JP3687897B2 - Artificial ankle - Google Patents

Artificial ankle Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3687897B2
JP3687897B2 JP2000341928A JP2000341928A JP3687897B2 JP 3687897 B2 JP3687897 B2 JP 3687897B2 JP 2000341928 A JP2000341928 A JP 2000341928A JP 2000341928 A JP2000341928 A JP 2000341928A JP 3687897 B2 JP3687897 B2 JP 3687897B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
component
ankle joint
talus
intermediate component
tibial
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JP2000341928A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002143192A (en
Inventor
徹 勝呂
孝一 蔵本
慶太郎 山本
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Nakashima Propeller Co Ltd
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Nakashima Propeller Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/42Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes
    • A61F2/4202Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes for ankles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、人工足関節に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
足関節がリウマチや変形性関節症等で高度に損傷を受けると、他の関節と同様に人工足関節で置換することが行われている。しかし、足関節は、体重のほとんどがかかる荷重関節であり、加えて、高荷重下での転がりと滑りの両方が求められることから、その機能には特有のものが要求される。
【0003】
現在、用いられている人工足関節には次のようなものがある。その一は、特公昭60−43136号公報に示されるところの、前後方向に曲率を有する円柱部を設けて距骨に装着される距骨コンポーネントと、円柱部上に前後方向に摺動可能に載るとともに、自身も左右方向に並行移動できて脛骨に装着される脛骨コンポーネントとからなるシリンドリカルタイプと称されるものである。足関節も、距骨と脛骨とは前後及び左右方向に屈曲伸展ができなければならないから、それぞれでこの動きを分担させたものである。しかし、左右方向への安易な可動はずれを生じて脱臼を起こすおそれがある。
【0004】
このため、実公昭62−32021号公報には、この左右方向の移動を規制し、前後方向の摺動運動のみにしたコニカルタイプと称するものが提案されている。しかし、これでは動きが拘束され過ぎてしまい、置換後の軽度の外傷等、僅かな外力が加わっても、緩みが生ずることが危惧される。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、前後移動も無制限に許容されては脱臼を起こしてしまうが、上記した先行例では、これを規制する効果的な手段が施されていない。加えて、足関節に要求される機能は、以上の前後及び左右方向の屈曲伸展に加えて距骨が脛骨の骨軸の回りを旋回できる、回旋も必要である。しかし、以上の先行例のもので回旋させようとすれば、相対するコンポーネントの摺接面が浮き上がることになり、大きな抵抗が生じて事実上できない。
【0006】
更に、足関節も他の人工関節と同様に手術手技が容易なことも条件である。手術前には細心の注意をはらって適切な切除域や術法を設定するが、実際の場では違ってくることがあり、必ずしも最適にセットできないことがある。又、手術後に生体になじんで最初のセットと違ってくることもある。特に、距骨コンポーネントが距骨の皮質骨からずれて海綿骨の中に落ち込む、沈み込みは深刻な問題である。このようになると、十分な機能が発揮できず、甚だしいときには再手術が必要になったりする。本発明は、上記した欠点を解消したものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
以上の課題の下、本発明は、足関節に置換される人工足関節であり、この人工足関節が、前後方向に曲率を有し、かつ中央が凹んだ凹面溝をしている円柱部を上面に設けて距骨に装着される距骨コンポーネントと、円柱部上に前後方向に摺動可能に載り、上面は中心を最深点とする比較的大きな曲率半径を有する凹面形に形成された中間コンポーネントと、中間コンポーネントの上面の上に前後及び左右方向に摺動可能に載り、脛骨に装着される脛骨コンポーネントとからなることを特徴とする人工足関節を提供したものである。
【0008】
本発明の人工足関節に必要にして十分な構成は、距骨コンポーネントに対して前後移動が許容される中間コンポーネントと、中間コンポーネントに対して前後及び僅かな左右移動が許容される脛骨コンポーネントとである。即ち、従来の人工足関節が2コンポーネントで構成されていたのに対して本発明のそれは3コンポーネントで構成される点に最大の特徴がある。このような3コンポーネントで構成すると、手術の際に最適なセットができなかったことや手術後のなじみによる最初のセットからのずれを三者、特に中間コンポーネントが吸収できる利点がある。
【0009】
この場合において、中間コンポーネントに対する脛骨コンポーネントの前後移動が左右移動を僅かに許容するガイド機構によって導かれるとともに、このガイド機構に一定範囲以上の前後移動を規制するストッパ機構を設けておけば、前後及び左右移動の無制限な移動が規制され、脱臼を防ぐ。更に、距骨コンポーネントを構成する円柱部の平面形状が前広後狭の台形をしているとすれば、距骨の切除形状に沿ったものとなり、全周が万遍なく皮質骨の上に載って沈み込みを防止できる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。図1は本発明に係る人工足関節を装着した状態の側面断面図、図2は背面断面図、図3は図2のAーA断面図、図4はこの人工足関節を構成する距骨コンポーネントの斜視図、図5は平面図、図6は中間コンポーネントの斜視図、図7は脛骨コンポーネントの斜視図であるが、足の骨は、距骨1の上に脛骨2が存在し、両者の接合面が関節を形成している。本発明の人工足関節では、距骨1の上に距骨コンポーネント3が装着され、その上に中間コンポーネント4を挟んで脛骨コンポーネント5が脛骨2に装着され、これら三者で関節部を構成することになる。
【0011】
このうち、距骨コンポーネント3は、距骨1に装着した際に前後方向に向く曲率を有する円柱部6と、円柱部6の下面に突出するステム7とからなる。このステム7は、距骨1に装着される際に髄腔内に挿入されて固定の強化を図るためのものである。この場合において、円柱部6は、正面視では中央が凹んだ凹面形をしており、平面視では前広後狭の台形をしている。凹面形にするのは、この上に載る中間コンポーネント4が左右にずれないためであり、台形にするのは、装着する際に距骨1の近位端を平坦に整形するが、その整形形状に合わせて円柱部6が距骨1の周縁の皮質骨1a全体に載るようにするためである。
【0012】
中間コンポーネント4は、底面が円柱部6の曲率に沿う曲率を有している全体的には平板体8をしており、本例の場合、上面は中心を最深点とする比較的大きな曲率半径を有する凹面形に形成され、左右両側面には溝9が形成されたものである。この中間コンポーネント4を距骨コンポーネント3の上に載せると、中間コンポーネント4は距骨コンポーネント3に対してその曲率に沿って前後に回動できるものとなる。尚、左右両側面の溝9は後述するストッパ機構に必要なものであり、本例では、前後端が底が浅いものとなっている。上面の凹面形はこの上に載る脛骨コンポーネント5の前後左右の摺動と回旋を可能にするとともに、この際に最深点へ復帰を助けるセルフセンタリング機能を発揮させるためである。尚、中間コンポーネント4の上面と脛骨コンポーネント5の底面の凹凸は前記と逆であっても、セルフセンタリング機能は発揮するし、たとえフラットであっても、荷重がかかることから、セルフセンタリング機能は発生する。
【0013】
脛骨コンポーネント5は、底面が中間コンポーネント4の上面に載る概ね平板体10をしており、上面にステム11が突設されたものである。そして、左右両側面には中間コンポーネント4の溝9に突入する突起部12が形成されている。この場合の突起部12は、前後端を欠落させて中央部分に形成されており、内側方向への出っ張りの先端は溝9の底までは達しておらず(一定の隙間を有する)、かつ、前後端の浅底部分よりは深くなっている(図3)。又、突起部12の厚みは溝9の幅よりはかなり狭く設定されているし、突起部12の付け根の縦壁部分は中間コンポーネント4の左右幅よりは広く設定されている(一定の隙間を有する)。
【0014】
これにより、脛骨コンポーネント5が中間コンポーネント4上を前後移動するときには、突起部12と溝9とがガイド機構を構成し、左右にブレることなく移動する。尚、脛骨コンポーネント5と中間コンポーネント4の摺接面が中央部を最深点とする凹凸面に形成されていると、脛骨コンポーネント5が移動する際には突起部12も上動することになるが、これは、突起部12の厚みが溝9の幅よりかなり狭く設定されていることで対応できる。
【0015】
更に、突起部12と溝9の浅底部分とはストッパ機構を構成することになり、脛骨コンポーネント5が中間コンポーネント4上を前後方向に移動しても、脱臼しない一定の範囲でその動きが規制されるようになっている。尚、こうすると、突起部12が溝9に挿入できないことになるが、脛骨コンポーネント5と中間コンポーネント4の一方又は双方を弾性変形が可能な素材で構成しておけば、ある程度強力に押し込むことでこれが可能になる(所謂、スナップイン)。又、上記した突起部12と溝9との関係にしておくことで、脛骨コンポーネント5は中間コンポーネント4に対して左右方向への僅かな摺動及び回旋を可能にする。この場合においても、突起部12の付け根の縦壁部分が中間コンポーネント4の左右端面に当たるとそれ以上の移動が規制され、突起部10の先端が溝9の底に当たるとそれ以上の回旋が規制されて、脱臼が防がれる。
【0016】
以上の人工足関節は、手術によって距骨1と脛骨2とに装着される。まず、距骨コンポーネント3の装着は、距骨1の近位端を切除して平坦に整形し、その上に円柱部6を据えてステム7を髄腔内に挿入する(必要なら骨セメント等も使用する)。このとき、円柱部6の平面形状は、整形した距骨1の平面形状に合わせて前広後狭にしてあるから、硬い皮質骨1aの上に万遍なく載り、沈み込みが避けられる。
【0017】
同様に脛骨2の遠位端も平坦に切除し、これに脛骨コンポーネント5の上面を当ててステム11を髄腔内に挿入して固定する(骨セメント等を使用することがあるのは上記と同じ)。そして、中間コンポーネント4をこれに嵌め込み、その下面を距骨コンポーネント3の上面に沿わせれば装着は終了する。従って、距骨コンポーネント3及び脛骨コンポーネント5の装着時、この中間コンポーネント4の厚み分のスペースが空いており、装着が容易であると言える。この場合において、距骨1や脛骨2の切除代を3コンポーネントからなる人工足関節の厚みに応じて行い、生体関節と同じ高さに設定するのであるが、このときの最終的な高さ調整は、中間コンポーネント4の厚みで調整することになる。
【0018】
以上により、距骨と脛骨との関節は人工足関節に置換される。足関節がこのような人工足関節に置換されると、距骨と脛骨とは前後方向への回動を主運動として若干の左右移動及び回旋も可能になり、生体足関節に近い動きができる。これらの動きは、三つのコンポーネントが自己判断してそれぞれが適切に動くことになるから、抵抗の少ない動きとなる。以上の動きを円滑に行うためには、距骨コンポーネントと脛骨コンポーネントは生体適合性のある金属又はセラミックといった素材が適し(本例ではCo−Cr−Mo合金を採用)、中間コンポーネントはこれらと滑りの相性の良い超高分子量ポリエチレンが適する。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
以上、本発明に係る人工足関節は、距骨に固定される距骨コンポーネントと、脛骨に固定される脛骨コンポーネントと、この両者の間に介在する中間コンポーネントとからなる3コンポーネントにしたものであるから、まず第一に、手術時に何らかの理由で最適にセットできなかったり、手術後に生体になじんで最初のセットとは違って来たような場合でも、このずれを3コンポーネント、特に中間コンポーネントが吸収し、不適合な状態にまで至らせない利点がある。第二には、前後回動に加えて左右動及び回旋も可能であるから、生体足関節に近い動きができるとともに、この動きを三者の協働ですることになるから、動きが円滑になり、靱帯や腱に過度の負担をかけない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一例を示す人工足関節を装着した状態の側面断面図である。
【図2】本発明の一例を示す人工足関節を装着した状態の背面断面図である。
【図3】図2のAーA断面図である。
【図4】本発明の一例を示す距骨コンポーネントの斜視図である。
【図5】本発明の一例を示す距骨コンポーネントの平面図である。
【図6】本発明の一例を示す中間コンポーネントの斜視図である。
【図7】本発明の一例を示す脛骨コンポーネントの斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 距骨
2 脛骨
3 距骨コンポーネント
4 中間コンポーネント
5 脛骨コンポーネント
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an artificial ankle joint.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When an ankle joint is highly damaged due to rheumatism, osteoarthritis or the like, it is replaced with an artificial ankle joint like other joints. However, the ankle joint is a load joint that takes up most of its weight, and in addition, since both rolling and sliding under high loads are required, unique functions are required.
[0003]
The following artificial ankle joints are currently used. The first is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-43136, and is provided with a columnar portion having a curvature in the front-rear direction and mounted on the talus, and slidably mounted on the columnar portion in the front-rear direction. The cylinder itself is called a cylindrical type that includes a tibial component that can move in parallel in the left-right direction and is attached to the tibia. As for the ankle joint, the talus and tibia must be able to bend and extend in the front-rear and left-right directions. However, there is a risk that dislocation occurs due to the easy movement in the left-right direction.
[0004]
Therefore, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-32021 proposes a conical type in which the movement in the left-right direction is restricted and only the sliding movement in the front-rear direction is performed. However, in this case, the movement is excessively restrained, and even if a slight external force such as a slight trauma after replacement is applied, there is a concern that loosening may occur.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, dislocation occurs if the back-and-forth movement is allowed without limitation. However, in the above-described previous example, no effective means for restricting this is provided. In addition, the function required for the ankle joint requires rotation that allows the talus to turn around the bone axis of the tibia in addition to the above-described longitudinal and lateral flexion and extension. However, if it is attempted to rotate with the preceding example, the sliding contact surfaces of the opposing components will be lifted, and a large resistance will be generated, which is practically impossible.
[0006]
Furthermore, it is also a condition that an ankle joint can be easily operated like other artificial joints. Although an appropriate excision area and operation method are set with great care before surgery, it may differ in the actual situation and may not always be optimally set. In addition, it may become different from the first set because it is familiar with the living body after surgery. In particular, subsidence is a serious problem, as the talus component deviates from the cortical bone of the talus and falls into the cancellous bone. If this happens, it will not be able to perform its full function, and may require re-operation when it is severe. The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Under the above object, the present invention is a prosthetic ankle joint is replaced by ankle, the ankle prosthesis is, have a curvature in the longitudinal direction, and a cylindrical portion which has a concave groove recessed central a talar component that is attached to the talus is provided on the upper surface, Ri slidably mounting in the longitudinal direction on the cylindrical portion, the intermediate component upper surface is formed in a concave shape having a relatively large radius of curvature to the deepest point of the center And a tibial component mounted on the upper surface of the intermediate component so as to be slidable in the front-rear and left-right directions and attached to the tibia.
[0008]
A necessary and sufficient configuration for the artificial ankle joint of the present invention is an intermediate component that is allowed to move back and forth with respect to the talus component, and a tibial component that is allowed to move back and forth and slightly to the left and right with respect to the intermediate component. . That is, while the conventional artificial ankle joint is composed of two components, the present invention is characterized in that it is composed of three components. The three components are advantageous in that the three components, particularly the intermediate component, can absorb the deviation from the first set due to the fact that the optimal set cannot be made during the operation and the familiarity after the operation.
[0009]
In this case, the longitudinal movement of the tibial component relative to the intermediate component is guided by a guide mechanism that slightly allows lateral movement, and if a stopper mechanism that restricts the longitudinal movement beyond a certain range is provided in the guide mechanism, Unrestricted left-right movement is restricted, preventing dislocation. Furthermore, if the planar shape of the columnar part that forms the talar component is a trapezoid that narrows forward and backward, it will be along the excised shape of the talus, and the entire circumference will rest on the cortical bone evenly. Sinking can be prevented.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side sectional view of the artificial ankle joint according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a rear sectional view, FIG. 3 is an AA sectional view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a talus component constituting the artificial ankle joint. FIG. 5 is a plan view, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an intermediate component, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a tibial component. In the foot bone, the tibia 2 is present on the talus 1 and the two are joined. The face forms a joint. In the artificial ankle joint of the present invention, the talus component 3 is mounted on the talus 1, and the tibial component 5 is mounted on the tibia 2 with the intermediate component 4 interposed therebetween, and these three members constitute the joint portion. Become.
[0011]
Of these components, the talus component 3 includes a columnar portion 6 having a curvature that faces in the front-rear direction when mounted on the talus 1, and a stem 7 that protrudes from the lower surface of the columnar portion 6. The stem 7 is inserted into the medullary cavity when it is attached to the talus 1 to strengthen the fixation. In this case, the columnar portion 6 has a concave shape with a concave center when viewed from the front, and has a trapezoidal shape that is narrow before and after when viewed from above. The concave shape is that the intermediate component 4 placed thereon does not shift to the left and right, and the trapezoidal shape is that the proximal end of the talus 1 is shaped flat when mounted, In addition, the cylindrical portion 6 is placed on the entire cortical bone 1 a at the periphery of the talus 1.
[0012]
The intermediate component 4 has an overall flat plate body 8 whose bottom surface has a curvature that follows the curvature of the cylindrical portion 6. In this example, the upper surface has a relatively large radius of curvature with the center as the deepest point. The groove 9 is formed on both the left and right side surfaces. When the intermediate component 4 is placed on the talus component 3, the intermediate component 4 can rotate back and forth along its curvature with respect to the talus component 3. The grooves 9 on the left and right side surfaces are necessary for a stopper mechanism described later, and in this example, the front and rear ends have shallow bottoms. The concave shape of the upper surface enables sliding and turning of the tibial component 5 mounted on the upper and lower sides and the left and right, and at the same time, exerts a self-centering function that helps returning to the deepest point. Even if the irregularities on the upper surface of the intermediate component 4 and the bottom surface of the tibial component 5 are opposite to those described above, the self-centering function is exhibited, and even if it is flat, a load is applied. To do.
[0013]
The tibial component 5 has a substantially flat body 10 whose bottom surface is placed on the upper surface of the intermediate component 4, and a stem 11 is protruded from the upper surface. And the protrusion part 12 which penetrates into the groove | channel 9 of the intermediate | middle component 4 is formed in the right-and-left both sides | surfaces. In this case, the protrusion 12 is formed in the center portion with the front and rear ends omitted, and the tip of the protruding inward direction does not reach the bottom of the groove 9 (having a certain gap), and It is deeper than the shallow bottom portions at the front and rear ends (FIG. 3). Further, the thickness of the protrusion 12 is set to be considerably narrower than the width of the groove 9, and the vertical wall portion at the base of the protrusion 12 is set to be wider than the left and right width of the intermediate component 4 (with a certain gap). Have).
[0014]
Thereby, when the tibial component 5 moves back and forth on the intermediate component 4, the protrusion 12 and the groove 9 constitute a guide mechanism and move without blurring from side to side. In addition, when the sliding contact surface of the tibial component 5 and the intermediate component 4 is formed as an uneven surface having the deepest point at the center, the projecting portion 12 also moves upward when the tibial component 5 moves. This can be dealt with because the thickness of the protrusion 12 is set to be considerably narrower than the width of the groove 9.
[0015]
Further, the protrusion 12 and the shallow portion of the groove 9 constitute a stopper mechanism, and even if the tibial component 5 moves on the intermediate component 4 in the front-rear direction, its movement is restricted within a certain range that does not dislocation. It has come to be. In this case, the protrusion 12 cannot be inserted into the groove 9, but if one or both of the tibial component 5 and the intermediate component 4 are made of a material that can be elastically deformed, the protrusion 12 can be pushed to a certain extent. This becomes possible (so-called snap-in). In addition, the tibial component 5 can be slightly slid and rotated in the left-right direction with respect to the intermediate component 4 by maintaining the relationship between the protrusion 12 and the groove 9 described above. Even in this case, when the vertical wall portion of the base of the protrusion 12 hits the left and right end surfaces of the intermediate component 4, further movement is restricted, and when the tip of the protrusion 10 hits the bottom of the groove 9, further rotation is restricted. Dislocation is prevented.
[0016]
The above artificial ankle joint is attached to the talus 1 and the tibia 2 by surgery. First, the talus component 3 is mounted by excising the proximal end of the talus 1 and shaping it flat, placing the column 6 on it and inserting the stem 7 into the medullary cavity (if necessary, bone cement or the like is also used) To do). At this time, since the planar shape of the cylindrical portion 6 is narrowed forward and backward in accordance with the planar shape of the shaped talar 1, the cylindrical portion 6 is uniformly placed on the hard cortical bone 1 a and subduction is avoided.
[0017]
Similarly, the distal end of the tibia 2 is also cut out flat, and the top surface of the tibial component 5 is applied thereto and the stem 11 is inserted into the medullary cavity and fixed (the bone cement or the like may be used as described above). the same). Then, when the intermediate component 4 is fitted into this and the lower surface thereof is aligned with the upper surface of the talar component 3, the mounting is completed. Therefore, it can be said that when the talar component 3 and the tibial component 5 are mounted, a space corresponding to the thickness of the intermediate component 4 is vacant and mounting is easy. In this case, the excision allowance of the talus 1 and the tibia 2 is performed according to the thickness of the artificial ankle joint composed of three components and set to the same height as the living joint. However, the final height adjustment at this time is The thickness of the intermediate component 4 is adjusted.
[0018]
As described above, the joint between the talus and tibia is replaced with the artificial ankle joint. When the ankle joint is replaced with such an artificial ankle joint, the talus and tibia can be moved slightly to the left and right and rotated with the forward and backward rotation as the main movement, and can move close to a living ankle joint. These movements are movements with less resistance because the three components make their own judgments and move appropriately. For smooth movement, the talus and tibial components are preferably made of a biocompatible metal or ceramic material (in this example, a Co-Cr-Mo alloy is used), and the intermediate component is slippery with them. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene with good compatibility is suitable.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the artificial ankle joint according to the present invention is made of three components including a talus component fixed to the talus, a tibial component fixed to the tibia, and an intermediate component interposed therebetween. First of all, even if it cannot be optimally set for some reason at the time of surgery, or if it is different from the first set after adapting to the living body, this deviation is absorbed by 3 components, especially the intermediate component, There is an advantage that does not lead to non-conformity. Secondly, in addition to forward and backward rotation, left and right movements and rotations are also possible, so that it can move close to a living ankle joint, and this movement is the cooperation of the three parties, so the movement is smooth Do not put excessive burden on ligaments and tendons.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a state in which an artificial ankle joint according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted.
FIG. 2 is a rear cross-sectional view of a state where an artificial ankle joint according to an example of the present invention is mounted.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a talar component illustrating an example of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a talar component illustrating an example of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an intermediate component showing an example of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a tibial component illustrating an example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Talar 2 Tibial 3 Talar component 4 Intermediate component 5 Tibial component

Claims (5)

足関節に置換される人工足関節であり、この人工足関節が、前後方向に曲率を有し、かつ中央が凹んだ凹面溝をしている円柱部を上面に設けて距骨に装着される距骨コンポーネントと、円柱部上に前後方向に摺動可能に載り、上面は中心を最深点とする比較的大きな曲率半径を有する凹面形に形成された中間コンポーネントと、中間コンポーネントの上面の上に前後及び左右方向に摺動可能に載り、脛骨に装着される脛骨コンポーネントとからなることを特徴とする人工足関節。Talar an artificial ankle joint which is substituted in the ankle, the ankle prosthesis is to be mounted have a curvature in the longitudinal direction, and a cylindrical portion which has a concave groove recessed central talus provided on the upper surface components and, Ri slidably mounting in the longitudinal direction on the cylindrical portion, an upper surface and an intermediate component which is formed in a concave shape having a relatively large radius of curvature to the deepest point of the center, before and after on the upper surface of the intermediate component And a tibial component that is slidable in the left-right direction and is attached to the tibia. 中間コンポーネントに対する脛骨コンポーネントの前後移動が左右移動を僅かに許容するガイド機構によって導かれるとともに、このガイド機構に一定範囲以上の前後移動を規制するストッパ機構が設けられている請求項1の人工足関節。  The artificial ankle joint according to claim 1, wherein the tibial component is moved back and forth with respect to the intermediate component by a guide mechanism that slightly allows left and right movement, and the guide mechanism is provided with a stopper mechanism that restricts back and forth movement beyond a certain range. . 脛骨コンポートが中間コンポーネントに対して平面回動が許容されるものである請求項1又は2の人工足関節。  The artificial ankle joint according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tibial compote is allowed to rotate in a plane with respect to the intermediate component. 距骨コンポーネントの円柱部の平面形状が前広後狭の台形をしている請求項1〜3いずれかの人工足関節。  The artificial ankle joint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the planar shape of the columnar portion of the talar component is a trapezoid that narrows forward and backward. 距骨コンポーネント及び脛骨コンポーネントが生体適合性の金属又はセラミックで構成され、中間コンポーネントが超高分子量ポリエチレンで構成される請求項1〜4いずれかの人工足関節。  The artificial ankle joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the talus component and the tibial component are made of biocompatible metal or ceramic, and the intermediate component is made of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene.
JP2000341928A 2000-11-09 2000-11-09 Artificial ankle Expired - Lifetime JP3687897B2 (en)

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US8070816B2 (en) 2004-03-29 2011-12-06 3Hbfm, Llc Arthroplasty spinal prosthesis and insertion device
AT502926B1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2011-04-15 Alphamed Medizintechnik Fischer Gmbh ANKLE PROSTHESIS ELEMENTS
AU2006223238B2 (en) * 2005-03-14 2011-09-29 Inbone Technologies, Inc. Ankle replacement system
FR2907657B1 (en) * 2006-10-26 2009-07-10 Newdeal Soc Par Actions Simpli ANKLE PROSTHESIS WITH NEUTRAL POSITION ADJUSTMENT
GB2477661B (en) 2006-12-23 2011-12-14 Corin Ltd Improvements in and relating to an ankle prosthesis
US9610168B2 (en) 2014-05-12 2017-04-04 Integra Lifesciences Corporation Total ankle replacement prosthesis

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