JP3689012B2 - Water treatment equipment - Google Patents

Water treatment equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3689012B2
JP3689012B2 JP2001083696A JP2001083696A JP3689012B2 JP 3689012 B2 JP3689012 B2 JP 3689012B2 JP 2001083696 A JP2001083696 A JP 2001083696A JP 2001083696 A JP2001083696 A JP 2001083696A JP 3689012 B2 JP3689012 B2 JP 3689012B2
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water
treatment chamber
heat treatment
pipe
storage tank
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JP2002273411A (en
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中 文 夫 田
中 隆 田
中 務 田
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有限会社安久工機
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、海水を淡水化したり、水に含まれた油分を分解して浄化するなど、不純物が含まれた水からその不純物を分離又は分解する水処理装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
日本など人口密度の高い国では、人口一人当りの年間降雨量が少なくなるため、水道の利用量が増える夏場には慢性的に水不足になりやすい。
このような水不足解消のため、雑用水・中水道の循環利用が考えられている。特に、東京などの大都市では、雑用水に使用される水の割合が全使用量の36%と高いため、延べ面積3万m2 以上の大規模なビルなどでは上水道と下水道の他に、雑用水として使用する中水道設備を設けることが推奨されている。
【0003】
一般に、中水道に供給する雑用水は、風呂排水、洗面排水、手洗い排水、清掃流し排水、湯沸し排水などの雑排水と、クーリングタワー排水、厨房排水などがあり、これらをビルの地下や敷地内に設置した雑用水処理施設で浄化した後、中水道配管に供給するようにしている。
【0004】
しかし、この雑用水処理施設は、(1)スカムを除去する加圧浮上処理施設、(2)大径粒子を取り除く一次スクリーン、(3)そのろ液を8〜16時間滞留させる調整水槽、(4)比較的小径の粒子まで除去する二次スクリーン、(5)そのろ液を1〜2時間曝気処理する活性汚泥反応槽、(6)活性汚泥・高分子有機物・浮遊物質を除去するUFモジュール、(7)透過水を滅菌して貯留する雑用水貯留槽などからなり、これら各槽を接続する夫々の配管には処理した水を送給するポンプが介装されているため、かなり複雑で大掛かりなプラントとなるだけでなく、その設備費も数千万円に達する。
【0005】
このため本出願人は、油分を含む水を浄化処理することのできる極めて安価で簡単な構造の水処理装置を提案した(特開2000−237746号公報参照)。
この水処理装置31は、図2に示すように、未処理水を沸点以上に熱して過熱蒸気を生成する処理室32と、その上方に配された貯留タンク33が、処理室32側壁の底面近傍に開口された導入管34を介して接続されると共に、処理室32内の底面近傍から略垂直上方に向かって立設された排気凝縮管35が、貯留タンク33より高位置を通り浄水回収タンク36に接続されてなる。
【0006】
これによれば、油分などが混ざった厨房排水などを貯留タンク33から供給すると、処理室32内で液面高さが排気凝縮管35の開口部35aに達し、次いで、その排水は排気凝縮管35を上昇して貯留タンク33の液面高さに達する。
【0007】
ここで、ヒータ37に通電して処理室32を200〜300℃に加熱すると、処理室32内の排水の量は僅かであるから短時間で加熱され、排水に含まれた水が沸点より高温の200〜300℃の過熱蒸気となり、油分が高温条件下で過熱蒸気、酸素、水素に曝され、加熱分解、加水分解されてより低級の脂肪酸に分解される。
【0008】
処理室32内の水は、過熱蒸気となって排気凝縮管35を通って外部へ順次排出され、当該管35内で凝縮されて回収タンク36へ滴下されたり、処理室32内の突沸により排気凝縮管35内の水が吹き上げられて排気凝縮管35の頂点を通り回収タンク36に導出される。
その結果、貯留タンク33の液面と処理室32内の液面とで水頭差を生ずるので、これらが等しくなるように、貯留タンク33から処理室32内に未処理状態の排水が自動的に供給されて、貯留タンク33内の排水は順次処理されていく。
【0009】
このようにして一次処理された水を有機物分解酵素を分泌する微生物などを用いて生物学的に二次処理したところ、前述の複雑な雑用水処理施設と同等の水質が得られた。
また、この水処理装置31を用いて海水を処理したところ、処理室32内に塩分が溜まり、回収タンク36に淡水が回収されたので、小型船舶用の海水淡水化装置(造水機)として使用可能である。
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、この水処理装置31の排水の流れを観察していると、処理室32から過熱蒸気が排出されるたびに、貯留タンク33から処理室32に流入したり、貯留タンク33へ逆流したりを繰り返す。
【0011】
すなわち、処理室32は貯留タンク33及び排気凝縮管35を介して大気に開放されており、夫々の液面に作用する大気圧は一定であるが、処理室32内の圧力は過熱蒸気の体積膨張や排気に伴って変動する。
このため、処理室32内の圧力が大気圧まで下がったときは、水頭差を生じて排水が処理室32に流入し、大気圧より高くなったときは処理室32内の高温排水が貯留タンク33へ逆流する。
したがって、排水を処理室32に強制的に流入させることができず、その分、処理時間がかかるという問題があった。
【0012】
導入管34に逆止弁などの方向制御弁を介装すれば、排水が逆流することはないが、方向制御弁は構造が複雑なため、様々なものが混ざる可能性のある排水に使用した場合に、詰まったり動作不良に陥ったりと故障し易い。
さらに、ポンプを設ければ、排水を強制的に送給することができるが、設備が大掛かりになるという問題がある。
【0013】
そこで本発明は、逆止弁やポンプを使用することなく、貯留タンクに貯留された未処理水を処理量に応じた適当量を強制的に且つ確実に処理室に送給することにより、逆流の無駄を無くして処理時間を短縮することを技術的課題としている。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この課題を解決するために、本発明に係る水処理装置は、貯留タンクから未処理水を加熱処理室に導入する導入管と、加熱処理室で加熱された未処理水の蒸気を外部に排出して凝縮させる排気凝縮管が、当該加熱処理室の底面近傍から立設されると共に、加熱処理室の外部へ延設された前記排気凝縮管の排水端側が下向きに曲げられて成り、前記導入管の途中に管内圧調整用のサージタンクが介装され、前記サージタンク内には充填される液体の容積によって体積変化する体積可変容器が配されると共に、体積可変容器の液体供給口がサージタンク外に形成されて成り、運転時に貯留タンクが前記導入管のみを介して開口されると共に、加熱処理室が前記排気凝縮管のみを介して大気に開放されることを特徴としている。
【0015】
本発明によれば、貯留タンクから導入管を介して加熱処理室に落とし込まれた未処理水が当該導入管の下端開口部まで溜まると、その出口が塞がれるので、未処理水の供給が一時的に止まる。
ここで、加熱処理室を沸点以上の200〜300℃に加熱すると、処理室内の未処理水の量は僅かであるから短時間で加熱され、蒸気は沸点より高温の200〜300℃に過熱されて過熱蒸気となる。
【0016】
したがって、油分が含まれている場合には、その油分が高温条件下で過熱蒸気、酸素、水素に曝され、加熱分解・加水分解されて、より低級の脂肪酸に分解される。
また、非揮発性の溶質が溶解されている場合に、その溶媒となる水が瞬時に蒸発されるので、加熱処理室内に溶質が析出していく。
【0017】
そして、沸騰に伴い液中から気化が起きるとその気泡により水面が乱れて導入管の下端開口部と水面の間に隙間ができたり、その気泡が導入管に直接入るなどして、蒸気が導入管から貯留タンクに流入する。
これにより、ポンプなどを使用するまでもなく、貯留タンクが空になるまで、貯留タンクに流入した気泡の体積に応じて未処理水が少しずつ強制的に加熱処理室に供給されることとなる。
【0018】
一方、沸騰に伴い高温の過熱蒸気が排気凝縮管を介して流出されると、蒸気は徐々に冷却されて凝縮し、排気凝縮管の頂点まで達したものは排水端側から外部に滴下されて蒸留されることになる。
したがって、加熱処理室内の蒸気は順次排気凝縮管から外部に排出され、これが凝縮されて浄化された水が回収される。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて具体的に説明する。
図1は本発明にかかる水処理装置を示す説明図である。
【0020】
本例の水処理装置1は、海水や油分など不純物が含まれた水からその不純物を分離又は分解して海水を淡水化したり汚水を浄化するものである。
未処理水を沸点以上に上昇させる加熱処理室2には、貯留タンク3から未処理水を導入する導入管4及び当該加熱処理室2で生成された蒸気を外部に排出して凝縮させる排気凝縮管5が、加熱処理室2の底面2a近傍から天井面2bを貫通するように略垂直に立設されている。
【0021】
加熱処理室2はアルミ鋳物で成形され、その底面2aに電熱ヒータHが埋め込まれると共に、処理室2内の未処理水が完全に蒸発したか否かを室内温度により検知する温度センサSが配されている。
【0022】
導入管4及び排気凝縮管5は、夫々の下端開口部4a及び5aが、加熱処理室2の底面2a近傍の略同じ高さ(例えば底面2aから1cm程度)のところに開口されている。
【0023】
導入管4の上端4bには、未処理水を貯める貯留タンク3が加熱処理室2の上方に位置するように形成されている。
貯留タンク3は、その上面に密封可能な蓋6が形成されると共に、その底面に流出口7が形成され、当該流出口7に前記導入管4が接続されて、前記蓋6を閉じた状態で、前記導入管4のみを介して開口され、加熱処理室2に連通されている。
また、導入管4の途中には管内圧調整用のサージタンク10が介装されており、具体的には、導入管4が上流側導入管4Uと下流側導入管4Dに分断されて、それぞれが、管内圧調整用のサージタンク10の流入口10 in 及び流出口10 out に接続されている。
サージタンク10には、内部に充填される液体の容積によって体積変化する耐熱バッグなどの体積可変容器11が配され、その液体供給口12がサージタンク10外に形成されてなる。
これにより、サージタンク10の外部から体積可変容器11に油等を供給してサージタンク10の容積を調整することができる。
サージタンク10は、特に貯留タンク3として容積が大きなもの(直径1m程度のタンク)ほど効果を発揮する。
即ち、処理能力を向上させようとして、貯留タンク3の容量を大きくしたところ思うよ うに処理量が増えなかかったが、このサージタンク10を設けることにより処理容量が向上し、約3t/hrの処理量が得られた。
このサージタンク10を設けることにより、導入管4を介して貯留タンク3側から供給される未処理水の供給量と、加熱処理室2で処理されて排気凝縮管5から排出される排気量がバランスし、処理に適した圧力状態が得られたものと考えられる。
ただし、サージタンク10の容量によって処理効率が異なるので、タンク10内に体積可変容器11を設けて、サージタンク10を適正な容量に調整できるようにすることが好ましい。
なお、下流側導入管4Dには、管路を遮断/導通する耐熱バルブ8が介装されている。
【0024】
また、加熱処理室2は、排気凝縮管5のみを介して大気に開放され、排気凝縮管5は、貯留タンク3より高位置を通り、その排水端5b側が下向きに曲げられて、当該排水端5bから凝縮液を浄水回収タンク9に滴下できるようになっている。
【0025】
以上が本発明の一構成例であって、次にその作用を説明する。
耐熱バルブ8を閉じ、貯留タンク3の蓋6を開けて淡水化処理又は浄化処理しようとする海水や汚水などの未処理水を入れ、蓋6を閉じる。
このとき、貯留タンク3は気密状態になるが、まず、サージタンク10にその流入口10 in が塞がれるまで未処理水が流入し、次いで、耐熱バルブ8を開くと、導入管4の下端開口部4aと加熱処理室2の底面2aには隙間があるので、導入管4の下端開口部4aから加熱処理室2内の空気がサージタンク10を介して貯留タンク3に流入すると同時に、当該タンク3内の未処理水が流出口7から導入管4内を流れてサージタンク10を介して加熱処理室4に落とし込まれる。
そして、未処理水が加熱処理室2内に溜まって、その液面で導入管4の下端開口部4aが塞がれると、それ以上、貯留タンク3内に空気が流入しなくなるので、未処理水の供給が停止される。
【0026】
次いで、電熱ヒータHに通電し、加熱処理室2内を200〜300℃まで上昇させると、加熱処理室2内の未処理水は僅かであるから短時間で沸騰する。
そして、沸騰により液中から気化が起きると、その気泡により水面が乱れて導入管4及び排気凝縮管5の下端開口部4a及び5aと水面の間に隙間ができたり、その気泡が導入管4及び排気凝縮管5に直接入るなどして、加熱処理室2内の蒸気が導入管4から貯留タンク3に流入し、または、大気へ逃げる。
【0027】
これにより、貯留タンク3内圧が加熱処理室2より高くなったときに、その差圧分だけ、未処理水が加熱処理室2内に落とし込まれる。
したがって、ポンプなどを使用するまでもなく、貯留タンク3が空になるまで、貯留タンク3に流入した気泡の体積に応じて未処理水が少しずつ強制的に加熱処理室2に供給されることとなる。
【0028】
また、加熱処理室2の内圧が貯留タンク3より高くなっても、貯留タンク3は大気に開放されていないので、加熱処理室2の蒸気は排気凝縮管5を介して大気側に逃げ、貯留タンク3に未処理水が逆流することはない。
【0029】
即ち、導入管4を大気に開放せず、排気凝縮管5を大気に開放したため、一切のポンプや方向制御弁を使用することなく、導入管4の上端に形成された貯留タンク3から未処理水を加熱処理室2に強制的に供給することができ、さらに、加熱処理室2で蒸発した蒸気が排気凝縮管5を介して大気へ排出されるという一方通行の流れが形成されることになる。
【0030】
そして、排気凝縮管5を上昇した蒸気が、その頂点5cまで達して凝縮されると、水滴となった浄水が排水端5bから浄水回収タンク9に滴下されて回収される。
このようにして、未処理水は、貯留タンク3から加熱処理室2に対し強制的に少しずつ供給され、加熱処理室2で過熱蒸気となり、不純物が含まれた未処理水からその不純物を分離又は分解して、排気凝縮管5を介して浄水が回収される。
【0031】
なお、加熱処理室2は200〜300℃に達し、未処理水蒸気は沸点より温度の高い過熱蒸気となり、この過熱蒸気が排気凝縮管5から自由に外部へ逃げることができないので、加熱処理室2は高圧高温雰囲気になる。
したがって、未処理水に油分が含まれている場合には、その油分が高圧高温条件下で過熱蒸気、酸素、水素に曝され、加熱分解・加水分解されてより低級の脂肪酸に分解されるので、これらが蒸気と共に排出されて凝縮され、浄水回収タンク9には低級の脂肪酸を含む水が回収される。
【0032】
また、非揮発性の溶質が溶解されている場合に、その溶媒となる水が瞬時に蒸発されるので、加熱処理室2内に溶質が短時間で析出していく。例えば、未処理水として海水を用いた場合、加熱処理室2内の塩分濃度が徐々に高くなって最終的には塩が残り、浄水回収タンク9には淡水が回収される。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、ポンプや方向制御弁を使用することなく、貯留タンクが空になるまで未処理水を強制的に少しずつ加熱処理室に供給することができ、処理すべき未処理水を短時間で確実に処理することができるという大変優れた効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る水処理装置を示す説明図。
【図2】従来装置を示す説明図。
【符号の説明】
1………水処理装置
2………加熱処理室
2a……底面
3………貯留タンク
4………導入管
5………排気凝縮管
5b……排水端
7………流出口
8………耐熱バルブ
9………浄水回収タンク
10………サージタンク
11………体積可変容器
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus for separating or decomposing impurities from water containing impurities, such as desalinating seawater or decomposing and purifying oil contained in water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In countries with high population density, such as Japan, annual rainfall per capita is low, so it is likely to be chronically short of water in summer when water usage increases.
In order to eliminate such a water shortage, it is considered to circulate and reuse miscellaneous water and waterworks. In particular, in large cities such as Tokyo, the proportion of water used for miscellaneous water is as high as 36% of the total usage, so in large buildings with a total area of 30,000 m 2 or more, in addition to water and sewers, It is recommended to install a sewerage system for use as miscellaneous water.
[0003]
In general, miscellaneous water supplied to the sewerage system includes miscellaneous drainage such as bath drainage, wash drainage, hand wash drainage, cleaning drainage, and hot water drainage, cooling tower drainage, and kitchen drainage. After purification at the installed miscellaneous water treatment facility, it is supplied to the water supply pipe.
[0004]
However, this miscellaneous water treatment facility includes (1) a pressurized flotation treatment facility that removes scum, (2) a primary screen that removes large-diameter particles, (3) an adjusted water tank that holds the filtrate for 8 to 16 hours, 4) Secondary screen to remove particles of relatively small diameter, (5) Activated sludge reaction tank for aeration treatment of the filtrate for 1 to 2 hours, (6) UF module to remove activated sludge, polymer organic matter and suspended solids (7) It consists of miscellaneous water storage tanks that sterilize and store the permeated water, and each pipe connecting these tanks is equipped with a pump for feeding the treated water, which is quite complicated. Not only will it be a large-scale plant, but the equipment costs will reach tens of millions of yen.
[0005]
For this reason, the present applicant has proposed a water treatment device having a very inexpensive and simple structure capable of purifying water containing oil (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-237746).
As shown in FIG. 2 , the water treatment device 31 includes a treatment chamber 32 that heats untreated water to a boiling point or more to generate superheated steam, and a storage tank 33 disposed above the treatment chamber 32. An exhaust condensate pipe 35 that is connected via an introduction pipe 34 that is opened in the vicinity and that is erected substantially vertically upward from the vicinity of the bottom surface in the processing chamber 32 passes through a higher position than the storage tank 33 and collects purified water. It is connected to the tank 36.
[0006]
According to this, when kitchen wastewater mixed with oil or the like is supplied from the storage tank 33, the liquid level reaches the opening 35a of the exhaust condensate pipe 35 in the processing chamber 32, and the drainage is then discharged into the exhaust condensate pipe. 35 is raised to reach the liquid level of the storage tank 33.
[0007]
Here, when the heater 37 is energized and the processing chamber 32 is heated to 200 to 300 ° C., the amount of waste water in the processing chamber 32 is small, so that the water contained in the waste water is heated to a temperature higher than the boiling point. The oil is exposed to superheated steam, oxygen, and hydrogen under high temperature conditions, and is decomposed by heating and hydrolysis to be decomposed into lower fatty acids.
[0008]
The water in the processing chamber 32 becomes superheated steam and is sequentially discharged to the outside through the exhaust condensing pipe 35, condensed in the pipe 35 and dropped into the recovery tank 36, or exhausted by bumping in the processing chamber 32. Water in the condensing pipe 35 is blown up, passes through the apex of the exhaust condensing pipe 35, and is led to the recovery tank 36.
As a result, a water head difference is generated between the liquid level in the storage tank 33 and the liquid level in the processing chamber 32, so that untreated wastewater is automatically discharged from the storage tank 33 into the processing chamber 32 so that they are equal. The supplied waste water in the storage tank 33 is sequentially processed.
[0009]
When the water subjected to the primary treatment in this manner was subjected to a biological secondary treatment using a microorganism that secretes an organic matter-degrading enzyme, water quality equivalent to that of the above-mentioned complicated water treatment facility was obtained.
Moreover, when seawater was processed using this water treatment device 31, salt content accumulated in the treatment chamber 32, and fresh water was recovered in the recovery tank 36. Therefore, as a seawater desalination device (desalter) for small vessels. It can be used.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when observing the flow of the waste water from the water treatment device 31, every time the superheated steam is discharged from the treatment chamber 32, it flows into the treatment chamber 32 from the storage tank 33 or flows back into the storage tank 33. repeat.
[0011]
That is, the processing chamber 32 is opened to the atmosphere via the storage tank 33 and the exhaust condensing pipe 35, and the atmospheric pressure acting on each liquid surface is constant, but the pressure in the processing chamber 32 is the volume of superheated steam. It fluctuates with expansion and exhaust.
For this reason, when the pressure in the processing chamber 32 is reduced to atmospheric pressure, a water head difference is generated, and the wastewater flows into the processing chamber 32. When the pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure, the high-temperature wastewater in the processing chamber 32 is stored in the storage tank. Back to 33.
Therefore, there is a problem that the wastewater cannot be forced to flow into the processing chamber 32 and the processing time is increased accordingly.
[0012]
If a directional control valve such as a check valve is installed in the introduction pipe 34, the drainage will not flow back, but the directional control valve is used for drainage where various things may be mixed because the structure is complicated. In some cases, it is easy to break down when it is clogged or malfunctions.
Furthermore, if a pump is provided, waste water can be forcibly fed, but there is a problem that the facility becomes large.
[0013]
Therefore, the present invention forcibly and reliably supplies untreated water stored in the storage tank to the treatment chamber in an appropriate amount according to the treatment amount without using a check valve or a pump. It is a technical problem to reduce processing time by eliminating waste.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve this problem, a water treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes an introduction pipe for introducing untreated water from a storage tank into a heat treatment chamber, and discharges steam of the untreated water heated in the heat treatment chamber to the outside. The exhaust condensate tube to be condensed is erected from the vicinity of the bottom surface of the heat treatment chamber, and the drain end side of the exhaust condensate tube extended to the outside of the heat treatment chamber is bent downward, and the introduction A surge tank for adjusting the internal pressure of the pipe is provided in the middle of the pipe, and a variable volume container that changes in volume depending on the volume of the liquid to be filled is arranged in the surge tank, and the liquid supply port of the variable volume container has a surge. It is formed outside the tank, and is characterized in that, during operation, the storage tank is opened only through the introduction pipe, and the heat treatment chamber is opened to the atmosphere only through the exhaust condensation pipe.
[0015]
According to the present invention, when the untreated water dropped into the heat treatment chamber from the storage tank via the introduction pipe is accumulated up to the lower end opening of the introduction pipe, the outlet is blocked, so that the untreated water is supplied. Temporarily stops.
Here, when the heat treatment chamber is heated to 200 to 300 ° C. above the boiling point, since the amount of untreated water in the treatment chamber is small, the heat is heated in a short time, and the steam is heated to 200 to 300 ° C. higher than the boiling point. It becomes superheated steam.
[0016]
Therefore, when an oil component is contained, the oil component is exposed to superheated steam, oxygen, and hydrogen under high temperature conditions, and is thermally decomposed and hydrolyzed to be decomposed into lower fatty acids.
Further, when the non-volatile solute is dissolved, the water serving as the solvent is instantly evaporated, so that the solute is deposited in the heat treatment chamber.
[0017]
When vaporization occurs in the liquid as it boils, the water surface is disturbed by the bubbles, creating a gap between the lower end opening of the introduction pipe and the water surface, or by introducing the bubbles directly into the introduction pipe. It flows into the storage tank from the pipe.
As a result, untreated water is forcibly supplied to the heat treatment chamber little by little according to the volume of bubbles flowing into the storage tank until the storage tank becomes empty without using a pump or the like. .
[0018]
On the other hand, when high-temperature superheated steam flows out through the exhaust condensing pipe as it boils, the steam is gradually cooled and condensed, and what reaches the top of the exhaust condensing pipe is dropped from the drain end to the outside. Will be distilled.
Therefore, the steam in the heat treatment chamber is sequentially discharged to the outside from the exhaust condensing pipe, and this is condensed and purified water is recovered.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a water treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
[0020]
The water treatment apparatus 1 of this example separates or decomposes the impurities from water containing impurities such as seawater and oil, thereby desalinating seawater or purifying sewage.
In the heat treatment chamber 2 for raising the untreated water to the boiling point or more, the exhaust pipe 4 for introducing the untreated water from the storage tank 3 and the steam generated in the heat treatment chamber 2 to the outside for condensation. The tube 5 is erected substantially vertically so as to penetrate the ceiling surface 2 b from the vicinity of the bottom surface 2 a of the heat treatment chamber 2.
[0021]
The heat treatment chamber 2 is formed of an aluminum casting, an electric heater H is embedded in the bottom surface 2a, and a temperature sensor S for detecting whether or not the untreated water in the treatment chamber 2 has completely evaporated is disposed. Has been.
[0022]
The lower end openings 4a and 5a of the introduction pipe 4 and the exhaust condensing pipe 5 are opened at substantially the same height in the vicinity of the bottom surface 2a of the heat treatment chamber 2 (for example, about 1 cm from the bottom surface 2a).
[0023]
A storage tank 3 for storing untreated water is formed at the upper end 4 b of the introduction pipe 4 so as to be positioned above the heat treatment chamber 2.
The storage tank 3 is formed with a sealable lid 6 on its upper surface, an outlet 7 on its bottom, the inlet pipe 4 connected to the outlet 7 and the lid 6 closed. Thus, it is opened only through the introduction pipe 4 and communicated with the heat treatment chamber 2.
Further, a surge tank 10 for adjusting the internal pressure of the pipe is provided in the middle of the introduction pipe 4, and specifically, the introduction pipe 4 is divided into an upstream introduction pipe 4U and a downstream introduction pipe 4D. Are connected to the inlet 10 in and the outlet 10 out of the surge tank 10 for adjusting the pipe internal pressure .
The surge tank 10 is provided with a variable volume container 11 such as a heat-resistant bag whose volume changes depending on the volume of liquid filled therein, and the liquid supply port 12 is formed outside the surge tank 10.
Thereby, oil etc. can be supplied to the volume variable container 11 from the outside of the surge tank 10, and the volume of the surge tank 10 can be adjusted.
The surge tank 10 is particularly effective as the storage tank 3 has a larger volume (a tank having a diameter of about 1 m).
In other words, an attempt to improve the processing capability, but sea urchin processing amount by which I think was the large capacity of the storage tank 3 is applied, such increases, processing capacity is improved by providing the surge tank 10, of about 3t / hr A throughput was obtained.
By providing the surge tank 10, the supply amount of untreated water supplied from the storage tank 3 side via the introduction pipe 4 and the exhaust amount discharged from the exhaust condensation pipe 5 after being processed in the heat treatment chamber 2 are reduced. It is considered that a pressure state suitable for processing was obtained by balancing.
However, since the processing efficiency varies depending on the capacity of the surge tank 10, it is preferable to provide the variable volume container 11 in the tank 10 so that the surge tank 10 can be adjusted to an appropriate capacity.
In addition, a heat-resistant valve 8 for interrupting / conducting the pipe line is interposed in the downstream introduction pipe 4D .
[0024]
Further, the heat treatment chamber 2 is opened to the atmosphere only through the exhaust condensing pipe 5, and the exhaust condensing pipe 5 passes through a higher position than the storage tank 3, and the drain end 5b side thereof is bent downward so that the drain end. The condensate can be dripped into the purified water recovery tank 9 from 5b.
[0025]
The above is one configuration example of the present invention, and the operation thereof will be described next.
The heat-resistant valve 8 is closed, the lid 6 of the storage tank 3 is opened, and untreated water such as seawater or sewage to be desalinated or purified is placed, and the lid 6 is closed.
At this time, the storage tank 3 is in an airtight state, but first, untreated water flows into the surge tank 10 until its inlet 10 in is blocked, and then when the heat-resistant valve 8 is opened, the lower end of the introduction pipe 4 Since there is a gap between the opening 4a and the bottom surface 2a of the heat treatment chamber 2, air in the heat treatment chamber 2 flows into the storage tank 3 from the lower end opening 4a of the introduction pipe 4 via the surge tank 10, and at the same time Untreated water in the tank 3 flows into the introduction pipe 4 from the outlet 7 and is dropped into the heat treatment chamber 4 through the surge tank 10 .
And when untreated water accumulates in the heat treatment chamber 2 and the lower end opening 4a of the introduction pipe 4 is blocked by the liquid level, no more air flows into the storage tank 3, Water supply is stopped.
[0026]
Next, when the electric heater H is energized and the inside of the heat treatment chamber 2 is raised to 200 to 300 ° C., the untreated water in the heat treatment chamber 2 boils in a short time because there is little.
When vaporization occurs in the liquid due to boiling, the water surface is disturbed by the bubbles, and gaps are formed between the lower end openings 4a and 5a of the introduction pipe 4 and the exhaust condensing pipe 5 and the water surface, or the bubbles are introduced into the introduction pipe 4. The steam in the heat treatment chamber 2 flows into the storage tank 3 from the introduction pipe 4 or escapes to the atmosphere by directly entering the exhaust condensing pipe 5.
[0027]
Thereby, when the internal pressure of the storage tank 3 becomes higher than that of the heat treatment chamber 2, untreated water is dropped into the heat treatment chamber 2 by the amount corresponding to the differential pressure.
Therefore, untreated water is forcibly supplied to the heat treatment chamber 2 little by little according to the volume of bubbles flowing into the storage tank 3 until the storage tank 3 becomes empty without using a pump or the like. It becomes.
[0028]
Even if the internal pressure of the heat treatment chamber 2 becomes higher than that of the storage tank 3, the storage tank 3 is not opened to the atmosphere, so that the steam in the heat treatment chamber 2 escapes to the atmosphere side through the exhaust condensing pipe 5 and is stored. Untreated water does not flow back into the tank 3.
[0029]
That is, since the introduction pipe 4 is not opened to the atmosphere and the exhaust condensing pipe 5 is opened to the atmosphere, it is not treated from the storage tank 3 formed at the upper end of the introduction pipe 4 without using any pumps or direction control valves. Water can be forcibly supplied to the heat treatment chamber 2, and further, a one-way flow is formed in which the vapor evaporated in the heat treatment chamber 2 is discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust condenser 5. Become.
[0030]
And when the vapor | steam which went up the exhaust condensing pipe 5 reaches the top 5c and is condensed, the purified water used as the water droplet will be dripped at the purified water collection tank 9 from the drain end 5b, and will be collect | recovered.
In this way, the untreated water is forcibly supplied little by little from the storage tank 3 to the heat treatment chamber 2 and becomes superheated steam in the heat treatment chamber 2 to separate the impurities from the untreated water containing impurities. Or it decomposes | disassembles and the purified water is collect | recovered via the exhaust condensing pipe 5. FIG.
[0031]
The heat treatment chamber 2 reaches 200 to 300 ° C., and the untreated steam becomes superheated steam having a temperature higher than the boiling point, and this superheated steam cannot freely escape from the exhaust condenser 5 to the outside. Becomes a high pressure and high temperature atmosphere.
Therefore, when oil is contained in untreated water, the oil is exposed to superheated steam, oxygen, and hydrogen under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions, and is decomposed by heating and hydrolysis to lower fatty acids. These are discharged together with steam and condensed, and water containing lower fatty acids is recovered in the purified water recovery tank 9.
[0032]
Further, when the non-volatile solute is dissolved, the water serving as the solvent is instantly evaporated, so that the solute precipitates in the heat treatment chamber 2 in a short time. For example, when seawater is used as the untreated water, the salt concentration in the heat treatment chamber 2 gradually increases and eventually the salt remains, and fresh water is recovered in the purified water recovery tank 9.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to forcibly supply untreated water to the heat treatment chamber little by little until the storage tank is empty without using a pump or a direction control valve. There is a very excellent effect that the untreated water to be treated can be reliably treated in a short time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a water treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a traditional apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ......... Water treatment apparatus 2 ......... Heat treatment chamber 2a ...... Bottom 3 ......... Storage tank 4 ......... Introduction pipe 5 ......... Exhaust condensing pipe 5b ...... Drain end 7 ......... Outlet 8 ... …… Heat-resistant valve 9 ………… Purified water recovery tank 10 ………… Surge tank 11 ………… Variable volume container

Claims (2)

貯留タンクから未処理水を加熱処理室に導入する導入管と、加熱処理室で加熱された未処理水の蒸気を外部に排出して凝縮させる排気凝縮管が、当該加熱処理室の底面近傍から立設されると共に、加熱処理室の外部へ延設された前記排気凝縮管の排水端側が下向きに曲げられて成り、前記導入管の途中に管内圧調整用のサージタンクが介装され、前記サージタンク内には充填される液体の容積によって体積変化する体積可変容器が配されると共に、体積可変容器の液体供給口がサージタンク外に形成されて成り、運転時に貯留タンクが前記導入管のみを介して開口されると共に、加熱処理室が前記排気凝縮管のみを介して大気に開放されることを特徴とする水処理装置。An introduction pipe for introducing untreated water from the storage tank into the heat treatment chamber and an exhaust condensing pipe for discharging and condensing the vapor of untreated water heated in the heat treatment chamber to the outside are provided from the vicinity of the bottom surface of the heat treatment chamber. The drainage end side of the exhaust condensing pipe extended to the outside of the heat treatment chamber is bent downward, and a surge tank for adjusting the internal pressure of the pipe is interposed in the introduction pipe, The surge tank is provided with a variable volume container that changes in volume depending on the volume of the liquid to be filled, and the liquid supply port of the variable volume container is formed outside the surge tank. The water treatment apparatus is characterized in that the heat treatment chamber is opened to the atmosphere only through the exhaust condensing pipe. 前記貯留タンクの上面に、開閉可能な密閉蓋が形成されると共に、導入管には、加熱処理室とサージタンクの間に、当該管路を導通/遮断する耐熱バルブが介装されてなる請求項1記載の水処理装置。A sealing lid that can be opened and closed is formed on the upper surface of the storage tank, and a heat-resistant valve that connects / disconnects the pipe line is interposed between the heat treatment chamber and the surge tank in the introduction pipe. Item 2. A water treatment apparatus according to item 1.
JP2001083696A 2001-03-22 2001-03-22 Water treatment equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3689012B2 (en)

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