JP3692894B2 - How to introduce outside air into tunnel tunnels - Google Patents

How to introduce outside air into tunnel tunnels Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3692894B2
JP3692894B2 JP2000058528A JP2000058528A JP3692894B2 JP 3692894 B2 JP3692894 B2 JP 3692894B2 JP 2000058528 A JP2000058528 A JP 2000058528A JP 2000058528 A JP2000058528 A JP 2000058528A JP 3692894 B2 JP3692894 B2 JP 3692894B2
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Prior art keywords
air
building
tunnel
outside air
branch pipe
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JP2000058528A
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JP2001248400A (en
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良夫 石橋
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Obayashi Corp
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Obayashi Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建設中のトンネル坑内に仮設される坑内休憩所の建物内外に外気を導入するためのトンネル坑内への外気導入方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
建設中のトンネル坑内において、作業員が一時的に休憩を取る場合は、トンネル内を移動して坑外の休憩所に行くか、坑内の適宜な場所を選んで休憩を取るか、坑内に仮設された休憩所あるいは休憩室がある場合にはそこで休憩を取るようにしている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上の休憩方法のうち、トンネル坑内は粉塵濃度が高く、空気環境が劣悪であるため、坑外休憩が最も理想的である。しかしながら、トンネルの掘削がある程度まで進捗しており、作業車が頻繁に往復していない場合には、坑外への移動は徒歩に頼らざるを得ず、現場と坑外との往復に時間がかかり工期の遅れにつながるため、現実的には就労時間内で坑外休憩を取ることは難しい。
【0004】
これに対し、一般にトンネル内は前記のごとく粉塵濃度が高く、休憩中であっても防塵マスクを取り外すことは出来ず、くつろいだ状態とはなれないため、本来の意味での休憩とはならない。
【0005】
なお、従来の休憩所あるいは休憩室は、現実には名ばかりのもので、実際には、坑内に簡単な仕切りで隔離された小屋内に腰掛程度のものが用意されている程度の建物であって、休憩所内であっても坑内と同様の雰囲気にさらされており、この場所を休憩場に使用するとしても、前記と同様に防塵マスクをしたままそこにとどまらざるを得なかった。
【0006】
本発明は、以上の課題を解決するものであって、トンネル坑内に仮設される坑内休憩所の内部を、トンネル坑内から完全に遮断することができて清浄な雰囲気に保つことができ、防塵マスク等を外して休憩できるほか、十分な快適性が得られる休憩所とすることができるトンネル坑内への外気導入方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的達成するため、本発明は、トンネル坑内の適宜位置に気密状態で仮設される建物の内外に外気を導入するためのトンネル坑内への外気導入方法であって、前記トンネル坑内に、トンネル坑外からトンネルの先端部に至る外気導入管を配管し、該外気導入管に複数の分岐管を接続し、該複数の分岐管のうちの第一の分岐管を前記建物内に、第二の分岐管を前記建物の出入口に、第三の分岐管を前記建物外にそれぞれ導き、前記第一の分岐管を介して建物内に外気を常時導いて、建物内の圧力をトンネル坑内の圧力よりも高く設定し、前記第二の分岐管を介して建物の出入口に外気を導いて、建物の出入口にエアカーテンを形成可能とし、前記第三の分岐管の先端部に少なくとも一つのエアガンを取り付けて、該エアガンを介して圧力空気を噴出可能としたことを特徴とする。
【0008】
本発明によるトンネル坑内への外気導入方法によれば、外気導入管から、複数の分岐管のうちの第一の分岐管を介して建物内に常時清浄な外気を供給し続けることができるので、休憩所内を常時清浄な雰囲気に保つことができる。
また、外気導入管から、複数の分岐管のうちの第二の分岐管を介して建物の出入口に外気を供給することにより、建物の出入口にエアカーテンを形成することができるので、休憩所の内外を空気的に遮断することができ、休憩所内にトンネル坑内の空気が流入するのを防止でき、休憩所内を清浄な状態に保つことができる。
さらに、建物の内部の圧力をトンネル坑内の圧力よりも高く設定しているので、トンネル坑内の空気が建物の内部に流入するのを防止できる。
さらに、外気導入管から、複数の分岐管のうちの第三の分岐管を介して建物の外部に外気を供給することができ、この第三の分岐管には少なくとも一つのエアガンが接続されているので、このエアガンから圧力空気を噴出させることにより、作業員の着衣に付着した粉塵を吹き飛ばすことができ、作業員を介して休憩所内に粉塵が入るのを防止でき、休憩所内を清浄な状態に保つことができる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好ましい実施の形態につき、添付図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
図1、2には、本発明に係るトンネル坑内への外気導入方法を適用したトンネル施工現場が示されている。図において、切羽1aに向けて掘削することにより形成されるトンネル坑1内の側壁には、トンネル坑1外よりトンネル先端部(切羽1a)に至る外気導入用の幹線空気管2が配管され、図示しないエアポンプなどにより定常的に清浄な外気が図中で白抜き矢印方向に流入している。
【0011】
トンネル坑1内の適宜位置であって、幹線空気管2の直下には、休憩所3が仮設されている。なお、この休憩所3は掘削現場近くに順次移設されるか、あるいは、それぞれの休憩所3を残置したまま工事進捗に伴いトンネル坑1内の長手方向に沿って適宜間隔で順次増設しても良い。
【0012】
この休憩所3は、仮設建物であって、矩形状の建物の壁面開口部に窓4、出入り用のドア5を設けたものであり、通常のプレハブ建物よりも、パネル間接合部及び開口部などを目張りすることで、高気密性を保つことが好ましい。
【0013】
そして、幹線空気管2よりエルボ管6を介して分岐された3本の分岐管7,8,9が休憩所3に向けて垂直に配管されている。
【0014】
第一の分岐管7の先端は休憩所3の壁面を貫通し、その内部に配置された送風口10に連通している。従って、休憩所3内には常時清浄な外気が供給され続けることになる。なお、送風口10には図示しない流量調整用ダンパ、気流方向調整用のルーバ等が設けられていることは勿論である。また、別途、休憩所3には、その内部の空気をトンネル坑内または坑外に排気する排気手段を設けることもできる。
【0015】
第二の分岐管8の先端は、休憩所3の天井部を貫通し、ドア5の上部であって、出入口上縁に沿って開口する平ノズル状のエアカーテン吹出し口11が配置されている。従って、ドア5を明けて出入口が開口された場合には吹出し口11よりエアカーテンが吹き出し、休憩所3の内外を空気的に遮断し、ドア5の開閉の都度内部の清浄さを保持できるようにしている。なお、定常的にエアカーテンが吹出す構成としても良いが、ドア5を明けたときにのみエアカーテンが吹出すよう、自動化構造とすることも出来る。また、ドア5の側部から他方の側部に向けて横方向にエアが流れるエアカーテンとすることもできる。
【0016】
いずれにおいても、休憩所3の室内内圧は、吹込む外気によりトンネル内圧力よりやや高めとなっているため、坑内空気が流入することなく、清浄な状態に保たれる。
【0017】
第三の分岐管9の下端は、建物外に配置された横管12に接続され、この横管12の下部に垂下された複数のエアガン14に連通している。各エアガン14は横管に垂下されたフレキシブルホース14aの先端にトリガー弁方式のエアノズル14bを接続したもので、エアノズル14bを作業員Aが持ち、トリガー弁を操作することで圧力空気が噴出し、作業員Aの着衣に付着した粉塵を吹飛ばすことによって除去できるようになっており、この粉塵除去作業の後に休憩所3に入室することで休憩所室内の清浄度がより高く保持されるようにしている。
【0018】
なお、休憩所3の建物大きさに余裕があるのであれば、出入口を二重扉方式とし、その内部で前記エアガン14による粉塵除去作業を行った後、室内に入室できるようにしても良い。
【0019】
さらに、休憩所3の建物内部には、腰掛け用ベンチ、その他図示しないが休憩に必要な建具類、ヘルメット掛けなどの設備が備えられているとともに、壁面の一面には、特に図2に示すように、壁掛パネル式の空気清浄機15が配置され、他面には空調機の壁掛パネル式室内機16が配置され、建物外に配置された室外機17に接続されている。
【0020】
なお、空気清浄機15は、坑内空気の思わぬ流入による粉塵の除去だけでなく、建物内での喫煙などによる空気汚れの防止、及びマイナスイオン発生による脱臭等の快適性向上を図ったものであり、また空調機は現場温度が異常に高かったりその逆に寒い場合に、室内を快適温度に保つものである。
【0021】
従って、休憩所に入室した作業員Aはヘルメット、防塵マスク、防塵眼鏡などをとり、ベンチなどに腰掛けてくつろいだ状態で休憩を取ることが出来るほか、喫煙などの一服も可能となる。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明により明らかなように、本発明によるトンネル坑内への外気導入方法によれば、トンネル坑内に配管した外気導入管に接続される複数の分岐管のうちの第一の分岐管を介して建物内に常時清浄な外気を供給し続けることができるので、休憩所内を常時清浄な雰囲気に保つことができる。また、複数の分岐管のうちの第二の分岐管を介して建物の出入口に外気を供給することにより、建物の出入口にエアカーテンを形成することができるので、休憩所の内外を空気的に遮断することができ、休憩所内にトンネル坑内の空気が流入するのを防止でき、休憩所内を清浄な状態に保つことができる。さらに、複数の分岐管のうちの第三の分岐管を介して建物の外部に外気を供給することができ、この第三の分岐管には少なくとも一つのエアガンが接続されているので、このエアガンから圧力空気を噴出させることにより、作業員の着衣に付着した粉塵を吹き飛ばすことができ、作業員を介して休憩所内に粉塵が入るのを防止でき、休憩所内を清浄な状態に保つことができる。
さらに、第一の分岐管を介して建物の内部に外気を供給することにより、建物内部の圧力をトンネル坑内の圧力よりも高く設定しているので、人の出入りが頻繁に行われても、トンネル坑内の空気が建物の内部に流入するのを防止できる。
従って、トンネル坑内に仮設される休憩所の内部を、常時清浄な雰囲気に保つことができるので、防塵マスク等を外して休憩できるほか、十分な快適性が得られる雰囲気とすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係るトンネル坑内への外気導入方法を示した概略図であって、トンネル坑内の休憩所との関係を示した説明図である。
【図2】 図1の休憩所の内部構造を示した概略図である。
【符号の説明】
1 トンネル杭
2 外気導入用幹線空気管
3 休憩所
5 ドア
7、8、9 分岐管
10 送風口
11 エアカーテン吹出し口
14 エアガン
15 空気清浄機
16、17 空調機(16 室内機、17 室外機)
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for introducing outside air into a tunnel mine for introducing outside air into and out of a building at a pit resting place that is temporarily installed in the tunnel mine under construction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the tunnel tunnel under construction, when a worker temporarily takes a break, move inside the tunnel and go to a resting place outside the tunnel, or select a suitable place in the tunnel and take a break, or temporarily install in the tunnel If there is a rest area or a rest room, a break is taken there.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Among the above-mentioned rest methods, the tunnel mine has a high dust concentration and the air environment is poor, so that a break outside the mine is the most ideal. However, if tunnel excavation has progressed to some extent and the work vehicle does not reciprocate frequently, the movement to the outside of the mine must be relied on by foot, and the time required to reciprocate between the site and the outside of the mine. In practice, it is difficult to take off-site breaks during working hours because it leads to delays in the construction period.
[0004]
On the other hand, the dust concentration is generally high in the tunnel as described above, and the dust mask cannot be removed even during a break, so that it cannot be in a relaxed state.
[0005]
In addition, the conventional resting place or resting room is actually just a name, and in fact, it is a building where there is something about a seat in a small room separated by a simple partition in the mine. Even in the rest area, it was exposed to the same atmosphere as the inside of the mine, and even if this place was used as a rest area, it was necessary to stay there with a dust mask as before.
[0006]
The present invention solves the above-described problem, and the inside of the underground break station temporarily installed in the tunnel mine can be completely blocked from the inside of the tunnel mine and can be maintained in a clean atmosphere. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for introducing outside air into a tunnel mine that can be used as a resting place where a sufficient comfort can be obtained.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for introducing outside air into a tunnel mine for introducing outside air into and out of a building temporarily installed in an airtight state at an appropriate position in the tunnel mine. Piping an outside air introduction pipe extending from the outside to the tip of the tunnel, connecting a plurality of branch pipes to the outside air introduction pipe, a first branch pipe of the plurality of branch pipes in the building, The branch pipe is led to the entrance and exit of the building, the third branch pipe is led outside the building, the outside air is always guided to the building through the first branch pipe, and the pressure in the building is determined from the pressure in the tunnel mine. Set high, guide the outside air to the entrance of the building through the second branch pipe, make it possible to form an air curtain at the entrance of the building, and attach at least one air gun to the tip of the third branch pipe Pressure air through the air gun Characterized by being capable ejected.
[0008]
According to the outside air introduction method into the tunnel mine according to the present invention, it is possible to continuously supply clean outside air from the outside air introduction pipe into the building through the first branch pipe among the plurality of branch pipes. The rest area can always be kept clean.
In addition, an air curtain can be formed at the entrance of the building by supplying outside air from the outside air introduction pipe to the entrance of the building through the second branch pipe of the plurality of branch pipes. The inside and outside can be shut off pneumatically, the air in the tunnel mine can be prevented from flowing into the resting place, and the inside of the resting place can be kept clean.
Furthermore, since the pressure inside the building is set higher than the pressure inside the tunnel mine, it is possible to prevent the air inside the tunnel mine from flowing into the building.
Furthermore, outside air can be supplied from the outside air introduction pipe to the outside of the building via the third branch pipe among the plurality of branch pipes, and at least one air gun is connected to the third branch pipe. Therefore, by blowing out the compressed air from this air gun, it is possible to blow off the dust adhering to the clothes of the worker, prevent dust from entering the resting place through the worker, and clean the resting place. Can be kept in.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 and 2 show a tunnel construction site to which the method for introducing outside air into a tunnel mine according to the present invention is applied . In the figure, a trunk air pipe 2 for introducing outside air from outside the tunnel mine 1 to the tunnel tip (face 1a) is piped on the side wall in the tunnel mine 1 formed by excavating toward the face 1a. A clean clean outside air flows in the direction of the white arrow in the figure by an air pump (not shown).
[0011]
A resting place 3 is temporarily installed at an appropriate position in the tunnel mine 1 and immediately below the main air pipe 2. The resting places 3 may be relocated in the vicinity of the excavation site, or may be sequentially added at appropriate intervals along the longitudinal direction in the tunnel pit 1 as the construction progresses while leaving the resting places 3. good.
[0012]
This resting place 3 is a temporary building, and is provided with a window 4 and a door 5 for entering and exiting a wall opening of a rectangular building. It is preferable to maintain high airtightness by eye-catching.
[0013]
Three branch pipes 7, 8, 9 branched from the main air pipe 2 through the elbow pipe 6 are vertically routed toward the resting place 3.
[0014]
The tip of the first branch pipe 7 penetrates the wall surface of the resting place 3 and communicates with the blower opening 10 disposed therein. Accordingly, clean outdoor air is always supplied into the resting place 3. Needless to say, the air outlet 10 is provided with a flow rate adjusting damper (not shown), an airflow direction adjusting louver, and the like. Separately, the resting place 3 can be provided with an exhaust means for exhausting the air inside the tunnel into or out of the tunnel mine.
[0015]
The tip of the second branch pipe 8 penetrates the ceiling portion of the resting place 3, is an upper part of the door 5, and a flat nozzle-like air curtain outlet 11 that opens along the upper edge of the entrance / exit is disposed. . Therefore, when the door 5 is opened and the doorway is opened, an air curtain is blown out from the air outlet 11, and the inside and outside of the resting place 3 are shut off pneumatically, so that the interior cleanliness can be maintained every time the door 5 is opened and closed. I have to. In addition, although it is good also as a structure which an air curtain blows out steadily, it can also be set as an automatic structure so that an air curtain blows out only when the door 5 is opened. Moreover, it can also be set as the air curtain which air flows into a horizontal direction toward the other side part from the side part of the door 5. FIG.
[0016]
In any case, since the indoor pressure of the resting place 3 is slightly higher than the tunnel pressure due to the outside air that is blown in, the mine air is kept clean without flowing in.
[0017]
The lower end of the third branch pipe 9 is connected to a horizontal pipe 12 arranged outside the building, and communicates with a plurality of air guns 14 suspended below the horizontal pipe 12. Each air gun 14 has a trigger valve type air nozzle 14b connected to the tip of a flexible hose 14a suspended in a horizontal tube. The operator A holds the air nozzle 14b, and pressure air is ejected by operating the trigger valve. The dust attached to the clothes of the worker A can be removed by blowing away, and the cleanliness in the rest room is kept higher by entering the rest room 3 after the dust removal work. ing.
[0018]
In addition, if there is room in the building size of the resting place 3, the doorway may be a double door system, and after the dust removal work by the air gun 14 is performed inside, it may be possible to enter the room.
[0019]
Furthermore, the building of the rest area 3 is equipped with benches for sitting, other fittings not shown in the figure, but necessary equipment for a break, such as a helmet rack, and on one side of the wall as shown in FIG. In addition, a wall-hanging panel type air purifier 15 is arranged, and a wall-hanging panel type indoor unit 16 of an air conditioner is arranged on the other side, and is connected to an outdoor unit 17 arranged outside the building.
[0020]
The air purifier 15 not only removes dust due to unexpected inflow of mine air, but also prevents air pollution due to smoking in the building and improves comfort such as deodorization due to negative ion generation. In addition, the air conditioner keeps the room at a comfortable temperature when the site temperature is abnormally high or vice versa.
[0021]
Therefore, the worker A who enters the resting place can take a break while sitting on a bench and taking a helmet, dust mask, dust-proof glasses, etc., and can also take a smoking clothes.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As apparent from the above description , according to the outside air introduction method into the tunnel mine according to the present invention , the first branch pipe among the plurality of branch pipes connected to the outside air introduction pipe piped in the tunnel mine is provided. Since it is possible to continuously supply clean outside air into the building, the inside of the rest area can be kept clean at all times. In addition, by supplying outside air to the entrance of the building through the second branch pipe of the plurality of branch pipes, an air curtain can be formed at the entrance of the building. It can block | block, can prevent the air in a tunnel mine from flowing in into a resting place, and can maintain the inside of a resting place in a clean state. Further, outside air can be supplied to the outside of the building through a third branch pipe among the plurality of branch pipes, and at least one air gun is connected to the third branch pipe. By blowing out the compressed air from the air, it is possible to blow off dust adhering to the clothes of the worker, prevent dust from entering the resting place through the worker, and keep the resting place clean. .
Furthermore, by supplying outside air to the inside of the building through the first branch pipe, the pressure inside the building is set higher than the pressure in the tunnel mine, so even if people go in and out frequently, It is possible to prevent the air in the tunnel mine from flowing into the building.
Therefore, since the inside of the resting place temporarily installed in the tunnel mine can be kept in a clean atmosphere at all times, it is possible to take a break by removing the dust mask and the like, and it is possible to obtain an atmosphere in which sufficient comfort can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a method for introducing outside air into a tunnel mine according to the present invention, and is an explanatory view showing a relationship with a resting place in the tunnel mine.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the rest area of FIG . 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tunnel pile 2 Trunk air pipe for introduction of outside air 3 Resting place 5 Door 7, 8, 9 Branch pipe 10 Air outlet 11 Air curtain outlet 14 Air gun 15 Air cleaner 16, 17 Air conditioner (16 indoor units, 17 outdoor units)

Claims (1)

トンネル坑内の適宜位置に気密状態で仮設される建物の内外に外気を導入するためのトンネル坑内への外気導入方法であって、
前記トンネル坑内に、トンネル坑外からトンネルの先端部に至る外気導入管を配管し、該外気導入管に複数の分岐管を接続し、該複数の分岐管のうちの第一の分岐管を前記建物内に、第二の分岐管を前記建物の出入口に、第三の分岐管を前記建物外にそれぞれ導き、前記第一の分岐管を介して建物内に外気を常時導いて、建物内の圧力をトンネル坑内の圧力よりも高く設定し、前記第二の分岐管を介して建物の出入口に外気を導いて、建物の出入口にエアカーテンを形成可能とし、前記第三の分岐管の先端部に少なくとも一つのエアガンを取り付けて、該エアガンを介して圧力空気を噴出可能としたことを特徴とするトンネル坑内への外気導入方法。
A method of introducing outside air into a tunnel mine for introducing outside air into and out of a building temporarily installed in an airtight state at an appropriate position in the tunnel mine,
In the tunnel mine, an outside air introduction pipe extending from the outside of the tunnel mine to the tip of the tunnel is connected, a plurality of branch pipes are connected to the outside air introduction pipe, and the first branch pipe among the plurality of branch pipes is In the building, the second branch pipe is led to the entrance and exit of the building, the third branch pipe is led to the outside of the building, and the outside air is always led into the building through the first branch pipe. The pressure is set higher than the pressure in the tunnel mine, the outside air is guided to the entrance of the building through the second branch pipe, and an air curtain can be formed at the entrance of the building, and the tip of the third branch pipe A method of introducing outside air into a tunnel mine, wherein at least one air gun is attached to the air gun so that pressurized air can be ejected through the air gun.
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