JP3602219B2 - Electrode structure and electric heater - Google Patents

Electrode structure and electric heater Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3602219B2
JP3602219B2 JP24743895A JP24743895A JP3602219B2 JP 3602219 B2 JP3602219 B2 JP 3602219B2 JP 24743895 A JP24743895 A JP 24743895A JP 24743895 A JP24743895 A JP 24743895A JP 3602219 B2 JP3602219 B2 JP 3602219B2
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electrode
holding
structure according
electrode structure
insulator
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JPH0992442A (en
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智治 近藤
匡人 伊藤
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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NGK Insulators Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は電極構造およびそれを備えたヒーターユニットに関し、更に詳しくは、例えば金属質ハウジング内に収容された被通電体等に接続して被通電体に電気を通電するための電極構造およびそれを備えた通電発熱式ヒーターに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
産業分野及び日常生活において、電極構造を高温の被通電体に設置して用いる場合が少なくない。例えば、自動車等の排ガスを浄化するために用いられる触媒コンバーターにおいて、触媒を早期にその作用温度まで昇温させるために、通電発熱式ヒーターを配設する技術が知られている。この通電発熱式ヒーターは、通常、金属質のハニカム構造体を缶体等の金属質ハウジング内に収容して保持するとともに、被通電体であるこのハニカム構造体に通電のための電極を設けて構成される。
【0003】
そして、このような通電発熱式ヒーターの電極構造として、従来、図10に示すような電極構造が提案されている。図10において、金属ボルトからなる電極本体6には、金属質ハウジング(缶体)2と電極本体6との間を絶縁するための絶縁部材(碍子)8a、8b、電極保持管体26が、ワッシャーなどを介してナット14にて固定されており、これが金属製ハウジング2に設けられた孔12に挿入され、溶接固定されている。金属質ハウジング2内部側の電極6端部は、金属質の連結部材16を介してハニカム構造体3の一部に接続されている。また、ガスリーク防止のため、セメントシール材28を介在させることによってガスシール性を保持させている。
【0004】
ところで、電極本体の一端にリード線を接続する場合は、通常、リード線は、被通電体と絶縁するため被覆材で覆われる。この被覆材としては、具体的には、テフロン、ガラスファイバーで編組被覆したポリイミドテープ等を使用することができる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、これらの素材は耐熱温度が250℃程度と低いため、通電発熱式ヒーターのような高温の被通電体を長時間に渡って作動させた場合等には電極の先端部分の温度が上昇し、そのために被覆材が劣化し、漏電を起こす恐れがあった。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の発明者らは、上記の不都合を解消すべく鋭意検討した結果、電極本体を中空にすることにより、電極の先端部分の温度上昇を抑えることができることを見いだし本発明を完成するに至った。
【0007】
即ち、本発明によれば、金属質ハウジング内に収容された被通電体の一部に、その一端にて、金属質の連結部材を介して溶接により接続される金属質の電極本体と、該電極本体と該金属質ハウジングに連設された電極保持管体との間に介在し、該電極本体と該電極保持管体間を絶縁するための絶縁部材と、該電極本体と該電極保持管体との間をシールするためのシール材とを備えた電極構造であって、該電極本体は、中空部分を有するとともに、一端が閉塞した円筒形状を有し、該中空部分は、該電極本体の他端に設けた開口部を通じてのみ、該電極本体の外部と連通し、該電極本体の開口部を有する端面の面積と開口部の面積の和が8〜150mm 2 であり、そのうち該開口部の面積が15〜85%を占め、該中空部分が、該電極本体の該絶縁部材又は該シール部材から露出した部分のうち、開口部を設けた側の部分の長さの10%以上、電極本体の全長の98%以下を占めることを特徴とする電極構造が提供される。
【0010】
発明の電極構造は、金属質ハウジング内に収容された被通電体に接続し、被通電体に電気を通電するために用いることが好ましい。被通電体は金属質ハニカム構造体であってもよい。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、電極本体は中空部分を有する。空気の比熱は金属の比熱に比べて大きいため、電極本体を中空とすることにより、同量の熱量を受けた場合の電極本体の温度上昇を抑えることができるのである。
【0012】
本発明において、電極本体は、中空部分を有、一方を閉塞した円筒である。開口部、単一である場合に限られるわけではなく、図8に示すように複数の開口部30を有していてもよい。また、電極本体の開口部を有する端面の面積と開口部の面積の和は8〜150mm 2 であり、そのうち開口部の面積が15〜85%を占める。また、中空部分は、電極本体の絶縁部材又はシール部材から露出した部分のうち、開口部を設けた側の部分の長さの10%以上、電極本体の全長の98%以下を占める。
【0013】
又、被通電体が自動車エンジンである場合は、被通電体を金属質ハウジング内に収容した上で、その被通電体の一部に電極本体の一端を接続し、さらに、絶縁部材とシール部材を、電極本体と金属質ハウジングに連設した電極保持管体との間に配置するとともに、上記中空部分を、電極本体の被通電体に接続されていない側の端部に設けた開口部を介してのみ電極本体外部と連通させる。中空部分に開口部を設けることにより、中空部分の空気と電極本体外部の空気の間に対流が生じ、電極本体の温度上昇をさらに抑えることができる。なお、被通電体と接続した側の端部を閉塞するのは、被通電体側からのガスが、電極本体の反対側へ漏れるのを防止するためである。
【0014】
以下、本発明の電極構造を自動車エンジンについて用いる場合について説明する。この場合において、電極本体の形状として一方を閉塞した円筒形を採用した場合には、その直径は、6〜15mmであることが好ましく、8〜10mmであることがより好ましい。従って、その円筒形を円柱と考えた場合の端面に相当する部分の面積は、15〜44mm、好ましくは22〜28mmとなる。直径が6mm未満の場合は、通電の際に異常発熱を起こす恐れがあり、10mmより大きい場合は、電極全体のサイズが大きくなり過ぎるからである。
【0015】
電極本体の開口率、即ち、図9において、開口部30を有する端面38の面積と開口部30の面積の和(その円筒形を円柱と考えた場合の端面に相当する部分の面積)のうち開口部30の面積の占める割合は、15〜85%であり、15〜70%であることがより好ましい。15%未満の場合は電極本体6の先端部の温度を十分に下げることが困難であり、70%を越える場合は電極本体6の機械的強度が低くなるからである。
【0016】
中空部分31の長さは、電極本体6の絶縁部材又はシール部材39から露出した部分40及び41のうち、開口部30を設けた側の部分40の長さの10%以上、電極本体6の全長の98%以下を占め、より好ましくは、それぞれ30%以上、98%以下である。中空部分31が露出部分40の長さの10%未満の場合は電極本体6の先端部の温度を十分に低くすることが困難だからである。
【0017】
電極本体の材質には熱拡散性が良好な素材が用いられるが、ステンレス系金属を用いることが好ましく、より具体的にはフェライトステンレスを用いることが好ましい。
【0018】
電極本体は絶縁部材を介して金属質ハウジングに連設した電極保持缶体に固定される。又、電極本体と電極保持管体との間はシール材によりシールされる。
【0019】
この場合、絶縁部材を第一絶縁体、及び第二絶縁体から構成するとともに、セメントシール材を第一絶縁体と第二絶縁体の間に充填することが、ガスシール性に優れる点のほか、排気ガス配管外より飛来する固形物が電極に衝突した場合であっても、ガスシール性および絶縁性の低下が生じ難く、好ましい。第一絶縁体及び第二絶縁体はセラミック質で所定の強度を有する材料、具体的には、アルミナ質、磁器質からなるもの等を用いることができる。
【0020】
又、絶縁部材と電極本体及び電極保持缶体の間を金属シール材にてシールしてもよい。この場合、さらに、電極本体と電極保持缶体との間に電極本体、電極保持缶体及び絶縁部材相互の間の熱膨張差を吸収するバネ部材並びにバネ部材に荷重を伝える押さえ部材を設けることが好ましい。このような構成とすることにより、金属シールによりガスシール性が維持されるとともに、バネ部材により部材間の熱膨張差を吸収できる構造となる。押さえ部材の電極本体への固定は、ナット状に形成した押さえ部材を電極本体と嵌合することによって行ってもよいが、押さえ部材の一部を電極本体に対してかしめたり、電極本体に溶接することによって行ってもよい。
【0021】
又、絶縁コート材を電極本体、電極保持缶体のいずれか又は双方に被覆することにより、電極本体と電極保持缶体の間を絶縁してもよい。又、絶縁コート材を被覆した電極本体を電極保持缶体に圧入すれば、気密性の点で好ましい。絶縁コート材としては、アルミナ、セラミックス等が好適に用いられるが、アルミナをプラズマ溶射することが好ましい。
電極本体に絶縁コート材を被覆した場合には電極保持缶体と絶縁コート材の間、電極保持缶体に絶縁コート材を被覆した場合には電極本体と該絶縁コート材の間を金属シール材にてシールすれば、電極にガスシール性が付与され好ましい。
【0022】
金属質ハウジングの内部側にある電極本体の一端は金属質の連結部材を介して、溶接により金属質ハウジング内に収容された被通電体の一部に接続される。被通電体としては、代表的には金属質ハニカム構造体が挙げられ、この場合には、自動車の排ガス浄化用触媒コンバーター等に設けられる通電発熱式ヒーターの電極構造となる。また、金属質ハニカム構造体以外にも様々な被通電体を用いることができる。
【0023】
一方、電極本体の他端はリード線に接続されるが、その接続は、直接溶接したり接続部材を介する等種々の方法にて行われる。なお、リード線の芯線部の径としては、φ1.0〜5.0mmが好ましく、芯線としては、φ0.5mm以下の細い線をよりあわせたものを用いることが好ましい。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
図1は、本発明に係る電極構造の一例を示す説明図である。図中、2は金属質ハウジング、26は電極保持缶体、6は電極本体、16は金属質の連結部材、8aは第一絶縁体、8bは第二絶縁体、28はセメントシール材、20はリード線、4はリード線の被覆材をそれぞれ示す。
【0025】
図1に示す電極構造において、電極本体6は、そのリード線20と接続された側に設けた開口部30を介して電極本体外部と連通する中空部分31を有する。電極本体6は金属ハウジング2に設けられた孔12に挿通されるとともに、第一絶縁体8aと第二絶縁体8b、および第一絶縁体8aと第二絶縁体8bの間に充填されたセメントシール材28を介して、金属質ハウジング2に連設した電極保持缶体26に固定されている。電極本体6の上部とリード線20の下端部との間には、両者間を電気的に接続するための接続部材36が連結されている。
この電極構造は、組立性、生産性とともにガスシール性に優れ、しかも排気ガス配管外より飛来する固形物が電極に衝突した場合であっても、ガスシール性および絶縁性の低下が生じ難く、構造的に強く、安全性が高い。
【0026】
図2は、本発明に係る電極構造において、電極保持缶体と電極本体との間に設けた絶縁部材と、電極本体及び電極保持缶体の間を金属シール材にてシールした例である。
図2に示す電極構造において、第一絶縁体8a、及び第二絶縁体8bが電極保持管体26と電極本体6との間に設けられ、第一絶縁体8a及び第二絶縁体8bと電極保持缶体26との間、並びに第二絶縁体8aと電極本体6との間は金属シール材10によりシールされている。皿バネ22の上下は押さえ部材24により支持されている。押さえ部材24は熱膨張差により電極にかかる荷重を効率良く皿バネ22に伝える働きをする。
【0027】
押さえ部材24の電極本体6への固定は、図3に示すように、電極本体6上の所定の位置に押さえ部材保持部34を設け、それに一部切断リング状の押さえ部材24(図11)の内縁部をはめ込むことによって行ってもよい。
【0028】
図4は、アルミナをプラズマ溶射して成る絶縁コート材を電極本体に被覆することにより、電極本体と電極保持缶体とを絶縁した例である。絶縁コート材8cを被覆した電極本体6は、電極保持缶体26に圧入されている。
【0029】
なお、電極本体とリード線は種々の方法により接続されるが、図5〜7にその例を示す。
図5において、電極本体6とリード線20は接続部材36を介して接続される。接続部材36はその一端に設けられた爪部35によりリード線20に固定されている。又、他端に設けられた接続部材36の保持部37は外側に湾曲し、その湾曲部分を介して電極本体6にプロジェクション溶接されている。
図6においては、接続部材36はその一端に設けた爪部35によりリード線20に固定されているとともに、他端に設けられた電極本体6の保持部37を外側からかしめることにより電極本体6に固定されている。電極本体6と接続部材36との間をスポット溶接してもよい。
又、図7では、接続部材36はその一端に設けた爪部35によりリード線20に固定されているとともに、接続部材36の他端に設けた雌ネジ部と電極本体6に設けた雄ネジ部を螺合することにより電極本体6に固定されている。
【0030】
[評価]
本発明の一実施例である図1の電極構造、及び図10に示す従来型の電極構造について、下記に示す電極温度の測定試験を行った。
それぞれの電極構造を用いたEHCを車両の床下に取り付け、30km/hの速度で10°の登板走行を20分間行った後、エンジンを切った。それぞれのエンジンについて走行中安定温度及び最高温度を測定した。なお、走行中安定温度とは、走行時の最高温度(20分程度走行すれば一定温度となる。)をいい、最高温度とはエンジンを切った後の最高温度をいう。表1に測定結果を示す。
【0031】
【表1】

Figure 0003602219
【0032】
表1より、本発明の電極構造を用いた場合には、従来の電極構造を用いた場合に比べ、走行中安定温度で22%、最高温度で20%、電極温度が低下したことがわかる。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の電極構造は、その電極本体に中空部分を有するため、電極の先端部分の温度上昇を抑えることができ、リード線の被覆材の劣化による漏電を効果的に防止することができる。中空部分を開口部を通じて外部と連通させることにより、先端部分の温度上昇をさらに抑えることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る電極構造の一例を示す説明図である。
【図2】本発明に係る電極構造の他の例を示す説明図である。
【図3】押さえ部材と電極との固定例を示す部分説明図である。
【図4】本発明に係る電極構造のさらに他の例を示す説明図である。
【図5】電極本体とリード線との接続例を示す部分説明図である。
【図6】電極本体とリード線との他の接続例を示す部分説明図である。
【図7】電極本体とリード線とのさらに他の接続例を示す部分説明図である。
【図8】(a)電極本体に設けた開口部の一例を示す斜視図である。(b)電極本体に設けた開口部の他の例を示す斜視図である。
【図9】電極本体に設けた開口部のさらに他の例を示す斜視図である。
【図10】従来の電極構造の例を示す部分説明図である。
【図11】押さえ部材の一例を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
2…金属質ハウジング、3・・・ハニカム構造体、4・・・リード線の被覆材、6…電極本体、8…絶縁部材、10・・・金属シール材、12…孔、14…ナット、16…連結部材、20…リード線、22・・・皿バネ、24・・・押さえ部材、26…電極保持管体、28…セメントシール材、30…開口部、31・・・中空部分、32・・・段差、34・・・押さえ部材保持部、35・・・爪部、36・・・接続部材、37・・・保持部、38・・・開口部を有する端面、39・・・絶縁部材又はシール部材、40、41・・・電極本体の露出部分。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrode structure and a heater unit including the same, and more particularly, to an electrode structure for supplying electricity to a current-receiving body by connecting it to a current-receiving body or the like housed in a metal housing, for example. The present invention relates to a current-carrying heat-type heater provided.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the industrial field and everyday life, there are many cases where an electrode structure is installed on a high-temperature conductive body and used. For example, in a catalytic converter used for purifying exhaust gas from automobiles or the like, a technique is known in which an energized heating type heater is provided in order to quickly raise the temperature of a catalyst to its operating temperature. This energizing and heating type heater usually accommodates and holds a metal honeycomb structure in a metal housing such as a can body, and provides an electrode for energization in the honeycomb structure which is a current-carrying body. Be composed.
[0003]
As an electrode structure of such a current-carrying heater, an electrode structure as shown in FIG. 10 has been conventionally proposed. In FIG. 10, insulating members (insulators) 8a and 8b for insulating the metal housing (can body) 2 and the electrode body 6 from each other and an electrode holding tube 26 are provided on the electrode body 6 made of metal bolts. It is fixed by a nut 14 via a washer or the like, and this is inserted into a hole 12 provided in the metal housing 2 and fixed by welding. An end of the electrode 6 on the inner side of the metal housing 2 is connected to a part of the honeycomb structure 3 via a metal connecting member 16. Further, in order to prevent gas leakage, a gas sealing property is maintained by interposing a cement sealing material 28.
[0004]
By the way, when a lead wire is connected to one end of the electrode main body, the lead wire is usually covered with a covering material to insulate it from an object to be electrically conductive. As this coating material, specifically, Teflon, a polyimide tape braided with glass fiber, or the like can be used.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since these materials have a low heat resistance temperature of about 250 ° C., when a high-temperature subject such as a current-carrying heater is operated for a long time, the temperature at the tip of the electrode rises. As a result, the coating material may be deteriorated, resulting in electric leakage.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned inconveniences, and as a result, have found that by making the electrode main body hollow, it is possible to suppress a rise in temperature at the tip portion of the electrode, and have completed the present invention. Was.
[0007]
That is, according to the present invention, a metal electrode main body connected to a part of a current-carrying object housed in a metal housing at one end thereof by welding via a metal connecting member; An insulating member interposed between the electrode main body and the electrode holding tube connected to the metal housing to insulate between the electrode main body and the electrode holding tube, the electrode main body and the electrode holding tube An electrode structure having a sealing material for sealing between the electrode body and the electrode body, wherein the electrode body has a hollow portion and has a cylindrical shape with one end closed, and the hollow portion includes the electrode body. Only through an opening provided at the other end of the electrode body, the sum of the area of the end face having the opening of the electrode body and the area of the opening is 8 to 150 mm 2 , and Occupies 15 to 85% of the area of the electrode body, Edge member or of the portion exposed from the sealing member, an opening is provided side portions of the length of more than 10%, the electrode structure is provided, characterized in that occupy 98% or less of the total length of the electrode body .
[0010]
The electrode structure of the present invention is preferably used to connect to an object to be energized accommodated in a metal housing and to conduct electricity to the object to be energized. The current-receiving body may be a metallic honeycomb structure.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the electrode body has a hollow portion. Since the specific heat of air is greater than the specific heat of metal, by making the electrode body hollow, the temperature rise of the electrode body when receiving the same amount of heat can be suppressed.
[0012]
In the present invention, the electrode body have a hollow portion, Ru cylindrical der of closing one. Open mouth is not limited to the case of a single, or may have a plurality of openings 30 as shown in FIG. The sum of the area of the end face having the opening of the electrode body and the area of the opening is 8 to 150 mm 2 , of which the area of the opening accounts for 15 to 85%. The hollow portion occupies 10% or more of the length of the portion provided with the opening and 98% or less of the entire length of the electrode body, of the portion of the electrode body exposed from the insulating member or the sealing member.
[0013]
When the object to be energized is an automobile engine, the object to be energized is housed in a metallic housing, and one end of the electrode body is connected to a part of the object to be energized. Is disposed between the electrode main body and the electrode holding tube connected to the metal housing, and the hollow portion is provided with an opening provided at the end of the electrode main body which is not connected to the current-carrying body. Ru is communicated electrode body with the outside only through. By providing the opening in the hollow portion, convection occurs between the air in the hollow portion and the air outside the electrode main body, and the temperature rise of the electrode main body can be further suppressed. The reason why the end on the side connected to the current-receiving body is closed is to prevent gas from the current-receiving body from leaking to the opposite side of the electrode body.
[0014]
Hereinafter, a case where the electrode structure of the present invention is used for an automobile engine will be described. In this case, when a cylindrical shape having one closed end is adopted as the shape of the electrode main body, the diameter thereof is preferably 6 to 15 mm, and more preferably 8 to 10 mm. Therefore, the area of the portion corresponding to the end face when the cylindrical shape is considered as a cylinder is 15 to 44 mm 2 , preferably 22 to 28 mm 2 . If the diameter is less than 6 mm, abnormal heat generation may occur during energization. If the diameter is more than 10 mm, the size of the entire electrode becomes too large.
[0015]
In FIG. 9, the aperture ratio of the electrode body, that is, the sum of the area of the end face 38 having the opening 30 and the area of the opening 30 (the area of the portion corresponding to the end face when the cylinder is considered to be a cylinder) the ratio of the area of the opening 30, 15 to 85% der is, more preferably 15 to 70%. If it is less than 15%, it is difficult to sufficiently lower the temperature of the tip portion of the electrode body 6, and if it exceeds 70%, the mechanical strength of the electrode body 6 becomes low.
[0016]
The length of the hollow portion 31 is at least 10% of the length of the portion 40 on the side where the opening 30 is provided, of the portions 40 and 41 exposed from the insulating member or the sealing member 39 of the electrode body 6, accounting for 98% or less of the total length, and more preferably each at least 30%, 98% or less. When the hollow portion 31 is less than 10% of the length of the exposed portion 40, it is difficult to sufficiently lower the temperature of the tip portion of the electrode body 6.
[0017]
As the material of the electrode body, a material having good thermal diffusivity is used, but a stainless metal is preferably used, and more specifically, a ferrite stainless steel is preferably used.
[0018]
The electrode body is fixed to an electrode holding can body connected to the metal housing via an insulating member. The space between the electrode body and the electrode holding tube is sealed by a seal material.
[0019]
In this case, the insulating member is composed of the first insulator and the second insulator, and the cement sealing material is filled between the first insulator and the second insulator, in addition to the point that the gas sealing property is excellent. In addition, even when solid matter coming from outside the exhaust gas pipe collides with the electrode, the gas sealing property and the insulating property are hardly reduced, which is preferable. The first insulator and the second insulator can be made of a ceramic material having a predetermined strength, specifically, an alumina or porcelain material.
[0020]
Also, the space between the insulating member and the electrode body and the electrode holding can may be sealed with a metal sealing material. In this case, furthermore, a spring member for absorbing a difference in thermal expansion between the electrode body, the electrode holding can body and the insulating member, and a holding member for transmitting a load to the spring member are provided between the electrode body and the electrode holding can body. Is preferred. With such a configuration, a gas seal is maintained by the metal seal, and a difference in thermal expansion between the members can be absorbed by the spring member. The holding member may be fixed to the electrode body by fitting a holding member formed in a nut shape to the electrode body, but a part of the holding member may be swaged to the electrode body or welded to the electrode body. May be performed.
[0021]
Also, the electrode body and the electrode holding can may be insulated by coating either or both of the electrode body and the electrode holding can with an insulating coating material. Further, it is preferable in terms of airtightness to press-fit the electrode body coated with the insulating coating material into the electrode holding can body. As the insulating coating material, alumina, ceramics and the like are preferably used, and it is preferable to subject alumina to plasma spraying.
When the electrode body is coated with an insulating coating material, a metal sealing material is provided between the electrode holding can body and the insulating coating material, and when the electrode holding can body is coated with the insulating coating material, between the electrode body and the insulating coating material. It is preferable to seal the electrode with a gas sealing property.
[0022]
One end of the electrode body on the inner side of the metallic housing, via a connecting member of metallic, is connected to a portion of the energizing body which is accommodated in a more metallic housing to welding. A typical example of the object to be energized is a metallic honeycomb structure. In this case, the electrode structure of an energized heater provided in a catalytic converter for purifying exhaust gas of an automobile or the like is used. Further, various current-carrying bodies can be used other than the metallic honeycomb structure.
[0023]
On the other hand, the other end of the electrode body is connected to a lead wire, and the connection is made by various methods such as direct welding or through a connecting member. In addition, the diameter of the core portion of the lead wire is preferably φ1.0 to 5.0 mm, and the core wire is preferably a combination of fine wires of φ0.5 mm or less.
[0024]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the electrode structure according to the present invention. In the figure, 2 is a metal housing, 26 is an electrode holding can, 6 is an electrode body, 16 is a metal connecting member, 8a is a first insulator, 8b is a second insulator, 28 is a cement sealant, 20 Indicates a lead wire, and 4 indicates a covering material of the lead wire.
[0025]
In the electrode structure shown in FIG. 1, the electrode main body 6 has a hollow portion 31 that communicates with the outside of the electrode main body via an opening 30 provided on the side connected to the lead wire 20. The electrode body 6 is inserted into a hole 12 provided in the metal housing 2 and is filled with cement filled between the first insulator 8a and the second insulator 8b and between the first insulator 8a and the second insulator 8b. It is fixed to an electrode holding can body 26 connected to the metallic housing 2 via a sealing material 28. A connection member 36 for electrically connecting the upper part of the electrode body 6 and the lower end of the lead wire 20 is connected to each other.
This electrode structure is excellent in gas sealability together with assemblability and productivity, and even when solid matter coming from outside the exhaust gas pipe collides with the electrode, the gas sealability and insulation are hardly deteriorated, Strong in structure and high in safety.
[0026]
FIG. 2 shows an example of the electrode structure according to the present invention, in which an insulating member provided between the electrode holding can body and the electrode main body and a space between the electrode main body and the electrode holding can body are sealed with a metal sealing material.
In the electrode structure shown in FIG. 2, a first insulator 8a and a second insulator 8b are provided between the electrode holding tube 26 and the electrode body 6, and the first insulator 8a, the second insulator 8b, and the electrode The space between the holding can body 26 and the space between the second insulator 8a and the electrode body 6 are sealed by the metal sealing material 10. The upper and lower sides of the disc spring 22 are supported by a holding member 24. The pressing member 24 functions to efficiently transmit the load applied to the electrode due to the difference in thermal expansion to the disc spring 22.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 3, the holding member 24 is fixed to the electrode body 6 by providing a holding member holding portion 34 at a predetermined position on the electrode body 6 and partially holding the holding member 24 (FIG. 11). May be carried out by fitting the inner edge of the.
[0028]
FIG. 4 shows an example in which the electrode main body and the electrode holding can body are insulated by coating the electrode main body with an insulating coating material formed by plasma spraying alumina. The electrode main body 6 covered with the insulating coating material 8c is pressed into the electrode holding can body 26.
[0029]
The electrode body and the lead wire are connected by various methods, and examples are shown in FIGS.
In FIG. 5, the electrode body 6 and the lead wire 20 are connected via a connecting member 36. The connecting member 36 is fixed to the lead wire 20 by a claw 35 provided at one end thereof. Further, the holding portion 37 of the connection member 36 provided at the other end is curved outward, and is projection-welded to the electrode body 6 via the curved portion.
In FIG. 6, the connecting member 36 is fixed to the lead wire 20 by a claw portion 35 provided at one end thereof, and the holding portion 37 of the electrode body 6 provided at the other end is swaged from the outside to form the electrode main body. 6 fixed. Spot welding may be performed between the electrode body 6 and the connection member 36.
In FIG. 7, the connecting member 36 is fixed to the lead wire 20 by a claw 35 provided at one end thereof, and a female screw portion provided at the other end of the connecting member 36 and a male screw provided at the electrode body 6. It is fixed to the electrode body 6 by screwing the parts.
[0030]
[Evaluation]
For the electrode structure of FIG. 1 which is an embodiment of the present invention and the conventional electrode structure shown in FIG. 10, the following electrode temperature measurement test was performed.
The EHC using each electrode structure was mounted under the floor of the vehicle, and after climbing for 10 minutes at a speed of 30 km / h at 10 °, the engine was turned off. The stable temperature during running and the maximum temperature were measured for each engine. Note that the stable temperature during traveling refers to the maximum temperature during traveling (the temperature becomes constant after traveling for about 20 minutes), and the maximum temperature refers to the maximum temperature after the engine is turned off. Table 1 shows the measurement results.
[0031]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003602219
[0032]
Table 1 shows that when the electrode structure of the present invention was used, the electrode temperature was reduced by 22% at the stable temperature during running and by 20% at the maximum temperature as compared with the case of using the conventional electrode structure.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the electrode structure of the present invention has a hollow portion in the electrode body, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise at the tip portion of the electrode and to effectively prevent electric leakage due to deterioration of the covering material of the lead wire. can do. By making the hollow portion communicate with the outside through the opening, the temperature rise at the tip portion can be further suppressed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of an electrode structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing another example of the electrode structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial explanatory view showing an example of fixing a pressing member and an electrode.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing still another example of the electrode structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a partial explanatory view showing a connection example of an electrode body and a lead wire.
FIG. 6 is a partial explanatory view showing another example of connection between the electrode main body and a lead wire.
FIG. 7 is a partial explanatory view showing still another connection example between the electrode main body and the lead wire.
FIG. 8A is a perspective view illustrating an example of an opening provided in an electrode body. (B) It is a perspective view showing other examples of the opening provided in the electrode main part.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing still another example of the opening provided in the electrode body.
FIG. 10 is a partial explanatory view showing an example of a conventional electrode structure.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a pressing member.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 ... metal housing, 3 ... honeycomb structure, 4 ... lead wire covering material, 6 ... electrode body, 8 ... insulating member, 10 ... metal sealing material, 12 ... hole, 14 ... nut, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 16 ... Connecting member, 20 ... Lead wire, 22 ... Belleville spring, 24 ... Holding member, 26 ... Electrode holding tube, 28 ... Cement sealing material, 30 ... Opening, 31 ... Hollow part, 32 ... Step, 34 ... Holding member holding part, 35 ... Claw part, 36 ... Connection member, 37 ... Holding part, 38 ... End face with opening, 39 ... Insulation Member or seal member, 40, 41 ... exposed portion of electrode body.

Claims (16)

金属質ハウジング内に収容された被通電体の一部に、その一端にて、金属質の連結部材を介して溶接により接続される金属質の電極本体と、A metal electrode main body connected to a part of the current-carrying body accommodated in the metal housing by welding at one end thereof through a metal connection member;
該電極本体と該金属質ハウジングに連設された電極保持管体との間に介在し、該電極本体と該電極保持管体間を絶縁するための絶縁部材と、An insulating member interposed between the electrode main body and the electrode holding tube connected to the metal housing to insulate between the electrode main body and the electrode holding tube;
該電極本体と該電極保持管体との間をシールするためのシール材とを備えた電極構造であって、An electrode structure comprising a sealing material for sealing between the electrode body and the electrode holding tube,
該電極本体は、中空部分を有するとともに、一端が閉塞した円筒形状を有し、The electrode body has a hollow portion and has a cylindrical shape with one end closed,
該中空部分は、該電極本体の他端に設けた開口部を通じてのみ、該電極本体の外部と連通し、The hollow portion communicates with the outside of the electrode body only through an opening provided at the other end of the electrode body,
該電極本体の開口部を有する端面の面積と開口部の面積の和が8〜150mmThe sum of the area of the end face having the opening of the electrode body and the area of the opening is 8 to 150 mm 2Two であり、そのうち該開口部の面積が15〜85%を占め、Wherein the area of the opening occupies 15 to 85%,
該中空部分が、該電極本体の該絶縁部材又は該シール部材から露出した部分のうち、開口部を設けた側の部分の長さの10%以上、電極本体の全長の98%以下を占めることを特徴とする電極構造。The hollow portion occupies 10% or more of the length of the portion on the side where the opening is provided and 98% or less of the entire length of the electrode body, of the portion of the electrode body exposed from the insulating member or the sealing member. An electrode structure characterized by the above.
該電極本体がフェライトステンレスから成る請求項に記載の電極本体。2. The electrode body according to claim 1 , wherein said electrode body is made of ferrite stainless steel. 該絶縁部材が、第一絶縁体、第二絶縁体から構成され、該シール材が該第一絶縁体と該第二絶縁体の間に充填されたセメントシール材である請求項1又は2に記載の電極構造。 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the insulating member comprises a first insulator and a second insulator, and the sealing material is a cement sealing material filled between the first insulator and the second insulator. The electrode structure as described. 第一絶縁体および第二絶縁体がセラミック質からなる請求項に記載の電極構造。The electrode structure according to claim 3 , wherein the first insulator and the second insulator are made of a ceramic material. 該シール材が、該電極本体と該絶縁部材の間、及び該絶縁部材と該電極保持缶体の間をシールする金属シール材である請求項1又は2に記載の電極構造。The sealing material, the electrode body and between the insulating member and the electrode structure according to claim 1 or 2 between the insulating member and the electrode holding the can body is a metal sealing material for sealing. 該絶縁体を該電極本体と該電極保持缶体との間に配置するとともに、該電極本体の外周面に、該電極本体、該電極保持缶体及び該絶縁部材相互の間の熱膨張差を吸収するバネ部材並びに該バネ部材に荷重を伝える押さえ部材を設けた請求項に記載の電極構造。The insulator is disposed between the electrode main body and the electrode holding can body, and a difference in thermal expansion between the electrode main body, the electrode holding can body and the insulating member is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the electrode main body. The electrode structure according to claim 5 , further comprising a spring member that absorbs and a holding member that transmits a load to the spring member. 該押さえ部材が該電極本体に装着されるナットである請求項に記載の電極構造。The electrode structure according to claim 6 , wherein the pressing member is a nut mounted on the electrode body. 該押さえ部材を該電極本体に溶接して固定する請求項に記載の電極構造。The electrode structure according to claim 6 , wherein the holding member is fixed to the electrode body by welding. 該押さえ部材を該電極本体にかしめて固定する請求項に記載の電極構造。The electrode structure according to claim 6 , wherein the pressing member is fixed by caulking to the electrode body. 該絶縁部材が、該電極本体、該電極保持缶体のいずれか又は双方に被覆した絶縁コート材である請求項1又は2に記載の電極構造。Insulating member, the electrode body, the electrode structure according to claim 1 or 2 which is an insulating coating material coated on either or both of the electrode holding the can body. 該絶縁部材が該電極本体に被覆した絶縁コート材であり、該電極保持缶体と該絶縁コート材の間を金属シール材にてシールする請求項1又は2に記載の電極構造。The electrode structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the insulating member is an insulating coating material covering the electrode body, and a space between the electrode holding can body and the insulating coating material is sealed with a metal sealing material. 該絶縁部材が、該電極保持缶体に被覆した絶縁コート材であり、該シール部材が該電極本体と該絶縁コート材の間をシールする金属シール材である請求項1又は2に記載の電極構造。The electrode according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the insulating member is an insulating coating material covering the electrode holding can body, and the sealing member is a metal sealing material for sealing between the electrode body and the insulating coating material. Construction. 該絶縁コート材がプラズマ溶射されたアルミナである請求項10、11、又は12に記載の電極構造。The electrode structure according to claim 10, 11 or 12 , wherein the insulating coating material is plasma-sprayed alumina. 該絶縁コート材がセラミックスである請求項10、11、又は12に記載の電極構造。The electrode structure according to claim 10, 11 or 12 , wherein the insulating coating material is a ceramic. 被通電体が金属質ハニカム構造体である請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の電極構造。The electrode structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14 , wherein the object to be energized is a metallic honeycomb structure. 請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の電極構造を備えたことを特徴とする通電発熱式ヒーター。Electric heater, characterized in that it comprises an electrode structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
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