JP3626747B2

JP3626747B2 - Joining structure for building components and method for joining building components

Info

Publication number: JP3626747B2
Application number: JP2002251583A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 勇矢原
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-08-29
Filing date: 2002-08-29
Publication date: 2005-03-09
Anticipated expiration: 2022-08-29
Also published as: JP2004092058A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は建築用構成部材の接合構造及び建築用構成部材の接合方法に関する。
更に詳しくは、木材等の建築用構成部材の接合に関し、接合部材が建築用構成部材の表面から露出せず、建築用構成部材同士の接合を強固な状態で維持できるようにしたものに関する。
【０００２】
【従来技術】
従来の木造建築では、木材（例えば梁や桁等の横架材と柱材等）の接合構造として、蟻継、鎌継，竿継等の「継手」と称される伝統的な接合方法が採用されていた。しかしながら、これら継手による接合では、作業者の熟練した技術が必要であり、木材の複雑な切り込みや接合に時間と手間がかかる等の問題があった。このため、近年では、これらの接合をボルトやナット等の接合金具で行う方法が盛んになってきている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、現代建築においては、天井板を張らずに、梁等の木材の骨組を下から見えるように意図的に露出させ、そのままデザインとして活かした斬新なデザイン建築が増加しているため、木材の接合に上記した従来の接合金具を用いると、金属が木材の表面から露出してしまい、美観が損なわれる。
【０００４】
また、木材の表面に金属が露出しているため、結露が生じやすく、木材の腐食が進みやすい。更に、木材の表面にボルト等が露出していると、熱が金属部分に直接的に伝わるため、耐火性能も低い。
【０００５】
また更に、梁や桁等の木材は、建築後、数ケ月もすると、荷重による圧力や乾燥によていわゆる「木やせ」が生じ、木材と接合金具の間に隙間が生じる可能性が高い。このため、ボルトに螺合されたナットや座金等が緩んで、木材同士の接合強度が低くなり、木造建築物の耐久性が落ちる。
【０００６】
（発明の目的）
そこで本発明の目的は、木材等の建築用構成部材の接合に関し、接合部材が建築用構成部材の表面から露出せず、建築用構成部材同士の接合を強固な状態で維持できるようにした建築用構成部材の接合構造及び建築用構成部材の接合方法を提供することにある。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために講じた本発明の手段は次のとおりである。
第１の発明にあっては、
二以上の木製の建築用構成部材の接合構造であって、
建築用構成部材の接合部において各建築用構成部材に孔がそれぞれ設けてあり、各孔には、該孔の径を拡げる孔拡張部が所要の深さ位置に所要数設けてあり、該孔拡張部は、接合部材の抜け方向側が抜け方向に対して直角または鋭角に形成されていると共に、接合部材の差し入れ方向にすぼまるように形成されており、各孔には接合部材が差し入れられ、差し入れられた接合部材は各孔に渡るようにして収められており、
上記各孔及び各孔拡張部には、接合部材を孔内に固着する接着剤または固着剤が充填されて固化しており、
上記孔拡張部に充填され固化した接着剤または固着剤によって、各孔から接合部材が抜けないようにするストッパーが形成されていることを特徴とする、
建築用構成部材の接合構造である。
【０００８】
第２の発明にあっては、
二以上の木製の建築用構成部材を接合する方法であって、
建築用構成部材の接合部において各建築用構成部材に接合部材を収める孔を形成するステップ、
各孔の径を拡げると共に、接合部材の抜け方向側が抜け方向に対して直角または鋭角に形成され、更に孔への接合部材の差し入れ方向にすぼまるように、孔の所要の深さ位置に所要数の孔拡張部を形成するステップ、
各孔に渡るように各孔に接合部材を差し入れて収めるステップ、
各孔及び各孔拡張部に接着剤または固着剤を充填して固化することにより、接合部材を孔内に固着するとともに、各孔から接合部材が抜けないようにするストッパーを形成するステップ、
を含むことを特徴とする、
建築用構成部材の接合方法である。
【００１２】
（作用）
本発明は次のように作用する。
本発明によれば、接合部材が各建築用構成部材の各孔に渡るようにして収められており、その各孔に接着剤または固着剤を充填して固化されることによって、接合部材を孔内に固着して建築用構成部材を互いに接合している。したがって、接合部材は建築用構成部材の中に埋設され、建築用構成部材の表面から露出しない。
【００１３】
孔拡張部は、各孔の所要の深さ位置に孔の径を拡げるように形成され、孔拡張部に充填され固化した接着剤または固着剤によって、接合部材が各孔から抜けないようにするストッパーが形成されている。即ち、ストッパーは、接合部材の周りに孔の径を拡げるように張り出して形成されている。したがって、本発明を木製の建築用構成部材の接合に採用した場合、木やせ等によって木材が収縮した場合でも、ストッパーは孔内で確実に引っかかっているため、接合部材は両孔から容易には抜けない。よって、従来の接合金具と相違して、接合部が緩むことなく、木材（例えば、製材、合板、集成材、単板、あるいはＯＳＢ［ｏｒｉｅｎｔｅｄｓｔｒａｎｄｂｏａｒｄ］等の構造用パネル）等の建築用構成部材同士の接合を強固な状態で維持できる。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明を図面に示した実施の形態に基づき更に詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明に係る建築用構成部材の接合方法を、柱と横架材との接合に適用した例を示す断面説明図、
図２は図１のＩ−Ｉ部分に対応する縦断を示す概略説明図である。
【００１５】
図１及び図２に示すように、柱１は断面方形状の木材で形成されている。柱１には、木口面１１から略軸芯方向に孔２が所要の深さで形成（穿設）されている。
【００１６】
各孔２の所要の深さ位置には、切削によって形成された孔拡張部２１，２１が設けてある。本実施の形態では、孔拡張部２１は、孔２の深さ方向のほぼ中間部と底部側との二箇所に設けてある。孔拡張部２１は、図２に示すように平面視円形状で孔２の径を拡げるように孔２の周りに形成されており、且つ、図１に示すように、底部側に向かってやや丸みを帯びながらすぼまるように形成されている。なお、図１中、孔２とストッパー５１の上面部がなす角度θについては、後述する。
【００１７】
他方、図２に示すように、横架材３（例えば桁や梁等）は、柱と同様に断面方形状の木材で形成されている。横架材３には、接合面３１から厚み方向に孔４が所要の深さで形成（穿設）されている。
【００１８】
柱１と同様に、横架材３の孔４の所要の深さ位置には、切削によって形成された孔拡張部４１，４１がそれぞれ設けてある。本実施の形態では、孔拡張部４１は、各孔４の深さ方向のほぼ中間部と天部側との二箇所（柱１と横架材３合わせると、合計４箇所）に設けてある。孔拡張部４１，４１は、柱１の孔拡張部２１と同様に平面視円形状で、孔４の径を拡げるように孔４の周りに形成されており、天部側に向かってやや丸みを帯びながらすぼまるように形成されている。
【００１９】
そして、頭部を有さない全ねじボルトによって構成される接合部材５を両孔２，４に挿設する（収める）と共に、エポキシ樹脂等の接着剤６を両孔２，４に注入して固めることにより、柱１と横架材３は接合されている。
なお、接合部材５を挿設した際に孔２，４に形成される隙間は、接着剤６が流れるような大きさとなっている。
【００２０】
孔拡張部２１，２１，４１，４１に注入し固化した接着剤６により、接合部材５の周面部の所要箇所には、接合部材５が孔２，４から抜けないようにするストッパー５１が所要数（本実施の形態では合計４箇所に）形成されている。
【００２１】
図１で柱１側に示している符号１２は、接着剤６を孔２に注入するための注入孔を示し、符号１２１は注入孔１２を塞ぐための木製の栓を示している。同じく図１で、横架材３側に示している符号３２は、接着剤６を孔１９から注入する際のエア抜き用の連通孔を示し、符号３２１は連通孔３２を塞ぐための木製の栓を示している。これらの作用については後述する。
【００２２】
なお、本実施の形態では、接合部材５は全長約３００ｍｍ、直径約２５ｍｍである。孔２，４は直径２６ｍｍ、孔拡張部２１，４１は一番広い所で直径が約４２ｍｍである。ただし、これらの寸法に特に限定するものではない。
【００２３】
図３及び図４は建築用構成部材の接合方法の作業手順を示す説明図を示し、図５は孔拡張部の施工例を示す説明図である。
図３ないし図５を参照して、柱と横架材の接合する場合の作業手順を順を追って詳しく説明する。
【００２４】
まず、図３（ａ）に示すように、電気ドリル（図示省略）等を使用して、柱１の木口面１１から略軸芯方向に孔２を所要の深さまで形成する。孔２の切削時に発生する木屑（後述する孔拡張部２１の切削時に発生する木屑も同様）は、孔２内にエアを吹き付けることで取り除く。
【００２５】
次に、図３（ｂ）及び（ｃ）に示すように、孔２の所要箇所に孔拡張部２１を（本実施の形態では深さ方向のほぼ中間部と底部側との合計二箇所に）形成する。孔拡張部２１は、例えば図５に示すように、先端にドリル７１を備えた電気ドリル７を用いて形成する。
なお、図５では底部側の孔拡張部２１の形成方法について説明しているが、中間部の孔拡張部２１についても、同じようにして形成する。
【００２６】
図５に示すように、電気ドリル７に使用するドリル７１は、例えば長尺なシャンク部７１１の先端に丸孔切削用のルータービット７１２を溶着したものを用いる。先端のルータービット部７１２はその外径が孔の内径よりも小さいので、支障なく孔２の中に挿入できる。
【００２７】
そして、まず図５（ａ）の状態からドリル７１を孔２の中に差し入れ、ルータービット部７１２が所要の深さまで達したら電気ドリル７を作動させる。そして、図５（ｂ）に示すように、電気ドリル７を傾け、ドリル７１を孔２の軸芯方向に対してやや傾斜させる。これにより、孔２の内壁部に孔拡張部２１の一部が切削される。更に、図５（ｃ）に示すように、電気ドリル７を操作し、ルータービット部７１２を内壁部に沿うように孔２の周方向に移動させて切削し、図２に示すような孔拡張部２１を形成する。上記した要領で、孔拡張部２１を合計２箇所に形成する。
【００２８】
次に、図３（ｄ）に示すように、電気ドリル等を使用して、孔２の底部側に注入孔１２を貫通させて形成する。なお、注入孔１２は接着剤６を注入できる大きさであれば、充填する接着剤６の量が多くならないように、できるだけ径が小さいことが望ましい。そして、図３（ｄ）及び（ｅ）に示すように、接合部材５の一端側（図３では下端側）を孔２に挿設する。
【００２９】
他方、図４（ｆ）に示すように、接合対象である横架材３にも、上記した同じ要領で孔４、孔拡張部４１，４１及び連通孔３２を形成しておく。そうして、柱１から突出している接合部材５の他端側に、横架材３（横架材３の孔４）を差し込んで、横架材３と柱１を図３（ｇ）のように連結する。連結後、図示はしていないが、横架材３と柱１がずれないように板材等の固定部材で接合部分を固定する。
【００３０】
連結後、ピストン式の注入器８等を用いて、柱１の注入孔１２からエポキシ樹脂等の接着剤６を注入し、両孔２，４内を接着剤６で満たす。両孔２，４が接着剤６で満たされたら、横架材３の連通孔３２から接着剤６が溢れてくるので、そこで接着剤６の注入を止める。注入が終わったら、注入孔１２及び連通孔３２から接着剤６が漏れないように、注入孔１２及び連通孔３２に栓１２１，３２１（図４では省略、図１参照）をして口を塞ぐ。栓１２１，３２１は、例えば木製の棒材を所要長さに切ることで得られる。接着剤６が固まれば、接合部材５に上記したストッパー５１が形成される。最後に、ずれないように横架材３と柱１を固定していた固定部材を外せば、柱１と横架材３の接合は完了する。
【００３１】
なお、接着剤６は、注入孔１２からでなく連通孔３２からも注入可能ではあるが、柱１を下にした本実施の形態（図１参照）では、注入した接着剤６が下から流れ落ちないように、上からではなく下（注入孔１２）から注入している。
【００３２】
接合部材５を孔２，４に固着する固着剤（固化剤）として、上記したエポキシ樹脂の他にポリウレタン樹脂等の接着剤が好適に使用できるが、接合対象である建築用構成部材同士を略一体的に接着または固着できるものであれば、特に材料を限定するものではない。接着剤６は接着強度の高いものが好ましい。
【００３３】
（作用）
柱１の孔２に接合部材５の一端側を埋設すると共に、柱１から突出している接合部材５の横架材３の孔４に埋設し、更にその双方の孔２，４及び孔拡張部２１，２１，４１，４１内に接着剤６を充填して固化させることによって、接合部材５を孔２，４内に固着して木材同士を接合している。
【００３４】
したがって、接合部材５は木材の中に埋設され、木材の表面から露出しない。よって、例えば天井板を張らずに、木材の骨組を露出させたものの接合構造に採用した場合、木材の表面から接合部材５は見えないので、美観は損なわれにくい。更に、接合部材５を露出させないことによって、結露による建築用構成部材の腐食、耐火性能の低下等の問題も解消できる。
【００３５】
孔拡張部２１，２１，４１，４１は、孔２，４の所要の深さ位置に、孔２，４の径を拡げるように孔２，４の周りに形成されている。孔拡張部２１，２１，４１，４１に充填され固化した接着剤６によって、接合部材５が孔２，４から抜けないようにするストッパー５１，５１，５１，５１が形成されている。即ち、ストッパー５１，５１，５１，５１は、接合部材５の周りに孔２，４の径を拡げるように出っ張って形成されている。また、接着剤６は木材の中に浸透して固化しているため、接合部材５と接着剤６、接着剤６と木材は強固に結合している。
【００３６】
したがって、木やせ等によって木材が収縮した場合でも、ストッパー５１，５１，５１，５１は孔２，４内で確実に引っかかり、接合部材５は孔２，４から容易に抜けない。よって、従来の接合金具と相違して、接合部が緩むことなく、木材同士を強固に接合することができる。
【００３７】
更に接合部材５は螺旋状の溝を有しているので、この溝内にもエポキシ樹脂等の接着剤が充填されて固化しており、これが引っ掛かりとなって接合部材５は孔２，４から容易に抜けない。なお、溝に限らず、接合部材５の表面に凹凸があれば、上記と同様な効果が得られる。
【００３８】
本実施の形態では、柱と横架材（例えば桁や梁等）との接合について説明したが、これに限定するものではなく、柱と基礎との接合部、柱と土台・基礎との接合部、梁同士の接合部、柱同士の接合部、更にトラス構造における上弦材同士あるいは下弦材同士の接合部、または上弦材や下弦材と筋交いとの接合部等のあらゆる木材の接合構造に採用することができる。
【００３９】
本実施の形態では、木造建築物の木材と木材を接合する場合について説明したが、木造建築物の基礎コンクリートとこの上に施工させる木材（土台）との接合に使用するアンカーボルトとしても使用することができる。
【００４０】
また、接合部材５は金属製のもので説明したが、繊維強化プラスチック（ＦＲＰ）等の合成樹脂を用いることもできる。
【００４１】
接合部材５は、建築用構成部材同士を略一体的に接合（連結）できるものであれば、ボルト等のような棒状のものに限らず、板状、パイプ状、綱状等の様々な形状のものを使用することができる。
【００４２】
更に、接合部材５は直線状のものに限らず、接合形態によっては屈曲したもの、斜めに曲がったもの、円形状や楕円形状、長方形状や正方形状、あるいはその他の多角形や異形状（不規則な形状）のものなどを挙げることができる。
【００４３】
接合部材５以外の具体例としては、異形鉄筋等の鉄筋、ワイヤ‐ロープ、繊維強化プラスチック製のロープ等を挙げることができる。
【００４４】
更に、ストッパー５１は、孔２内で確実に引っかかるような形状であれば、特に図面記載のものに限定するものではない。例えば、図１でストッパー５１の底部側が丸みを帯びずに角張っていても良い。また図１で示す側面視で、ストッパー５１の出っ張っている部分が断面三角形状や断面円形状、あるいはその他の多角形や異形状（不規則な形状）などであっても良い。断面三角形状にすれば、充填する接着剤の量を減らすことができる。接合部材５が確実に孔２内に固定されて容易に抜けないように、図１で孔２とストッパー５１の上面部がなす角θは、直角あるいは鋭角であることが望ましい。
【００４５】
なお、本実施の形態では、接合部材５を両孔２，４に挿入した後に接着剤６を注入しているが、孔に接着剤６を注入した後に接合部材５を挿入する手順を採用することもできる。
【００４６】
更に、注入孔１２及び連通孔３２の位置は、図面記載のものに限定するものではなく、両孔２，４の中間部分（例えば柱１と横架材３の接合面近傍）や、柱１または横架材３の一方側に設けることもできる。注入孔１２及び連通孔３２の数も二以上であっても良い。
【００４７】
なお、本明細書で使用している用語と表現はあくまで説明上のものであって、限定的なものではなく、上記用語、表現と等価の用語、表現を除外するものではない。また、本発明は図示の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、技術思想の範囲内において種々の変形が可能である。
【００４８】
更に、特許請求の範囲には、請求項の記載の内容を理解するため、図面において使用した符号を括弧を用いて記載しているが、特許請求の範囲を図面記載のものに限定するものではない。
【００４９】
【発明の効果】
本発明は上記構成を備え、次の効果をする。
（ａ）本発明によれば、接合部材が各建築用構成部材の各孔に渡るようにして収められており、その各孔に接着剤または固着剤を充填して固化されることによって、接合部材を孔内に固着して建築用構成部材を互いに接合している。したがって、接合部材は建築用構成部材の中に埋設され、建築用構成部材の表面から露出しない。よって、例えば天井板を張らずに、梁等の木材の骨組を露出させたものの接合構造に本発明を採用した場合、木材の表面から接合部材は見えないので、美観は損なわれにくい。更に、接合部材を露出させないことによって、結露による建築用構成部材の腐食、耐火性能の低下等の問題も解消できる。
【００５０】
（ｂ）孔拡張部は、各孔の所要の深さ位置に孔の径を拡げるように形成され、孔拡張部に充填され固化した接着剤または固着剤によって、接合部材が各孔から抜けないようにするストッパーが形成されている。即ち、ストッパーは、接合部材の周りに孔の径を拡げるように張り出して形成されている。したがって、本発明を木製の建築用構成部材の接合に採用した場合、木やせ等によって木材が収縮した場合でも、ストッパーは孔内で確実に引っかかっているため、接合部材は両孔から容易には抜けない。よって、従来の接合金具と相違して、接合部が緩むことなく、建築用構成部材同士の接合を強固な状態で維持できる。
【００５１】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る建築用構成部材の接合方法を、横架材と柱との接合に適用した例を示す部分断面説明図。
【図２】図１のＩ−Ｉ部分に対応する端面を示す概略説明図。
【図３】建築用構成部材の接合構造の施工方法を示す説明図。
【図４】建築用構成部材の接合構造の施工方法を示す説明図。
【図５】孔拡張部の施工例を示す説明図。
【符号の説明】
１柱
１１木口面
１２注入孔
１２１栓
２孔
２１孔拡張部
３横架材
３１接合面
３２連通孔
３２１栓
４孔
４１孔拡張部
５接合部材
５１ストッパー
６接着剤
７電気ドリル
７１ドリル
７１１シャンク部
７１２ルータービット部
８注入器[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a joining structure for building components and a method for joining building components.
More specifically, the present invention relates to the joining of building structural members such as wood, in which the joining member is not exposed from the surface of the building structural member, and the joining between the building structural members can be maintained in a strong state.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In traditional wooden construction, traditional joining methods called “joints” such as ant-joints, sickle-joints, and joints are used as the joining structure of timber (eg horizontal members such as beams and girders and pillars). It was adopted. However, joining by these joints requires the skill of the operator, and there are problems such as complicated cutting and joining of wood, which takes time and labor. For this reason, in recent years, methods for performing these joinings with joining metal fittings such as bolts and nuts have become popular.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in modern architecture, there is an increase in the number of innovative design architectures that intentionally expose the frame of wood, such as beams, so that they can be seen from the bottom without using a ceiling plate, When the above-described conventional joining metal fitting is used for joining, the metal is exposed from the surface of the wood, and the aesthetic appearance is impaired.
[0004]
Moreover, since the metal is exposed on the surface of the wood, condensation is likely to occur and the corrosion of the wood is likely to proceed. Furthermore, if bolts or the like are exposed on the surface of the wood, heat is directly transmitted to the metal part, so the fire resistance is low.
[0005]
Furthermore, in the case of wood such as beams and girders after several months after construction, there is a high possibility that so-called “wood thinning” will occur due to pressure and drying due to load, and a gap will occur between the wood and the joint fitting. For this reason, the nuts and washers that are screwed onto the bolts are loosened, the joining strength between the woods is lowered, and the durability of the wooden building is lowered.
[0006]
(Object of invention)
Therefore, an object of the present invention relates to the joining of building structural members such as wood, and the joining member is not exposed from the surface of the building structural member, so that the building member can be maintained in a strong state. It is in providing the joining structure of the structural member for construction, and the joining method of the structural member for construction.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The means of the present invention taken to achieve the above object are as follows.
In the first invention,
It is a joining structure of two or more wooden building components,
At the junction of the building component is provided with holes each component for each building, each hole, the hole expansion unit to expand the diameter of the pores is is provided with a required number of required depth position, the bore The extension part is formed so that the direction in which the joining member is detached is formed at a right angle or an acute angle with respect to the withdrawal direction, and is formed so as to sag in the direction in which the joining member is inserted, and the joining member is inserted into each hole. , The inserted joining member is stored so as to cross over each hole ,
Each of the holes and each of the hole expansion portions is filled with an adhesive or a fixing agent for fixing the joining member in the hole and solidified.
A stopper that prevents the joining member from being removed from each hole is formed by the adhesive or fixing agent filled and solidified in the hole expansion portion,
It is the joining structure of the structural member for construction.
[0008]
In the second invention,
A method of joining two or more wooden building components,
Forming a hole for housing the joining member in each construction component at the joint of the construction component;
In addition to expanding the diameter of each hole, at the required depth position of the hole so that the direction of removal of the joining member is formed at a right angle or acute angle with respect to the direction of removal and further narrows in the direction of insertion of the joining member into the hole. Forming the required number of hole extensions;
Inserting a joining member into each hole so as to cross over each hole;
A step of forming a stopper that fixes the bonding member in the hole and prevents the bonding member from coming out of each hole by filling each hole and each hole expansion portion with an adhesive or a fixing agent and solidifying the hole and each hole expansion part;
Including,
It is the joining method of the structural member for construction.
[0012]
(Work)
The present invention operates as follows.
According to the present invention, the joining member is accommodated so as to cross over each hole of each building component, and the joining member is perforated by filling each hole with an adhesive or a fixing agent and solidifying. The building components are bonded together by being fixed inside. Therefore, the joining member is embedded in the building component and is not exposed from the surface of the building component.
[0013]
The hole expanding portion is formed so as to expand the diameter of the hole at a required depth position of each hole, and the bonding member is prevented from coming out of each hole by the adhesive or fixing agent filled and solidified in the hole expanding portion. A stopper is formed. That is, the stopper is formed so as to protrude around the joining member so as to expand the diameter of the hole. Therefore, when the present invention is adopted for joining wooden building components, even when the wood shrinks due to wood thinning or the like, the stopper is reliably caught in the hole, so the joining member can be easily removed from both holes. I can't escape. Therefore, unlike a conventional joint metal fitting, a constructional structure such as wood (for example, a structural panel such as lumber, plywood, laminated wood, veneer, or OSB (orientated strand board)) without loosening the joint. Bonding between members can be maintained in a strong state.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an example in which the method for joining building components according to the present invention is applied to joining a column and a horizontal member,
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing a longitudinal section corresponding to the II portion of FIG.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pillar 1 is made of wood having a square cross section. A hole 2 is formed (pierced) in the column 1 at a required depth in a substantially axial direction from the end surface 11.
[0016]
Hole expansion portions 21 and 21 formed by cutting are provided at required depth positions of the respective holes 2. In the present embodiment, the hole expanding portions 21 are provided at two locations, substantially in the middle of the hole 2 in the depth direction and on the bottom side. The hole expanding portion 21 is formed around the hole 2 so as to expand the diameter of the hole 2 in a circular shape in plan view as shown in FIG. 2, and slightly toward the bottom side as shown in FIG. It is formed to be rounded and squeezed. In FIG. 1, the angle θ formed by the hole 2 and the upper surface of the stopper 51 will be described later.
[0017]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal members 3 (for example, girders, beams, etc.) are formed of wood having a rectangular cross section, similar to the pillars. In the horizontal member 3, a hole 4 is formed (perforated) at a required depth in the thickness direction from the joint surface 31.
[0018]
Similarly to the pillar 1, hole expansion portions 41 and 41 formed by cutting are provided at required depth positions of the holes 4 of the horizontal member 3, respectively. In the present embodiment, the hole expanding portions 41 are provided at two locations (a total of four locations when the column 1 and the horizontal member 3 are combined) in the substantially middle portion and the top portion side of each hole 4 in the depth direction. . The hole expanding portions 41 and 41 are circular in plan view like the hole expanding portion 21 of the column 1 and are formed around the hole 4 so as to expand the diameter of the hole 4 and are slightly rounded toward the top side. It is formed to sag while wearing.
[0019]
Then, a joining member 5 constituted by a full screw bolt having no head is inserted (contained) in both holes 2 and 4, and an adhesive 6 such as epoxy resin is injected into both holes 2 and 4. By hardening, the pillar 1 and the horizontal member 3 are joined.
The gap formed in the holes 2 and 4 when the joining member 5 is inserted is sized so that the adhesive 6 flows.
[0020]
A stopper 51 is required to prevent the joining member 5 from coming out of the holes 2 and 4 at a required portion of the peripheral surface portion of the joining member 5 by the adhesive 6 injected into the hole expanding portions 21, 21, 41 and 41 and solidified. The number (in this embodiment, a total of four places) is formed.
[0021]
A reference numeral 12 shown on the column 1 side in FIG. 1 indicates an injection hole for injecting the adhesive 6 into the hole 2, and a reference numeral 121 indicates a wooden plug for closing the injection hole 12. Similarly, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 32 shown on the side of the horizontal member 3 indicates a communication hole for bleeding air when the adhesive 6 is injected from the hole 19. Reference numeral 321 indicates a wooden hole for closing the communication hole 32. Shows the stopper. These actions will be described later.
[0022]
In the present embodiment, the joining member 5 has a total length of about 300 mm and a diameter of about 25 mm. The holes 2 and 4 have a diameter of 26 mm, and the hole expansion portions 21 and 41 have a diameter of about 42 mm at the widest place. However, the dimensions are not particularly limited.
[0023]
3 and 4 are explanatory views showing the work procedure of the method for joining building components, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a construction example of the hole expanding portion.
With reference to FIG. 3 thru | or FIG. 5, the operation | movement procedure in the case of joining a pillar and a horizontal member is demonstrated in order later in detail.
[0024]
First, as shown in FIG. 3A, the hole 2 is formed to a required depth in a substantially axial direction from the end face 11 of the pillar 1 using an electric drill (not shown) or the like. Wood chips generated at the time of cutting the hole 2 (similar to wood chips generated at the time of cutting the hole expanding portion 21 described later) are removed by blowing air into the hole 2.
[0025]
Next, as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c), the hole expansion portion 21 is provided at a required portion of the hole 2 (in the present embodiment, at a total of two locations on the substantially middle portion and bottom side in the depth direction). )Form. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the hole expanding portion 21 is formed using an electric drill 7 having a drill 71 at the tip.
In addition, although the formation method of the hole expansion part 21 by the side of the bottom is demonstrated in FIG. 5, it forms similarly about the hole expansion part 21 of an intermediate part.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 5, the drill 71 used for the electric drill 7 is, for example, one in which a router bit 712 for round hole cutting is welded to the tip of a long shank portion 711. Since the outer diameter of the router bit portion 712 at the tip is smaller than the inner diameter of the hole, it can be inserted into the hole 2 without any trouble.
[0027]
First, the drill 71 is inserted into the hole 2 from the state shown in FIG. 5A, and the electric drill 7 is operated when the router bit portion 712 reaches a required depth. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the electric drill 7 is tilted, and the drill 71 is slightly tilted with respect to the axial direction of the hole 2. Thereby, a part of the hole expansion part 21 is cut in the inner wall part of the hole 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), the electric drill 7 is operated, the router bit part 712 is moved along the inner wall part in the circumferential direction of the hole 2, and the hole is expanded as shown in FIG. Part 21 is formed. In the above-described manner, the hole expanding portions 21 are formed in two places in total.
[0028]
Next, as shown in FIG. 3D, the injection hole 12 is formed through the bottom of the hole 2 using an electric drill or the like. In addition, if the injection hole 12 has a size that allows the adhesive 6 to be injected, it is desirable that the diameter be as small as possible so that the amount of the adhesive 6 to be filled does not increase. Then, as shown in FIGS. 3D and 3E, one end side (the lower end side in FIG. 3) of the joining member 5 is inserted into the hole 2.
[0029]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4 (f), the holes 4, the hole expanding portions 41 and 41, and the communication holes 32 are also formed in the horizontal member 3 to be joined in the same manner as described above. Then, the horizontal member 3 (the hole 4 of the horizontal member 3) is inserted into the other end side of the joining member 5 protruding from the column 1, and the horizontal member 3 and the column 1 of FIG. Connect as follows. Although not shown in the figure after the connection, the joining portion is fixed with a fixing member such as a plate material so that the horizontal member 3 and the column 1 are not displaced.
[0030]
After the connection, an adhesive 6 such as an epoxy resin is injected from the injection hole 12 of the column 1 using a piston type injector 8 or the like, and both the holes 2 and 4 are filled with the adhesive 6. When both the holes 2 and 4 are filled with the adhesive 6, the adhesive 6 overflows from the communication hole 32 of the horizontal member 3, and the injection of the adhesive 6 is stopped there. When the injection is finished, plugs 121 and 321 (not shown in FIG. 4, refer to FIG. 1) are plugged in the injection hole 12 and the communication hole 32 so that the adhesive 6 does not leak from the injection hole 12 and the communication hole 32. . The plugs 121 and 321 are obtained, for example, by cutting a wooden bar to a required length. When the adhesive 6 is hardened, the stopper 51 described above is formed on the joining member 5. Finally, if the fixing member that fixed the horizontal member 3 and the column 1 is removed so as not to shift, the joining of the column 1 and the horizontal member 3 is completed.
[0031]
The adhesive 6 can be injected not only from the injection hole 12 but also from the communication hole 32. However, in the present embodiment in which the column 1 is down (see FIG. 1), the injected adhesive 6 flows down from below. In order to avoid this, the injection is performed from the bottom (injection hole 12) instead of from the top.
[0032]
As a fixing agent (solidifying agent) for fixing the bonding member 5 to the holes 2 and 4, an adhesive such as polyurethane resin can be suitably used in addition to the above-described epoxy resin, but the building components to be bonded are substantially omitted. The material is not particularly limited as long as it can be bonded or fixed integrally. The adhesive 6 preferably has a high adhesive strength.
[0033]
(Work)
One end side of the joining member 5 is embedded in the hole 2 of the column 1 and is embedded in the hole 4 of the horizontal member 3 of the joining member 5 protruding from the column 1. By filling the 21, 21, 41, 41 with the adhesive 6 and solidifying it, the joining member 5 is fixed in the holes 2, 4, and the woods are joined together.
[0034]
Therefore, the joining member 5 is embedded in the wood and is not exposed from the surface of the wood. Therefore, for example, when it is used for a joining structure in which a frame of wood is exposed without stretching the ceiling plate, the joining member 5 cannot be seen from the surface of the wood, so that the aesthetic appearance is not easily impaired. Furthermore, by not exposing the joining member 5, problems such as corrosion of structural members due to condensation and deterioration in fire resistance can be solved.
[0035]
The hole expanding portions 21, 21, 41, 41 are formed around the holes 2, 4 at the required depth positions of the holes 2, 4 so as to expand the diameter of the holes 2, 4. Stoppers 51, 51, 51, 51 that prevent the joining member 5 from coming out of the holes 2, 4 are formed by the adhesive 6 filled and solidified in the hole expansion portions 21, 21, 41, 41. That is, the stoppers 51, 51, 51, 51 are formed so as to protrude around the joining member 5 so as to expand the diameters of the holes 2 , 4. Further, since the adhesive 6 has penetrated into the wood and solidified, the joining member 5 and the adhesive 6 and the adhesive 6 and the wood are firmly bonded.
[0036]
Therefore, even when the wood contracts due to wood thinning or the like, the stoppers 51, 51, 51, 51 are reliably caught in the holes 2, 4, and the joining member 5 does not easily come out of the holes 2, 4. Therefore, unlike the conventional joining metal fittings, it is possible to join woods firmly without loosening the joining portion.
[0037]
Furthermore, since the joining member 5 has a spiral groove, the inside of this groove is filled with an adhesive such as an epoxy resin and is solidified. It does not come off easily. In addition, if there is an unevenness | corrugation in the surface of not only a groove | channel but the joining member 5, the effect similar to the above will be acquired.
[0038]
In the present embodiment, the connection between the column and the horizontal member (such as a girder or beam) has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the connection between the column and the foundation, and the connection between the column and the foundation / foundation. Adopted for all wood joint structures such as joints between beams, beams, joints between columns, joints between upper chords or lower chords in a truss structure, or joints between upper chords and lower chords and braces can do.
[0039]
In this embodiment, the case of joining wood and wood of a wooden building has been described, but it is also used as an anchor bolt used to join the basic concrete of a wooden building and the wood (base) to be constructed on this. be able to.
[0040]
Moreover, although the joining member 5 demonstrated with the metal thing, synthetic resins, such as fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), can also be used.
[0041]
The joining member 5 is not limited to a rod-like member such as a bolt as long as the structural members can be joined (connected) substantially integrally with each other, and various shapes such as a plate shape, a pipe shape, a rope shape, and the like. Can be used.
[0042]
Furthermore, the joining member 5 is not limited to a straight one, but is bent depending on the joining form, bent obliquely, circular or elliptical, rectangular or square, or other polygons or irregular shapes (indefinite). (Regular shape).
[0043]
Specific examples other than the joining member 5 include reinforcing bars such as deformed reinforcing bars, wire-ropes, fiber-reinforced plastic ropes, and the like.
[0044]
Further, the stopper 51 is not particularly limited to the one described in the drawings as long as it is a shape that can be reliably caught in the hole 2. For example, in FIG. 1, the bottom side of the stopper 51 may be squared without being rounded. In addition, in the side view shown in FIG. 1, the protruding portion of the stopper 51 may be a triangular cross section or a circular cross section, or another polygon or irregular shape (irregular shape). If the cross section is triangular, the amount of adhesive to be filled can be reduced. In order to ensure that the joining member 5 is securely fixed in the hole 2 and does not easily come out, the angle θ formed by the hole 2 and the upper surface portion of the stopper 51 in FIG. 1 is preferably a right angle or an acute angle.
[0045]
In the present embodiment, the adhesive 6 is injected after the bonding member 5 is inserted into the holes 2 and 4. However, a procedure for inserting the bonding member 5 after the adhesive 6 is injected into the holes is employed. You can also.
[0046]
Further, the positions of the injection hole 12 and the communication hole 32 are not limited to those shown in the drawings, but the intermediate part of both the holes 2 and 4 (for example, the vicinity of the joint surface between the column 1 and the horizontal member 3) or the column 1 Alternatively, it can be provided on one side of the horizontal member 3. The number of the injection holes 12 and the communication holes 32 may be two or more.
[0047]
Note that the terms and expressions used in this specification are merely explanatory and are not restrictive, and do not exclude terms and expressions equivalent to the above terms and expressions. The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea.
[0048]
Furthermore, in the claims, the reference numerals used in the drawings are described in parentheses in order to understand the contents of the claims, but the claims are not limited to those described in the drawings. Absent.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the above configuration and has the following effects.
(A) According to the present invention, the joining member is accommodated so as to cross over each hole of each building component, and each hole is filled with an adhesive or a fixing agent to be solidified. The structural members are bonded together by fixing the members in the holes. Therefore, the joining member is embedded in the building component and is not exposed from the surface of the building component. Therefore, for example, when the present invention is applied to a joint structure in which a frame of wood such as a beam is exposed without stretching a ceiling board, the joining member is not visible from the surface of the wood, so that the aesthetic appearance is not easily impaired. Further, by not exposing the joining member, problems such as corrosion of structural members due to condensation and deterioration of fire resistance can be solved.
[0050]
(B) The hole expanding portion is formed so as to expand the diameter of the hole at a required depth position of each hole, and the joining member does not come out of each hole by the adhesive or fixing agent filled and solidified in the hole expanding portion. A stopper is formed. That is, the stopper is formed so as to protrude around the joining member so as to expand the diameter of the hole. Therefore, when the present invention is adopted for joining wooden building components, even when the wood shrinks due to wood thinning or the like, the stopper is reliably caught in the hole, so the joining member can be easily removed from both holes. I can't escape. Therefore, unlike the conventional joining metal fittings, it is possible to maintain the joining between the building structural members in a strong state without loosening the joining portion.
[0051]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view showing an example in which a method for joining building components according to the present invention is applied to joining a horizontal member and a column.
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view showing an end surface corresponding to the II portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a construction method for a joint structure of building components.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a construction method for a joint structure of building components.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a construction example of a hole expanding portion.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pillar 11 Wood end surface 12 Injection hole 121 Plug 2 Hole 21 Hole expansion part 3 Horizontal member 31 Joint surface 32 Communication hole 321 Plug 4 Hole 41 Hole expansion part 5 Joining member 51 Stopper 6 Adhesive 7 Electric drill 71 Drill 711 Shank part 712 Router Bit 8 Injector

Claims

二以上の木製の建築用構成部材(1,3)の接合構造であって、
建築用構成部材(1,3)の接合部において各建築用構成部材(1,3)に孔(2,4)がそれぞれ設けてあり、各孔(2,4)には、該孔(2,4)の径を拡げる孔拡張部(21,21、41,41)が所要の深さ位置に所要数設けてあり、該孔拡張部 (21,21 、 41,41) は、接合部材 (5) の抜け方向側が抜け方向に対して直角または鋭角に形成されていると共に、接合部材 (5) の差し入れ方向にすぼまるように形成されており、各孔(2,4)には接合部材(5)が差し入れられ、差し入れられた接合部材(5)は各孔(2,4)に渡るようにして収められており、
上記各孔(2,4)及び各孔拡張部(21,21、41,41)には、接合部材(5)を孔(2,4)内に固着する接着剤(6)または固着剤が充填されて固化しており、
上記孔拡張部(21,21、41,41)に充填され固化した接着剤(6)または固着剤によって、各孔(2,4)から接合部材(5)が抜けないようにするストッパー(51,51,51,51)が形成されていることを特徴とする、
建築用構成部材の接合構造。A joining structure of two or more wooden building components (1,3),
Each building component (1, 3) is provided with a hole (2, 4) at the joint of the building component (1, 3), and each hole (2, 4) has a hole (2 , the hole extension to expand the diameter of 4) (21,21,41,41) is is provided with a required number of required depth position, the hole extension (21, 21, 41, 41), the bonding members ( The removal direction side of 5) is formed at a right angle or acute angle with respect to the removal direction, and is formed so as to sag in the insertion direction of the joining member (5) , and is joined to each hole (2, 4). The member (5) is inserted, and the inserted joining member (5) is stored so as to cross over each hole (2, 4),
Each hole (2, 4) and each hole expansion portion (21, 21, 41, 41) has an adhesive (6) or a fixing agent for fixing the joining member (5) in the hole (2, 4). Filled and solidified,
A stopper (51) that prevents the joining member (5) from coming out of each hole (2, 4) by the adhesive (6) or the fixing agent filled and solidified in the hole expanding portion (21, 21, 41, 41). , 51, 51, 51) is formed,
Bonding structure of building components.

二以上の木製の建築用構成部材(1,3)を接合する方法であって、
建築用構成部材(1,3)の接合部において各建築用構成部材(1,3)に接合部材(5)を収める孔(2,4)を形成するステップ、
各孔(2,4)の径を拡げると共に、接合部材 (5) の抜け方向側が抜け方向に対して直角または鋭角に形成され、更に孔 (2,4) への接合部材 (5) の差し入れ方向にすぼまるように、孔(2,4)の所要の深さ位置に所要数の孔拡張部(21,21、41,41)を形成するステップ、
各孔(2,4)に渡るように各孔(2,4)に接合部材(5)を差し入れて収めるステップ、
各孔(2,4)及び各孔拡張部(21,21、41,41)に接着剤(6)または固着剤を充填して固化することにより、接合部材(5)を孔(2,4)内に固着するとともに、各孔(2,4)から接合部材(5)が抜けないようにするストッパー(51,51,51,51)を形成するステップ、
を含むことを特徴とする、
建築用構成部材の接合方法。A method of joining two or more wooden building components (1,3),
Forming a hole (2, 4) for housing the joining member (5) in each construction component (1, 3) at the joint of the building component (1, 3);
While expanding the diameter of each hole (2, 4), the side of the joining member (5) is formed at a right angle or acute angle with respect to the direction of withdrawal, and the joining member (5) is inserted into the hole (2, 4) . Forming a required number of hole extensions (21, 21, 41, 41) at a required depth position of the holes (2, 4) so as to sag in the direction;
Step fit pledged joining member (5) in the holes (2,4) to span the respective holes (2,4),
By filling each hole (2, 4) and each hole expansion part (21, 21, 41, 41) with an adhesive (6) or a fixing agent and solidifying, the joining member (5) is made into the hole (2, 4 ) Step of forming stoppers (51, 51, 51, 51) that are fixed in the inside and prevent the joining member (5) from being removed from each hole (2, 4),
Including,
A method for joining building components.