JP3672417B2 - Medium seed dough and bread using the same - Google Patents

Medium seed dough and bread using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3672417B2
JP3672417B2 JP18995797A JP18995797A JP3672417B2 JP 3672417 B2 JP3672417 B2 JP 3672417B2 JP 18995797 A JP18995797 A JP 18995797A JP 18995797 A JP18995797 A JP 18995797A JP 3672417 B2 JP3672417 B2 JP 3672417B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
enzyme
bread
medium
weight
fermentation
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JP18995797A
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JPH1132658A (en
Inventor
春樹 横山
修 土屋
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Adeka Corp
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Asahi Denka Kogyo KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、良好な香気、風味、食感及びきめを有するパン類を製造するための中種生地、これを用いたパン類並びにその製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
現在、製パン業界は人手不足・合理化による製造時間の短縮化等により、酵母が熟成不足のためパン類の粉臭・自然な香気の不足や、酵母を過剰に利用する事による過度な酵母臭の問題が生じている。
【0003】
ところで、パン酵母がパン生地において発酵中に通常の糖代謝により生産する生産物として、アセトアルデヒド、エタノール、イソアミルアルコール、イソブチルアルコール等がある。これらの成分中のイソアミルアルコール、イソブチルアルコールは、パンの特徴的香気として知られている。また、パン酵母の発酵中にロイシンやバリンを含む乳製品を供給した場合は、イソアミルアルコール、イソブチルアルコールが、ロイシン、バリンの脱アミノ、脱炭酸によるEhrlinh経路により生成し、増加することが知られている(T.FUKUDA et.al.,J.Brew.Soc.Japan Vol 83,No.10,p.703−708(1986))。
【0004】
しかし、乳蛋白質を含む乳製品を添加してパンを製造する場合、パン酵母の発酵に最も適するPH域ではないPHとしてしまうため、パン酵母の活性低下を招く。そのため、中種法でパンを製造する場合、乳蛋白質や乳蛋白質を含む乳製品を添加することは適さなかった。このように、乳蛋白質や乳製品を添加するとパン酵母の発酵阻害を招くため使用量に限界があった。
【0005】
また、最も風味のよいパン類を得る方法として、低温長時間中種発酵や老麺法があるが、これらの方法では、作業工程が長時間であったり、熟練を要するものであった。
【0006】
従って、本発明の目的は、熟練の必要がなく、短時間で、簡単に製造できる、良好な香気、風味、食感を有するパン類を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、鋭意研究した結果、乳蛋白質や乳製品に、酵素を併用した中種生地を用いることにより、上記目的を達成し得ることを知見した。
また、本発明者等は、乳蛋白質を含有する中種生地が、上記に記載したEhrlinh経路により発生すると思われるパン特有の香気成分を多量に発生し、従来の中種法により得られるパン類の香気、風味とは全く異なるパン類を製造し得ることを知見した。
【0008】
本発明は、上記知見に基づきなされたもので、小麦粉に対して、90〜150℃で2〜60秒殺菌を行った、濃縮乳又は殺菌済発酵乳製品0.01〜20重量%、酵素0.001〜0.20重量%を含有し、上記酵素として、酵素を含有した乳化油脂を使用することを特徴とする中種生地を提供するものである。
【0009】
また、本発明は、上記中種生地を使用することを特徴とするパン類を提供するものである。
【0010】
また、本発明は、小麦粉に対して、90〜150℃で2〜60秒殺菌を行った、濃縮乳又は殺菌済発酵乳製品0.01〜20重量%、酵素0.001〜0.20重量%を含有し、上記酵素として、酵素を含有した乳化油脂を使用した中種生地を使用し、発酵を行う中種工程を採用することを特徴とするパン類の製造法を提供するものである。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の中種生地について詳細に説明する。
本発明に使用される小麦粉は、中種生地における主成分であり、例えば、強力粉、準強力粉、中力粉、薄力粉、ライ麦粉、デュラム粉、全粒粉、胚芽等が挙げられ、特に強力粉が好ましく用いられる。
【0012】
本発明に使用される乳製品は、濃縮乳、殺菌済発酵乳製品であり、特に、殺菌済発酵乳製品を用いると優れた効果が得られるため好ましい。
上記乳製品の殺菌方法は、90〜150℃で2〜60秒であり、特に90〜110℃で15〜60秒又は110〜150℃で2〜15秒殺菌する方法が好ましい。
【0013】
記乳製品の使用量は、小麦粉に対して、0.01〜20重量%、好ましくは0.02〜15重量%、更に好ましくは3〜15重量%である。上記乳製品の使用量が0.01重量%未満では、得られたパン類の風味が劣り、20重量%超では、発酵阻害が著しくなり、製品のボリューム、内相が劣る。
尚、ここで使用量の基準となる「小麦粉」とは、パン類を製造する際に使用する小麦粉すべてのことであり、後述のパン類を製造する際の中種工程で使用する小麦粉と本捏工程で使用する小麦粉とを合わせたものである。(以下の「小麦粉に対して」という部分についても同様である。)
【0014】
本発明に使用される酵素は、その起源に格別の限定はなく、動物、植物、微生物起源のものを単独或いは併用して使用することができる。また、これらの酵素は、必ずしも精製されたものである必要はなく、粗製のものでも充分に利用可能であり、更に、市販品も使用することができる。
上記酵素としては、例えば、アミラーゼ、プロテアーゼ、セルラーゼ、ヘミセルラーゼからなる群より選択される1種又は2種以上を使用することができ、特にアミラーゼ単独又はアミラーゼと他の酵素とを併用して使用するのが好ましい。
【0015】
上記酵素の使用量は、小麦粉に対して、0.001〜0.20重量%、好ましくは0.006〜0.10重量%、更に好ましくは0.01〜0.02重量%である。上記酵素の使用量が0.001重量%未満では、発酵がうまくいかなかったり、得られるパン類の風味が劣り、0.20重量%超では、生地の軟化が激しく、また製品のボリューム、内相が劣る。
【0016】
また、上記酵素を中種生地に含有させるに際し、該酵素として、酵素を含有した乳化油脂を使用するため、中種生地での酵素の分散性がよい。このときの乳化油脂の乳化状態としては、油中水型或いは水中油型のいずれでもよいが、油中水型のものが好ましい。また、該酵素を含有した乳化油脂における該酵素の使用量は、上述した酵素の使用量の範囲の量であり、一方、乳化油脂の使用量は、小麦粉に対して、風味、ソフト性、中種生地の発酵安定性、作業性、分散性等の点で、0.5〜20重量%であることが好ましく、1〜10重量%であることが更に好ましい。
【0017】
また、本発明の中種生地には、上記成分以外に、水、イースト、イーストフード等が使用され、これらの使用量は、生地の種類により適宜調整される。
【0018】
次に、本発明のパン類について詳細に説明する。
本発明のパン類は、上述した本発明の中種生地を使用することを特徴とする。本発明のパン類は、該中種生地を使用する限りにおいて特に制限されないが、好ましくは後述する本発明のパン類の製造法により得られるものである。
【0019】
本発明のパン類としては、中種生地を使用するパン類であればどのような種類でもよく、例えば、食パン、菓子パン、フランスパン、ペストリー、スイートロール、及びこれらのパン類の冷凍、冷蔵パン等が挙げられる。
【0020】
次に、本発明のパン類の製造法について詳細に説明する。尚、以下において特に詳述しないことについては、上述した本発明の中種生地の項で詳述したことと同様である。
本発明のパン類の製造法は、小麦粉に対して、90〜150℃で2〜60秒殺菌を行った、濃縮乳又は殺菌済発酵乳製品0.01〜20重量%、酵素0.001〜0.20重量%を含有し、上記酵素として、酵素を含有した乳化油脂を使用した中種生地を使用し、発酵を行う中種工程を採用することを特徴とする。
【0021】
上記中種生地を得る際には、小麦粉に対して、90〜150℃で2〜60秒殺菌を行った、濃縮乳又は殺菌済発酵乳製品並びに酵素を含有した乳化油脂を上記使用量で添加し、イーストやイーストフード及び適宜量の水を加えて、ミキシングする。
【0022】
上記発酵を行う際の発酵温度及び発酵時間としては、好ましくは0〜30℃で60〜1200分、更に好ましくは10〜28℃で120〜600分、一層好ましくは20〜28℃で120〜360分が採用される。上記発酵温度が0℃よりも低いと発酵阻害が起こるため好ましくなく、30℃よりも高いと、発酵の進みすぎによる悪臭が発生するので好ましくない。また、上記発酵時間が60分より短いと、パン類の発酵による風味が得られないので好ましくなく、1200分より長いと、発酵が進みすぎによる悪臭が発生するので好ましくない。
【0023】
本発明の製造法においては、上記中種工程において発酵を行った中種生地を、本捏工程において使用する下記の材料と混合、ミキシングし、次いで通常の工程を経て、焼成することにより本発明のパン類が得られる。
【0024】
上記本捏工程において使用する材料としては、例えば、小麦粉、糖類、食塩、油脂、水、着色料、着香料、カカオパウダー、コーヒー粉末、チーズ、ドライフルーツ、野菜粉末等の呈味成分等が挙げられ、これらの使用量に特に制限はない。
【0025】
【実施例】
以下、実施例及び比較例を示し、本発明を更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。尚、実施例2、3、6及び7は、何れも参考例である。
【0026】
実施例1〜8及び比較例1
下記〔表1〕及び〔表2〕に示す配合(中種及び本捏工程それぞれにおける配合)から、下記〔表3〕に示す製法により、食パンを作成した。
【0027】
【表1】

Figure 0003672417
【0028】
【表2】
Figure 0003672417
【0029】
【表3】
Figure 0003672417
【0030】
実施例1〜8及び比較例1の食パン〔トーストしない場合及びトーストした場合(トースト時)〕に関して、40人のパネラーによる官能検査(香り、風味及び総合)を行った。それらの結果を下記〔表4〕及び〔表5〕に示す。尚、下記〔表4〕は、トーストせずそのままの食パンについての検査結果であり、下記〔表5〕は、トーストした食パンの検査結果である。
ここで、官能検査は、実施例1〜8及び比較例1の食パンのうち、香り、風味及び総合それぞれについて一番良好と判断したものを40人のパネラーに選んでもらったときのパネラーの人数で表した。
【0031】
【表4】
Figure 0003672417
【0032】
【表5】
Figure 0003672417
【0033】
以上の結果から明らかなように、小麦粉に対して、90〜150℃で2〜60秒殺菌を行った、濃縮乳又は殺菌済発酵乳製品0.01〜20重量%、酵素0.001〜0.20重量%を含有し、上記酵素として、酵素を含有した乳化油脂を使用した本発明の中種生地を使用した場合(実施例1、4、5及び8)には、比較例1の場合に比して、香り及び風味の何れも優れ、総合でも優れていることが判る。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明の中種生地は、従来生地の発酵阻害のために添加することのなかった乳製品を、酵素と一緒に添加してなるもので、これを用いることにより、良好な香気、風味、食感を有するパン類を得ることができる。
また、本発明のパン類は、従来よりも短時間にかつ簡単に製造することができ、良好な香気、風味、食感を有するものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a medium-sized dough for producing bread having good aroma, flavor, texture and texture, bread using the same, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Currently, the bread making industry is short of manpower and streamlined production time to shorten the production time, resulting in insufficient ripening of yeast, resulting in a lack of powdery odor and natural aroma of bread, and excessive yeast odor due to excessive use of yeast. The problem is occurring.
[0003]
By the way, there are acetaldehyde, ethanol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and the like as products that baker's yeast produces by normal sugar metabolism during fermentation in bread dough. Isoamyl alcohol and isobutyl alcohol in these components are known as characteristic odors of bread. In addition, when dairy products containing leucine and valine are supplied during fermentation of baker's yeast, it is known that isoamyl alcohol and isobutyl alcohol are produced and increased by the Ehrlinh pathway by deamination and decarboxylation of leucine and valine. (T. FUKUDA et.al., J. Brew. Soc. Japan Vol 83, No. 10, p. 703-708 (1986)).
[0004]
However, when a dairy product containing milk protein is added to produce bread, the pH is not the most suitable PH range for baker's yeast fermentation, resulting in a decrease in baker's yeast activity. Therefore, when bread is produced by the medium seed method, it is not suitable to add milk protein or a milk product containing milk protein. As described above, the addition of milk protein or dairy product causes the fermentation inhibition of baker's yeast, so that the amount used is limited.
[0005]
In addition, as methods for obtaining the most delicious breads, there are low-temperature and long-term medium fermentation and the old noodle method, but these methods have long working steps or require skill.
[0006]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide breads having a good aroma, flavor and texture that can be easily produced in a short time without the need for skill.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by using a medium seed dough combined with an enzyme in milk proteins and dairy products.
In addition, the present inventors have found that a medium-sized dough containing milk protein generates a large amount of aroma components peculiar to bread that are thought to be generated by the Ehrlinh pathway described above, and breads obtained by the conventional medium-seed method It was found that breads completely different from the flavor and flavor of can be produced.
[0008]
This invention was made | formed based on the said knowledge, 0.01 to 20 weight% of concentrated milk or sterilized fermented milk products which sterilized 2 to 60 second at 90-150 degreeC with respect to wheat flour, enzyme 0 The present invention provides a medium-sized dough containing 0.001 to 0.20% by weight and using the emulsified oil containing the enzyme as the enzyme .
[0009]
The present invention also provides breads characterized by using the above-mentioned medium-sized dough.
[0010]
Moreover, this invention is 0.01 to 20 weight% of concentrated milk or sterilized fermented milk products which performed sterilization for 2 to 60 second with respect to wheat flour at 90-150 degreeC , 0.001-0.20 weight of enzyme. The present invention provides a method for producing bread characterized by adopting a medium seed process in which a medium-sized dough using an emulsified fat containing the enzyme is used as the enzyme, and a fermentation is performed. .
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the medium-sized fabric of the present invention will be described in detail.
The wheat flour used in the present invention is the main component in the medium seed dough, and examples thereof include strong flour, semi-strong flour, medium flour, thin flour, rye flour, durum flour, whole grain flour, germ, etc., particularly strong flour is preferably used. It is done.
[0012]
The dairy products used in the present invention are concentrated milk and sterilized fermented dairy products . In particular, use of sterilized fermented dairy products is preferable because excellent effects can be obtained.
Sterilization method of the dairy product is 2 to 60 seconds at 90 to 150 ° C., in particular 90 to 110 a method for sterilizing 2-15 seconds 15-60 seconds or 110 to 150 ° C. at ° C. is preferred.
[0013]
The amount of the above Kichichi products for wheat flour, 0.01 to 20 wt%, preferably from 0.02 to 15 wt%, more preferably 3 to 15 wt%. When the amount of the upper Kichichi product is less than 0.01 wt%, poor flavor of the resulting bread, the 20 wt.%, Fermentation inhibitors is remarkable, product volume, internal phase is poor.
In addition, "wheat flour" used as the standard of the amount used here refers to all flour used when producing bread, and the flour and book used in the middle seed process when producing bread described below. Combined with flour used in the cocoon process. (The same applies to the following “for flour”).
[0014]
The origin of the enzyme used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and those derived from animals, plants and microorganisms can be used alone or in combination. Moreover, these enzymes do not necessarily need to be purified, and even crude ones can be used sufficiently, and commercially available products can also be used.
As said enzyme, 1 type (s) or 2 or more types selected from the group which consists of amylase, protease, cellulase, hemicellulase, for example can be used, and especially amylase is used alone or in combination with other enzymes It is preferable to do this.
[0015]
The usage-amount of the said enzyme is 0.001-0.20 weight% with respect to wheat flour, Preferably it is 0.006-0.10 weight%, More preferably, it is 0.01-0.02 weight%. If the amount of the enzyme used is less than 0.001% by weight, fermentation will not be successful, and the resulting bread will have poor flavor. If it exceeds 0.20% by weight, the dough will be softened, and the volume of the product The phase is inferior.
[0016]
Further, when to be contained in the medium-seed cloth the enzyme, as said enzyme, for using emulsified oil containing enzyme, dispersibility of the enzyme in the sponge cloth is not good. The emulsified state of the emulsified oil and fat at this time may be either a water-in-oil type or an oil-in-water type, but is preferably a water-in-oil type. In addition, the amount of the enzyme used in the emulsified oil containing the enzyme is an amount in the range of the amount of the enzyme used as described above, while the amount of the emulsified oil used is a flavor, softness, medium to the flour. In terms of fermentation stability, workability, dispersibility, and the like of the seed dough, the content is preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, and more preferably 1 to 10% by weight.
[0017]
In addition to the above components, water, yeast, yeast food and the like are used for the medium seed dough of the present invention, and the amount of these used is appropriately adjusted depending on the kind of dough.
[0018]
Next, the breads of the present invention will be described in detail.
The breads of the present invention are characterized by using the above-mentioned medium-sized dough of the present invention. The breads of the present invention are not particularly limited as long as the medium seed dough is used, but are preferably obtained by the method for producing breads of the present invention described later.
[0019]
The breads of the present invention may be of any kind as long as they use medium-sized dough, such as bread, confectionery bread, French bread, pastries, sweet rolls, and frozen and refrigerated bread of these breads. Etc.
[0020]
Next, the method for producing bread according to the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, what is not specifically described below is the same as that described in detail in the section of the medium-sized fabric of the present invention described above.
The manufacturing method of the breads of this invention is 0.01 to 20weight% of concentrated milk or sterilized fermented milk products which performed pasteurization for 2 to 60 second at 90-150 degreeC with respect to wheat flour, 0.001 to enzyme. It contains 0.20% by weight, and as the enzyme, a medium seed dough using an emulsified oil containing the enzyme is used, and a medium seed process for performing fermentation is employed.
[0021]
When obtaining the above-mentioned medium- sized dough , concentrated milk or sterilized fermented milk product and enzyme- containing emulsified oil / fat, which has been sterilized at 90 to 150 ° C. for 2 to 60 seconds , are added in the above amounts. Add yeast and yeast food and an appropriate amount of water and mix.
[0022]
The fermentation temperature and fermentation time for performing the fermentation are preferably 0 to 30 ° C. for 60 to 1200 minutes, more preferably 10 to 28 ° C. for 120 to 600 minutes, and even more preferably 20 to 28 ° C. for 120 to 360 minutes. Minutes are adopted. If the fermentation temperature is lower than 0 ° C., fermentation inhibition occurs, which is not preferable. If the temperature is higher than 30 ° C., bad odor due to excessive progress of fermentation is generated, which is not preferable. Moreover, when the said fermentation time is shorter than 60 minutes, since the flavor by fermentation of bread | pans cannot be obtained, it is unpreferable, and when it is longer than 1200 minutes, bad smell by generation | occurrence | production of fermentation will generate | occur | produce.
[0023]
In the production method of the present invention, the medium dough fermented in the above medium seed process is mixed with the following materials used in the main koji process, mixed, and then fired through a normal process. Of bread.
[0024]
Examples of the material used in the main cocoon process include flavor components such as wheat flour, sugar, salt, fats and oils, water, coloring agents, flavoring agents, cacao powder, coffee powder, cheese, dried fruit, and vegetable powder. There are no particular restrictions on the amount of these used.
[0025]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example are shown and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples. Examples 2, 3, 6 and 7 are all reference examples.
[0026]
Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1
From the following recipes shown in [Table 1] and [Table 2] (mixtures in the middle seed and main cake process), bread was prepared by the manufacturing method shown in [Table 3] below.
[0027]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003672417
[0028]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003672417
[0029]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003672417
[0030]
For the breads of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Example 1 [when not toasting and when toasting (during toasting)], a sensory test (aroma, flavor and synthesis) was performed by 40 panelists. The results are shown in [Table 4] and [Table 5] below. In addition, the following [Table 4] is a test result about bread without being toasted, and the following [Table 5] is a test result of toasted bread.
Here, the sensory test is the number of panelists when 40 panelists chose the best fragrance, flavor, and overall for the breads of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Example 1. Expressed in
[0031]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003672417
[0032]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003672417
[0033]
As apparent from the above results, the wheat flour was sterilized at 90 to 150 ° C. for 2 to 60 seconds, 0.01 to 20% by weight of concentrated milk or sterilized fermented dairy product, 0.001 to 0 enzyme In the case of Comparative Example 1 when the medium-sized dough of the present invention containing 20% by weight and using the emulsified oil containing the enzyme as the enzyme is used (Examples 1, 4, 5 and 8) It can be seen that both the fragrance and flavor are excellent, and that they are excellent overall.
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
Seed fabric in the present invention, a never been milk products of the addition to the fermentation inhibition of conventional fabric, made of was added together with the enzyme, by using this, good aroma, flavor, food Bread with a feeling can be obtained.
In addition, the breads of the present invention can be produced in a shorter time and more easily than before, and have good aroma, flavor and texture.

Claims (4)

小麦粉に対して、90〜150℃で2〜60秒殺菌を行った、濃縮乳又は殺菌済発酵乳製品0.01〜20重量%、酵素0.001〜0.20重量%を含有し、上記酵素として、酵素を含有した乳化油脂を使用することを特徴とする中種生地。 Containing concentrated milk or sterilized fermented dairy product 0.01 to 20% by weight, enzyme 0.001 to 0.20 % by weight , sterilized at 90 to 150 ° C. for 2 to 60 seconds , and A medium-sized dough characterized by using an emulsified oil containing the enzyme as the enzyme . 上記酵素が、アミラーゼであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の中種生地。The medium seed dough according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme is amylase. 請求項1又は2に記載の中種生地を使用することを特徴とするパン類。Bread characterized by using the medium-sized dough according to claim 1 or 2 . 小麦粉に対して、90〜150℃で2〜60秒殺菌を行った、濃縮乳又は殺菌済発酵乳製品0.01〜20重量%、酵素0.001〜0.20重量%を含有し、上記酵素として、酵素を含有した乳化油脂を使用した中種生地を使用し、発酵を行う中種工程を採用することを特徴とするパン類の製造法。 Containing concentrated milk or sterilized fermented dairy product 0.01 to 20% by weight, enzyme 0.001 to 0.20 % by weight , sterilized at 90 to 150 ° C. for 2 to 60 seconds , and A method for producing bread, wherein a medium seed process using an emulsified oil and fat containing an enzyme is employed as an enzyme , and a medium seed process in which fermentation is performed is employed.
JP18995797A 1997-07-15 1997-07-15 Medium seed dough and bread using the same Expired - Lifetime JP3672417B2 (en)

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EP1880612A1 (en) * 2006-07-17 2008-01-23 Corman S.A. Dairy ingredient enriched in polar lipids and use thereof
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