JP3690543B2 - Integration of existing single-treatment septic tank using membrane module - Google Patents

Integration of existing single-treatment septic tank using membrane module Download PDF

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JP3690543B2
JP3690543B2 JP10526896A JP10526896A JP3690543B2 JP 3690543 B2 JP3690543 B2 JP 3690543B2 JP 10526896 A JP10526896 A JP 10526896A JP 10526896 A JP10526896 A JP 10526896A JP 3690543 B2 JP3690543 B2 JP 3690543B2
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Prior art keywords
tank
septic tank
chamber
membrane module
treatment
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JPH09290282A (en
Inventor
孝 小和田
信義 片貝
敏正 梅原
淳 日比野
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株式会社日立ハウステック
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、既存の単独処理浄化槽にポンプを有した流量調整槽及び膜処理槽を設け、合併処理可能とした浄化槽に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、し尿浄化の方法として、単独処理浄化槽を用いる方法がある。図4を用いて前記単独処理浄化槽を説明すると、浄化すべきし尿は、流入口18より沈澱分離室19に流入し、該沈澱分離室19にて固液分離が行われる。分離された上澄み液は、接触ばっ気室20上部に移流され、該接触ばっ気室20内に設置された散気管22より吐出される空気泡により撹拌される。撹拌により、上澄み液は、接触ばっ気室20内に設けられた接触材21に接触し、栄養基質の酸化除去が徐々に行われる。このまま撹拌を継続すると、接触材21表面に生物膜が厚く堆積し閉塞してしまうので、接触材21下部に設けられた逆洗管23により定期的に生物膜の剥離を行う。尚、剥離された生物膜は、沈澱分離室19へ返送される(図示省略)。接触ばっ気室20を通過した後は、沈澱室24へ流入し沈澱分離を行い、上澄み液のみ消毒槽25へ入り塩素剤による滅菌を行った後、流出口26より放流される。
【0003】
前記単独処理浄化槽は、し尿の浄化のみを行う浄化槽であるが、家庭雑排水及びし尿をを同時に浄化処理する合併処理浄化槽も広く一般的に使用されている。図5を用いて合併処理浄化槽について説明すると、合併処理浄化槽は、大きく分けて、2つの嫌気濾床槽28、30と、接触ばっ気室32、沈澱室36及び消毒槽37よりなっており、前記嫌気濾床槽28、30及び接触ばっ気室32には、濾材29、31及び接触材33を設けてある。
【0004】
詳細に述べると、家庭雑排水は、流入口27から嫌気濾床槽第1室28に入り、濾材29を通過して嫌気処理され栄養基質を除去される。更に嫌気濾床槽第2室30の濾材31でも嫌気処理され、接触ばっ気室32へと流入する。前記接触ばっ気室32には、接触材33、該接触材下部に逆洗管35及び散気管34が設けてあり、接触材33表面の生物膜に散気管34から空気泡を供給し、好気処理を行っている。逆洗管35は、接触材33表面の生物膜を剥離させるために用いるもので、定期的に逆洗を行うようになっている。接触ばっ気槽32を通過した処理水は、沈澱室36で沈澱分離が行われ、消毒槽37で塩素滅菌した後に流出口38より放流される。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上述べたように、単独処理浄化槽と合併処理浄化槽は、その浄化すべき水の種類が異なり、単独処理浄化槽を既に既設してある家庭で合併処理を行う場合には、合併処理浄化槽を新たに購入設置するしか方法がなかった。しかし、これでは費用が多くかかることとなり、古い単独処理浄化槽の処分問題も深刻なものとなってしまう。周知のように、浄化槽の多くはFRPによって製造されており、その廃棄には多くの労力を要する。廃棄できないために、単独処理浄化槽を埋め殺しにする場合には、その土地の有効利用ができないとの新たな問題も浮上してくる。
【0006】
本発明は、既設の単独処理浄化槽を有効利用し、単独処理浄化槽を合併処理浄化槽の一部として使用することにより、単独処理浄化槽の処分問題を解決し、新たに合併処理浄化槽を購入するより安価に合併処理浄化槽に改造することを目的とするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、し尿を流入させる沈殿分離室と、ばっ気室と、沈殿室と、消毒槽とをこの順番に備える地中埋設された既設の単独処理浄化槽の前記消毒槽の下流側に、風呂水及び洗濯排水を流入させると共に、ポンプを有する流量調整槽を配設し、その流量調整槽とは前記ポンプを介して連なる膜モジュールを有する膜処理槽を地上に設け、前記膜処理槽から前記沈殿分離室へは余剰汚泥返送管を設けている浄化槽である。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の概略を図1を用いて説明する。本発明は、家庭から排出される汚水を、「し尿及び台所排水(以下排水Aという)」と「風呂水及び洗濯排水(以下排水Bという)」とで分けて処理するものであり、排水Aは、既設の単独処理浄化槽へ排水し、排水Bは、単独処理浄化槽を経ることなく直接流量調整槽へ排水するものである。尚、台所排水は、必ずしも単独処理浄化槽へ排出させる必要はなく直接流量調整槽へ排出しても固形分が少ない場合には問題がない。
【0009】
単独処理浄化槽の下流に設けられた流量調整槽は、単独処理浄化槽からの流出水及び排水Bの流入により水面が上下することとなる。従って、予め最低水位(L.W)を定めておき該L.W以上でポンプを作動させ、水位がL.Wに達しない場合にはポンプを停止させる制御を行い、流量調整を行う。流量調整槽は、単独処理浄化槽と同じく地中に埋設するものであり、単独処理浄化槽よりも深い位置に埋設することにより、単独処理浄化槽からの流入は自然流下により行うことができる。
【0010】
流量調整槽内水は、ポンプにより地上に設置された膜処理槽へと移流される。膜処理槽内には膜モジュールが設置されており、その構造は、通常一般的に用いられているものが適宜使用されるものである。具体的には、平膜の場合、枠体の両面に多孔性シート、例えば多孔質ポリエチレン等の膜を張りあわせたものである。被処理水は、多孔性シートを通過することによって固液分離される。
【0011】
膜処理槽内には、好気処理を行うため、膜モジュール下部に散気管を設けている。該散気管から吐出される空気泡に含まれる酸素により、膜モジュールにて分離された固形分は活性化され、好気処理される。膜モジュールを通過した処理水は、そのまま放流される。滅菌に関しては、膜モジュールにて大腸菌を分離できるので必要はない。但し、大腸菌を分離できない場合には、塩素による滅菌が必要となる。膜処理槽内に次第に堆積する余剰汚泥は、適宜単独処理浄化槽へ返送する。
【0012】
【実施例】
本発明の実施例を図2に基づいて説明すると、排水Aが流入管1から単独処理浄化槽2に自然流入し、流入した排水Aは固形物質及び栄養基質を除去され移送管4により流量調整槽5へ移流される。排水A中の台所排水については、該台所排水中に含まれる固形物濃度が100mg/l以下と少ない場合に限り単独処理浄化槽2へ配管することなく、排水Bと共に流入管3により直接流量調整槽5へ配管する。流量調整槽5は、埋設式であり、その埋設深さは単独処理浄化槽1よりも深いものである。そうすることにより、単独処理浄化槽1から流量調整槽5へは自然流入するようにできる。
【0013】
流量調整槽5の底部にはポンプ6が設けられており、該ポンプ6は予め設定したL.W以上の水位で作動し、L.W以下の水位で停止する。流量調整槽5内の水は前記ポンプ6により移送管7を経由して膜処理槽8内へと流入する。膜処理槽8は、地上に設置されるものであり、その下部には膜モジュール9が設けられている。膜モジュール9への浸透は、水位差ΔHにて生じる圧力による。尚、タイマー15に連動したブロワ14は、常時運転状態にあるものではなく、定期的に運転させている。ブロワ14は、通常では高濃度の汚水や汚泥を沈殿させるために停止状態にあり、膜モジュール9の洗浄時にのみ運転される。膜モジュール9を通過した処理水は、必要により消毒槽13により塩素滅菌を行い流出管10により排出される。
【0014】
図2では、水位差を利用した膜モジュールの実施例を示したが、水位差が十分に取れない場合には、図3に示すような、ポンプ17を流出管10に設け、吸引により膜モジュール9を通過させることも可能である。この場合ポンプは、多少なりとも水位差があるために、能力の大きいものは必要なく安価なポンプを用いることができる。尚、膜処理槽8には、図2及び3に示すように、弁16を有した余剰汚泥返送管11が設置されており、膜処理槽8底部に堆積した余剰汚泥を単独処理浄化槽2の沈澱分離槽へ自然返流されるようになっている。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したとおり、本発明によれば既存の単独処理浄化槽を使用し、設置面積を増加させることなく、容易に合併処理槽にすることが可能となる。そのため、既設の単独処理浄化槽を廃棄する必要もない。また、膜モジュールを使用及び膜処理槽の地上設置によりメンテナンスも従来より向上した。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の概要を示すチャートである。
【図2】本発明の実施例を示す概略断面図である。
【図3】本発明の別の実施例を示す部分概略断面図である。
【図4】従来用いられていた単独処理浄化槽の概略断面図である。
【図5】従来用いられていた合併処理浄化槽の概略断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1.流入管 2.単独処理浄化槽 3.流入管 4.移送管 5.流量調整槽
6.ポンプ 7.移送管 8.膜処理槽 9.膜モジュール 10.流出管 11.余剰汚泥返送管 12.散気管 13.消毒槽 14.ブロワ 15.タイマー 16.弁 17.ポンプ 18.流入口 19.沈澱分離室 20.接触ばっ気室 21.接触材 22.散気管 23.逆洗管 24.沈澱室 25.消毒槽 26.流出口 27.流入口 28.嫌気濾床槽第1室 29.濾材
30.嫌気濾床槽第2室 31.濾材 32.接触ばっ気室 33.接触材 34.散気管 35.逆洗管 36.沈澱室 37.消毒槽 38.流出口
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a septic tank that is provided with a flow rate adjusting tank and a membrane processing tank having a pump in an existing single processing septic tank, and is capable of performing a merge process.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method for purifying human waste, there is a method using a single treatment septic tank. The single treatment septic tank will be described with reference to FIG. 4. The human waste to be purified flows into the precipitation separation chamber 19 from the inlet 18, and solid-liquid separation is performed in the precipitation separation chamber 19. The separated supernatant is transferred to the upper part of the contact aeration chamber 20 and is agitated by the air bubbles discharged from the diffuser tube 22 installed in the contact aeration chamber 20. Due to the stirring, the supernatant liquid comes into contact with the contact material 21 provided in the contact aeration chamber 20, and the oxidative removal of the nutrient substrate is gradually performed. If stirring is continued in this state, the biofilm is deposited thickly on the surface of the contact material 21 and becomes clogged. Therefore, the biofilm is periodically peeled by the backwash tube 23 provided at the bottom of the contact material 21. The peeled biofilm is returned to the precipitation separation chamber 19 (not shown). After passing through the contact aeration chamber 20, it flows into the sedimentation chamber 24 to separate the precipitate, and only the supernatant liquid enters the disinfection tank 25 and is sterilized with a chlorine agent, and then discharged from the outlet 26.
[0003]
The single treatment septic tank is a septic tank that purifies only human waste, but a combined treatment septic tank that simultaneously purifies household wastewater and human waste is also widely used. The merged treatment septic tank will be described with reference to FIG. 5. The merged treatment septic tank is roughly divided into two anaerobic filter bed tanks 28 and 30, a contact aeration chamber 32, a precipitation chamber 36, and a disinfection tank 37. The anaerobic filter bed tanks 28, 30 and the contact aeration chamber 32 are provided with filter media 29, 31 and a contact material 33.
[0004]
More specifically, household wastewater enters the first chamber 28 of the anaerobic filter bed through the inlet 27, passes through the filter medium 29, and is anaerobically treated to remove the nutrient substrate. Further, the filter medium 31 in the second chamber 30 is subjected to anaerobic treatment and flows into the contact aeration chamber 32. The contact aeration chamber 32 is provided with a contact member 33, and a backwash pipe 35 and a diffuser pipe 34 are provided below the contact member. Air bubbles are supplied to the biofilm on the surface of the contact member 33 from the diffuser pipe 34. Qi treatment is performed. The backwash tube 35 is used to peel the biofilm on the surface of the contact material 33, and regularly backwashes. The treated water that has passed through the contact aeration tank 32 is subjected to precipitation separation in the precipitation chamber 36, sterilized with chlorine in the disinfection tank 37, and then discharged from the outlet 38.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the single treatment septic tank and the merged treatment septic tank are different in the type of water to be purified. There was no other way but to purchase and install. However, this is expensive, and the disposal problem of the old single-treatment septic tank becomes serious. As is well known, many of the septic tanks are manufactured by FRP, and disposal thereof requires a lot of labor. Since it cannot be disposed of, when a single treatment septic tank is buried, a new problem arises that the land cannot be used effectively.
[0006]
The present invention solves the disposal problem of single processing septic tank by using existing single processing septic tank effectively and uses single processing septic tank as part of merged processing septic tank, and is cheaper than newly purchasing merged processing septic tank It is intended to be remodeled into a merger processing septic tank.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a bath on the downstream side of the sterilization tank of an existing single treatment septic tank embedded in the ground, which is provided with a sedimentation separation chamber, an aeration chamber, a sedimentation chamber, and a disinfection tank in this order. Water and washing waste water are allowed to flow in, and a flow rate adjustment tank having a pump is disposed, and the flow rate adjustment tank is provided with a membrane treatment tank having a membrane module connected to the pump via the pump. It is a septic tank with an excess sludge return pipe to the sedimentation separation chamber .
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The outline of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The present invention treats sewage discharged from a household by dividing it into “human waste and kitchen wastewater (hereinafter referred to as wastewater A)” and “bath water and laundry wastewater (hereinafter referred to as wastewater B)”. Is drained to an existing single treatment septic tank, and drainage B is drained directly to the flow rate adjustment tank without going through the single treatment septic tank. Note that the kitchen wastewater does not necessarily have to be discharged to the single treatment septic tank, and there is no problem if the solid content is small even if discharged directly to the flow rate adjusting tank.
[0009]
In the flow rate adjustment tank provided downstream of the single processing septic tank, the water level rises and falls due to the inflow of effluent water and drainage B from the single processing septic tank. Therefore, a minimum water level (L.W) is determined in advance and the L.I. The pump is operated at W or higher and the water level is L.L. When W is not reached, control to stop the pump is performed to adjust the flow rate. The flow rate adjusting tank is embedded in the ground like the single processing septic tank, and by being embedded at a position deeper than the single processing septic tank, the inflow from the single processing septic tank can be performed by natural flow.
[0010]
The water in the flow control tank is transferred to a membrane treatment tank installed on the ground by a pump. A membrane module is installed in the membrane treatment tank, and a generally used structure is appropriately used. Specifically, in the case of a flat film, a porous sheet, for example, a film of porous polyethylene or the like is bonded to both sides of the frame. The water to be treated is solid-liquid separated by passing through the porous sheet.
[0011]
In the membrane treatment tank, an aeration tube is provided at the lower part of the membrane module in order to perform an aerobic treatment. The solid content separated in the membrane module is activated and aerobically treated by oxygen contained in the air bubbles discharged from the air diffuser. The treated water that has passed through the membrane module is discharged as it is. There is no need for sterilization because E. coli can be separated by the membrane module. However, when E. coli cannot be separated, sterilization with chlorine is required. The excess sludge that gradually accumulates in the membrane treatment tank is appropriately returned to the single treatment septic tank.
[0012]
【Example】
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2. Wastewater A naturally flows into the single treatment septic tank 2 from the inflow pipe 1, and the inflowed wastewater A is freed of solid substances and nutrient substrates and is flow controlled by the transfer pipe 4. Advected to 5; As for the kitchen wastewater in the wastewater A, the flow rate adjusting tank is directly connected to the wastewater B and the inflow pipe 3 without piping to the single treatment septic tank 2 only when the concentration of solids contained in the kitchen wastewater is as low as 100 mg / l or less. Pipe to 5. The flow rate adjusting tank 5 is an embedded type, and the embedded depth is deeper than that of the single processing septic tank 1. By doing so, it can flow naturally from the single processing septic tank 1 to the flow rate adjusting tank 5.
[0013]
A pump 6 is provided at the bottom of the flow rate adjusting tank 5. Operates at water level above W, Stop at water level below W. Water in the flow rate adjusting tank 5 flows into the membrane processing tank 8 through the transfer pipe 7 by the pump 6. The membrane treatment tank 8 is installed on the ground, and a membrane module 9 is provided in the lower part thereof. The penetration into the membrane module 9 is due to the pressure generated by the water level difference ΔH. Note that the blower 14 linked to the timer 15 is not in a constantly operating state but is operated periodically. The blower 14 is normally stopped in order to precipitate high-concentration sewage and sludge, and is operated only when the membrane module 9 is washed. Treated water that has passed through the membrane module 9 is sterilized with chlorine in the disinfection tank 13 as necessary, and discharged through the outflow pipe 10.
[0014]
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the membrane module using the water level difference. However, when the water level difference cannot be sufficiently obtained, a pump 17 as shown in FIG. 3 is provided in the outflow pipe 10, and the membrane module is sucked. It is also possible to pass 9. In this case, since the pump has a difference in water level, a pump having a high capacity is not necessary and an inexpensive pump can be used. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the membrane treatment tank 8 is provided with an excess sludge return pipe 11 having a valve 16, and the excess sludge accumulated at the bottom of the membrane treatment tank 8 is removed from the single treatment purification tank 2. It is designed to return naturally to the sedimentation tank.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to use an existing single processing septic tank and easily form a merged processing tank without increasing the installation area. Therefore, it is not necessary to discard the existing single processing septic tank. Maintenance has also been improved by using membrane modules and installing the membrane treatment tank above the ground.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a chart showing an outline of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single treatment septic tank used conventionally.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a merging treatment septic tank used conventionally.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. Inflow pipe 2. Single processing septic tank Inflow pipe 4. 4. Transfer pipe 5. Flow rate adjustment tank Pump 7. Transfer tube 8. 8. Membrane treatment tank Membrane module 10. Outflow pipe 11. Excess sludge return pipe 12. Air diffuser 13. Disinfection tank 14. Blower 15. Timer 16. Valve 17. Pump 18. Inlet 19. Precipitation separation chamber 20. Contact aeration chamber 21. Contact material 22. Air diffuser 23. Backwash tube 24. Precipitation chamber 25. Disinfection tank 26. Outlet 27. Inlet 28. Anaerobic filter bed first chamber 29. Filter medium 30. Anaerobic filter bed second chamber 31. Filter medium 32. Contact aeration chamber 33. Contact material 34. Air diffuser 35. Backwash tube 36. Precipitation chamber 37. Disinfection tank 38. Outlet

Claims (1)

し尿を流入させる沈殿分離室と、ばっ気室と、沈殿室と、消毒槽とをこの順番に備える地中埋設された既設の単独処理浄化槽の前記消毒槽の下流側に、風呂水及び洗濯排水を流入させると共に、ポンプを有する流量調整槽を配設し、その流量調整槽とは前記ポンプを介して連なる膜モジュールを有する膜処理槽を地上に設け、前記膜処理槽から前記沈殿分離室へは余剰汚泥返送管を設けている浄化槽。 Bath water and laundry drainage downstream of the disinfecting tank of the existing single treatment septic tank embedded in the ground, which is provided with a sedimentation separation chamber, an aeration chamber, a sedimentation chamber, and a disinfection tank in this order. A flow rate adjusting tank having a pump is provided, and the flow rate adjusting tank is provided with a membrane treatment tank having a membrane module connected via the pump on the ground, from the membrane treatment tank to the precipitation separation chamber. purification of tanks that have provided the excess sludge return pipe.
JP10526896A 1996-04-25 1996-04-25 Integration of existing single-treatment septic tank using membrane module Expired - Lifetime JP3690543B2 (en)

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JP10526896A JP3690543B2 (en) 1996-04-25 1996-04-25 Integration of existing single-treatment septic tank using membrane module

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JPH09290282A JPH09290282A (en) 1997-11-11
JP3690543B2 true JP3690543B2 (en) 2005-08-31

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6863817B2 (en) 2002-12-05 2005-03-08 Zenon Environmental Inc. Membrane bioreactor, process and aerator
JP5000594B2 (en) * 2008-07-07 2012-08-15 株式会社ハウステック Merger processing septic tank

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