JP3650085B2 - Fish processing method using smoked liquid with smoke components dissolved - Google Patents

Fish processing method using smoked liquid with smoke components dissolved Download PDF

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JP3650085B2
JP3650085B2 JP2002190411A JP2002190411A JP3650085B2 JP 3650085 B2 JP3650085 B2 JP 3650085B2 JP 2002190411 A JP2002190411 A JP 2002190411A JP 2002190411 A JP2002190411 A JP 2002190411A JP 3650085 B2 JP3650085 B2 JP 3650085B2
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smoke
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fish
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JP2004033014A (en
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健三 櫻井
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株式会社オンスイ
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、燻煙成分を例えば水溶液に溶解し、切り身魚から中型魚であるブリ、かんぱち、更に大型魚種であるマグロ等の高品質、高鮮度の燻製冷凍品を実現できる魚類加工(並びに保存方法)に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
例えば、マグロの肉質は、ブリ,その他の白身魚と違い、全身赤身魚(全筋肉中にミオグロビ蛋白色素が分散し、外観上全身赤身質である。)であり、赤い肉色のマグロはマイナス20℃程度の通常の冷凍保存状態に保管すると、メト化は時間経過と共に全身の肉質に及び、解凍後はほとんど褐色又は黒色に変わってしまう。栄養価や衛生面では食しても全く問題ないが、目で食べる食材である刺身材料としては不適となる。そのため陸揚げされたマグロの大半は、缶詰用として用いられてきた。
【0003】
1961年大洋漁業(現マルハ)から冷凍保管中のメト化の防止法としての特許(超低温保存法)が出された。当時業界の常識とされていた最低冷凍温度マイナス24℃付近で黒褐色にかわるものを更に温度を下げていきマイナス65℃以下まで下げると鮮赤色を長期に渡り保てることがわかったのである。これで冷凍のマグロを刺身で食べるための技術の基礎が確立された。しかし、マグロ肉の色調は極めてデリケートで変化が激しく、フィレー(ロイン)の加工形態としては、たとえマイナス60℃でも、これらの変化を長期間止めることは不可能であり、その為現在冷凍で保存されるマグロはほぼ全て、自然の保護膜である表皮に覆われたラウンド(丸物)の取り扱いである。
【0004】
そのため業界では、全体重量の三分の二に当る不可食部分の除去による輸送コストの削減が切望されていたが、前述の事情により実現できなかった。
【0005】
高価なマグロと日本人の刺身の色調へのこだわりから生まれた冷凍食品ではあるが、これほどの低温で食品を扱うためには、冷凍から冷凍保管期間を含め膨大な石油エネルギーを消費できることが前提であり、国内では、マグロのために超低温流通体制が、近年作られ、国内刺身マグロの多くはこのシステム化した流通体制で行なわれている。近年の環境保護、省エネルギーが叫ばれる中、学会や業界から、省エネルギーの観点から逆行しているとの意見も多い。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
古来よりの保存技術の一つである燻煙による燻製品は燻煙(気体)の状態での魚肉との接触吸着によってその効果を生じせしめるが、近年になり燻煙発生時に生成される木酢液を原料とした蒸留くん液が燻製品製造に利用されるようになった(便宜上、このような従来の着香を主目的とした蒸留液をくん液と記載し、本発明の燻煙成分を溶解した溶液を燻液とする。)。
【0007】
しかし一般的な評価として、燻煙処理の方がくん液処理と比べ評価が高く商品として好まれる。これは燻煙とくん液の成分が違う事に起因する。製造面から見た場合は、くん液処理が産業的に多く取り入れられている原因は、その取り扱いが容易であり、量産化に向く点である。
【0008】
燻煙の効果は、出願人による特開平8−294357号に述べたとおり多様の効果が期待できるのに対し、くん液の効果は主に着香の効果である。この原因としては燻煙成分には、固体、液体、気体などの成分が含まれるが、くん液(時に蒸留くん液)については、その大半は液体成分であり、特に燻煙の気体成分をほとんど有していないことに由来する。
【0009】
本来燻製の目的である保存性が発揮される場合はこの燻煙処理によりもたらされるものであり、くん液の主な使用目的は着香であり保存性にはあまり効果はない。
【0010】
即ち、燻煙処理品がくん液処理品より、保存性や商品価値として秀れているが、くん液はその使用上の貯蔵性、均一性,作業性,利便性に秀れているために、取り入れられているのが現状である。
【0011】
そこで、燻煙成分(気体,液体)をそのまま液体状態にできれば、液体(燻液)で燻煙処理に近い製品の製造が可能となり、難しい燻煙処理を行なわずに例えば簡単な漬込作業だけで燻煙処理に近い製品ができることとなる。
【0012】
本発明は、例えば出願人が開発した燻煙発生装置(特開平8−298925号)により発生させた燻煙を洗気筒などにより燻製品製造に不必要なすすやタール成分を除去した後、空気を絶ったあるいは空気が混入しない状態で、ミキサーまたは、接触筒により加圧状態で酸化防止剤、pH調整剤、調味料など必要添加物を溶解した水溶液あるいは溶解しない水溶液に燻煙成分を溶解し燻液とし、魚肉を浸すか、フィルターを通し固形物を除去した後、例えば出願人による特開平8−294357号の灌流液として用いることにより、燻煙成分や食品添加物を肉中に拡散させ燻製品を製造する魚類加工法を提供するものである。
【0013】
この技術により漬込み作業だけで、あるいは従来の出願人の灌流処理に燻煙処理を同時に行なうことが可能となり、その結果、マグロをラウンドのままか、あるいは可食部分のみを、マイナス60℃以下とせずともマイナス18℃の冷凍輸送で世界中の産地から日本に輸送することが可能となり、このような加工を施せばその冷凍、保存に必要な消費エネルギーはおよそ1/80まで減ずることが可能となり極めて大きな省エネルギーが期待できる。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
添付図面を参照して本発明の要旨を説明する。
【0015】
燻材を投入する投入部2と燻煙排出路7とから空気が流入しない構造の燻煙発生装置より発生させた燻煙を、空気を絶ったあるいは空気が流入しない状態ですすやタール成分などの不要物を除去し、水又は水溶液若しくは酸化防止剤,pH調整剤,調味料などの必要添加物を溶解した水溶液と常圧若しくは加圧状態により接触又はミキサーにより攪拌接触させて燻煙成分を溶解させて燻液を作成し、この燻液を魚類に付与して燻製品を製造することを特徴とする燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法に係るものである。
【0016】
また、前記燻液にスキンレス切身フィレーを浸して、燻液を付与したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法に係るものである。
【0017】
また、前記燻液を、灌流液として用い血管を介して肉中に拡散させて、燻液を付与したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法に係るものである。
【0018】
また、前記燻液をフィルターに通して微細固形物を除去した後、これを灌流液として用い、血管を介して肉中に拡散させて、燻液を付与したことを特徴とする請求項3記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法に係るものである。
【0019】
また、前記燻液を灌流液として用いて、マグロ,カジキなどのラウンド状態の大型魚肉中に燻煙成分を拡散させ燻製品を製造することを特徴とする請求項3,4のいずれか1項に記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法に係るものである。
【0020】
また、魚類の血管を介して血液を凝固させない成分を含む血液を流出させるための第一灌流液を圧入して血液を流出させた後、その後注入する灌流液として前記燻液を血管を介して肉中に拡散させて、燻煙成分を肉中に付与して燻製品を製造することを特徴とする請求項3〜のいずれか1項に記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法に係るものである。
【0021】
また、魚類の血管を介して血液を凝固させない成分を含む血液を流出させるための第一灌流液を圧入して血液を流出させた後、第二灌流液として、酸化防止や味覚改善などの目的に応じた成分を含めた前記燻液を血管を介して肉中に拡散させて燻煙成分を肉中に付与し燻製品を製造することを特徴とする請求項記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法に係るものである。
【0022】
また、前記燻液を付与した燻製品を凍結させることを特徴とする請求項1〜のいずれか1項に記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法に係るものである。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
好適と考える本発明の実施の形態(発明をどのように実施するか)を、図面に基づいてその作用効果を示して簡単に説明する。
【0024】
本発明は、燻材を投入する投入部2と燻煙排出路7とから空気が流入しない構造の燻煙発生装置より発生させた燻煙を、空気を絶ったあるいは空気が流入しない状態ですすやタール成分などの不要物を除去し、水又は水溶液若しくは酸化防止剤,pH調整剤,調味料などの必要添加物を溶解した水溶液と常圧若しくは加圧状態により接触又はミキサーにより攪拌接触させて燻煙成分を溶解させて燻液を作成し、前記燻液にスキンレス切身フィレーを浸して、燻液を付与したり、前記燻液を、灌流液として用い血管を介して肉中に拡散させて、燻液を付与することで、燻製品を製造する。
【0025】
即ち、言わば燻煙(燻煙成分)を液体化することで、この液体(燻液)で燻煙処理に近い製品の製造を行ない、気体との接触による従来の難しい燻煙処理を行なわずに例えば簡単な漬込作業だけで燻煙処理に近い製品ができることとなる。しかも着香だけでなく、この燻液には液体・気体の燻煙成分が含まれているため、保存性など燻煙処理と同様の効果が発揮され、従来取り扱いが容易でなく、量産性に難点のあった燻煙処理を取り扱いが容易で量産性に秀れる燻液により行うことができることとなる。即ち、前述のように燻液により燻煙成分を与えて燻製品とするため、単に燻液に浸すだけで良く、また、例えば出願人による特開平8−294357号のように灌流液として使用して簡単に肉中に拡散できることとなる。
【0026】
例えば、魚類の血管を介して血液を凝固させない成分を含む血液を流出させるための第一灌流液を圧入して血液を流出させた後、第二灌流液として、前記燻液あるいは酸化防止や味覚改善などの目的に応じた成分を含めた前記燻液を血管を介して肉中に拡散させて燻煙成分を肉中に付与し燻製品を製造することも可能で、燻煙成分と共に食品添加物も肉中に簡単に効率良く十分に広く一様に拡散でき、灌流処理と燻煙処理とを同時に行え、極めて実用性に秀れている。
【0027】
また、これらの加工は、ラウンド状態でもフィレー(さく)の状態でも行える。
【0028】
また、これらの加工の後冷凍すれば、前記燻煙処理の効果によりマイナス60℃もの超冷凍としなくてもメト化は防止され、輸送コストを格段に下げることができ、また前述のようにラウンドでの輸送は強いられないから、輸送コストも一層下げられ、省エネにも秀れる。
【0029】
【実施例】
本発明の具体的な実施例について図面に基づいて説明する。
【0030】
本実施例では、燻煙発生装置(特開平8−298925号)により発生させた燻煙を空気を絶った、あるいは空気が混入しない状態で洗気筒などにより燻製品製造に不必要なすすやタール成分を除去した後、酸化防止剤,pH調整剤,調味料など必要添加物を溶解した、あるいは溶解しない水溶液にミキサー又は常圧、あるいは加圧状態で接触筒により燻煙成分を溶解し燻液を生成する。この燻液を、第一実施例では、フィルターを通し微細固形物を除去した後、特開平8−294357号の灌流液として用いることにより、燻煙成分や食品添加物を肉中に拡散させ燻製品を製造する、即ち、燻液をフィルターを通し微細固形物を除去した後、灌流液として用いることにより、マグロ(黒マグロ,南インドマグロ,黄肌マグロ,目鉢マグロ)、カジキなどの大型魚のラウンド状態で燻煙成分や食品添加物を肉中に拡散させ燻製品を製造する。
【0031】
また、第二実施例では、燻液にスキンレス切身フィレーを浸し、燻製品を製造する、以下夫々の実施例について更に詳述する。
【0032】
1.灌流用装置(第一実施例)
(1) 全体の構成(図1)
清浄水に水溶性酸化防止剤、pH調整剤を溶解したタンクの吐き出し口と高圧ポ ンプの吸水口とを逆止弁を介して接続し、高圧ポンプの吐き出し口と接触筒の上部 とを接続し、このポンプによりタンク内の水管液は接触筒の上部から注入されるよ うに構成する。
【0033】
接触筒は、内部に接触材が封入してありポンプにより注入された水溶液はこの接 触材を伝って、接触筒の下部に集まる。
【0034】
一方、燻煙発生装置で生成された燻煙は、簡易フィルターを通し、すすやタール 分を取り除いた後、コンプレッサーにより接触筒の下部より圧入される。
【0035】
この接触筒内では、下部の水面が変動しないように水位調整用に液面調整圧力バ ルブが取り付けられている。更に、接触筒の上部には注入した燻煙の放出用の圧力 バルブが取り付けられ燻煙は作動時は注入と放出が常に行なわれ、燻煙の接触筒内 の燻煙組成濃度が一定になるようにしてある。
【0036】
これら接触筒内の圧力は水圧と気圧のバランスを任意に調整できるものである。
【0037】
接触筒からは、圧力調整用のバルブが取り付けられ接触筒内の圧力を調整すると ともに接触筒より水溶液は、フィルターハウジングに導かれ中に0.3μmの孔径 のフィルターを通し毛細血管の梗塞原因物質及び微生物の混入を防止する。
【0038】
以上を経た水溶液(燻液)は注入用のカテーテルに導かれ、活魚の動脈球に挿入さ れ、灌流処理を行なう。
【0039】
(2) 使用例
仮死状態の活魚を開腹し、心臓を露出後、わずかに灌流溶液が流れ出る状態のカ テーテルを心室より動脈球に挿入し、位置をクリップや鉗子で固定後静脈洞を切開 し、魚体重に適応した液量をバルブ調整によって行ない所定の時間で完了する。
【0040】
また、同構造の機器を特開平10−179016号(灌流装置)に組み込んで使用 することもできる。
【0041】
また、魚類の血管を介して血液を凝固させない成分を含む血液を流出させるため の第一灌流液を圧入して血液を流出させた後、その後注入する灌流液として前記燻 液を血管を介して肉中に拡散させても良い。
【0042】
また、この際、燻液内に前述のように予め酸化防止剤,pH調整剤,調味料など の必要添加物を溶解しておいても良いし、魚類の血管を介して血液を凝固させない 成分を含む血液を流出させるための第一灌流液を圧入して血液を流出させた後、第 二灌流液として酸化防止や味覚改善などの目的に応じた成分を含めた前記燻液を血 管を介して肉中に拡散させても良い。
【0043】
2.漬込用装置(第二実施例)
(1) 全体構成(図2)
清浄水に水溶性酸化防止剤、pH調整剤を溶解した漬込用タンクの吐き出し口か ら粗フィルター(孔径200μm程度)により粗塵を除去した後に精密ろ過用フィル ター(孔径0.3μm程度)を通過させ微生物除去を行なった後、高圧ポンプの吸水 口に逆止弁を介して接続し、吐き出し口は接触筒の上部に接続し、このポンプによ りタンク内の水管液は接触筒の上部から注入されるように構成する。
【0044】
接触筒は内部に接触材が封入してあり、ポンプにより注入された水溶液はこの接 触材を伝って、接触筒の下部に集まる。
【0045】
一方、燻煙発生装置で生成された燻煙は、簡易フィルターを通し、すすやタール 分を取り除いた後、コンプレッサーにより接触筒の下部より圧入される。
【0046】
この接触筒内では、下部の水面が変動しないように水位調整用に液面調整圧力バ ルブが取り付けられている。更に、接触筒の上部には注入した燻煙の放出用の圧力 バルブが取り付けられ燻煙は作動時は注入と放出が常に行なわれ、燻煙の接触筒内 の燻煙組成濃度が一定になるようにしてある。
【0047】
これら接触筒内の圧力は水圧と気圧のバランスを任意に調整できるものである。
【0048】
接触筒からは、圧力調整用のバルブが取り付けられ接触筒内の圧力を調整した後 、水溶液は、漬込用タンクに戻る。
【0049】
(2) 使用例
ポンプで燻煙溶解液(燻液)を循環させている漬込タンクにフィレー加工された 類を漬け込み所定時間で燻煙処理を終了する。
【0050】
3.製品への効果
本発明による処理方法は、従前の特開平10−179016号のぶり,かんぱちの みならず、マグロなどの大型魚にも更にフィレー加工された皮むき魚肉など、種類を 問わず応用が可能であり、その効果は下記の通りであった。
【0051】
(1) 試験ぶり(はまち)
試験区(燻煙溶解灌流処理)と対照区(無処理)との官能試験
冷蔵庫内の保存試験結果
経過
0日目
処理後解体ロインの肉質では、対照区と比較しやや試験区の赤身が明る い色調となる。
1日経過後
対照区は1日以内で退色が始まり、柔らかい味を感ずる(賞味限界)。
試験区の色調は変化無し、柔らか味をやや感ずる。
味覚、臭気は両区とも無し。
2日経過後
対照区は丸2日目で完全に褐色化、果実臭が強く感じられ、食すると柔 らか味と独特の粘りが口内に残る(賞味不能)。
試験区は色調、味覚は正常であるが、食感(硬さ)が低下(賞味可能)。
3日経過後
対照区の外観は前日同様であるが果実臭がより強くなる。
試験区は色調、味覚は前日と比べ低下柔らか味が更に増すが臭気は無し (賞味限界)。
【0052】
結果
試験区は対照区と比較して色調、硬さ、味覚ともに変化は遅延され賞味期限 の限界で1日は刺身商材として延長が可能である。以降商品価値が低下するが 、表面乾燥が促進され生ずる色調の変化が主体であり、対照区が1日でメト化 が促進されるのに対し、試験区は3日目でもメト化は生じていない。ブリ(は まち)独特の異味異臭の出現も大幅に遅れ、一連の加工処理効果が確認できた

【0053】
(2) 試験ぶり
上記0日目の対照区を急速凍結とし、従来品(特開平10−179016号によ る)との比較
【0054】
【表1】

Figure 0003650085
【0055】
結果
試験区、対照区ともに最良期間は解凍後丸1日であった。しかし、その変化 は穏やかで賞味期間はおよそ3日間に及ぶものと思われる。
従来燻煙処理法の色調と試験区の色調が異なるが、その原因は不明である。
【0056】
(3) 試験及び試験の結果ぶり
色調の変化は鮮魚の試験区が最も良好であり続いて冷凍品の試験区及び対照区と なっている。冷凍品は鮮魚と比べ凍結障害により水分の放出に差を生じていること が考えられる。
【0057】
しかし、色調におけるメト化率ではその差は歴然であり、燻製品は全て3日目で 20%前後であるのに対し鮮魚の対照区は80%以上とメト化(褐変化)が進み燻煙 の効果が顕著である。
【0058】
食味は鮮魚において主体成分はイノシン酸であることから、3日目で急激に低下 が進んでいる。また冷凍品においては解凍後1日半以降味覚の低下を起こしている 。この変化は、イノシン酸の生成、分解と燻煙加工処理とは直接関係のないつまり ATPの分解に関与するものではないものと思われる。しかし食感として試験区が 秀れた結果となるがその原因は不明である。
【0059】
鮮魚の着臭では対照区が早く、丸2日目に果実臭を生じている。これはブリの場 合、主に血合いを中心に生ずることから、微生物による発臭というよりは、酵素分 解による発臭と思われるが、一連の処理はこれら臭気の発生を防止する効果が高い 。
【0060】
尚、試験期間中の各試験区、対照区とも鮮度係数K値(%)は最終日でいずれも2 5%前後と鮮度は良好であった。
【0061】
マグロの燻煙溶液灌流処理品の冷蔵品、冷凍品の変化
活魚の本マグロに燻煙灌流処理を試み、ロインブロックの形態で、冷蔵庫保管 (空気接触状態及びブロックピース真空パック)試験を行い酸敗臭及び色調の変化 についても検討した。
【0062】
更に同マグロをロインブロックピースとしてマイナス18℃凍結し、30日後 解凍しその後変化を調べた。但し対照区なし。
【0063】
【表2】
Figure 0003650085
【0064】
評価1
従来より蓄養マグロ、養殖マグロなどは天然ものと比べ極めて脂質比率が高くその ため油やけ(酸化臭)が問題とされ、解体後3日目位から酸化臭が感じられるようにな る。
【0065】
今回の試験結果では、灌流処理後ラウンドで2日間かけて輸送し、解体して空気接 触が始まってから8日間は全く酸敗臭は生じなかった。また同時期を通じ果実臭、腐 敗臭も全く感じられなかった。更に、ブロックピース空気接触を絶った状態では、メ ト化の進行は試験期間では全く発生しなかった。
【0066】
空気接触による発色は解体後ほぼ1日で完全発色まで達したが、従来のマグロブロ ックではメト化は肉の中の中心部や、皮際からも発生していたが、今回の処理品は内 部からは全くメト化を生じない興味ある結果となった。
【0067】
評価2
緩慢凍結であるが、30日経過でも退色は進んでいるが鮮赤色を維持している。マ グロの色調はブリ類に比べ安定しているが、通常のマグロ凍結並びに保存温度により 極めて短期間にメト化を生ずる。試験2において味覚面で0,1日目でマグロの味覚 は濃厚で、その後に味抜けする現象は冷蔵試験のほぼ5日目に該当する。冷凍試験で は解凍後3日間はシャーレー内では目に見えて退色は進まなかった。3日目から臭気 が感じられるが、4日目に腐敗臭に変化していることから試験2の初期菌数が多いこ とが推測される。
【0068】
灌流処理後の冷凍品をマイナス18℃凍結保存し30日経過後で刺身材料として使 用できることが確認されたことにより、製造工程の改良により更に保存性を向上でき ると思われる。
【0069】
【表3】
Figure 0003650085
【0070】
結果
試験区は3日目以降の段階でも湿度を維持した保存ケース内であれば、充分商品価 値を維持しているものと思われる。色調のみを基準にすれば、空気接触状態で試験区 は3日以上商品価値を維持するのに対し、対照区は凍結状態ですでにメト化が進み、 解凍前で商品価値は失われている。また、臭気の発生についても、試験区は解凍後3 日以上にわたり臭気は感じられないのに対し、対照区は解凍後2日目以降で臭気を感 ずる。以上の結果燻液漬込効果は、色調のみならず、食味、食感の延長向上に効果が ある。
【0071】
試験結果のまとめ
以上の結果より、燻煙による燻液によって加工処理された各魚類は、色調面や味覚 面で秀れた保存性向上が期待できることが判明した。更にこれら一連の効果は、冷凍 保存中にもその効果は発揮される。また色調面の冷凍中の保存効果は、従来の製品と 同等であることが確認された。
【0072】
従って、燻煙処理の効果(燻煙を与える効果)としては、
特有の香気,風味の付与
食肉の発色及び肉色の安定化
脂肪の酸化防止作用
肉中の微生物の増加防止
肉の自己消化の促進
乾燥効果(水分活性の低下)
燻煙成分より抗菌性物質の浸透吸着
加熱殺菌効果(40℃以上に上昇の場合)
とされているが、本実施例の燻液を用いた加工によってこれと同様な効果が発揮され る。
【0073】
尚、本実施例で用いた燻煙発生装置(特開平8−298925号)について図3に基 づいて説明する。
【0074】
木屑などの燻材を投入する投入部2に投入部2から送り込まれた燻材を移送し得る 移送管路3を連設し、前記投入部2には投入部2から移送管路3内に外気が流入しに くくなる送り込みスクリュー4A又はロータなどの外気流入抑制機構4を設け、前記 移送管路3内に投入部2から送り込まれた燻材を撹拌しながら移送する送り込みスク リュー5Aなどの撹拌移送機構5を設けこの移送管路3に撹拌移送されている燻材を 温度制御して加熱する加熱部6を設け、移送管路3の終端に燻煙排出路7を連設する と共に、前記移送管路3終端より落下する固体分若しくは液体分を収容する収容部8 を設け、前記燻煙排出路7から燻煙を導出発生させるように構成している。
【0075】
また、前記燻煙排出路7に前記収容部8に向けて射出される水流若しくは水蒸気な どの噴射流を射出する排出路洗浄機構9を設け、前記燻煙排出路7から燻煙を導出発 生させるように構成している。
【0076】
この燻煙発生装置は、垂下導管2Aの上部にホッパー2Bを設けた投入部2とし、 この垂下導管2A内に外気流入抑制機構4としてモータ4Bで回転する送り込みスク リュー4Aを設け、この垂下導管2Aの下部に移送管路3を連設状態に横設している 。
【0077】
従って、ホッパー2Bに投入される燻材は送り込みスクリュー4Aにより移送管路 3内に送り込まれるが、単に垂下導管2Aを通って落下投入される構造でなく、送り 込みスクリュー4Aにより送り込まれるために移送管路3内に外気が流入しにくい構 造となる。
【0078】
この移送管路3内に撹拌移送機構5としてモータ5Bで回転する送り込みスクリュ ー5Aを設け、投入部2から送り込まれた燻材がこの送り込みスクリュー5Aにより 撹拌されながら側方の終端側へと移送されるように構成している。
【0079】
また、本実施例ではこの移送管路3の途中に加熱部6としてバンドヒーターを設け 、このヒーターを温度抑制するように構成している。
【0080】
従って、投入部2から空気が入り込まない密封構造の乾留方式となり、送り込まれ る燻材は適正な温度帯で数段階に夫々温度抑制された複数のバンドヒーターで加熱さ れ、燃焼することなく酸化物の少ない乾留された良質な燻煙が発生する。
【0081】
しかも、乾留方式でありながら、移送管路3の底を移送する燻材は送り込みスクリ ュー5Aにより撹拌されながら移送して加熱されるから、燻材は燃焼による熱源を有 さずも均一に適正温度に加熱されて熱分解し良質な燻煙が大量にして連続的に発生す る。
【0082】
この移送管路3の終端には燻煙排出路7がほぼ密閉状態にして外気が加熱部6へ流 入しないように連設されており、この下方底部には移送管路3の終端から落下する液 分(タール分)と固形分(炭)を収容する収容部8を設けている。本実施例ではこの 収容部8として水槽を設け、この水槽からオーバーフローする排液を分離ストレーナ 板10(パンチングメタル板)を伝わって粉体廃材14(主としてカーボン)を排槽11に 収容し、水分を溜槽12に収容するように構成している。
【0083】
また、前記燻煙排出路7の上部には排気導部7Aを設け、この排気導部7Aから分 岐して下方の収容槽13に導く排気導部7Bを設け、移送管路3内で発生した燻煙がこ の燻煙排出路7の排気導部7A,排気導部7Bを介して外部に排出されるように構成 している。
【0084】
本実施例は、この燻煙排出路7の排気導部7A,排気導部7Bに夫々収容部8,収 容槽13に向かって洗浄水を射出する排出路洗浄機構9を設け、排気導部7A,排気導 部7B内にタール分が付着したり、炭が付着して詰まらないように常時洗浄し良質な 燻煙が排出されるように構成している。
【0085】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上述のように構成したから、言わば燻煙(燻煙成分)を液体化し、この燻液を魚類に付与することで、この液体(燻液)で燻煙処理に近い製品の製造を行なうため、難しい燻煙処理を行なわずに例えば簡単な漬込作業だけで燻煙処理に近い製品ができ、しかも着香だけでなく、この燻液には液体・気体の燻煙成分が含まれているため、保存性など燻煙処理と同様の効果が発揮されると共に、従来取り扱いが容易でなく、量産性に難点のあった燻煙処理を取り扱いが容易で量産性に秀れる燻液により行うことができ、その結果、例えばマグロをラウンドのままか、あるいは可食部分のみをマイナス60℃以下とせずともマイナス18℃の冷凍輸送で世界中の産地から日本に輸送することが可能であり、このような加工を施せばその冷凍、保存に必要な消費エネルギーはおよそ1/80まで減ずることが可能となるなど極めて大きな省エネルギーが期待できる画期的な燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法となる。
【0086】
また、請求項2記載の発明においては、一層簡単に燻製品を製造でき、また、請求項3記載の発明においては、例えば従来の出願人の灌流処理に燻煙処理を同時に行なうことが可能となるなど一層秀れた燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法なる。
【0087】
また、請求項6,7,8記載の発明においては、一層簡易な構成にして本発明の作用・効果を確実に発揮する極めて実用性に秀れたと燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 第一実施例の概略構成説明図である。
【図2】 第二実施例の概略構成説明図である。
【図3】 本実施例の燻煙発生装置の概略構成説明図である。
【符号の説明】
投入部
燻煙排出路 [0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention is a fish processing that can dissolve smoked smoke components in, for example, an aqueous solution and realize high-quality, high-freshness smoked frozen products from fillet fish to medium-sized fish such as yellowtail, kanpachi, and large fish species such as tuna. Preservation method).
[0002]
[Prior art]
  For example, the meat quality of tuna is different from yellowtail and other white fish, it is whole body red fish (myoglobin protein pigment is dispersed in all muscles and the whole body is lean red), and red meat color tuna is minus 20 When stored in a normal frozen storage state of about 0 ° C., the meth- odation extends to the whole-body flesh over time and turns almost brown or black after thawing. Although there is no problem with eating in terms of nutritional value and hygiene, it is not suitable as a raw material for sashimi. Therefore, most of the tuna that has been landed has been used for canning.
[0003]
  In 1961, the Ocean Fisheries (now Maruha) issued a patent (ultra-low temperature storage method) as a method for preventing methotreaction during frozen storage. It was found that the bright red color could be maintained for a long time by further reducing the temperature of the dark brown color at around the minimum freezing temperature of minus 24 ° C, which was common knowledge in the industry at that time, and lowering it to below minus 65 ° C. This established the basis for the technology to eat frozen tuna with sashimi. However, the color of the tuna meat is extremely delicate and changes drastically. As a form of fillet (loin), even if it is minus 60 ° C, it is impossible to stop these changes for a long time. Almost all of the tuna is handled as rounds covered with the epidermis, a natural protective film.
[0004]
  For this reason, the industry has been eager to reduce the transportation cost by removing the inedible portion, which is two-thirds of the total weight, but it has not been realized due to the aforementioned circumstances.
[0005]
  Although it is a frozen food born from expensive tuna and Japanese sashimi's attention to color, in order to handle food at such a low temperature, it is assumed that it can consume enormous petroleum energy from frozen to frozen storage period In Japan, an ultra-low temperature distribution system for tuna has recently been created, and most of the domestic sashimi tuna are distributed in this system. While recent environmental protection and energy conservation are screaming, there are many opinions from academic societies and industries that they are going backwards from the viewpoint of energy conservation.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  Smoked smoked products, which have been one of the preservation technologies since ancient times, produce their effect by contact adsorption with fish meat in the state of smoke (gas). Distilled smoke liquid made from the raw material has been used in the manufacture of soot products (for convenience, the conventional distilled liquid mainly used for flavoring is described as smoke liquid, and the smoke component of the present invention is The dissolved solution is used as a liquid smoke).
[0007]
  However, as a general evaluation, the smoke treatment has a higher evaluation than the liquid smoke treatment and is preferred as a product. This is due to the difference in the components of soot and liquid. From the viewpoint of manufacturing, the reason why a lot of liquid processing is introduced industrially is that it is easy to handle and suitable for mass production.
[0008]
  As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-294357 by the applicant, various effects can be expected as the smoke effect, whereas the smoke effect is mainly a fragrance effect. The cause of this is that the smoke component includes solids, liquids, gases, etc., but most of the smoke liquid (sometimes distilled smoke liquid) is a liquid component, especially most of the smoke smoke gas component. It comes from not having.
[0009]
  In the case where storability, which is originally the purpose of smoking, is exhibited, it is brought about by this smoke treatment, and the main purpose of use of the liquid smoke is flavoring, which is not very effective for storability.
[0010]
  In other words, the smoke-treated product is superior to the smoke-treated product in terms of storage stability and commercial value, but the smoke-treated product is superior in storage, uniformity, workability, and convenience in use. This is the current situation.
[0011]
  Therefore, if the smoke component (gas, liquid) can be made into a liquid state as it is, it becomes possible to produce a product that is close to the smoke treatment with the liquid (soot liquid), for example, only by a simple soaking operation without performing difficult smoke treatment. A product close to smoke treatment will be produced.
[0012]
  The present invention, for example, removes soot and tar components unnecessary for the manufacture of soot products from a soot generated by a soot generator developed by the applicant (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-298925) using a washing cylinder, etc. Dissolve the smoke component in an aqueous solution in which necessary additives such as antioxidants, pH adjusters, seasonings, etc. are dissolved or in an aqueous solution that does not dissolve in a pressurized state with a mixer or contact cylinder. After soaking the fish meat or removing the solid matter through a filter, the smoke component or food additive is diffused into the meat by, for example, using it as a perfusate according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-294357 by the applicant. It provides fish processing methods for producing salmon products.
[0013]
  With this technology, it is possible to perform soaking only by soaking work or at the same time as perfusion processing of the conventional applicant. As a result, tuna remains round or only the edible portion is kept below minus 60 ° C. At least minus 18 degrees Celsius can be transported from all over the world to Japan by refrigerated transport at minus 18 degrees Celsius. With such processing, the energy required for freezing and storage can be reduced to approximately 1/80. Extreme energy savings can be expected.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0015]
  Smoke generated from a smoke generator with a structure that does not allow air to flow in from the charging unit 2 and the smoke discharge passage 7 in a state where the air is cut off or air does not flow in. Unnecessary substances are removed, and the smoke component is brought into contact with water or an aqueous solution or an aqueous solution in which necessary additives such as antioxidants, pH adjusters, seasonings, etc. are dissolved by contact under normal pressure or pressure or by stirring with a mixer. Dissolve to make a sap, and apply this sap to fish to produce a sardine product.The present invention relates to a fish processing method using a smoke solution in which a smoke component is dissolved.
[0016]
  Further, the present invention relates to the fish processing method using the smoked liquid in which the smoke component is dissolved, wherein a skinless fillet is dipped in the liquid smoke to give the liquid smoke.
[0017]
  The fish processing using the phlegm solution in which the smoke component is dissolved according to claim 1, wherein the phlegm solution is used as a perfusate and diffused into the meat through blood vessels to give the phlegm solution. It concerns the method.
[0018]
  4. The method according to claim 3, wherein after the fine liquid is removed by passing the liquid smoke through a filter, the liquid is used as a perfusate and diffused into the meat through blood vessels to give the liquid smoke. This relates to a fish processing method using a smoke solution in which the smoke component is dissolved.
[0019]
  5. The smoked product is produced by diffusing smoke components in large round fish such as tuna and marlin using the smoked liquid as a perfusate. The fish processing method using the smoke liquid which melted the smoke component described in 1.
[0020]
  In addition, after injecting a first perfusate for flowing out blood containing a component that does not coagulate blood through the blood vessels of fish, the blood is discharged, and then the sputum is injected through the blood vessels as a perfusate to be injected thereafter 3. A smoked product is produced by diffusing in meat and adding a smoke component to the meat.5The fish processing method using the smoke liquid which melt | dissolved the smoke component of any one of these.
[0021]
  In addition, after the first perfusate for injecting blood containing components that do not coagulate blood through the blood vessels of fish is injected and the blood is outflowed, the second perfusate is used for purposes such as preventing oxidation and improving taste A smoked product is produced by diffusing the smoked liquid containing components according to the condition into the meat through blood vessels to impart a smoke component to the meat.6The present invention relates to a fish processing method using a smoke solution in which the smoke component described above is dissolved.
[0022]
  Moreover, the smoked product which provided the said liquid smoke is frozen.7The fish processing method using the smoke liquid which melt | dissolved the smoke component of any one of these.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  An embodiment of the present invention (how to carry out the invention) considered to be suitable will be briefly described with reference to the drawings, showing its effects.
[0024]
  The present inventionAir does not flow in from the charging section 2 and the smoke discharge path 7Smoke generated by the smoke generator is in a state where the air is cut off or air does not flow in. Removes unnecessary substances such as soot and tar components, water or aqueous solution or antioxidant, pH adjuster, seasoning, etc. The soot component is dissolved by contact with an aqueous solution in which the necessary additives are dissolved at normal pressure or under pressure or by stirring with a mixer to prepare a smoke liquid, and a skinless fillet fillet is immersed in the liquid smoke. A liquid product is produced by applying a liquid or by applying the liquid as a perfusate and diffusing it into the meat through the blood vessels.
[0025]
  In other words, by liquefying soot (smoke component), this liquid (smoke liquid) can be used to manufacture products that are close to soot treatment, without the conventional difficult soot treatment by contact with gas. For example, it is possible to produce a product that is close to smoke processing by a simple dipping operation. In addition to flavoring, this smoke liquid contains liquid and gas smoke components, so the same effects as smoke treatment, such as shelf life, can be achieved, making it difficult to handle and mass production. The difficult smoke treatment can be carried out with a soot that is easy to handle and excellent in mass productivity. That is, as described above, the smoke component is given to the soot product by the soot solution, so that it can be simply dipped in the soot solution. Can be easily diffused into the meat.
[0026]
  For example, after the first perfusate for injecting blood containing components that do not coagulate blood through the blood vessels of fish is injected and the blood is outflowed, the second perfusate is used as the sputum or antioxidant or taste It is also possible to produce smoked products by diffusing the smoked liquid containing ingredients according to the purpose of improvement, etc., into the meat through the blood vessels and adding smoke components to the meat. Objects can be diffused easily and efficiently in the meat sufficiently and uniformly, and the perfusion treatment and the smoke treatment can be performed at the same time.
[0027]
  These processes can be performed in a round state or a fillet state.
[0028]
  In addition, if it is frozen after these processings, the effect of the soot treatment prevents the formation of meth- ods even if it is not super-refrigerated at minus 60 ° C, and the transportation cost can be drastically reduced. Since transportation is not compulsory, transportation costs are further reduced and energy savings are also excellent.
[0029]
【Example】
  Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0030]
  In this embodiment, soot and tar which are not necessary for the manufacture of soot products by a washing cylinder or the like in a state where the air is out of air or air is not mixed in the soot generated by the soot generator (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-298925) After removing the components, the soot component is dissolved in a solution that dissolves or does not dissolve the necessary additives such as antioxidants, pH adjusters, seasonings, etc. with a mixer or normal pressure or under pressure in a contact cylinder. Is generated. In this first embodiment, after this fine liquid is passed through a filter to remove fine solids, it is used as a perfusate according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-294357, so that smoke components and food additives are diffused into the meat. Large-scale tuna (black tuna, southern Indian tuna, yellow skin tuna, tuna tuna), marlin, etc. In the round state of fish, smoke components and food additives are diffused into the meat to produce smoked products.
[0031]
  Further, in the second embodiment, each of the embodiments in which the skinless fillet fillet is dipped in the smoked liquid to produce the smoked product will be described in detail below.
[0032]
  1. Perfusion device (first embodiment)
    (1) Overall configuration (Figure 1)
        Connect the water outlet of the tank in which water-soluble antioxidant and pH adjuster are dissolved in clean water and the water inlet of the high-pressure pump through a check valve, and connect the high-pressure pump outlet to the top of the contact cylinder. The pump is configured so that the water pipe liquid in the tank is injected from the upper part of the contact cylinder.
[0033]
        In the contact cylinder, a contact material is sealed inside, and the aqueous solution injected by the pump travels along the contact material and collects at the bottom of the contact cylinder.
[0034]
        On the other hand, the smoke generated by the smoke generator is passed through a simple filter to remove soot and tar, and then pressed into the bottom of the contact cylinder by a compressor.
[0035]
        In this contact cylinder, a liquid level adjustment pressure valve is attached to adjust the water level so that the lower water level does not fluctuate. In addition, a pressure valve for discharging the injected smoke is attached to the upper part of the contact cylinder, so that the smoke is always injected and discharged during operation, and the smoke composition concentration in the smoke contact cylinder becomes constant. It is like that.
[0036]
        The pressure in the contact cylinder can arbitrarily adjust the balance between the water pressure and the atmospheric pressure.
[0037]
        From the contact tube, a pressure adjusting valve is attached to adjust the pressure in the contact tube, and the aqueous solution is guided from the contact tube to the filter housing and passed through a filter with a pore size of 0.3 μm to cause the infarction of capillary blood vessels. And prevent microbial contamination.
[0038]
        The aqueous solution (salted liquid) that has passed through the above is guided to an infusion catheter, inserted into an arterial sphere of live fish, and subjected to perfusion treatment.
[0039]
    (2) Usage example
        Open the live fish in the asphyxia state, expose the heart, insert a catheter with a slight perfusion solution into the arterial bulb from the ventricle, fix the position with clips and forceps, open the venous sinus, and adapt to the fish weight The amount of liquid obtained is adjusted by valve adjustment and completed in a predetermined time.
[0040]
        An apparatus having the same structure can also be used by being incorporated in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-179016 (perfusion device).
[0041]
        In addition, after the first perfusate for causing blood containing components that do not coagulate blood to flow out through the blood vessels of fish is injected and the blood is flowed out, the liquid is then passed through the blood vessels as perfusate to be injected thereafter. It may be diffused in the meat.
[0042]
        In this case, necessary additives such as antioxidants, pH adjusters, seasonings and the like may be dissolved in the liquid as described above, and the blood does not coagulate through the blood vessels of fish. The first perfusate for causing blood containing blood to flow out is injected into the blood and then the blood flows out, and then the second perfusate containing the sputum containing ingredients according to the purpose such as oxidation prevention and taste improvement is applied to the blood vessel. It may be diffused through the meat.
[0043]
  2. Device for pickling (second embodiment)
    (1) Overall configuration (Figure 2)
        After removing coarse dust from the discharge port of the immersion tank in which water-soluble antioxidants and pH adjusters are dissolved in clean water with a coarse filter (pore size: about 200 μm), a fine filtration filter (pore size: about 0.3 μm) is used. After removing the microorganisms through the passage, it is connected to the suction port of the high-pressure pump via a check valve, and the discharge port is connected to the upper part of the contact cylinder. To be injected from.
[0044]
        The contact cylinder is filled with a contact material, and the aqueous solution injected by the pump collects at the bottom of the contact cylinder through this contact material.
[0045]
        On the other hand, the smoke generated by the smoke generator is passed through a simple filter to remove soot and tar, and then pressed into the bottom of the contact cylinder by a compressor.
[0046]
        In this contact cylinder, a liquid level adjustment pressure valve is attached to adjust the water level so that the lower water level does not fluctuate. In addition, a pressure valve for discharging the injected smoke is attached to the upper part of the contact cylinder, so that the smoke is always injected and discharged during operation, and the smoke composition concentration in the smoke contact cylinder becomes constant. It is like that.
[0047]
        The pressure in the contact cylinder can arbitrarily adjust the balance between the water pressure and the atmospheric pressure.
[0048]
        From the contact cylinder, a pressure adjusting valve is attached to adjust the pressure in the contact cylinder, and then the aqueous solution returns to the immersion tank.
[0049]
    (2) Usage example
        Filled into a soaking tank that circulates soot solution (salt) with a pumpfish      KindThe soot treatment is completed in a predetermined time of soaking.
[0050]
  3. Product effect
      The treatment method according to the present invention can be applied regardless of the type, such as peeled fish meat that has been further filleted to large fish such as tuna and the like, as well as the buri and kanpachi of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-179016. The effects were as follows.
[0051]
    (1) ExamAFirst time
        Sensory test between test group (smoke dissolution perfusion treatment) and control group (no treatment)
        Storage test results in the refrigerator
          Progress
            Day 0
                As for the meat quality of the dismantled loin after the treatment, the red color of the test area is lighter than that of the control area.
            After 1 day
                The control zone begins to fade in less than a day and feels a soft taste (best taste limit).
                There is no change in the color of the test area, and it feels a little soft.
                There is no taste or odor in both wards.
            After 2 days
                The control zone is completely browned on the second day of the day and has a strong fruity odor, and when eaten, a soft taste and unique stickiness remain in the mouth (unrecognizable).
                In the test area, the color tone and taste are normal, but the texture (hardness) decreases (can be tasted).
            After 3 days
                The appearance of the control group is the same as the previous day, but the fruit odor is stronger.
                In the test area, the color tone and taste decreased compared to the previous day, and the softness increased further, but there was no odor (best taste limit).
[0052]
          result
            In the test area, changes in color, hardness, and taste are delayed compared to the control area, and it can be extended as a sashimi product for one day at the limit of the expiration date. After that, although the value of the product declines, mainly the change in color caused by the accelerated surface drying, and the control plot promotes met- mentation in one day, whereas the test plot shows no met- ation even on the third day. Absent. The appearance of a peculiar taste and smell of yellowtail was greatly delayed, confirming a series of processing effects.
          .
[0053]
    (2) ExamBFirst
        The control zone on the 0th day is quick-frozen and compared with the conventional product (according to JP-A-10-179016)
[0054]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003650085
[0055]
          result
            The best period was 1 day after thawing in both the test group and the control group. However, the change is mild and the shelf life is expected to extend for approximately 3 days.
            The color tone of the conventional smoke treatment method is different from the color tone of the test section, but the cause is unknown.
[0056]
    (3) ExamAAnd testingBResult
        The color change is best in the fresh fish test zone, followed by the frozen test zone and the control zone. Frozen products may have a difference in water release due to freezing damage compared to fresh fish.
[0057]
        However, the difference in the coloration rate is obvious: all the salmon products are around 20% on the 3rd day, whereas the fresh fish control zone is over 80%, and the methotization (brown change) has progressed. The effect of is remarkable.
[0058]
        The taste is fresh and the main ingredient is inosinic acid. In the frozen product, the taste has deteriorated after one and a half days after thawing. This change seems to have no direct relationship between the production and decomposition of inosinic acid and the smoke processing, that is, it does not participate in the decomposition of ATP. However, although the test area is excellent as a texture, the cause is unknown.
[0059]
        In the odor of fresh fish, the control zone is early, and fruit odor is generated on the second day. In the case of yellowtail, it is mainly caused by blood clots, so it seems that it is caused by enzymatic decomposition rather than odor caused by microorganisms, but a series of treatments are highly effective in preventing the generation of these odors. .
[0060]
        It should be noted that the freshness coefficient K value (%) in each test group and control group during the test period was about 25% on the last day, and the freshness was good.
[0061]
    Changes in refrigerated and frozen tuna smoke perfusion processed products
      A  Smoked perfusion treatment was tried on live fish, and the storage in the refrigerator (air contact state and block piece vacuum pack) was tested in the form of a loin block.
[0062]
      B  Further, the tuna was frozen as a loin block piece at minus 18 ° C., thawed 30 days later, and then examined for changes. However, there is no control zone.
[0063]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003650085
[0064]
    Evaluation 1
      Conventionally, farmed tuna and farmed tuna have a much higher lipid ratio than natural ones, so oil burn (oxidation odor) has been a problem, and an oxidization odor can be felt from the third day after dismantling.
[0065]
      According to the results of this test, it was transported over 2 days in the round after the perfusion treatment, and no acid rancidity occurred at all for 8 days after dismantling and starting air contact. During the same period, no fruity odor or rot odor was felt. In addition, when the block piece air contact was cut off, no progress of metation occurred during the test period.
[0066]
      Coloring due to air contact reached full coloration almost one day after dismantling, but in conventional tuna blocks, methanolysis occurred from the center of the meat and from the skin. From the inside, it was an interesting result with no mettolation.
[0067]
    Evaluation 2
      Although it is slow freezing, fading continues even after 30 days, but it maintains a bright red color. Although the color of tuna is more stable than that of yellowtails, it can be transformed into a very short time due to normal tuna freezing and storage temperature. In Test 2, the taste of the tuna is rich on the 0th and 1st day of taste, and the phenomenon of subsequent loss of taste corresponds to the 5th day of the refrigeration test. In the freezing test, fading did not progress visibly in the chalet for 3 days after thawing. Odor is felt from the 3rd day, but since it changed to a rotten odor on the 4th day, it is presumed that the initial number of bacteria in Test 2 is large.
[0068]
      It has been confirmed that the frozen product after perfusion treatment can be stored frozen at minus 18 ° C and used as a sashimi material after 30 days, and the storage process can be further improved by improving the manufacturing process.
[0069]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003650085
[0070]
    result
      The test area seems to maintain the product value sufficiently if it is in a storage case that maintains humidity even after the third day. If only the color tone is used as a standard, the test plot maintains the commercial value for 3 days or more in the air contact state, while the control plot has already been commercialized in the frozen state, and the commercial value is lost before thawing. . Also, regarding the generation of odor, the test group does not feel odor for more than 3 days after thawing, while the control group feels odor after the second day after thawing. As a result of the above, the soaking effect is effective not only in the color tone but also in the extension of the taste and texture.
[0071]
    Summary of test results
      From the above results, it was found that each fish processed with smoke smoked liquid can be expected to have excellent preservation in terms of color and taste. Furthermore, these series of effects are also exhibited during frozen storage. It was also confirmed that the preservation effect of the color surface during freezing is equivalent to that of the conventional product.
[0072]
      Therefore, as an effect of soot treatment (effect of giving smoke)
        a  Addition of unique aroma and flavor
        b  Meat coloration and meat color stabilization
        c  Antioxidant action of fat
        d  Preventing the increase of microorganisms in meat
        e  Promotion of meat self-digestion
        f  Drying effect (decreasing water activity)
        g  Penetration adsorption of antibacterial substances from smoke components
        h  Heat sterilization effect (when rising above 40 ° C)
    However, the same effect is exhibited by the processing using the liquid smoke of this embodiment.
[0073]
      A soot generator (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-298925) used in this example will be described with reference to FIG.
[0074]
      A transfer pipe 3 that can transfer the dredged material sent from the charging unit 2 is connected to the charging unit 2 for charging the wooden material such as wood chips, and the charging unit 2 is connected to the transfer pipe 3 from the charging unit 2. An external air inflow suppression mechanism 4 such as an infeed screw 4A or a rotor that makes it difficult for external air to flow in is provided, and an infeed screw 5A that transfers the stirring material fed from the input portion 2 into the transfer pipe 3 while stirring. A stirring transfer mechanism 5 is provided, a heating unit 6 is provided for controlling the temperature of the smoked material being stirred and transferred to the transfer pipe 3 and heated, a smoke discharge path 7 is connected to the end of the transfer pipe 3, and An accommodating portion 8 for accommodating a solid or liquid component falling from the end of the transfer pipe 3 is provided, and soot is extracted from the soot discharge path 7 and generated.
[0075]
      In addition, a discharge path cleaning mechanism 9 for injecting a jet stream such as a water stream or water vapor injected toward the housing portion 8 is provided in the soot discharge path 7, and soot is derived from the soot discharge path 7. It is configured to make it.
[0076]
      This soot generator is provided with a charging section 2 provided with a hopper 2B in the upper part of a drooping conduit 2A, and a feed screw 4A that is rotated by a motor 4B as an outside air inflow suppression mechanism 4 is provided in the dripping conduit 2A. A transfer pipe 3 is installed in a continuous state in the lower part of 2A.
[0077]
      Accordingly, the dredged material put into the hopper 2B is fed into the transfer pipe 3 by the feed screw 4A, but is not simply dropped and thrown through the drooping conduit 2A, and is transported to be fed by the feed screw 4A. The structure is such that outside air does not easily flow into the pipe 3.
[0078]
      A feed screw 5A that is rotated by a motor 5B is provided as a stirring transfer mechanism 5 in the transfer pipe 3, and the straw material fed from the charging unit 2 is transferred to the side end side while being stirred by the feed screw 5A. It is configured to be.
[0079]
      In this embodiment, a band heater is provided as the heating unit 6 in the middle of the transfer pipe 3 so that the temperature of the heater is suppressed.
[0080]
      Therefore, the dry distillation system has a sealed structure in which air does not enter from the charging section 2, and the fed straw material is heated by a plurality of band heaters that are temperature-controlled in several stages in an appropriate temperature range, and oxidized without burning. There are few high-quality smoke smoked.
[0081]
      Moreover, since the dredging material that is transported to the bottom of the transfer pipe 3 is heated while being stirred by the feed screw 5A, the dredging material is uniformly suitable without having a heat source due to combustion. When it is heated to a temperature, it decomposes thermally and a large amount of high-quality smoke is continuously generated.
[0082]
      At the end of the transfer line 3, the smoke discharge path 7 is almost sealed so that the outside air does not flow into the heating unit 6. The bottom of the transfer line 3 falls from the end of the transfer line 3. An accommodating portion 8 is provided for accommodating the liquid component (tar component) and the solid component (charcoal). In the present embodiment, a water tank is provided as the container 8 and waste liquid overflowing from the water tank is transmitted to the separation strainer plate 10 (punching metal plate), and the powder waste material 14 (mainly carbon) is stored in the drain tank 11, and moisture is contained. Is stored in the reservoir 12.
[0083]
      Further, an exhaust guide 7A is provided at the upper part of the soot discharge path 7, and an exhaust guide 7B branched from the exhaust guide 7A and led to the lower storage tank 13 is provided in the transfer pipe 3. The smoke is discharged to the outside through the exhaust guide 7A and the exhaust guide 7B of the soot discharge path 7.
[0084]
      In the present embodiment, an exhaust passage cleaning mechanism 9 for injecting cleaning water toward the storage portion 8 and the storage tank 13 is provided in the exhaust guide portion 7A and the exhaust guide portion 7B of the soot discharge passage 7, respectively. 7A and exhaust guide 7B are configured so that tar content or charcoal does not adhere and clog so that good quality smoke is discharged.
[0085]
【The invention's effect】
  Since the present invention is configured as described above, so to speak, the soot (smoke component) is liquefied, and this soy liquid is applied to fish, so that this liquid (smoke liquid) can be used to produce a product close to soot processing. Therefore, it is possible to produce a product that is close to soot treatment, for example, by simply immersing it without carrying out difficult soot treatment. In addition to flavoring, this soot contains liquid and gaseous soot components. Therefore, the same effects as smoke treatment, such as storage, are exhibited, and the smoke treatment, which has been difficult to handle in the past and difficult to mass-produce, is performed with a smoke solution that is easy to handle and excellent in mass productivity. As a result, for example, it is possible to transport tuna as it is in a round, or transport it to Japan from all over the world by refrigerated transportation at minus 18 ° C without having to reduce the edible portion to minus 60 ° C or less, If such processing is applied, the frozen, Energy consumption required to exist is the liquid smoke fish processing method using an extremely large energy savings is dissolved breakthrough smoke components which can be expected, such as making it possible to reduce to about 1/80.
[0086]
  Further, in the invention according to claim 2, it is possible to manufacture the soot product more easily, and in the invention according to claim 3, for example, it is possible to simultaneously perform the soot processing simultaneously with the perfusion processing of the conventional applicant. It becomes a fish processing method using a smoke solution in which smoke components are further improved.
[0087]
  Claims 6, 7,8In the invention described above, the fish processing method using the smoked liquid in which the smoke component is dissolved is described as having an extremely simple structure and reliably exhibiting the functions and effects of the present invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a schematic configuration of a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a schematic configuration of a second embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a schematic configuration of a soot generation device according to the present embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
  2  Input section
  7  Smoke discharge passage

Claims (8)

燻材を投入する投入部と燻煙排出路とから空気が流入しない構造の燻煙発生装置より発生させた燻煙を、空気を絶ったあるいは空気が流入しない状態ですすやタール成分などの不要物を除去し、水又は水溶液若しくは酸化防止剤,pH調整剤,調味料などの必要添加物を溶解した水溶液と常圧若しくは加圧状態により接触又はミキサーにより攪拌接触させて燻煙成分を溶解させて燻液を作成し、この燻液を魚類に付与して燻製品を製造することを特徴とする燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法。 Smoke generated from a smoke generator with a structure that does not allow air to flow in from the charging section and the smoke discharge path is not necessary for soot and tar components when the air is turned off or air does not flow The product is removed, and the smoke component is dissolved by contact with water or an aqueous solution or an aqueous solution in which necessary additives such as antioxidants, pH adjusters, seasonings, etc. are dissolved, at normal pressure or under pressure, or by stirring with a mixer. A method for processing fish using a liquid smoke dissolved in a smoke component, characterized in that the liquid smoke is prepared, and the liquid smoke is applied to fish to produce a fish product . 前記燻液にスキンレス切身フィレーを浸して、燻液を付与したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法。  The fish processing method using the smoked liquid in which the smoke component is dissolved according to claim 1, wherein a skinless fillet fillet is dipped in the liquid smoke to give the liquid smoke. 前記燻液を、灌流液として用い血管を介して肉中に拡散させて、燻液を付与したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法。  2. The fish processing method using the smoked liquid in which the smoke component is dissolved according to claim 1, wherein the smoked liquid is used as a perfusate and diffused in meat through blood vessels to give the liquid smoke. 前記燻液をフィルターに通して微細固形物を除去した後、これを灌流液として用い、血管を介して肉中に拡散させて、燻液を付与したことを特徴とする請求項3記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法。  4. The sputum according to claim 3, wherein the sputum is passed through a filter to remove fine solids, which is then used as a perfusate and diffused into the meat via blood vessels to give the sputum. Fish processing method using smoked liquid with smoke components dissolved. 前記燻液を灌流液として用いて、マグロ,カジキなどのラウンド状態の大型魚肉中に燻煙成分を拡散させ燻製品を製造することを特徴とする請求項3,4のいずれか1項に記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法。  5. The smoked product is produced by diffusing smoke components in large round fish such as tuna and marlin using the smoked liquid as a perfusate. Fish processing method using smoked liquid in which the smoke component of potato is dissolved. 魚類の血管を介して血液を凝固させない成分を含む血液を流出させるための第一灌流液を圧入して血液を流出させた後、その後注入する灌流液として前記燻液を血管を介して肉中に拡散させて、燻煙成分を肉中に付与して燻製品を製造することを特徴とする請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法。  After injecting the first perfusate for draining blood containing components that do not coagulate blood through the blood vessels of fish, the blood is drained and then the sputum is injected into the meat via the blood vessels as perfusate to be injected thereafter The fish using the smoked liquid in which the smoke component is dissolved according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the smoke product is produced by spreading the smoke component in the meat. Processing method. 魚類の血管を介して血液を凝固させない成分を含む血液を流出させるための第一灌流液を圧入して血液を流出させた後、第二灌流液として、酸化防止や味覚改善などの目的に応じた成分を含めた前記燻液を血管を介して肉中に拡散させて燻煙成分を肉中に付与し燻製品を製造することを特徴とする請求項6記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法。  After injecting the first perfusate for draining blood containing components that do not coagulate blood through the blood vessels of fish, the blood is drained and then used as the second perfusate for purposes such as preventing oxidation and improving taste The smoked soot component-dissolved soot according to claim 6, wherein the smoked liquid containing said component is diffused into the meat through blood vessels to give the smoked component to the meat to produce a smoked product. Fish processing method using liquid. 前記燻液を付与した燻製品を凍結させることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の燻煙成分を溶解した燻液を用いた魚類加工方法。  The fish processing method using the smoked liquid in which the smoke component is dissolved according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the smoked product to which the liquid smoke is applied is frozen.
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JP2013081443A (en) * 2011-10-11 2013-05-09 Hisamitsu Yoshioka Device for attaching smoking aroma to food
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