JP3615820B2 - Membrane module - Google Patents

Membrane module Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3615820B2
JP3615820B2 JP02970595A JP2970595A JP3615820B2 JP 3615820 B2 JP3615820 B2 JP 3615820B2 JP 02970595 A JP02970595 A JP 02970595A JP 2970595 A JP2970595 A JP 2970595A JP 3615820 B2 JP3615820 B2 JP 3615820B2
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Prior art keywords
membrane
hollow fiber
air
water
module
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JP02970595A
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JPH08215548A (en
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賢治 本城
真澄 小林
信也 末吉
勝行 矢ノ根
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、膜モジュールに関し、特に汚濁性(殊に有機物の汚濁性)の高い液体を濾過するのに適した中空糸膜モジュールに関する。
かかる膜モジュールによる濾過としては、具体的には、下水や排水の処理における固液分離、産業廃水処理(固液分離)、河川水濾過、工業用水道濾過、プール水濾過、食品工業等における用水の濾過および製品の清澄濾過、酒、ビール、ワイン等の濾過(特に生製品)、製薬や食品工業等におけるファーメンターからの菌体分離、染色工業における用水および溶解染料の濾過、海水濾過、RO(逆浸透)膜における純水製造プロセス(海水淡水化を含む)における前処理濾過、イオン交換膜を用いたプロセスにおける前処理濾過、イオン交換膜を用いた純水製造プロセスにおける前処理濾過等が挙げられる。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、膜モジュールは、無菌水、飲料水および高純度水の製造や空気の浄化といったいわゆる精密濾過の分野において広く使用されてきた。また、近年では、下水処理場における二次処理、三次処理や、浄化槽における固液分離、産業廃水中のSS(浮遊懸濁物質)の固液分離、浄水場における河川水の直接濾過、工業用水道水の濾過、プール水の濾過等の高汚濁性水処理用途に用いるための検討が様々な形で行われている。
【0003】
しかしながら、これらの分野で用いられている膜モジュールも、従来の精密濾過の分野において用いられてきた円形状や同心円状(平膜スパイラル、平膜プリーツ、中空糸膜綛どり等)に分離膜を収束して配置した円筒形タイプのものが殆どであった。また、改良が施されるとしても、分離膜の充填率や充填形態を変えるだけのものが多かった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
高汚濁性水(例えば、SS濃度≧50ppm ,TOC(合計有機物濃度)≧100ppm )の濾過処理については、使用に伴い膜表面または膜間に多くのSSや有機物が堆積し、これが膜閉塞の原因となり、濾過寿命の低下を招いている。そのため、膜表面や膜間を水流やエアー、振動、超音波等を用いて堆積物を剥離させ、洗浄する必要がある。
【0005】
このような濾過寿命低下の現象は、特に円筒形モジュールの中心部の分離膜において著しく、大型のものほど顕著であった。
そこで、我々は、それらの欠点を解消することを目的として、矩形に成型した中空糸膜モジュールを、特願平04−058344号、特願平04−161322号、特願平04−161323号等において提案している。また、その製造法の一例として、中空糸膜編織物を作製し、それを積層し、樹脂固定する方法を提案している。また、同様の考えは、平膜を袋状に成型したものや管状の膜においても応用できる。
【0006】
これらのモジュールは、特に、エアー上昇流で膜面の堆積物を剥離させるエアースクラビング洗浄を併用することにより、高汚濁性水の濾過に非常に大きな効能を発揮することができる。このような膜表面および膜間の洗浄は、膜面閉塞の進行具合に応じて、連続的に行ってもよいし、断続的に行ってもよい。
また、1モジュール当りの中空糸膜の本数や中空糸膜編織物の枚数が多くなった場合、およびモジュールを複数本使用しかつモジュール間の間隔をつめて支持固定した場合に見られる、中空糸膜編織物間やモジュール間へのSSの堆積や若干の濾過効率の低下については、中空糸膜編織物間やモジュール間にスペーサーを挿入して、そこからエアーを出すようにしており、これにより確実に膜間にスクラビングエアーが当たり、膜同士の固着を防ぐとともに、SSの堆積や濾過効率の低下を防ぐことができる。
【0007】
しかしながら、このような系において、中空糸編織物間やモジュール間全体に確実にエアーを当てるには、数多くのスペーサーを挿入しなければならず、部品点数の増加および装置配管系の複雑化あるいは大型化を招いていた。
したがって、本発明の目的は、高汚濁性水の濾過に使用しても、モジュール内の分離膜が固着一体化しにくく、また複数本のモジュールをその間隔を狭くして固定しても、中空糸膜の固着がなく、また1モジュール当たりの膜面積が上昇しても濾過能力の低下がない、散気機能を有するコンパクトなモジュールを提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するため、分離膜の片端部あるいは両端部を開口状態に保ちつつ固定部材により矩形状に固定してなり、少なくともエアースクラビング洗浄法により膜面洗浄を行う膜モジュールにおいて、少なくともいずれか一方の端部に集水機能を有し、かつ、少なくともいずれか一方の端部に散気機能を有することを特徴とする膜モジュールを提供する。
【0009】
かかる構成を有する本発明の膜モジュールは、エアースクラビング法が効果的に行えるコンパクトなモジュール構造を達成するものである。
【0010】
【作用】
エアースクラビング法を効果的に行うためには、膜面およ膜間に確実にエアーを当てることが必要である。特に、中空糸膜編織物や平膜などを並列に並べたようなモジュールの場合には、その編織物間や平膜間に確実に洗浄エアーを当てて、膜同士が固着あるいは接着してしまわないようにしなければならない。しかし、その重要なファクターである散気管とモジュールの位置関係および散気管の開孔ピッチ等を現場で厳密に合わせるのは非常に困難である。
【0011】
しかして、中空糸や平膜の膜面および膜間に簡便かつ確実にスクラビングエアーを当てるには、モジュールの集水管自体に散気構造を持たせることにより実現することができるのである。
【0012】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の膜モジュールについて具体的に説明する。
図1は、本発明の膜モジュールの内、中空糸を使用した膜モジュールの一例を示す斜視図である。図2は、そのような本発明の膜モジュールの他の一例を示す斜視図である。ただし、本発明において、モジュールの形態は、特にこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0013】
図1および図2に示す本発明の膜モジュールは、集水端部1、散気端部2、集水散気一体型端部3、固定部材4,5,6、中空糸膜7および散気穴8で構成される。
集水端部1、散気端部2および集水散気一体型端部3は、基本的に中空糸膜モジュール全体を維持する部材として機能し、細長いほぼ矩形の開口部を有する。その材質としては、機械的強度および耐久性を有するものであればよく、例えば、ポリカーボネート、ポリスルフォン、ポリプロピレン、アクリル樹脂、ABS樹脂、変成PPE樹脂等が例示される。使用後に焼却処理が必要な場合には、燃焼時に有毒ガスを出すことなく完全燃焼させることのできる炭化水素系の樹脂を用いるのが好ましい。
【0014】
また、これら各端部1,2,3の開口部は、そこに中空糸膜を伴って充填固定される固定部材の、中空糸膜に垂直な、断面の形状が細長いほぼ矩形となるようなものであることが必要であり、この矩形の短辺の長さが30mm以下であるのが好ましく、15mm以下であるのが特に好ましい。このように、中空糸膜の配設状態を平坦なシート状として展開することにより、中空糸膜全体が一本の棒状に固着一体化して中空糸膜の有効膜面積が急激に低下するのを防止することができる。また、たとえ中空糸膜同士が固着したとしても、中空糸膜の固着部の厚みは薄く、中空糸膜がシート状として配設されているので、容易にその固着状態を前述した手法により回復処理することができる。なお、矩形の長辺の長さについては特に限定はないが、あまり短いと1つの中空糸膜モジュール内に配設できる中空糸膜の本数が減少するので好ましくなく、一方あまりに長いと膜モジュールの製造が困難になるので好ましくない。一般には、長辺の長さは100〜2000mm程度であるのがよい。
【0015】
散気端部2は、細長い矩形の開口部の長辺の周りにスクラビングエアー吐出用の散気穴8を有しており、開口部に充填された固定部材5が、中空糸膜7の端部を閉塞したまま固定されているため、散気専用の端部として存在しており、膜間および編織物間へ確実にかつ簡便にスクラビングエアーを導き、膜同士および編織物同士の接触を抑える機能を果たす。
【0016】
集水散気一体型端部3は、散気端部2と同様に、スクラビングエアー吐出用の散気穴8を有し、散気機能を持つと同時に、開口部に充填された固定部材6が中空糸膜7の端部を開口状態を保ったまま固定されているため、集水機能をも持っている。
よって、この端部内は、散気用と集水用の流路が独立して別々に存在する、二重構造となっている。
【0017】
散気端部2、集水散気一体型端部3の散気穴8のピッチおよび穴の構造については、中空糸へ一様にエアーが当たりかつ洗浄効果の高いものであれば特に制限はない。一例を挙げると、中空糸膜編織物に対して平行に、0.5〜3mm程度の径の散気穴が30〜50mmピッチで設けられて、編織地全体にエアーを送る構造であることが望ましい。
【0018】
図3に各端部1,2,3の断面図a,b,cを示す。
図3(a)の固定部材4は、集水端部1の開口部に充填固定され、多数のU状中空糸膜7の片端部を開口状態を保ったまま収束して固定するとともにこの中空糸膜を濾過膜として機能させるために、被処理水と処理水とを液密に仕切る部材として機能する。
【0019】
図3(b)の固定部材5は、中空糸膜7の片端部を閉塞状態で収束固定し、散気端部2の開口部に充填固定される。よって、この端部側では、集水機能は持たず、端部自体に設けられた散気穴8を通して出るスクラビングエアー用の流路として存在する。
図3(c)の固定部材6は、固定部材4と同様に、多数のU状中空糸膜7の端部を開口状態を保ったまま収束固定し、集水散気一体型端部3の開口部に充填固定される。よって、この端部では、集水と散気の両方を1つの端部で同時に行うことができる二重構造となっている。図4では、中心に集水部、そのまわりにエアー流路が存在するドーナツ構造の端部を例示している。
【0020】
これらの各固定部材4,5,6は、通常、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン等の液状樹脂を硬化させて形成される。
中空糸膜3としては、種々のものが使用でき、例えば、セルロース系、ポリオレフィン系、ポリビニルアルコール系、PMMA系、ポリスルフォン系等の各種の材料からなるものが使用できる。ただし、編織地への加工のしやすさなどを考えると、ポリエチレン等の強伸度の高い材質のものが好ましい。なお、中空糸膜は、濾過膜として使用可能なものであれば、孔径、空孔率、膜厚、外径等には特に制限はない。
【0021】
中空糸膜3を、各端部1,2,3の細長いほぼ矩形の開口部にU字状に収束して収納するには、中空糸膜を例えば緯糸として用いて編織物としたものを1枚、または編織物を数枚積層した積層体を使用するのが好適である。従来の円筒形モジュールの場合には、綛取りして収束した中空糸膜を円筒形の構造材内に収束するのに困難はなかった。一方、細長い矩形の開口部に対して綛取りした中空糸膜を収納するのは困難であるが、編織地を用いれば容易に収納することができる。なお、ここでいう編織物の積層には、編織物を切断せずに適当な長さに折り畳み重ねたものを包含する。編織物の積層(もしくは折り畳み)枚数は、編織物の厚さ、すなわち、中空糸膜の太さや編織物を編成する際の中空糸膜の合糸本数によっても変化するが、通常は5枚程度までであり、前述した固定部材の矩形断面の短辺の長さの制限を満たすように構成するのが好ましい。
【0022】
前述した通り、本発明の中空糸膜モジュールの使用にあたっては、モジュールを密閉容器に配設して、被処理水を加圧し、中空糸膜を透過させる、いわゆる加圧濾過法も採用できるが、図5に示すような活性汚泥槽や沈澱槽等に中空糸膜モジュールを配設し、中空糸濾過膜を透過した処理水を回収する側を吸引する、吸引濾過法で使用することが望ましい。吸引方法としては、一般的な自給式吸引ポンプによる方法、真空ポンプによる方法、ヘッド差を利用するサイフォン方式等が主なものとして挙げられる。特に、周期的に所定時間吸引を停止する、いわゆる間欠吸引運転方法を採用することにより、膜面堆積物が内部の細孔へ入り込むのを効率的に防止することができる。
【0023】
吸引濾過法においては、モジュール外の被処理水は停止させておいてもよいが、攪拌したり、あるいは被処理水を中空糸膜の配設方向に対してほぼ垂直に流して中空糸膜の膜面の洗浄効率をアップさせつつ、実施することが好ましい。
なお、上記においては、中空糸膜を主体として説明したが、中空糸に代えて平膜、管状膜等を使用しても、同様に本発明の膜モジュールを作製できることは自明である。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明の膜モジュールは、モジュール端部に集水機能と散気機能を持たせることにより、より多くの膜に簡便かつ確実にスクラビングエアーを当てることができ、かつ、膜間への有機物の堆積が抑えられて、膜の固着一体化が防止され、特に高汚濁水の濾過において、長期にわたって高い濾過効率を保つことが可能である。また、従来のような散気管とモジュールとの細かい位置合わせが不要なため、モジュールの設置が簡便であり、別構造の散気管が不要なため、非常にコンパクトなモジュールを提供することができる。また、既存の曝気槽等へのモジュールの設置も非常に簡便に行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の膜モジュールの内、中空糸を使用した膜モジュールの一例を示す斜視図である。
【図2】本発明の膜モジュールの内、中空糸を使用した膜モジュールの他の一例を示す斜視図である。
【図3】本発明の膜モジュールの各端部の断面図を示す斜視図である。
【図4】集水散気一体型端部の一例を示す横断面図である。
【図5】本発明の膜モジュールの内、中空糸を使用した膜モジュールの設置形態の一例を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1…集水端部
2…散気端部
3…集水散気一体型端部
4…集水端部固定部材
5…散気端部固定部材
6…集水散気一体型端部固定部材
7…中空糸膜
8…散気穴
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a membrane module, and more particularly to a hollow fiber membrane module suitable for filtering a liquid having high pollution (particularly, organic pollution).
Specifically, filtration by such a membrane module includes solid-liquid separation in sewage and wastewater treatment, industrial wastewater treatment (solid-liquid separation), river water filtration, industrial water filtration, pool water filtration, water for use in the food industry, etc. Filtration and clarification of products, filtration of liquor, beer, wine, etc. (especially raw products), separation of bacterial cells from fermenters in the pharmaceutical and food industries, filtration of water and dissolved dyes in the dyeing industry, seawater filtration, RO (Reverse Osmosis) Pretreatment filtration in pure water production processes (including seawater desalination) in membranes, pretreatment filtration in processes using ion exchange membranes, pretreatment filtration in pure water production processes using ion exchange membranes, etc. Can be mentioned.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, membrane modules have been widely used in the field of so-called microfiltration, such as the production of sterile water, drinking water and high-purity water, and air purification. In recent years, secondary and tertiary treatment in sewage treatment plants, solid-liquid separation in septic tanks, solid-liquid separation of SS (floating suspended solids) in industrial wastewater, direct filtration of river water in water treatment plants, industrial use Studies for use in highly polluted water treatment applications such as tap water filtration and pool water filtration have been conducted in various forms.
[0003]
However, the membrane modules used in these fields also have separation membranes in a circular shape or concentric shape (flat membrane spiral, flat membrane pleat, hollow fiber membrane winding, etc.) that have been used in the field of conventional microfiltration. Most of the cylindrical types were converged and arranged. Even if improvements are made, there are many cases in which only the filling rate and packing form of the separation membrane are changed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For filtration of highly polluted water (for example, SS concentration ≧ 50 ppm, TOC (total organic matter concentration) ≧ 100 ppm), a lot of SS and organic matter are deposited with the surface of the membrane or between membranes. Thus, the filtration life is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to peel the deposits between the membrane surfaces and between the membranes using water flow, air, vibration, ultrasonic waves, etc., and to wash them.
[0005]
Such a phenomenon that the filtration life is reduced is particularly remarkable in the separation membrane at the center of the cylindrical module, and is more remarkable as the size is larger.
Therefore, for the purpose of eliminating these drawbacks, we have made hollow fiber membrane modules molded into a rectangular shape, such as Japanese Patent Application No. 04-058344, Japanese Patent Application No. 04-161322, Japanese Patent Application No. 04-161323, etc. Proposed in As an example of the manufacturing method, a method of producing a hollow fiber membrane knitted fabric, laminating it, and fixing with a resin is proposed. The same idea can also be applied to a flat membrane molded into a bag or a tubular membrane.
[0006]
In particular, these modules can exert a very large effect on the filtration of highly polluted water by using in combination with air scrubbing cleaning in which deposits on the film surface are peeled off by an upward air flow. Such cleaning between the membrane surface and the membrane may be performed continuously or intermittently depending on the progress of the membrane surface blockage.
Hollow fibers found when the number of hollow fiber membranes per module and the number of hollow fiber membrane knitted fabrics increase, and when a plurality of modules are used and the intervals between the modules are held and fixed. For SS accumulation between membrane knitted fabrics and between modules and slight decrease in filtration efficiency, spacers are inserted between hollow fiber membrane knitted fabrics and between modules, and air is emitted from there. The scrubbing air can surely hit between the membranes to prevent the membranes from sticking to each other and to prevent the deposition of SS and the reduction of the filtration efficiency.
[0007]
However, in such a system, in order to reliably apply air to the entire hollow fiber knitted fabric or between the modules, a large number of spacers must be inserted, which increases the number of parts and makes the apparatus piping system complicated or large. Was inviting.
Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide a hollow fiber even when used for filtration of highly polluted water, even if the separation membrane in the module is difficult to be fixed and integrated, and even if a plurality of modules are narrowed and fixed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compact module having an aeration function in which there is no adhesion of the membrane, and even when the membrane area per module increases, the filtration capacity does not decrease.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a membrane module in which one or both ends of a separation membrane are fixed in a rectangular shape by a fixing member while maintaining an open state, and at least a membrane surface is cleaned by an air scrubbing cleaning method. There is provided a membrane module characterized by having a water collecting function at at least one end portion and having an air diffusion function at at least one end portion.
[0009]
The membrane module of the present invention having such a configuration achieves a compact module structure in which the air scrubbing method can be effectively performed.
[0010]
[Action]
To perform air scrubbing method effectively, it is necessary to apply the reliable air between the film surface and membrane. In particular, in the case of a module in which hollow fiber membrane knitted fabrics or flat membranes are arranged in parallel, the membrane is fixed or bonded by applying cleaning air between the knitted fabrics or between the flat membranes. There must be no. However, it is very difficult to precisely match the important factors such as the positional relationship between the air diffuser and the module, the aperture pitch of the air diffuser and the like on site.
[0011]
Thus, in order to apply the scrubbing air easily and reliably between the membrane surface of the hollow fiber or the flat membrane and the membrane, it can be realized by providing the water collecting pipe itself of the module with an air diffusion structure.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the membrane module of the present invention will be specifically described.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a membrane module using hollow fibers among the membrane modules of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another example of such a membrane module of the present invention. However, in the present invention, the form of the module is not particularly limited to these.
[0013]
The membrane module of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 includes a water collecting end 1, a diffuser end 2, a water collecting diffuser integrated end 3, fixing members 4, 5, 6, a hollow fiber membrane 7 and a diffuser. Consists of air holes 8.
The water collection end 1, the air diffusion end 2, and the water collection / air diffusion integrated end 3 basically function as members that maintain the entire hollow fiber membrane module, and have an elongated, substantially rectangular opening. Any material may be used as long as it has mechanical strength and durability. Examples thereof include polycarbonate, polysulfone, polypropylene, acrylic resin, ABS resin, and modified PPE resin. When incineration is required after use, it is preferable to use a hydrocarbon-based resin that can be completely burned without emitting a toxic gas during combustion.
[0014]
In addition, the opening of each of the end portions 1, 2, and 3 is a fixing member that is filled and fixed with the hollow fiber membrane therein, and is perpendicular to the hollow fiber membrane and has a substantially rectangular shape in cross section. The length of the short side of this rectangle is preferably 30 mm or less, and particularly preferably 15 mm or less. Thus, by deploying the arrangement state of the hollow fiber membrane as a flat sheet, the entire hollow fiber membrane is fixed and integrated into a single rod shape, and the effective membrane area of the hollow fiber membrane is rapidly reduced. Can be prevented. Even if the hollow fiber membranes are fixed to each other, the thickness of the fixing portion of the hollow fiber membrane is thin and the hollow fiber membrane is arranged as a sheet, so that the fixed state can be easily recovered by the above-described method. can do. The length of the long side of the rectangle is not particularly limited. However, if the length is too short, the number of hollow fiber membranes that can be disposed in one hollow fiber membrane module is reduced. Since manufacture becomes difficult, it is not preferable. In general, the length of the long side is preferably about 100 to 2000 mm.
[0015]
The diffuser end 2 has a diffuser hole 8 for discharging scrubbing air around the long side of the elongated rectangular opening, and the fixing member 5 filled in the opening is connected to the end of the hollow fiber membrane 7. Since it is fixed with the part closed, it exists as an end exclusively for air diffusion, and it reliably and easily guides scrubbing air between the membranes and between the knitted fabrics, and suppresses contact between the membranes and between the knitted fabrics. Fulfills the function.
[0016]
Like the air diffusion end portion 2, the water collection air diffusion integrated end portion 3 has an air diffusion hole 8 for discharging scrubbing air, and has an air diffusion function, and at the same time, a fixing member 6 filled in the opening. However, since the end of the hollow fiber membrane 7 is fixed in an open state, it also has a water collecting function.
Therefore, the inside of this end portion has a double structure in which a diffuser channel and a water collecting channel independently exist separately.
[0017]
As for the pitch and the structure of the air diffuser holes 8 of the air diffuser end portion 2 and the water collecting air diffuser integrated end portion 3, there is no particular limitation as long as the air uniformly hits the hollow fiber and has a high cleaning effect. Absent. As an example, it is a structure in which air diffused holes having a diameter of about 0.5 to 3 mm are provided at a pitch of 30 to 50 mm in parallel to the hollow fiber membrane knitted fabric and air is sent to the entire knitted fabric. desirable.
[0018]
FIG. 3 shows sectional views a, b, and c of the end portions 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
The fixing member 4 in FIG. 3 (a) is filled and fixed in the opening of the water collection end 1, and converges and fixes one end of a number of U-shaped hollow fiber membranes 7 while maintaining the open state. In order to make the yarn membrane function as a filtration membrane, it functions as a member for partitioning water to be treated and treated water in a liquid-tight manner.
[0019]
The fixing member 5 in FIG. 3 (b) converges and fixes one end of the hollow fiber membrane 7 in a closed state, and is filled and fixed in the opening of the air diffusion end 2. Therefore, on this end portion side, it does not have a water collecting function, and exists as a flow path for scrubbing air that exits through the air diffusion holes 8 provided in the end portion itself.
The fixing member 6 in FIG. 3C, like the fixing member 4, converges and fixes the ends of a number of U-shaped hollow fiber membranes 7 while maintaining the open state. Filled and fixed in the opening. Therefore, in this edge part, it has the double structure which can perform both water collection and aeration simultaneously with one edge part. In FIG. 4, the end part of the donut structure in which the water collection part exists in the center and the air flow path exists around it is illustrated.
[0020]
Each of these fixing members 4, 5 and 6 is usually formed by curing a liquid resin such as an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, or polyurethane.
As the hollow fiber membrane 3, various materials can be used. For example, materials made of various materials such as cellulose, polyolefin, polyvinyl alcohol, PMMA, and polysulfone can be used. However, considering the ease of processing into a knitted fabric, a material having high elongation such as polyethylene is preferable. In addition, if a hollow fiber membrane can be used as a filtration membrane, there will be no restriction | limiting in particular in a hole diameter, a porosity, a film thickness, an outer diameter, etc.
[0021]
In order to store the hollow fiber membrane 3 in a substantially rectangular opening at each end 1, 2, 3 so as to converge in a U-shape, the hollow fiber membrane 3 is a knitted fabric using, for example, a weft as a knitted fabric. It is preferable to use a laminate obtained by laminating several sheets or knitted fabrics. In the case of the conventional cylindrical module, there was no difficulty in converging the hollow fiber membrane that has been scraped and converged into the cylindrical structural material. On the other hand, it is difficult to store a hollow fiber membrane that has been trimmed into an elongated rectangular opening, but can be easily stored using a knitted fabric. In addition, the lamination | stacking of the knitted fabric here includes what folded and piled up the appropriate length without cut | disconnecting a knitted fabric. The number of laminated (or folded) knitted fabrics varies depending on the thickness of the knitted fabric, that is, the thickness of the hollow fiber membrane and the number of combined yarns of the hollow fiber membrane when the knitted fabric is knitted. It is preferable that it is configured so as to satisfy the limitation of the length of the short side of the rectangular cross section of the fixing member described above.
[0022]
As described above, in using the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention, a so-called pressure filtration method in which the module is disposed in a sealed container, pressurizes water to be treated, and permeates the hollow fiber membrane can be employed. It is desirable to use a suction filtration method in which a hollow fiber membrane module is disposed in an activated sludge tank, a sedimentation tank or the like as shown in FIG. 5 and the side for collecting treated water that has permeated through the hollow fiber filtration membrane is sucked. As a suction method, a method using a general self-contained suction pump, a method using a vacuum pump, a siphon method using a head difference, and the like are mainly listed. In particular, by adopting a so-called intermittent suction operation method in which suction is periodically stopped for a predetermined time, it is possible to efficiently prevent film surface deposits from entering the internal pores.
[0023]
In the suction filtration method, the water to be treated outside the module may be stopped, but stirring or the water to be treated is allowed to flow substantially perpendicularly to the direction in which the hollow fiber membrane is disposed. It is preferable to carry out while increasing the cleaning efficiency of the film surface.
In the above description, the hollow fiber membrane is mainly described. However, it is obvious that the membrane module of the present invention can be similarly produced even when a flat membrane, a tubular membrane or the like is used instead of the hollow fiber.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
The membrane module of the present invention has a water collecting function and a diffuser function at the end of the module, so that scrubbing air can be easily and reliably applied to more membranes, and organic matter is deposited between the membranes. Is suppressed, and the membranes are prevented from being fixed and integrated, and it is possible to maintain high filtration efficiency over a long period of time, particularly in the filtration of highly polluted water. In addition, since the fine alignment between the diffuser tube and the module as in the related art is unnecessary, the installation of the module is simple, and the diffuser tube having a different structure is unnecessary, so that a very compact module can be provided. Moreover, the installation of the module in an existing aeration tank or the like can be performed very simply.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a membrane module using a hollow fiber in the membrane module of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another example of a membrane module using a hollow fiber in the membrane module of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a cross-sectional view of each end of the membrane module of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an end portion integrated with a water collection diffuser.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an installation form of a membrane module using a hollow fiber in the membrane module of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water collecting end part 2 ... Air diffused end part 3 ... Water collecting air diffused integrated type end part 4 ... Water collecting end fixed member 5 ... Air diffused end fixed member 6 ... Water collecting diffused integrated type end fixed member 7 ... Hollow fiber membrane 8 ... Aeration hole

Claims (2)

分離膜の片端部あるいは両端部が開口状態で、分離膜に垂直な断面の形状がほぼ矩形であって、長辺の長さが100〜2000mmとなるように、集水機能および散気機能を有する円筒状の集水散気一体型端部の開口部に、固定部材により固定されてなり、少なくともエアースクラビング洗浄法により膜面洗浄を行う膜モジュール。Water collecting function and air diffusion function so that one end or both ends of the separation membrane are open and the shape of the cross section perpendicular to the separation membrane is substantially rectangular and the length of the long side is 100 to 2000 mm A membrane module that is fixed to an opening of a cylindrical water collection diffuser integrated end portion having a fixing member and performs membrane cleaning at least by an air scrubbing cleaning method. 前記集水散気一体型端部は、散気用と集水用の流路が独立して別々に存在する二重管構造である請求項1に記載の膜モジュール。2. The membrane module according to claim 1, wherein the end portion integrated with the water collection diffuser has a double-pipe structure in which flow channels for air diffusion and water collection exist independently separately.
JP02970595A 1995-02-17 1995-02-17 Membrane module Expired - Fee Related JP3615820B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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JP3615820B2 true JP3615820B2 (en) 2005-02-02

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5639373A (en) 1995-08-11 1997-06-17 Zenon Environmental Inc. Vertical skein of hollow fiber membranes and method of maintaining clean fiber surfaces while filtering a substrate to withdraw a permeate
EP0846023B1 (en) 1995-08-11 2002-10-23 Zenon Environmental Inc. Vertical skein of hollow fiber membranes and method of maintaining clean fiber surfaces
US8852438B2 (en) 1995-08-11 2014-10-07 Zenon Technology Partnership Membrane filtration module with adjustable header spacing
WO1998007506A1 (en) 1996-08-22 1998-02-26 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Hollow fiber membrane module, hollow fiber membrane module unit using the same, and septic tank provided with the module unit
KR100594495B1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2006-06-30 코오롱건설주식회사 Immersed hollow fiber membrane module
KR101798551B1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2017-11-16 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 Filtration Memebrane Module and Filtration System Having The Same
CN103071406B (en) * 2013-01-29 2015-09-23 沁园集团股份有限公司 A kind of anti-pollution doughnut curtain type membrane element of high packed density

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