JP3687246B2 - Filtration machine having a vertical cylindrical filtration element - Google Patents

Filtration machine having a vertical cylindrical filtration element Download PDF

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JP3687246B2
JP3687246B2 JP00910297A JP910297A JP3687246B2 JP 3687246 B2 JP3687246 B2 JP 3687246B2 JP 00910297 A JP00910297 A JP 00910297A JP 910297 A JP910297 A JP 910297A JP 3687246 B2 JP3687246 B2 JP 3687246B2
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Prior art keywords
filter cloth
vertical cylinder
filter
vertical
cake
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JP00910297A
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JPH10202017A (en
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仁史 梶谷
靖 稗田
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石川島播磨重工業株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、原液中に含まれる固形物を濾布上に堆積させ分離する縦型筒状濾過エレメントを有する濾過機に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
原液中に含まれる固形物を分離し取り出すため濾過機が用いられる。濾過機は圧力容器中に多数の開口を有する筒状体を有し、この筒状体に直接または濾布を被せ、圧力容器に原液を供給し筒状体より濾液を取り出すことにより、筒状体またはこの上に被せた濾布に堆積したケーキ(堆積物)を分離して取り出すようにしている。このため、濾過作業が終わると圧力容器中に乾燥用気体を供給しケーキを乾燥させ、次に筒状体の内部より気体をバックブローし、ケーキにクラック(亀裂)を発生させ筒状体またはこの上に被せた濾布よりケーキを剥離させ、これを回収する。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ケーキは濾過中は圧力容器内の圧力と大気開放された筒状体内の圧力との差圧により筒状体表面または濾布表面に保持されている。濾過工程終了後、乾燥させ気体バックブローによりケーキにクラックを発生させ剥離させるが、原液の種類によっては剥離しがたいケーキもある。特開平8−126806号公報には筒状体の表面に直接ケーキを堆積させる方式で円筒体(エレメント)を気体バックブローで伸縮する材料で構成し、円筒体をスパイラル状の形状とし、気体ブローで円筒体がねじれることにより、ケーキの剥離を容易にする技術が開示されている。しかし、この場合エレメント自体に凹凸を付けた多数の開口を設け、さらにねじれ形状としているので構造が複雑で製作が難しい。またねじれ形状はケーキの種類(原液の種類)によって剥離困難なものはねじれ具合を強くする等の変更が必要であるが、このような変更は困難である。
【0004】
本発明は、かかる問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、簡単な構造で、かつケーキの種類応じて適したケーキ保持及び剥離機能のある縦型筒状濾過エレメントを有する濾過機を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、請求項1の発明では、圧力容器内に縦型筒体を有し圧力容器内に加圧した原液を供給して縦型筒体より濾液を取り出し、濾布上の堆積物を乾燥し縦型筒体内に加圧気体を注入して分離する縦型筒状濾過エレメントを有する濾過機において、前記圧力容器の内部に導通する複数の開口を有しており、円弧部分が外側を向き、前記縦型筒体の内部と導通し、その軸が前記縦型筒体の軸と平行となり、かつ、縦型筒体の周方向に密接するように前記縦型筒体の外周面に設けられた複数の中空円筒の半割り管と、前記複数の半割り管の外側面を覆うように取り付けられた前記濾布と、前記濾布をその外側から前記複数の半割り管に締め付けるように、前記縦型筒体の軸方向に間隔を置いて取り付けられた複数のバンドと、を備え、前記原液は、前記濾布及び前記複数の開口を通って濾液として前記縦型筒体の内部に導入され、互いに隣接する前記半割り管の間には原液からの堆積物が堆積する窪みが、前記半割り管に取り付けられた濾布面により形成されている。
【0006】
縦型筒体外面に設けられた濾布上に間隔を有して複数のバンドを設けることにより、濾過後ケーキを乾燥し縦型筒体内より加圧気体でバックブローすると、濾布は膨らむがバンドの位置では変形が拘束される。これによりバンドの位置ではクラックが他の位置より発生し難くなる。なお、バックブロー以前の状態では、バンドは濾布のたるみを制限するのと同時にケーキが落下するのを押さえるアンカーとなる。また他の性状のケーキの場合、バンドの間隔を密又は粗にすることによりケーキ保持が可能となり、バンド間隔もケーキ性状に合わせて容易に変更できる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
図1は本発明の実施形態の構成を示す濾過機の縦断面図である。圧力容器1は下部に原液管2とドレン抜き管3、および底部にはケーキ排出弁5が設けられ、頂部に設けられた蓋にはオーバフロー管4が設けられている。原液管2には図示しない原液タンクより濾過ポンプを介して濾過すべき固体を含んだ原液が、例えば、5kg/cm2 程度の圧力で供給される。ドレン抜き管3は濾過工程終了後残った原液やフィルタエレメント6を逆洗したときの洗浄水を排出する。オーバフロー管4は原液や逆洗浄水のオーバフローおよびフィルタエレメント6上に堆積したケーキの乾燥用気体ブローに用いられる。ケーキ搬出弁5はフィルタエレメント6上に堆積したケーキをフィルタエレメント6内からの気体バックブローにより剥離させたものを排出するのに用いられる。フィルタエレメント6は原液から固体を濾過し表面にケーキとして付着させ、気体バックブローにより剥離する。レジスタ管7は複数本のフィルタエレメント6を垂直に下げ、フィルタエレメント6で分離した濾液を排出するとともに、気体バックブローをフィルタエレメント6に注入してケーキを剥離させる。
【0008】
図2はフィルタエレメント6の詳細構造図および濾過中の濾布12の状態とケーキの付着状態を示す。(A)は縦断面図、(B)は(A)のX−X断面図、(C)はY−Y断面図を示す。フィルタエレメント6は中空円筒のライザ管10と、中空円筒の半割り管で多数の開口11aを有しライザ管10の周囲に6個設けられたキャンドルピース11と、キャンドルピース11の外面を覆う濾布12と、濾布12上に垂直方向一定の間隔で設けられたバンド13より構成される。
【0009】
ライザ管10は水平に配置されたレジスタ管7の下部に垂直に接続され、濾過して生じた濾液をレジスタ管7に送り込むとともに、下端でキャンドルピース11と導通し、濾液が流入する。キャンドルピース11は表面に多数の小開口11aを有し、ライザ管6の周囲に取付けられ、表面に取付けられた濾布12により原液から分離した濾液を下端からライザ管10へ送る。濾布12は伸縮性のある布で原液より固形物を分離して表面に堆積し、濾液をキャンドルピース11の開口へ送る。キャンドルピース11に巻きつけられた濾布12は垂直方向に一定の間隔で設けられたバンド13により締めつけられている。バンド13は原液によって腐食されない金属材料またはプラスチックスで構成され、止め金により容易に着脱できるように構成されている。バンド13の間隔は濾布12に付着するケーキ14の付着強さによって決まり、付着力の大きなものに対しては間隔を大きくし、小さいものに対しては小さな間隔とする。またケーキ14を小さな破片にして剥離するにはバンド間隔を小さくする。このようにバンド13の材質、取付け間隔はケーキ14の形状、排出目的、濾布12の伸びなどにより選択される。
【0010】
図2(B)は濾過時原液と大気開放されている濾液との差圧により濾布12がキャンドルピース11の表面に張りつき、この濾布12の形状に合わせた形状に固形物が蓄積されてケーキ14を構成する様子を示す。(C)はバンド13を濾布12上に巻きつけた状態を示す。
【0011】
図3は気体バックブローしてケーキにクラックを発生させ剥離する状態を示す。(A)の構成は図2(A)と同じで気体バックブローの流れが濾液の流れと逆になっている。(B)はキャンドルピース11の開口11aより流れ出るエアにより濾布12が円筒状に膨らみ、これにつれて付着しているケーキ14も膨らみ、これによりケーキ14にクラックが発生する。(C)はバンド13の位置を示し、ここでは濾布12の膨らみが拘束される。
【0012】
以上の説明ではキャンドルピース型のフィルタエレメントについて説明したが、周囲に多数の開口を設けた中空円筒の外面に濾布を巻き付けたタイプのフィルタエレメントにも同様に適用できる。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明より明らかなように、本発明は、フィルタエレメントの濾布上に間隔を設けてバンドを配置することにより次のような効果を奏する。
▲1▼濾過中はバンドの上にも固形物(ケーキ)が堆積し、バンド以外に堆積した固形物と一体となるので、バンドにより固形物の濾布への固着を強化する。
▲2▼抜液中やスチームブロー、気体ブロー等により固形物乾燥中に固形物にクラックが入ってもバンド部で支持して落下を防止する。特に固形物にクラックが入ると固形物を濾布に押しつける差圧を維持することが難しくなるのでバンドは有効に作用する。
▲3▼固形物を気体でバックブローしクラックを発生させ剥離させるとき、バンド間隔を小さくすることにより剥離する固形物を小さな固まりとすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施形態の濾過機の構成を示す図である。
【図2】フィルタエレメントの構成と濾過時の濾布とケーキの形状を示す。
【図3】フィルタエレメントの構成と気体バックブロー時の濾布とケーキの形状を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 圧力容器
2 原液管
3 ドレン抜き管
4 オーバフロー管
5 ケーキ排出弁
6 フィルタエレメント
7 レジスタ管
10 ライザ管
11 キャンドルピース
11a 開口
12 濾布
13 バンド
14 ケーキ
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a filter having a vertical cylindrical filtration element that deposits and separates solids contained in a stock solution on a filter cloth.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A filter is used to separate and remove the solids contained in the stock solution. The filter has a cylindrical body having a large number of openings in the pressure vessel. The cylindrical body is directly or directly covered with a filter cloth, the stock solution is supplied to the pressure vessel, and the filtrate is taken out from the cylindrical body. The cake (sediment) deposited on the body or the filter cloth placed thereon is separated and taken out. For this reason, when the filtering operation is completed, the drying gas is supplied into the pressure vessel to dry the cake, and then the gas is back blown from the inside of the cylindrical body to generate cracks in the cylindrical body or The cake is peeled off from the filter cloth placed on this, and this is recovered.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
During the filtration, the cake is held on the surface of the cylindrical body or the filter cloth surface by the differential pressure between the pressure in the pressure vessel and the pressure in the cylindrical body opened to the atmosphere. After completion of the filtration step, the cake is dried and cracked by gas back blow to cause the cake to peel, but there are cakes that are difficult to peel depending on the type of stock solution. In JP-A-8-126806, a cylindrical body (element) is made of a material that expands and contracts by gas back blow by a method of depositing cake directly on the surface of the cylindrical body, and the cylindrical body has a spiral shape, A technique for facilitating the peeling of the cake by twisting the cylindrical body is disclosed. However, in this case, the element itself is provided with a number of openings with irregularities, and further has a twisted shape, so the structure is complicated and difficult to manufacture. In addition, the twist shape is difficult to peel depending on the type of cake (type of stock solution), and it is necessary to change the twisting strength. However, such a change is difficult.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and provides a filter having a vertical cylindrical filtration element having a simple structure and suitable cake holding and peeling functions according to the type of cake. Objective.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, in the invention of claim 1, comprising a vertical tubular body in a pressure vessel, taken out of the filtrate from the vertical cylindrical body to supply pressurized stock into the pressure vessel, the filter cloth In a filter having a vertical cylindrical filtration element that dries and deposits a pressurized gas into a vertical cylinder and has a plurality of openings connected to the inside of the pressure vessel. The vertical cylinder so that the portion faces outward, is electrically connected to the inside of the vertical cylinder, its axis is parallel to the axis of the vertical cylinder, and is in close contact with the circumferential direction of the vertical cylinder A plurality of hollow cylindrical halves provided on the outer peripheral surface of the plurality of halves, the filter cloth attached so as to cover an outer surface of the halves, and the filter cloth from the outside. A plurality of bands attached at intervals in the axial direction of the vertical cylindrical body, so as to be tightened to a tube; The stock solution is introduced into the vertical cylinder as a filtrate through the filter cloth and the plurality of openings, and a depression in which deposits from the stock solution are deposited between the half pipes adjacent to each other. Is formed by a filter cloth surface attached to the half pipe.
[0006]
By providing a plurality of bands at intervals on the filter cloth provided on the outer surface of the vertical cylinder, the filter cloth swells when the cake after filtration is dried and back blown with pressurized gas from the vertical cylinder. Deformation is constrained at the band position. As a result, cracks are less likely to occur at the band position than at other positions. In the state before the back blow, the band serves as an anchor that restricts the slack of the filter cloth and at the same time suppresses the cake from falling. In addition, in the case of a cake having other properties, the cake can be held by making the interval between the bands dense or coarse, and the band interval can be easily changed according to the cake property.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a filter showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. The pressure vessel 1 is provided with a stock solution pipe 2 and a drain pipe 3 at the bottom, a cake discharge valve 5 at the bottom, and an overflow pipe 4 at the lid provided at the top. A stock solution containing solids to be filtered is supplied from a stock solution tank (not shown) to the stock solution pipe 2 via a filtration pump at a pressure of about 5 kg / cm 2 , for example. The drain pipe 3 discharges the stock solution remaining after the filtration step and the washing water when the filter element 6 is back-washed. The overflow pipe 4 is used for overflow of the stock solution and backwash water and for blowing gas for drying the cake deposited on the filter element 6. The cake carry-out valve 5 is used to discharge the cake deposited on the filter element 6 and peeled off by gas back blow from the filter element 6. The filter element 6 filters the solid from the stock solution, adheres it to the surface as a cake, and peels it off by gas back blow. The register tube 7 lowers the plurality of filter elements 6 vertically, discharges the filtrate separated by the filter elements 6, and injects a gas back blow into the filter elements 6 to peel the cake.
[0008]
FIG. 2 shows a detailed structural diagram of the filter element 6 and the state of the filter cloth 12 and the state of cake attachment during filtration. (A) is a longitudinal sectional view, (B) is an XX sectional view of (A), and (C) is a YY sectional view. The filter element 6 includes a hollow cylindrical riser tube 10, a hollow cylindrical half tube having a large number of openings 11 a, six candle pieces 11 provided around the riser tube 10, and a filter covering the outer surface of the candle piece 11. It comprises a cloth 12 and bands 13 provided on the filter cloth 12 at regular intervals in the vertical direction.
[0009]
The riser pipe 10 is vertically connected to the lower part of the horizontally arranged register pipe 7 and sends the filtrate produced by filtration to the register pipe 7 and is electrically connected to the candle piece 11 at the lower end so that the filtrate flows. The candle piece 11 has a large number of small openings 11a on the surface, is attached around the riser pipe 6, and sends the filtrate separated from the stock solution to the riser pipe 10 from the lower end by the filter cloth 12 attached to the surface. The filter cloth 12 is a stretchable cloth that separates solid matter from the stock solution and deposits it on the surface, and sends the filtrate to the opening of the candle piece 11. The filter cloth 12 wound around the candle piece 11 is fastened by a band 13 provided at regular intervals in the vertical direction. The band 13 is made of a metal material or plastics that is not corroded by the stock solution, and is configured so that it can be easily attached and detached by a stopper. The interval between the bands 13 is determined by the adhesion strength of the cake 14 adhering to the filter cloth 12. In order to peel the cake 14 into small pieces, the band interval is reduced. Thus, the material of the band 13 and the mounting interval are selected according to the shape of the cake 14, the purpose of discharging, the elongation of the filter cloth 12, and the like.
[0010]
FIG. 2 (B) shows that the filter cloth 12 sticks to the surface of the candle piece 11 due to the differential pressure between the undiluted solution during filtration and the filtrate released to the atmosphere, and solids are accumulated in a shape that matches the shape of the filter cloth 12. The state which comprises the cake 14 is shown. (C) shows a state in which the band 13 is wound around the filter cloth 12.
[0011]
FIG. 3 shows a state where gas is blown back to generate cracks in the cake and peel off. The structure of (A) is the same as that of FIG. 2 (A), and the flow of gas back blow is opposite to the flow of filtrate. In (B), the filter cloth 12 swells in a cylindrical shape by the air flowing out from the opening 11 a of the candle piece 11, and the cake 14 attached thereto swells along with this, thereby causing cracks in the cake 14. (C) shows the position of the band 13, where the swelling of the filter cloth 12 is restricted.
[0012]
In the above description, the candle piece type filter element has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a filter element in which a filter cloth is wound around the outer surface of a hollow cylinder having a large number of openings around it.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the present invention has the following effects by disposing bands on the filter cloth of the filter element with a gap.
{Circle around (1)} Solid matter (cake) is deposited on the band during the filtration and becomes integrated with the solid matter other than the band, so that the solid adheres to the filter cloth by the band.
{Circle around (2)} Even if cracks occur in the solid matter during drainage, steam blow, gas blow, etc., it is supported by the band portion to prevent falling. In particular, when a crack occurs in the solid material, it becomes difficult to maintain the differential pressure that presses the solid material against the filter cloth, so the band works effectively.
{Circle around (3)} When solids are blown back with gas to generate cracks and peel, the solids to be peeled can be made into a small mass by reducing the band interval.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the filter element and the shape of the filter cloth and cake during filtration.
FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the filter element and the shape of the filter cloth and cake during gas back blow.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pressure vessel 2 Stock solution pipe 3 Drain drain pipe 4 Overflow pipe 5 Cake discharge valve 6 Filter element 7 Register pipe 10 Riser pipe 11 Candle piece 11a Opening 12 Filter cloth 13 Band 14 Cake

Claims (2)

圧力容器内に縦型筒体を有し圧力容器内に加圧した原液を供給して縦型筒体より濾液を取り出し、濾布上の堆積物を乾燥し縦型筒体内に加圧気体を注入して分離する縦型筒状濾過エレメントを有する濾過機において、
前記圧力容器の内部に導通する複数の開口を有しており、円弧部分が外側を向き、前記縦型筒体の内部と導通し、その軸が前記縦型筒体の軸と平行となり、かつ、縦型筒体の周方向に密接するように前記縦型筒体の外周面に設けられた複数の中空円筒の半割り管と、
前記複数の半割り管の外側面を覆うように取り付けられた前記濾布と、
前記濾布をその外側から前記複数の半割り管に締め付けるように、前記縦型筒体の軸方向に間隔を置いて取り付けられた複数のバンドと、を備え、
前記原液は、前記濾布及び前記複数の開口を通って濾液として前記縦型筒体の内部に導入され、
互いに隣接する前記半割り管の間には原液からの堆積物が堆積する窪みが、前記半割り管に取り付けられた濾布面により形成されていることを特徴とする縦型筒状濾過エレメントを有する濾過機。
Has a vertical cylinder in the pressure vessel, supplies the pressurized stock solution into the pressure vessel, takes out the filtrate from the vertical cylinder, dries the deposits on the filter cloth, and pressurizes the gas in the vertical cylinder In a filter having a vertical cylindrical filtration element that injects and separates
A plurality of openings that conduct to the inside of the pressure vessel, the arc portion faces outward, and communicates with the inside of the vertical cylinder, the axis of which is parallel to the axis of the vertical cylinder; and A plurality of hollow cylindrical halves provided on the outer peripheral surface of the vertical cylinder so as to be in close contact with the circumferential direction of the vertical cylinder;
The filter cloth attached to cover the outer surface of the plurality of half tubes;
A plurality of bands attached at intervals in the axial direction of the vertical cylinder so as to fasten the filter cloth from the outside to the plurality of half pipes,
The stock solution is introduced into the vertical cylinder as a filtrate through the filter cloth and the plurality of openings,
A vertical cylindrical filtration element characterized in that a recess in which deposits from the stock solution are deposited is formed by a filter cloth surface attached to the half pipe between the half pipes adjacent to each other. Having a filter.
前記縦型筒体の内部に前記加圧気体を注入することで、前記濾布が外側に膨らんで前記窪みが消失することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の縦型筒状濾過エレメントを有する濾過機。  2. The vertical cylindrical filtration element according to claim 1, wherein by injecting the pressurized gas into the vertical cylindrical body, the filter cloth expands outward and the depression disappears. Filter machine.
JP00910297A 1997-01-22 1997-01-22 Filtration machine having a vertical cylindrical filtration element Expired - Fee Related JP3687246B2 (en)

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JP00910297A JP3687246B2 (en) 1997-01-22 1997-01-22 Filtration machine having a vertical cylindrical filtration element

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JPH10202017A JPH10202017A (en) 1998-08-04
JP3687246B2 true JP3687246B2 (en) 2005-08-24

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US7487875B2 (en) * 2005-08-30 2009-02-10 General Electric Company Candle filter assembly and candle filter element

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