JP3624646B2 - Rubber compounding oil - Google Patents

Rubber compounding oil Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3624646B2
JP3624646B2 JP24879297A JP24879297A JP3624646B2 JP 3624646 B2 JP3624646 B2 JP 3624646B2 JP 24879297 A JP24879297 A JP 24879297A JP 24879297 A JP24879297 A JP 24879297A JP 3624646 B2 JP3624646 B2 JP 3624646B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
rubber
less
treatment
rubber compounding
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JP24879297A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH1180434A (en
Inventor
肇 平瀬
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Eneos Corp
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Nippon Oil Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ゴム配合油に関し、詳しくは、ゴム組成物の軟化剤または伸展油に用いられるゴム配合油に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より高芳香族系鉱物油は、ゴム組成物への低ロス性付与性能に優れ、天然ゴムや合成ゴム等のゴム組成物中のゴム成分との親和性が高く、またゴム組成物の軟化特性に優れ、また経済性に優れるなどの点から、ゴム組成物の軟化剤および伸展油等のゴム配合油として用いられてきた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、高芳香族系鉱物油は、1988年のプロポジション−65や1989年より始まった一連のEU指令では、発癌性物質の可能性有りとして勧告されており、より安全性の高い高芳香族系鉱物油が求められるようになった。
しかしながら、現状においては上記高芳香族系鉱物油の特性を維持し、かつより安全性の高い鉱物油は提案されていない。
本発明は、かかる状況を鑑み、上記高芳香族系鉱物油の特性を維持し、かつより安全性の高いゴム配合油を提供することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係るゴム配合油は、変異原性指数MIが1.0未満、アロマ分(%C )が20〜55%のゴム配合油であり、かつゴム配合油全量基準で下記(1)〜(9)の多環芳香族化合物の含有量がそれぞれ個々に10質量ppm以下であり、含有量の合計量が50質量ppm以下であることを特徴とするものである。
(1)ベンゾ[a]アントラセン
(2)ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン
(3)ベンゾ[j]フルオランテン
(4)ベンゾ[k]フルオランテン
(5)ベンゾ[a]ピレン
(6)ジベンゾ[a,j]アクリジン
(7)ジベンゾ[a,h]アントラセン
(8)7H−ジベンゾ[c,g]カルバゾール
(9)ジベンゾ[a,e]ピレン
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のゴム配合油は、ASTM−E−1687−95に規定する”Standard Test Method for Determining Carcinogenic Potential of Virgin Base Oils in Metalworking Fluids”に準拠して規定される変異原性指数MIが1.0未満であることが必要である。MIが1.0以上であると、安全性に問題が生じる可能性が高くなり好ましくない。
【0006】
また、本発明のゴム配合油は、アロマ分(%C )が20%以上、好ましくは25%以上、より好ましくは28%以上であり、また55%以下、好ましくは50%以下、より好ましくは45%以下であり、さらにより好ましくは40%以下、最も好ましくは37%以下であることが必要である。
%C が20%に満たない場合には、ゴム成分との親和性が低く、またロス性能付与に劣るため好ましくない。また、%C が55%を越える場合には、耐候性および低温性能に劣るため好ましくない。
【0007】
また、本発明のゴム配合油は、ナフテン分(%C )が2%以上、好ましくは5%以上、より好ましくは7%以上、さらにより好ましくは10%以上であり、45%以下、好ましくは35%以下、より好ましくは30%以下、さらにより好ましくは25%以下、最も好ましくは20%以下であり、パラフィン分(%C )が20%以上、好ましくは30%以上、より好ましくは40%以上、さらにより好ましくは45%以上、最も好ましくは50%以上であり、75%以下、好ましくは70%以下、より好ましくは65%以下であることが望ましい。
【0008】
なお、上記した%C 、%C および%C の値は、全てASTM−D−2140−91に規定する”Standard Test Method for Carbon−Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin” に準拠して規定される値を表す。
【0009】
また、本発明においては、上記各性状を満たし、かつ下記(1)〜(9)の多環芳香族化合物の含有量を低減させることにより、ゴム組成物への低ロス性付与性能に優れ、天然ゴムや合成ゴム等のゴム組成物中のゴム成分との親和性が高く、またゴム組成物の軟化特性に優れ、また経済性に優れるなどの高芳香族系鉱物油の特性を維持し、かつより安全性の高いものを得ることができる。
(1)ベンゾ[a]アントラセン
(2)ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン
(3)ベンゾ[j]フルオランテン
(4)ベンゾ[k]フルオランテン
(5)ベンゾ[a]ピレン
(6)ジベンゾ[a,j]アクリジン
(7)ジベンゾ[a,h]アントラセン
(8)7H−ジベンゾ[c,g]カルバゾール
(9)ジベンゾ[a,e]ピレン
【0010】
上記(1)〜(9)の多環芳香族化合物の含有量は、それぞれ個別にゴム配合油全量基準で10質量ppm以下、好ましくは8質量ppm以下、より好ましくは5質量ppm以下、最も好ましくは3質量ppm以下であることが必要である。
また、上記(1)〜(9)の各多環芳香族化合物の含有量の合計量が、ゴム配合油全量基準で50質量ppm以下、好ましくは30質量ppm以下、より好ましくは15質量ppm以下であることが必要である。
【0011】
なお、本発明において上記(1)〜(9)の各多環芳香族化合物の含有量は、GC−MSによるSIM法で定量して得られる値を表す。
【0012】
また、本発明のゴム配合油は、ゴム組成物中のゴム成分との親和性をより向上させることができる点から、JIS K 2256「石油製品アニリン点及び混合アニリン点試験方法」に準拠して規定されるアニリン点が100℃以下、好ましくは85℃以下、より好ましくは70℃以下であることが望ましい。
【0013】
また、本発明のゴム配合油は、ゴム成分との親和性をより向上させることができる点から、ASTM−D−1747−94に規定する”Standard Test Method for RefractiveIndex of Viscous Materiais” に準拠して規定される屈折率(20℃)の値が、1.46以上、好ましくは1.50以上、より好ましくは1.55以上であることが望ましい。また、屈折率の値は1.6以下、好ましくは1.58以下であることが望ましい。
【0014】
また、本発明のゴム配合油は、ASTM−D−2501−91に規定する”Standard TestMethod for Calculation of Viscosity−Gravity Constant (V.G.C) of Petroleum Oils” に準拠して規定されるV.G.C(粘度比重恒数)が0.85以上、好ましくは0.90〜1.00であることが望ましい。V.G.Cが0.85に満たない場合には、ゴムの加工性に悪影響を及ぼす可能性がある。
【0015】
また、本発明のゴム配合油の動粘度は、40℃で600mm /s以上であり、100℃で70mm /s以下、好ましくは15〜70mm /s、より好ましくは50〜70mm /sであることが望ましい。動粘度が低すぎる場合には、蒸発ロスが多くなる可能性があり、高すぎる場合には使用時の作業性が悪くなると同時に軟化剤として性能が十分でなくなる場合がある。
【0016】
また、本発明のゴム配合油の密度(15℃)は、0.90g/cm 以上、好ましくは0.93g/cm 以上、より好ましくは0.98g/cm 以上であることが望ましい。密度が低すぎる場合には、ゴム組成物との親和性が低下する場合がある。
【0017】
また、本発明のゴム配合油は、ASTM−D−972−91 に規定する”Standard TestMethod for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Grease and Oils” に準拠して規定される蒸発減量が0.5質量%以下、好ましくは0.3質量%以下、より好ましくは0.2質量%以下、さらにより好ましくは0.15質量%以下であることが望ましい。
【0018】
さらに、本発明のゴム配合油のDSCで測定したガラス転移点(Tg、℃)は、よりゴム組成物への低ロス性付与性能が向上することから、−50℃以上、好ましくは−48℃以上、より好ましくは−46℃以上であることが望ましい。また、低温性能の点から、−20℃以下、好ましくは−25℃以下、より好ましくは−28℃以下であることが望ましい。
【0019】
高芳香族系鉱物油の製造方法に関しては、従来より種々の方法が提案されている。具体的には例えば、国際公開WO93/00414号、同WO94/11325号、同WO95/28458号、ヨーロッパ特許第489371号、同417980号、米国特許第5178750号、同5242579号等に開示されている。
【0020】
本発明のゴム配合油は、上記した各公知文献に記載された方法だけでなく、一般に潤滑油の精製に用いられる方法、つまりパラフィン系および/またはナフテン系の原油を常圧蒸留および減圧蒸留して得られた潤滑油留分を、溶剤抽出処理、水素化処理、脱ろう処理、脱れき処理等の1種または2種以上の公知の精製法を適宜組み合わせて行うことによっても製造される。
【0021】
上記溶剤抽出処理とは、溶剤を用いて芳香族含有量の少ないラフィネートと芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトに分離する操作をいい、溶剤としては、フルフラール、フェノール、クレゾール、スルフォラン、N−メチルピロリドン、ジメチルスルフォキシド、フォルミルモルフォリン、グリコール系溶剤等が用いられる。溶剤抽出処理における分離能は、用いた溶剤、原料油/溶剤比、反応温度などにより変化する。従って、これらの条件を適宜変えることによって、多環芳香族化合物(PCA)を選択的に分離することが可能である。
【0022】
上記水素化処理とは、潤滑油留分中に含まれる硫黄、窒素、酸素、金属などの化合物を分解して除去し、また炭化水素を改質あるいは分解することを目的とした石油精製プロセスである。水素化処理用の触媒としては、Ni、W、Pt、Pd等の金属、Mo、Co、Ni、W等の金属酸化物などを金属成分とし、担体としてアルミナ、シリカ、シリカアルミナ、ゼオライト等を用いたものなどが使用される。また、水素化処理は反応条件を比較的穏やかな条件下で行う水素化仕上げ処理、過酷な条件下で行う水素化分解処理に大別される。さらに、水素化分解処理の条件を変えることによって、PCAのみを選択的に分解することも可能である。
【0023】
上記脱ろう処理とは、潤滑油留分中に含まれるろう分を除去するためのものであり、MEK脱ろう法、プロパン脱ろう法、Di−Me脱ろう法、尿素脱ろう法、水素化脱ろう法等が知られている。
上記脱れき処理とは、特に減圧蒸留残油中に含まれるアスファルト質や樹脂質を除去するための方法であり、炭素数1〜5の低分子量炭化水素等が溶剤として用いられるが、プロパン単体、プロパン−ブタン混合物が最適溶剤として用いられる。
【0024】
本発明のゴム配合油は、上記した各公知文献に記載の方法および上記した各精製法を適宜組み合わせることによって製造可能であるが、上記した各性状を満たすように処理条件を設定しなければならないことは言うまでもない。また、溶剤抽出処理および水素化分解処理は、潤滑油留分中に含まれる芳香族分およびPCAの含有量を調整することが容易なため、本発明のゴム配合油を製造する際に好ましく用いられるものである。
【0025】
本発明のゴム配合油は、上記した各方法を単独でまたは複数組み合わせて製造可能であるが、下記の方法が好ましく用いられる。
(1)減圧蒸留留出油を、溶剤抽出処理して芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトを得る。このようにして得られたエキストラクトを、PCAを選択的に分解する条件下で水素化分解処理を行う。
(2)減圧蒸留留出油を、溶剤抽出処理して芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトを得る。このようにして得られたエキストラクトを、PCAを選択的に分離する条件下でさらに溶剤抽出処理を行い、高芳香族低PCAのラフィネートを得る。また、このようにして得られたラフィネートを必要に応じて水素化仕上げ処理を行う。
【0026】
(3)減圧蒸留留出油を、水素化脱ろう処理する。続いて、得られた油をPCAを選択的に分離する条件下で溶剤抽出処理を行い、低PCAのラフィネートを得る。
(4)減圧蒸留留出油を、PCAを選択的に分離する条件下で溶剤抽出処理を行い、低PCAのラフィネートを得る。このようにして得られたラフィネートを、溶剤脱ろう処理し、さらに水素化仕上げ処理を行う。
【0027】
(5)減圧蒸留残油を、脱れき処理し、さらに溶剤抽出処理を行い芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトを得る。また、このようにして得られたエキストラクトを必要に応じて水素化仕上げ処理する。
(6)減圧蒸留残油を、脱れき処理し、さらに溶剤抽出処理を行い芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトを得る。このようにして得られたエキストラクトを、PCAを選択的に分離する条件下でさらに溶剤抽出処理を行い、高芳香族低PCAのラフィネートを得る。また、このようにして得られたラフィネートを必要に応じて水素化仕上げ処理を行う。
【0028】
(7)減圧蒸留残油を、脱れき処理し、さらに水素化脱ろう処理を行う。続いて、得られた油をPCAを選択的に分離する条件下で溶剤抽出処理を行い、低PCAのラフィネートを得る。
(8)減圧蒸留残油を、脱れき処理し、さらにPCAを選択的に分離する条件下で溶剤抽出処理を行い、低PCAのラフィネートを得る。このようにして得られたラフィネートを、溶剤脱ろう処理する。また必要に応じてさらに水素化仕上げ処理を行う。
【0029】
(9)減圧蒸留残油を、脱れき処理し、さらに溶剤抽出処理を行い芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトを得る。このようにして得られたエキストラクトを、PCAを選択的に分解する条件下で水素化分解処理を行う。
(10)減圧蒸留留出油を、溶剤抽出処理して得られた芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトに、上記溶剤抽出処理して得られる低PCAのラフィネートを水素化仕上げおよび/または脱ろう処理した留分を加える。また必要に応じてさらに水素化仕上げ処理および/または水素化分解処理を行う。
【0030】
(11)減圧蒸留残油を、脱れき処理し、さらに溶剤抽出処理して得られた芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトに、減圧蒸留留出油を水素化仕上げ処理して得られる留分を加える。また必要に応じて水素化仕上げおよび/または水素化分解処理を行う。
(12)減圧蒸留残油を、脱れき処理し、さらに溶剤抽出処理して得られた芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトに、減圧蒸留留出油を溶剤抽出処理して得られる芳香族含有量の少ないラフィネートを加える。また必要に応じて水素化仕上げおよび/または水素化分解処理を行う。
【0031】
(13)減圧蒸留残油を、脱れき処理し、さらに溶剤抽出処理して得られた芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトに、減圧蒸留留出油を溶剤抽出処理して得られる芳香族含有量の少ないラフィネートを水素化仕上げおよび/または脱ろう処理した留分を加える。また必要に応じて水素化仕上げおよび/または水素化分解処理を行う。
【0032】
本発明のゴム配合油を用いてゴム組成物を製造する際の方法は任意であるが、通常ゴム成分100重量部に対して、本発明のゴム配合油を5〜200重量部、好ましくは50〜120重量部配合して製造される。
また、本発明のゴム配合油およびゴム成分以外に、カーボンブラック、シリカ等の補強剤、加硫剤、加硫促進剤、充填剤、ワックス類等の劣化防止剤、本発明のゴム配合油以外の軟化剤または可塑剤等の通常ゴム業界で用いられるものを適宜配合することも可能である。
【0033】
【実施例】
以下、実施例と比較例により、この発明の内容を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に何ら限定されるものではない。
【0034】
本発明にかかるゴム配合油(実施例1〜2)および比較のためのゴム配合油(比較例1〜2)の製造方法を以下に示す。また、得られた各試料油の性状を表1に示す。
【0035】
(実施例1)
パラフィン系鉱油を常圧蒸留して得られる常圧残油を減圧蒸留し、減圧蒸留留出油Aおよび減圧残油Aを得た。減圧残油Aを脱れき処理し、さらにフルフラールを用いて抽出処理して、芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトAを得た。また、減圧蒸留留出油Aをフルフラールを用いて溶剤抽出処理して、芳香族含有量の少ないラフィネートAを得た。このようにして得られた、エキストラクトAおよびラフィネートAを、90:10(体積比)の割合で混合した。
【0036】
(実施例2)
ナフテン系鉱油を減圧蒸留して得られる減圧蒸留留出油Bを、水素化仕上げして芳香族含有量の少ない留出油Cを得た。実施例1で得られたエキストラクトAおよび留出油Cを、80:20(体積比)の割合で混合した。
【0037】
(比較例1)
実施例1で得られた減圧蒸留留出油Aを、フルフラールを用いて溶剤抽出処理して、芳香族含有量の多いエキストラクトBを得た。
【0038】
(比較例2)
実施例1で得られたエキストラクトAを水素化分解した。
【0039】
上記のようにして得られた実施例1〜2および比較例1〜2の各試料油(100重量部)に、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマー(200重量部)、カーボンブラック(150重量部)、酸化亜鉛(6重量部)、ステアリン酸(4重量部)を混合し、その後加硫することによってゴム組成物を得た。このようにして得られた各ゴム組成物について、下記の方法により性能評価を行った。結果を表1に合わせて示す。
【0040】
(引張試験)
各ゴム組成物を、JIS K 6301「加硫ゴム物理試験方法」に準拠して引張試験を行い、ゴム切断に至る引張強さを測定した。なお、試験片はダンベル状3号試験片を用いた。
【0041】
(オイルブリード性)
各ゴム組成物を室温で48時間放置し、目視でオイルブリードの有無を評価した。オイルブリードが無い場合はOK、オイルブリードが有る場合はNGとした。
【0042】
【表1】

Figure 0003624646
【0043】
表1の結果から明らかなように、本発明にかかるゴム配合油を用いた場合(実施例1および実施例2)には、多環芳香族化合物の含有量の多い比較例1に比べより安全性が高く、また、%C が20%に満たない比較例2に比べ、引張強さに優れ、またオイルブリードが無いことからゴム成分との親和性が良好であることが分かる。
【0044】
【発明の効果】
本発明のゴム配合油は高芳香族系鉱物油の特性を維持し、かつ安全性が高い。本発明のゴム配合油はゴム成分との親和性が良好であり、本発明のゴム配合油を用いたゴム組成物は引張強さに優れまたオイルブリードが無い。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rubber compounding oil, and more particularly to a rubber compounding oil used for a softening agent or an extending oil of a rubber composition.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, highly aromatic mineral oils are excellent in imparting low loss to rubber compositions, have high affinity with rubber components in rubber compositions such as natural rubber and synthetic rubber, and soften rubber compositions. It has been used as a rubber compounding oil such as a softener for a rubber composition and an extender oil because it has excellent characteristics and is economical.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, highly aromatic mineral oils are recommended as possible carcinogens in 1988 Proposition-65 and a series of EU directives starting in 1989, and are highly safe and highly aromatic. Mineral oil is now required.
However, under the present circumstances, no mineral oil that maintains the characteristics of the highly aromatic mineral oil and has higher safety has not been proposed.
In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a rubber compounding oil that maintains the characteristics of the highly aromatic mineral oil and has higher safety.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The rubber compounding oil according to the present invention is a rubber compounding oil having a mutagenicity index MI of less than 1.0, an aroma content (% C A ) of 20 to 55%, and the following (1) based on the total amount of the rubber compounding oil. The contents of the polycyclic aromatic compounds of (9) to (9) are each individually 10 mass ppm or less, and the total content is 50 mass ppm or less.
(1) Benzo [a] anthracene (2) Benzo [b] fluoranthene (3) Benzo [j] fluoranthene (4) Benzo [k] fluoranthene (5) Benzo [a] pyrene (6) Dibenzo [a, j] acridine (7) dibenzo [a, h] anthracene (8) 7H-dibenzo [c, g] carbazole (9) dibenzo [a, e] pyrene
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The rubber compounding oil of the present invention has an originality index according to an index of MI based on “Standard Test Method for Determining Carcinogenic Potential of Oil Bases in Metalworking Fluids” defined in ASTM-E-1687-95. It is necessary to be less than. When MI is 1.0 or more, there is a high possibility that a safety problem will occur, such being undesirable.
[0006]
Further, the rubber compounding oil of the present invention, aromatic content (% C A) of 20% or more, preferably 25% or more, more is preferably 28% or more, and is 55% or less, preferably 50% or less, more preferably Is 45% or less, even more preferably 40% or less, and most preferably 37% or less.
% C if A is less than 20%, low affinity with the rubber component, also not preferred because inferior loss performance imparted. Moreover,% C if A exceeds 55%, undesirably inferior in weather resistance and low temperature performance.
[0007]
Further, the rubber compounding oil of the present invention has a naphthene content (% C N ) of 2% or more, preferably 5% or more, more preferably 7% or more, still more preferably 10% or more, and 45% or less, preferably Is 35% or less, more preferably 30% or less, even more preferably 25% or less, and most preferably 20% or less, and the paraffin content (% C P ) is 20% or more, preferably 30% or more, more preferably It is desirable to be 40% or more, still more preferably 45% or more, most preferably 50% or more, 75% or less, preferably 70% or less, more preferably 65% or less.
[0008]
Incidentally, the above-mentioned% C A, the value of% C N and% C P are all prescribed in ASTM-D-2140-91 in compliance with the "Standard Test Method for Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin" Represents a specified value.
[0009]
In the present invention, by satisfying the above properties, and by reducing the content of the polycyclic aromatic compounds (1) to (9) below, the rubber composition is excellent in low loss imparting performance, Maintains the characteristics of highly aromatic mineral oils such as high affinity with rubber components in rubber compositions such as natural rubber and synthetic rubber, excellent softening characteristics of rubber compositions, and excellent economy. And a safer thing can be obtained.
(1) Benzo [a] anthracene (2) Benzo [b] fluoranthene (3) Benzo [j] fluoranthene (4) Benzo [k] fluoranthene (5) Benzo [a] pyrene (6) Dibenzo [a, j] acridine (7) dibenzo [a, h] anthracene (8) 7H-dibenzo [c, g] carbazole (9) dibenzo [a, e] pyrene
The content of the polycyclic aromatic compounds (1) to (9) is 10 ppm by mass or less, preferably 8 ppm by mass or less, more preferably 5 ppm by mass or less, most preferably based on the total amount of the rubber compounding oil. Is required to be 3 ppm by mass or less.
In addition, the total content of the polycyclic aromatic compounds (1) to (9) is 50 mass ppm or less, preferably 30 mass ppm or less, more preferably 15 mass ppm or less, based on the total amount of the rubber compounding oil. It is necessary to be.
[0011]
In addition, in this invention, content of each said polycyclic aromatic compound of said (1)-(9) represents the value obtained by quantifying with the SIM method by GC-MS.
[0012]
Further, the rubber compounding oil of the present invention can further improve the affinity with the rubber component in the rubber composition, and therefore conforms to JIS K 2256 “Petroleum product aniline point and mixed aniline point test method”. The specified aniline point is desirably 100 ° C. or lower, preferably 85 ° C. or lower, more preferably 70 ° C. or lower.
[0013]
In addition, the rubber compounding oil of the present invention can further improve the affinity with the rubber component, and therefore conforms to “Standard Test Method for Refractive Index of Viscous Material” defined in ASTM-D-1747-94. The value of the specified refractive index (20 ° C.) is desirably 1.46 or more, preferably 1.50 or more, more preferably 1.55 or more. The refractive index value is 1.6 or less, preferably 1.58 or less.
[0014]
In addition, the rubber compounding oil of the present invention is a V.B standard defined according to “Standard Test Method for Calculation of Gravity Constant (VGC) of Petroleum Oils” defined in ASTM-D-2501-91. G. C (viscosity specific gravity constant) is 0.85 or more, preferably 0.90 to 1.00. V. G. When C is less than 0.85, the processability of rubber may be adversely affected.
[0015]
Further, the kinematic viscosity of the rubber oil of the present invention is at 40 ℃ 600mm 2 / s or more, at 100 ℃ 70mm 2 / s or less, preferably 15~70mm 2 / s, more preferably 50 to 70 mm 2 / It is desirable that s. If the kinematic viscosity is too low, the evaporation loss may increase. If it is too high, the workability at the time of use deteriorates and at the same time the performance as a softener may not be sufficient.
[0016]
The density (15 ° C.) of the rubber compounding oil of the present invention is preferably 0.90 g / cm 3 or more, preferably 0.93 g / cm 3 or more, more preferably 0.98 g / cm 3 or more. If the density is too low, the affinity with the rubber composition may decrease.
[0017]
In addition, the rubber compounding oil of the present invention has an evaporation weight loss of 0.5% by mass or less as defined in accordance with “Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Grease and Oils” defined in ASTM-D-972-91. Is 0.3% by mass or less, more preferably 0.2% by mass or less, and still more preferably 0.15% by mass or less.
[0018]
Furthermore, the glass transition point (Tg, ° C.) measured by DSC of the rubber compounding oil of the present invention is more than −50 ° C., preferably −48 ° C., because the performance of imparting low loss to the rubber composition is further improved. As described above, it is desirable that the temperature is −46 ° C. or higher. Further, from the viewpoint of low temperature performance, it is desirable that the temperature is −20 ° C. or lower, preferably −25 ° C. or lower, more preferably −28 ° C. or lower.
[0019]
Various methods have been proposed for producing highly aromatic mineral oils. Specifically, for example, disclosed in International Publication Nos. WO93 / 00414, WO94 / 11325, WO95 / 28458, European Patent Nos. 487371, 417980, US Pat. Nos. 5,178,750, 5242579, and the like. .
[0020]
The rubber compounding oil of the present invention is not limited to the methods described in the above-mentioned known documents, but is generally a method used for refining lubricating oils, that is, paraffinic and / or naphthenic crude oils are subjected to atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation. The lubricating oil fraction obtained in this manner can also be produced by appropriately combining one or more known purification methods such as solvent extraction treatment, hydrogenation treatment, dewaxing treatment, dewaxing treatment and the like.
[0021]
The above solvent extraction treatment refers to an operation of using a solvent to separate a raffinate having a low aromatic content and an extract having a high aromatic content. As the solvent, furfural, phenol, cresol, sulfolane, N-methylpyrrolidone. , Dimethyl sulfoxide, formylmorpholine, glycol solvents and the like are used. The separation ability in the solvent extraction process varies depending on the solvent used, the ratio of the raw material oil / solvent, the reaction temperature, and the like. Therefore, the polycyclic aromatic compound (PCA) can be selectively separated by appropriately changing these conditions.
[0022]
The above hydrotreatment is an oil refining process aimed at decomposing and removing compounds such as sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and metals contained in lubricating oil fractions and reforming or decomposing hydrocarbons. is there. As a catalyst for hydrotreating, metals such as Ni, W, Pt and Pd, metal oxides such as Mo, Co, Ni and W are used as metal components, and alumina, silica, silica alumina, zeolite and the like are used as carriers. The ones used are used. In addition, hydrotreating is broadly classified into hydrofinishing performed under relatively mild reaction conditions and hydrocracking performed under severe conditions. Furthermore, it is possible to selectively decompose only PCA by changing the hydrocracking treatment conditions.
[0023]
The dewaxing treatment is for removing the wax contained in the lubricating oil fraction. The MEK dewaxing method, propane dewaxing method, Di-Me dewaxing method, urea dewaxing method, hydrogenation The dewaxing method is known.
The debris treatment is a method for removing asphalt and resinous substances contained in the vacuum distillation residual oil, and low molecular weight hydrocarbons having 1 to 5 carbon atoms are used as a solvent. A propane-butane mixture is used as the optimum solvent.
[0024]
The rubber compounding oil of the present invention can be produced by appropriately combining the methods described in the above-mentioned known documents and the above-described purification methods, but the processing conditions must be set so as to satisfy the above-mentioned properties. Needless to say. The solvent extraction treatment and hydrocracking treatment are preferably used when producing the rubber compounding oil of the present invention because it is easy to adjust the aromatic content and PCA content contained in the lubricating oil fraction. It is what
[0025]
The rubber compounding oil of the present invention can be produced by combining the above-described methods alone or in combination, and the following methods are preferably used.
(1) Solvent extraction treatment is performed on the distilled oil under reduced pressure to obtain an extract having a high aromatic content. The extract thus obtained is subjected to a hydrocracking treatment under the conditions for selectively decomposing PCA.
(2) Solvent extraction treatment is performed on the vacuum distilled oil to obtain an extract having a high aromatic content. The extract thus obtained is further subjected to a solvent extraction treatment under the condition of selectively separating PCA to obtain a highly aromatic low PCA raffinate. The raffinate thus obtained is subjected to a hydrofinishing treatment as necessary.
[0026]
(3) Hydrodewaxing the distilled oil under reduced pressure. Subsequently, the obtained oil is subjected to a solvent extraction process under the condition of selectively separating PCA to obtain a low PCA raffinate.
(4) Solvent extraction treatment is performed on the distilled oil under reduced pressure under the condition of selectively separating PCA to obtain a low PCA raffinate. The raffinate thus obtained is subjected to solvent dewaxing treatment and further subjected to hydrofinishing treatment.
[0027]
(5) The vacuum distillation residual oil is subjected to debris treatment and further subjected to solvent extraction to obtain an extract having a high aromatic content. Further, the extract thus obtained is subjected to a hydrofinishing treatment as necessary.
(6) The vacuum distillation residual oil is subjected to debris treatment and further subjected to solvent extraction treatment to obtain an extract having a high aromatic content. The extract thus obtained is further subjected to a solvent extraction treatment under the condition of selectively separating PCA to obtain a highly aromatic low PCA raffinate. The raffinate thus obtained is subjected to a hydrofinishing treatment as necessary.
[0028]
(7) The vacuum distillation residual oil is subjected to debris treatment and further subjected to hydrodewaxing treatment. Subsequently, the obtained oil is subjected to a solvent extraction process under the condition of selectively separating PCA to obtain a low PCA raffinate.
(8) The vacuum distillation residual oil is subjected to a debleaching treatment, and further subjected to a solvent extraction treatment under the condition of selectively separating PCA to obtain a low PCA raffinate. The raffinate thus obtained is subjected to solvent dewaxing treatment. Further, a hydrofinishing process is performed as necessary.
[0029]
(9) The vacuum distillation residual oil is subjected to deburring treatment and further subjected to solvent extraction treatment to obtain an extract having a high aromatic content. The extract thus obtained is subjected to a hydrocracking treatment under the conditions for selectively decomposing PCA.
(10) Hydrofinishing and / or dewaxing of the low-PCA raffinate obtained by subjecting the extract obtained by subjecting the vacuum distilled oil to a high aromatic content obtained by subjecting it to solvent extraction. Add the cut fraction. Further, if necessary, hydrofinishing treatment and / or hydrocracking treatment is performed.
[0030]
(11) The extract obtained by subjecting the extract having a high aromatic content to the extract obtained by subjecting the vacuum distillation residual oil to degassing and further solvent extraction to the hydrofinishing treatment of the vacuum distillation distillate. Add. Further, hydrofinishing and / or hydrocracking treatment is performed as necessary.
(12) The aromatic content obtained by subjecting the extract obtained by subjecting the vacuum distillation residue to a deodorization treatment and further extracting with a solvent to the extract having a high aromatic content, subjecting the vacuum distillation distillate to a solvent extraction treatment. Add less raffinate. Further, hydrofinishing and / or hydrocracking treatment is performed as necessary.
[0031]
(13) The aromatic content obtained by subjecting the extract obtained by subjecting the vacuum distillation residual oil to a deodorization treatment and further subjecting the extract to a solvent extraction treatment to the extract having a high aromatic content. Add a fraction that has been hydrofinished and / or dewaxed with less raffinate. Further, hydrofinishing and / or hydrocracking treatment is performed as necessary.
[0032]
The method for producing the rubber composition using the rubber compounding oil of the present invention is arbitrary, but the rubber compounding oil of the present invention is usually 5 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 50 parts per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component. Manufactured with ~ 120 parts by weight.
In addition to the rubber compounding oil and rubber component of the present invention, a reinforcing agent such as carbon black and silica, a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator, a filler, a deterioration preventing agent such as waxes, and the rubber compounding oil of the present invention. Those usually used in the rubber industry, such as softeners or plasticizers, can be appropriately blended.
[0033]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the contents of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
[0034]
The manufacturing method of the rubber compounding oil (Examples 1-2) concerning this invention and the rubber compounding oil for comparison (Comparative Examples 1-2) is shown below. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained sample oils.
[0035]
(Example 1)
The atmospheric residue obtained by atmospheric distillation of the paraffinic mineral oil was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain a vacuum distilled oil A and a vacuum residue A. The vacuum residue A was removed and further extracted with furfural to obtain an extract A having a high aromatic content. In addition, the distillate A obtained by distillation under reduced pressure was subjected to a solvent extraction treatment using furfural to obtain raffinate A having a low aromatic content. Extract A and raffinate A thus obtained were mixed at a ratio of 90:10 (volume ratio).
[0036]
(Example 2)
Distilled oil C having a low aromatic content was obtained by hydrofinishing vacuum distilled distillate B obtained by distillation of naphthenic mineral oil under reduced pressure. Extract A and distillate C obtained in Example 1 were mixed at a ratio of 80:20 (volume ratio).
[0037]
(Comparative Example 1)
The vacuum distillation distilled oil A obtained in Example 1 was subjected to a solvent extraction treatment using furfural to obtain an extract B having a high aromatic content.
[0038]
(Comparative Example 2)
Extract A obtained in Example 1 was hydrocracked.
[0039]
In each sample oil (100 parts by weight) of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-2 obtained as described above, styrene-butadiene copolymer (200 parts by weight), carbon black (150 parts by weight), zinc oxide (6 parts by weight) and stearic acid (4 parts by weight) were mixed and then vulcanized to obtain a rubber composition. Each rubber composition thus obtained was evaluated for performance by the following method. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0040]
(Tensile test)
Each rubber composition was subjected to a tensile test in accordance with JIS K 6301 “Physical Test Method for Vulcanized Rubber” to measure the tensile strength leading to rubber cutting. The test piece used was a dumbbell-shaped No. 3 test piece.
[0041]
(Oil bleeding)
Each rubber composition was allowed to stand at room temperature for 48 hours, and the presence or absence of oil bleed was visually evaluated. When there was no oil bleed, it was OK, and when there was oil bleed, it was NG.
[0042]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003624646
[0043]
As is clear from the results in Table 1, when the rubber compounding oil according to the present invention is used (Example 1 and Example 2), it is safer than Comparative Example 1 having a high content of polycyclic aromatic compounds. sex high and,% C a is compared with Comparative example 2 in which less than 20%, excellent in tensile strength, also can be seen that the affinity of the rubber component since oil bleeding no good.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
The rubber compounding oil of the present invention maintains the characteristics of a highly aromatic mineral oil and has high safety. The rubber compounding oil of the present invention has good affinity with the rubber component, and the rubber composition using the rubber compounding oil of the present invention is excellent in tensile strength and has no oil bleed.

Claims (1)

変異原性指数MIが1.0未満、アロマ分(%C )が20〜55%のゴム配合油であって、かつゴム配合油全量基準で下記(1)〜(9)の多環芳香族化合物の含有量がそれぞれ個々に10質量ppm以下であり、含有量の合計量が50質量ppm以下であるゴム配合油。
(1)ベンゾ[a]アントラセン
(2)ベンゾ[b]フルオランテン
(3)ベンゾ[j]フルオランテン
(4)ベンゾ[k]フルオランテン
(5)ベンゾ[a]ピレン
(6)ジベンゾ[a,j]アクリジン
(7)ジベンゾ[a,h]アントラセン
(8)7H−ジベンゾ[c,g]カルバゾール
(9)ジベンゾ[a,e]ピレン
A polycyclic aroma having a mutagenicity index MI of less than 1.0, an aroma content (% C A ) of 20 to 55%, and the following (1) to (9) based on the total amount of rubber compounded oil A rubber compounding oil in which the content of each group compound is individually 10 ppm by mass or less, and the total content is 50 ppm by mass or less.
(1) Benzo [a] anthracene (2) Benzo [b] fluoranthene (3) Benzo [j] fluoranthene (4) Benzo [k] fluoranthene (5) Benzo [a] pyrene (6) Dibenzo [a, j] acridine (7) dibenzo [a, h] anthracene (8) 7H-dibenzo [c, g] carbazole (9) dibenzo [a, e] pyrene
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