JP3654540B2 - Polypropylene film for capacitors - Google Patents

Polypropylene film for capacitors Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3654540B2
JP3654540B2 JP29829995A JP29829995A JP3654540B2 JP 3654540 B2 JP3654540 B2 JP 3654540B2 JP 29829995 A JP29829995 A JP 29829995A JP 29829995 A JP29829995 A JP 29829995A JP 3654540 B2 JP3654540 B2 JP 3654540B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
film
ash
polypropylene
polypropylene film
bdv
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JP29829995A
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JPH09139323A (en
Inventor
巧 平野
逸夫 永井
正芳 朝倉
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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Priority to TW085110409A priority patent/TW362228B/en
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  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、耐電圧性に優れたコンデンサ用ポリプロピレンフイルムに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
二軸配向ポリプロピレンフィルムは工業材料、包装材料用フィルムとして広く用いれられているが、その優れた電気特性(高耐電圧、低誘電損失)を活かしてコンデンサ用途にも使用されている。一般的に、コンデンサ用ポリプロピレンフィルムは、フィルム表面に接着剤塗布、低融点ポリマ積層、あるいはコロナ放電またはプラズマ処理して、フィルム表面の接着性を改善した後、アルミニウム、亜鉛等の金属を蒸着して使用されている。このように、ポリプロピレンフィルムは、フィルムコンデンサの代表的な素材の一つであるが、現行品番での絶縁破壊電圧(BDV)向上、あるいは薄番手化のためのBDV改善などの要求がなされている。
【0003】
ポリプロピレンフィルムの耐電圧性を改善する方法として、特開平5−84822号公報には灰分が50ppm以下であるポリプロピレンフィルムが開示されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、このようなポリプロピレンフイルムでも十分とは言えず、また本来絶縁破壊電圧に影響を及ぼす可能性の高いフィルムの内部構造についての記載もなく、高耐電圧性を要求されている分野での使用に耐えられるかどうか不明であった。
【0005】
本発明は上記従来の欠点を解消すべくなされたものであり、耐電圧性に優れたポリプロピレンフイルムを提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記した本発明の目的は、メソペンタッド分率が98.4%以上である逐次二軸延伸フィルムであって、下式(1)、(2)の特性を有することを特徴とするコンデンサ用ポリプロピレンフィルムにより達成される。
【0007】
Ash・H≦20(ppm・%) (1)
(ただし、Ashはフィルムの灰分、Hは内部ヘイズを示す。)
BDV≧650(V/μm) (2)
(ただし、BDVはフィルムの絶縁破壊電圧を示す。BDVはJIS−C−2110に準じて測定される。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、ポリプロピレンフィルムとは、主としてポリプロピレンからなる二軸延伸フィルムであり、基本的に他の共重合成分を含んでいない。
【0009】
本発明において、ポリプロピレンフイルムの極限粘度は、特に限定されることはないが、製膜性の点から1.2〜2.5dl/gの範囲が用いられる。
【0010】
本発明において、ポリプロピレンフィルムは灰分(Ash)と内部ヘイズ(H)の積(Ash・H)が20ppm・%以下である必要があり、好ましくは10ppm・%以下である。20ppm・%を超えると、該フィルムの耐電圧性が低下する場合がある。ここで、内部ヘイズとは、JIS−K−7105に準じてフィルムヘイズを測定するときに、フィルム表面の凸凹による光散乱を排除するために、フィルムサンプルを流動パラフィン等に浸した状態で測定し、フィルム内部の光散乱のみを抽出したものである。
【0011】
本発明において、ポリプロピレンフイルムの立体規則性の指標であるメソペンタッド分率は、98.4%以上であることが必要であり、メソペンダット分率が98.4%未満であると、該ポリプロピレンフイルムの耐熱性、耐電圧性が低下する。
【0012】
本発明において、ポリプロピレンフィルムの厚みは、特に限定されることはないが、製膜性や機械特性の点から2〜30μmの範囲であることが好ましい。
【0013】
本発明において、ポリプロピレンフィルムの耐電圧性は、直流での絶縁破壊電圧で評価できる。本発明のポリプロピレンフィルムの絶縁破壊電圧は、650V/μm以上であることが必要であり好ましくは700V/μm以上である。絶縁破壊電圧が650V/μm未満であると、該フィルムからなるコンデンサの耐電圧性が低くて実用に適さなくなる。
【0014】
本発明において、ポリプロピレンフィルムは、公知の添加剤、例えば結晶核剤、酸化防止剤、熱安定剤、すべり剤、帯電防止剤、ブロッキング防止剤、充填剤、粘度調整剤、着色防止剤などを含有させてもよい。
【0015】
本発明において、ポリプロピレンフイルムは、蒸着加工工程での接着力を高めるために、フイルム表面にコロナ放電処理あるいはプラズマ処理を行うことが好ましい。コロナ放電処理は公知の方法を用いることができるが、処理をする際に雰囲気ガスとして空気、炭酸ガス、窒素ガスおよびこれらの混合ガス中での処理が好ましい。またプラズマ処理は、種々の気体をプラズマ状態におき、フイルム表面を化学変成させる方法、例えば特開昭59−98140号公報に記載されている方法などがある。
【0016】
本発明のポリプロピレンフィルムの製造方法を以下に説明するが、必ずしもこれに限定されるものではない。
【0017】
ポリプロピレンからなる原料を押出機に供給し、加熱溶融し、濾過フィルターを通した後、220〜320℃の温度でスリット状口金から溶融押出し、40〜100℃の温度に保たれたキャスティングドラムに巻き付けて冷却固化せしめ、未延伸フィルムを作る。なお、キャスティングドラム温度が40℃未満ではフィルムの結晶化度が小さくなる場合がある。
【0018】
次にこの未延伸フイルムを二軸延伸し、二軸配向せしめる。延伸方法としては逐次二軸延伸方法が用いられる。逐次延伸方法としては、まず未延伸フイルムを120〜150℃に保たれたロールに通して予熱し、引き続き該シートを100℃〜150℃の温度に保ち周速差を設けたロール間に通り、長手方向に2〜6倍に延伸し、ただちに室温に冷却する。引き続き該延伸フイルムをテンターに導いて、160℃以上の温度、好ましくは165〜170℃の温度で幅方向に5〜10倍に延伸し、次いで幅方向に2〜20%の弛緩を与えつつ、160〜170℃の温度で熱固定して巻取る。その後、蒸着を施す面に蒸着金属の接着性を良くするために、空気中、窒素中、炭酸ガス中あるいは混合気体中でコロナ放電処理を行いワインダーで巻取る。
【0019】
【特性の測定方法並びに効果の評価方法】
本発明の特性値の測定方法、並びに効果の評価方法は次のとおりである。
【0020】
(1)極限粘度([η])
試料0.1gを135℃のテトラリン100mlに完全溶解させ、該溶液の粘度を135℃の恒温槽中で測定し、比粘度Sから次式に従って極限粘度を求めた。
【0021】
[η]=S×0.1 1 ×(1+0.22×S)(dl/g)
【0022】
(2)メソペンタッド分率(mmmm)
測定溶媒として1,2,4−トリクロロベンゼンを用い、13C−NMRを測定する。得られたスペクトルの帰属およびmmmmの計算については、T.Hayashiらが行った方法[Polymer,29,138(1988)]に基づいて行い、百分率で表示した。
【0023】
(3)灰分(Ash)
重量W(g)のポリプロピレン(またはフィルム)を、白金坩堝に入れ、まずガスバーナーで十分に燃やした後、750〜800℃の電気炉で、約1時間処理して完全灰化し、得られた灰の重量W’(g)を測定し、下式から求めた。
【0024】
Ash=W’×W 1 ×106 (ppm)
【0025】
(4)内部ヘイズ(H)
JIS−K−7105に準じて測定し、下記式から求めた。ただし、フィルム表面の凸凹による光散乱を除去するために、サンプルを流動パラフィンで満たされた石英セルに浸した状態で測定した。
【0026】
H=Td×Tt 1 ×102
H:内部ヘイズ(%)
Td:拡散透過率(%)
Tt:全光線透過率(%)
【0027】
(5)フイルム厚み
ダイヤルゲージ式厚み計(JIS−B−7509)を用いて測定した。
【0028】
(6)絶縁破壊電圧(BDV)
JIS−C−2110に準じて測定した。陰極に厚み100μm、10cm角のアルミ箔電極、陽極に真鍮性8mmφの電極を用い、この間にフィルムをはさみ、春日電気(株)製直流高圧安定化電源を用いて、100V/秒の速度で昇圧しながら電圧を印加し、電流が10mA以上流れた場合を絶縁破壊したものとした。その時の電圧を測定点のフィルム厚みで割った値を絶縁破壊電圧とし、20点測定した平均値で示した。
【0029】
【実施例】
本発明を実施例、比較例に基づいて説明する。
【0030】
実施例1
灰分が12ppm、メソペンタッド分率が99.1%、極限粘度が1.80dl/gのポリプロピレンを押出機に供給して樹脂温度280℃の温度で溶融し、T型口金からシート状に押出成形し、70℃の温度のキャスティングドラムに巻き付けて冷却固化し、次いで、該シートを130℃で予熱し、引き続き該シートを140℃の温度に保ち周速差を設けたロール間に通し、長手方向に5倍に延伸し、ただちに室温に冷却する。引き続き該フイルムをテンターに導き、175℃の温度に予熱し、引き続き165℃の温度で幅方向に10倍延伸し、次いで幅方向に8%の弛緩を与えつつ170℃の温度で熱処理をした。得られたフイルムの各種特性は表1に記載の通りであり、内部ヘイズと灰分の積(Ash・H)が小さく、耐電圧性良好であった。
【0031】
実施例2〜4、6、7、比較例1
表1に記載のごとく、実施例1と同様にして、各種条件を変更したポリプロピレンフィルムを得た。
【0032】
実施例5
灰分が17ppm、メソペンタッド分率が99.1%、極限粘度が1.84dl/gのポリプロピレンを、キャスティングドラム温度が40℃である以外は実施例1と全く同様にしてフイルムを製造した。
【0033】
比較例2
灰分が25ppm、メソペンタッド分率が98.0%、極限粘度が1.78dl/gのポリプロピレンを、キャスティングドラム温度が90℃である以外は実施例1と全く同様にしてフイルムを製造した。
【0034】
フイルム特性は表1記載の通りであった。
【0035】
【表1】

Figure 0003654540
実施例2〜7は、いずれも本発明の目的範囲内のものであり、得られたポリプロピレンフィルムは、耐電圧性良好であった。
【0036】
一方、比較例1、2はAsh・Hが大きく本発明の範囲外であり、耐電圧性不良であった。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明のポリプロピレンフイルムは、灰分、内部ヘイズ、メソペンタッド分率を規定したことにより、絶縁破壊電圧が大きく耐電圧性が良好となり、耐電圧性コンデンサ用フィルムとして好適である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polypropylene film for capacitors having excellent voltage resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Biaxially oriented polypropylene films are widely used as films for industrial materials and packaging materials, but they are also used for capacitor applications by taking advantage of their excellent electrical properties (high withstand voltage and low dielectric loss). Generally, polypropylene film for capacitors is coated with adhesive, low-melting polymer laminate, or corona discharge or plasma treatment to improve the adhesion of the film surface, and then metal such as aluminum or zinc is deposited. Have been used. As described above, polypropylene film is one of the typical materials for film capacitors. However, there is a demand for improvement of dielectric breakdown voltage (BDV) in the current product number or improvement of BDV for thinning. .
[0003]
As a method for improving the voltage resistance of a polypropylene film, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-84822 discloses a polypropylene film having an ash content of 50 ppm or less.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such a polypropylene film is not sufficient, and there is no description of the internal structure of a film that has a high possibility of affecting the dielectric breakdown voltage, so that it is used in a field where high voltage resistance is required. It was unclear whether it could endure.
[0005]
The present invention has been made to eliminate the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide a polypropylene film having excellent voltage resistance.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An object of the present invention described above is a sequentially biaxially-oriented film mesopentad fraction is 9 8.4% or more, the following equation (1), polypropylene capacitor characterized by having the properties of (2) Achieved by film.
[0007]
Ash · H ≦ 20 (ppm ·%) (1)
(However, Ash indicates the ash content of the film, and H indicates the internal haze.)
BDV ≧ 650 (V / μm) (2)
(However, BDV indicates the dielectric breakdown voltage of the film. BDV is measured according to JIS-C-2110. )
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the polypropylene film is a biaxially stretched film mainly made of polypropylene and basically does not contain other copolymer components.
[0009]
In the present invention, the intrinsic viscosity of the polypropylene film is not particularly limited, but a range of 1.2 to 2.5 dl / g is used from the viewpoint of film forming property.
[0010]
In the present invention, the polypropylene film needs to have a product (Ash · H) of ash (Ash) and internal haze (H) of 20 ppm ·% or less, preferably 10 ppm ·% or less. If it exceeds 20 ppm ·%, the voltage resistance of the film may be lowered. Here, the internal haze is measured in a state where the film sample is immersed in liquid paraffin or the like in order to eliminate light scattering due to unevenness of the film surface when measuring the film haze according to JIS-K-7105. Only the light scattering inside the film is extracted.
[0011]
In the present invention, the meso pentad fraction which is an index of the stereoregularity of the polypropylene film is required to be at 9 8.4% or more, the meso pentads fraction is less than 9 8.4%, the polypropylene film The heat resistance and voltage resistance of the are reduced.
[0012]
In the present invention, the thickness of the polypropylene film is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 2 to 30 μm from the viewpoint of film forming properties and mechanical properties.
[0013]
In the present invention, the voltage resistance of the polypropylene film can be evaluated by a dielectric breakdown voltage at a direct current. The dielectric breakdown voltage of the polypropylene film of the present invention needs to be 650 V / μm or more , and preferably 700 V / μm or more . When the breakdown voltage is less than 650 V / μm, such that not suitable for practical use low voltage resistance of the capacitor made of the film.
[0014]
In the present invention, the polypropylene film contains known additives such as crystal nucleating agents, antioxidants, heat stabilizers, slipping agents, antistatic agents, antiblocking agents, fillers, viscosity modifiers, anticoloring agents and the like. You may let them.
[0015]
In the present invention, the polypropylene film is preferably subjected to corona discharge treatment or plasma treatment on the surface of the film in order to increase the adhesive force in the vapor deposition process. Although a known method can be used for the corona discharge treatment, treatment in air, carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, or a mixed gas thereof is preferable as the atmospheric gas when the treatment is performed. The plasma treatment includes a method in which various gases are put in a plasma state to chemically modify the film surface, for example, a method described in JP-A-59-98140.
[0016]
Although the manufacturing method of the polypropylene film of this invention is demonstrated below, it is not necessarily limited to this.
[0017]
The raw material made of polypropylene is supplied to an extruder, melted by heating, passed through a filtration filter, melt-extruded from a slit base at a temperature of 220 to 320 ° C, and wound around a casting drum maintained at a temperature of 40 to 100 ° C. And solidify by cooling to make an unstretched film. When the casting drum temperature is less than 40 ° C., the crystallinity of the film may be small.
[0018]
Next, this unstretched film is biaxially stretched to be biaxially oriented. As the stretching method, a sequential biaxial stretching method is used. As a sequential stretching method, first, an unstretched film is preheated through a roll kept at 120 to 150 ° C., and then the sheet is kept at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. and passed between rolls provided with a peripheral speed difference, Stretch 2-6 times in the longitudinal direction and immediately cool to room temperature. Subsequently, the stretched film is guided to a tenter, stretched 5 to 10 times in the width direction at a temperature of 160 ° C. or higher, preferably 165 to 170 ° C., and then given 2 to 20% relaxation in the width direction. It winds by heat-fixing at the temperature of 160-170 degreeC. Thereafter, in order to improve the adhesion of the deposited metal to the surface to be deposited, the corona discharge treatment is performed in air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide gas or a mixed gas and wound by a winder.
[0019]
[Characteristic measurement method and effect evaluation method]
The characteristic value measurement method and the effect evaluation method of the present invention are as follows.
[0020]
(1) Intrinsic viscosity ([η])
0.1 g of a sample was completely dissolved in 100 ml of 135 ° C. tetralin, the viscosity of the solution was measured in a thermostatic bath at 135 ° C., and the intrinsic viscosity was determined from the specific viscosity S according to the following formula.
[0021]
[Η] = S × 0.1 - 1 × (1 + 0.22 × S) (dl / g)
[0022]
(2) Mesopentad fraction (mmmm)
13 C-NMR is measured using 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene as the measurement solvent. For the attribution of the obtained spectrum and the calculation of mmmm, see T.W. This was performed based on the method performed by Hayashi et al. [Polymer, 29 , 138 (1988)] and expressed as a percentage.
[0023]
(3) Ash (Ash)
A polypropylene (or film) having a weight of W (g) was put in a platinum crucible, first thoroughly burned with a gas burner, then completely ashed by treatment in an electric furnace at 750 to 800 ° C. for about 1 hour. The weight W ′ (g) of ash was measured and determined from the following formula.
[0024]
Ash = W ′ × W 1 × 10 6 (ppm)
[0025]
(4) Internal haze (H)
It measured according to JIS-K-7105, and calculated | required from the following formula. However, in order to remove light scattering due to unevenness of the film surface, the sample was measured in a state immersed in a quartz cell filled with liquid paraffin.
[0026]
H = Td × Tt 1 × 10 2
H: Internal haze (%)
Td: diffuse transmittance (%)
Tt: Total light transmittance (%)
[0027]
(5) The film thickness was measured using a dial gauge thickness gauge (JIS-B-7509).
[0028]
(6) Dielectric breakdown voltage (BDV)
It measured according to JIS-C-2110. Using a 100 μm thick, 10 cm square aluminum foil electrode for the cathode and a brass 8 mmφ electrode for the anode, sandwiching a film between them, and using a DC high-voltage stabilized power source manufactured by Kasuga Electric Co., Ltd., boosted at a rate of 100 V / second A voltage was applied while the current flowed 10 mA or more. The value obtained by dividing the voltage at that time by the film thickness at the measurement point was taken as the dielectric breakdown voltage, and was shown as an average value measured at 20 points.
[0029]
【Example】
The present invention will be described based on examples and comparative examples.
[0030]
Example 1
Polypropylene having an ash content of 12 ppm, a mesopentad fraction of 99.1%, and an intrinsic viscosity of 1.80 dl / g is fed to an extruder and melted at a resin temperature of 280 ° C., and extruded from a T-shaped die into a sheet. The sheet is wound around a casting drum at a temperature of 70 ° C. to cool and solidify, and then the sheet is preheated at 130 ° C., and then the sheet is kept at a temperature of 140 ° C. and passed between rolls provided with a difference in peripheral speed. Stretch 5 times and immediately cool to room temperature. Subsequently, the film was guided to a tenter, preheated to a temperature of 175 ° C., subsequently stretched 10 times in the width direction at a temperature of 165 ° C., and then heat-treated at a temperature of 170 ° C. while giving 8% relaxation in the width direction. Various characteristics of the obtained film are as shown in Table 1. The product of internal haze and ash (Ash · H) was small, and the voltage resistance was good.
[0031]
Examples 2-4, 6, 7 and Comparative Example 1
As described in Table 1, in the same manner as in Example 1, polypropylene films with various conditions changed were obtained.
[0032]
Example 5
A film having an ash content of 17 ppm, a mesopentad fraction of 99.1%, and an intrinsic viscosity of 1.84 dl / g was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the casting drum temperature was 40 ° C.
[0033]
Comparative Example 2
A film having an ash content of 25 ppm, a mesopentad fraction of 98.0%, and an intrinsic viscosity of 1.78 dl / g was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the casting drum temperature was 90 ° C.
[0034]
The film properties were as shown in Table 1.
[0035]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003654540
Examples 2-7 were all within the objective range of the present invention, and the obtained polypropylene film had good voltage resistance.
[0036]
On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 had large Ash · H and were outside the scope of the present invention, and had poor voltage resistance.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the polypropylene film of the present invention is suitable as a film for a voltage-resistant capacitor because the dielectric breakdown voltage is large and the voltage resistance is good because the ash content, internal haze, and mesopentad fraction are specified.

Claims (1)

メソペンタッド分率が98.4%以上である逐次二軸延伸フィルムであって、下式(1)、(2)の特性を有することを特徴とするコンデンサ用ポリプロピレンフィルム。
Ash・H≦20(ppm・%) (1)
(ただし、Ashはフィルムの灰分、Hは内部ヘイズを示す。)
BDV≧650(V/μm) (2)
(ただし、BDVはフィルムの絶縁破壊電圧を示す。BDVはJIS−C−2110に準じて測定される。
A sequentially biaxially-oriented film mesopentad fraction is 9 8.4% or more, a polypropylene film capacitor characterized by having the properties of the following formula (1), (2).
Ash · H ≦ 20 (ppm ·%) (1)
(However, Ash indicates the ash content of the film, and H indicates the internal haze.)
BDV ≧ 650 (V / μm) (2)
(However, BDV indicates the dielectric breakdown voltage of the film. BDV is measured according to JIS-C-2110. )
JP29829995A 1995-02-28 1995-11-16 Polypropylene film for capacitors Expired - Lifetime JP3654540B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29829995A JP3654540B2 (en) 1995-11-16 1995-11-16 Polypropylene film for capacitors
TW085110409A TW362228B (en) 1995-02-28 1996-08-27 A biaxially oriented polypropylene film and a capacitor made thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29829995A JP3654540B2 (en) 1995-11-16 1995-11-16 Polypropylene film for capacitors

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH09139323A JPH09139323A (en) 1997-05-27
JP3654540B2 true JP3654540B2 (en) 2005-06-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP29829995A Expired - Lifetime JP3654540B2 (en) 1995-02-28 1995-11-16 Polypropylene film for capacitors

Country Status (1)

Country Link
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008133446A (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-06-12 Oji Paper Co Ltd Biaxially oriented polypropylene film

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5149240B2 (en) 2009-06-04 2013-02-20 王子ホールディングス株式会社 Biaxially oriented polypropylene film for capacitors, metal-deposited film thereof, and cast raw sheet
WO2015012324A1 (en) * 2013-07-23 2015-01-29 東洋紡株式会社 Stretched polypropylene film

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008133446A (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-06-12 Oji Paper Co Ltd Biaxially oriented polypropylene film
US7872085B2 (en) 2006-11-01 2011-01-18 Oji Paper Co., Ltd. Biaxially oriented polyproplyene film

Also Published As

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