JP3639952B2 - Eyesight test tool - Google Patents

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JP3639952B2
JP3639952B2 JP2001235211A JP2001235211A JP3639952B2 JP 3639952 B2 JP3639952 B2 JP 3639952B2 JP 2001235211 A JP2001235211 A JP 2001235211A JP 2001235211 A JP2001235211 A JP 2001235211A JP 3639952 B2 JP3639952 B2 JP 3639952B2
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JP2003038440A (en
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義彦 宮川
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NIHON TENGANYAKU KENKYUSYO CO., LTD
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NIHON TENGANYAKU KENKYUSYO CO., LTD
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、プリファレンシャル・ルッキング法(preferential looking法、以下PL法と省略する。)により乳幼児、発達遅延児等の視力を検査する縞視力カード式の視力検査具に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
略三歳児以上の幼児の場合、ランドルト氏環視標による視力検査が可能であるが、三歳児未満の乳幼児等は自覚的検査が不可能なため、ランドルト氏環視標による視力検査は行えない。
【0003】
そこで、従来では、乳幼児や発達遅延児に対してPL法による視力検査が試みられている。このPL法による視力検査は、乳幼児に白色無地と白黒縞模様の2つの円板を同時に見せると、乳幼児はその縦縞模様を認知した時、直ちにその縞模様を見るという心理学的効果に基づいて考えられた方法である。
【0004】
この視力検査法は、スクリーン上に2つの視標(縦縞模様視標と無地の白色視標)を同時に選択的に投影し、この時、被検者の目の動きを観察しながら、被検者が縞視標を見かたか否かを判定し、次第に縞模様の幅を狭くしていき、判定不能になるまで検査を行う。しかし、この視力検査装置は、2つの視標を投影するためのスクリーンやプロジェクタ及びプロジェクタのコントローラを有し、このために、装置が大がかりとなり、検査を行うために、専用の場所と人員を必要とし、眼科医院などの日常の外来において、簡単に検査が行えない問題があった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本出願人は、実公平3−35282号公報などにおいて、簡単な器具を用いて一人の検査人で乳幼児の視力検査を容易に実施することができる視力検査具を提案した。この視力検査具は、無地視標を表面に付した一枚の無地視標板と、無地視標板とほぼ同じ平均輝度の縦縞視標を表面に付した複数の縦縞視標板とからなり、検査人が無地視標板と縦縞視標板を無地の方を上に重ねて被検者に見せ、次に、無地視標板と縦縞視標板を左右に開くように動かして、被検者の目の動きを見るようにして、検査を行う。
【0006】
しかし、この従来の無地視標板と縦縞視標板は、検査人が片手で持つことが可能な大きさの円板状に形成されているだけであるため、被検者に対し、無地視標板と縦縞視標板を重ね合わせて示し、その後、無地視標板と縦縞視標板を開くように提示する際、持ちにくく操作しにくいという問題があった。
【0007】
すなわち、円板形の無地視標板と縦縞視標板は、検査人の手や指によって隠れた部分がないように、被検者に見せる必要があるため、検査人はその円板形の無地視標板と縦縞視標板の縁を平面方向に指で押えて把持し、動かすことになる。このため、重ね合わせた状態の無地視標板と縦縞視標板を離して開くように操作することが難しく、操作し易い視力検査具が要望されていた。
【0008】
本発明は、上記の点に鑑みてなされたもので、検査人が無地視標板と縦縞視標板を手の指で容易に持って検査することができる視力検査具を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の視力検査具は、無地視標を表面に付着した一枚の無地視標板と、該無地視標板とほぼ同じ平均輝度の縦縞視標を表面に付した複数の縦縞視標板とからなるプリファレンシャル・ルッキング法を用いた縞視力カード式の視力検査具であって、
該無地視標板と該縦縞視標板は同一形状に形成され、複数の縦縞視標板には縞幅が視力に応じて異なる縦縞視標がそれぞれ付けられ、該無地視標板と該縦縞視標板の縁部に、該視標板を検査人が把持するための把持部が設けられ、該把持部は、検査人が指で挟んで把持可能な突出部として、前記無地視標板と縦縞視標板の相反する一側部に形成され、該無地視標板と該縦縞視標板を重ね合わせて配置した際、該無地視標板と該縦縞視標板を相互に保持させるためのホルダー部が該無地視標板または該縦縞視標板の縁部に設けられたことを特徴とする。
【0014】
また、このホルダー部は、無地視標板の上縁部と下縁部に、無地視標板の裏側に重ねられた縦縞視標板の縁部を挟持するように、L字型またはコ字型に形成することができる。
【0015】
また、無地視標板の把持部の元部には、無地視標板の裏側に重ねて差し入れられた縦縞視標板の縁部を、所定位置で当てて停止させるためにのストッパー部を設けると良い。
【0017】
更に、無地視標板と縦縞視標板の裏面には、被検者の興味を当該検査具に向けさせるためのキャラクター絵を付すことができる。
【0018】
更に、前記無地視標板または縦縞視標板の内部には、キャラクター絵に関連した音声を発生するスピーカ、音声信号を記憶し再生した音声信号をスピーカに出力する音声発生回路、及び音声発生回路の電源となる電池を内蔵することができる。
【0019】
【作用】
このような構成の縞視力カード式の視力検査具を用いて乳幼児等の視力検査を行う場合、まず、検査人は、無地視標板を前に縦縞視標板を後ろに重ね合わせて被検者の目の高さに提示し、次に、無地視標板と縦縞視標板を左右に同じ速度でスライドさせて開くように動かす。この時、検査人は、両視標板の把持部を持って両視標板を動かすことができ、視標板の前面を少しも隠さずに、被検者に提示し、動かすことができる。そして、検査人は、その際の被検者の目の動きを見て、或は被検者に縦縞視標板の方を指さすように言って、被検者が縦縞視標を見たか否かつまり縦縞を認知できたか否かを判定する。そして、それに応じて縦縞視標を取り替えて検査を進め視力値を決定する。
【0020】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。視力検査具は一枚の無地視標板1と複数の縦縞視標板(図4、図8、図9は代表的な3種類の縦縞視標板2〜4を示す)とから構成され、縦縞視標板2〜4には、図4、8等に示すような縞幅の異なる縦縞視標がそれぞれ設けられる。
【0021】
無地視標板1と複数の縦縞視標板2〜4は、例えば直径9cmの円板状に形成され、図3に示すように、円形のプラスチック板2cの上面に無地視標またはそれぞれの縦縞視標2dを付着して構成される。さらに、これらの無地視標板1と複数の縦縞視標板2〜4の縁部の一側部には、プラスッチック板2cを延設する形態で、把持部1a,2a,3a,4aが突設される。これらの把持部1a〜4aは、検査人が親指と人差し指で挟んで把持可能な円弧状突出部として、無地視標板1には向かってその右側の側部に把持部1aが真横に向けて突設され、縦縞視標板2〜4には向かって左側の側部に、各々把持部2a,3a,4aが真横に向けて設けられる。
【0022】
複数の縦縞視標板は、視力値に応じて例えば6種類の視標板として形成することができ、それらの縞幅は例えば16mm、8mm、4mm、2mm、1mm、0.5mmに設定され、検査距離50cmにおける各々の視力値は、縞幅16mmの場合、0.009、縞幅8mmの場合、0.018(図4)、縞幅4mmの場合、0.036(図8)、縞幅2mmの場合、0.072(図9)、縞幅1mmの場合、0.15、縞幅0.5mmの場合、0.29となる。
【0023】
このような縦縞視標は、例えばコンピュータグラフィックスを用いて作成することができ、ディスプレイに表示された円形の縦縞視標を正確な寸法(縞幅の寸法)に形成して、それを透明または白色フィルム上などに印刷し、所定の円板状に裁断したものを、同形のプラスチック板に接着して製作される。縦縞のコントラストは、自然視に近い視標とするために、あまり高くない方が好ましく、コントラスト比を例えば80%以下とする。また、縦縞の色は灰色等の無彩色が良い。
【0024】
一方、無地視標板1には縦縞の地色に近い無地視標が取着されるが、この無地視標と全ての縦縞視標の平均輝度は略同一となるように、例えば約150cd/m2 に設定される。各視標板の平均輝度を同じにすることにより、被検者が視標の輝度に左右されずに、PL法による視力検査が可能なようにしている。
【0025】
更に、無地視標板1の上縁部と下縁部には、無地視標板1と縦縞視標板2〜4を重ね合わせて配置した際、無地視標板1と縦縞視標板2〜4を相互に保持させるためのホルダー部1b,1cが設けられる。
【0026】
このホルダー部1b,1cは、プラスチックによりL字型またはコ字型に形成され、無地視標板1の上縁部と下縁部に内側つまり裏面側に向けて固定され、無地視標板1の裏側に重ねられた縦縞視標板2〜4の縁部を上下から挟持して保持するように作用する。また、ホルダー部1b,1cは小幅で無地視標板1の上縁部と下縁部に設けられるため、無地視標板1と縦縞視標板2〜4を左右に水平方向に動かした場合、容易に重ね合わせて保持させたり、左右に離すことができる。また、ホルダー部1b,1cは無地視標板1の縁部から縦縞視標板2〜4の裏面に当接して保持するようにしているから、縦縞視標板2〜4の表面を傷つけることはない。
【0027】
更に、無地視標板1の把持部1aは、図3に示すように、その表面部が前面側にその厚さ方向に突き出し、把持部1aの元部にストッパー部1dを形成している。このストッパー部1dは、無地視標板1の前面に縦縞視標板2〜4を差し込んだ際、縦縞視標板2〜4の縁部を当ててそれを定位置で停止させるためのストッパーとして機能する。
【0028】
図6、図7に示すように、無地視標板1と縦縞視標板2〜4の裏面には、被検者となる乳幼児等に対し、視標板に興味を持たせるために、つまり視標板の方に注意を向けさせるために、乳幼児等が興味を持ちそうなキャラクター絵が付されている。また、図6のように、縦縞視標板2〜4の裏面には、検査人のために、縦縞の方向を示す矢印、測定距離、及び視力値が記載されている。
【0029】
次に、上記視力検査具を使用して行うPL法による視力検査を説明する。まず、被検者となる乳幼児等を母親等の膝の上に座らせ、リラックスした状態にする。そして、検査人は、被検者の前方約50cmのところに座り、例えば0.018の視力値から検査を開始する場合、無地視標板1と縦縞視標板2を重ねて手に持つ。
【0030】
この時、図6、図7に示すような無地視標板1や縦縞視標板2の裏面に付されたキャラクター絵を乳幼児等の被検者に見せて、視標板に興味を持たせると良い。また、被検者が2歳位の幼児で、縦縞視標板2を指して言葉で表現できる場合には、検査に入る前に、幼児に縦縞視標板2を手に取って見させ、「これはしましま」などというように、縦縞視標板2に興味を持たせておくことにより、2歳以上の被検者には、縦縞視標が視認できた時、それを正確に表現させ、検査を行い易くすることができる。
【0031】
そして、検査人は、図10に示すように、例えば縦縞視標板3を使用する場合を例にとると、右手の人差し指と親指で無地視標板1の右側の把持部1aを挟むように持ち、左手の人差し指と親指で縦縞視標板3の左側の把持部3aを挟むように持ち、無地視標板1を前にして縦縞視標3を後ろに隠すように視標を被検者の目の高さに提示する。
【0032】
このとき、無地視標板1の上縁部と下縁部にホルダー部1b,1cが設けられ、無地視標板1と縦縞視標板3を重ね合わせた際、無地視標板1と縦縞視標板3が相互に保持されるため、検査人は片手で何れかの把持部1aまたは3aを持って容易に保持することができる。
【0033】
そして、検査人は、図10のごとく、両方の視標板を左右に同じ速度で開くようにつまり離すように動かし、両方の視標板を左右に提示する。そして、被検者が縦縞視標板3の方を見たかどうかを或はその縦縞視標を視認したかどうかを検査人は判定する。
【0034】
この時、例えば被検者が1歳6か月前後の幼児の場合、縦縞視標を認知できたとしても、それを指さしたり言葉で表現することができないため、検査人は被検者の眼球の動きを見ながら被検者が縦縞指標を見たか否かを判定する。
【0035】
上記視力検査は、まず両眼開放状態で行い、次に片眼づつアイパッチを貼り、片眼づつ検査を行う。また、この検査は同じ視力値の視標板を使用して例えば4回視標を提示し、被検者の正答率が75%以上の場合、もう一段上の視力値(例えば視力値0.018のときは視力値0.036のもの)に変えて検査を続け、正答率が75%未満になった場合、一段下の視力値を測定結果とする。
【0036】
このように、検査人は無地視標板1と縦縞視標板2〜4を手に持って動かすだけでPL法による視力検査を実施でき、眼科医院の外来などにおいて簡単に乳幼児の視力検査をすることができる。また、無地視標板1と縦縞視標板2〜4には、その縁部の相反する一側部に、円弧状突出部として把持部が突設されているから、検査人はその把持部を親指と人差し指で挟んで、視標の前面を隠さずに容易に把持することができ、簡単にかつ確実に視標板を把持し、重ね合わせたりそれを離すように開いたりの操作を、簡単に行うことができる。また、無地視標板1と縦縞視標板2〜4は、それを重ね合わせた際、ホルダー部1b,1cによって相互に保持されるから、無地視標板と縦縞視標板を片手で持って提示することもできる。
【0037】
なお、上記ホルダー部1b,1cは、無地視標板1の上縁部と下縁部に設けたが、無地視標板と縦縞視標板を相互に保持できればよいから、縦縞視標板2〜4に設けることもできる。
【0038】
図11は、他の実施形態の無地視標板10を示している。この無地視標板10には、上縁部のホルダー部10bと下縁部のホルダー部10cに加えて、その向かって左側に突設した把持部10aの元部に、第三のホルダー部10dが設けられる。このホルダー部10dは、上記実施例のストッパー部1dに変えて設けることができ、裏面に重ね合わせるように差し込まれた縦縞視標板を、定位置で停止させ、保持することができる。また、この把持部10aには、裏面に滑り止め層10eが付されている。この滑り止め層10eにより、把持部10aを指で把持した際、その滑りを防止することができる。
【0039】
図12は、更に別の実施形態の無地視標板11を示している。この無地視標板11の内部には、その表面に付されたキャラクター絵に関連した音声を発生するための電子音声発生装置15が内蔵される。この無地視標板11は表板と裏板の間に空間を持って形成し、この内部空間に電子音声発生装置15を配設する。この電子音声発生装置15は、音声を発生するスピーカ16、音声信号を記憶し再生した音声信号をスピーカ16に出力する音声発生回路13、スイッチ14、及び音声発生回路13の電源となる電池12から構成される。スイッチ14は把持部11a内に設けられる。把持部11aのスイッチ14をオンすると、音声発生回路13が動作し、キャラクター絵に関連した音声、例えば犬のキャラクター絵であれば犬の鳴き声等をスピーカ16から発生させる。
【0040】
このようなキャラクター絵に関連した音声を発生させることにより、検査を開始する際、被検者の幼児等が容易に視標板に興味を持つようにすることができる。なお、電子音声発生装置15は縦縞視標板に内蔵することもできる。
【0041】
また、上記実施形態では、無地視標板と縦縞視標板の把持部は、何れも、向かって左側或は右側の側部(9時位置または3時位置)に真横に向けて突設したが、斜め上方位置(略10時位置または略2時位置)に或は斜め下方位置(略8時位置または略4時位置)に設けることもでき、また、両側の側部(9時位置と3時位置)に或は両側の斜め上方位置(略10時位置と略2時位置)に或は斜め下方位置(略8時位置と略4時位置)に突設することもできる。
【0042】
特に、把持部を無地視標板と縦縞視標板の両側側部に或は両側斜め位置に突設した場合、重ね合わせた無地視標板と縦縞視標板を片手で容易に持つことができるため、無地視標板に設けたホルダー部を省略することができ、構造的に簡単化することができる。
【0043】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の視力検査具によれば、検査人が無地視標板と縦縞視標板を手に持ってPL法による視力検査を実施する際、その把持部を指などで挟んで、視標の前面を隠さずに容易に把持することができ、簡単にかつ確実に視標板を把持して、重ね合わせたりそれを離すように開いたりの操作を、簡単に行うことができる。また、無地視標板と縦縞視標板を重ね合わせて配置した際、無地視標板と縦縞視標板を相互に保持させるためのホルダー部を、無地視標板または縦縞視標板の縁部に設ける構造とすれば、片手で両視標板を重ね合わせて持つこともでき、容易にそれを離すように開くことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態を示す無地視標板1の正面図である。
【図2】無地視標板1のII-II 断面図である。
【図3】無地視標板1のIII-III 断面図である。
【図4】縦縞視標板2の正面図である。
【図5】縦縞視標板2のIII-III 断面図である。
【図6】縦縞視標板2の背面図である。
【図7】無地視標板1の背面図である。
【図8】縦縞視標板3の正面図である。
【図9】縦縞視標板4の正面図である。
【図10】検査時の無地視標板1と縦縞視標板3の動きを示す説明図である。
【図11】他の実施形態の無地視標板10の背面図である。
【図12】他の実施形態の無地視標板11の正面破断図である。
【符号の説明】
1−無地視標板
2、3、4−縦縞視標板
1a,2a,3a,4a−把持部
1b,1c−ホルダー部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a striped vision card type visual acuity test tool that examines visual acuity of infants, developmentally delayed children, and the like by a preferential looking method (hereinafter abbreviated as PL method).
[0002]
[Prior art]
Infants over the age of approximately 3 years old can be tested for visual acuity using the Landolt ring target, but infants under the age of 3 years cannot be subjectively tested, so the visual acuity test cannot be performed using the Landolt ring target.
[0003]
Therefore, conventionally, an eyesight test using the PL method has been attempted for infants and developmentally delayed children. This visual acuity test based on the PL method is based on the psychological effect that when an infant sees two plain white and black and white striped discs at the same time, the infant immediately sees the striped pattern when it recognizes the striped pattern. This is a conceivable method.
[0004]
This visual acuity test method selectively projects two visual targets (vertical stripe pattern visual target and plain white visual target) simultaneously on the screen. It is determined whether or not the person has seen the stripe target, and the width of the stripe pattern is gradually narrowed until the determination becomes impossible. However, this visual acuity inspection apparatus has a screen for projecting two targets, a projector, and a projector controller. For this reason, the apparatus becomes large and requires a dedicated place and personnel for inspection. However, there was a problem that it was not possible to easily perform inspections in daily outpatients such as ophthalmic clinics.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of this, the present applicant has proposed a visual acuity test tool that can easily carry out a visual inspection of an infant with a single examiner using a simple instrument in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-35282. This visual acuity tester consists of a single plain target plate with a plain target on the surface and a plurality of vertical strip target plates with vertical stripe targets with the same average brightness as the plain target plate. The inspector shows the subject with the plain strip and the vertical strip target plate superimposed on the plain side, and then moves the plain strip and vertical strip target plate to the left and right. The examination is performed as if the examiner's eyes are moving.
[0006]
However, since this conventional plain visual target plate and vertical stripe visual target plate are only formed in a disk shape of a size that can be held by an examiner with one hand, There is a problem in that it is difficult to hold and operate when presenting the standard plate and the vertical striped target plate in an open manner, after which the standard plate and the vertical striped target plate are shown to be opened.
[0007]
In other words, the disc-shaped plain visual target plate and the vertical striped visual target plate need to be shown to the subject so that there are no hidden parts by the examiner's hands and fingers. The edges of the plain visual target plate and the vertical stripe visual target plate are held and moved by pressing them with fingers in the plane direction. For this reason, it is difficult to operate to open the plain target plate and the vertical stripe target plate in a state of being overlapped, and an eyesight tester that is easy to operate has been desired.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a visual acuity inspection tool that allows an inspector to easily inspect a plain visual target plate and a vertical stripe visual target plate with his / her fingers. And
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the visual acuity test tool of the present invention comprises a single plain visual target plate with a plain visual target attached to the surface, and a vertical stripe target having substantially the same average luminance as the plain visual target plate on the surface. A striped visual acuity card-type visual acuity test tool using a preferential look method comprising a plurality of attached vertical striped target plates,
The plain visual target plate and the vertical stripe visual target plate are formed in the same shape, and a plurality of vertical stripe visual target plates are provided with vertical stripe visual targets having different stripe widths according to visual acuity, respectively. A grip part for an inspector to grip the optotype plate is provided at an edge of the optotype board, and the grip part serves as a protrusion that can be gripped by the inspector with a finger. Are formed on opposite sides of the vertical stripe target plate, and the plain target plate and the vertical stripe target plate are held together when the plain target plate and the vertical stripe target plate are arranged to overlap each other. A holder portion is provided on an edge portion of the plain visual target plate or the vertical stripe visual target plate .
[0014]
In addition, the holder portion is L-shaped or U-shaped so that the edge of the vertical stripe target plate superimposed on the back side of the plain target plate is sandwiched between the upper and lower edges of the plain target plate. Can be formed into a mold.
[0015]
In addition, a stopper portion is provided at the base portion of the gripping portion of the plain visual target plate so that the edge of the vertical stripe visual target plate overlapped and inserted on the back side of the plain visual target plate is stopped at a predetermined position. And good.
[0017]
Furthermore, a character picture for directing the subject's interest to the inspection tool can be attached to the back surfaces of the plain visual target plate and the vertical stripe visual target plate.
[0018]
Further, inside the plain visual target plate or the vertical stripe target plate, a speaker for generating sound related to the character picture, a sound generating circuit for storing and reproducing the sound signal stored and reproduced, and a sound generating circuit A battery can be built in as a power source.
[0019]
[Action]
When performing a visual acuity test for infants or the like using the striped vision card type visual acuity test tool having such a configuration, first, the inspector superimposes the vertical strip visual target plate on the back and the vertical strip visual target plate on the back. Next, the plain visual target plate and the vertical stripe visual target plate are slid left and right at the same speed and moved to open. At this time, the examiner can move both the target plates while holding the grip portions of both target plates, and can present and move the target plates without hiding the front of the target plate at all. . Then, the examiner sees the eye movement of the subject at that time, or tells the subject to point to the vertical stripe target plate, and whether or not the subject sees the vertical stripe target. That is, it is determined whether or not vertical stripes can be recognized. In accordance with this, the vertical stripe target is replaced and the examination proceeds to determine the visual acuity value.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The visual acuity test tool is composed of a single plain visual target plate 1 and a plurality of vertical striped visual target plates (FIGS. 4, 8, and 9 show representative three types of vertical striped visual target plates 2 to 4). The vertical stripe target plates 2 to 4 are provided with vertical stripe targets having different stripe widths as shown in FIGS.
[0021]
The plain visual target plate 1 and the plurality of vertical stripe visual target plates 2 to 4 are formed in a disk shape having a diameter of 9 cm, for example, and as shown in FIG. 3, the plain visual target or the respective vertical stripes are formed on the upper surface of the circular plastic plate 2c. The target 2d is attached and configured. Furthermore, the gripping portions 1a, 2a, 3a, 4a project in a form in which a plastic plate 2c is extended on one side of the edges of the plain visual target plate 1 and the plurality of vertical stripe visual target plates 2-4. Established. These gripping portions 1a to 4a are arcuate protruding portions that can be gripped by an inspector with a thumb and an index finger, and the gripping portion 1a faces right side toward the plain vision target plate 1 so that the gripping portion 1a faces straight. Gripping portions 2a, 3a, and 4a are provided on the left side of the vertical stripe visual target plates 2 to 4 so as to face the side.
[0022]
The plurality of vertical stripe target plates can be formed as, for example, six types of target plates according to the visual acuity value, and the stripe widths thereof are set to, for example, 16 mm, 8 mm, 4 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm, 0.5 mm, The visual acuity values at an inspection distance of 50 cm are 0.009 when the stripe width is 16 mm, 0.018 when the stripe width is 8 mm (FIG. 4), 0.036 when the stripe width is 4 mm, and FIG. In the case of 2 mm, 0.072 (FIG. 9), in the case of a stripe width of 1 mm, 0.15, and in the case of a stripe width of 0.5 mm, it is 0.29.
[0023]
Such a vertical stripe target can be created by using, for example, computer graphics, and a circular vertical stripe target displayed on the display is formed into an accurate dimension (a dimension of the stripe width), and is made transparent or It is manufactured by printing on a white film or the like and cutting it into a predetermined disk shape and bonding it to a plastic plate of the same shape. The contrast of the vertical stripes is preferably not so high that the target is close to natural vision, and the contrast ratio is, for example, 80% or less. The vertical stripes are preferably achromatic such as gray.
[0024]
On the other hand, a solid visual target that is close to the vertical stripe ground color is attached to the plain visual target plate 1. For example, the average luminance of the plain visual target and all the vertical striped visual targets is approximately 150 cd / Set to m 2 . By making the average luminance of each target plate the same, the subject can perform a visual acuity test by the PL method without being influenced by the luminance of the target.
[0025]
Further, when the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical stripe visual target plates 2 to 4 are arranged on the upper edge and the lower edge of the plain visual target plate 1 so as to overlap each other, the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical stripe visual target plate 2 are arranged. Holder portions 1b and 1c are provided to hold -4.
[0026]
The holder portions 1b and 1c are formed in an L shape or a U shape with plastic, and are fixed to the upper edge portion and the lower edge portion of the plain visual target plate 1 inward, that is, toward the back side. The edges of the vertical stripe target plates 2 to 4 overlapped on the back side of the plate are sandwiched and held from above and below. In addition, since the holder portions 1b and 1c are small and are provided at the upper and lower edge portions of the plain visual target plate 1, when the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical stripe visual target plates 2 to 4 are moved horizontally in the horizontal direction. , Can be easily superposed and held apart or left and right. Moreover, since the holder parts 1b and 1c are made to contact | abut and hold | maintain from the edge part of the plain-colored target board 1 to the back surface of the vertical-striped target boards 2-4, the surface of the vertical-striped target boards 2-4 is damaged. There is no.
[0027]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the grip portion 1a of the plain vision target plate 1 has a surface portion protruding in the thickness direction toward the front surface, and a stopper portion 1d is formed at the base of the grip portion 1a. This stopper part 1d is used as a stopper for stopping the edge of the vertical stripe visual target plates 2 to 4 at a fixed position when the vertical stripe visual target plates 2 to 4 are inserted into the front surface of the plain visual target plate 1 Function.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the back surfaces of the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical striped visual target plates 2 to 4 are used to give interest to the target plate for infants and the like who are subjects. To draw attention to the target board, a character picture that may be of interest to infants and the like is attached. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, on the back surfaces of the vertical stripe target plates 2 to 4, arrows indicating the direction of the vertical stripes, measurement distances, and visual acuity values are written for the examiner.
[0029]
Next, the visual acuity test by the PL method performed using the visual acuity test tool will be described. First, an infant or the like to be examined is placed on a mother's knee or the like to be in a relaxed state. Then, the examiner sits about 50 cm in front of the subject and, for example, when the examination is started from a visual acuity value of 0.018, the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical stripe visual target plate 2 are held in hand.
[0030]
At this time, the character picture attached to the back surface of the plain visual target plate 1 or the vertical striped visual target plate 2 as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. And good. In addition, if the subject is an infant of about 2 years old and can express the words by pointing to the vertical stripe target plate 2, before starting the examination, have the infant take the vertical stripe target plate 2 and see it, By giving interest to the vertical stripe target plate 2 such as “This is Shimashima”, when a subject who is 2 years of age or older can visually recognize the vertical stripe target, it is accurately expressed. The inspection can be facilitated.
[0031]
Then, as shown in FIG. 10, for example, when the inspector uses the vertical stripe target plate 3, the right index part 1 and the thumb hold the grip 1 a on the right side of the plain target plate 1. Holding the left hand with the index finger and thumb of the left hand so that the gripping part 3a on the left side of the vertical stripe target plate 3 is sandwiched, the subject is examined so that the vertical stripe target 3 is hidden behind the plain target plate 1 in front. Present at the eye level.
[0032]
At this time, holder portions 1b and 1c are provided on the upper and lower edges of the plain visual target plate 1, and when the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical stripe target plate 3 are overlapped, the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical stripes are overlapped. Since the optotype plates 3 are held together, the inspector can easily hold the grasping plate 1a or 3a with one hand.
[0033]
Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the examiner moves both target plates so that they are opened to the left and right at the same speed, that is, away from each other, and presents both target plates to the left and right. Then, the examiner determines whether or not the subject has seen the vertical stripe target plate 3 or whether or not the subject has visually recognized the vertical stripe target.
[0034]
At this time, for example, if the subject is an infant about 1 year and 6 months old, even if he can recognize the vertical stripe target, he cannot point it or express it in words. It is determined whether or not the subject has seen the vertical stripe index while watching the movement.
[0035]
The visual acuity test is first performed in a state where both eyes are open, and then an eye patch is applied for each eye, and the inspection is performed for each eye. In this test, a visual target with the same visual acuity value is used to present a visual target, for example, four times. In the case of 018, the visual acuity value is 0.036), and the examination is continued, and when the correct answer rate becomes less than 75%, the visual acuity value lower by one step is taken as the measurement result.
[0036]
In this way, the examiner can carry out the visual acuity test by the PL method by simply holding and moving the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical striped visual target plates 2 to 4 in his / her hand. can do. Moreover, since the grasping part protrudes as a circular-arc-shaped protrusion part in the opposite side part of the edge part in the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical stripe visual target plates 2-4, an inspector does the holding part. Can be easily grasped without hiding the front of the target by sandwiching it with the thumb and forefinger, and easily and securely grasping the target plate, overlapping and opening it to release it, It can be done easily. In addition, since the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical stripe visual target plates 2 to 4 are held by the holder portions 1b and 1c when they are overlapped, the plain visual target plate and the vertical stripe visual target plate are held with one hand. Can also be presented.
[0037]
In addition, although the said holder parts 1b and 1c were provided in the upper edge part and lower edge part of the plain-colored target board 1, since the plain-colored target board and the vertical-striped target board should just hold | maintain mutually, the vertical-striped target board 2 -4 can also be provided.
[0038]
FIG. 11 shows a plain visual target plate 10 of another embodiment. In addition to the holder portion 10b at the upper edge portion and the holder portion 10c at the lower edge portion, the plain vision target plate 10 has a third holder portion 10d at the base portion of the grip portion 10a projecting on the left side. Is provided. The holder portion 10d can be provided in place of the stopper portion 1d of the above embodiment, and the vertical stripe target plate inserted so as to be superimposed on the back surface can be stopped and held at a fixed position. Further, the gripping portion 10a is provided with a non-slip layer 10e on the back surface. This anti-slip layer 10e can prevent slipping when the grip portion 10a is gripped with a finger.
[0039]
FIG. 12 shows a plain visual target plate 11 of still another embodiment. An electronic sound generating device 15 for generating sound related to the character picture attached to the surface of the plain vision target plate 11 is incorporated. The plain visual target plate 11 is formed with a space between a front plate and a back plate, and an electronic sound generator 15 is disposed in the internal space. The electronic sound generation device 15 includes a speaker 16 that generates sound, a sound generation circuit 13 that stores and reproduces a sound signal, outputs the sound signal to the speaker 16, a switch 14, and a battery 12 that is a power source of the sound generation circuit 13. Composed. The switch 14 is provided in the grip portion 11a. When the switch 14 of the gripping part 11a is turned on, the sound generation circuit 13 operates to generate sound related to the character picture, for example, a dog's cry for the dog character picture from the speaker 16.
[0040]
By generating sound related to such a character picture, it is possible to easily make the infant of the examinee interested in the target plate when starting the examination. The electronic sound generator 15 can also be built in the vertical stripe target plate.
[0041]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, the holding | grip part of a plain vision target plate and a vertical stripe target plate each protruded directly on the left side or the right side part (9 o'clock position or 3 o'clock position) toward it. Can be provided at an obliquely upper position (approximately 10 o'clock position or approximately 2 o'clock position) or at an obliquely lower position (approximately 8 o'clock position or approximately 4 o'clock position). 3 o'clock position), diagonally upward positions (approximately 10 o'clock position and approximately 2 o'clock position) on both sides, or obliquely lower positions (approximately 8 o'clock position and approximately 4 o'clock position).
[0042]
In particular, when the gripping part protrudes on both sides of the plain visual target plate and the vertical stripe target plate or obliquely on both sides, the superimposed plain visual target plate and vertical stripe target plate can be easily held with one hand. Therefore, the holder provided on the plain visual target plate can be omitted, and the structure can be simplified.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the visual acuity test tool of the present invention, when the inspector carries out the visual acuity test by the PL method with the plain visual target plate and the vertical stripe target plate in his hand, the gripping portion is held with a finger or the like. Can be easily gripped without hiding the front of the target, and simply and securely gripping the target plate and performing operations such as overlapping and opening it apart Can do. In addition, when the plain visual target plate and the vertical striped visual target plate are arranged in an overlapping manner, the holder part for holding the plain visual target plate and the vertical striped visual target plate mutually is attached to the edge of the plain visual target plate or the vertical striped visual target plate. If it is the structure provided in a part, it can also hold | maintain both visual target plates in one hand, and can open it so that it may release | separate easily.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a plain visual target plate 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a II-II cross-sectional view of the plain vision target plate 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the plain vision target plate 1 taken along line III-III.
4 is a front view of a vertical stripe target plate 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the vertical stripe target plate 2 taken along the line III-III.
6 is a rear view of the vertical stripe target plate 2. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a rear view of the plain vision target plate 1;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a vertical stripe target plate 3;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a vertical stripe target plate 4;
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing movements of the plain visual target plate 1 and the vertical stripe visual target plate 3 during inspection.
FIG. 11 is a rear view of the plain vision target plate 10 of another embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a front cutaway view of a plain visual target plate 11 of another embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1-Solid visual target plate 2, 3, 4-Vertical stripe target plate 1a, 2a, 3a, 4a-Gripping part 1b, 1c-Holder part

Claims (5)

無地視標を表面に付着した一枚の無地視標板と、該無地視標板とほぼ同じ平均輝度の縦縞視標を表面に付した複数の縦縞視標板とからなるプリファレンシャル・ルッキング法を用いた縞視力カード式の視力検査具であって、
該無地視標板と該縦縞視標板は同一形状に形成され、複数の縦縞視標板には縞幅が視力に応じて異なる縦縞視標がそれぞれ付けられ、該無地視標板と該縦縞視標板の縁部に、該視標板を検査人が把持するための把持部が設けられ、該把持部は、検査人が指で挟んで把持可能な突出部として、前記無地視標板と縦縞視標板の相反する一側部に形成され、該無地視標板と該縦縞視標板を重ね合わせて配置した際、該無地視標板と該縦縞視標板を相互に保持させるためのホルダー部が該無地視標板または該縦縞視標板の縁部に設けられたことを特徴とする視力検査具。
Preferential look consisting of a single plain target plate with a plain target attached to the surface and a plurality of vertical strip target plates with vertical stripe targets having the same average brightness as the plain target plate on the surface A striped vision card type visual acuity test tool using a method,
The plain visual target plate and the vertical stripe visual target plate are formed in the same shape, and a plurality of vertical stripe visual target plates are provided with vertical stripe visual targets having different stripe widths according to visual acuity, respectively. A grip part for an inspector to grip the optotype plate is provided at an edge of the optotype board, and the grip part serves as a protrusion that can be gripped by the inspector with a finger. Are formed on opposite sides of the vertical stripe target plate, and the plain target plate and the vertical stripe target plate are held together when the plain target plate and the vertical stripe target plate are arranged to overlap each other. A visual acuity test tool characterized in that a holder portion is provided at an edge of the plain visual target plate or the vertical stripe visual target plate .
前記ホルダー部は、無地視標板の上縁部と下縁部に、該無地視標板の裏側に重ねられた縦縞視標板の縁部を挟持するように、L字型またはコ字型に形成されたことを特徴とする請求項記載の視力検査具。The holder portion is L-shaped or U-shaped so as to sandwich the edge of the vertical stripe target plate superimposed on the back side of the plain target plate on the upper and lower edges of the plain target plate. The visual acuity test tool according to claim 1 , wherein the visual acuity test tool is formed as described above. 前記無地視標板の把持部の元部に、該無地視標板の裏側に重ねて差し入れられた縦縞視標板の縁部を所定位置で当てて停止させるためのストッパー部が形成されたことを特徴とする請求項記載の視力検査具。A stopper portion for stopping the edge portion of the vertical stripe target plate placed at the predetermined position at the base portion of the grip portion of the plain visual target plate at a predetermined position is formed. The visual acuity test tool according to claim 1 . 前記無地視標板と縦縞視標板の裏面に、被検者の興味を当該検査具に向けさせるためのキャラクター絵が付されている請求項記載の視力検査具。The plain view on the back surface of the target plate and vertical stripes optotype plate, visual acuity test device of claim 1, wherein the character picture for directing the interest of the subject in the inspection device is attached. 前記無地視標板または縦縞視標板の内部に、前記キャラクター絵に関連した音声を発生するスピーカ、音声信号を記憶し再生した音声信号を該スピーカに出力する音声発生回路、及び該音声発生回路の電源となる電池が内蔵されたことを特徴とする請求項記載の視力検査具。A speaker for generating sound related to the character picture, a sound generation circuit for storing a sound signal and outputting a sound signal reproduced to the speaker, and the sound generation circuit in the plain visual target plate or the vertical stripe target plate The eyesight test tool according to claim 4 , further comprising a battery serving as a power source for the eyesight.
JP2001235211A 2001-08-02 2001-08-02 Eyesight test tool Expired - Fee Related JP3639952B2 (en)

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