JP3652736B2 - Plasticizing and kneading equipment - Google Patents
Plasticizing and kneading equipment Download PDFInfo
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- JP3652736B2 JP3652736B2 JP15138395A JP15138395A JP3652736B2 JP 3652736 B2 JP3652736 B2 JP 3652736B2 JP 15138395 A JP15138395 A JP 15138395A JP 15138395 A JP15138395 A JP 15138395A JP 3652736 B2 JP3652736 B2 JP 3652736B2
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- Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、プラスチック,食品,セラミック,ゴム等の単軸押出機,射出成形機等に使用される可塑化混練装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
単軸可塑化装置は、供給された固体原料を溶融可塑化して押し出す装置であり、熱的、物質的に均一な状態で、しかも大容量の処理ができることが望まれる。一般的には大容量で押し出そうとすると熱的・物質的均一性を保つことが難しくなるため、混練性向上を目的とした種々の混練装置が提案されている。
【0003】
図7は従来広く使用されている混練装置の一例を示す側面図、図8は図7のVIII−VIII横断面図である。この例では、スクリュ(76)の外周部に複数段のフィン(72)を持つダルメージがあり、このダルメージは外周部に数条の溝(71),フィン(72)を有するフィン部(73)と円周方向に開放された円筒部(74)とを交互に数段組み合わせた構造となっている。
【0004】
このダルメージでは、フィン部(73)に送り込まれた樹脂は、何条かに分かれているフィン(72)によって分割され、フィン(72)間に形成される溝(71)内で旋回しながら先端へと押し出される。その後フィン部(73)の出口で合流した樹脂は、円筒部(74)でスクリュ(76)の回転に伴い、剪断作用を受けて円周方向に引き延ばされ、次いで更に後段のフィン(72)によって分割されるという複合的作用を受けながら混練される。従来レべルの容量の押し出しでは、このダルメージはかなりの混練効果を有するが、大容量の処理をしようとするとき、この部分を通過する樹脂の滞留時間が短くなり、混練不良となる。
【0005】
図9は、前記ダルメージタイプの混練性を向上させるものとして、特開昭62−167025号公報に提案されている混練装置の縦断側面図、図10は図9のX−X横断面図、図11は図9のXI−XI横断面図である。これはスクリュ(96)の外周とシリンダ(97)の内面に装着・固定されたスリーブ(98)の内周とに、フィン(92),(90)をそれぞれ複数形成するとともに、スクリュ側のフィン(92)とシリンダ側のフィン(90)とを軸方向に交互に配置した構造である。シリンダ側にフィンを形成した部分(91)のスクリュ外周面は円筒形状、スクリュ側にフィンを形成した部分(93)のシリンダ内周面は円筒形状であって、長手方向断面では、スクリュ(96),シリンダ(97)のいずれか一方にだけフィンが形成されている。この混練装置は、ダルメージでの混練作用に加え、樹脂が各フィン(90),(92)間を通過する際、両フィン間の隙間δ1 ,δ2 の部分で軸に垂直な方向に強い剪断作用を与えて、混練効果を高めるものである。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記従来の混練装置も高い混練性を有するが、大容量化に対応するためには、更に混練性を向上させる必要がある。
【0007】
図9ないし図11に示された混練装置では、スクリュ側のフィン(92)とシリンダ側のフィン(90)を軸方向に交互に配置しており、両フィン間で軸方向の流れを分割することにより混練性を高めることを意図している。図12は図9ないし図11の混練装置における軸線に垂直なX−X断面内の流線を示す。軸線に垂直な断面内では流れは旋回流を伴いながら軸線方向へ進むため、同断面内で壁面付近を流れる流体と中央部を流れる流体との位置置換効果は少なく、同断面内での混練効果は小さい。このため、混練性を更に向上させるには、同横断面内で位置置換を促進する必要がある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、前記従来の課題を解決するために、次の手段(1)〜(4)を提案するものである。
(1)スクリュ外周の円周方向に沿って複数配置され外方に突出するスクリュ外周フィンと、シリンダ内周の円周方向に沿って複数配置され内方に突出するシリンダ内周フィンとが、軸線方向に交互に配置された可塑化混練装置において、上記スクリュ外周フィンと上記シリンダ内周フィンの各先端には軸線方向に延びる平行部がそれぞれ形成され、上記スクリュ外周フィンの平行部は隣接するシリンダ内周フィンの平行部の外方に間隔をへだてて位置していると共に、上記シリンダ内周フィンおよびスクリュ外周フィンの平行部の断面形状が矩形状であることを特徴とする可塑化混練装置。
(2)上記スクリュ外周フィンが軸方向に間隔をおいて設けられていて、上流側の上記スクリュ外周フィンの平行部の軸方向長さが、下流側のスクリュ外周フィンの平行部よりも長く構成されていることを特徴とする(1)に記載の可塑化混練装置。
(3)上記シリンダ内周フィンおよびスクリュ外周フィンの先端から軸線方向に延びる平行部がテーパ形状となっていることを特徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の可塑化混練装置。
(4)上記シリンダ内周フィンおよびスクリュ外周フィンの条数を12条とすることを特徴とする(1)ないし(3)の何れかに記載の可塑化混練装置。
【0009】
【作用】
本発明は前記構成を有し、軸線方向に交互に配置されたスクリュ外周フィンとシリンダ内周フィンの各先端に軸線方向に延びる平行部がそれぞれ形成され、上記スクリュ外周フィンの平行部は隣接するシリンダ内周フィンの平行部の外方に間隔をへだてて位置しているので、スクリュが回転すると、軸線に垂直な断面において、スクリュ円筒面が回転するだけでなく、静止したシリンダ内周フィンの平行部の外側に位置するスクリュ外周フィンの平行部も回転する。したがって同断面内で流れは大きく変化する。その結果、上記断面内において、壁面付近を流れる流体とフィン断面中央部を流れる流体との位置置換が促進されるとともに、スクリュ外周フィンの平行部の回転により断面中央部においても流体に高い剪断応力が加えられるので、混練性が著しく向上する。また、樹脂が滞留し易い壁面付近においても常に高い剪断応力が加えられるので、セルフクリーニング性も向上し、樹脂置換性が向上して樹脂劣化物の付着等が抑制される。
【0010】
【実施例】
図1は本発明の第1実施例を示す縦断側面図、図2は図1のII−II矢視横断面図、図3は図1の III−III 矢視横断面図、図4は図1のIV−IV矢視横断面図である。
【0011】
これらの図において、(14)はスクリュ(11)の外周の円周方向に沿って複数配置され外方に突出するスクリュ外周フィン、(13)はシリンダ(12)の内面に装着,固定されたスリーブ、(15)は同スリーブ(13)の内周の円周方向に沿って複数配置され内方に突出するシリンダ内周フィンである。上記スクリュ外周フィン(14)とシリンダ内周フィン(15)は軸線方向に交互に配置されている。また上記スクリュ外周フィン(14)とシリンダ内周フィン(15)の各先端には軸線方向に延びる平行部(14a),(15a)がそれぞれ形成されて、フィン全体としてT字形の形状となっている。そして、スクリュ外周フィン(14)の平行部(14a)は隣接するシリンダ内周フィン(15)の平行部(15a)の外方に間隔をへだてて位置しており、両平行部(14a),(15a)が軸線に垂直な平面内で半径方向に重なり合っている。
【0012】
図5は、図3に示される III−III 横断面において、スクリュ回転時にスクリュ壁面付近に着目した流線の変化を示す図である。上記横断面内においてスクリュ外周フィンの平行部(14a)が回転し、シリンダ内周フィンの平行部(15a)との相対位置(位相)が変化する。位相θ=0°では断面中央部の流体はスクリュ(11)の壁面に沿った流れを呈しているが、位相が進むとともにスクリュ外周フィンの平行部(14a)の剪断流による旋回流が生じ、壁面近傍の流体と中央部の流体が混合される過程がわかる。すなわち、シリンダ内周フィン平行部(15a)の間のスクリュ(11)外壁面に沿う流れ(18)は、スクリュ外周フィン平行部(14a)の回転に伴う旋回流(19)によって、壁面付近と中央部の流体の混合を促進させる。このように流れは断面内で大きく変化して位置置換が著しく促進されるとともに、スクリュ(11)の外周面およびスクリュ外周フィン平行部(14a)の回転によって高い剪断応力が流体に加えられて混練性が向上する。
【0013】
図6は本発明の第2実施例を示す縦断側面図である。この実施例においても、スクリュ(21)の外周の円周方向に沿って複数配置され外方に突出するスクリュ外周フィン(24)と、シリンダ(22)の内面に装着されたスリーブ(23)の内周の円周方向に沿って複数配置され内方に突出するシリンダ内周フィン(25)とが、軸線方向に交互に配置されていること、また上記スクリュ外周フィン(24)とシリンダ内周フィン(25)の各先端には軸線方向に延びる平行部(24a),(25a)がそれぞれ形成され、スクリュ外周フィン(24)の平行部(24a)は隣接するシリンダ内周フィン(25)の平行部(25a)の外方に間隔をへだてて位置していることは、前記第1実施例と同様である。
【0014】
この第2実施例においては、フィンの先端から軸線方向に延びる平行部(24a),(25a)がテーパを持った形状となっている。したがって本実施例では、両平行部(24a),(25a)の半径方向寸法およびそれら平行部の隙間の半径方向位置が軸線方向に沿って変化するので、位置置換が更に促進され、混練性が向上する。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
以上詳細に説明したように、本発明による可塑化混練装置を使用した押出機、射出成形機では、大容量処理の場合でも流体を熱的、物質的に均一に混合できる。また、樹脂が滞留し易い壁面付近においても常に高い剪断応力が加えられるので、セルフクリーニング性が向上するとともに、樹脂置換性が向上し樹脂劣化物の付着等を抑制できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は本発明の第1実施例を示す縦断側面図である。
【図2】図2は図1のII−II矢視横断面図である。
【図3】図3は図1の III−III 矢視横断面図である。
【図4】図4は図1のIV−IV矢視横断面図である。
【図5】図5は図3に示された横断面におけるスクリュ壁面近傍の流線の変化を示す図である。
【図6】図6は本発明の第2実施例を示す縦断側面図である。
【図7】図7は従来の混練装置の一例を示す側面図である。
【図8】図8は図7のVIII−VIII矢視横断面図である。
【図9】図9は従来の混練装置の他の例を示す側面図である。
【図10】図10は図9のX−X矢視横断面図である。
【図11】図11は図9のXI−XI矢視横断面図である。
【図12】図12は図10に示された横断面における流線を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
(11),(12) スクリュ
(12),(22) シリンダ
(13),(23) スリーブ
(14),(24) スクリュ外周フィン
(14a),(24a) 平行部
(15),(25) シリンダ内周フィン
(15a),(25a) 平行部
(16),(26) スクリュのフライト
(17),(27) スクリュ溝底
(18) スクリュ外周面流れ
(19) 旋回流[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a plasticizing and kneading apparatus used for single-screw extruders, injection molding machines, etc. for plastics, foods, ceramics, rubbers and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The uniaxial plasticizing apparatus is an apparatus for melt-plasticizing and extruding a supplied solid raw material, and it is desirable that a large volume of processing can be performed in a thermally and materially uniform state. Generally, since it becomes difficult to maintain thermal and material uniformity when trying to extrude with a large capacity, various kneading apparatuses aimed at improving kneadability have been proposed.
[0003]
FIG. 7 is a side view showing an example of a kneading apparatus widely used conventionally, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. In this example, there is a dull image having a plurality of stages of fins (72) on the outer periphery of the screw (76), and this dull image has fins (73) having several grooves (71) and fins (72) on the outer periphery. And a cylindrical portion (74) opened in the circumferential direction are combined in several stages alternately.
[0004]
In this dull image, the resin fed into the fin portion (73) is divided by a plurality of divided fins (72), and is swung in a groove (71) formed between the fins (72) while being turned. Pushed out. Thereafter, the resin merged at the outlet of the fin portion (73) is subjected to a shearing action and stretched in the circumferential direction along with the rotation of the screw (76) in the cylindrical portion (74). Kneading while being subjected to the combined action of being divided by 2). In the conventional level extrusion, this dull image has a considerable kneading effect. However, when a large volume treatment is to be performed, the residence time of the resin passing through this portion is shortened, resulting in poor kneading.
[0005]
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal side view of a kneading apparatus proposed in JP-A-62-167025 as an improvement in the kneading property of the dull image type, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. A plurality of fins (92), (90) are formed on the outer periphery of the screw (96) and the inner periphery of the sleeve (98) attached and fixed to the inner surface of the cylinder (97), and the screw on the screw side (92) and cylinder side fins (90) are arranged alternately in the axial direction. The screw outer peripheral surface of the portion (91) in which the fin is formed on the cylinder side is cylindrical, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder of the portion (93) in which the fin is formed on the screw side is cylindrical, and the screw (96 ) And fins are formed only on one of the cylinders (97). This kneading apparatus is strong in the direction perpendicular to the axis at the gaps δ 1 and δ 2 between the fins when the resin passes between the fins (90) and (92) in addition to the kneading action in the dull image. A shearing action is given to enhance the kneading effect.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional kneading apparatus also has high kneading properties, but it is necessary to further improve kneading properties in order to cope with an increase in capacity.
[0007]
In the kneading apparatus shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the screw-side fins (92) and the cylinder-side fins (90) are alternately arranged in the axial direction, and the axial flow is divided between the fins. This is intended to improve the kneadability. FIG. 12 shows streamlines in the XX section perpendicular to the axis in the kneading apparatus of FIGS. In the cross section perpendicular to the axis, the flow proceeds in the axial direction with a swirling flow, so there is little positional displacement effect between the fluid flowing near the wall surface and the fluid flowing in the center in the same cross section, and the kneading effect in the same cross section Is small. For this reason, in order to further improve the kneadability, it is necessary to promote positional substitution within the same cross section.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventor proposes the following means (1) to (4) in order to solve the conventional problems.
(1) A plurality of screw outer peripheral fins that are arranged along the circumferential direction of the screw outer periphery and project outward, and a plurality of cylinder outer peripheral fins that are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder inner circumference and project inward, In the plasticizing and kneading apparatus arranged alternately in the axial direction, a parallel portion extending in the axial direction is formed at each tip of the screw outer peripheral fin and the cylinder inner peripheral fin, and the parallel portions of the screw outer peripheral fin are adjacent to each other. A plasticizing and kneading apparatus characterized in that the cylinder inner circumferential fin and the screw outer circumferential fin have a rectangular cross-sectional shape that is positioned outside the parallel portion of the cylinder inner circumferential fin and spaced apart from each other. .
(2) The screw outer peripheral fins are provided at intervals in the axial direction, and the axial length of the parallel portion of the upstream screw outer fin is longer than the parallel portion of the downstream screw outer fin. The plasticizing and kneading apparatus according to (1), wherein
(3) The plasticizing and kneading apparatus according to (1) or (2), wherein parallel portions extending in the axial direction from the tips of the cylinder inner peripheral fin and the screw outer peripheral fin are tapered.
(4) The plasticizing and kneading apparatus according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the number of the inner circumferential fin and the outer circumferential fin of the cylinder is 12.
[0009]
[Action]
The present invention has the above-described configuration, and a parallel portion extending in the axial direction is formed at each tip of the screw outer peripheral fin and the cylinder inner peripheral fin arranged alternately in the axial direction, and the parallel portions of the screw outer peripheral fins are adjacent to each other. Since the cylinder is located outside the parallel part of the cylinder inner peripheral fin with a gap, when the screw rotates, not only the screw cylindrical surface rotates in the cross section perpendicular to the axis but also the stationary cylinder inner fin. The parallel part of the screw outer peripheral fin located outside the parallel part also rotates. Therefore, the flow changes greatly in the same cross section. As a result, in the cross section, the displacement of the fluid flowing in the vicinity of the wall surface and the fluid flowing in the center of the fin cross section is promoted, and high shear stress is also applied to the fluid in the cross section of the center due to the rotation of the parallel portion of the screw outer fin. Therefore, kneadability is remarkably improved. In addition, since a high shear stress is always applied even near the wall surface where the resin tends to stay, the self-cleaning property is improved, the resin substituting property is improved, and adhesion of a deteriorated resin product is suppressed.
[0010]
【Example】
1 is a longitudinal side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
[0011]
In these figures, (14) is a plurality of screw outer peripheral fins that are arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer periphery of the screw (11) and project outward, and (13) is attached and fixed to the inner surface of the cylinder (12). A plurality of sleeves (15) are cylinder inner peripheral fins that are arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner periphery of the sleeve (13) and project inward. The screw outer peripheral fins (14) and the cylinder inner peripheral fins (15) are alternately arranged in the axial direction. Further, parallel portions (14a) and (15a) extending in the axial direction are formed at the tips of the screw outer peripheral fin (14) and the cylinder inner peripheral fin (15), respectively, so that the fin as a whole has a T-shape. Yes. And the parallel part (14a) of a screw outer periphery fin (14) is located in the outer side of the parallel part (15a) of an adjacent cylinder inner peripheral fin (15), and the parallel part (14a), (15a) overlaps in the radial direction in a plane perpendicular to the axis.
[0012]
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing changes in streamlines focusing on the vicinity of the screw wall surface during screw rotation in the III-III cross section shown in FIG. 3. The parallel part (14a) of the screw outer peripheral fin rotates within the transverse section, and the relative position (phase) with the parallel part (15a) of the cylinder inner peripheral fin changes. At the phase θ = 0 °, the fluid at the center of the cross section exhibits a flow along the wall surface of the screw (11). It can be seen that the fluid near the wall and the fluid in the center are mixed. That is, the flow (18) along the outer wall surface of the screw (11) between the cylinder inner peripheral fin parallel portions (15a) is caused by the swirling flow (19) accompanying the rotation of the screw outer peripheral fin parallel portion (14a) and the vicinity of the wall surface. Promotes mixing of the fluid in the center. In this way, the flow changes greatly in the cross section, and the position substitution is remarkably promoted, and a high shear stress is applied to the fluid by the rotation of the outer peripheral surface of the screw (11) and the screw outer peripheral fin parallel portion (14a), thereby kneading. Improves.
[0013]
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. Also in this embodiment, a plurality of screw outer peripheral fins (24) which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer periphery of the screw (21) and project outward, and a sleeve (23) mounted on the inner surface of the cylinder (22). A plurality of cylinder inner circumferential fins (25) that are arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner circumference and project inward are alternately arranged in the axial direction, and the screw outer circumferential fins (24) and the inner circumference of the cylinder are arranged. Parallel ends (24a) and (25a) extending in the axial direction are formed at the respective tips of the fins (25), and the parallel portions (24a) of the screw outer peripheral fins (24) are formed on the adjacent cylinder inner peripheral fins (25). It is the same as that of the said 1st Example that it is located outside the parallel part (25a) and spaced apart.
[0014]
In the second embodiment, the parallel portions (24a) and (25a) extending in the axial direction from the tips of the fins have a tapered shape. Therefore, in this embodiment, since the radial dimension of both parallel parts (24a) and (25a) and the radial position of the gap between these parallel parts change along the axial direction, position substitution is further promoted and kneadability is improved. improves.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As explained in detail above, in the extruder and the injection molding machine using the plasticizing and kneading apparatus according to the present invention, the fluid can be uniformly mixed thermally and materially even in the case of a large volume treatment. In addition, since a high shear stress is always applied even near the wall surface where the resin tends to stay, the self-cleaning property is improved and the resin substitution property is improved, so that the adhesion of a deteriorated resin can be suppressed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow IV-IV in FIG. 1. FIG.
5 is a diagram showing changes in streamlines in the vicinity of the screw wall surface in the cross section shown in FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing an example of a conventional kneading apparatus.
8 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow VIII-VIII in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing another example of a conventional kneading apparatus.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow XX in FIG. 9;
11 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow XI-XI in FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing streamlines in the cross section shown in FIG. 10;
[Explanation of symbols]
(11), (12) Screw (12), (22) Cylinder (13), (23) Sleeve (14), (24) Screw outer fin (14a), (24a) Parallel part (15), (25) Cylinder inner peripheral fin (15a), (25a) Parallel part (16), (26) Screw flight (17), (27) Screw groove bottom (18) Screw outer peripheral surface flow (19) Swirl flow
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15138395A JP3652736B2 (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1995-06-19 | Plasticizing and kneading equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP15138395A JP3652736B2 (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1995-06-19 | Plasticizing and kneading equipment |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH09902A JPH09902A (en) | 1997-01-07 |
JP3652736B2 true JP3652736B2 (en) | 2005-05-25 |
Family
ID=15517385
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP15138395A Expired - Fee Related JP3652736B2 (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1995-06-19 | Plasticizing and kneading equipment |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3652736B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AUPR391401A0 (en) | 2001-03-22 | 2001-04-12 | Ceramic Fuel Cells Limited | Liquid phase reactor |
CN104400983A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 苏州同大机械有限公司 | Extrusion machine |
JP7401770B2 (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2023-12-20 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Kneading extruder, sleeve, extrusion method for kneading materials |
JP2022117748A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Resin injection molding device |
-
1995
- 1995-06-19 JP JP15138395A patent/JP3652736B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH09902A (en) | 1997-01-07 |
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