JP3672047B2 - Non-asbestos disc pad - Google Patents

Non-asbestos disc pad Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3672047B2
JP3672047B2 JP13364995A JP13364995A JP3672047B2 JP 3672047 B2 JP3672047 B2 JP 3672047B2 JP 13364995 A JP13364995 A JP 13364995A JP 13364995 A JP13364995 A JP 13364995A JP 3672047 B2 JP3672047 B2 JP 3672047B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
less
insulator
friction member
asbestos
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP13364995A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH08326793A (en
Inventor
工藤  茂
清和 米屋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Showa Denko Materials Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
Showa Denko Materials Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to JP13364995A priority Critical patent/JP3672047B2/en
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Publication of JP3672047B2 publication Critical patent/JP3672047B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は自動車などの制動部材に適した非石綿系ディスクパッドに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来ディスクブレーキのブレーキパッドの摩擦部材としては、特公昭56−25448号公報、特公昭56−48530号公報等に示されるような石綿繊維を使用していたが、近年石綿繊維は有害性であるとの理由により石綿繊維の代替繊維として特公昭59−4462号公報などに示されるようにスチールファイバーなどのような金属繊維を主成分とした材料が用いられてきた。
【0003】
しかし、金属繊維は熱伝導率が従来の石綿繊維より高いため、ブレーキング時に発生する摩擦熱がブレーキオイル側に伝わる割合が多くなり、いわゆるベーパロック現象が起き易くなる。このため最近は、ディスクパッドを構成する摩擦部材と裏金との間に実公昭63−37535号公報、実公昭63−50503号公報等に示されるように熱伝導率が摩擦部材より低い断熱材(以下インシュレータとする)を挟むことが提案されている。
【0004】
インシュレータは、熱伝導率を低くして摩擦熱をブレーキオイルに伝えないようにするのが主目的であるが、ディスクパッドの摩耗が進行するとインシュレータの部分が表面に露出する場合が考えられる。このため、ある程度の摩擦特性 (摩擦係数、耐摩耗性等)を有していなければならない。
【0005】
そこでインシュレータとしては、摩擦部材の材料に類似したものにさらに断熱効果のある材料を用いることが要求される。ところがディスクパッドは、特性は摩擦係数、耐摩耗性のみではなく、最近は、車の高性能化に伴い、ディスクパッドにかかる負担が増加し、例えば摩擦部材の耐熱限界以上の温度で使用される場合があり、ディスクパッド側面に亀裂が発生するという問題点がある。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、摩擦特性を変えることなく高温使用時の亀裂発生を少なくした非石綿系ディスクパッドを提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記の鳴きを改良する方法について種々検討した結果、従来断熱としてのみの働きが主であったインシュレータ材に着目し、このインシュレータ材の曲げ強さ、最大歪及び熱伝導率を調整することにより亀裂発生を少なくできることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0008】
本発明は、裏金と摩擦部材との間に、曲げ強さが200℃以下で5MPa以上、最大歪が200℃以下で10×10−3mm/mm以上及び熱伝導率が2W/mk以下の摩擦部材と類似したスチール繊維、ロックウール、芳香族アラミド繊維、黒鉛、硫酸バリウム、フェノール樹脂及びNBR粉からなるインシュレータを介在させてなる非石綿系ディスクパッドに関する。
【0009】
本発明において摩擦部材としては、スチール繊維、銅繊維、真鍮繊維等の金属繊維、アラミド繊維、フェノール繊維等の有機繊維、セラミック繊維からなる繊維状物質、フェノール樹脂、NBRゴム、SBRゴム、天然ゴム等の結合剤、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム等の無機充てん剤、カシュー硬化物などの有機充てん剤、黒鉛、二硫化モリブデン等の潤滑剤が用いられる。
【0010】
またインシュレータとしては、ディスクパッドが摩耗して摩擦部材の部分がなくなり、インシュレータ部分のみとなっても摩擦係数や摩擦特性が大きく変化しないようにしなくてはならないため、摩擦部材と類似したスチール繊維、ロックウール、芳香族アラミド繊維、黒鉛、硫酸バリウム、フェノール樹脂及びNBR粉が用いられ、熱伝導率の大きい材料を減らすか又は熱伝導率の小さな材料を増やしたりして、弾性率を室温で8GPa以下、120℃で4.2GPa以下になるように調整したものが用いられる。
【0011】
なお該インシュレータは、室温で8GPa以下、好ましくは7GPa以下、120℃で4.2GPa以下、好ましくは4.0GPa以下の弾性率を有するものを用いればブレーキを踏んだとき鳴きの発生防止の点で好ましい。
【0012】
またインシュレータは、曲げ強さが200℃以下で5MPa以上、好ましくは13.2MPa以上、最大歪が200℃以下で10×10-3mm/mm以上、好ましくは19.9×10-3mm/mm以上及び熱伝導率が2W/mk以下、好ましくは1.25W/mk以下とされ、曲げ強さが200℃以下で5MPa未満であるとブレーキング時の摩擦部材表面の急激な温度上昇及び発生するトルクに対し、インシュレータが耐えきれず亀裂が発生する。最大歪が200℃以下で10×10-3mm/mm未満であると摩擦部材や裏金部分のブレーキング時の急激な温度変化時に起こる熱膨張にインシュレータが追従できず、摩擦部材とインシュレータ材との界面に亀裂が発生し易い。さらに熱伝導率が2W/mkを超えると摩擦部材表面に発生した熱がディスクパッド内を伝導してブレーキオイルの温度を上昇させ、ベーパロック現象が起き易くなる。
【0013】
【作用】
車の高負荷時の亀裂は、ブレーキング時に発生するトルク応力と、熱による摩擦部材とインシュレータの熱膨張差から発生する応力に対し、曲げ強さ及び最大歪を上げることにより、耐えることができるものと考えられる。
【0014】
【実施例】
以下本発明の実施例を説明する。
摩擦部材として長さ2mmのスチール繊維(ローズ社製)20体積%、芳香族アラミド繊維(ケブラー繊維、デュポン社製商品名)5体積%、フェノール樹脂 (自社製、非売品)25体積%、NBR粉(NIPOL1411、日本ゼオン社製商品名)5体積%、黒鉛(KS−15、ロンザ社製商品名)30体積%及び硫酸バリウム(重晶石粉、中国広東五金公司社製)15体積%をヘンシェルミキサーで充分混合して摩擦部材用成形粉を得た。
【0015】
一方インシュレータとしては表1に示す組成物をA、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I及びJの配合割合に秤量して上記と同様のヘンシェルミキサーで充分混合してインシュレータ用成形粉を得た。なおロックウール(RF51Z5、ラピナス社製商品名)以外は上記と同様の原料を用いた。
【0016】
この後金型内に裏金を入れ、その上面にインシュレータ用成形粉及び摩擦部材用成形粉の順に充てんし、1.47×107Pa(150kgf/cm2)及び170℃で10分間の条件で加圧加熱して裏金と摩擦部材との間にインシュレータを介在させた成形体を得た。ついで表面を仕上加工して非石綿系ディスクパッドを得た。
【0017】
次に得られた非石綿系ディスクパッドA、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I及びJから40mm×7mm×2.5mmの寸法にインシュレータを切り出し、室温から360℃迄の粘弾性を測定し、室温と120℃までの弾性率を求めた。さらに切り出したインシュレータの曲げ強さ、最大歪及び熱伝導率を測定すると共に亀裂発生の有無及びベーパロックについて調べた。これらの結果を合わせて表1に示す。
【0018】
なお上記の試験条件について、曲げ強さ及び最大歪はJIS D 4311に示す規格に従って200℃の温度中で測定し、熱伝導率は京都電子工業(株)製のKemtherm QTM−D3を用いて測定し、亀裂発生の有無はJISO C406−82の区分P1に基づくフェード試験を2サイクル行って亀裂発生の有無を確認し、ベーパロックについては実車降坂テストを行い、ペダルストロークにより官能評価を行った。
【0019】
【表1】

Figure 0003672047
【0020】
表1に示されるように、本発明になる非石綿系ディスクパッドは亀裂が発生せず、またベーパロック性についても何ら問題が生じないことを確認した。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明になる非石綿系ディスクパッドは、摩擦特性を変えることなく高温使用時の亀裂発生を少なくすることができ、工業的に極めて好適な非石綿系ディスクパッドである。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a non-asbestos disk pad suitable for a braking member of an automobile or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a friction member of a brake pad of a disc brake, asbestos fibers as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-25448, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-48530 and the like have been used, but in recent years, asbestos fibers are harmful. For this reason, as a substitute for asbestos fibers, a material mainly composed of metal fibers such as steel fibers has been used as disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 59-4462.
[0003]
However, since metal fibers have a higher thermal conductivity than conventional asbestos fibers, the proportion of frictional heat generated during braking is transmitted to the brake oil side, so that a so-called vapor lock phenomenon is likely to occur. Therefore, recently, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication Nos. 63-37535, 63-50503, etc., between the friction member constituting the disk pad and the back metal, a heat insulating material having a lower thermal conductivity than the friction member ( It has been proposed to sandwich an insulator.
[0004]
The main purpose of the insulator is to lower the thermal conductivity so as to prevent the frictional heat from being transmitted to the brake oil. However, when the wear of the disk pad proceeds, the insulator portion may be exposed on the surface. For this reason, it must have a certain degree of friction characteristics (friction coefficient, wear resistance, etc.).
[0005]
Therefore, as an insulator, it is required to use a material having a heat insulating effect in addition to a material similar to the material of the friction member. However, disk pads are not only characterized by the coefficient of friction and wear resistance, but recently, as the performance of cars increases, the burden on the disk pads increases, and for example, they are used at temperatures above the heat resistance limit of friction members. In some cases, there is a problem that a crack occurs on the side surface of the disk pad.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a non-asbestos-based disk pad that reduces the occurrence of cracks during high temperature use without changing the friction characteristics.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various investigations on methods for improving the above squeal, the present inventors have focused on an insulator material that has been mainly used only as a heat insulation in the past, and determined the bending strength, maximum strain, and thermal conductivity of the insulator material. It has been found that the occurrence of cracks can be reduced by adjusting, and the present invention has been completed.
[0008]
In the present invention, between the backing metal and the friction member, the bending strength is 5 MPa or more at 200 ° C. or less, the maximum strain is 10 × 10 −3 mm / mm or more at 200 ° C. or less, and the thermal conductivity is 2 W / mk or less. The present invention relates to a non-asbestos-based disk pad having an insulator made of steel fiber, rock wool, aromatic aramid fiber, graphite, barium sulfate, phenol resin and NBR powder similar to the friction member.
[0009]
In the present invention, the friction member includes metal fibers such as steel fibers, copper fibers and brass fibers, organic fibers such as aramid fibers and phenol fibers, fibrous materials composed of ceramic fibers, phenol resin, NBR rubber, SBR rubber and natural rubber. And the like, inorganic fillers such as barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and magnesium carbonate, organic fillers such as cashew cured products, and lubricants such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide.
[0010]
Also, as an insulator, the disk pad wears out and the friction member part disappears, and the friction coefficient and friction characteristics must not change greatly even if only the insulator part is used . Rock wool, aromatic aramid fiber, graphite, barium sulfate, phenolic resin and NBR powder are used, and the elastic modulus is 8 GPa at room temperature by reducing the material with high thermal conductivity or increasing the material with low thermal conductivity. In the following, those adjusted so as to be 4.2 GPa or less at 120 ° C. are used.
[0011]
The insulator having a modulus of elasticity of 8 GPa or less, preferably 7 GPa or less at room temperature, 4.2 GPa or less, preferably 4.0 GPa or less at 120 ° C. is used in order to prevent squeal when a brake is depressed. preferable.
[0012]
The insulator has a bending strength of 200 MPa or less and 5 MPa or more, preferably 13.2 MPa or more, and a maximum strain of 200 ° C. or less and 10 × 10 −3 mm / mm or more, preferably 19.9 × 10 −3 mm / mm. When the thickness is not less than mm and the thermal conductivity is 2 W / mk or less, preferably 1.25 W / mk or less, and the bending strength is 200 ° C. or less and less than 5 MPa, the temperature of the friction member surface suddenly increases and occurs during braking. Insulators cannot withstand the torque generated, and cracks occur. If the maximum strain is 200 ° C. or less and less than 10 × 10 −3 mm / mm, the insulator cannot follow the thermal expansion that occurs when the friction member or the back metal part is subjected to a sudden temperature change, and the friction member and the insulator material Cracks are likely to occur at the interface. Further, when the thermal conductivity exceeds 2 W / mk, the heat generated on the surface of the friction member is conducted through the disk pad to raise the temperature of the brake oil, and the vapor lock phenomenon is likely to occur.
[0013]
[Action]
Cracks at high loads on the car can be resisted by increasing the bending strength and maximum strain against the torque stress generated during braking and the stress generated by the thermal expansion difference between the friction member and the insulator due to heat. It is considered a thing.
[0014]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
20% by volume of steel fiber (Rose) 20% by volume as a friction member, 5% by volume of aromatic aramid fiber (Kevlar fiber, DuPont product name), 25% by volume of phenolic resin (in-house, not for sale), NBR powder (NIPOL1411, trade name made by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.) 5% by volume, graphite (KS-15, trade name by Lonza) 30% by volume and barium sulfate (barite powder, made by Guangdong Gokin Co., Ltd. China) Were sufficiently mixed to obtain a molding powder for friction member.
[0015]
On the other hand, as an insulator, the composition shown in Table 1 is weighed to a blending ratio of A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, and J, and thoroughly mixed with the same Henschel mixer as described above for an insulator. A molding powder was obtained. In addition, the raw material similar to the above was used except rock wool (RF51Z5, the brand name made by Lappinas).
[0016]
This posterior mold in putting back metal, the filling in the order of the insulator for the molding powder and the friction member for the molding powder on the upper surface, of 1.47 × 10 7 Pa (150kgf / cm 2) and 170 ° C. for 10 minutes Conditions A molded body in which an insulator was interposed between the back metal and the friction member was obtained by pressurization and heating. The surface was then finished to obtain a non-asbestos-based disk pad.
[0017]
Next, an insulator is cut out from the obtained non-asbestos-based disk pads A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, and J to a size of 40 mm × 7 mm × 2.5 mm, and from room temperature to 360 ° C. Viscoelasticity was measured and the elastic modulus up to room temperature and 120 ° C. was determined. Further, the bending strength, maximum strain and thermal conductivity of the cut out insulator were measured, and the presence or absence of cracks and vapor lock were examined. These results are shown together in Table 1.
[0018]
Regarding the above test conditions, the bending strength and the maximum strain were measured at a temperature of 200 ° C. according to the standard shown in JIS D 4311, and the thermal conductivity was measured using Kemtherm QTM-D3 manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry Co., Ltd. The presence or absence of cracks was evaluated by performing a fade test based on section P1 of JISO C406-82 for two cycles to confirm the presence or absence of cracks. For the vapor lock, an actual vehicle downhill test was performed and sensory evaluation was performed by pedal stroke.
[0019]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003672047
[0020]
As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that the non-asbestos-based disk pad according to the present invention did not cause cracks, and no problem with vapor lockability.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
The non-asbestos-based disk pad according to the present invention is an industrially extremely suitable non-asbestos-based disk pad that can reduce the occurrence of cracks when used at high temperatures without changing the friction characteristics.

Claims (1)

裏金と摩擦部材との間に、曲げ強さが200℃以下で5MPa以上、最大歪が200℃以下で10×10−3mm/mm以上及び熱伝導率が2W/mk以下の摩擦部材と類似したスチール繊維、ロックウール、芳香族アラミド繊維、黒鉛、硫酸バリウム、フェノール樹脂及びNBR粉からなるインシュレータを介在させてなる非石綿系ディスクパッド。Similar to the friction member between the backing metal and the friction member with a bending strength of 200 MPa or less at 5 MPa or more, maximum strain of 200 ° C. or less at 10 × 10 −3 mm / mm or more, and thermal conductivity of 2 W / mk or less. Non-asbestos-based disc pad interposing an insulator made of steel fiber, rock wool, aromatic aramid fiber, graphite, barium sulfate, phenol resin and NBR powder .
JP13364995A 1995-05-31 1995-05-31 Non-asbestos disc pad Expired - Lifetime JP3672047B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13364995A JP3672047B2 (en) 1995-05-31 1995-05-31 Non-asbestos disc pad

Publications (2)

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JP3672047B2 true JP3672047B2 (en) 2005-07-13

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Country Status (1)

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