JP3678272B2 - Fixing device - Google Patents

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JP3678272B2
JP3678272B2 JP2000044394A JP2000044394A JP3678272B2 JP 3678272 B2 JP3678272 B2 JP 3678272B2 JP 2000044394 A JP2000044394 A JP 2000044394A JP 2000044394 A JP2000044394 A JP 2000044394A JP 3678272 B2 JP3678272 B2 JP 3678272B2
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Prior art keywords
fixing roller
temperature
fixing
coil
roller
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JP2001235964A (en
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裕介 坂上
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Seiko Epson Corp
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Seiko Epson Corp
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  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、プリンタの定着装置、特に電子写真方式のプリンタの定着装置や、インクジェットプリンタの溶媒を乾燥させる定着装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図4はハロゲンランプを加熱源にした従来の定着装置の例を示す図であり、21は定着ローラ、22は加圧ローラ、23はハロゲンランプ、24はトナー像、25は記録紙、27はバネ、28は温度検出手段を示す。
【0003】
プリンタの定着装置には、ハロゲンランプを加熱源にしたものや電磁誘導加熱装置を熱源としたものがある。ハロゲンランプを加熱源にした従来の定着装置は、図4に示すように中空状の定着ローラ21の中心に略円筒状のハロゲンランプ23が配置され、電流を流すことによってハロゲンランプ23から赤外線を主体とした電磁波が放射され、定着ローラ21の内側に到達し熱に変わる。その熱は、定着ローラ21の外側に伝達され、定着ローラ21と加圧ローラ22との挟まれたマーキング材(トナー像24)を持つ記録紙25をバネ27により加圧しながら加熱し、マーキング材24を定着する。温度検出手段28により定着ローラ21の外側の温度を検出し、制御回路によりその検出温度に基づきハロゲンランプ23の電流を制御して、定着ローラ21の温度を制御する。
【0004】
一方、電磁誘導加熱装置を熱源とした従来の定着装置には、種々の提案がなされており、例えば温度検出手段を金属にしたもの(特開平8−6413号公報参照)、感音部材が誘導発熱するもの(特開平9−197851号公報参照)、同じく誘導発熱する感音部材を過昇温防止に利用するもの(特開平9−197852号公報参照)、ニップ部に無磁界空間を設けてその中に温度検知部材を設けたもの(特開平9−305045号公報参照)、定着スリーブの内側の誘導電流が密になる位置に温度検出手段を設けるもの(特開平10−69187号公報参照)などがある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、図4に示すハロゲンランプを加熱源にした従来の定着装置の場合においては、定着ローラ21の中にハロゲンランプ23が配置されるため、定着ローラ21の内側に温度検出手段28を設けると、温度検出手段28がハロゲンランプ23からの電磁波を遮るので、定着ローラ21の温度を正確に検出することが困難であった。そのため、温度検出手段28は、図示のように定着ローラ21の外周に取り付けられているが、その結果、定着ローラ21の表面に摺動痕を残してしまって定着画像にその痕跡が現れるため、画像劣化につながるという問題があった。
【0006】
電磁誘導加熱装置を熱源とした従来の定着装置の場合においても、温度検出手段を金属とし、その金属に発生する渦電流によって生じる熱で加熱される温度を検出する定着装置では(特開平8−6413号公報、特開平9−197851号公報、特開平9−197852号公報)、渦電流の発生に連続したある程度の領域が必要であり、温度検出手段をある程度厚くて大きくしないと渦電流が発生しないため、温度検出手段が大きくなり熱容量が大きくなって、結果として熱応答性が遅くなるという問題があった。さらに、温度検出手段の温度が定着ローラ又は定着フイルムの温度と同じくなるという保証もなく、適正な温度を検出し難いという問題があった。
【0007】
また、ニップ部に無磁界空間を設けてその中に温度検知部材を設けた定着装置では(特開平9−305045号公報)、熱容量の小さい定着フイルムを利用して無磁界空間を作り、そこに温度検出手段を設けるので、そこは渦電流が発生しないところになり適正な定着温度が検出できないことになる。すなわち、定着温度を検出する位置は、渦電流が発生するところから熱伝導で伝わる熱で加熱されるのみであり、しかも定着フイルムのように熱容量が小さい場合には、記録紙やトナーに熱が直ぐに奪われるため、温度検出が難しくなる。
【0008】
定着スリーブの内側の誘導電流が密になる位置に温度検出手段を設ける定着装置では(特開平10−69187号公報)、定着スリーブがフレキシブルな性質を持っているため、渦電流が疎になる上部であれば温度検出手段が安定に接触するが、渦電流が密になっている部分では温度検出手段に安定に接触することが困難であり、適正な温度検出が困難であった。
【0009】
さらに、加熱源であるハロゲンランプの場合には、先に述べたように定着ローラを中空状にしてその中にハロゲンランプを配置することになるため、定着ローラの温度を検出する温度センサや過昇温防止センサなどを定着ローラの外周にしか配置できなかった。そのため温度センサの多くは、定着ローラの外周表面にバネなどを利用して直接に接触させていた。このように温度センサが定着ローラの表面に直接接触していると、定着ローラの表面に接触痕や傷が徐々に形成され、定着された画像に定着痕や傷が現れることになり、画像の品質を損なう結果となっていた。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するものであって、温度検出手段を定着ローラの表面に接触させることなく適正な温度の検出を可能とし、良好なトナー定着画像を得るものである。
【0011】
そのために本発明は、定着ローラ、加圧ローラ、前記定着ローラに対して交流磁界を与えて加熱するコイル、前記定着ローラの温度を検出する温度検出手段、及び前記コイルに交流電流を流し該交流電流を前記検出温度に基づき制御することにより前記定着ローラの温度を制御する制御手段を備えた誘導加熱定着装置において、前記定着ローラは、芯金と弾性層と導電性の加熱層と離型層からなり、前記コイルは、前記定着ローラの外側に一定のギャップを維持し軸方向に渦巻き状に巻いて配置し、前記温度検出手段は、前記定着ローラの端部で前記弾性層の一部を切り取って前記加熱層の内周に接触して配置したことを特徴とするものである。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照しつつ説明する。図1は本発明に係る定着装置の実施の形態を示す図、図2はニップ形成を説明するための図である。図中、1はコイル、2はコイルホルダ、3、8は芯金、4、9は弾性層、5は加熱層、6、10は離型層、7は温度検出手段、11、12は軸受け、13は歯車、14はレバー、15はバネ、16は側板、17は穴を示す。
【0014】
図1において、定着ローラは、芯金3、弾性層4、導電性で熱容量の小さい加熱層5、離型層6から構成される。芯金3には、炭素鋼、ステンレスなど、強度を有している材料が適している。弾性層4には、シリコンゴム、発泡シリコンゴムなど、耐熱性があり定着ローラと加圧ローラとの間にニップを形成するに十分な弾性を持っている材料が適している。加熱層5には、コイル1からの交流磁界によって渦電流が効率的に発生するために、導電性が必要である。離型層6は、溶融したトナーが定着ローラから剥離し易くするために設けるものであり、オフセット防止が目的である。
【0015】
離型層6の材質としては、フッ素樹脂(PFA、PTFE、PEP)、シリコン樹脂、フッ素ゴム、シリコンゴムなどが適しており、その厚さは、数10μm〜数100μmが望ましい。数10μm以下になると記録紙との摩耗でなくなったしまい、数100μ以上になると熱伝導率が低下して加熱層からの熱が効率的に伝達できなくなる。
【0016】
温度検出手段7は、保護層、温度センサー、ヒンジ部から構成され、加熱層5の内周にバネ性を持って支持することにより、定着ローラが回転しても安定に加熱層5に与圧を持って接触して温度を検出できるようにする。また、温度検出手段7が定着ローラの端部に取り付けられるように弾性層4の一部が切り取られたような構造になっている。温度検出手段7の反対側端部は、側板16に保持される。温度検出手段7のバネ性は、弱いと温度検出手段7が加熱層5に安定に接触しなくなり、強いと加熱層5を押し過ぎて変形させてしまうため、加熱層5の弾性とバランスする程度でよい。
【0017】
コイル1は、コイルホルダ2によって保持され、定着ローラの外周に一定のギャップを維持し、交流磁界を与えることにより定着ローラを誘導加熱するものである。その構造を上面図で示したのが図1(b)である。コイル1は、高周波電流が流れるため表面抵抗を小さくしてコイルの損失を小さくする必要がある。そのため、絶縁被覆した銅線を複数本束ねて撚ったリッツ線を用いる。例えば直径0.5mmφの絶縁被覆した銅線を8本撚りにして使用して渦巻き状に巻いたものである。コイルホルダ2は、定着直後に記録紙がコイル1に接触して傷などの損傷を与えないよう保護する機能も併せ持つ。コイルホルダ2には、穴17があり、記録紙に含まれていた水分が加熱されて放出されるので、逃がしておく必要がある。特に水分がコイル1に付着すると、リッツ線で巻かれたコイル1の導体表面の絶縁被覆を劣化させる原因になる。さらに、穴17がない場合には、水分が溜まって一定量を超えると水滴となって記録紙上に滴り落ちることになって、定着後の記録紙を濡らすことになる。
【0018】
加圧ローラは、芯金8、弾性層9、必要に応じて離型層10から構成される。芯金8は、定着ローラの場合と同様である。弾性層9については、定着ローラの弾性層4と加熱層5を加えた弾性に釣り合う程度の弾性が求められる。このバランスによってニップが形成される。定着ローラの弾性が小さいと、図2(a)に示すように記録紙は定着ローラ側に撓み、逆に定着ローラの弾性が小さいと、図2(b)に示すように記録紙は加圧ローラ側に撓むことになり、記録紙の剥離性に大きく影響する。また、極端に定着ローラと加圧ローラの弾性が異なり、曲率が大きくなると、封筒などのように2種類を重ねた記録紙の場合に、シワが発生し易くなる。そのため、定着ローラと加圧ローラの弾性は程よくバランスして図2(c)に示すような水平ニップに近い状態が望ましい。
【0019】
定着ローラ及び加圧ローラは、その両端が軸受け11、12で側板16に保持される。定着ローラの場合には、回転トルクを伝達するために歯車13が取り付けられ、歯車13を介してモータによって回転駆動される。加圧ローラの両端の軸受け12は、レバー14を介して、バネ15で定着ローラ側に引っ張られて、ニップ荷重を形成する。このバネ15は、両方とも同じ荷重になるように設定される。このニップ荷重が大きいとニップ幅が広くなり、ニップ荷重が小さいとニップ幅が狭くなる。ニップ幅は、定着時間を決める重要なパラメータであり、電子写真のプロセス速度やトナーの熱的な性質との関係で決められる。ニップ幅が広くなると定着時間が長くなり、ニップ幅が狭くなると定着時間が短くなる。ただし、定着時間を長く取ろうとしてニップ荷重を大きくすると、回転トルクも大きくなる傾向があり、そうなるとモータが大きくなるので制約もある。
【0020】
図3は渦電流の発生分布と温度検出手段の取り付け位置を説明するための図である。定着ローラは、一定のギャップを維持したコイル1から交流磁界を与えることにより導電性の加熱層5に渦電流を発生させて加熱されるが、表皮効果のためコイル1からの交流磁界は、定着ローラの主に表面近傍に集中することになる。電気抵抗率をρ、透磁率をμ、交流磁界の周波数をf、表皮厚さをδとすると、これらの関係は、
【0021】
【数1】

Figure 0003678272
【0022】
で表される。効率よく加熱するために、コイル1からの交流磁界の周波数fを適切に選ぶと、コイル1からの磁束がこの表皮厚さδ近傍に集中し渦電流が効果的に発生することになる。渦電流が発生すると、電気抵抗率ρに応じてジュール熱が発生して、定着ローラの温度が上昇することになる。この表皮厚さδは、材質が炭素鋼、SUS304、SUS430などで、交流磁界の周波数をf=25kHzとした場合、数10μm〜数100μmになる。一方、加熱層5は、適切なニップを形成するために適度な弾性を持っていることが重要であり、数10μm以下になると耐久性が劣ってしまい、逆に数100μm以上になると弾性を失ってしまう。
【0023】
コイル1が図1(b)に示したように例えば定着ローラの軸方向にリッツ線を渦巻き状に巻いてなるものである場合において、その交流磁界によって加熱層5に発生する渦電流の分布を示したのが図3である。コイル1からの交流磁界は、コイル1の中央部分とその外側との間、つまり加熱層5においては丁度コイル1の真下の部分を磁路として発生するので、図3(a)の上から見た渦電流の発生分布、図3(b)の側方から見た渦電流の発生分布に示すように、渦電流の発生は、軸方向と両端部に発生する。定着ローラの端部に取り付けられる温度検出手段7は、図3に示すようにこの渦電流発生位置近傍に配置される。
【0024】
なお 本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、種々の変形が可能である。例えば上記実施の形態では、定着ローラの軸方向にリッツ線を渦巻き状に巻いてなるコイルを用いたが、軸方向に複数のコイルを分割して配置してもよい。また、コイルと定着ローラとの間のギャップを一定にしたが、コイルを分割した場合には、端部と中央部でギャップを変えてもよい。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、定着ローラ、加圧ローラ、定着ローラに対して一定のギャップを維持して交流磁界を与えて加熱するコイル、定着ローラの温度を検出する温度検出手段、及びコイルに交流電流を流し該交流電流を検出温度に基づき制御することにより定着ローラの温度を制御する制御手段を備えた誘導加熱定着装置において、温度検出手段を定着ローラの端部の渦電流発生位置近傍に配置したので、定着ローラの加熱層に発生する渦電流の発生分布を考慮した位置で適正温度を検出することができる。
【0026】
また、定着ローラは、芯金と弾性層と導電性の加熱層と離型層からなり、温度検出手段は、定着ローラの端部の渦電流発生位置近傍であって定着ローラの加熱層内周に配置したので、薄い加熱層を設けてかつコイルをその外側に配置することができる電磁誘導加熱式定着装置において、温度検出手段を定着ローラの表面に接触させることなく、加熱作用にも影響を与えない加熱層の内側に配置することができる。
【0027】
さらに、温度検出手段は、保護層、温度センサー、ヒンジ部から構成され、加熱層の内周に与圧を持って接触するように配置したので、フレキシブルな材料を用いる薄い加熱層に対して安定に温度検出手段を接触させることができ、定着ローラを変形させることなく、記録紙上のトナー溶融面に温度検出手段が接触した痕跡を残すこともなく、高画質の定着画像を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明に係る定着装置の実施の形態を示す図である。
【図2】 ニップ形成を説明するための図である。
【図3】 渦電流の発生分布と温度検出手段の取り付け位置を説明するための図である。
【図4】 ハロゲンランプを加熱源にした従来の定着装置の例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1…コイル、2…コイルホルダ、3、8…芯金、4、9…弾性層、5…加熱層、6、10…離型層、7…温度検出手段、11、12…軸受け、13…歯車、14…レバー、15…バネ、16…側板、17…穴[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fixing device for a printer, in particular, a fixing device for an electrophotographic printer, and a fixing device for drying a solvent of an ink jet printer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional fixing device using a halogen lamp as a heat source. 21 is a fixing roller, 22 is a pressure roller, 23 is a halogen lamp, 24 is a toner image, 25 is a recording paper, and 27 is a recording paper. A spring 28 indicates temperature detecting means.
[0003]
Printer fixing devices include those using a halogen lamp as a heat source and those using an electromagnetic induction heating device as a heat source. In a conventional fixing device using a halogen lamp as a heating source, a substantially cylindrical halogen lamp 23 is arranged at the center of a hollow fixing roller 21 as shown in FIG. The main electromagnetic wave is radiated, reaches the inside of the fixing roller 21, and changes to heat. The heat is transmitted to the outside of the fixing roller 21, and the recording material 25 having the marking material (toner image 24) sandwiched between the fixing roller 21 and the pressure roller 22 is heated while being pressed by the spring 27, thereby marking the marking material. 24 is fixed. The temperature of the fixing roller 21 is detected by the temperature detecting means 28, and the current of the halogen lamp 23 is controlled by the control circuit based on the detected temperature, thereby controlling the temperature of the fixing roller 21.
[0004]
On the other hand, various proposals have been made for a conventional fixing device using an electromagnetic induction heating device as a heat source. For example, the temperature detecting means is a metal (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-6413), and the sound sensing member is an induction device. Those that generate heat (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-197851), those that use a sound-sensitive member that also generates induction heat to prevent excessive temperature rise (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-197852), and provide a non-magnetic field space in the nip portion. Among them, a temperature detection member is provided (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-305045), and a temperature detection means is provided at a position where the induced current inside the fixing sleeve is dense (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-69187). and so on.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the conventional fixing device using the halogen lamp shown in FIG. 4 as a heating source, the halogen lamp 23 is disposed in the fixing roller 21, so that the temperature detection means 28 is provided inside the fixing roller 21. Since the temperature detecting means 28 blocks electromagnetic waves from the halogen lamp 23, it is difficult to accurately detect the temperature of the fixing roller 21. For this reason, the temperature detecting means 28 is attached to the outer periphery of the fixing roller 21 as shown in the figure. As a result, a sliding mark is left on the surface of the fixing roller 21 and the mark appears in the fixed image. There was a problem that it led to image degradation.
[0006]
Even in the case of a conventional fixing device using an electromagnetic induction heating device as a heat source, a fixing device for detecting a temperature heated by heat generated by an eddy current generated in the metal using a metal as a temperature detecting means (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8- 6413, JP-A-9-197851, JP-A-9-197852), a certain area continuous to the generation of eddy currents is necessary, and eddy currents are generated unless the temperature detecting means is thick and large to some extent. Therefore, there is a problem that the temperature detecting means becomes large and the heat capacity becomes large, resulting in a slow thermal response. Furthermore, there is no guarantee that the temperature of the temperature detecting means is the same as the temperature of the fixing roller or the fixing film, and there is a problem that it is difficult to detect an appropriate temperature.
[0007]
In a fixing device in which a magnetic field is provided in the nip portion and a temperature detection member is provided therein (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-305045), a magnetic field space is created by using a fixing film having a small heat capacity. Since the temperature detecting means is provided, no eddy current is generated, and an appropriate fixing temperature cannot be detected. That is, the position where the fixing temperature is detected is only heated by the heat transmitted from the place where eddy current is generated, and when the heat capacity is small like a fixing film, heat is applied to the recording paper and toner. Since it is quickly deprived, temperature detection becomes difficult.
[0008]
In a fixing device provided with temperature detection means at a position where the induced current inside the fixing sleeve is dense (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-69187), since the fixing sleeve has a flexible property, the upper part where the eddy current becomes sparse If this is the case, the temperature detecting means is in stable contact, but it is difficult to stably contact the temperature detecting means in a portion where the eddy current is dense, and it is difficult to detect an appropriate temperature.
[0009]
Furthermore, in the case of a halogen lamp that is a heating source, as described above, the fixing roller is hollow and the halogen lamp is disposed therein. A temperature rise prevention sensor or the like could be arranged only on the outer periphery of the fixing roller. For this reason, many temperature sensors are brought into direct contact with the outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller using a spring or the like. When the temperature sensor is in direct contact with the surface of the fixing roller in this way, contact marks and scratches are gradually formed on the surface of the fixing roller, and fixing marks and scratches appear on the fixed image. The result was a loss of quality.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention solves the above-described problems, and makes it possible to detect an appropriate temperature without bringing the temperature detection means into contact with the surface of the fixing roller, thereby obtaining a good toner-fixed image.
[0011]
For this purpose, the present invention provides a fixing roller, a pressure roller, a coil for applying an AC magnetic field to the fixing roller to heat it, a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the fixing roller, and an AC current flowing through the coil. In the induction heating fixing device including control means for controlling the temperature of the fixing roller by controlling the current based on the detected temperature, the fixing roller includes a cored bar, an elastic layer, a conductive heating layer, and a release layer. The coil is arranged so as to be spirally wound in the axial direction while maintaining a constant gap outside the fixing roller, and the temperature detecting means has a part of the elastic layer at the end of the fixing roller. It is cut out and arranged in contact with the inner periphery of the heating layer .
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a fixing device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining nip formation. In the figure, 1 is a coil, 2 is a coil holder, 3 and 8 are metal cores, 4 and 9 are elastic layers, 5 is a heating layer, 6 and 10 are release layers, 7 is temperature detection means, and 11 and 12 are bearings. , 13 is a gear, 14 is a lever, 15 is a spring, 16 is a side plate, and 17 is a hole.
[0014]
In FIG. 1, the fixing roller includes a cored bar 3, an elastic layer 4, a conductive heating layer 5 having a small heat capacity, and a release layer 6. A material having strength such as carbon steel and stainless steel is suitable for the core metal 3. For the elastic layer 4, a material having heat resistance and sufficient elasticity to form a nip between the fixing roller and the pressure roller, such as silicon rubber and foamed silicon rubber, is suitable. The heating layer 5 needs to be conductive in order to efficiently generate an eddy current due to the AC magnetic field from the coil 1. The release layer 6 is provided to make it easy for the melted toner to be peeled off from the fixing roller, and is intended to prevent offset.
[0015]
As the material of the release layer 6, fluororesin (PFA, PTFE, PEP), silicon resin, fluororubber, silicon rubber, and the like are suitable, and the thickness is desirably several tens μm to several hundreds μm. When the thickness is several tens of μm or less, it is no longer worn with the recording paper, and when it is several hundreds of μm or more, the thermal conductivity is lowered and heat from the heating layer cannot be efficiently transferred.
[0016]
The temperature detection means 7 is composed of a protective layer, a temperature sensor, and a hinge portion, and supports the heating layer 5 stably even if the fixing roller rotates by supporting the heating layer 5 with a spring property on the inner periphery. Hold it so that the temperature can be detected. Further, the elastic layer 4 is partially cut off so that the temperature detecting means 7 is attached to the end of the fixing roller. The opposite end of the temperature detecting means 7 is held by the side plate 16. If the spring property of the temperature detection means 7 is weak, the temperature detection means 7 will not be in stable contact with the heating layer 5, and if it is strong, the heating layer 5 will be pushed too much and will be deformed. It's okay.
[0017]
The coil 1 is held by a coil holder 2 and maintains a constant gap on the outer periphery of the fixing roller and applies an alternating magnetic field to inductively heat the fixing roller. The structure is shown in a top view in FIG. Since the high frequency current flows in the coil 1, it is necessary to reduce the surface resistance and the loss of the coil. Therefore, a litz wire obtained by bundling a plurality of insulated copper wires is used. For example, eight copper wires having an insulation coating diameter of 0.5 mmφ are twisted and wound into a spiral shape. The coil holder 2 also has a function of protecting the recording paper from coming into contact with the coil 1 immediately after fixing so as not to be damaged. The coil holder 2 has a hole 17 and the moisture contained in the recording paper is heated and released, so it needs to be released. In particular, when moisture adheres to the coil 1, it causes deterioration of the insulation coating on the conductor surface of the coil 1 wound with litz wire. Further, when there is no hole 17, when water accumulates and exceeds a certain amount, it becomes water droplets and drops onto the recording paper, so that the recording paper after fixing is wetted.
[0018]
The pressure roller includes a cored bar 8, an elastic layer 9, and a release layer 10 as necessary. The cored bar 8 is the same as that of the fixing roller. The elastic layer 9 is required to have a degree of elasticity commensurate with the elasticity obtained by adding the elastic layer 4 and the heating layer 5 of the fixing roller. A nip is formed by this balance. When the elasticity of the fixing roller is small, the recording paper bends toward the fixing roller as shown in FIG. 2A. Conversely, when the elasticity of the fixing roller is small, the recording paper is pressurized as shown in FIG. 2B. It will bend to the roller side, which greatly affects the peelability of the recording paper. Further, if the elasticity of the fixing roller and the pressure roller are extremely different and the curvature is large, wrinkles are likely to occur in the case of two types of recording sheets such as envelopes. Therefore, it is desirable that the elasticity of the fixing roller and the pressure roller be balanced and close to a horizontal nip as shown in FIG.
[0019]
Both ends of the fixing roller and the pressure roller are held on the side plate 16 by bearings 11 and 12. In the case of the fixing roller, a gear 13 is attached to transmit rotational torque, and is rotated by a motor via the gear 13. The bearings 12 at both ends of the pressure roller are pulled to the fixing roller side by a spring 15 via a lever 14 to form a nip load. Both springs 15 are set to have the same load. When the nip load is large, the nip width is widened, and when the nip load is small, the nip width is narrowed. The nip width is an important parameter that determines the fixing time, and is determined by the relationship between the electrophotographic process speed and the thermal properties of the toner. When the nip width is widened, the fixing time is lengthened, and when the nip width is narrowed, the fixing time is shortened. However, if the nip load is increased in order to increase the fixing time, the rotational torque tends to increase, and there is a restriction because the motor increases.
[0020]
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the generation distribution of eddy currents and the mounting position of the temperature detecting means. The fixing roller is heated by generating an eddy current in the conductive heating layer 5 by applying an AC magnetic field from the coil 1 maintaining a constant gap, but the AC magnetic field from the coil 1 is fixed due to the skin effect. The roller mainly concentrates near the surface. When the electrical resistivity is ρ, the permeability is μ, the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is f, and the skin thickness is δ, these relationships are
[0021]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0003678272
[0022]
It is represented by If the frequency f of the alternating magnetic field from the coil 1 is appropriately selected for efficient heating, the magnetic flux from the coil 1 is concentrated in the vicinity of the skin thickness δ, and an eddy current is effectively generated. When the eddy current is generated, Joule heat is generated according to the electric resistivity ρ, and the temperature of the fixing roller is increased. The skin thickness δ is several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm when the material is carbon steel, SUS304, SUS430 or the like and the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is f = 25 kHz. On the other hand, it is important for the heating layer 5 to have an appropriate elasticity for forming an appropriate nip. When the heating layer 5 is several tens of μm or less, the durability is inferior. Conversely, when the heating layer 5 is several hundreds of μm or more, the elasticity is lost. End up.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 1B, for example, when the coil 1 is formed by spirally winding a litz wire in the axial direction of the fixing roller, the distribution of eddy current generated in the heating layer 5 by the alternating magnetic field is expressed. This is shown in FIG. The AC magnetic field from the coil 1 is generated as a magnetic path between the central portion of the coil 1 and the outside thereof, that is, the portion immediately below the coil 1 in the heating layer 5. As shown in the eddy current generation distribution, the eddy current generation distribution seen from the side of FIG. 3B, eddy current generation occurs in the axial direction and at both ends. The temperature detecting means 7 attached to the end of the fixing roller is arranged in the vicinity of the eddy current generation position as shown in FIG.
[0024]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible. For example, in the above embodiment, the coil formed by spirally winding the litz wire in the axial direction of the fixing roller is used, but a plurality of coils may be divided and arranged in the axial direction. Further, although the gap between the coil and the fixing roller is constant, when the coil is divided, the gap may be changed between the end portion and the central portion.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the temperature of the fixing roller, the pressure roller, the coil that heats the fixing roller by applying an AC magnetic field while maintaining a certain gap, and the temperature of the fixing roller are detected. In an induction heating fixing device comprising temperature detecting means and control means for controlling the temperature of the fixing roller by passing an alternating current through the coil and controlling the alternating current based on the detected temperature, the temperature detecting means is arranged at the end of the fixing roller. Therefore, an appropriate temperature can be detected at a position that takes into account the distribution of eddy currents generated in the heating layer of the fixing roller.
[0026]
The fixing roller includes a cored bar, an elastic layer, a conductive heating layer, and a release layer, and the temperature detecting means is in the vicinity of the eddy current generation position at the end of the fixing roller, and the inner circumference of the heating layer of the fixing roller In the electromagnetic induction heating type fixing device in which a thin heating layer is provided and the coil can be arranged on the outside thereof, the heating function is also affected without contacting the temperature detecting means with the surface of the fixing roller. It can arrange | position inside the heating layer which does not give.
[0027]
Furthermore, the temperature detection means is composed of a protective layer, temperature sensor, and hinge part, and is arranged so as to contact the inner periphery of the heating layer with a pressure, so that it is stable against a thin heating layer using a flexible material. The temperature detection means can be brought into contact with the toner, and the fixing roller can be deformed, and a high-quality fixed image can be provided without leaving a trace of the temperature detection means contacting the toner melt surface on the recording paper. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a fixing device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining nip formation.
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining an eddy current generation distribution and a temperature detection means mounting position;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventional fixing device using a halogen lamp as a heat source.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Coil, 2 ... Coil holder, 3, 8 ... Core metal, 4, 9 ... Elastic layer, 5 ... Heating layer, 6, 10 ... Release layer, 7 ... Temperature detection means, 11, 12 ... Bearing, 13 ... Gears, 14 ... levers, 15 ... springs, 16 ... side plates, 17 ... holes

Claims (1)

定着ローラ、加圧ローラ、前記定着ローラに対して交流磁界を与えて加熱するコイル、前記定着ローラの温度を検出する温度検出手段、及び前記コイルに交流電流を流し該交流電流を前記検出温度に基づき制御することにより前記定着ローラの温度を制御する制御手段を備えた誘導加熱定着装置において、
前記定着ローラは、芯金と弾性層と導電性の加熱層と離型層からなり、前記コイルは、前記定着ローラの外側に一定のギャップを維持し軸方向に渦巻き状に巻いて配置し、前記温度検出手段は、前記定着ローラの端部で前記弾性層の一部を切り取って前記加熱層の内周に接触して配置したことを特徴とする定着装置。
A fixing roller, a pressure roller, a coil for applying an AC magnetic field to the fixing roller to heat it, a temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the fixing roller, and an AC current flowing through the coil to set the AC current to the detected temperature. In an induction heating fixing device provided with a control means for controlling the temperature of the fixing roller by controlling based on:
The fixing roller includes a cored bar, an elastic layer, a conductive heating layer, and a release layer, and the coil is disposed in a spiral shape in the axial direction while maintaining a certain gap outside the fixing roller, The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the temperature detecting means is arranged by cutting off a part of the elastic layer at an end of the fixing roller and contacting the inner periphery of the heating layer .
JP2000044394A 2000-02-22 2000-02-22 Fixing device Expired - Fee Related JP3678272B2 (en)

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US6871041B2 (en) 2003-03-19 2005-03-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus
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