JP3632755B2 - Food preservative - Google Patents

Food preservative Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3632755B2
JP3632755B2 JP2000315465A JP2000315465A JP3632755B2 JP 3632755 B2 JP3632755 B2 JP 3632755B2 JP 2000315465 A JP2000315465 A JP 2000315465A JP 2000315465 A JP2000315465 A JP 2000315465A JP 3632755 B2 JP3632755 B2 JP 3632755B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
food
preservative
weight
oil
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2000315465A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2002119266A (en
Inventor
敏晴 山崎
裕子 米田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yokohama Oils and Fats Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yokohama Oils and Fats Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yokohama Oils and Fats Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Yokohama Oils and Fats Industry Co Ltd
Priority to JP2000315465A priority Critical patent/JP3632755B2/en
Publication of JP2002119266A publication Critical patent/JP2002119266A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3632755B2 publication Critical patent/JP3632755B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
  • Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
  • Noodles (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鮮度が低下し易い水分含有加工食品に有効な保存剤及びそれを食品表面に適用する保存方法に関し、特に、例えば、コンビニエンスストアやス−パ−等において販売されている日配品と呼ばれる弁当類の加工食品に好適に用いられる保存剤及びそれを用いる食品保存方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、日本の食品衛生法で食品への使用が認められている食品保存料としては、安息香酸及びそのナトリウム塩,ソルビン酸及びそのカリウム塩,パラオキシ安息香酸エステル類,プロピオン酸及びそのナトリウム塩又はカルシウム塩,デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム及び亜硫酸塩類が代表的に挙げられる。しかし、これらの保存料は、使用対象食品,使用量及び残留量に関しての使用基準があり、保存料の使用対象食品の制限や使用量の制限等のためにそれらの使用が敬遠され、保存剤としての利用が大幅に低下している。
【0003】
かかる実情から、最近では、そのような制限を受けない安全性の高い抗菌性食品添加物として、例えば、グリシン,アラニン,ベタイン等のアミノ酸類,脂肪族系有機酸やその塩類,重合燐酸塩のような金属キレ−ト剤,植物抽出物,抗菌性香料精油物質,微生物代謝物質や動物性抽出物、その他、低級脂肪酸の多価アルコ−ルエステル,メラノイジン,ペクチン分解物,リゾチ−ム,ビタミンB のアルキル硫酸塩やアリルイソチアネ−ト等が、食品の保存用に広く用いられるようになった。しかし、これらの物質は、それぞれが本来保有する特性に基づく保存性能を示し、単に食品に添加することによって、それなりの保存効果は得られるが、満足し得る結果は得られていない。
【0004】
近年、食品産業分野における流通形態の変化に伴い、外食産業と共にコンビニエンスストアに代表される中食産業が大きく発展し、食品の中でも特に日配品と呼ばれる各種弁当類の販売量の需要が急激に増大している。それらの加工食料品は、製造から流通販売までの過程において鮮度が低下し易く、腐敗し易いので、低温での保存や配送が行われているが、前述のように、食品衛生法で認められている食品保存料は、使用対象食品や使用量が限定されているため、特に日配品に対して保存剤として利用することは実質的に困難である。従って、最近は、それらの食品保存料に依存しない他の保存剤、特に、日配品などの日持ちを向上させるための各種の食品添加用保存剤について多くの研究がなされている。
【0005】
最近の研究の結果として、例えば、酢酸とジグリセリンモノエステル,モノエステル含量が50%以上であるポリグリセリン脂肪酸モノエステル,明礬と有機酸(塩)類,ε−ポリリジンと酢酸ナトリウムと有機酸,オウレン抽出物とレシチン又はその分解物,香辛料炭化物又は灰化物含有食品防腐剤,ポリゴジア−ルと化学保存料,ベタインとアジピン酸と溶解補助剤含有調味料,ロイテリンと有機酸(塩),竹類エキスと酢酸(塩),リゾチ−ムとエタノ−ルと炭素数8〜12の脂肪酸のグリセリンエステル,ε−ポリリジン(塩)と醸造酢,酢酸ナトリウムとアジピン酸とフマ−ル酸から成る浅漬保存用組成物,フィチン酸又はフマ−ル酸と没食子酸とアスコルビン酸配合静菌剤,ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとリゾチ−ム,リゾチ−ムとアミノ酸と有機酸(塩)類と酢酸塩の組合せ等が食品保存剤として提案された。
【0006】
本発明者らは、提案されたこれらの保存剤についての保存性能を検討する過程において、意外なことに、油脂不溶性の抗菌性物質を食用油脂に均一に分散させた組成物が、上記提案に係る各種食品保存剤よりも遥かに優れた保存性能を有することを見出した。特に、そのような組成物を、ある程度の水分を含有する非汁系の加工食品類の表面に適用するとき、優れた保存能を示し、日配品などの日持ち効果を顕著に向上させることが判った。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明の課題は、特に、日配品などの食品類に適用して、従来のものに比べて顕著に高められた日持ち向上効果が得られる新規な食品保存剤を提供することにある。また、本発明の他の課題は、特に、焼飯,チキンライス等の米飯加工食品,スパゲッティ,焼そば,焼うどん,焼米粉等の非汁麺系加工食品及びソ−セ−ジ,ハム,その他の肉類や魚類の加工食品に好適に使用し得る食品保存剤を提供することにある。本発明の更に他の課題は、製造が容易で且つ食品類への適用が容易な実用性の優れた食品保存剤及びそれを用いる保存方法を提供することにある。本発明のその他の課題ないし技術的特徴は、以下の記載から一層明らかになるであろう。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、前記特許請求の範囲に記載の要件から成る食品保存剤組成物及び該保存剤を非汁系含水加工食品表面に適用する効果的保存方法を提供する。本発明の保存剤は、食用油脂に、該油脂 100重量部当たり1〜100 重量部の範囲内の量の油脂不溶性の抗菌性物質を均一に分散含有せしめることが重要である。また、本発明の保存剤には、該抗菌性物質を油脂中に可及的均一に分散させるために、油脂への分散を促進させる乳化分散剤が好ましく使用される。その使用量は、通常、油脂 100重量部当たり、20重量部以下程度の少量でよく、好ましくは、10重量部以下である。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の食品保存剤に用いられる基剤としての食用油脂は、通常知られた動植物から採取される油脂類であって、常温で液状の油脂としては、例えば菜種油,米油,大豆油,綿実油,コ−ン油,胡麻油,魚油,鯨油,小麦胚芽油,サフラワ−油,ひまわり油,落花生油,荏油,月見草油,オリ−ブ油及び中鎖トリグリセライド等が挙げられる。また、固形油脂としては、ラ−ド,牛脂,パ−ム油,パ−ム核油,椰子油,前記液状油類の水素添加硬化油,これらをウィンタリング操作により分別した分別油及びエステル交換油などが包含される。これらの食用油脂は、常温液状物も固形状物も同様の効果を有するが、作業性を考慮すれば、液状油脂が有利である。
【0010】
また、本発明の食品用保存剤において、食用油脂に含有させる油脂不溶性の抗菌性物質は、実質的に油脂に溶解せず、水に溶解ないし易分散性を有する親水性の抗菌剤であって、かかる抗菌性物質として、ポリリジン,プロタミン,酢酸ナトリウム及びグリシンが挙げられる。ポリリジンは、必須アミノ酸であるL−リジンのホモポリマーで、L−リジンをストレプトミセス属微生物で好気的に培養することによって得られる界面活性作用を有する水性物質である。
【0011】
これら抗菌性物質は、上記食用油脂に、該油脂 100重量部当たり1〜100 重量部の範囲内の量が添加されて保存剤に調製される。添加量が1重量部未満では、満足し得る食品の保存効果が得られず、また、100 重量部を超えると、混合物の粘度が上昇してペ−スト状となり、あるいは適用食品の風味を損なうことがあるので実用上不適切である。好ましい使用量範囲は、2〜20重量部である。通常、保存剤の含有抗菌性物質濃度とその使用量は、適用対象食品によって適宜選択されるが、日持ち保存性向上効果を考慮するとき、抗菌性物質の量が、対象食品に対して 0.1〜2重量%程度、好ましくは 0.2〜1重量%となるように保存剤を添加使用することが実用的である。その場合、保存剤の油脂量が食品の10重量%を超えると、一般に、食品の風味,食感や味などに悪影響を与えるので不都合である。好ましい油脂量は、1〜5重量%程度である。また、保存剤には、上記抗菌性物質と組合せて、例えば、炭素原子数6〜12個を有する低級脂肪酸の脂肪族系アルコ−ルエステル類の少量を含有させることができる。かかるエステル類は、抗菌性を有する油溶性物質類であって、本発明の抗菌性物質と組合せ併用することにより、一層高い相乗抗菌効果を得ることができる。
【0012】
これらの油脂不溶性の抗菌性物質は、油脂に対する親和性が全くないか、極めて小さい物質類であるが、油脂に対し多少の親油性を有する抗菌性物質の場合には、混合物を機械的に強制撹拌することにより均一に分散させることができる。しかし、一般には、食用油脂に溶解するか、油脂に対し強い自己分散性を有する親油性界面活性剤(乳化剤)を少量併用することが有利である。そのような油脂に分散又は溶解する親油性の乳化剤は、例えば、HLB値が10以下のもの、好ましくは、1〜8の範囲内のHLB値を有するものが包含され、基剤食用油脂と抗菌性物質の種類の組合せに関連して適宜選択使用される。適切な乳化剤の使用により、抗菌性物質は食用油脂中に均一に且つ安定に分散保持される。
【0013】
そのような乳化剤には、例えば、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル,庶糖脂肪酸エステル,プロピレングリコ−ル脂肪酸エステル,グリセリン脂肪酸モノエステル,ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル,燐脂質類及び動植物に由来するステロ−ル類等の食品用乳化剤が包含される。上記脂肪酸エステルの脂肪酸としては、炭素原子数8ないし22個を有するアルキル又はアルキレンのカルボン酸類及び縮合カルボン酸類が包含される。これらの乳化剤は単独でもよいが、二種以上を組合せて使用することができ、その使用量は、油脂 100重量部当たり、20重量部以下程度の少量でよい。乳化剤の添加使用量が多いと分散安定性は向上するが、高粘性ないし固形状となり作業性を低下させるので実用的でなく、10重量部以下の可及的少量が好ましく使用される。前記したように、抗菌性物質によっては、必ずしも乳化剤を必要としないものもあるが、そのような抗菌性物質の場合にも、適切な乳化剤の少量を添加することが実用的である。
【0014】
本発明の食品保存剤は、通常、抗菌性物質を食用油脂中に入れ、均一に分散させて調製される。乳化剤が常温液状の場合は、そのまま混合すればよいが、常温固形の乳化剤の場合、適度の熱を加えることが有効である。また、乳化剤を使用する場合には、その混合方法に特に制約はなく、食用油脂,抗菌性物質及び乳化剤を同時に三者混合してもよいが、食用油脂に乳化剤を加えて加熱溶解させ、次いで、抗菌性物質を加えてもよいし、乳化剤と抗菌性物質を混合し、これを加温した食用油脂に加えて撹拌しながら冷却し、均一に分散させる方法が実用的且つ有利に採用される。
【0015】
このように調製された本発明の油脂ベ−ス保存剤は、食品素材中に添加するのではなく、例えば、加工して仕上げられた食品に塗布するか、調理された食品に最後に添加して再仕上げを行って食品の表面を保存剤でカバ−するように適用される。このように適用するとき、従来知られた保存剤に比べて遥かに高い保存効果が得られる。そのような食品の日持ち向上効果は、食品の全表面に形成された本発明の保存剤の基剤油脂の皮膜によって酸素バリア性が確保されると共に、保存剤中の親水性抗菌性物質が水分含有食品中へ浸出,移行して、食品の防腐性,保存性を向上させるものと推定される。
【0016】
本発明に係る食品用保存剤の加工食品表面への適用は、該食品 100重量部当たり 0.2〜10重量部の範囲内の量が推奨される。適用量が 0.2重量部未満では満足し得る保存効果が期待できず、10重量部を超えて使用しても、使用量に見合う保存効果が得られないので経済的に望ましくなく、また食品のもつ風味や味等を損なう恐れがあるので実用的でない。しかし、上記適用範囲量は、抗菌性物質の種類,その含有濃度及び単位重量の食品の各種表面積に関連して必ずしも厳密に規定できるものではなく、上記適用量範囲は、加工食品に対する適用の目安として提供されるものである。前記したように、保存剤の油脂量が食品の10重量%を超えることは避けるべきであることを考慮すれば、一層望ましい適用量の目安は、食品 100重量部当たり1〜5重量部程度の範囲量である。
【0017】
【実施例】
以下、具体例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説明する。なお、例中の部数及び%は、特に記載がない限り重量による。
【0018】
(実施例1)
菜種油 100gに、ポリリジン5g及び庶糖ステアリン酸エステル5gを均一に混合して本発明のポリリジン分散菜種油保存剤を調製した。他方、市販のスパゲッティ(乾燥麺の太さ:1.8 mm)を沸騰水中で茹でたのち、表面の水分を軽く切った茹で麺 100gに上記保存剤3gを添加し、よく掻き混ぜて保存剤を麺の全表面にまぶした。このように処理したスパゲッティの茹で麺 100gを30℃の恒温槽に保存して、24時間後及び48時間後の麺1g中の生菌数をそれぞれ測定した。その結果、調製直後,24時間後及び48時間後の生菌数は、それぞれ0個/g,0個/g及び3×10 個/gであった。これに対し、保存剤を全く適用しない茹で麺の調製直後,24時間後及び48時間後の生菌数は、それぞれ 0.5×10個/g,9×10 個/g及び10 個/g以上であった。なお、生菌数の測定は、標準寒天混釈法に準じて行った。
【0019】
(比較例1及び2)
菜種油50gにテトラグリセリン縮合リシノレ−ト5gを加温溶解し、これにポリリジン5gを水40gに溶解した液を加えて、ホモミキサ−(特殊機化工業社製のTKホモミキサ−MK−II)により5000rpmの回転速度で10分間撹拌し、乳化型保存剤を調製した(比較例1)。また、ポリリジン5gを水95gに溶解して水溶液型保存剤を調製した(比較例2)。このように調製した保存剤のそれぞれ3gを実施例1と同様に、それぞれ別個の茹で麺 100gに加えてよく混ぜ、保存剤を麺の全表面に均一に被覆した。それらを30℃の恒温槽に保存し、保存直前,保存24時間後及び48時間後の生菌数を測定した。それぞれの生菌数(個/g)を下掲(表1)に示す。なお、比較を容易にするために、(表1)には、前記実施例1の結果を併記した。表1より、本発明の食品保存剤が麺類に対して優れた抗菌性を有し、食品保存剤として、特に、日配品などの食品類に対する大幅な日持ち向上効果が得られることが理解されよう。
【0020】

Figure 0003632755
【0021】
(実施例2,比較例3及び比較例4)
お米 800gを水で研ぎ、1.4 倍の加水条件で、常法に従ってガス釜により炊飯した。得られた炊飯米各 100gに、下掲(表2)に記載の混合組成物からなるプロタミン10%含有保存剤をそれぞれ10g添加し、よく掻き混ぜて全表面に保存剤被覆を形成させた。次いで、これを30℃の恒温槽中に2日間保存し、調製直後,24時間後及び48時間後のそれぞれの生菌数を測定した。各試料の保存時間ごとに測定された生菌数(個/g)は、下掲(表3)の通りである。なお、表3には、コントロ−ルとして行った保存剤を添加しないものについて同様に操作,保存して、生菌数を測定した結果を併記した。表3より、本発明の食品保存剤は、炊飯加工食品に対して、同じ量のプロタミンを含有する乳化型保存剤及び水溶液型保存剤に比べて顕著に優れた保存効果を有することが明確に理解される。
【0022】
Figure 0003632755
なお、上記表中のPGPRは、テトラグリセリン縮合リシノレ−トを表す。
【0023】
Figure 0003632755
【0024】
(実施例3,4,比較例5〜8)
実施例2で作製した前記(表2)に記載のプロタミン保存剤のそれぞれを用いて、市販の冷凍チャ−ハンに同様に適用した。保存剤は、冷凍チャ−ハン各 100gにそれぞれ10g(プロタミン量約1%)を添加したもの及び各3g(同 約0.3%)を添加したものについて、30℃の恒温槽中に2日間保存して、保存24時間後及び48時間後のそれぞれの生菌数を測定した。それらの測定結果を無添加のものの結果と共に、下掲(表4)にまとめて示した。
【0025】
Figure 0003632755
【0026】
(実施例5及び6,比較例9〜及び12)
薄力粉 100重量部,食塩2重量部及び水30重量部を配合して調製した生うどんを沸騰水中で約5分間茹でた。これとは別に、玉葱 100g,ピ−マン30g,ソ−セ−ジ 100g,キャベツ 100g,にんじん30g,食塩3g及びソ−ス20gをそれぞれ適当な大きさに刻み、フライパンで炒めて適量の塩,こしょうで味付けしたものに、前記茹うどん 500gを加え、更に炒めて焼きうどんを作った。他方、抗菌剤組成物含有保存剤として、下掲(表5)に示す3種を調製した。
【0027】
Figure 0003632755
なお、上記DGHBは、デカグリセリンヘプタベヘネ−トである。
【0028】
前記焼きうどん 100gに上記抗菌剤組成物2gを添加混合した3つの試料及び焼きうどん100 gに抗菌剤組成物4gを添加混合した3つの試料を作り、それぞれをポリエチレン製袋に入れ、30℃で保存した。保存24時間後及び48時間後のそれぞれの試料の生菌数を測定した。これらの結果を下掲(表6)にまとめて示した。なお、表中には、無添加のものについての結果、及び本発明の保存剤についての保存72時間後の結果を併記した。表6において、実施例5及び6は表5中の本発明の保存剤、比較例9と10は乳化型保存剤及び比較例11と12は水溶液型保存剤を使用したものである。
【0029】
Figure 0003632755
【0030】
【発明の効果】
上記具体例の結果から明らかなように、本発明の食品用保存剤は、加工食品、特に、焼飯,チキンライスその他の米飯加工品、スパゲッティ,焼そば,焼うどん,焼米粉等の非汁麺系加工食品類等の日配品やソ−セ−ジ,ハム,その他の肉類や魚類の加工食品に適用して、従来の食品保存剤に比べて顕著に高められた日持ち向上効果、すなわち、優れた食品保存効果が得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a preservative effective for a moisture-containing processed food that tends to deteriorate in freshness, and a storage method for applying the same to a food surface, and in particular, for example, a daily product sold in a convenience store or a supermarket. The present invention relates to a preservative suitably used for processed foods of lunch boxes and a food preservation method using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, food preservatives approved for use in food under the Japanese Food Sanitation Law include benzoic acid and its sodium salt, sorbic acid and its potassium salt, paraoxybenzoic acid esters, propionic acid and its sodium salt, or Representative examples include calcium salts, sodium dehydroacetate and sulfites. However, these preservatives have usage standards for foods to be used, usage amounts and residual amounts, and their use is avoided due to restrictions on the foods targeted for preservatives and restrictions on the usage amount. The use as is greatly reduced.
[0003]
From this situation, recently, as a highly safe antibacterial food additive not subject to such restrictions, for example, amino acids such as glycine, alanine and betaine, aliphatic organic acids and salts thereof, polymerized phosphates, etc. Such as metal chelating agents, plant extracts, antibacterial perfume essential oil substances, microbial metabolites and animal extracts, other polyalcohol esters of lower fatty acids, melanoidins, pectin degradation products, lysozyme, vitamin B No. 1 alkyl sulfate, allyl isothiocyanate, and the like have been widely used for food preservation. However, each of these substances exhibits a storage performance based on the properties inherently possessed by each of them, and a simple storage effect can be obtained by simply adding to a food, but satisfactory results have not been obtained.
[0004]
In recent years, along with the change in the distribution system in the food industry, the food service industry, represented by convenience stores, has greatly developed along with the food service industry. It is increasing. These processed food products tend to deteriorate in freshness during the process from production to distribution and are prone to spoilage, so they are stored and delivered at low temperatures, but as mentioned above, they are recognized by the Food Sanitation Law. The food preservatives that are used are limited in terms of the food to be used and the amount used, so that it is practically difficult to use them as preservatives for daily products. Therefore, recently, many studies have been made on other preservatives that do not depend on those food preservatives, in particular, various food additive preservatives for improving the shelf life of daily products.
[0005]
As a result of recent research, for example, acetic acid and diglycerol monoester, polyglycerol fatty acid monoester having a monoester content of 50% or more, alum and organic acid (salt), ε-polylysine, sodium acetate and organic acid, Ouren extract and lecithin or its degradation products, food preservatives containing spice, charcoal or ash, polygodial and chemical preservatives, betaine, adipic acid and solubilizer-containing seasonings, reuterin and organic acids (salts), bamboo Extract and acetic acid (salt), lysozyme and ethanol, glycerin ester of fatty acid having 8 to 12 carbon atoms, ε-polylysine (salt) and brewed vinegar, sodium acetate, adipic acid and fumaric acid Composition, phytic acid or fumaric acid, gallic acid and ascorbic acid-containing bacteriostatic agent, polyglycerol fatty acid ester and lysozyme, lysozyme A combination of food, amino acid, organic acid (salts) and acetate has been proposed as a food preservative.
[0006]
In the process of examining the storage performance of these proposed preservatives, the present inventors surprisingly found that a composition in which an oil-insoluble antibacterial substance is uniformly dispersed in an edible oil / fat is in the above proposal. It has been found that it has a storage performance far superior to various food preservatives. In particular, when such a composition is applied to the surface of non-juice processed foods containing a certain amount of moisture, it exhibits excellent storage capacity and can significantly improve the shelf life effect of daily goods. understood.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel food preservative that can be applied to foods such as daily products, and has a significantly improved shelf life compared to conventional products. . In addition, other problems of the present invention include, in particular, cooked rice, chicken rice and other processed rice foods, spaghetti, fried noodles, fried udon, non-noodle processed foods such as baked rice flour, sausage, ham, etc. It is providing the food preservative which can be used conveniently for processed foods of meat and fish. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a food preservative that is easy to manufacture and that is easy to apply to foods and that has excellent practicality and a storage method using the same. Other problems and technical features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention provides a food preservative composition having the requirements described in the claims and an effective storage method for applying the preservative to the surface of a non-juice water-containing processed food. In the preservative of the present invention, it is important that edible fats and oils are uniformly dispersed with an oil-insoluble antibacterial substance in an amount within the range of 1 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the fats and oils. Moreover, in order to disperse | distribute this antibacterial substance in fats and oils as uniformly as possible, the emulsification dispersing agent which accelerates | stimulates dispersion | distribution to fats and oils is used preferably for the preservative of this invention. The amount used may normally be as small as about 20 parts by weight or less, preferably 10 parts by weight or less, per 100 parts by weight of fats and oils.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Edible fats and oils as a base used in the food preservative of the present invention are oils and fats collected from commonly known animals and plants. Examples of oils and fats that are liquid at room temperature include rapeseed oil, rice oil, soybean oil, and cottonseed oil. , Corn oil, sesame oil, fish oil, whale oil, wheat germ oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, camellia oil, evening primrose oil, olive oil and medium chain triglyceride. Solid oils include lard, beef tallow, palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, hydrogenated hardened oils of the above liquid oils, fractionated oils separated by wintering operations, and transesterification. Oil etc. are included. These edible fats and oils have the same effect for liquids at normal temperature and solids, but liquid oils and fats are advantageous in view of workability.
[0010]
Further, in the food preservative of the present invention, the fat-insoluble antibacterial substance contained in the edible fat is a hydrophilic antibacterial agent that is substantially insoluble in fats and oils and is soluble or easily dispersible in water. Such antibacterial substances include polylysine, protamine, sodium acetate and glycine. Polylysine is a homopolymer of L-lysine, which is an essential amino acid, and is an aqueous substance having a surface-active effect obtained by aerobically culturing L-lysine in Streptomyces microorganisms.
[0011]
These antibacterial substances are prepared as preservatives by adding an amount in the range of 1 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the fats and oils. If the amount added is less than 1 part by weight, a satisfactory food preservation effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 100 parts by weight, the viscosity of the mixture increases and becomes pasty, or the flavor of the applied food is impaired. This is inappropriate for practical use. A preferable use amount range is 2 to 20 parts by weight. Usually, the concentration of antibacterial substance contained in the preservative and the amount used thereof are appropriately selected depending on the food to be applied. However, when considering the effect of improving shelf life preservation, the amount of antibacterial substance is 0. It is practical to add a preservative so that it is about 1 to 2% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 1% by weight. In that case, if the amount of fat or oil in the preservative exceeds 10% by weight of the food, it is generally inconvenient because it adversely affects the flavor, texture and taste of the food. A preferable amount of fats and oils is about 1 to 5% by weight. The preservative may contain a small amount of aliphatic alcohol esters of lower fatty acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, for example, in combination with the antibacterial substance. Such esters are oil-soluble substances having antibacterial properties, and a higher synergistic antibacterial effect can be obtained by using in combination with the antibacterial substance of the present invention.
[0012]
These fat- and oil-insoluble antibacterial substances are substances with little or no affinity for fats and oils, but in the case of antibacterial substances with some lipophilicity to fats and oils, the mixture is mechanically forced. It can disperse | distribute uniformly by stirring. However, in general, it is advantageous to use a small amount of a lipophilic surfactant (emulsifier) that dissolves in edible fats or oils or has strong self-dispersibility with respect to fats and oils. Such lipophilic emulsifiers that are dispersed or dissolved in fats and oils include, for example, those having an HLB value of 10 or less, preferably those having an HLB value in the range of 1 to 8, including edible fats and antibacterial bases It is appropriately selected and used in relation to the combination of the types of sex substances. By using an appropriate emulsifier, the antimicrobial substance is uniformly and stably dispersed and held in the edible fat.
[0013]
Examples of such emulsifiers include sorbitan fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, glycerin fatty acid monoesters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, phospholipids, and sterols derived from animals and plants. An emulsifier is included. Examples of the fatty acid of the fatty acid ester include alkyl or alkylene carboxylic acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and condensed carboxylic acids. These emulsifiers may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and the amount used may be as small as about 20 parts by weight or less per 100 parts by weight of fats and oils. When the amount of the emulsifier added is large, the dispersion stability is improved, but it becomes highly viscous or solid and the workability is lowered, so that it is not practical, and the smallest possible amount of 10 parts by weight or less is preferably used. As described above, some antibacterial substances do not necessarily require an emulsifier, but even in the case of such an antibacterial substance, it is practical to add a small amount of an appropriate emulsifier.
[0014]
The food preservative of the present invention is usually prepared by putting an antibacterial substance in an edible oil and fat and uniformly dispersing it. When the emulsifier is liquid at room temperature, it may be mixed as it is, but in the case of an emulsifier solid at room temperature, it is effective to apply appropriate heat. In addition, when using an emulsifier, there is no particular limitation on the mixing method, and edible oils and fats, antibacterial substances and emulsifiers may be mixed at the same time. An antibacterial substance may be added, or a method of mixing an emulsifier and an antibacterial substance, adding it to a heated edible oil, cooling it with stirring, and uniformly dispersing it is employed practically and advantageously. .
[0015]
The fat-based preservative of the present invention thus prepared is not added to the food material, but is applied to, for example, processed and finished food, or added last to cooked food. Applied to refinish and cover the surface of the food with a preservative. When applied in this way, a much higher preservative effect can be obtained as compared to conventionally known preservatives. The effect of improving the shelf life of such foods is that oxygen barrier properties are secured by the film of the base oil and fat of the preservative of the present invention formed on the entire surface of the food, and the hydrophilic antibacterial substance in the preservative is moisture. It is presumed that the food will be leached and transferred into the food to improve the antiseptic and preservability of the food.
[0016]
For the application of the food preservative according to the present invention to the processed food surface, an amount within the range of 0.2 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the food is recommended. If the application amount is less than 0.2 parts by weight, a satisfactory preservation effect cannot be expected, and even if it is used in excess of 10 parts by weight, a preservation effect commensurate with the amount of use cannot be obtained. It is not practical because it may impair the flavor and taste of the food. However, the above-mentioned range of application amounts cannot always be strictly defined in relation to the types of antibacterial substances, their concentration, and various surface areas of food of unit weight, and the above-mentioned range of application amounts is a guideline for application to processed foods. As provided. As described above, considering that the preservative oil and fat amount should not exceed 10% by weight of the food, a more desirable standard of application amount is about 1 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the food. It is a range quantity.
[0017]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with specific examples. In the examples, the number of parts and% are by weight unless otherwise specified.
[0018]
(Example 1)
100 g of rapeseed oil was uniformly mixed with 5 g of polylysine and 5 g of sucrose stearate to prepare a polylysine-dispersed rapeseed oil preservative according to the present invention. On the other hand, boil commercially available spaghetti (thickness of dry noodles: 1.8 mm) in boiling water, add 3 g of the above preservative to 100 g of boiled noodles with lightly cut surface moisture, and stir well to preserve. Was applied to the entire surface of the noodles. 100 g of noodles boiled with spaghetti treated in this way were stored in a thermostatic bath at 30 ° C., and the number of viable bacteria in 1 g of noodles after 24 hours and 48 hours was measured. As a result, the viable cell counts immediately after preparation, 24 hours later and 48 hours later were 0 / g, 0 / g and 3 × 10 2 / g, respectively. In contrast, the number of viable bacteria immediately after the preparation of boiled noodles without applying any preservative, 24 hours and 48 hours after, was 0.5 × 10 4 / g, 9 × 10 4 / g and 10 8 , respectively. / G or more. The number of viable bacteria was measured according to the standard agar pour method.
[0019]
(Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
In 50 g of rapeseed oil, 5 g of tetraglycerin-condensed ricinoleate is dissolved by heating, and a solution obtained by dissolving 5 g of polylysine in 40 g of water is added thereto, and 5000 rpm is obtained with a homomixer (TK homomixer-MK-II manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.). The mixture was stirred at a rotational speed of 10 minutes to prepare an emulsified preservative (Comparative Example 1). Further, 5 g of polylysine was dissolved in 95 g of water to prepare an aqueous solution type preservative (Comparative Example 2). In the same manner as in Example 1, 3 g of each preservative prepared as described above was added to 100 g of noodles separately and mixed well to uniformly coat the entire surface of the noodle. They were stored in a constant temperature bath at 30 ° C., and the viable cell count was measured immediately before storage, 24 hours after storage, and 48 hours after storage. Each viable count (cells / g) is shown below (Table 1). In addition, in order to make a comparison easy, the result of the said Example 1 was written together in (Table 1). From Table 1, it is understood that the food preservative of the present invention has an excellent antibacterial property against noodles, and as a food preservative, in particular, a significant shelf life improvement effect for foods such as daily products can be obtained. Like.
[0020]
Figure 0003632755
[0021]
(Example 2, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4)
800 g of rice was sharpened with water and cooked in a gas kettle according to a conventional method under a 1.4-fold water condition. 10 g of protamine 10% -containing preservative composed of the mixed composition described below (Table 2) was added to each 100 g of the cooked rice, and the mixture was thoroughly stirred to form a preservative coating on the entire surface. Next, this was stored in a thermostat at 30 ° C. for 2 days, and the number of viable bacteria was measured immediately after preparation, 24 hours and 48 hours later. The viable cell count (cells / g) measured for each sample storage time is as shown below (Table 3). Table 3 also shows the results of measuring the number of viable bacteria after the same operation and storage for those without the preservative added as a control. From Table 3, it is clear that the food preservative of the present invention has a remarkably superior preservative effect on the cooked rice food compared to the emulsion preservative and aqueous preservative containing the same amount of protamine. Understood.
[0022]
Figure 0003632755
In addition, PGPR in the said table | surface represents tetraglycerin condensed ricinoleate.
[0023]
Figure 0003632755
[0024]
(Examples 3 and 4, Comparative Examples 5 to 8)
Using each of the protamine preservatives described in the above (Table 2) prepared in Example 2, it was similarly applied to a commercial frozen cha-han. Preservatives are 100g of frozen cha-han each with 10g added (about 1% protamine amount) and 3g each (about 0.3% same amount) in a constant temperature bath at 30 ° C for 2 days. The number of viable bacteria was measured after 24 hours and 48 hours after storage. The measurement results are shown in Table 4 below together with the results of no addition.
[0025]
Figure 0003632755
[0026]
(Examples 5 and 6, Comparative Examples 9 and 12)
Raw udon prepared by blending 100 parts by weight of flour, 2 parts by weight of salt and 30 parts by weight of water was boiled in boiling water for about 5 minutes. Separately, 100 g of onion, 30 g of pepper, 100 g of sausage, 100 g of cabbage, 30 g of carrot, 3 g of salt and 20 g of sauce are each chopped into appropriate sizes, fried in a frying pan, 500 g of the udon noodles were added to what was seasoned with pepper and further fried to make baked udon. On the other hand, three types shown in the following (Table 5) were prepared as antibacterial composition-containing preservatives.
[0027]
Figure 0003632755
The DGHB is decaglycerin heptabehenate.
[0028]
Three samples prepared by adding 2 g of the antibacterial agent composition to 100 g of the baked udon and three samples prepared by adding 4 g of the antibacterial agent composition to 100 g of the baked udon were prepared. Each sample was placed in a polyethylene bag and stored at 30 ° C. . The viable cell count of each sample after 24 hours and 48 hours after storage was measured. These results are summarized below (Table 6). In the table, the results for the additive-free product and the results after 72 hours of storage for the preservative of the present invention are also shown. In Table 6, Examples 5 and 6 use the preservative of the present invention in Table 5, Comparative Examples 9 and 10 use emulsion type preservatives, and Comparative Examples 11 and 12 use aqueous solution type preservatives.
[0029]
Figure 0003632755
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the results of the above specific examples, the food preservative of the present invention is a processed food, in particular, non-juice noodles such as baked rice, chicken rice and other processed rice products, spaghetti, fried noodles, baked udon, baked rice flour, etc. Applying to daily processed foods such as processed foods and processed foods of sausage, ham, other meats and fish, the shelf life improvement effect is significantly enhanced compared to conventional food preservatives, that is, Excellent food preservation effect is obtained.

Claims (2)

食用油脂に、該油脂100重量部当り1〜100重量部の範囲内の、ポリリジン,プロタミン,酢酸ナトリウム及びグリシンより成る群から選択される油脂不溶性の抗菌性物質を均一に分散含有せしめて成る調製された食品の表面に油脂被膜を形成させる食品用保存剤。 Preparation in which fat and oil-insoluble antibacterial substance selected from the group consisting of polylysine, protamine, sodium acetate and glycine is uniformly dispersed in edible fats and oils in the range of 1 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the fats and oils A food preservative that forms an oil film on the surface of the finished food. 食用油脂に、該油脂100重量部当り1〜100重量部の範囲内の、ポリリジン,プロタミン,酢酸ナトリウム及びグリシンより成る群から選択される油脂不溶性の抗菌性物質を均一に分散含有する食品用保存剤を、調製された食品に、該食品100重量部当り0.2〜10重量部の範囲内の量を適用して、食品表面に油脂被膜を形成させることを特徴とする食品の保存方法。Edible oils and fats, in the range of the fat weight per 100 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight, polylysine, protamine, stored food uniformly dispersed therein an antibacterial substance in oil-insoluble is selected from the group consisting of sodium acetate and glycine agent, to the prepared food, by applying an amount in the range of the food 100 parts by weight per 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, food storage method, characterized in that to form a food oil film on the surface of the.
JP2000315465A 2000-10-16 2000-10-16 Food preservative Expired - Fee Related JP3632755B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000315465A JP3632755B2 (en) 2000-10-16 2000-10-16 Food preservative

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000315465A JP3632755B2 (en) 2000-10-16 2000-10-16 Food preservative

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2002119266A JP2002119266A (en) 2002-04-23
JP3632755B2 true JP3632755B2 (en) 2005-03-23

Family

ID=18794568

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2000315465A Expired - Fee Related JP3632755B2 (en) 2000-10-16 2000-10-16 Food preservative

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3632755B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6795170B2 (en) * 2016-05-30 2020-12-02 株式会社ウエノフードテクノ Powdered shelf life improver for food
JP2021045078A (en) * 2019-09-18 2021-03-25 日本新薬株式会社 Sodium acetate preparation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002119266A (en) 2002-04-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2000077133A1 (en) Fat compositions
CN102038202A (en) Meat additive, pickling liquid and processed meat product
CN102264240A (en) Fat composition
JP2007135458A (en) Fish roe sauce
US6780449B2 (en) Process for preparing vacuum tumbled food products
JP4171136B2 (en) Ingredients for fried cooked food and fried food
JP3632755B2 (en) Food preservative
JP5693930B2 (en) Antibacterial composition
JP4439330B2 (en) Water-soluble oil preparation, its production method and use
JP3148146B2 (en) Clothes improver for fried foods, the ingredients, and method for producing fried foods
WO2021125324A1 (en) Edible oil/fat composition having bacteriostatic effect
JP2018153120A (en) Method for producing w/o type emulsion liquid
WO2021065445A1 (en) Mold release oil
JP6369733B1 (en) Oil composition
JP5035908B2 (en) Chinese food dough
KR20170002390A (en) Oil or fat composition for dried laver seaweed sheets, oil or fat to be applied onto dried laver seaweed sheets, and method for producing korean-style-flavored dried laver seaweed sheet
JP2020141645A (en) Oil and fat composition, water-in-oil emulsion, and minced meat processed frozen food
JP2005328794A (en) Powdery food additive pharmaceutical preparation containing fatty acid ester, and food using the same
JP3846322B2 (en) Taste with excellent flavor and sauces
JP2008148597A (en) Cooking material for fried rice
Pandey et al. Effect of antioxidants mixture on the quality characteristics of pork sandwich spread stored under refrigeration (4±1 C)
JP2006055080A (en) Oil and fat composition for kneading and food using the same
JPH1084895A (en) Water-in-oil type emulsified fat and oil composition for noodle band and its use
JPH044863A (en) Method for improving preservability of food using fat or oil
JPH11289998A (en) Modifier for ingredient of fried food and fried food using the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20040227

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20040308

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20040430

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20041206

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20041214

R150 Certificate of patent (=grant) or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080107

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090107

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090107

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100107

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100107

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110107

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120107

Year of fee payment: 7

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120107

Year of fee payment: 7

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130107

Year of fee payment: 8

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140107

Year of fee payment: 9

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees