metal shaft 6 is fitted on one end. The other end side of the metal shaft 6 extends to the outside of the metal housing 4, and a nut 7 is screwed into a screw portion 6 a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the metal shaft 6, and is tightened toward the metal housing 4. The metal shaft 6 is fixed to the metal housing 4. An insulating bush 8 is fitted between the nut 7 and the metal housing 4. A screw portion 5 a for fixing the glow plug 50 to an engine block (not shown) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the metal housing 4.
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 2, the ceramic heater 1 includes a direction changing portion 10a extending from one base end portion and changing to the other base end portion, and the base end portion of the direction changing portion 10a. A U-shaped ceramic heating element 10 having two linear portions 10b extending in the direction is provided, and tip portions of linear or rod-like electrode portions 11 and 12 are embedded at both ends thereof. The ceramic heating element 10 is embedded in the ceramic base 13 having a substantially circular cross section at the front end portion 2 of the ceramic heater 1 so that the direction changing portion 10 a faces the front end side of the heater 1.
[0009]
Each of the electrode portions 11 and 12 extends in a direction away from the ceramic heating element 10 in the ceramic base 13, and one of the electrodes (12) is in the outer cylinder 3 and the other (11) is the ceramic base. In the vicinity of the other end of 13, the rear ends thereof are exposed on the surface of the ceramic base 13, thereby forming exposed portions 12 a and 11 a.
[0010]
The ceramic heating element 10 is composed of conductive ceramics such as tungsten carbide (WC), molybdenum silicide (Mo 2 Si 3 ), a composite of tungsten carbide and silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), etc. Semiconductor ceramics such as silicon carbide (SiC) can also be used. The electrode portions 11 and 12 are made of a refractory metal material such as tungsten (W) or tungsten-rhenium (Re) alloy. On the other hand, the ceramic substrate 13 is mainly made of insulating ceramics such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), silica (SiO 2 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), titania (TiO 2 ), magnesia (MgO), mullite (3Al 2 ). O 3 · 2SiO 2 ), zircon (ZrO 2 · SiO 2 ), cordierite (2MgO · 2Al 2 O 3 · 5SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), aluminum nitride (AlN), and the like.
[0011]
In FIG. 2, a thin metal layer (not shown) such as nickel is formed on the surface of the ceramic substrate 13 in a region including the exposed portion 12a of the electrode portion 12 by a predetermined method (for example, plating or vapor deposition method). The ceramic base 13 and the outer cylinder 3 are joined by brazing via the thin metal layer, and the electrode portion 12 is electrically connected to the outer cylinder 3 via the joint. Similarly, a thin metal layer is formed in a region including the exposed portion 11a of the electrode portion 11, and the coupling member 5 is brazed thereto. By comprising in this way, it supplies with electricity to the ceramic heat generating body 10 via the metal shaft 6 (FIG. 1), the coupling member 5, and the electrode part 11 from the power supply which is not shown in figure, Furthermore, the electrode part 12, the outer cylinder 3, It is grounded through the metal housing 4 (FIG. 1) and an engine block (not shown). By this energization, the ceramic heating element 10 generates resistance heat.
[0012]
Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the tips 11 b and 12 b of the electrode parts 11 and 12 are arranged so as to enter the outer cylinder 3 side rather than the end surface 3 a of the outer cylinder 3, whereby the electrode parts 11 and 12. The interface portion P between the ceramic heating element 10 and the ceramic heating element 10 is located away from the vicinity of the end face of the outer cylinder 3 that is easily expanded / contracted due to the heat generated by the ceramic heater or the heat from the engine. The compressive stress from the outer cylinder 3 is less likely to act on the interface portion P. As a result, the occurrence of cracks or the like in the ceramic heating element 10 in the vicinity of the interface portion P is prevented or suppressed. Here, in order to achieve the above-described effect more reliably, the distance l from each of the tips 11b and 12b of the electrode portions 11 and 12 to the end surface 3a of the outer cylinder 3 is set to 2 mm or more, more desirably 3 mm or more. Good. On the other hand, when the distance l exceeds 10 mm, the length of the portion existing in the outer cylinder 3 of the ceramic heating element 10 becomes too large, and the brazing material joining the outer cylinder 3 and the ceramic heater 1 becomes Problems such as melting and outflow due to excessive heat generation from the heating element 10 may occur. Therefore, it is desirable to set the distance l to 10 mm or less.
[0013]
Further, in order to increase the heat generation efficiency at the tip portion 2 of the ceramic heater 1, the cross-sectional area of the direction changing portion 10a of the ceramic heating element 10 is set smaller than the cross-sectional area of the straight portion 10b. Here, the side surface portion is a stepped surface 10c as shown in FIG. 4 so that the cross-sectional area of the straight portion 10b gradually decreases toward the direction changing portion 10a, or the direction changing portion 10a side is reduced in diameter. It can be set as a taper surface.
[0014]
The ceramic heater 1 can be manufactured, for example, by the following method. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the electrode material 30 is inserted into the mold 31 having the U-shaped cavity 32 corresponding to the ceramic heating element 10 so that the end portion enters the cavity 32. Deploy. Then, in this state, by injecting a compound 33 containing conductive ceramic powder and a binder, as shown in FIG. 5B, the electrode material 30 and the U-shaped conductive ceramic powder molding portion 34 Is formed into an integrated injection-molded body 35.
[0015]
On the other hand, separately from this, by pre-molding the ceramic powder forming the ceramic base 13 by die press molding, pre-formed bodies 36 and 37 formed as separate upper and lower bodies as shown in FIG. Keep it. These pre-formed bodies 36 and 37 are formed in a shape corresponding to each divided portion when the ceramic base 13 is assumed to be divided into two by a cross section substantially parallel to the axis thereof, A concave portion 38 having a shape corresponding to the integral injection molded body 35 is formed in a corresponding portion. Then, the integral injection molded body 35 is accommodated in the concave portion 38, and the upper and lower preformed bodies 36 and 37 are mold-matched. In this state, the preformed bodies 36 and 37 and the integral injection molded body 35 are further molded. By using and pressing and integrating, a composite molded body 39 as shown in FIG. 6B is created.
[0016]
The composite molded body 39 thus obtained is first calcined in order to remove the binder component and the like from the conductive ceramic powder molded portion 34 or the preformed bodies 36 and 37 by injection molding, and subsequently shown in FIG. 7 (a). Thus, by performing hot press firing at a predetermined temperature while pressing between the molds 40, a fired body 41 as shown in FIG. At this time, the conductive ceramic powder molding portion 34 shown in FIG. 6B forms the ceramic heating element 10, the preforms 36 and 37 form the ceramic base 13, and the electrode material 30 forms the electrode portions 11 and 12, respectively. It becomes. Then, the ceramic heater 1 as shown in FIG. 2 is obtained by processing the outer surface of the fired body 41 as necessary, such as polishing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial front sectional view showing an example of a glow plug of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of the ceramic heater.
FIG. 3 is a partial front sectional view showing a positional relationship between a ceramic heating element and an outer cylinder.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a modification of the ceramic heating element.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a manufacturing process of a ceramic heater.
6 is a process explanatory diagram following FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a process explanatory diagram following FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional glow plug ceramic heater.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ceramic heater 3 Outer cylinder 3a End surface 10 Ceramic heating element 10a Direction change part 10b Straight line part 11, 12 Electrode part 11b, 12b Tip 13 Ceramic base body 50 Glow plug

Claims (1)

外筒内にセラミックヒータを、そのヒータ先端部が該外筒の端面から突出するように配置した構造を有するグロープラグであって、前記セラミックヒータは、セラミック基体と、前記外筒から突出するヒータ先端部においてそのセラミック基体に埋設され、自身の両端部にそれぞれ一端が埋設される電極部を介して通電されることにより抵抗発熱するセラミック発熱体とを備え、前記セラミック発熱体は、一方の基端部から延びて方向変換した後、他方の基端部へ至る方向変換部と、その方向変換部の各基端部から同方向に延びるとともに前記方向変換部よりも大きい断面積を有する2本の直線部とを備え、その方向変換部が前記ヒータ先端部側を向くように配置されるとともに
前記方向変換部よりも大きい断面積を有する2本の直線部は、それぞれ後端側が前記外筒の内部に位置する一方、前端側が前記外筒の端面よりも前方側に延出する形で配置され、前記電極部は、前記直線部の後端部に埋設されたその先端が、前記外筒の端面よりも該外筒側に入り込むように配置されてなることを特徴とするグロープラグ。
A glow plug having a structure in which a ceramic heater is disposed in an outer cylinder so that the heater tip projects from an end surface of the outer cylinder, the ceramic heater comprising a ceramic base and a heater projecting from the outer cylinder A ceramic heating element that is embedded in the ceramic base at the distal end and that generates resistance by being energized through electrodes that are respectively embedded at both ends of the ceramic base. Two direction change parts extending from the end part to change the direction and then reaching the other base end part, and extending in the same direction from each base end part of the direction change part and having a larger cross-sectional area than the direction change part And is arranged so that the direction changing part faces the heater tip part side ,
The two linear portions having a larger cross-sectional area than the direction changing portion are arranged in such a manner that the rear end side is located inside the outer cylinder, while the front end side extends forward from the end surface of the outer cylinder. The glow plug is characterized in that the tip of the electrode portion embedded in the rear end portion of the linear portion is disposed so as to enter the outer cylinder side with respect to the end surface of the outer cylinder .
JP35334095A 1995-12-29 1995-12-29 Glow plug Expired - Lifetime JP3737846B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP35334095A JP3737846B2 (en) 1995-12-29 1995-12-29 Glow plug

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP35334095A JP3737846B2 (en) 1995-12-29 1995-12-29 Glow plug

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09184625A JPH09184625A (en) 1997-07-15
JP3737846B2 true JP3737846B2 (en) 2006-01-25

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP35334095A Expired - Lifetime JP3737846B2 (en) 1995-12-29 1995-12-29 Glow plug

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3737846B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3908864B2 (en) * 1998-09-11 2007-04-25 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Ceramic heater
DE19930334C2 (en) * 1999-07-02 2003-07-31 Beru Ag Ceramic heating element and glow plug containing the same and method for its production

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