JP3735342B2 - Equipment for manufacturing bonded structures by friction stir - Google Patents

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、たとえば長手方向に延びる板又は型材、ドームと円筒体、鏡板と円筒体、筒体同士のように、複数本の部材を摩擦攪拌接合させて鉄道車両構体、船舶構体、建物構体、航空機及びロケット構体、圧力容器等の大型構造物の製造にもちいる、摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、鉄道車両、船舶の大型構造物に用いられ、長手方向に延在する長尺な中空型材等の二面構造体（パネル）は押し出し成形材を複数平行に配設したものを突き合わせ接合して構成されてなり、このような押し出し型材同士を接合する際、又航空機の頭部やロケットはドームと円筒体若しくは筒体同士を接合する際、更には圧力容器の鏡板と筒部を接合する際には、たとえば、ＭＩＧ溶接等を用いて突き合わせ接合部を溶融溶接にて接合部を形成する。しかしながら溶融溶接で接合する方法では熱歪み等の問題が生じる。
【０００３】
一方、特表平７−５０５０９０号公報（特許文献１）には、摩擦攪拌接合による部材同士の接合が記載されており、加工物より実質的に硬い材質からなる回転工具を加工物の接合部に挿入し、回転工具を回転させながら移動することにより、回転工具と加工物との間に生じる摩擦熱による塑性流動によって加工物を接合する接合方法が開示されている。
【０００４】
次に摩擦撹拌接合に使用される回転工具について説明する。摩擦撹拌接合は前記特許文献１に開示されているように、プローブ型とボビンツール型の回転工具が存在する。プローブ型工具は、ショルダ部とこのショルダ部に備えられたプローブとを備えており、このショルダ部は円形ショルダ面を有している。そして、複数の型材を突き合わせ、若しくは嵌合された状態の接合線上面より、前記回転工具を回転させて、プローブを被加工物の接合線に設けた孔に侵入させるとともに、被加工物の接合線上で摺接回転する円形ショルダ面によって被加工物に摩擦熱が付与されるとともに、プローブ周囲が塑性流動化し、この状態で回転工具を接合線に沿って移動させることにより、接合線周囲が塑性流動化しながら接合線に沿って２つの素材が圧力を受けながら撹拌混練され、プローブの後方側に移行する。この結果塑性流動した素材は後方側で摩擦熱を失って急速に冷却固化するので両パネル板は素材同士が混じり合って完全に一体化した状態で接合される。
またプローブに回転方向に対する逆ネジを設けることにより下向きの塑性流動が出来、裏面側に巣や融合不良のような欠陥の発生防止が出来る。
【０００５】
しかしながらかかる接合方法では接合時に摩擦熱を発生させるために、回転工具を接合線側に押しつける必要があり、従ってこの反力に対処するために、裏当金が使用されている。この裏当金は被加工物の面板の裏面に密着させて設置するものであり、大きな加圧力を必要とする。
【０００６】
かかる欠点を解消するために、ボビンツールと呼ばれる回転工具が提案されている。
かかる工具は接合する金属板の表裏両面を挟持するように一定間隔を設けた一対のショルダが設けられているとともに、該上下一対のショルダ間にプローブが設けられているので、接合面の両面において摩擦発熱させることが出来、裏面側の融合不良が生じないのみならず、上下一対のショルダ間で互いの反力を受けているために、裏当金が不要になる。
【０００７】
しかしながらかかる構成の回転工具の摩擦攪拌接合においても、次のような問題がある。
すなわち部材である中空型材を複数摩擦攪拌接合する際には、まず、部材である型材をその長尺辺（長手方向接合線）に沿って突き合わせる。そして、この突き合わせ部に沿って、回転工具（ボビンツール）の表裏両ショルダで母材両面を狭持しつつ回転させて表裏両面より摩擦入熱をさせつつ上下一対のショルダ間のプローブにより軟化領域を攪拌して接合する為に、プローブ中心と同心状にショルダが回転運動をしながら母材表裏両面に３６０°の位相角で摺接運動を繰り返すために、隣接する部材は接合線に沿って前後方向及び接合線から離れる方向に夫々部材に力が加わる方向になる。
そしてこの力が接合位置上で回転工具に加わりながら回転工具が接合線に沿って移動していくために、型材及び、型材を摩擦攪拌接合して得られた接合構体の接合の際に生じる前後方向の力によって前後の歪みが生じたり、接合位置左右方向の接合線より離れる方向の力によって接合線上でギャップが発生してしまい、このギャップの存在によって、型材同士で良好な摩擦攪拌接合をすることが極めて困難となってしまうことがある。
【０００８】
このため、表面側ショルダのみを有するプローブ型の回転工具では部材を定盤に固定して、複数の部材を摩擦攪拌接合しているが、部材裏面側にツールを有するボビンツールではこのようなことが不可能である。
【０００９】
そこで特開平１０−５２７７３号公報（特許文献２）において、回転工具の配置側（溶接部表面側）または回転工具と反対側（溶接部裏面側）の両方から回転機構を備えた固定治具（ローラ）によって固定し、更に該回転機構を備えた加工物の固定治具は、前記回転工具の前方または後方の両方に配置されている鉄道車両用構体の製作方法を提案している。
しかしながら、かかる技術においては、回転工具の配置側の左右、及び反対側（溶接面の裏側）の左右、及び接合線前方位置の少なくとも合計９個の回転機構を備えた固定治具を配置しなければならず、しかもこれらを夫々回転工具に同期して移動させながら且つ均等圧で拘束支持させるのは極めて困難であるのみならず、移動追従機構も大型化する。
【００１０】
更に特開２００２−４５９８１号公報（特許文献３）に示すように、内部が中空構造でもツールの支持なしで接合ができ、更に曲面を有する接合材が接合できるようにする技術としては、前記ボビンツールの前方及び後方に前記接合材を両面から挟む回転ロールを配置して、前記ロールにより、接合過程における接合材表面の凹凸及び上下方向の変形を接合前に矯正される技術も提案している。
【００１１】
【特許文献１】
特表平７−５０５０９０号公報
【特許文献２】
特開平１０−５２７７３号公報
【特許文献３】
特開２００２−４５９８１号公報
【００１２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながらこれらの技術はいずれもロールによる支持であるために、接合の際に生じる前後方向の力が発生した場合はロールが回転してしまって前後の拘束を完全に押さえるのも困難であり、接合位置左右方向の接合線より離れる方向の力に対しても軸受で支持されているローラではこれを完全に拘束することは困難である。
【００１３】
本発明の目的は、ボビンツールの回転によって生じる前後方向のずれ力、若しくは接合位置左右方向の接合線より離れる方向の力によって生じる種々の問題を解決して良好な摩擦攪拌接合を行うことのできる製造装置を提供することにある。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、複数本の部材を直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置に適用するものである。
即ち本発明は、鉄道車両構体、船舶構体、建物構体のように長手方向に延びる板又は型材同士を拘束手段にて拘束してボビンツールにて接合線を移動しながら接合構体を製造する装置、航空機及びロケットのようにドームと円筒体若しくは筒体同士を拘束手段にて拘束してボビンツールにて円周接合線を移動しながら接合構体を製造する装置、更には圧力容器のように鏡板と円筒体同士を拘束手段にて拘束してボビンツールにて円周接合線を移動しながら接合構体を製造する装置、更には平面若しくは曲面間で波線状の部材同士を拘束手段にて拘束してボビンツールにて接合線を移動しながら接合構体を製造する装置に適用するものである。
【００１５】
そして第１の発明は、接合位置におけるボビンツールの回転により前後方向のずれ力、左右方向の接合線より離れる方向の力によって生じる接合不良を解決する為に、前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されており、そして好ましくは前記支持部位が接合部材裏面に螺着、溶着、接着、嵌着、吸着、磁着のいずれかをされてなる固着部位であり、該固着部位を有する拘束治具（以下拘束治具という）が、接合線に沿って所定間隔毎に複数個配設されていることを要旨とする。
【００１６】
かかる要旨により夫々開放端が固定支持部位であるＵ型、Ｖ字型、門型状の拘束治具を、接合線に沿って隣接する部材を跨ぐごとく配設すれば、前記ローラによる拘束手段と異なり、接合線と直交する方向においては、連結部位により左右拘束され、前後方向においては所定間隔を介した前段と現段若しくは現段と次段の拘束治具間の強度構造（固定位置が左右前後に複数点）によって前後方向のずれも拘束される。
しかも前記拘束治具は接合線に沿う所定間隔毎の固定配置であるが、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されている為に接合を行う上でも何ら支障がない。
【００１７】
又、前記接合部材が、磁性体の場合に、前記支持部位に真空若しくは電磁石吸引のいずれかの固着部位を用いれば接合後の拘束治具の取り外しが容易である。
又接合部材が、非磁性材の場合は螺着、溶着、接着、嵌着、吸着のいずれかによる固着部位を用いてもよいが、前記拘束部位となる支持部位が部材裏面を螺着、嵌着、溶着する構成にしても、内面側であるために後処理の必要がないのみならず、特に螺着や嵌着の場合は螺合穴や嵌合凹部を利用して内部構築部材を取り付けることができる。
前記固着部位が接着部位である場合に、各部材の接着位置は、回転工具の摩擦入熱の熱伝搬による温度降下により、接着剤の耐久温度以下になっているように接合線より離隔した位置に設定すれば、摩擦攪拌接合による熱劣化等の問題も解消できる。
この場合接着剤の耐久温度は、接合部材の軟化温度以下に設定することにより、接合後の接着面に熱を付与して接着剤を剥離する場合においても、接合部位が強度劣化することはない。
たとえばアルミ合金の場合に摩擦攪拌接合の軟化点は４００〜６００℃であり、一方樹脂系接着剤の場合は熱耐久温度が２５０℃前後であり、この要請に合致する。
【００１８】
次に拘束治具の配設間隔について説明する。
接合線が直線若しくは両端が自由端の場合は回転工具（ボビンツール）が接合線方向に沿って移動しても、接合線にかかる回転工具の円周方向のトルクは、回転工具（ボビンツール）の回転方向と回転速度及び押圧力のみに依存して変動するものであるために、拘束治具の配設間隔は一定でよい。
しかしながら、前記部材接合線が曲線頂点を有するたとえば波形状の曲線である場合には、接合位置が曲線頂点を超える毎に接合線に前記工具の回転トルクのかかる方向及びトルク自体も変化してしまう。
そこでたとえば波形状の曲線である場合に曲線頂点上若しくは曲線頂点を挟んだ位置に前記拘束治具が配設されていれば、回転工具の接合線移動方向におけるトルク変動やトルク方向変化に追従して良好な接合が可能となる。
【００１９】
又前記構体がロケット、航空機、圧力容器のように一の部材が、テーパ、ドーム、鏡板のように、縮径形状であり、他の部材が円筒形状である場合には次のような問題がある。たとえば、前記ショルダ部の間隔は一定であるが、前記接合材の厚みが変化していると接合部にかかる圧力も変化する。そしてこの場合に接合位置で軟化した余肉部分は順次接合位置前方に押し出されるために、その圧力は順次増加して回転工具のトルク増大につながり、ボビンツールの回転による前後方向のずれ力、左右方向の接合線より離れる方向の力も増大する。そこで前記トルクの増大に比例して接合線初期と後半で、拘束強度を異ならせるように、拘束治具の配設間隔、若しくは支持力を異ならせるのがよい。
【００２０】
更にトルク増大がある場合は、前記拘束治具が複数種の拘束手段よりなり、第１の拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含むものであり、第２の拘束手段が接合線を溶着若しくは接合にて仮付けされたものであり、接合線上の接合強度に対応させて第１の拘束手段と第２の拘束手段を選択して設ければ一層良好な接合が可能となる。
【００２１】
次に表裏両面側の拘束手段の問題である。
前記拘束治具は部材裏面側に位置する拘束手段について言及してきたが、表面側に拘束手段を有する場合は、回転工具は機械主軸に取り付けられているために、接合部材に固定配置することは困難である。そこで部材表面に位置する表面拘束手段を回転工具を支持する主軸側に取り付け接合位置に沿って移動させるのがよい。
【００２２】
第２の発明は、拘束治具を回転工具に沿って移動可能に構成させたもので、前記拘束治具が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記支持部位が部材裏面を転動若しくは摺動しながら移動する裏面側拘束規制部材であり、該拘束規制部材を有する拘束治具が、部材表面側に位置する拘束規制部材と対面して移動可能に構成されていることを要旨とする。
【００２３】
かかる発明によれば前記従来技術のように支持部位が個々に押圧しているのではなく、部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位間を連結部位で連結させて一体的に拘束支持しているために、たとえ拘束治具が接合線に沿って移動する場合でも左右若しくは前後で支持バランスをとりながら均等な押圧力で拘束支持することが出来、前記支持部位が従来技術のロールと異なり、部材裏面を転動若しくは摺動しながら移動する拘束規制部材である為に、言い換えれば点や線ではなく面で拘束支持するために、回転工具の円周トルクに対抗して十分なる拘束支持力を有する。
そして本発明は部材裏面側と表面側がいずれも対面して移動可能に構成されて拘束規制部材により拘束されている為に、拘束力が一層強固になる。
【００２４】
そして具体的には前記部材の接合線が直線状を含む接合線構体の製造装置の場合は、前記裏面側拘束規制部材が連結部位を介してガイドレールに沿って接合線直交方向に移動規制されながら接合線方向に移動可能に構成されていることを特徴とする。
【００２５】
これにより軸トルクの変動があっても拘束治具が接合線と直交する方向の左右に変動したり軸振れが生じることなく、接合線に沿って平行な一定幅間隔での拘束支持が可能となる。
【００２６】
又前記部材の接合線が裏面側が内周側で、表面側が外周側である円弧状を含む接合線構体の製造装置の場合は、前記裏面側拘束規制部材が連結部位を介して、部材円弧中心に回動可能に支持されている回動部材に取り付けられ、該回動部材の回転により接合線直交方向に移動規制されながら円弧状の接合線に沿って移動可能に構成されていることを特徴とする。
【００２７】
かかる発明によれば内円周上の接合線に沿って同心状に拘束規制されている為に、接合線に沿って平行な一定幅間隔での拘束支持が可能となるのみならず、接合線より離接する半径方向の規制も可能であり、一層均等圧での拘束支持が可能となる。
【００２８】
更に、好ましくは前記回動部材の両端が部材円弧中心より内周側に向けて半径方向に延在されており、該延在された両端に連結部位を介して前記裏面側拘束規制部材が連結されているのがよい。
【００２９】
かかる発明によれば、円筒接合部材の軸対称に一対の拘束治具を位置させることが出来、且つ回動部材の共通化をはかることが出来る。
そして本発明においても前記接合線拘束手段が部材裏面側に位置する拘束手段であり、該裏面拘束手段が部材表面に位置する表面拘束手段と対面して配置されているのがよいことは前記したとおりである。
【００３０】
第３の発明は前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材間を拘束するために、回転工具の周囲に配置された拘束部であって、該拘束部が一の部材により一体的若しくは支持体が一の部材で形成されていることを特徴とし、より具体的には、前記拘束治具若しくはその支持体が、裏面側ショルダと同心状に形成された円筒若しくはリング円体であることを特徴とする。
【００３１】
かかる発明によれば回転工具の前方側（左側）拘束部位と後方側（右側）拘束部位間を連結する連結部位が不要になるのみならず、前記拘束治具が、裏面側ショルダと同心状に形成された円筒若しくはリング円体である場合は回転工具前後左右の拘束支持が一の部材で一体的に行うことが出来、言い換えれば前後左右の軸対称の拘束支持が一の部材で行うことが出来、極めて有利である。
【００３２】
この場合に前記拘束治具が、回転防止機構を介して裏面側ショルダに連結されているのがよく、これにより共廻りを防ぐことが出来、円滑な拘束支持が可能となる。
そしてこのような回転防止機構は、ショルダ外周に設けた軸受若しくはショルダ軸心上に設けたピン結合であれば簡単な機構で、前記作用が円滑に達成できる。
【００３３】
又表面側の前記接合線拘束手段が裏面側ショルダと同心状に形成された円筒若しくはリング円体上に配設されたベアリングで構成することも出来る。
【００３４】
又前記拘束治具は裏面側のみに用いるのではなく、表面側ショルダと裏面側ショルダに夫々回転防止機構を介して連結され、ショルダの回転と無関係に部材表裏両面側を拘束保持している一対の拘束治具で構成するのがよい。
【００３５】
この場合に前記表面側拘束治具が摺動可能な面接触若しくはローラ、球の転動による点若しくは線接触支持の位置保持支持力であり、一方前記裏面側拘束治具が、バネ等の弾性力、流体圧を利用して上下動を許容する付勢圧支持力であることを特徴とする。
【００３６】
かかる発明によれば、機械主軸側は位置変動のない剛性拘束であり、結果として定盤としての機能を持たせられるとともに、一方前記裏面側拘束治具が、バネ等の弾性力、流体圧を利用して上下動を許容する付勢圧支持力であれば、たとえば、前記接合材の厚みに変動が生じてもこれに追従でき、特に接合材の表面は一般に凹凸があり、一定の厚さではない。特に接合材が長い場合はこの厚さの変化は顕著である。さらに、接合材の厚さが一定の場合でも接合過程で摩擦熱により接合材表面の高さも変化する。従って、接合過程における前記ツールの位置を接合材表面の凹凸の変化に応じて拘束部間隔を調節出来る。
【００３７】
第４の発明は、前記拘束治具が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材間の接合線前後方向のずれを拘束するために、回転工具を挟んで夫々の部材の接合位置の、前方側と後方側に位置する拘束部と、該前方側と後方側の拘束部間を一体的に連結する連結部位からなり、前記連結部位に接合線に沿ってのみ移動を許容する移動規制部材が設けられていることを特徴とする。
【００３８】
この場合に前記部材の接合線が直線状を含む接合線構体の製造装置において、前記移動規制部材が接合線直交方向に移動規制されながら接合線方向に移動可能に構成されているガイドレールであり、又前記部材の接合線が裏面側が内周側で、表面側が外周側である円弧状を含む接合線構体の製造装置の場合は、前記移動規制部材が、部材円弧中心に回動可能に支持されている回動部材であって、該回動部材の回転により接合線直交方向に移動規制されながら円弧状の接合線に沿って移動可能に構成され、好ましくは前記回動部材の両端が部材円弧中心より内周側に向けて半径方向に延在されており、該延在された両端に連結部位を介して前記裏面側拘束規制部材が連結されているのがよいことは前記した通りである。
【００３９】
第５の発明は、拘束手段に定盤的機能を持たせたもので、前記拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する夫々の部材の接合線とほぼ平行に延在する延在線上に設けた段差部であり、前記部材を支持させる支持部に設けた嵌合部に、該段差部が少なくとも幅方向に位置規制されて嵌合しているとともに、前記支持部の嵌合部間の、接合線を挟んだ部材下方空間に、裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されていることを要旨とする。
【００４０】
かかる発明によれば、接合部材裏面の段差を利用して接合線幅方向（左右方向）の拘束支持が可能であるとともに、該段差部は接合部材を直接固定する定盤的機能を有する支持部に設けた嵌合部に直接嵌合されているために、拘束支持が剛質且つ安定的である。又独立した拘束治具が不要であり、前記支持部の嵌合部間の、接合線を挟んだ部材下方空間に、裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているので、接合動作を行う上でも何ら支障がない。
この場合に前記段差部に挟まれる接合線を挟んだ部材裏面側がその外側の部材厚みより厚肉に形成されていることにより接合時の減肉を裏面側より補償できるとともに、幅方向の拘束支持が容易である。
【００４１】
更に前記支持部に設けた嵌合部が、部材段差部を側面より接合線方向に挟圧する押圧力付勢部材であれば接合部材が長尺ものであっても、確実に幅方向に拘束支持できる。
そして前記押圧力付勢部材が、支持部に取り付けられ段差部と嵌合部位を有するねじ締め付け部材で構成されるのがよいが、バネ力や磁力を用いてもよい。
【００４２】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明について図面を参照して説明する。なお、図示の例に記載された構成部品の寸法、材質、形状、その相対的配置等は特に限定的な記載がない限り、この発明の範囲をそれに限定する趣旨ではなく、単なる説明例にすぎない。
【００４３】
図１は本第１発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）は平面図、（Ｂ）は正面断面図である。
本発明に使用されるボビンツールは、被加工物（部材４）の表裏両面側より摩擦熱を付与する円形ショルダ面を有する表面側ショルダ１と裏面側ショルダ２、両円形ショルダ面の中心軸に垂設連結されたプローブ軸３および表面側ショルダ１が嵌着されている機械主軸６からなり、摩擦攪拌接合に当たっては、たとえば、工具の回転数は３００〜１２００ｒｐｍ、送り速度（工具の移動速度）は１００〜１０００ｍｍ／分とされる。
【００４４】
本実施例は、複数本の部材４を直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線５に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する第１の種類の接合線拘束冶具１０と、前記複数の部材４を接合線５の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にショルダ１、２を有する回転工具（ボビンツール）を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置に適用するものである。
即ち、鉄道車両構体、船舶構体、建物構体のように長手方向に延びる板又は型材４Ａ、４Ｂ同士を突き合わせて裏面側より矩形状の接合線拘束冶具１０にて拘束してボビンツールにて接合線５を移動しながら接合構体を製造する装置に関するもので、接合位置におけるボビンツールの回転により前後方向のずれ力、左右方向の接合線より離れる方向の力によって生じる接合不良を解決する為に、前記接合線拘束冶具１０が、前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂの裏面を拘束支持する左右一対の固定支持部位１０Ａ、１０Ａと、該支持部位１０Ａ、１０Ａ間を一体的に連結する逆さ門型状の連結部位１０Ｂとより構成され、前記連結部位１０Ｂに裏面側ショルダ２の通過空間１００が形成されており、そして前記支持部位１０Ａ、１０Ａが部材裏面をボルト１１にて螺着する固着部位であり、そしてかかる門型状の接合線拘束治具１０は、接合線５に沿って所定間隔毎に接合線を挟んで接合部材４裏面に複数個所定間隔で配設されている。
【００４５】
かかる実施例によれば夫々開放端に固定支持部位１０Ａ、１０Ａを有する門型状の接合線拘束治具１０を、接合線５に沿って隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂを跨ぐごとく配設すれば、接合線５と直交する方向においては、連結部位１０Ｂにより左右拘束され、前後方向においては所定間隔を介した前段と現段若しくは現段と次段の接合線拘束治具１０、１０間の強度構造（固定支持部位１０Ａ、１０Ａの、接合線５に沿って隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂ（裏面）との固着部位１０Ｃが左右前後に複数点四角形状にポイント配置されている）によって前後方向のずれも拘束される。
しかも前記接合線拘束治具１０は接合線５に沿う所定間隔毎の固定配置であるが、前記連結部位１０Ｂに裏面側ショルダ２の通過空間１００が形成されている為に接合を行う上で何ら支障がない。
接合部材４が、非磁性材の場合は螺着に限定されずに、溶着、接着、嵌着、吸着のいずれかによる固着部位を用いてもよいが、前記裏面部材拘束部位となる固定支持部位１０Ａが接合部材４裏面を螺着、嵌着、溶着する構成にして裏面にねじ穴や嵌合穴等が残存しても、接合部材４においては内面側であるために後処理の必要がないのみならず、特に螺着や嵌着の場合は螺合穴や嵌合凹部を利用して内部構築部材を取り付けることができるという効果を有する。
【００４６】
図２（Ａ）は複数本の部材４を部材接合線５に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する第２の種類の接合線拘束冶具１２を示すもので、特に前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂの裏面を拘束支持するために左右一対の固定支持部位１２Ａに取り付けられた固着部位１２Ｃを真空吸着若しくは電磁石吸着機能を持たせて部材裏面と固定させるように構成した拘束治具１２の一例で、１２Ｂは連結部位で前記実施例の１０Ｂに相当する。
又図２（Ｂ）は複数本の部材４を部材接合線５に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する第３の種類の接合線拘束冶具１３を示すもので、特に前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂの裏面を拘束支持するために左右一対の固定支持部位１３Ａに取り付けられた固着部位１３Ｃを接着機能を持たせて部材裏面と固定させるように構成した拘束治具１２の一例で、１３Ｂは連結部位で前記実施例の１０Ｂ，１２Ｂに相当する。
そして前記固着部位１２Ｃを真空吸着若しくは電磁石吸着で構成した第２の種類の接合線拘束治具１２を図２（Ａ）に基づいて説明するに、拘束治具１２は、前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂの裏面を拘束支持する左右一対の真空吸着若しくは電磁石吸着機能を有する固着部位１２Ｃ、１２Ｃ、これを下面側で支持する円筒基台からなる固定支持部位１２Ａ、１２Ａ、及び該固定支持部位からなる円筒基台１２Ａ、１２Ａ間を一体的に連結するバー状の連結部位１２Ｂを含み、前記連結部位１２Ｂ上方に裏面側ショルダ２の通過空間１００が形成されている。そしてかかる接合線拘束治具１２は、接合線５に沿って所定間隔毎に接合線を挟んで接合部材４裏面に複数個所定間隔で配設されている。
【００４７】
本実施例の場合に、前記接合部材４が、磁性体の場合には電磁石吸着がよく、又非磁性体の場合は真空吸着を用いればよく、いずれの場合も部材裏面を傷つけることなく確実な固着と接合後の拘束治具の取り外しが容易である。
【００４８】
図２（Ｂ）は固定支持部位を接着で構成した第３の種類の接合線拘束治具１３を説明するための断面図である。
接合線拘束治具１３は、前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂの裏面を拘束支持する接着面として機能する固着部位１３ｃ、１３ｃを介して、これを下面側フランジで支持するフランジ付き円筒基台からなる固定支持部位１３Ａ、１３Ａ、及び該円筒基台からなる固定支持部位１３Ａ、１３Ａ間を一体的に連結するバー状の連結部位１３Ｂを含み、前記連結部位１３Ｂ上方に裏面側ショルダ２の通過空間１００が形成されている。そしてかかる拘束治具１３は、接合線５に沿って所定間隔毎に接合線を挟んで接合部材４裏面に複数個所定間隔で配設されている。
【００４９】
前記固着部位１３ｃ、１３ｃが接着剤を用いた固着部位である場合に、接合線５より２５〜５０ミリ離れると、回転工具の摩擦入熱の熱伝搬による温度降下によりその時点の加熱温度が、接着剤の耐久温度以下になっているように接合線５より離隔した２０〜５０ミリの位置に固着部位１３Ｃを設定すれば、摩擦攪拌接合による熱劣化等の問題も解消できる。
この場合接着剤の耐久温度は、接合部材の軟化温度以下に設定することにより、接合後の接着面に熱を付与して接着剤を剥離する場合においても、接合部位が強度劣化することはない。
たとえばアルミ合金の場合に摩擦攪拌接合の軟化点は４００〜６００℃であり、一方樹脂系接着剤の場合は熱耐久温度が２５０℃前後であり、この要請に合致する。
【００５０】
次に拘束治具の配設間隔について説明する。
図４は波形状の曲線を有する波板同士を接合するための本第１発明による摩擦攪拌接合体の製造装置を示し、（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）は拘束手段を接合線に沿って配列するための概要図である。前記各実施例と同一の符号は同一の部材を指す。
０はボビンツールで、表面側ショルダ１、裏面側ショルダ２、プローブ軸３および表面側ショルダ１が嵌着されている機械主軸６からなる。接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂの接合線５が直線若しくは両端が自由端の場合は、ボビンツール０の回転方向と回転速度及び押圧力によって接合線５にかかる円周トルクが依存し、従って図１、２に示した前記拘束治具１０〜１３の配設間隔は、図２（Ｃ）のごとく一定でよいが、図４（Ｂ）に示すように、前記部材接合線５が曲線頂点５ａを有するたとえば波形状の曲線である場合に、接合位置が曲線頂点５ａ（本例の場合は波形状の曲線の最大値及び最小値）を超える毎に接合線５に工具回転トルクのかかる方向及びトルク自体も変化してしまう（ここで曲線頂点とは連続関数の最大値及び最小値若しくは極大値及び極小値を示す点を指す）。
そこでたとえば接合線５が波形状の曲線である場合に曲線頂点５ａ上若しくは曲線頂点５ａを挟んだ位置に拘束治具１５が配設されていれば、ボビンツール０の接合線移動方向におけるトルク変動やトルク方向変化に追従して良好な接合が可能となる。
【００５１】
図３は鏡板２１と円筒容器２２を接合するための本第１発明による摩擦攪拌接合体の製造装置を示し、（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）は拘束手段を接合線に沿って配列するための概要図である。前記各実施例と同一の符号は同一の部材を指す。
このように前記接合構体がロケット、航空機、圧力容器のように一の部材が、テーパ、ドーム、鏡板２１のように、縮径形状であり、他の部材２２が円筒形状である場合には次のような問題がある。たとえば、筒体同士のように、円周無端状の接合線を周回する場合に、前記表面側ショルダ１−裏面側ショルダ２の間隔は一定であるが、接合初期で軟化した余肉部分が順次接合位置前方に押し出されるために、その圧力は順次増加して回転工具のトルク増大につながり、ボビンツール０の回転による前後方向のずれ力、左右方向の接合線より離れる方向の力も増大する。そこで前記トルクの増大に比例して接合線初期と後半で、拘束強度を異ならせるように、拘束治具１４の配設間隔、若しくは支持力を異ならせるのがよい。
具体的にはボビンツール０の移動方向に沿って配設間隔を順次縮めている。たとえば図３（Ａ）では（１４_１〜１４_２）Ｂ_１＞Ａ_１（１４_１〜１４_０）
又図３（Ｂ）では（１４_３〜１４_２）Ｃ_２＞（１４_１〜１４_２）Ｂ_２＞Ａ_２（１４_１〜１４_０）に設定される。
ここで図３（Ａ）のＢ _１ は拘束治具１４ _１ から拘束治具１４ _２ までの間隔、Ａ _１ は拘束治具１４ _１ から拘束治具１４ _０ までの間隔を夫々指す。
図３（Ｂ）のＢ _２ は拘束治具１４ _１ から拘束治具１４ _２ までの間隔、Ａ _２ は拘束治具１４ _１ から拘束治具１４ _０ までの間隔、Ｃ _２ は拘束治具１４ _３ から拘束治具１４ _２ までの間隔を夫々指す。尚、図面上拘束治具（１４ _３ 〜１４ _２ ）のＣ _２ と拘束治具（１４ _１ 〜１４ _２ ）のＢ _２ はあたかも等距離のように描画されているが、これは円筒部を側面方向から透視したために、曲率部分の長さを考慮しないもので、曲率部分の長さを考慮した実際上の距離は中央位置にある拘束治具（１４ _１ 〜１４ _２ ）のＢ _２ より、側壁側にある拘束治具（１４ _３ 〜１４ _２ ）のＣ _２ の方が距離が長い（即ちＣ _２ ＞Ｂ _２ の関係にある）。
【００５２】
テーパ、ドーム、鏡板２１のように、縮径形状であり、他の部材２２が円筒形状である場合には更に円周方向にボビンツール０が移動するに従ってトルク増大がある場合は、前記機械的拘束治具１０〜１４の接合線を溶着若しくは接合にて仮付けされた拘束手段１４５をトルク増大した部分に付加して、具体的には図３（Ａ）に示すように、機械的拘束治具１４ _１ 〜１４ _２、 機械的拘束治具１４ _１ 〜１４ _０ の間に溶着若しくは接合にて仮付けされた拘束手段１４５を設ける等の方法で第１の拘束手段と第２の拘束手段を組み合わせて使用してもよい。このように接合線上の接合強度の増加に対応させて第１の拘束手段と第２の拘束手段を組み合わせるか若しくは接合線上の接合強度の減少に対応して１方を選択して設ければ一層良好な接合が可能となる。
【００５３】
図５は本第２発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）は平面図である。前記各実施例と同一の符号は同一の部材を指す。
本実施例は、裏面側拘束治具をボビンツール０に沿って移動可能に構成させたもので、前記拘束治具は、前記従来技術（特許文献２）と同様、裏面側ローラ１８で構成しているが、前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂの裏面を拘束支持する複数の裏面側ローラ１８、１８と、該複数の裏面側ローラ１８、１８間を一体的に連結するＨ型状の連結部位４０を含み、前記複数の裏面側ローラ１８、１８は部材４Ａ、４Ｂ裏面を転動若しくは摺動しながら移動する拘束規制部材であるが、Ｈ型状の連結部位４０のローラ受け部４０Ｂで下方より剛性的に支持されているために拘束治具としての機能を円滑に達成しうる。又、接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂ表面側に位置する表面側ローラ１９も裏面側の裏面側ローラ１８と対面して移動可能に構成されている。
そして本実施例のように前記接合部材４の接合線５が直線状を含む接合線構体の製造装置の場合は、前記裏面側ローラ１８、１８はＨ型状の連結部位４０中央のガイド溝４０Ａを介してガイドレール４３に沿って接合線５直交方向に移動規制されながら接合線方向に移動可能に構成されていることを特徴とする。
【００５４】
かかる実施例によれば従来技術のようにローラ１８、１８が個々に押圧しているのではなく、部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数のローラ１８、１８間を一体的にＨ型状の連結部位４０で連結させて一体的に拘束支持しているために、たとえ複数のローラ１８、１８が接合線５に沿って移動する場合でも左右若しくは前後で支持バランスをとりながら均等な押圧力で拘束支持することが出来、前記複数のローラ１８、１８が従来技術のロールと異なり、部材裏面を転動若しくは摺動しながら移動する拘束規制部材として機能し、実質的に面で拘束支持するために、回転工具の円周トルクに対抗して十分なる拘束支持力を有する。
そして本発明は部材裏面側の複数のローラ１８、１８と表面側複数のローラ１９、１９がいずれも対面して移動可能に構成されて拘束規制部材により拘束されている為に、拘束力が一層強固になる。
これにより軸トルクの変動があっても拘束治具が接合線と直交する方向の左右に変動したり軸振れが生じることなく、接合線に沿って平行な一定幅間隔での拘束支持が可能となる。
【００５５】
図６は第３発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）はＡ−Ａ線断面図である。前記各実施例と同一の符号は同一の部材を指す。
本実施例は拘束治具１６が、裏面側ショルダ２と同心状に形成された円筒若しくは上下両面をＲ状に縮径させたリング円体であり、両者間に軸受２６を介在させて裏面側ショルダ２の回転と無関係に回転停止して、前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂ間の、回転工具周囲の接合位置の、前方側と後方側及び左右を一体的に拘束させている。
表側においても１７が、表面側ショルダ１と同心状に形成された上下両面をＲ状に縮径させた円筒若しくはリング円体であり、両者間に軸受２６を介在させてショルダ１の回転と無関係に回転停止して、前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂ間の、ボビンツール０周囲の接合位置の、前方側と後方側及び左右を一体的に拘束させている。
【００５６】
かかる発明によればボビンツール０の前方側（左側）拘束部位と後方側（右側）拘束部位間を連結する連結部位が不要になるのみならず、前記拘束治具１６、１７が、裏面側ショルダ２と同心状に形成された上下両面をＲ状に縮径させた円筒若しくはリング円体である為に、ボビンツール０前後左右の拘束支持が一の部材で一体的に行うことが出来、言い換えれば前後左右の軸対称の拘束支持が一の部材で行うことが出来、極めて有利である。
【００５７】
この場合に前記拘束治具１６、１７が、軸受２６等の回転防止機構を介してショルダ１、２に連結されているのがよく、これにより共廻りを防ぐことが出来、円滑な拘束支持が可能となる。
【００５８】
図９は本発明の改良例で、前記各実施例と同一の符号は同一の部材を指す。本実施例は拘束治具が、裏面側ショルダ２と同心状に固定されたリング円体１６１の上面に設けたベアリング１６０であり、該拘束治具がベアリング１６０であるために、裏面側ショルダ２及びリング円体１６１の回転に従って転動回転して、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂ間の、ボビンツール０周囲の接合位置の、前方側と後方側及び左右を一体的に拘束させている。更にリング円体１６１は裏面側ショルダ２の下面中心より垂設された軸に設けられたフランジ１６２とリング円体１６１間に、バネ、空気圧、油圧等１６４を介装して、該バネ、空気圧、油圧等１６４を利用して上下動を許容する付勢圧支持力を持たせている。従ってリング円体１６１と裏面側ショルダ２外周間はスプライン結合１６３により上下動を許容するように構成されている。
【００５９】
表側においても拘束治具が、表面側ショルダ１と同心状に形成されたリング円体の下面に設けたベアリング１７０であり、該拘束治具がベアリング１７０であるために、表面側ショルダ１及びリング円体１７１の回転に従って転動回転して、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材４Ａ、４Ｂ間の、ボビンツール０周囲の接合位置の、前方側と後方側及び左右を一体的に拘束させている。
この結果前記表面側拘束治具が摺動可能な面接触若しくはローラ、球の転動による点若しくは線接触支持の位置保持支持力であり、一方前記裏面側拘束治具が、バネ等の弾性力、流体圧を利用して上下動を許容する付勢圧支持力となる。
【００６０】
かかる発明によれば、機械主軸６側の表面側ショルダ１の拘束治具は位置変動のない剛性拘束であり、結果として定盤としての機能を持たせられるとともに、一方前記裏面側拘束治具が、バネ等の弾性力、流体圧を利用して上下動を許容する付勢圧支持力であれば、たとえば、前記接合材の厚みに変動が生じてもこれに追従できる。特に接合材の表面は一般に凹凸があり、一定の厚さではない。さらに、接合材の厚さが一定の場合でも接合過程で摩擦熱により接合材表面の高さも変化する。従って本実施例によれば、接合過程における前記ツールの位置を接合材表面の凹凸の変化に応じて拘束部間隔を調節出来る。
【００６１】
図７は、第４発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を示す第１の例と第２の例を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）〜（Ｂ）は第１の例を示し（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）はそのＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。（Ｃ）〜（Ｄ）は第２の例を示し（Ｃ）は正面断面図、（Ｄ）はそのＣ−Ｃ線断面図である。前記各実施例と同一の符号は同一の部材を指す。
【００６２】
図７（Ａ）〜（Ｂ）で示す第１の例において、拘束治具３０が、前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂ間の接合線５前後方向のずれを拘束するために、ボビンツール０を挟んで夫々の接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂの接合位置の、前方側と後方側に位置するローラ１８からなる拘束部と、該前方側と後方側の拘束部間を一体的に連結するＨ状の連結部位３１からなり、前記連結部位３１に接合線に沿ってのみ移動を許容する移動規制部材３３が設けられている。
そしてかかる実施例においてはＨ状の連結部位３１左右両側の張り出し部３１ａにローラ１９を支持する支持枠３１ｂが設けられており、又移動規制部材３３は、その方形枠が裏面側ショルダ２より突設するピン軸２７に軸受２８を介して裏面側ショルダ２の回転と無関係に軸支されており、更に方形枠の四偶に引っ張りコイルバネ３４が介装されており、ローラ１８を部材４Ａ、４Ｂ拘束方向に付勢させている。
【００６３】
図７（Ｃ）〜（Ｄ）で示す第２の例において、拘束治具４４が、前記接合線５を挟んで隣接する接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂ間の接合線５前後方向のずれを拘束するために、ボビンツール０を挟んで夫々の接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂの接合位置の、前方側と後方側に位置するローラ１８状の拘束部と、該前方側と後方側の拘束部間を一体的に連結するＨ状の連結部位４１からなり、前記連結部位４１に接合線５に沿ってのみ移動を許容する移動規制部材としてのガイドレール４３が設けられており、前記連結部位４１に設けた接合線５に沿うガイド溝４０Ａに沿ってボビンツール０と同期して移動可能に構成されている。前記ローラ１８は、接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂ裏面を転動若しくは摺動しながら移動する拘束規制部材であるが、Ｈ型状の拘束治具４４のローラ受け部４０Ｂで下方より剛性的に支持されているために拘束治具としての機能を円滑に達成しうる。
【００６４】
図８は本第４発明による摩擦攪拌による円筒部材の円周接合線を接合する接合構体の製造装置を示す図であり、又拘束治具３０が、円周形状の接合部材４５の内周側で接合線前後方向のずれを拘束するために、ボビンツール０を挟んで夫々の接合部材４５、４５の接合位置の、前方側と後方側に位置するローラ１８からなる拘束部と、該前方側と後方側の拘束部間を一体的に連結するＨ状の連結部位５０Ａとともに、１８０°対称位置にも、ローラ１８及び連結部位５０Ｂからなる拘束治具３０が対称に配置されており、前記連結部位５０Ａ、５０Ｂに接合線に沿ってのみ移動を許容する移動規制部材を、部材内周中心５２に回動可能に支持されている回動部材５１で形成し、該回動部材５１の回転により接合線直交方向に移動規制されながら円弧状の接合線に沿って移動可能に構成され、好ましくは前記回動部材５１の両端が部材円弧中心より内周側に向けて半径方向に延在されており、該延在された両端に連結部位５０Ａ、５０Ｂを介して前記裏面側拘束規制部材（ローラ１８、１８）が連結されている。
【００６５】
かかる実施例によれば１８０°対称位置で拘束治具３０が回動しながら裏面側の拘束支持を行うことが出来るとともに、内円周上の接合線に沿って同心状に拘束規制されている為に、接合線に沿って平行な一定幅間隔での拘束支持が可能となるのみならず、接合線と直交する方向の回動部材５１の半径方向の規制も可能であり、一層均等圧での拘束支持が可能となる。
【００６６】
更に、前記回動部材５１の両端が部材円弧中心より内周側に向けて半径方向に延在されており、該延在された両端に連結部位５０Ａ、５０Ｂを介して前記裏面側拘束規制を行うローラ１９、１９が連結されている為に、円筒接合部材４５の軸対称に一対の拘束治具３０を位置させることが出来、且つ回動部材５１の共通化をはかることが出来る。
【００６７】
図１０は、本第５発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を示す第１の例と第２の例を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）は基本構成図、（Ｂ）は応用図を示す。
本実施例の（Ａ）において、拘束手段に定盤的機能を持たせたもので、前記拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する夫々の接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂの接合線とほぼ平行に延在する延在線上に設けた段差部０４であり、前記接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂを支持させる支持部６５（定盤）に設けた嵌合部６１に、該段差部０４が少なくとも幅方向に位置規制されて嵌合しているとともに、前記支持部６５の嵌合部６１−６１間の、接合線を挟んだ接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂ下方空間に、裏面側ショルダの通過空間６０が形成されている。
【００６８】
かかる実施例によれば、接合部材裏面の段差部０４を利用して接合線幅方向（左右方向）の拘束支持が可能であるとともに、該段差部０４は接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂを直接固定する定盤的機能を有する支持部６５に設けた嵌合部６１に直接嵌合されているために、拘束支持が剛質且つ安定的である。又独立した拘束治具が不要であり、前記支持部６５の嵌合部６１−６１間の、接合線を挟んだ部材下方空間に、裏面側ショルダ２の通過空間６０が形成されているので、接合動作を行う上でも何ら支障がない。
この場合に前記段差部０４に挟まれる接合線を挟んだ部材４Ａ、４Ｂ裏面側がその外側の部材厚みより厚肉に形成されていることにより接合時の減肉を裏面側より補償できるとともに、幅方向の拘束支持が容易である。
【００６９】
図１０（Ｂ）に示す、本第５発明の応用例は、拘束手段に門型支持枠７０を用いたもので、前記拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する夫々の接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂの接合線とほぼ平行に延在する延在線上に設けた段差部０４と、支持枠７０の上面で前記接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂを支持させるとともに、該支持枠７０に設けたＬ字状嵌合部７１、７１に、該段差部０４が幅方向に位置規制されて嵌合しているとともに、前記支持枠７０の嵌合部７１−７１間の、接合線を挟んだ部材下方空間に、裏面側ショルダ２の通過空間６０が形成されている。
【００７０】
更に前記支持枠７０に設けたＬ字状嵌合部７１が、部材段差部０４の幅方向両側に位置する嵌合部６１、６１を側面よりねじ軸７２ａにより接合線方向に挟圧する押圧力付勢部材７２であれば接合部材が長尺のものであっても、確実に幅方向に拘束支持できる。
そして前記押圧力付勢部材７２は、支持枠７０に取り付けられ、前記嵌合部６１、６１と嵌合するＬ字状嵌合部７１を有するねじ締め付け部材７１ａで構成されているのがよいが、図１０（Ａ）に示すように支持部６５よりＬ字状の支持枠６２を立設し、接合部材４Ａ、４Ｂ表面をバネ６３のバネ力を用いてもよく、また、磁力を用いてもよい。
【発明の効果】
【００７１】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、ボビンツールの回転によって生じる前後方向のずれ力、若しくは接合位置左右方向の接合線より離れる方向の力によって生じる種々の問題を解決して良好な摩擦攪拌接合を行うことができる。
特に第１の発明によれば、従来技術に示すローラによる拘束手段と異なり、接合線と直交する方向においては、連結部位により左右拘束され、前後方向においては所定間隔を介した前段と現段若しくは現段と次段の拘束治具間の強度構造（固定位置が左右前後に複数点）によって前後方向のずれも拘束される。
しかも前記拘束治具は接合線に沿う所定間隔毎の固定配置であるが、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されている為に接合を行う上で何ら支障がない。
【００７２】
第２の発明及び第４の発明によれば、前記従来技術のようにローラが個々に押圧しているのではなく、部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位間を連結部位で連結させて一体的に拘束支持しているために、たとえ拘束治具が接合線に沿って移動する場合でも左右若しくは前後で支持バランスをとりながら均等な押圧力で拘束支持することが出来、前記支持部位が従来技術のロールと異なり、部材裏面を転動若しくは摺動しながら移動する拘束規制部材である為に、言い換えれば点や線ではなく面で拘束支持するために、回転工具の円周トルクに対抗して十分なる拘束支持力を有す。
【００７３】
第３の発明によれば回転工具の前方側（左側）拘束部位と後方側（右側）拘束部位間を連結する連結部位が不要になるのみならず、前記拘束治具が、裏面側ショルダと同心状に形成された円筒若しくはリング円体である場合は回転工具前後左右の拘束支持が一の部材で一体的に行うことが出来、言い換えれば前後左右の軸対称の拘束支持が一の部材で行うことが出来、極めて有利である。
【００７４】
第５の発明によれば、接合部材裏面の段差を利用して接合線幅方向（左右方向）の拘束支持が可能であるとともに、該段差部は接合部材を直接固定する定盤的機能を有する支持部に設けた嵌合部に直接嵌合されているために、拘束支持が剛質且つ安定的である。又独立した拘束治具が不要であり、前記支持部の嵌合部間の、接合線を挟んだ部材下方空間に、裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているので、接合動作を行う上でも何ら支障がない。等の種々の箸効を有す。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本第１発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）は平面図、（Ｂ）は正面断面図である。
【図２】 （Ａ）は固定支持部位を真空吸着若しくは電磁石吸着で構成した一例、（Ｂ）は固定支持部位を接着で構成した一例を説明するための断面図、（Ｃ）は拘束手段を接合線に沿って配置するための概略図である。
【図３】 鏡板と円筒容器を接合するための本第１発明による摩擦攪拌接合体の製造装置を示し、（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）は拘束手段を接合線に沿って配列するための概要図である。
【図４】 曲線頂点を有する波板同士を接合するための本第１発明による摩擦攪拌接合体の製造装置を示し、（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）は拘束手段を接合線に沿って配列するための概要図である。
【図５】 第２発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）は平面図である。
【図６】 第３発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）はＡ−Ａ線断面図である。
【図７】 第４発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を示す第１の例と第２の例を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）〜（Ｂ）は第１の例を示し（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）はそのＡ−Ａ線断面図である。（Ｃ）〜（Ｄ）は第２の例を示し（Ｃ）は正面断面図、（Ｄ）はそのＡ−Ａ線断面図である。
【図８】 第４発明による摩擦攪拌による円筒部材の円周接合線を接合する接合構体の製造装置を示す。
【図９】 第４発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を示す第１の例と第２の例を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）〜（Ｂ）は第１の例を示し（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）はそのＡ−Ａ線断面図である。（Ｃ）〜（Ｄ）は第２の例を示し（Ａ）は正面断面図、（Ｂ）はそのＡ−Ａ線断面図である。
【図１０】 第５発明による摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合構体の製造装置を示す第１の例と第２の例を説明するための図であり、（Ａ）は基本構成図、（Ｂ）は応用図を示す。
従来の摩擦攪拌による複数列部材の接合体の製造の他の例を説明するための図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 表面側ショルダ
２ 裏面側ショルダ
３ プルーブ軸
４（４Ａ、４Ｂ） 接合部材
５ 接合線
５ａ 曲線頂点
６ 機械主軸
１０〜１７ 拘束治具
１０Ａ、１２Ａ、１３Ａ 固定支持部位
１０Ｃ、１２Ｃ、１３Ｃ 固着部位
１８ 裏面側ローラ
１９ 表面側ローラ
１０Ｂ、１２Ｂ、１３Ｂ、３１、４０、５０Ａ、５０Ｂ 連結部位
４３ ガイドレール
５１ 回動部材
６０、１００ 裏面側ショルダ通過空間
０４、 段差部
６１、７１ 嵌合部 [0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention is, for example, a rail or vehicle structure, a ship structure, a building structure by friction stir welding a plurality of members, such as a plate or mold extending in the longitudinal direction, a dome and a cylinder, a mirror plate and a cylinder, and cylinders, The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure by friction stirrer, which is used for manufacturing large structures such as aircraft and rocket structures and pressure vessels.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  In general, two-sided structures (panels), such as long hollow molds that extend in the longitudinal direction, are used in large-scale structures of railway vehicles and ships. When joining such extruded molds, or when joining the head or rocket of an aircraft with a dome and a cylinder or between cylinders, further join the end plate and cylinder of the pressure vessel. At that time, for example, the butt joint is formed by fusion welding using MIG welding or the like. However, the method of joining by fusion welding causes problems such as thermal distortion.
[0003]
  On the other hand, JP 7-505090 A (Patent Document 1) describes joining of members by friction stir welding, and a rotary tool made of a material substantially harder than a workpiece is used as a joining portion of the workpiece. A joining method is disclosed in which a workpiece is joined by plastic flow caused by frictional heat generated between the rotating tool and the workpiece by being inserted into the rotating tool and moved while rotating the rotating tool.
[0004]
  Next, a rotary tool used for friction stir welding will be described. Friction stir welding is the above-mentioned patent document1There are probe-type and bobbin tool-type rotary tools. The probe-type tool includes a shoulder portion and a probe provided in the shoulder portion, and the shoulder portion has a circular shoulder surface. Then, the rotary tool is rotated from the upper surface of the joining line in a state where a plurality of mold materials are abutted or fitted, and the probe is inserted into the hole provided in the joining line of the workpiece, and the workpiece is joined. Frictional heat is applied to the work piece by the circular shoulder surface rotating in sliding contact with the wire, and the periphery of the probe is plastically fluidized. By moving the rotating tool along the joint line in this state, the periphery of the joint line is plastic. While fluidizing, the two materials are agitated and kneaded while receiving pressure along the joining line, and move to the rear side of the probe. As a result, the plastic flowed material loses frictional heat on the rear side and rapidly cools and solidifies, so that both panel plates are joined together with the materials mixed together.
  Further, by providing the probe with a reverse screw with respect to the rotation direction, a downward plastic flow can be achieved, and the occurrence of defects such as nests and poor fusion on the back side can be prevented.
[0005]
  However, in such a joining method, in order to generate frictional heat at the time of joining, it is necessary to press the rotary tool against the joining line side, and therefore a backing metal is used to cope with this reaction force. This backing metal is installed in close contact with the back surface of the face plate of the workpiece, and requires a large pressing force.
[0006]
  In order to eliminate such drawbacks, a rotating tool called a bobbin tool has been proposed.
  Such a tool is provided with a pair of shoulders spaced apart so as to sandwich both front and back surfaces of the metal plates to be joined, and a probe is provided between the pair of upper and lower shoulders. The frictional heat can be generated, and not only the backside fusion failure does not occur, but also the backing metal is not necessary because the pair of upper and lower shoulders are subjected to mutual reaction force.
[0007]
  However, the friction stir welding of the rotary tool having such a configuration also has the following problems.
  That is, when performing a plurality of friction stir welding on the hollow mold material that is a member, first, the mold material that is a member is abutted along its long side (longitudinal joining line). Then, along this abutting part, it is rotated by holding the both surfaces of the base material with both shoulders of the rotating tool (bobbin tool) to cause frictional heat input from both the front and back surfaces, and is softened by a probe between a pair of upper and lower shoulders. In order to repeat the sliding contact with the phase angle of 360 ° on both the front and back surfaces of the base material while rotating the shoulder concentrically with the center of the probe, the adjacent members move along the joining line. The force is applied to the members in the front-rear direction and the direction away from the joining line.
  Since this force is applied to the rotary tool at the joining position and the rotary tool moves along the joining line, before and after the joining of the mold material and the joined structure obtained by friction stir welding of the mold material. Front / rear distortion is caused by the force in the direction, or a gap is generated on the joining line due to the force in the direction away from the joining line in the left / right direction of the joining position. Due to the existence of this gap, good friction stir welding is performed between the mold materials. Can be extremely difficult.
[0008]
  For this reason, in the probe type rotary tool having only the front side shoulder, the member is fixed to the surface plate and a plurality of members are friction stir welded. However, this is the case with the bobbin tool having the tool on the back side of the member. Is impossible.
[0009]
  Therefore, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-52773 (Patent Document 2), a fixing jig provided with a rotating mechanism from both the rotating tool arrangement side (welding surface side) or the rotating tool opposite side (welding surface back side) ( A workpiece fixing jig that is fixed by a roller) and further provided with the rotating mechanism has been proposed as a method of manufacturing a railway vehicle structure that is arranged both in front of and behind the rotating tool.
  However, in such a technique, it is necessary to arrange a fixing jig having at least nine rotation mechanisms in total on the left and right of the rotary tool arrangement side, the left and right of the opposite side (the back side of the welding surface), and the front position of the joining line. In addition, it is extremely difficult to restrain and support them with equal pressure while moving them in synchronization with the rotary tool, and the movement follow-up mechanism is also increased in size.
[0010]
  Furthermore, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-45981 (Patent Document 3), as a technique for enabling bonding without a tool support even when the inside is hollow, and further capable of bonding a bonding material having a curved surface, the bobbin A technique is also proposed in which rotating rolls sandwiching the bonding material from both sides are arranged in front and rear of the tool, and the unevenness and vertical deformation of the bonding material surface in the bonding process are corrected before bonding by the roll. .
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
  JP 7-505090 Gazette
[Patent Document 2]
  JP-A-10-52773
[Patent Document 3]
  JP 2002-45981 A
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, since these technologies are all supported by rolls, it is difficult to completely restrain the front and rear restraints when the force in the front-rear direction generated during joining occurs and the roll rotates. It is difficult to completely restrain the force supported by the bearing against the force in the direction away from the joint line in the lateral direction.
[0013]
  The object of the present invention is to solve the various problems caused by the displacement force in the front-rear direction caused by the rotation of the bobbin tool or the force in the direction away from the joining line in the left-right direction of the joining position and to perform good friction stir welding. It is to provide a manufacturing apparatus.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In the present invention, a joining line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both the front and back sides of the joining line. Furthermore, the present invention is applied to an apparatus for manufacturing a planar or curved joint structure comprising a rotary tool having shoulders on both sides.
  That is, the present invention is an apparatus for manufacturing a joint structure while restraining plates or molds extending in the longitudinal direction with a restraining means and moving a joint line with a bobbin tool, such as a railway vehicle structure, a ship structure, and a building structure, A device that manufactures a joint structure while restraining a dome and a cylindrical body or cylinders with restraining means, such as an aircraft and a rocket, and moving a circumferential joint line with a bobbin tool, and further, an end plate like a pressure vessel A device that manufactures a joined structure while restraining cylindrical bodies with restraining means and moving a circumferential joining line with a bobbin tool, and further restraining wavy members between planes or curved surfaces with restraining means. The present invention is applied to an apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure while moving a joining line with a bobbin tool.
[0015]
  According to a first aspect of the present invention, in order to solve a bonding failure caused by a displacement force in the front-rear direction due to rotation of the bobbin tool at a bonding position or a force in a direction away from the horizontal bonding line, the bonding line restraining means includes the bonding line Including a plurality of support portions that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the line, and a connection portion that integrally connects the support portions, and a passage space for the back side shoulder is formed in the connection portion, Preferably, the supporting part is a fixing part formed by any one of screwing, welding, adhesion, fitting, adsorption, and magnetic bonding on the back surface of the joining member, and a restraining jig (hereinafter referred to as a restraining jig) having the fixing part. Are arranged at predetermined intervals along the joining line.AbstractAnd
[0016]
  TakeAbstractIf the U-shaped, V-shaped, and gate-shaped restraining jigs whose open ends are the fixed support portions are arranged so as to straddle the adjacent members along the joining line, In the direction orthogonal to the joint line, the left and right are restrained by the connecting part, and in the front and rear direction, the strength structure between the restraining jigs of the previous stage and the current stage or the current stage and the next stage through a predetermined interval (the fixing position is front and rear and front and rear The displacement in the front-rear direction is also constrained by a plurality of points.
  Moreover, although the restraining jig is fixedly arranged at predetermined intervals along the joining line, there is no problem even in joining because the passage space for the back side shoulder is formed at the connecting portion.
[0017]
  In addition, when the joining member is a magnetic body, it is easy to remove the constraining jig after joining if a fixing portion of either vacuum or electromagnet suction is used as the supporting portion.
  In addition, when the joining member is a non-magnetic material, a fixing portion by any one of screwing, welding, adhesion, fitting, and adsorption may be used. Even if it is configured to be attached and welded, it is on the inner surface side, so there is no need for post-processing, and particularly in the case of screwing or fitting, the internal construction member is attached using a screw hole or fitting recess be able to.
  When the fixing part is an adhesive part, the bonding position of each member is a position separated from the bonding line so that it is below the durable temperature of the adhesive due to a temperature drop due to heat propagation of the frictional heat input of the rotary tool. If set to, problems such as thermal degradation due to friction stir welding can be solved.
  In this case, by setting the durability temperature of the adhesive to be equal to or lower than the softening temperature of the joining member, even when heat is applied to the adhesive surface after joining and the adhesive is peeled off, the joining portion does not deteriorate in strength. .
  For example, in the case of an aluminum alloy, the softening point of friction stir welding is 400 to 600 ° C., whereas in the case of a resin adhesive, the heat durability temperature is around 250 ° C., which meets this requirement.
[0018]
  Next, the arrangement interval of the restraining jig will be described.
  When the joining line is straight or both ends are free endsEven if the rotating tool (bobbin tool) moves along the joining line direction, the circumferential torque of the rotating tool applied to the joining line depends only on the rotating direction, rotational speed and pressing force of the rotating tool (bobbin tool). To fluctuate,The spacing of the restraining jig should be constantYes.
  However,The member joining line isCurve vertexFor example, if it is a wavy curveIn, The joining position isCurve vertexEvery timeOf the toolThe direction in which the rotational torque is applied and the torque itself also change.
  So, for example, in the case of a wave curveCurve vertexAbove orCurve vertexIf the restraining jig is disposed at a position sandwiching the pin, good joining can be performed following the torque fluctuation or torque direction change in the joining line moving direction of the rotary tool.
[0019]
  In addition, when the structure has a reduced diameter, such as a rocket, aircraft, or pressure vessel, and one member has a reduced diameter, such as a taper, dome, or end plate, the following problems may occur. is there. For example, although the interval between the shoulder portions is constant, when the thickness of the bonding material changes, the pressure applied to the bonding portion also changes. In this case, since the surplus portion softened at the joining position is sequentially pushed forward in the joining position, the pressure increases sequentially, leading to an increase in torque of the rotary tool. The force in the direction away from the direction joining line also increases. Therefore, it is preferable to vary the arrangement interval of the restraining jigs or the support force so that the restraining strength is varied in the initial and second half of the joining line in proportion to the increase in the torque.
[0020]
  When there is a further torque increase, the restraining jig comprises a plurality of kinds of restraining means, and the first restraining means restrains and supports the back surface of an adjacent member across the joining line, It includes a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the second restraining means is a temporary attachment of the joining line by welding or joining, and the first restraint corresponds to the joining strength on the joining line. If the restraining means and the second restraining means are selected and provided, better bonding is possible.
[0021]
  Next, there is a problem of restraining means on both the front and back sides.
  Although the restraining jig has mentioned the restraining means located on the back side of the member, when the restraining means is provided on the front surface side, the rotary tool is attached to the machine spindle, so that it is fixedly disposed on the joining member. Have difficulty. Therefore, it is preferable that the surface restraining means located on the member surface is attached to the main shaft side supporting the rotary tool and moved along the joining position.
[0022]
  In a second aspect of the present invention, the restraining jig is configured to be movable along the rotary tool, and the restraining jig includes a plurality of support portions for restraining and supporting the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line. A supporting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, the supporting part is a back side restraint restricting member that moves while rolling or sliding on the back side of the member, and a restraining jig having the restraint restricting member is provided It is configured to be movable so as to face the restraint restricting member located on the member surface side.AbstractAnd
[0023]
  According to such an invention, the supporting portions are not individually pressed as in the prior art, but are integrally restrained and supported by connecting the plurality of supporting portions that restrain and support the back surface of the member at the connecting portions. Therefore, even when the restraining jig moves along the joining line, it can be restrained and supported with an equal pressing force while maintaining a support balance on the left and right or front and rear, the support part is different from the roll of the prior art, Because it is a restraint restricting member that moves while rolling or sliding on the back of the member, in other words, restraint support force sufficient to counter the circumferential torque of the rotating tool in order to restrain and support by the surface rather than by points or lines Have
  And since this invention is comprised so that both the member back surface side and the surface side can face and move, and is restrained by the restraint regulation member, restraint force becomes still stronger.
[0024]
  Specifically, in the case of a manufacturing apparatus for a joining line structure in which the joining line of the member includes a straight line shape, the back side restraint restricting member is restricted in movement in the joining line orthogonal direction along the guide rail via the connecting portion. However, it is configured to be movable in the joining line direction.
[0025]
  As a result, even when there is a change in shaft torque, the restraining jig can be restrained and supported at a constant width interval along the joint line without causing the restraining jig to fluctuate in the direction perpendicular to the joint line or cause shaft runout. Become.
[0026]
  Further, in the case of a manufacturing apparatus for a joined wire structure including an arc shape in which the joining line of the member has an inner circumferential side on the back surface side and an outer circumferential side on the front surface side, the back side restraint restricting member is connected to the center of the member arc via the connecting portion. And is configured to be movable along an arc-shaped joining line while being restricted in movement in the direction orthogonal to the joining line by the rotation of the turning member. And
[0027]
  According to such an invention, since the constraining restriction is concentrically along the joint line on the inner circumference, not only the restraint support at a constant width interval parallel to the joint line is possible, but also the joint line It is possible to restrict the contact in the radial direction to be further away from each other, and it is possible to support restraint with a more uniform pressure.
[0028]
  Furthermore, it is preferable that both ends of the rotating member extend radially from the center of the member arc toward the inner peripheral side, and the back-side restraint restricting member is connected to the extended both ends via a connecting portion. It is good to be.
[0029]
  According to this invention, a pair of restraining jigs can be positioned symmetrically with respect to the cylindrical joining member, and the rotating member can be shared.
  Also in the present invention, the bonding line restraining means is a restraining means located on the back side of the member, and it is preferable that the back surface restraining means be disposed facing the surface restraining means located on the member surface. It is as follows.
[0030]
  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the joining line restraining means is a restraining portion disposed around a rotary tool in order to restrain the adjacent members across the joining line, and the restraining portion is formed by a single member. A cylindrical or ring body in which the restraint jig or the support body is formed concentrically with the back side shoulder, wherein the integral or support body is formed of a single member. It is characterized by being.
[0031]
  According to this invention, not only is the connection part connecting the front side (left side) restraint part and the rear side (right side) restraint part of the rotary tool unnecessary, but the restraint jig is concentric with the back side shoulder. In the case of the formed cylinder or ring, the front and rear, right and left restraint support can be integrally performed with one member, in other words, the front and rear, right and left axially symmetrical restraint support can be performed with one member. Is very advantageous.
[0032]
  In this case, it is preferable that the restraining jig is connected to the rear side shoulder via a rotation preventing mechanism, so that co-rotation can be prevented and smooth restraint support is possible.
  Such an anti-rotation mechanism can be achieved smoothly with a simple mechanism as long as it is a bearing provided on the outer periphery of the shoulder or a pin connection provided on the shoulder shaft center.
[0033]
  Further, the joining line restraining means on the front surface side can be constituted by a bearing disposed on a cylinder or ring circle formed concentrically with the rear shoulder.
[0034]
  The restraining jig is not used only on the back surface side, but is connected to the front side shoulder and the back side shoulder via a rotation prevention mechanism, respectively, and restrains and holds both the front and back sides of the member regardless of the rotation of the shoulder. It is preferable to use a restraining jig.
[0035]
  In this case, the surface-side restraining jig is a slidable surface contact or a point or line contact support force due to rolling of a ball or a ball, while the back-side restraining jig is elastic such as a spring. It is a biasing pressure support force that allows vertical movement using force and fluid pressure.
[0036]
  According to this invention, the mechanical spindle side is a rigid restraint with no position fluctuation, and as a result, a function as a surface plate is provided, while the back side restraint jig provides an elastic force such as a spring and fluid pressure. For example, if the biasing pressure supporting force that allows vertical movement is utilized, even if the thickness of the bonding material fluctuates, it can follow this. In particular, the surface of the bonding material is generally uneven and has a certain thickness. is not. In particular, when the bonding material is long, this change in thickness is significant. Further, even when the thickness of the bonding material is constant, the height of the bonding material surface also changes due to frictional heat during the bonding process. Accordingly, the position of the tool in the joining process can be adjusted according to the change in the unevenness on the surface of the joining material.
[0037]
  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the restraining jig restrains a displacement in the front-rear direction of the joining line between adjacent members across the joining line, so that the front side of the joining position of each member across the rotary tool And a restricting portion located on the rear side, and a connecting portion that integrally connects the front and rear restricting portions, and a movement restricting member that allows movement only along the joining line is provided at the connecting portion. It is characterized by being.
[0038]
  In this case, in the apparatus for manufacturing a joined wire structure in which the joining line of the member includes a linear shape, the movement restricting member is a guide rail configured to be movable in the joining line direction while being restricted in the joining line orthogonal direction. In addition, in the case of a manufacturing apparatus for a joined wire structure including an arc shape in which the joining line of the member has an inner circumferential side on the back side and an outer circumferential side on the front side, the movement restricting member is supported rotatably about the member arc center. The rotating member is configured to be movable along an arc-shaped joining line while being restricted in movement in the direction orthogonal to the joining line by the rotation of the rotating member, and preferably both ends of the rotating member are members. As described above, it is preferably extended radially from the center of the arc toward the inner periphery, and the back-side restraint restricting member is preferably connected to the extended ends via a connecting portion. is there.
[0039]
  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the restraining means has a function of a platen, and the restraining means is on an extension line extending substantially parallel to the joining line of each adjacent member across the joining line. The stepped portion is provided, and the stepped portion is fitted to the fitting portion provided in the supporting portion for supporting the member, the position of the stepped portion being restricted at least in the width direction, and between the fitting portions of the supporting portion. The passage space for the back side shoulder is formed in the space below the member across the joining line.AbstractAnd
[0040]
  According to this invention, it is possible to restrain and support the joining line width direction (left and right direction) using the step on the back surface of the joining member, and the step portion has a surface plate function for directly fixing the joining member. Therefore, the restraint support is rigid and stable. In addition, an independent restraining jig is not required, and a passage space for the back side shoulder is formed in the space below the member between the fitting portions of the support portion with the joining line interposed therebetween. There is no hindrance.
  In this case, the member back side sandwiching the joining line sandwiched between the stepped portions is formed thicker than the outer member thickness, so that the thinning at the time of joining can be compensated from the back side and restraint support in the width direction Is easy.
[0041]
  Further, if the fitting portion provided in the support portion is a pressing force biasing member that clamps the member step portion in the joining line direction from the side surface, even if the joining member is long, it is surely supported in the width direction. it can.
  The pressing force urging member may be a screw fastening member attached to the support portion and having a stepped portion and a fitting portion, but a spring force or a magnetic force may be used.
[0042]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described in the illustrated examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples, unless otherwise specified. Absent.
[0043]
  1A and 1B are views for explaining an apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure of a plurality of members by friction stirring according to the first invention, wherein FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a front sectional view.
  The bobbin tool used in the present invention has a front side shoulder 1 and a back side shoulder 2 having circular shoulder surfaces for applying frictional heat from both the front and back sides of the workpiece (member 4), and the center axis of both circular shoulder surfaces. It consists of a probe shaft 3 that is vertically connected and a machine main shaft 6 on which a front-side shoulder 1 is fitted. For friction stir welding, for example, the rotational speed of the tool is 300 to 1200 rpm, and the feed speed (the moving speed of the tool). Is set to 100 to 1000 mm / min.
[0044]
  In this embodiment, a state in which a plurality of members 4 are abutted along a linear or curved member joining line 5 is constrained.The first kindIn order to perform friction stir welding of the joining line restraining jig 10 and the plurality of members 4 from the front and back sides of the joining line 5, the planar shape is provided with a rotary tool (bobbin tool) having shoulders 1 and 2 on both sides. Alternatively, the present invention is applied to an apparatus for manufacturing a curved joined structure.
  In other words, a rectangular shape is formed from the back side by abutting plates or mold members 4A, 4B extending in the longitudinal direction as in a railway vehicle structure, a ship structure, and a building structure.Junction lineThe present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure while restraining with a restraining jig 10 and moving a joining line 5 with a bobbin tool. The bobbin tool is rotated at the joining position and moved away from the front-rear direction and the left-right joining line. To solve the bonding failure caused by the direction force,The joint lineA restraining jig 10 is a pair of left and right fixed support portions 10A, 10A that restrains and supports the back surfaces of adjacent members 4A, 4B across the joint line 5, and an inverted gate that integrally connects the support portions 10A, 10A. Molded connecting part 10BAnd consists ofIn addition, a passage space 100 for the back side shoulder 2 is formed in the connecting part 10B, and the supporting parts 10A and 10A are screwed to the back side of the member with bolts 11.DoIs the anchoring site, and such portal-shapedJunction lineA plurality of the restraining jigs 10 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the back surface of the bonding member 4 with the bonding lines being sandwiched at predetermined intervals along the bonding lines 5.
[0045]
  According to such embodiments, each open endInFixed support parts 10A, 10AHavePortalJunction lineIf the restraining jig 10 is disposed so as to straddle the adjacent members 4 </ b> A and 4 </ b> B along the joining line 5, a connecting portion is formed in a direction orthogonal to the joining line 5.10BLeft and right, and in the front-rear direction, the previous stage and the current stage or the current stage and the next stage through a predetermined interval.Junction lineStrength structure between restraining jigs 10 and 10 (fixed support portions 10A and 10A10C of adhering site | parts with member 4A, 4B (back surface) which adjoins along the joining line 5 ofAre arranged in a quadrilateral shape on the left and right and front and rear).
  And the aboveJunction lineThe restraining jig 10 is fixedly arranged at predetermined intervals along the joining line 5. However, since the passage space 100 of the back side shoulder 2 is formed at the connecting portion 10B, there is no problem in joining.
  When the joining member 4 is a non-magnetic material, the fixing member is not limited to screwing but may be a fixing part by any one of welding, adhesion, fitting, and adsorption. Even if 10A has a configuration in which the back surface of the joining member 4 is screwed, fitted, and welded and a screw hole, a fitting hole, or the like remains on the back surface, there is no need for post-processing because the joining member 4 is on the inner surface side. In addition, particularly in the case of screwing or fitting, there is an effect that the internal construction member can be attached using a screwing hole or a fitting recess.
[0046]
  FIG. 2 (A)2 shows a second type of joining line restraining jig 12 that restrains a state in which a plurality of members 4 are abutted along the member joining line 5, and in particular, the back surfaces of the adjacent members 4 </ b> A and 4 </ b> B across the joining line 5. 12B is an example of a restraining jig 12 configured to fix the fixing part 12C attached to the pair of left and right fixed support parts 12A to the back of the member with a vacuum suction or electromagnet suction function. It corresponds to 10B of the above-mentioned example at the connecting part.
  FIG. 2B shows a third type of joining line restraining jig 13 that restrains a state in which a plurality of members 4 are butted along the joining line 5, and is adjacent to the joining line 5 in particular. An example of a restraining jig 12 configured to fix an anchoring portion 13C attached to a pair of left and right fixing support portions 13A to have a bonding function in order to restrain and support the back surfaces of the members 4A and 4B to be fixed. , 13B is a connecting portion and corresponds to 10B and 12B in the above-described embodiment.
  And saidThe fixing part 12C is constituted by vacuum adsorption or electromagnet adsorption.Second kind of joint lineThe restraining jig 12 is shown in FIG.To explain based onThe restraining jig 12 is a pair of left and right vacuum suctions or electromagnet suctions that restrains and supports the back surfaces of the adjacent members 4A and 4B across the joining line 5.Fixed site with function12C, 12C, cylindrical base that supports this on the lower surface sideFixed support part consisting of12A, 12A, and theConsisting of fixed support sitesThe cylindrical bases 12A and 12A include a bar-shaped connecting part 12B that integrally connects the bases 12A, and a passage space 100 for the back side shoulder 2 is formed above the connecting part 12B. And takeJunction lineA plurality of the restraining jigs 12 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the back surface of the bonding member 4 with the bonding lines being sandwiched at predetermined intervals along the bonding lines 5.
[0047]
  In the case of the present embodiment, when the joining member 4 is a magnetic body, electromagnet adsorption is good, and when it is a non-magnetic body, vacuum adsorption may be used. It is easy to remove the restraining jig after fixing and joining.
[0048]
  In FIG. 2 (B), the fixed support portion is formed by bonding.Third type joining line restraining jig 13It is sectional drawing for demonstrating.
  Junction lineThe restraining jig 13 is an adhesive surface that restrains and supports the back surfaces of the adjacent members 4A and 4B with the joint line 5 interposed therebetween.Adhering site that functions asCylindrical base with flange which supports this with a lower surface side flange via 13c, 13cFixed support part consisting of13A, 13A, and the cylindrical baseFixed support part consisting ofA bar-shaped connecting portion 13B that integrally connects 13A and 13A is included, and a passage space 100 for the back-side shoulder 2 is formed above the connecting portion 13B. A plurality of the restraining jigs 13 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the bonding line 5 on the back surface of the bonding member 4 with the bonding lines interposed at predetermined intervals.
[0049]
  The fixing part13c, 13cAdhesiveAdhering site usingIn this case, when it is 25 to 50 mm away from the joining line 5, the joining line is such that the heating temperature at that time is lower than the durable temperature of the adhesive due to the temperature drop due to the heat propagation of the frictional heat input of the rotary tool. If the fixing part 13C is set at a position of 20 to 50 mm apart from 5, problems such as thermal deterioration due to friction stir welding can be solved.
  In this case, by setting the durability temperature of the adhesive to be equal to or lower than the softening temperature of the joining member, even when heat is applied to the adhesive surface after joining and the adhesive is peeled off, the joining portion does not deteriorate in strength. .
  For example, in the case of an aluminum alloy, the softening point of friction stir welding is 400 to 600 ° C., whereas in the case of a resin adhesive, the heat durability temperature is around 250 ° C., which meets this requirement.
[0050]
  Next, the arrangement interval of the restraining jig will be described.
  Figure 4Wave shape curve1 shows a friction stir bonded body manufacturing apparatus according to the first invention for bonding corrugated sheets having a cross section, (A) is a front cross-sectional view, and (B) is an outline for arranging restraining means along a bonding line. FIG. The same reference numerals as those in the above embodiments denote the same members.
  A bobbin tool 0 includes a front-side shoulder 1, a back-side shoulder 2, a probe shaft 3, and a mechanical spindle 6 on which the front-side shoulder 1 is fitted. When the joining line 5 of the joining members 4A and 4B is a straight line or both ends are free ends, the circumferential torque applied to the joining line 5 depends on the rotational direction, rotational speed and pressing force of the bobbin tool 0. The arrangement interval of the restraining jigs 10 to 13 shown in FIG. 2 may be constant as shown in FIG. 2C. However, as shown in FIG.Curve vertexFor example, in the case of a wave-shaped curve having 5a,Curve vertex5a(In this example, the maximum and minimum values of the corrugated curve)The direction in which the tool rotation torque is applied to the joining line 5 and the torque itself change whenever the distance exceeds(Curve vertices refer to points indicating the maximum and minimum values or the maximum and minimum values of continuous functions.).
  Therefore, for example, when the joining line 5 is a wave-shaped curveCurve vertexIf the restraining jig 15 is disposed on 5a or at a position sandwiching the curve vertex 5a, it is possible to perform good joining following the torque fluctuation or torque direction change in the joining line moving direction of the bobbin tool 0.
[0051]
  3A and 3B show a friction stir joined body manufacturing apparatus according to the first invention for joining the end plate 21 and the cylindrical container 22, wherein FIG. 3A is a front sectional view, and FIG. 3B is an arrangement of restraining means along the joining line. It is a schematic diagram for doing. The same reference numerals as those in the above embodiments denote the same members.
  In this way, when the joint structure is a rocket, an aircraft, a pressure vessel, one member has a reduced-diameter shape such as a taper, a dome, and an end plate 21, and the other member 22 has a cylindrical shape. There is a problem like this. For example, when the circumferentially endless joining line is circulated like cylinders, the interval between the front-side shoulder 1 and the rear-side shoulder 2 is constant, but the surplus portions softened in the initial stage of joining are sequentially formed. Since the pressure is pushed forward in front of the joining position, the pressure sequentially increases, leading to an increase in torque of the rotating tool, and the displacement force in the front-rear direction due to the rotation of the bobbin tool 0 and the force in the direction away from the joining line in the left-right direction also increase. Therefore, it is preferable to vary the arrangement interval or the supporting force of the restraining jig 14 so that the restraining strength varies in the initial and second half of the joining line in proportion to the increase in the torque.
  Specifically, the arrangement interval is sequentially reduced along the moving direction of the bobbin tool 0. For example, in FIG.₁~ 14₂) B₁> A₁(14₁~ 14₀)
  In FIG. 3B, (14₃~ 14₂) C₂> (14₁~ 14₂) B₂> A₂(14₁~ 14₀).
  Here, B in FIG. ₁ Restraint jig 14 ₁ Restraint jig 14 ₂ Interval to A ₁ Restraint jig 14 ₁ Restraint jig 14 ₀ Each interval is indicated.
  B in FIG. ₂ Restraint jig 14 ₁ Restraint jig 14 ₂ Interval to A ₂ Restraint jig 14 ₁ Restraint jig 14 ₀ Interval to C ₂ Restraint jig 14 ₃ Restraint jig 14 ₂ Each interval is indicated. In the drawing, the restraining jig (14 ₃ ~ 14 ₂ ) C ₂ And restraint jig (14 ₁ ~ 14 ₂ B) ₂ It is drawn as if it were equidistant, but this is because the cylindrical part is seen through from the side, so the length of the curvature part is not considered, and the actual distance considering the length of the curvature part is the center Restraint jig in position (14 ₁ ~ 14 ₂ B) ₂ Therefore, the restraining jig (14 ₃ ~ 14 ₂ ) C ₂ Is longer distance (ie C ₂ > B ₂ ).
[0052]
  When the diameter of the other member 22 is cylindrical, such as a taper, dome, or end plate 21, and when the torque increases as the bobbin tool 0 moves further in the circumferential direction, the mechanical The restraining means 145 temporarily attached by welding or joining the joining lines of the restraining jigs 10 to 14In addition to the portion where the torque is increased, specifically, as shown in FIG. ₁ ~ 14 _2, Mechanical restraint jig 14 ₁ ~ 14 ₀ A combination of the first restraining means and the second restraining means may be used, for example, by providing a restraining means 145 temporarily attached by welding or bonding. In this way, the first restraining means and the second restraining means are combined in response to an increase in the joining strength on the joining line, or one way in response to a reduction in the joining strength on the joining line.If this is selected and provided, better bonding becomes possible.
[0053]
  FIGS. 5A and 5B are views for explaining a manufacturing apparatus for a joined structure of a plurality of members by friction stirring according to the second invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a front sectional view and FIG. 5B is a plan view. The same reference numerals as those in the above embodiments denote the same members.
  In this embodiment, the back side restraining jig is configured to be movable along the bobbin tool 0, and the restraining jig is similar to the prior art (Patent Document 2).Back sideA plurality of rollers 18 are used to restrain and support the back surfaces of the adjacent joining members 4A and 4B across the joining line 5.Back sideRollers 18, 18 and the plurality of rollersBack sideIncluding an H-shaped connecting portion 40 for integrally connecting the rollers 18 and 18,Back sideThe rollers 18 and 18 are restraining restricting members that move while rolling or sliding on the back surfaces of the members 4A and 4B, but are rigidly supported from below by the roller receiving portion 40B of the H-shaped connecting portion 40. In addition, the function as a restraining jig can be achieved smoothly. Also located on the surface side of the joining members 4A, 4BFront sideRoller 19 is also on the back sideBack sideIt is configured to be movable so as to face the roller 18.
  And, in the case of the manufacturing apparatus of the joining line structure in which the joining line 5 of the joining member 4 includes a straight shape as in the present embodiment, the back side rollers 18 and 18 are guide grooves 40A in the center of the H-shaped connecting portion 40. It is configured to be movable in the joining line direction while being restricted in movement in the direction orthogonal to the joining line 5 along the guide rail 43.
[0054]
  According to such an embodiment, the rollers 18 and 18 are not individually pressed as in the prior art, but a plurality of rollers 18 and 18 that restrain and support the back surface of the member are integrally formed with an H-shaped connection portion. 40, and is integrally supported by restraint. Even when the plurality of rollers 18 and 18 move along the joining line 5, they are restrained and supported with equal pressing force while maintaining a support balance on the left and right or front and rear. In order that the plurality of rollers 18, 18 function as a restraining restricting member that moves while rolling or sliding on the back surface of the member, unlike the conventional roll, It has sufficient restraining support force against the circumferential torque of the rotary tool.
  In the present invention, since the plurality of rollers 18 and 18 on the back side of the member and the plurality of rollers 19 and 19 on the front side are configured to face each other and are restrained by the restraining restricting member, the restraining force is further increased. Become strong.
  As a result, even when there is a change in shaft torque, the restraining jig can be restrained and supported at a constant width interval along the joint line without causing the restraining jig to fluctuate in the direction perpendicular to the joint line or cause shaft runout. Become.
[0055]
  FIGS. 6A and 6B are views for explaining a manufacturing apparatus for a joined structure of a plurality of members by friction stirring according to the third invention, wherein FIG. 6A is a front sectional view and FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along line AA. The same reference numerals as those in the above embodiments denote the same members.
  In this embodiment, the restraining jig 16 is a cylinder formed concentrically with the back side shoulder 2 orThe upper and lower sides were reduced in a rounded shape.It is a ring-shaped body, the bearing 26 is interposed therebetween, the rotation is stopped regardless of the rotation of the back side shoulder 2, and the joining around the rotating tool between the adjacent members 4 </ b> A and 4 </ b> B across the joining line 5. The front side, the rear side, and the left and right of the position are integrally restrained.
  On the front side, 17 was formed concentrically with the front shoulder 1.The upper and lower sides were reduced in a rounded shape.It is a cylinder or a circular ring. The bearing 26 is interposed between the two, and the rotation is stopped regardless of the rotation of the shoulder 1, and the bobbin tool 0 and the surroundings between the adjacent members 4A and 4B with the joint line 5 interposed therebetween. The front side, the rear side, and the left and right of the joining position are integrally restrained.
[0056]
  According to this invention, not only is the connection part connecting the front side (left side) restraint part and the rear side (right side) restraint part of the bobbin tool 0 unnecessary, but the restraining jigs 16 and 17 are provided on the back side shoulder. Formed concentrically with 2The upper and lower sides were reduced in a rounded shape.Because it is a cylinder or a circular ring, bobbin tool 0 front and rear and right and left restraint support can be performed integrally with one member, in other words, front and rear and left and right axisymmetric restraint support can be performed with one member. Is very advantageous.
[0057]
  In this case, the restraining jigs 16 and 17 are preferably connected to the shoulders 1 and 2 through a rotation prevention mechanism such as a bearing 26, whereby co-rotation can be prevented and smooth restraint support can be achieved. It becomes possible.
[0058]
  FIG. 9 shows an improved example of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in the above-described embodiments indicate the same members. In this embodiment, the restraining jig is a bearing 160 provided on the upper surface of the ring circle 161 fixed concentrically with the back-side shoulder 2. Since the restraining jig is the bearing 160, the back-side shoulder 2 In addition, the front side, the rear side, and the left and right of the joint position around the bobbin tool 0 between the adjacent members 4A and 4B across the joint line are integrally restrained by rolling according to the rotation of the ring circle 161. I am letting. Further, the ring circle 161 is provided with a spring, air pressure, hydraulic pressure 164, etc. interposed between a flange 162 provided on a shaft suspended from the center of the lower surface of the back side shoulder 2 and the ring circle 161. Further, an urging pressure supporting force that allows vertical movement is provided using hydraulic pressure 164 or the like. Therefore, the ring circle 161 and the outer periphery of the back side shoulder 2 are configured to allow vertical movement by the spline coupling 163.
[0059]
  Also on the front side, the restraining jig is a bearing 170 provided on the lower surface of a ring circle formed concentrically with the surface side shoulder 1, and since the restraining jig is the bearing 170, the surface side shoulder 1 and the ring By rolling and rotating in accordance with the rotation of the circular body 171, the front side, the rear side, and the left and right of the joint position around the bobbin tool 0 between the adjacent members 4A and 4B across the joint line are integrally restrained. Yes.
  As a resultThe surface-side restraining jig is a slidable surface contact or a roller, a point due to rolling of a ball or a line contact support position holding support force, while the back-side restraining jig is an elastic force such as a spring, fluid It becomes a biasing pressure support force that allows vertical movement using pressure.
[0060]
  According to this invention, the restraining jig of the front side shoulder 1 on the machine main spindle 6 side is a rigid restraint without position fluctuation, and as a result, it can have a function as a surface plate, while the back side restraining jig has For example, if the biasing pressure supporting force allows the vertical movement using the elastic force of the spring or the like and the fluid pressure, it can follow even if the thickness of the bonding material varies. In particular, the surface of the bonding material is generally uneven, and does not have a constant thickness. Further, even when the thickness of the bonding material is constant, the height of the bonding material surface also changes due to frictional heat during the bonding process.Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the position of the tool in the joining process can be adjusted according to the change in the irregularities on the surface of the joining material.
[0061]
  FIGS. 7A and 7B are views for explaining a first example and a second example of the apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure of a plurality of members by friction agitation according to the fourth invention. FIGS. (A) is front sectional drawing, (B) is the BB sectional drawing. (C)-(D) shows a 2nd example, (C) is front sectional drawing, (D) is the CC sectional view taken on the line. The same reference numerals as those in the above embodiments denote the same members.
[0062]
  In the first example shown in FIGS. 7A to 7B, the restraining jig 30 restrains the displacement in the front-rear direction of the joining line 5 between the joining members 4 </ b> A and 4 </ b> B adjacent to the joining line 5. In addition, the rollers 18 located on the front side and the rear side of the joining positions of the joining members 4A and 4B with the bobbin tool 0 interposed therebetween.Consist ofThe restraint portion and an H-shaped connecting portion 31 that integrally connects the front and rear restraint portions are provided, and a movement restricting member 33 that allows movement only along the joining line is provided at the connecting portion 31. It has been.
  In this embodiment, the support frame 31b for supporting the roller 19 is provided on the protruding portions 31a on both the left and right sides of the H-shaped connecting portion 31. Further, the movement restricting member 33 has a rectangular frame projecting from the rear shoulder 2. A pin shaft 27 is supported by a bearing 28 via a bearing 28 irrespective of the rotation of the shoulder 2 on the back side, and a tension coil spring 34 is interposed in the quadrant of the rectangular frame.18Is biased in the restraining direction of the members 4A and 4B.
[0063]
  In the second example shown in FIGS. 7C to 7D, the restraining jig 44 restrains the displacement in the front-rear direction of the joining line 5 between the joining members 4 </ b> A and 4 </ b> B adjacent to the joining line 5. In addition, a roller 18-like restraining portion located on the front side and the rear side of the joining position of each joining member 4A, 4B across the bobbin tool 0 is integrally formed between the front side and the rear restraint portion. The connecting rail 41 is provided with a guide rail 43 as a movement restricting member that is allowed to move only along the joining line 5. 5 is configured to be movable in synchronization with the bobbin tool 0 along the guide groove 40 </ b> A along the line 5. The roller 18 is a restraint restricting member that moves while rolling or sliding on the back surfaces of the joining members 4A and 4B. The roller 18 is rigidly supported from below by a roller receiving portion 40B of an H-shaped restraining jig 44. Therefore, the function as a restraining jig can be achieved smoothly.
[0064]
  FIG. 8 shows an apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure for joining circumferential joining lines of cylindrical members by friction stirring according to the fourth invention.FigureFurther, in order for the restraining jig 30 to restrain the displacement in the longitudinal direction of the joining line on the inner circumference side of the circumferential joining member 45, the joining positions of the joining members 45, 45 with the bobbin tool 0 interposed therebetween. The rollers 18 located on the front side and the rear sideConsist ofIn addition to the restraining portion and the H-shaped connecting portion 50A that integrally connects the front-side and rear-side restraining portions, the restraining jig 30 including the roller 18 and the connecting portion 50B is also symmetrical at a 180 ° symmetrical position. A movement restricting member that is disposed and allows movement only along the joining line to the connection parts 50A and 50B is formed by a rotating member 51 that is rotatably supported by the member inner peripheral center 52, The rotary member 51 is configured to be movable along an arc-shaped joint line while being restricted in the direction orthogonal to the joint line by the rotation of the rotary member 51. Preferably, both ends of the rotary member 51 are directed from the center of the member arc toward the inner peripheral side. It extends in the radial direction, and the back side restraint restricting members (rollers 18, 18) are connected to the extended ends via connecting portions 50 </ b> A, 50 </ b> B.
[0065]
  According to such an embodiment, the restraining jig 30 can rotate and restrain at the 180 ° symmetrical position while being restrained and supported concentrically along the joining line on the inner circumference. Therefore, not only restraint support at a constant width interval parallel to the joining line is possible,Of the rotating member 51 in the direction orthogonal to the joining line.The restriction in the radial direction is also possible, and the restraint support with a more uniform pressure is possible.
[0066]
  Furthermore, both ends of the rotating member 51 are extended in the radial direction from the center of the member arc toward the inner peripheral side, and the back side restraint restriction is applied to the extended both ends via connecting portions 50A and 50B. Since the rollers 19 are connected, the pair of restraining jigs 30 can be positioned symmetrically with respect to the cylindrical joining member 45, and the rotation member 51 can be shared.
[0067]
  FIG. 10 is a view for explaining a first example and a second example showing a manufacturing apparatus for a joined structure of a plurality of members by friction stirrer according to the fifth invention, (A) is a basic configuration diagram, B) shows an application diagram.
  In (A) of the present embodiment, the restraining means has a surface plate function, and the restraining means is substantially parallel to the joining lines of the respective joining members 4A and 4B adjacent to each other across the joining line. A stepped portion 04 provided on the extended line, and the stepped portion 04 is positioned at least in the width direction on the fitting portion 61 provided on the support portion 65 (surface plate) that supports the joining members 4A and 4B. While being regulated and fitted, a passage space 60 for the back side shoulder is formed in the space below the joining members 4A, 4B between the fitting parts 61-61 of the support part 65 with the joining line interposed therebetween. .
[0068]
  According to this embodiment, the stepped portion 04 on the back surface of the bonding member can be used to restrain and support the bonding line width direction (left and right direction), and the stepped portion 04 can be used to directly fix the bonding members 4A and 4B. Since it is directly fitted to the fitting part 61 provided on the support part 65 having a plate function, the restraint support is rigid and stable. In addition, an independent restraining jig is unnecessary, and the passage space 60 of the back side shoulder 2 is formed in the member lower space between the fitting portions 61-61 of the support portion 65 with the joining line interposed therebetween. There is no problem in performing the joining operation.
  In this case, the members 4A and 4B on the back side sandwiching the joining line sandwiched between the stepped portions 04 are formed thicker than the outer member thickness, so that the thickness reduction at the time of joining can be compensated from the back side. It is easy to restrain and support the direction.
[0069]
  An application example of the fifth invention shown in FIG. 10 (B) uses a gate-type support frame 70 as the restraining means, and the restraining means has each of the joining members 4A adjacent to each other across the joining line. A stepped portion 04 provided on an extended line extending substantially parallel to the joint line of 4B and the upper surface of the support frame 70 support the joint members 4A and 4B, and an L-shaped fitting provided on the support frame 70. In the joint portions 71 and 71, the stepped portion 04 is fitted in a position-restricted position in the width direction, and in a member lower space between the fitting portions 71-71 of the support frame 70 with a joining line interposed therebetween, A passage space 60 for the back side shoulder 2 is formed.
[0070]
  Furthermore, an L-shaped fitting portion 71 provided on the support frame 70 isFitting portions 61 and 61 located on both sides in the width direction of the member stepped portion 04.If the pressing force urging member 72 is clamped in the joining line direction by the screw shaft 72a from the side surface, even if the joining member is long, it can be surely restrained and supported in the width direction.
  The pressing force urging member 72 is attached to the support frame 70,The fitting part61, 61 is preferably composed of a screw fastening member 71a having an L-shaped fitting portion 71 that fits into the L-shaped fitting portion 71. However, as shown in FIG. And the surface of the joining members 4A and 4B may use the spring force of the spring 63, or may use magnetic force.
【The invention's effect】
[0071]
  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to solve various problems caused by the displacement force in the front-rear direction caused by the rotation of the bobbin tool or the force in the direction away from the joining line in the left-right direction of the joining position. Can be joined.
  In particular, according to the first invention, unlike the restraining means using rollers shown in the prior art, the front and rear stages are constrained by the connecting portion in the direction orthogonal to the joining line, and the front stage and the current stage or the rear stage are spaced apart in the front-rear direction. The displacement in the front-rear direction is also restrained by the strength structure between the current-stage and the next-stage restraining jigs (fixed positions are a plurality of points on the left and right sides).
  Moreover, although the restraining jig is fixedly arranged at predetermined intervals along the joining line, there is no problem in joining because the passage space for the rear side shoulder is formed at the connecting portion.
[0072]
  According to the second and fourth inventions, the rollers are not individually pressed as in the prior art, but a plurality of support portions that restrain and support the back surface of the member are connected at the connection portions. Since the restraint support is integrally performed, even when the restraint jig moves along the joining line, it can be restrained and supported with an equal pressing force while maintaining a support balance on the left and right or front and back. Unlike conventional rolls, it is a restraining restricting member that moves while rolling or sliding on the back of the member.In other words, it is constrained and supported by a surface rather than a point or line, so it counters the circumferential torque of a rotating tool. And sufficient restraint support force.
[0073]
  According to the third aspect of the present invention, not only is the connection part connecting the front side (left side) restraint part and the rear side (right side) restraint part of the rotary tool unnecessary, but the restraining jig is concentric with the back side shoulder. In the case of a cylindrical or ring circle formed in the shape, the front and rear, right and left restraint support can be integrally performed with one member, in other words, the front and rear, right and left axially symmetrical restraint support is performed with one member. Can be very advantageous.
[0074]
  According to the fifth invention, it is possible to restrain and support the joining line width direction (left and right direction) using the step on the back surface of the joining member, and the step portion has a surface plate function for directly fixing the joining member. Since it is directly fitted to the fitting part provided in the support part, the restraint support is rigid and stable. In addition, an independent restraining jig is not required, and a passage space for the back side shoulder is formed in the space below the member between the fitting portions of the support portion with the joining line interposed therebetween. There is no hindrance. Has various chopsticks effects.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIGS. 1A and 1B are views for explaining an apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure of a plurality of members by friction agitation according to the first invention, wherein FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a front sectional view;
FIG. 2A is an example in which the fixed support part is configured by vacuum adsorption or electromagnet adsorption, FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view for explaining an example in which the fixed support part is configured by adhesion, and FIG. It is the schematic for arrange | positioning along a joining line.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show an apparatus for manufacturing a friction stir joined body according to the first invention for joining an end plate and a cylindrical container, wherein FIG. 3A is a front sectional view, and FIG. 3B is an arrangement of restraining means along a joining line; FIG.
FIGS. 4A and 4B show a friction stir bonded body manufacturing apparatus according to the first invention for bonding corrugated plates having curved vertices, wherein FIG. 4A is a front sectional view, and FIG. FIG.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are views for explaining an apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure of multi-row members by friction agitation according to the second invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a front sectional view and FIG. 5B is a plan view;
6A and 6B are diagrams for explaining a manufacturing apparatus for a joined structure of a plurality of members by friction stirrer according to the third invention, wherein FIG. 6A is a front sectional view and FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along line AA.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are views for explaining a first example and a second example showing a manufacturing apparatus for a joined structure of a plurality of members by friction stirrer according to the fourth invention, wherein FIGS. (A) is front sectional drawing, (B) is the AA sectional view taken on the line. (C)-(D) shows a 2nd example, (C) is front sectional drawing, (D) is the AA sectional view.
FIG. 8 shows an apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure for joining circumferential joining lines of cylindrical members by friction stirring according to a fourth invention.
FIGS. 9A and 9B are views for explaining a first example and a second example of the apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure of multi-row members by friction stirrer according to the fourth invention. FIGS. (A) is front sectional drawing, (B) is the AA sectional view taken on the line. (C)-(D) show a 2nd example, (A) is a front sectional view, and (B) is the AA line sectional view.
FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams for explaining a first example and a second example of the apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure of a plurality of members by friction agitation according to the fifth invention, wherein FIG. 10A is a basic configuration diagram; FIG. ) Shows an application diagram.
  It is a figure for demonstrating the other example of manufacture of the conjugate | zygote of the multi-row member by the conventional friction stirring.
[Explanation of symbols]
  1 Surface shoulder
  2 Back side shoulder
  3 Probe shaft
  4(4A, 4B)    Joining member
  5 Joining line
  5aCurve vertex
  6 Machine spindle
  10-17 Restraint jig
  10A, 12A, 13A    Fixed support area
  10C, 12C,13C fixing part
  18 Back side roller
  19 Front roller
  10B, 12B, 13B, 31,40, 50A, 50B Connection site
  43 Guide rail
  51 Rotating member
  60, 100 Back side shoulder passage space
  04, Stepped part
  61, 71    Fitting portion

Claims (29)

複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、
前記支持部位が接合部材裏面に螺着、溶着、接着、嵌着、吸着、磁着のいずれかをされてなる固着部位であり、該固着部位を有する接合線拘束手段が、接合線に沿って所定間隔毎に複数個配設され、更に前記接合部材が、磁性体の場合に、前記支持部位が真空若しくは電磁石吸引のいずれかによる固着部位であることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。 A plurality of members, and the bonding wire restraining means for restraining the abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, to friction stir welding from the front and back surfaces side of the joining line of the plurality of members, the front and back sides In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. A passage space is formed ,
The supporting part is a fixing part formed by any of screwing, welding, adhesion, fitting, adsorption, and magnetic bonding on the back surface of the joining member, and a joining line restraining means having the fixing part is provided along the joining line. In the case where a plurality of members are arranged at predetermined intervals, and the joining member is a magnetic body, the support part is a fixed part by either vacuum or electromagnet suction, and manufacturing a joined structure by friction stirring apparatus. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、
前記支持部位が接合部材裏面に螺着、溶着、接着、嵌着、吸着、磁着のいずれかをされてなる固着部位であり、該固着部位を有する接合線拘束手段が、接合線に沿って所定間隔毎に複数個配設され、更に前記固着部位が接着部位である場合に、各部材の接着位置は、回転工具の摩擦入熱の熱伝搬による温度降下により、接着剤の耐久温度以下になっているように接合線より離隔した位置に設定されている摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. A passage space is formed,
The supporting part is a fixing part formed by any of screwing, welding, adhesion, fitting, adsorption, and magnetic bonding on the back surface of the joining member, and a joining line restraining means having the fixing part is provided along the joining line. When a plurality of fixed intervals are provided and the fixing part is an adhesive part, the bonding position of each member is lowered below the durable temperature of the adhesive due to a temperature drop due to heat propagation of frictional heat input of the rotary tool. The manufacturing apparatus of the joining structure by friction stirring which is set in the position away from the joining line so that it may become . 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、前記部材接合線が連続関数の最大値及び最小値若しくは極大値及び極小値を示す点（以下曲線頂点という）を有する曲線である場合に、曲線頂点上若しくは曲線頂点を挟んだ位置に前記接合線拘束手段が配設されていることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. And the member joint line is a curve having points indicating the maximum value and the minimum value or the maximum value and the minimum value of the continuous function (hereinafter referred to as a curve vertex). apparatus for manufacturing a bonding structure according to that friction stir characterized in that the joining lines restraining means in a position across the curve vertices are disposed. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、前記構体がロケット、航空機、圧力容器のように一の部材が、テーパ、ドーム、鏡板のように、縮径形状であり、他の部材が円筒形状である場合に接合開始からの時間経過による初期と後半で、拘束強度を異ならせるように、接合線拘束手段の配設間隔、若しくは支持力を異ならせたことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. The structure is formed of one member such as a rocket, aircraft, or pressure vessel with a reduced diameter, such as a taper, dome, or end plate, and the other member is cylindrical. the initial and latter over time from start of joining the case, so that different constraint intensity, disposition intervals or you characterized by having different supporting force friction bonding structure according to stir, the bonding wire restraining means Manufacturing equipment. 前記接合線拘束手段が複数種の拘束手段よりなり、第１の拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含むものであり、第２の拘束手段が接合線を溶着若しくは接合にて仮付けされたものであり、最終的な接合状態における接合線上の一部分毎の接合強度に対応させて第１の拘束手段と第２の拘束手段を選択して設けたことを特徴とする請求項１若しくは２記載の摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。The joining line restraining means comprises a plurality of kinds of restraining means, and the first restraining means integrally integrates a plurality of support portions for restraining and supporting the back surface of an adjacent member across the joining line. It includes a connecting portion to be connected, and the second restraining means is a temporary attachment of the bonding line by welding or bonding , corresponding to the bonding strength of each part on the bonding line in the final bonded state. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure by friction stirring according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first restraining means and the second restraining means are selected and provided. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、
前記支持部位が接合部材裏面に螺着、溶着、接着、嵌着、吸着、磁着のいずれかをされてなる固着部位であり、該固着部位を有する接合線拘束手段が、接合線に沿って所定間隔毎に複数個配設され、更に前記固着部位が接着部位である場合に、接着剤の耐久温度は、接合部材の軟化温度以下に設定されていることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. A passage space is formed,
The supporting part is a fixing part formed by any of screwing, welding, adhesion, fitting, adsorption, and magnetic bonding on the back surface of the joining member, and a joining line restraining means having the fixing part is provided along the joining line. is plural arranged at predetermined intervals, when further the adhesions are adhesion sites, endurance temperature of the adhesive, by friction stir you wherein it is set to below the softening temperature of the joining members Joined structure manufacturing equipment. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、前記接合線拘束手段が部材裏面側に位置する拘束手段であり、部材表面に位置する表面拘束手段が回転工具を支持する主軸側に取り付けられていることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. with passage space is formed of a restraining means for the bonding wire restraining means located on the member back side, that the surface restraint means located on the component surface mounted on the spindle side for supporting the rotating tool apparatus for manufacturing a bonding structure by friction stir you characterized. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記支持部位が部材裏面を転動若しくは摺動しながら移動する裏面側拘束規制部材であり、該拘束規制部材を有する接合線拘束手段が、部材表面側に位置する拘束規制部材と対面して移動可能に構成されているとともに、前記部材の接合線が直線状を含む接合線構体の製造装置において、
前記裏面側拘束規制部材が連結部位を介してガイドレールに沿って接合線直交方向に移動規制されながら接合線方向に移動可能に構成されていることを特徴とする接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joint line restraining means includes a plurality of support parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joint line, and a connection part that integrally connects the support parts, and It is a back side restraint restricting member that moves while rolling or sliding, and the joining line restraining means having the restraint restricting member is configured to be movable so as to face the restraint restricting member located on the member surface side. In the manufacturing apparatus of the joint line structure, the joint line of the member includes a straight line,
Apparatus for manufacturing a junction structure you characterized in that the back-side restraining regulating member is movable in the joint line direction while being moved restricted to the joining line orthogonal direction along the guide rail via the connecting site. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなり、前記部材の接合線が裏面側が内周側で、表面側が外周側である円弧状を含む接合線構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記支持部位が部材裏面を転動若しくは摺動しながら移動する裏面側拘束規制部材であり、該拘束規制部材を有する接合線拘束手段が、部材表面側に位置する拘束規制部材と対面して移動可能に構成されているとともに、前記裏面側拘束規制部材が連結部位を介して、部材円弧中心に回動可能に支持されている回動部材に取り付けられ、該回動部材の回転により接合線直交方向に移動規制されながら円弧状の接合線に沿って移動可能に構成されていることを特徴とする接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of the joining line structure , comprising a rotating tool having a shoulder respectively, the joining line of the member includes an arc shape whose back side is the inner peripheral side and the front side is the outer peripheral side,
The joint line restraining means includes a plurality of support parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joint line, and a connection part that integrally connects the support parts, and It is a back side restraint restricting member that moves while rolling or sliding, and the joining line restraining means having the restraint restricting member is configured to be movable so as to face the restraint restricting member located on the member surface side. The back-side restraint restricting member is attached to a rotating member that is rotatably supported at the center of the arc of the member via the connecting portion, and is circularly controlled to move in the direction orthogonal to the joining line by the rotation of the rotating member. apparatus for manufacturing a junction structure you characterized in that it is movable along an arcuate line of joinder. 前記回動部材の両端が部材円弧中心より内周側に向けて半径方向に延在されており、該延在された両端に連結部位を介して前記裏面側拘束規制部材が連結されていることを特徴とする請求項９記載の摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。Both ends of the rotating member are extended in the radial direction from the center of the member arc toward the inner peripheral side, and the back side restraint restricting member is connected to the extended both ends via a connecting portion. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure by friction stirring according to claim 9 . 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、前記接合線拘束手段が部材裏面側に位置する拘束手段であり、該裏面拘束手段が部材表面に位置する表面拘束手段と対面して配置されていることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. Pass space is formed, the joining line restraining means is a restraining means located on the back side of the member, and the back restraining means is arranged facing the surface restraining means located on the member surface. apparatus for manufacturing a bonding structure by friction stir you characterized. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材を接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材間を拘束するために、回転工具の周囲に配置された拘束部であって、該拘束部が一の部材により一体的若しくは拘束部の支持体が一の部材で形成されていることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。 In order to perform friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both the front and back sides of the joining line, the joining line restraining means for restraining a state in which the linear or curved member is abutted along the joining line, In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder on each side,
The joining line restraining means is a restraining part arranged around a rotary tool so as to restrain between adjacent members across the joining line, and the restraining part is integrated or restrained by one member. An apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure by friction stirring, wherein the support is formed of a single member. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、前記接合線拘束手段が、回転防止機構を介して裏面側ショルダに連結されていることを特徴とする接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. along with passage space is formed, the bonding wire restraining means, apparatus for producing a junction structure you characterized in that it is connected on the back side shoulder via an anti-rotation mechanism. 前記接合線拘束手段が、回転防止機構を介して裏面側ショルダに連結されていることを特徴とする請求項１２記載の接合構体の製造装置。13. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure according to claim 12, wherein the joining line restraining means is connected to a rear shoulder via an anti-rotation mechanism. 前記接合線拘束手段若しくは支持体が、裏面側ショルダと同心状に形成された円筒若しくはリング円体である請求項１３若しくは１４記載の接合構体の製造装置。15. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the joining line restraining means or the support body is a cylinder or a ring circle formed concentrically with the back side shoulder. 前記回転防止機構がショルダ外周に設けた軸受若しくはショルダ軸心上に設けたピン結合であることを特徴とする請求項１４記載の接合構体の製造装置。15. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure according to claim 14, wherein the rotation preventing mechanism is a bearing provided on an outer periphery of a shoulder or a pin connection provided on a shoulder shaft center. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、前記接合線拘束手段が、表面側ショルダと裏面側ショルダに夫々回転防止機構を介して連結され、ショルダの回転と無関係に部材表裏両面側を拘束保持している一対の拘束治具であることを特徴とする接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. The joint line restraining means is connected to the front side shoulder and the back side shoulder via a rotation prevention mechanism, respectively, and restrains and holds both the front and back sides of the member regardless of the rotation of the shoulder. apparatus for manufacturing a junction structure you being a pair of restraining jigs are. 前記接合線拘束手段が、表面側ショルダと裏面側ショルダに夫々回転防止機構を介して連結され、ショルダの回転と無関係に部材表裏両面側を拘束保持している一対の拘束治具であることを特徴とする請求項１２記載の接合構体の製造装置。The joining line restraining means is a pair of restraining jigs that are connected to the front side shoulder and the back side shoulder via a rotation prevention mechanism, respectively, and restrain and hold both the front and back sides of the member regardless of the rotation of the shoulder. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure according to claim 12, wherein: 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦 攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、表面側の前記接合線拘束手段が摺動可能な面接触若しくはローラ、球の転動による点若しくは線接触支持の位置保持支持力であり、一方裏面側の接合線拘束手段が、バネ等の弾性力、流体圧を利用して上下動を許容する付勢圧支持力であることを特徴とする接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. along with passage space is formed, the bonding wire restraining means slidable surface contact or roller surface side, a position holding the supporting force of a point or line contact support by rolling of the sphere, whereas on the back side bonding wire restraining means, elastic force of a spring or the like, apparatus for producing a junction structure you being a biasing pressure supporting force that allows the vertical movement by utilizing fluid pressure. 表面側の前記接合線拘束手段が摺動可能な面接触若しくはローラ、球の転動による点若しくは線接触支持の位置保持支持力であり、一方裏面側の接合線拘束手段が、バネ等の弾性力、流体圧を利用して上下動を許容する付勢圧支持力であることを特徴とする請求項１２記載の接合構体の製造装置。The contact line restraining means on the front side is a slidable surface contact or a point by the rolling of a ball or a ball, or a position holding support force of the line contact support, while the joining line restraining means on the back side is elastic such as a spring. 13. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure according to claim 12, wherein the apparatus is an urging pressure supporting force that allows vertical movement using force and fluid pressure. 複数の部材を、直線状若しくは曲線状の部材接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材の裏面を拘束支持する複数の支持部位と、該支持部位間を一体的に連結する連結部位を含み、前記連結部位に裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、表面側の前記接合線拘束手段が裏面側ショルダと同心状に形成された円筒若しくはリング円体上に配設されたベアリングであることを特徴とする接合構体の製造装置。 Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are abutted along a straight or curved member joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joining line restraining means includes a plurality of supporting parts that restrain and support the back surfaces of adjacent members across the joining line, and a connecting part that integrally connects the supporting parts, and the back side shoulder is connected to the connecting part. with passage space is formed, you characterized in that the joining lines restraint surface side is bearing disposed on the back side shoulder and concentrically formed in a cylindrical or ring circle on body contact of the Combined body manufacturing equipment. 表面側の前記接合線拘束手段が裏面側ショルダと同心状に形成された円筒若しくはリング円体上に配設されたベアリングであることを特徴とする請求項１２記載の接合構体の製造装置。13. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure according to claim 12, wherein the joining line restraining means on the front side is a bearing disposed on a cylinder or a ring circle formed concentrically with the back side shoulder. 複数本の接合部材を直線状若しくは曲線状の部材を接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する部材間の接合線前後方向のずれを拘束するために、回転工具を挟んで夫々の部材の接合位置の、前方側と後方側に位置する拘束部と、該前方側と後方側の拘束部間を一体的に連結する連結部位からなり、前記連結部位に接合線に沿ってのみ移動を許容する移動規制部材が設けられていることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。In order to perform friction stir welding of the plurality of members from the front and back both sides of the joining line, the joining line restraining means for restraining the state in which the linear or curved members are butted together along the joining line, In a manufacturing apparatus for a planar or curved joint structure comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder on each of the front and back sides,
The joining line restraining means is located on the front side and the rear side of the joining positions of the respective members with the rotary tool interposed therebetween in order to restrain the displacement in the front-rear direction of the joining line between the adjacent members across the joining line. And a connecting part that integrally connects the front side and the rear side restricting part, and the connecting part is provided with a movement restricting member that allows movement only along the joining line. A device for manufacturing a bonded structure by friction stirring. 前記接合部材の接合線が直線状を含む接合線構体の製造装置において、前記移動規制部材が接合線直交方向に移動規制されながら接合線方向に移動可能に構成されているガイドレールであることを特徴とする請求項２３記載の接合構体の製造装置。In the apparatus for manufacturing a joined wire structure in which the joining line of the joining member includes a straight line shape, the movement restricting member is a guide rail configured to be movable in the joining line direction while being restricted in movement in the joining line orthogonal direction. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure according to claim 23 . 前記接合部材の接合線が裏面側が内周側で、表面側が外周側である円弧状を含む接合線構体の製造装置において、前記移動規制部材が、部材円弧中心に回動可能に支持されている回動部材であって、該回動部材の回転により接合線直交方向に移動規制されながら円弧状の接合線に沿って移動可能に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項２３記載の接合構体の製造装置。In the manufacturing apparatus of the joined wire structure including an arc shape in which the joining line of the joining member has an inner peripheral side on the back surface side and an outer peripheral side on the front surface side, the movement restricting member is rotatably supported around the member arc center. 24. A joint structure according to claim 23 , wherein the joint structure is configured to be movable along an arcuate joint line while being restricted in movement in the direction orthogonal to the joint line by the rotation of the pivot member. Manufacturing equipment. 前記回動部材の両端が部材円弧中心より内周側に向けて半径方向に延在されており、該延在された両端に連結部位を介して前記裏面側拘束規制部材が連結されていることを特徴とする請求項２５記載の摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。Both ends of the rotating member are extended in the radial direction from the center of the member arc toward the inner peripheral side, and the back side restraint restricting member is connected to the extended both ends via a connecting portion. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure by friction stirring according to claim 25 . 複数の部材を直線状若しくは曲線状の部材を接合線に沿って突き合わせた状態を拘束する接合線拘束手段と、前記複数の部材を接合線の表裏両面側より摩擦攪拌接合するために、表裏両側にそれぞれショルダを有する回転工具を備えてなる、平面状若しくは曲面状の接合構体の製造装置において、
前記接合線拘束手段が、前記接合線を挟んで隣接する夫々の部材の接合線とほぼ平行に延在する延在線上に設けた段差部であり、前記部材を支持させる支持部に設けた嵌合部に、該段差部が少なくとも幅方向に位置規制されて嵌合しているとともに、前記支持部の嵌合部間の、接合線を挟んだ部材下方空間に、裏面側ショルダの通過空間が形成されているとともに、前記押圧力付勢部材が、支持部に取り付けられ段差部と嵌合部位を有するねじ締め付け部材であることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。Bonding line restraining means for restraining a state in which a plurality of members are linearly or curvedly abutted along the joining line, and both sides of the front and back sides for friction stir welding of the plurality of members from both sides of the joining line In the manufacturing apparatus of a planar or curved joint structure, each comprising a rotary tool having a shoulder,
The joint line restraining means is a step provided on an extended line extending substantially parallel to the joint line of each member adjacent to the joint line, and the fitting provided on the support part for supporting the member. The stepped portion is fitted to the joint portion at least in the width direction, and a passage space for the back side shoulder is provided in the space below the member between the fitting portions of the support portion with the joining line interposed therebetween. An apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure by friction stir , wherein the pressing force urging member is a screw fastening member attached to a support portion and having a step portion and a fitting portion . 前記段差部に挟まれる接合線を挟んだ部材裏面側がその外側の部材厚みより厚肉に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項２７記載の摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。28. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure by friction stirring according to claim 27, wherein a member back surface sandwiching a joining line sandwiched between the stepped portions is formed thicker than a member thickness outside the member. 前記支持部に設けた嵌合部が、部材段差部を側面より接合線方向に挟圧する押圧力付勢部材であることを特徴とする請求項２７記載の摩擦攪拌による接合構体の製造装置。28. The apparatus for manufacturing a joined structure by friction stirring according to claim 27, wherein the fitting portion provided in the support portion is a pressing force urging member that clamps the member step portion from the side surface in the joining line direction.

Images