JP3627018B2 - Insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus and method - Google Patents

Insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus and method Download PDF

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JP3627018B2
JP3627018B2 JP2002073565A JP2002073565A JP3627018B2 JP 3627018 B2 JP3627018 B2 JP 3627018B2 JP 2002073565 A JP2002073565 A JP 2002073565A JP 2002073565 A JP2002073565 A JP 2002073565A JP 3627018 B2 JP3627018 B2 JP 3627018B2
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separation
epidermis
plate
internal organs
brush member
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JP2003266019A (en
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篤信 羽賀
登久 松江
哲治 水谷
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National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
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National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置及び方法に関し、特に、昆虫廃棄物又は死骸から表皮、内部器官、残渣粉体を分離・選別する装置及び方法に関する。ここで、昆虫廃棄物又は死骸とは、昆虫自体又はその死骸を意味し、例えば、有用物質を採取した後の昆虫又はその死骸を意味する。また、残渣粉体とは、表皮及び内部器官等の粉体を意味する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、昆虫の廃棄物又は死骸は、メッシュの異なる篩いを利用して、表皮及び内部器官の2種類に分別し、回収していた。この場合、廃棄物又は死骸中の粉体の回収には、市販の電磁式篩い振盪器を利用して回収していた。また、表皮と内部器官とを分別する際の篩い作業は手作業で行われていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の手作業による昆虫廃棄物又は死骸からの表皮及び内部器官の選別には、以下述べるような問題点がある。
(1)選別作業には長い時間と多大な人的労力を必要とする。
(2)単純作業のため作業効率が低下する。
(3)手先の細かい作業のため、作業者に疲労を生じさせる。
(4)作業中に粉体が舞い上がるため、作業者が粉塵を吸い込む危険性がある。そのため、粉塵を吸い込まないように、防塵服、防塵マスクを着用する必要があり、作業時季、とりわけ夏季には作業者に不快感を与える。
(5)昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の臭気が衣服や身体に付着する。
(6)篩いによる粉体の分離と、表皮及び内部器官との選別作業は、別々の作業であり、この分業も時間のかかる一つの要因である。
【0004】
本発明の課題は、上記従来の問題点を解決することにあり、選別作業を機械化することによって、簡単かつ効率的に昆虫廃棄物又は死骸から表皮、内部器官及び残渣粉体を分離・選別できる分離・選別装置及び分離・選別方法を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の被処理物である昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置は、該被処理物の投入されるホッパーであって、その下方部分が該被処理物を誘導する第一ガイド手段として機能するホッパーと、該ホッパーから被処理物を誘導するための第二ガイド手段と、該第二ガイド手段の下流側端部に設けられた互いに噛み合った二つのブラシからなる第一ブラシ部材と、該第一ブラシ部材の下流側に、その少なくとも一つのブラシに噛み合って設けられた第二ブラシ部材と、該第二ブラシ部材の下流側に第二ブラシ部材に噛み合って設けられた第三ブラシ部材とを備えたことを特徴とする
【0006】
本発明の分離・選別装置はさらに、該第一ガイド手段を揺動するための揺動ドライバーを備えており、該第二ガイド手段は、その少なくとも一部がメッシュ状に構成され、該第一ブラシ部材は、被処理物を二つのブラシの間に挟み込んで該被処理物の表皮を引き裂いて体内の内部器官を表皮と分離するように構成され、該第二ブラシ部材は、該第一ブラシ部材から送られた分離物を破砕するように構成され、該第三ブラシ部材は、該第二ブラシ部材から送られた破砕物を表皮、内部器官、及び残渣粉体に比重差を利用して遠心分離するように構成されている。
【0007】
本発明の分離・選別装置では、該第三ブラシ部材の下流側に、間隔を置いて順番に第一分離板、第二分離板及び第三分離板を配置し、該第一分離板と第二分離板とはその高さが調節できるように構成されており、該第一分離板は、該第三ブラシ部材の上流側から落下する残渣粉体及び該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離された残渣粉体を受け取って、該装置の下方に配設された粉体回収容器へと誘導するように構成されており、また、該第二分離板は、その上端部分が該第一分離板よりも高くなるように構成され、該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離され、該第一分離板の上端を飛び越えてくる表皮を受け取って、該装置の下方に配設された表皮回収容器へと誘導するように構成されており、また、該第三分離板は、該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離され、該第二分離板の上端を飛び越えてくる内部器官を受け取って、該装置の下方に配設された内部器官回収容器へと誘導するように構成されている。
【0008】
本発明の分離・選別装置では、該第二分離板は、第一篩い手段を備え、該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離され、該第二分離板上に落下する表皮と混在する残渣粉体とが該第一篩い手段で分離されるように構成され、また、該第三分離板は、第二篩い手段を備え、該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離され、該第三分離板上に落下する内部器官と混在する表皮とが分離されるように構成されている。
本発明の分離・選別装置では、該第三分離板の下流側近傍に第一エアーノズル手段を設け、該第三分離板で分離された表皮が該第二分離板へと誘導され、分離された内部器官は下流へと誘導されるように構成されている。
【0009】
本発明の分離・選別装置では、該第一エアーノズル手段の下方で該第二分離板の下流側近傍に第二エアーノズル手段を設け、また、該第二分離板の下流側直下に、該第二分離板からの落下物の落下方向に対して所定の角度をもった第三ガイド手段の傾斜板を設け、該第二分離板に設けた第一篩い手段で分離されずに第二分離板から落下する表皮及び混在した内部器官が該第三ガイド手段に突き当たり、該第二エアーノズル手段からのエアーの噴射によって分離されるように構成されている。
【0010】
本発明の分離・選別装置では、該第一分離板の一部が誘導ガイド手段として機能するようにし、下方部分が被処理物を誘導する第一ガイド手段として機能するホッパーと該ホッパーから被処理物を誘導するための第二ガイド手段の下流側端部に設けられた互いに噛み合った二つのブラシからなる第一ブラシ部材との間に設けられたメッシュ状部分及び該第一ブラシ部材乃至第三ブラシ部材から該第一分離板へと落下する細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体のうち比較的細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ粉体が、該誘導ガイド手段を経て該手段の下方に配設された粉体回収容器内へ誘導され、また、該誘導ガイド手段の下方に第四ガイド手段を設け、この第四ガイド手段により、該細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体のうち比較的大きい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ粉体、さらに比較的細かい表皮破片や内部器官を含んだ残渣粉体と、比較的大きい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体とに分離され、前者が粉体回収容器内へ誘導され、後者が該粉体回収容器に隣接する表皮破片及び内部器官破片回収容器内へ誘導されるように構成されている。
【0011】
本発明の分離・選別方法は、被処理物である昆虫廃棄物又は死骸から表皮、内部器官、及び残渣粉体を分離・選別する方法であって、該被処理物をホッパー内へ投入し、該被処理物を揺動して、互いに噛み合った二つのブラシからなる第一ブラシ手段へ誘導し、該ブラシの間に挟み込んで該被処理物の表皮を引き裂いて体内の内部器官を表皮と分離し、分離された表皮と内部器官とをさらに第二ブラシ手段へ送って破砕し、次いで、第三ブラシ手段へ送ってさらに破砕し、該第三ブラシ部材の回転により、表皮、内部器官、及び残渣粉体を比重差を利用して遠心分離し、分離された残渣粉体を第一分離板を経て粉体回収容器内へ誘導し、また、分離された表皮を第二分離板を経て表皮回収容器内へ誘導し、また、分離された内部器官を第三分離板を経て内部器官回収容器内へ誘導し、表皮、内部器官、残渣粉体を回収することを特徴とする。
【0012】
本発明の分離・選別方法では、該ホッパーと該第一ブラシ部材との間に設けられたメッシュ状部分及び該第一ブラシ部材乃至第三ブラシ部材から該第一分離板へと落下する細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体のうち比較的細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ粉体を、誘導ガイド手段を経て粉体回収容器内へ誘導して回収し、また、該メッシュ状部分及び第一ブラシ部材乃至第三ブラシ部材から該第一分離板へと落下する細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体のうち比較的大きな表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ粉体を、該誘導ガイド手段を経て誘導し、該誘導ガイド手段の下方に設けた第四ガイド手段に当てて弾かせ、さらに比較的細かい表皮破片や内部器官を含んだ残渣粉体と、比較的大きい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体とに分離し、前者を粉体回収容器内に誘導し、後者を該粉体回収容器に隣接する表皮破片及び内部器官破片回収容器内へ誘導して回収する。
【0013】
本発明の分離・選別方法では、該第三分離板でこの分離板上に落下した内部器官及び混在する表皮から表皮を分離し、分離した表皮を該第三分離板の下流側近傍に設けた第一エアーノズル手段により該第二分離板へ誘導し、該第二分離板を経て表皮回収容器内へ誘導して回収すること、また、該第二分離板で分離されずにこの分離板から落下する表皮及び混在した内部器官を、該第二分離板の下流側直下に設けた第三ガイド手段の傾斜板に突き当て、該第二分離板の下流側近傍に設けた第二エアーノズル手段からのエアーの噴射により表皮と内部器官とに分離し、それぞれの回収容器内へ誘導して回収する。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して、本発明に係わる昆虫廃棄物又は死骸(以下、「昆虫廃棄物」又は「被処理物」と称す。)の分離・選別装置の実施の形態と共に、分離・選別方法の実施の形態を説明する。
図1は、昆虫廃棄物の分離・選別装置の構成例を示す、一部断面図を含む正面図である。図2及び図3は、それぞれ、図1に示す装置の側面図及び平面図である。
【0015】
図1〜3において、直方形の蓋付き分離・選別装置1内には、その上方に被処理物である乾燥済昆虫廃棄物Aを投入するためのホッパー2が配置され、このホッパーの下方部分は、第一ガイド手段として機能する下流側に傾斜の付いたガイドプレート3で構成され、ガイドプレート3はモーターに接続された揺動(振動)ドライバー4により揺動され、被処理物Aが所定の速度で下流側に移動するように構成されている。ガイドプレート3の駆動方法は、振動を与えるものであれば制限はないが、例えば、モータードライブ(揺動用シリンダー式DCサーボモーター)等によるものが搬送効率の点から好ましい。また、装置1は、アルミ型材で作製され、その前面部は、加工性に優れた透明樹脂(例えば、PET樹脂等)で作製することが好ましい。分離・選別作業中に、装置内の状態が観察できるからである。揺動ドライバー4は、図2に示す揺動ドライバー用モーター21で駆動される。
【0016】
ホッパー2の下流側には、揺動によりガイドプレート3から落下した被処理物Aを受け取る第二ガイド手段としてのガイドプレート5が配置される。このガイドプレート5の上流側端部は分離・選別装置1の内壁に固定され、その下流側は上方に湾曲し、この湾曲した端部部分に互いに噛み合った二つのブラシ6a及び6bで構成された第一ブラシ部材6が設置されている。落下した被処理物Aは、ガイドプレート5を経てブラシ6a及び6bの間に挟み込まれ、各ブラシの回転によって引き裂かれながら、表皮及び内部器官に分離される。
【0017】
ブラシ6a及び6bの噛み合わせ状態は、被処理物Aの種類、形状により調節され、被処理物が効率よく分離できるように適宜設定する。ブラシ6aとブラシ6bとの回転が等倍速の場合、被処理物の表皮は破砕されるだけであるが、ブラシ6aとブラシ6bとを異なる回転数で駆動させることにより、被処理物Aの表皮を引き裂き、被処理物体内に残存する内部器官を表皮と分離させることができる。ブラシ6a及び6bの回転数は、被処理物Aの状態に応じて、表皮を引き裂き、表皮と内部器官とを分離させることができる範囲に設定すればよい。標準設定回転数として、例えば、ブラシ6aの場合300rpm前後、ブラシ6bの場合100rpm前後に設定し、表皮の引き裂き状態や表皮と内部器官との分離状態を観察しながら、この回転数を適宜変えて実施すればよい。また、ブラシ6a及び6bの回転数の差による被処理物表皮の引き裂きの程度は、これらのブラシの硬さの違いによってもある程度変化する。
【0018】
かくして分離された表皮と内部器官とは、例えばブラシ6aに噛み合って設けられた第二ブラシ部材であるブラシ7へ送られ、破砕される。ブラシ6aとブラシ7との噛み合わせ状態は、第一ブラシ部材6から送られてきた分離物の形状等により調節して、効率よく分離物を破砕することができるように適宜設定する。ブラシ6aに絡んだ表皮及び内部器官はブラシ7の回転によってすくい取られ、ブラシ7の下流側にブラシ7に噛み合って設けられた第三ブラシ部材であるブラシ8に送り込まれ、さらに破砕される。ブラシ8は、その回転により、ブラシ7から送られてきた破砕物を表皮、内部器官、及び残渣粉体に比重差を利用して遠心分離するように構成されている。ブラシ8に送り込まれた表皮及び内部器官は、ブラシ8の回転による遠心力で前方へ飛散する。このような遠心力による分離物は、飛散距離が短いため、被処理物の表皮と内部器官との混在割合が比較的多い。そのため、その後の分離プロセスを振動だけで行うと、被処理物の表皮及び内部器官の搬送速度が遅くなり、分離効率が低いので、ブラシ6a及びブラシ6bによる引き裂き後の分離は、以下述べるように、篩いとエアーブローとの複合方式で行う。
【0019】
ブラシ7の回転数は、ブラシ6aに絡んだ表皮及び内部器官をすくい取ることができ、また、送られてきた分離物を効率よく破砕することができる範囲に設定すればよい。標準設定回転数として、例えば、300rpm前後に設定し、破砕状態を観察しながら、この回転数を適宜変えて実施すればよい。また、ブラシ8の回転数は、ブラシ7から送られてきた破砕物を効率よく遠心分離することができる範囲に設定すればよい。標準設定回転数として、例えば、1400rpm前後に設定し、分離状態を観察しながら、この回転数を適宜変えて実施すればよい。
なお、ブラシ6a、6b、7及び8のそれぞれの回転は、図2及び3に示すようなブラシ用モーター22、23、24、及び25で行われる。また、これらのブラシの材質は、特に制限されるわけではなく、例えば、塩化ビニル等の硬質プラスチックであればよい。
【0020】
上記したように遠心分離された表皮、内部器官及び残渣粉体を分別するため、ブラシ8の下流側に、ブラシ8と間隔を置いて第一分離板9、第二分離板10及び第三分離板11が配置される。
第一分離板9は、ブラシ8で遠心分離された残渣粉体及びブラシ8の上流側から落下する残渣粉体を受け取り、この粉体を分離板9の下流側で装置1の下方に配設された粉体回収容器12へと誘導するように構成されている。第一分離板9は、その鉛直部の高さを適宜調節できるようになっており、その高さを、ブラシ8で遠心分離された残渣粉体を受け取ることができるような高さに設定する。鉛直部の先端は屈曲し、遠心分離された残渣粉体を受け取りやすくなっている。なお、第一分離板9上には、第一ブラシ部材6で発生した残渣粉体及び細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片も落下し、シリンダー式DCサーボモーター等の揺動動作によって、第一分離板9の傾斜部に沿って下流側へ搬送される。
【0021】
第二分離板10は、その鉛直部の高さが調節できるようになっており、その高さを第一分離板9よりも高くなるように適宜設定して、ブラシ8で遠心分離された表皮を受け取り、分離板10の下流側で装置1の下方に配設された表皮回収容器13へと誘導するように構成されている。鉛直部の先端は屈曲し、遠心分離された表皮を主体とする分離物を受け取りやすくなっている。第二分離板10には、揺動手段により揺動しうる第一篩い手段16が傾斜部に設けられ、表皮と混在する内部器官とを分離する。第一篩い手段16は、例えば、図2及び3に示す篩い振動用シリンダー式DCサーボモーター26により駆動される。
【0022】
第三分離板11は、ブラシ8で遠心分離された内部器官を主体とする分離物を受け取り、この内部器官を、分離板の傾斜部に沿って、その下流側で装置1の下方に配設された内部器官回収容器14aへと誘導するように構成されている。第三分離板11には、揺動手段により揺動しうる第二篩い手段17を備えており、内部器官と混在する表皮内部器官とを分離する。第二篩い手段17は、例えば、図2及び3に示す篩い振動用シリンダー式DCサーボモーター26により駆動される。
また、ガイドプレート5のメッシュ状部分及び第一分離板9から落下慣性作用により落下する残渣粉体と表皮や内部器官の小片とは、ガイドプレート5の下方で装置1の内壁に固定して設けられた第四ガイド手段であるガイドプレート15の傾斜板に当たり、弾かれて、残渣粉体と表皮や内部器官の小片とは分離され、それぞれ、粉体回収容器12とこの粉体回収容器に隣接して配設された表皮・内部器官回収容器14bへと誘導され、回収される。
【0023】
上記したように、ブラシ8で遠心分離された表皮と内部器官とは、第一篩い手段16及び第二篩い手段17によって、残渣粉体、表皮、内部器官に分離される。第二篩い手段17において内部器官と混在する表皮とを分離する。その際、装置1の壁面にエアーノズルホルダーを介して取り付けられ、第三分離板の下流側近傍まで延長して設けられている第一エアーノズル手段18から噴射されるエアーで、内部器官と混在する表皮との分離精度を高めるように構成されている。第一エアーノズル手段18により、第三分離板11で分離された混在する表皮は第二分離板10へと誘導される。篩い手段16で分離されなかった表皮及び混在する内部器官は、第二分離板9の最後部直下に取り付けた第三ガイド手段であるガイドプレート19の傾斜板に落下して突き当たり、ガイドプレート19の近傍にノズル先端が配置されるように設けた第二エアーノズル手段20から噴射されるエアーによって、表皮と内部器官とに分離され、それぞれ、表皮回収容器13及び内部器官回収容器14aへと回収される。
【0024】
上記した昆虫廃棄物の分離・選別装置は、例えば、図1に示すように、その前面下方の所定の位置に制御盤Bを配設して、装置の操作・制御を行うことができるようにすることが好ましい。
本発明の装置で処理する昆虫廃棄物としては、特に制限されないが、例えば、有用物質を含む体液を採取した後のカイコ幼虫死骸や、カブト虫や、エビガラスズメ等を用いることが可能である。例えば、カイコ幼虫には、クチクラの主成分であるキチンや絹糸腺内の絹タンパク質等のバイオマテリアルの原材料が大量に含まれており、本発明の装置を用いて、表皮(クチクラ)と絹糸腺(絹タンパク質の貯蔵器官)を分離・回収することができるので、キチン、絹タンパク質資源としてカイコ幼虫死骸の再利用が可能となる。
【0025】
【実施例】
以下、図面を参照し、本発明の実施例をカイコ幼虫死骸を用いて説明する。
有用物質を含む体液を採取した後のカイコ幼虫死骸をオートクレーブ内で121℃、60分間滅菌した後、熱風乾燥した。乾燥済みのカイコ幼虫死骸Aをホッパー1に投入した。カイコ幼虫死骸は、振動ユニットである揺動ドライバー4を取り付けたガイドプレート3上に落ち、モータードライブ(揺動用シリンダー式DCサーボモーター)により傾斜の付いたガイドプレート3上を移動した。移動したカイコ幼虫死骸Aを、第一段目破砕ユニット(硬いブラシ6aとブラシ6bとから構成)に誘導した。ブラシ6aとブラシ6bとで挟まれたカイコ幼虫死骸Aの表皮を、これらのブラシの回転によって引き裂きながら、カイコ幼虫体内に残存する内部器官である絹糸腺を分離した。この場合、ブラシ用モーター22、23によりブラシ6aとブラシ6bとを異なる所定の回転数で作動させて、カイコ幼虫死骸の表皮を引き裂き、カイコ体内に残存している乾燥処理で固形化した絹糸腺を表皮と分離させた。この際、ブラシ6aの標準回転数を300rpm、ブラシ6bの標準回転数を100rpmに設定し、カイコ幼虫死骸の表皮の引き裂き状態や、絹糸腺の分離状態を観察しながら、回転数を適宜変えて実施した。
【0026】
分離された表皮及び絹糸腺をブラシ用モーター24により駆動されるブラシ7へ送り込んだ。ブラシ6aに絡んだ表皮及び絹糸腺はブラシ7の回転によってすくい取られ、ブラシ用モーター25により駆動されるブラシ8に送り込まれた。ブラシ8に送り込まれた表皮及び絹糸腺はさらに破砕されると共に、ブラシ8の回転による遠心力で前方へ飛散された。この際、ブラシ7の標準回転数を300rpm、ブラシ8の標準回転数を1400rpmに設定し、分離状態を観察しながら、回転数を適宜変えて実施した。
【0027】
この際、ブラシ6a及び6bの回転数の比を1対3から1対1まで変えて分離の状態を観察した。ブラシ6a及び6bの回転数の比を1対1.5とした場合、引き裂きによるカイコ表皮の損傷が最も少なく、絹糸腺との分離は極めて良好であった。他の回転比の場合には、カイコ表皮の破砕される割合がやや多くなり、絹糸腺との分離はやや悪かった。カイコ体内に残存する絹糸腺の張り付き程度は、引き裂き効果によって緩和されることがわかった。
ブラシ8からの遠心力による分離物は、飛散距離が短いため、カイコ表皮と絹糸腺の混在割合が比較的多かった。そのため、その後の分離プロセスにおいては、分離の効率を良くし、表皮及び絹糸腺の搬送速度を速くするため、以下述べるように、篩い手段とエアーブローとの複合方式での分離を行った。
【0028】
第一段目破砕ユニットから送り出された粉体や、細かい表皮破片や、絹糸腺小片を、第一分離板9上に落下させ、シリンダー式DCサーボモーターの揺動動作によって下流側へ搬送せしめた。粉体と絹糸腺との小片を、落下慣性作用によりガイドプレート15の傾斜板に当て、粉体と絹糸腺小片とに分離せしめた。
ブラシ8で遠心分離された表皮と絹糸腺とを、篩い手段16及び篩い手段17によって、表皮、絹糸腺、混在する粉体に分離せしめた。篩い手段16及び篩い手段17は振動用シリンダー式DCサーボモーター26により揺動せしめた。篩い手段17において、エアーノズル18から噴射するエアーを使用して、表皮と絹糸腺とを分離せしめた。篩い手段16で分離されなかった表皮と絹糸腺とは、第二分離板の最後部直下に取り付けたガイドプレート19の傾斜板に落下して突き当てさせ、エアーノズル20からのエアーの噴射によって、表皮と絹糸腺とに分離せしめた。
【0029】
上記のようにして分離された残渣粉体、表皮及び絹糸腺を、それぞれ、装置1の下方に設けた粉体回収容器、表皮回収容器及び絹糸腺回収容器へ導き、回収した。
以上の操作・制御は、装置1の前面下方に配設した制御盤Bを介して行った。
【0030】
【発明の効果】
本発明の昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置によれば、第一ブラシ部材乃至第三ブラシ部材を設け、これらブラシ手段の回転数を適宜選択することにより、さらには第一分離板乃至第三分離板やエアーノズル手段を適宜配置することにより、昆虫の表皮及び内部器官を分離・選別する際の作業を効率よく機械化することができる。
本発明の分離・選別方法によれば、上記装置を用いるので、昆虫の表皮及び内部器官を効率よく分離・選別することができる。例えば、カイコ幼虫死骸から、表皮(クチクラ)と絹糸腺(絹タンパク質の貯蔵器官)を効率よく分離・回収することができるので、キチン、絹タンパク質資源としてカイコ幼虫死骸の再利用が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施の形態である分離・分別装置の構成例を示す、一部断面図を含む正面図。
【図2】図1に示す装置の側面図。
【図3】図1に示す装置の平面図。
【符号の説明】
1 分離・選別装置 2 ホッパー
3 第一ガイド手段(ガイドプレート) 4 揺動ドライバー
5 第二ガイド手段(ガイドプレート) 6 第一ブラシ手段
6a、6b ブラシ 7 第二ブラシ手段(ブラシ)
8 第三ブラシ手段(ブラシ) 9 第一分離板
10 第二分離板 11 第三分離板
12 粉体回収容器 13 表皮回収容器
14a 内部器官回収容器 14b 表皮・内部器官破片回収容器
15 第四ガイド手段(ガイドプレート)16 第一篩い手段
17 第二篩い手段 18 第一エアーノズル手段
19 第三ガイド手段(ガイドプレート)20 第二エアーノズル手段
A 被処理物 21 揺動ドライバー用モーター
22 ブラシ6a用モーター 23 ブラシ6b用モーター
24 ブラシ7用モーター 25 ブラシ8用モーター
26 振動用シリンダー式DCサーボモーター
B 制御盤
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for separating / sorting insect waste or carcass, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for separating / sorting epidermis, internal organs, and residual powder from insect waste or carcass. Here, the insect waste or carcass means the insect itself or its carcass, for example, an insect or its carcass after collecting useful substances. Residual powder means powder such as epidermis and internal organs.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, insect wastes or carcasses have been separated and recovered into two types, epidermis and internal organs, using sieves with different meshes. In this case, the powder in the waste or carcass was collected using a commercially available electromagnetic sieve shaker. Further, the sieving work for separating the epidermis from the internal organs has been performed manually.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventional selection of epidermis and internal organs from insect waste or carcass by hand has the following problems.
(1) Sorting work requires a long time and a large amount of human labor.
(2) The work efficiency decreases due to the simple work.
(3) Due to the fine work, the worker is fatigued.
(4) Since the powder rises during the work, there is a risk that the worker may inhale the dust. Therefore, it is necessary to wear dust-proof clothing and a dust-proof mask so as not to inhale dust, which causes discomfort to the worker during the work season, particularly in summer.
(5) Insect waste or carcass odor adheres to clothing and body.
(6) Separation of powder by sieving and selection of the epidermis and internal organs are separate operations, and this division of labor is one factor that takes time.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and by separating and sorting the epidermis, internal organs and residual powder from insect waste or carcass easily and efficiently by mechanizing the sorting operation. To provide a separation / sorting apparatus and a separation / sorting method.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus according to the present invention is a hopper into which the object to be processed is charged, and its lower part functions as a first guide means for guiding the object to be processed. A second hopper for guiding a workpiece from the hopper, a first brush member comprising two brushes engaged with each other provided at a downstream end of the second guide means, A second brush member provided on the downstream side of the first brush member and meshed with the at least one brush; a third brush member provided on the downstream side of the second brush member and meshed with the second brush member; [0006]
The separation / sorting device of the present invention further includes a swing driver for swinging the first guide means, and the second guide means is configured at least partially in a mesh shape, The brush member is configured to sandwich an object to be processed between two brushes and tear the epidermis of the object to be processed to separate internal organs from the epidermis, and the second brush member includes the first brush is configured to crushing fracture separation was sent from member, said third brush member, utilizing the difference in specific gravity crushed sent from the second brush member epidermis, internal organs, and the residual渣粉body And centrifuge.
[0007]
In the separation / sorting device of the present invention, the first separation plate, the second separation plate, and the third separation plate are sequentially arranged at intervals on the downstream side of the third brush member. The two separation plates are configured so that the height thereof can be adjusted. The first separation plate is centrifuged by the residual powder falling from the upstream side of the third brush member and the third brush member. The residual powder is received and guided to a powder collection container disposed below the apparatus, and the second separation plate has an upper end portion than the first separation plate. The upper surface of the first separation plate is received by the epidermis that is centrifugally separated by the third brush member, and is guided to the epidermis collection container disposed below the device. The third separation plate is centrifuged by the third brush member, and the third separation plate is It receives the internal organs coming jump over the upper end of the second separation plate, and is configured to direct to the internal organs collecting container disposed below the device.
[0008]
In the separation / separation apparatus of the present invention, the second separation plate is provided with a first sieving means, is centrifuged by the third brush member, and a residual powder mixed with an outer skin falling on the second separation plate; Is separated by the first sieving means, and the third separation plate is provided with second sieving means, is centrifuged by the third brush member, and falls onto the third separation plate The internal organs and mixed epidermis are separated.
In the separation / separation apparatus of the present invention, a first air nozzle means is provided in the vicinity of the downstream side of the third separation plate, and the skin separated by the third separation plate is guided to the second separation plate and separated. The internal organs are configured to be guided downstream.
[0009]
In the separation / sorting apparatus of the present invention, the second air nozzle means is provided near the downstream side of the second separation plate below the first air nozzle means, and the downstream side of the second separation plate is directly below the second separation plate. An inclined plate of the third guide means having a predetermined angle with respect to the falling direction of the fallen object from the second separation plate is provided, and the second separation is performed without being separated by the first sieving means provided on the second separation plate. The epidermis falling from the plate and the mixed internal organs abut against the third guide means and are separated by jetting air from the second air nozzle means.
[0010]
In separation and sorting apparatus of the present invention, as part of the first separation plate serves as an inductive guide means, a hopper is the lower part serves as a first guide means for guiding an object to be processed, the from the hopper A mesh-like portion provided between a first brush member comprising two brushes engaged with each other provided at a downstream end portion of a second guide means for guiding a processed material, and the first brush member to the first brush member three brush member including out ratio comparatively small skin debris and internal organs debris of the first fine you fall into the separation plate coat fragment and internal organs debris containing residual渣粉body from powder, the induction guide means And is guided into a powder collection container disposed below the means , and a fourth guide means is provided below the guide guide means, and the fourth guide means allows the fine epidermal fragments and internal organs to be provided. Contained debris Powder containing a relatively large skin debris and internal organs debris of渣粉body, further a remaining渣粉body containing relatively fine coat fragment and internal organs, including the relatively large skin debris and internal organs debris The powder is separated into residual powder, the former is guided into the powder collection container, and the latter is guided into the epidermis and internal organ fragments collection container adjacent to the powder collection container.
[0011]
The separation / selection method of the present invention is a method for separating / selecting the epidermis, internal organs, and residual powder from insect waste or carcass that is the object to be processed, and putting the object to be processed into a hopper, The object to be processed is swung and guided to a first brush means comprising two brushes engaged with each other, and sandwiched between the brushes to tear the epidermis of the object to be processed to separate internal organs from the epidermis. and, crushed sent further to the second brush means and the separated epidermis and internal organs, then further crushed sent to the third brush means, by the rotation of said third brush member, the table skin, internal organs, And the residual powder is centrifuged using the difference in specific gravity, and the separated residual powder is guided into the powder recovery container through the first separator, and the separated skin is passed through the second separator. induced into the epidermis collecting container, also the third minute the separated internal organs Induced into the internal organ recovery container via a plate, and recovering the skin, internal organs, the remaining渣粉body.
[0012]
In the separation / selection method of the present invention, a mesh-like portion provided between the hopper and the first brush member, and a fine skin falling from the first brush member to the third brush member onto the first separation plate Of the residual powder containing debris and internal organ debris, the powder containing relatively fine skin debris and internal organ debris is guided and collected through a guiding guide means into a powder collection container, and the mesh Powder containing relatively large epidermis fragments and internal organ fragments among residual powders including fine epidermis fragments and internal organ fragments falling from the first and third brush members to the first separating plate the body, induces through the induction guide means causes repelled against a fourth guide means provided below the said induction guide means, a remaining渣粉body containing more relatively fine coat fragment and internal organs, relatively Large epidermis debris and internal organs Separated into inclusive and residual渣粉body debris, the former induces the powder recovery container to recover by inducing the latter to the powder coat fragments adjacent to the collection container and internal organs debris collection container.
[0013]
In the separation / selection method of the present invention, the third separation plate separates the epidermis from the internal organs dropped onto the separation plate and the mixed epidermis, and the separated epidermis is provided near the downstream side of the third separation plate. the first air nozzle means and guided to said second separator plate, it is recovered by inducing into the epidermis recovery container through said second separator plate, also from the separation plate without being separated by said second separating plate The second air nozzle means provided in the vicinity of the downstream side of the second separation plate by abutting the falling epidermis and the mixed internal organ against the inclined plate of the third guide means provided immediately downstream of the second separation plate It is separated into the epidermis and internal organs by jetting air from and then guided to the respective collection containers and collected.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, an embodiment of a separation / sorting device for insect waste or carcass (hereinafter referred to as “insect waste” or “object to be treated”) according to the present invention, and a separation / sorting method. The embodiment will be described.
FIG. 1 is a front view including a partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of an insect waste separation / sorting apparatus. 2 and 3 are a side view and a plan view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, respectively.
[0015]
1 to 3, a hopper 2 for placing dried insect waste A, which is an object to be processed, is disposed in a rectangular lidded separation / sorting device 1, and a lower portion of the hopper. Is composed of a guide plate 3 having a slope on the downstream side that functions as a first guide means, and the guide plate 3 is swung by a swinging (vibrating) driver 4 connected to a motor so that an object A to be processed is predetermined. It is comprised so that it may move downstream with the speed of. The driving method of the guide plate 3 is not limited as long as it gives vibration, but for example, a motor drive (oscillation cylinder type DC servo motor) or the like is preferable from the viewpoint of conveyance efficiency. Further, the device 1 is preferably made of an aluminum mold, and its front surface portion is preferably made of a transparent resin (for example, PET resin) having excellent processability. This is because the state in the apparatus can be observed during the separation / sorting operation. The swing driver 4 is driven by a swing driver motor 21 shown in FIG.
[0016]
On the downstream side of the hopper 2, a guide plate 5 is disposed as second guide means for receiving the workpiece A dropped from the guide plate 3 by swinging. The upstream end portion of the guide plate 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the separating / sorting device 1, and the downstream side thereof is curved upward, and is composed of two brushes 6 a and 6 b meshing with the curved end portion. A first brush member 6 is installed. The dropped processing object A is sandwiched between the brushes 6a and 6b through the guide plate 5, and separated into the epidermis and internal organs while being torn by the rotation of each brush.
[0017]
The meshing state of the brushes 6a and 6b is adjusted depending on the type and shape of the workpiece A, and is appropriately set so that the workpiece can be efficiently separated. When the rotation of the brush 6a and the brush 6b is the same speed, the skin of the object to be processed is only crushed, but the skin of the object A to be processed is driven by driving the brush 6a and the brush 6b at different rotational speeds. The internal organs remaining in the object to be processed can be separated from the epidermis. The number of rotations of the brushes 6a and 6b may be set within a range in which the epidermis can be torn and the epidermis and the internal organs can be separated according to the state of the workpiece A. For example, the standard rotation speed is set to about 300 rpm for the brush 6a and about 100 rpm for the brush 6b, and this rotation speed is appropriately changed while observing the tearing state of the epidermis and the separation state of the epidermis and internal organs. Just do it. Further, the degree of tearing of the workpiece skin due to the difference in the number of rotations of the brushes 6a and 6b varies to some extent due to the difference in hardness between these brushes.
[0018]
The epidermis and internal organs thus separated are sent to the brush 7 which is a second brush member provided so as to mesh with the brush 6a, for example, and crushed. The meshing state of the brush 6a and the brush 7 is appropriately adjusted so that the separated material can be efficiently crushed by adjusting the shape of the separated material sent from the first brush member 6 and the like. The epidermis and internal organs entangled with the brush 6a are scooped by the rotation of the brush 7, and sent to the brush 8 which is a third brush member provided in mesh with the brush 7 on the downstream side of the brush 7 and further crushed. The brush 8 is configured to centrifuge the crushed material sent from the brush 7 into the epidermis, internal organs, and residual powder by utilizing the difference in specific gravity. The epidermis and internal organs sent to the brush 8 are scattered forward by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the brush 8. Since the separation by such centrifugal force has a short scattering distance, the mixture ratio of the epidermis and internal organs of the object to be processed is relatively large. Therefore, if the subsequent separation process is performed only by vibration, the transport speed of the epidermis and internal organs of the object to be processed is slowed and the separation efficiency is low. Therefore, the separation after tearing by the brush 6a and the brush 6b is as described below. , Using a combination of sieve and air blow.
[0019]
The number of rotations of the brush 7 may be set within a range in which the epidermis and internal organs entangled with the brush 6a can be scooped and the separated material sent can be efficiently crushed. For example, the rotation speed is set to about 300 rpm as the standard rotation speed, and the rotation speed is appropriately changed while observing the crushing state. Moreover, what is necessary is just to set the rotation speed of the brush 8 in the range which can centrifuge the crushed material sent from the brush 7 efficiently. For example, the standard set rotational speed may be set to around 1400 rpm, and the rotational speed may be appropriately changed while observing the separation state.
The brushes 6a, 6b, 7 and 8 are rotated by brush motors 22, 23, 24 and 25 as shown in FIGS. Further, the material of these brushes is not particularly limited, and may be a hard plastic such as vinyl chloride.
[0020]
In order to separate the epidermis, internal organs and residual powders centrifuged as described above, the first separation plate 9, the second separation plate 10 and the third separation are arranged downstream of the brush 8 and spaced from the brush 8. A plate 11 is arranged.
The first separation plate 9 receives the residual powder centrifuged by the brush 8 and the residual powder falling from the upstream side of the brush 8, and this powder is disposed below the apparatus 1 on the downstream side of the separation plate 9. It is comprised so that it may guide | invade to the powder-recovery container 12 made. The height of the vertical portion of the first separation plate 9 can be adjusted as appropriate, and the height is set to a height at which the residual powder centrifuged by the brush 8 can be received. . The tip of the vertical part is bent to make it easier to receive the centrifugally separated residual powder. On the first separation plate 9, residual powder generated from the first brush member 6, fine skin fragments and internal organ fragments also fall, and the first separation plate is moved by a swinging operation of a cylinder type DC servo motor or the like. 9 is conveyed downstream along the inclined portion 9.
[0021]
The height of the vertical part of the second separation plate 10 can be adjusted. The height of the second separation plate 10 is appropriately set so as to be higher than that of the first separation plate 9, and the epidermis centrifuged with the brush 8. And is guided to the skin collection container 13 disposed below the apparatus 1 on the downstream side of the separation plate 10. The tip of the vertical part is bent, making it easier to receive a separation mainly composed of the centrifuged epidermis. The second separating plate 10 is provided with a first sieving means 16 that can be swung by a swinging means at the inclined portion, and separates the epidermis and the internal organs mixed together. The first sieving means 16 is driven by, for example, a sieving vibration cylinder type DC servo motor 26 shown in FIGS.
[0022]
The third separation plate 11 receives a separation mainly composed of the internal organs centrifuged by the brush 8, and this internal organ is disposed below the device 1 on the downstream side along the inclined portion of the separation plate. It is comprised so that it may guide to the made internal organ collection container 14a. The third separating plate 11 is provided with second sieving means 17 that can be swung by rocking means, and separates the internal organs from the internal epidermis. The second sieving means 17 is driven by, for example, a sieving vibration cylinder type DC servo motor 26 shown in FIGS.
In addition, the mesh-shaped portion of the guide plate 5 and the residual powder falling from the first separating plate 9 due to the drop inertia action and the skin and the small pieces of the internal organs are fixed to the inner wall of the apparatus 1 below the guide plate 5. It hits the slanted plate of the guide plate 15 as the fourth guide means and is bounced to separate the residual powder from the epidermis and the small pieces of the internal organs, adjacent to the powder recovery container 12 and the powder recovery container, respectively. Then, it is guided to the epidermis / internal organ collection container 14b and collected.
[0023]
As described above, the epidermis and internal organs centrifuged by the brush 8 are separated into residual powder, epidermis and internal organs by the first sieving means 16 and the second sieving means 17. In the second sieving means 17, the internal organs and the epidermis mixed are separated. At that time, it is attached to the wall surface of the apparatus 1 via an air nozzle holder, and is injected from the first air nozzle means 18 provided extending to the vicinity of the downstream side of the third separation plate, and mixed with internal organs. It is comprised so that the isolation | separation precision with the epidermis to improve. The mixed skin separated by the third separator 11 is guided to the second separator 10 by the first air nozzle means 18. The epidermis and mixed internal organs that have not been separated by the sieving means 16 fall on the inclined plate of the guide plate 19 that is the third guide means attached directly below the rearmost part of the second separation plate 9 and hit the guide plate 19. It is separated into the epidermis and internal organs by the air jetted from the second air nozzle means 20 provided so that the nozzle tip is arranged in the vicinity, and is recovered into the epidermal collection container 13 and the internal organ recovery container 14a, respectively. The
[0024]
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the insect waste separation / sorting device described above can be operated and controlled by arranging a control panel B at a predetermined position below the front surface thereof. It is preferable to do.
The insect waste to be treated by the apparatus of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, dead silkworm larvae, beetles, shrimp and glass shrimp after collecting body fluids containing useful substances can be used. For example, silkworm larvae contain a large amount of biomaterials such as chitin, which is the main component of cuticle, and silk protein in the silk gland. Using the apparatus of the present invention, the epidermis (cuticle) and silk gland Since (silk protein storage organ) can be separated and recovered, silkworm larvae dead bodies can be reused as chitin and silk protein resources.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described using a silkworm larva carcass with reference to the drawings.
The dead silkworm larvae after collecting body fluids containing useful substances were sterilized in an autoclave at 121 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then dried with hot air. The dried silkworm larvae A was put into the hopper 1. The silkworm larvae fell on the guide plate 3 to which the swinging driver 4 as a vibration unit was attached, and moved on the inclined guide plate 3 by a motor drive (a swinging cylinder type DC servo motor). The moved silkworm larva A was guided to the first stage crushing unit (consisting of a hard brush 6a and a brush 6b). The silk gland which is an internal organ remaining in the silkworm larvae was separated while tearing the epidermis of the silkworm larvae A sandwiched between the brushes 6a and 6b by the rotation of these brushes. In this case, the silk glands solidified by the drying process remaining in the silkworm body by tearing the epidermis of the silkworm larva body by operating the brushes 6a and 6b at different predetermined rotational speeds by the brush motors 22 and 23. Was separated from the epidermis. At this time, the standard rotational speed of the brush 6a is set to 300 rpm, the standard rotational speed of the brush 6b is set to 100 rpm, and the rotational speed is appropriately changed while observing the tearing state of the silkworm larva carcass and the separation state of the silk gland. Carried out.
[0026]
The separated epidermis and silk glands were fed into the brush 7 driven by the brush motor 24. The epidermis and silk glands entangled with the brush 6 a were scooped by the rotation of the brush 7 and sent to the brush 8 driven by the brush motor 25. The epidermis and silk glands sent to the brush 8 were further crushed and scattered forward by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the brush 8. At this time, the standard rotation speed of the brush 7 was set to 300 rpm, the standard rotation speed of the brush 8 was set to 1400 rpm, and the rotation speed was appropriately changed while observing the separation state.
[0027]
At this time, the state of separation was observed by changing the ratio of the rotational speeds of the brushes 6a and 6b from 1: 3 to 1: 1. When the ratio of the rotational speeds of the brushes 6a and 6b was 1: 1.5, the silkworm epidermis was hardly damaged by tearing, and separation from the silk gland was extremely good. In the case of other rotation ratios, the ratio of silkworm epidermis to be crushed was slightly increased, and the separation from the silk gland was slightly worse. It was found that the degree of sticking of the silk gland remaining in the silkworm body was alleviated by the tearing effect.
Since the separation by the centrifugal force from the brush 8 has a short scattering distance, the mixing ratio of the silkworm epidermis and the silk gland was relatively large. Therefore, in the subsequent separation process, in order to improve the separation efficiency and increase the transport speed of the epidermis and silk glands, separation was performed in a combined manner of sieving means and air blow as described below.
[0028]
The powder, fine skin pieces, and silk gland pieces sent out from the first stage crushing unit were dropped on the first separation plate 9 and conveyed downstream by the swinging motion of the cylinder type DC servo motor. . Small pieces of the powder and silk gland were applied to the inclined plate of the guide plate 15 by a drop inertia action, and separated into powder and silk gland pieces.
The epidermis and silk glands centrifuged with the brush 8 were separated into the epidermis, silk glands and mixed powder by the sieving means 16 and the sieving means 17. The sieving means 16 and the sieving means 17 were swung by a vibrating cylinder type DC servo motor 26. In the sieving means 17, air sprayed from the air nozzle 18 was used to separate the epidermis and the silk gland. The epidermis and silk glands that have not been separated by the sieving means 16 fall and abut against the inclined plate of the guide plate 19 attached just below the rearmost part of the second separation plate, and by jetting air from the air nozzle 20, The epidermis and silk glands were separated.
[0029]
The residual powder, epidermis and silk gland separated as described above were led to a powder collection container, an epidermis collection container and a silk gland collection container provided below the apparatus 1, respectively, and collected.
The above operation / control was performed via the control panel B disposed below the front surface of the apparatus 1.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
According to the insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus of the present invention, the first brush member to the third brush member are provided, and the number of rotations of the brush means is appropriately selected, and further, the first separator plate to the first brush member are selected. By appropriately arranging the three separation plates and the air nozzle means, it is possible to efficiently mechanize the work for separating and sorting the insect epidermis and internal organs.
According to the separation / selection method of the present invention, since the above apparatus is used, the epidermis and internal organs of insects can be efficiently separated and selected. For example, since the epidermis (cuticle) and silk gland (silk protein storage organ) can be efficiently separated and collected from the silkworm larvae, the silkworm larvae can be reused as chitin and silk protein resources.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view including a partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a separation / sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus shown in FIG.
3 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Separation / sorting device 2 Hopper 3 First guide means (guide plate) 4 Oscillating driver 5 Second guide means (guide plate) 6 First brush means 6a, 6b Brush 7 Second brush means (brush)
8 Third brush means (brush) 9 First separation plate 10 Second separation plate 11 Third separation plate 12 Powder collection container 13 Epidermis collection container 14a Internal organ collection container 14b Epidermis / internal organ debris collection container 15 Fourth guide means (Guide plate) 16 First sieving means 17 Second sieving means 18 First air nozzle means 19 Third guide means (guide plate) 20 Second air nozzle means A Workpiece 21 Motor for swing driver 22 Motor for brush 6a 23 Motor for Brush 6b 24 Motor for Brush 7 25 Motor for Brush 8 26 Cylinder DC Servo Motor B for Vibration Control Panel

Claims (10)

被処理物である昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置であって、該被処理物を投入するための、下方部分が該被処理物を誘導する第一ガイド手段として機能するホッパーと、該ホッパーから被処理物を誘導するための第二ガイド手段と、該第二ガイド手段の下流側端部に設けられた互いに噛み合った二つのブラシからなる第一ブラシ部材と、該第一ブラシ部材の下流側に、その少なくとも一つのブラシに噛み合って設けられた第二ブラシ部材と、該第二ブラシ部材の下流側に第二ブラシ部材に噛み合って設けられた第三ブラシ部材とを備えたことを特徴とする昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置。An apparatus for separating / sorting insect waste or carcass that is an object to be processed, wherein a lower part for feeding the object to be processed functions as a first guide means for guiding the object to be processed; A second guide means for guiding an object to be processed from the hopper, a first brush member comprising two brushes engaged with each other provided at a downstream end of the second guide means, and A second brush member provided on the downstream side and engaged with the at least one brush; and a third brush member provided on the downstream side of the second brush member and engaged with the second brush member. Characteristic insect waste or carcass separation / sorting device. 請求項1記載の昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置において、該分離・選別装置はさらに、該第一ガイド手段を揺動するための揺動ドライバーを備えており、該第二ガイド手段は、その少なくとも一部がメッシュ状に構成され、該第一ブラシ部材は、被処理物を二つのブラシの間に挟み込んで該被処理物の表皮を引き裂いて体内の内部器官を表皮と分離するように構成され、該第二ブラシ部材は、該第一ブラシ部材から送られた分離物を破砕するように構成され、該第三ブラシ部材は、該第二ブラシ部材から送られた破砕物を表皮、内部器官、及び残渣粉体に比重差を利用して遠心分離するように構成されたことを特徴とする分離・選別装置。2. The insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the separation / sorting apparatus further comprises a rocking driver for rocking the first guide means, The first brush member is configured so as to separate the internal organs from the epidermis by sandwiching the object to be processed between two brushes and tearing the epidermis of the object to be processed. The second brush member is configured to crush the separated material sent from the first brush member, and the third brush member is configured to crush the crushed material sent from the second brush member. A separation / sorting device configured to centrifuge the internal organs and the residual powder using a specific gravity difference. 請求項1又は2記載の昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置において、該第三ブラシ部材の下流側に、間隔を置いて順番に第一分離板、第二分離板及び第三分離板を配置し、該第一分離板と第二分離板とはその高さが調節できるように構成され、該第一分離板は、該第三ブラシ部材の上流側から落下する残渣粉体及び該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離された残渣粉体を受け取って、該装置の下方に配設された粉体回収容器へと誘導するように構成され、また、該第二分離板は、その上端部分が該第一分離板よりも高くなるように構成され、該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離され、該第一分離板の上端を飛び越えてくる表皮を受け取って、該装置の下方に配設された表皮回収容器へと誘導するように構成され、また、該第三分離板は、該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離され、該第二分離板の上端を飛び越えてくる内部器官を受け取って、該装置の下方に配設された内部器官回収容器へと誘導するように構成されたことを特徴とする分離・選別装置。The insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first separation plate, the second separation plate, and the third separation plate are sequentially arranged at intervals on the downstream side of the third brush member. The first separator plate and the second separator plate are configured such that their heights can be adjusted, and the first separator plate includes residual powder falling from the upstream side of the third brush member and the first separator plate. It is configured to receive the residual powder centrifuged by the three brush members and guide it to a powder collection container disposed below the apparatus, and the second separator has an upper end portion. An epidermis that is configured to be higher than the first separator plate, is centrifuged by the third brush member, jumps over the upper end of the first separator plate, and is disposed below the device. The third separation plate is configured to guide to a recovery container, and the third separator is the third brush member Separation / characteristics characterized in that it is configured to receive an internal organ that is centrifuged and jumps over the upper end of the second separation plate, and guides it to an internal organ recovery container disposed below the device. Sorting device. 請求項3記載の昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置において、該第二分離板は、第一篩い手段を備え、該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離され、該第二分離板上に落下する表皮と混在する残渣粉体とが該第一篩い手段で分離されるように構成され、また、該第三分離板は、第二篩い手段を備え、該第三ブラシ部材で遠心分離され、該第三分離板上に落下する内部器官と混在する表皮とが分離されるように構成されたことを特徴とする分離・選別装置。4. The insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the second separation plate includes first sieving means, is centrifuged by the third brush member, and falls onto the second separation plate. It is configured so that the residual powder mixed with the skin is separated by the first sieving means, and the third separation plate is provided with second sieving means, and is centrifuged by the third brush member, A separation / sorting device configured to separate an internal organ falling on a third separation plate and a mixed epidermis. 請求項3又は4記載の昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置において、該第三分離板の下流側近傍に第一エアーノズル手段を設け、該第三分離板で分離された表皮が該第二分離板へと誘導され、分離された内部器官は下流へと誘導されるように構成されたことを特徴とする分離・選別装置。The insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a first air nozzle means is provided in the vicinity of the downstream side of the third separation plate, and the epidermis separated by the third separation plate is the first separation plate. 2. A separation / sorting device configured to be guided to two separation plates, and the separated internal organs to be guided downstream. 請求項5記載の昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置において、該第一エアーノズル手段の下方で該第二分離板の下流側近傍に第二エアーノズル手段を設け、また、該第二分離板の下流側直下に、該第二分離板からの落下物の落下方向に対して所定の角度をもった第三ガイド手段の傾斜板を設け、該第二分離板に設けた第一篩い手段で分離されずに第二分離板から落下する表皮及び混在した内部器官が該第三ガイド手段に突き当たり、該第二エアーノズル手段からのエアーの噴射によって分離されるように構成されたことを特徴とする分離・選別装置。6. An insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a second air nozzle means is provided in the vicinity of the downstream side of the second separation plate below the first air nozzle means, and the second separation. A first sieving means provided on the second separator plate is provided immediately below the plate with an inclined plate of third guide means having a predetermined angle with respect to the falling direction of the fallen object from the second separator plate. The epidermis and mixed internal organs falling from the second separation plate without being separated at the end face the third guide means, and are separated by jetting air from the second air nozzle means Separation / sorting device. 請求項3〜6のいずれかに記載の昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別装置において、該第一分離板の一部が誘導ガイド手段として機能するようにし、下方部分が被処理物を誘導する第一ガイド手段として機能するホッパーと該ホッパーから被処理物を誘導するための第二ガイド手段の下流側端部に設けられた互いに噛み合った二つのブラシからなる第一ブラシ部材との間に設けられたメッシュ状部分及び該第一ブラシ部材乃至第三ブラシ部材から該第一分離板へと落下する細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残 渣粉体のうち比較的細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ粉体が、該誘導ガイド手段を経て該手段の下方に配設された粉体回収容器内へ誘導され、また、該誘導ガイド手段の下方に第四ガイド手段を設け、この第四ガイド手段により、該細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体のうち比較的大きい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ粉体、さらに比較的細かい表皮破片や内部器官を含んだ残渣粉体と、比較的大きい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体とに分離され、前者が粉体回収容器内へ誘導され、後者が該粉体回収容器に隣接する表皮破片及び内部器官破片回収容器内へ誘導されるように構成されたことを特徴とする分離・選別装置。The insect waste or carcass separation / sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein a part of the first separation plate functions as a guiding guide means, and a lower part guides an object to be processed. a hopper which acts as a first guide means, between the first brush member comprising two brush interdigitated provided downstream end of the second guide means for guiding the object to be processed from the hopper among ratio comparatively small skin pieces of provided mesh-like portion and said first brush member or residual 渣粉body containing fine coat fragment and internal organs debris fall from the third brush member to said first separating plate And the powder containing internal organ debris is guided through the guide guide means into a powder collection container disposed below the means , and a fourth guide means is provided below the guide guide means. , this fourth guide means More, the powder containing a relatively large skin debris and internal organs debris out of the containing fine coat fragment and internal organs debris remaining渣粉body, further a remaining渣粉body containing relatively fine coat fragment and internal organs , Separated into residual powder containing relatively large epidermal debris and internal organ debris, the former is guided into the powder collection container, and the latter is the epidermal debris and internal organ debris collection container adjacent to the powder collection container Separation / sorting device characterized by being guided inward. 被処理物である昆虫廃棄物又は死骸から表皮、内部器官、及び残渣粉体を分離・選別する方法であって、該被処理物をホッパー内へ投入し、該被処理物を揺動して、互いに噛み合った二つのブラシからなる第一ブラシ手段へ誘導し、該ブラシの間に挟み込んで該被処理物の表皮を引き裂いて体内の内部器官を表皮と分離し、分離された表皮と内部器官とをさらに第二ブラシ手段へ送って破砕し、次いで、第三ブラシ手段へ送ってさらに破砕し、該第三ブラシ部材の回転により、表皮、内部器官、及び残渣粉体を比重差を利用して遠心分離し、分離された残渣粉体を第一分離板を経て粉体回収容器内へ誘導し、また、分離された表皮を第二分離板を経て表皮回収容器内へ誘導し、また、分離された内部器官を第三分離板を経て内部器官回収容器内へ誘導し、表皮、内部器官、残渣粉体を回収することを特徴とする昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別方法。A method for separating and sorting the epidermis, internal organs, and residual powder from insect waste or carcass that is a treatment object, and placing the treatment object into a hopper and swinging the treatment object The first brush means composed of two brushes engaged with each other, sandwiched between the brushes, tearing the epidermis of the object to be treated to separate the internal organs from the epidermis, and the separated epidermis and internal organs crushed sent further to the second brush means bets, then further crushed sent to the third brush means, used by the rotation of said third brush member, the table skin, internal organs, and the difference in specific gravity residual渣粉body and centrifuged, the separated residual渣粉body through the first separation plate induced into the powder recovery container, also the separated epidermis through the second separation plate induced into the epidermis collection container, also The separated internal organ is passed through the third separation plate and the internal organ collection container Induced, skin, internal organs, insect waste or carcasses separating and sorting method, and recovering the remaining渣粉body to. 請求項8記載の昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別方法において、該ホッパーと該第一ブラシ部材との間に設けられたメッシュ状部分及び該第一ブラシ部材乃至第三ブラシ部材から該第一分離板へと落下する細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体のうち比較的細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ粉体を、誘導ガイド手段を経て粉体回収容器内へ誘導して回収し、また、該メッシュ状部分及び第一ブラシ部材乃至第三ブラシ部材から該第一分離板へと落下する細かい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体のうち比較的大きな表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ粉体を、該誘導ガイド手段を経て誘導し、該誘導ガイド手段の下方に設けた第四ガイド手段に当てて弾かせ、さらに比較的細かい表皮破片や内部器官を含んだ残渣粉体と、比較的大きい表皮破片や内部器官破片を含んだ残渣粉体とに分離し、前者を粉体回収容器内へ誘導し、後者を該粉体回収容器に隣接する表皮破片及び内部器官破片回収容器内へ誘導して回収することを特徴とする分離・選別方法。9. The method for separating and sorting insect waste or carcass according to claim 8, wherein the first portion includes a mesh-like portion provided between the hopper and the first brush member and the first brush member to the third brush member. the powder containing relatively fine coat fragment and internal organs debris of a fine skin debris and residual渣粉body including internal organs debris falling into the separation plate, through the induction guide means is directed into the powder recovery container And a relatively large epidermal fragment of the residual powder containing fine epidermal debris and internal organ debris falling from the mesh portion and the first brush member to the third brush member to the first separating plate the powder containing or internal organs debris induced through the induction guide means causes repelled against a fourth guide means provided below the said induction guide means further comprise a relatively small skin pieces and internal organs Residue powder and Separated into a relatively large coat fragment and internal organs debris containing residual渣粉body, the former induces the powder recovery vessel, epidermal debris adjacent the latter to the powder recovery container and internal organs debris collection container Separation / selection method, characterized in that it is collected after being guided to 請求項8記載の昆虫廃棄物又は死骸の分離・選別方法において、該第三分離板でこの分離板上に落下した内部器官及び混在する表皮から表皮を分離し、分離した表皮を該第三分離板の下流側近傍に設けた第一エアーノズル手段により該第二分離板へ誘導し、該第二分離板を経て表皮回収容器内へ誘導して回収すること、また、該第二分離板で分離されずにこの分離板から落下する表皮及び混在した内部器官を、該第二分離板の下流側直下に設けた第三ガイド手段の傾斜板に突き当て、該第二分離板の下流側近傍に設けた第二エアーノズル手段からのエアーの噴射により表皮と内部器官とに分離し、それぞれの回収容器へ誘導して回収することを特徴とする分離・選別方法。9. The method for separating and sorting insect waste or carcass according to claim 8, wherein the third separation plate separates the epidermis from internal organs and mixed epidermis that have fallen on the separation plate, and the separated epidermis is separated into the third separation plate. the first air nozzle means provided in the vicinity of the downstream side of the plate and guided to said second separator plate, through said second separator plate is recovered by inducing into the epidermis recovery container that, also in said second separating plate The epidermis and mixed internal organs that fall from the separation plate without being separated are abutted against the inclined plate of the third guide means provided immediately downstream of the second separation plate, and in the vicinity of the downstream side of the second separation plate Separation / selection method characterized by separating into epidermis and internal organs by jetting air from second air nozzle means provided in, and guiding them to respective collection containers for collection.
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