JP3594251B2 - Medical check valve - Google Patents

Medical check valve Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3594251B2
JP3594251B2 JP15412594A JP15412594A JP3594251B2 JP 3594251 B2 JP3594251 B2 JP 3594251B2 JP 15412594 A JP15412594 A JP 15412594A JP 15412594 A JP15412594 A JP 15412594A JP 3594251 B2 JP3594251 B2 JP 3594251B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
valve
medical device
medical
mortar
check valve
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JP15412594A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH07328125A (en
Inventor
幸彦 坂口
康伸 泉
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、血管等の生体管腔内に各種の医療器材を導入する際に用いられる医療用具に内蔵され、血液やガス成分の漏出防止、外部との遮断などを行うための医療用逆止弁に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
診断や治療の目的で、生体管腔内にカテ−テル、ガイドワイヤ−、内視鏡、鉗子等の各種医療器材を導入するにあたっては、極めて慎重かつ安全で確実な処置操作が要求される。例えば、血管用カテ−テルを経皮的に血管内に導入する操作は、まずセルシンガ−法によって血管内にガイドワイヤ−を挿入し、ついで拡張器を組み合わせた医療用具(カテ−テルインロデュ−サ−)をガイドワイヤ−に沿って血管内に侵入させたのち、拡張器とガイドワイヤ−を抜去して医療用具の先端を残留させ、この医療用具の誘導に沿ってカテ−テルを血管内に挿管するというプロセスが採られる。
【0003】
このプロセスでは、図8に示すように、医療用具(イントロデュ−サ−)の本体部位1の後端開口部10から先端側に設けたシ−スチュ−ブ11を通って血管内に挿入されたカテ−テル12を、手元で操作(ひねる、押す、引く)しながら目的の部位に誘導するが、その過程で血液が漏れるのを防ぐため、イントロデュ−サ−には止血弁3が組み込まれている。この止血弁3には、ガイドワイヤ−やカテ−テルの操作中はもとより、それらを引き抜いた後でも血液の漏出がなく、カテ−テルの挿入操作がスム−ズに行える等の機能が要求される。
【0004】
従来、この種の医療用逆止弁としては、図9(斜視図)および図10(断面図) に示すようにゴム状弾性体からなる弁材の後端側(図の上側)にガイドワイヤ−よりも一回り小径の小孔7を設けてガイドワイヤ−やカテ−テル挿入時の血液の漏出を防ぐと共に、前方側(図の下側)には複数のスリット6を切り込み、そのフラップ機構により無挿入時の血液の漏出を防ぐ構造のものが知られている。
【0005】
しかしながら、上記従来構造の逆止弁には次のような種々の問題点があった。
(1)弁形状が平面である関係で、弁材の肉厚や硬度を小さくすると血液漏洩に対する防止機能が損なわれ、逆に弁材の肉厚や硬度を高めると医療器材の挿入操作性が悪化する現象が生じるため、これら両機能を同時に満足させることが困難となる。
(2)後端部側の形成された小孔7は、カテ−テルの交換時などの段階でガイドワイヤ−のみが挿入されている際にも十分な密封性を確保する必要があるが、例えばガイドワイヤ−の自重等の作用で弁に横方向の力が掛かった場合、小孔が変形力に追随できずに隙間が生じ、血液が漏出する現象を招く。
(3)弁が1枚で形成されている場合には、医療器材の挿入抵抗により、前方側のスリット6が外側まで裂けることがあり、また復数枚を積層する場合、無接着の積層では血液漏れを生じ、接着積層構造とすると医療用具の挿入抵抗が増すうえコスト高となる。
【0006】
このほか、医療用逆止弁としては、内視鏡下外科手術において内視鏡や鉗子等を腹腔内に導入する際に腹壁に刺入して留置するトラカールに内蔵して、腹腔内に送入された炭酸ガスの漏れを防いだり、内視鏡の鉗子や穿刺針などを導入する内腔に配設して外界と遮断する等の用途があり、それぞれに厳しいシール性と逆止弁効果が要求される。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、従来構造による止血材の問題点を解消すると共に、あらゆる医療用途に適用し得る逆止弁を開発するためになされたもので、カテ−テル、ガイドワイヤ−、内視鏡、鉗子等の各種医療器材を生体管腔内に導入して診断・治療する際に、内容物の確実な漏出防止と優れた医療器材の挿入操作性を兼備する医療用逆止弁の提供を目的としている。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するための本発明による医療用逆止弁は、生体管腔内に医療器材を導入するための医療用具内に配設される逆止弁であって、医療用具の先端側に位置し、中心から放射状に切り込まれた複数条のスリットを備えるゴム状弾性板片の平面状内弁と、医療用具の後端側に位置し、中心に小孔を有するゴム状弾性板片のすり鉢状外弁とを組合せてなり、該すり鉢状外弁が中心の小孔から医療用具の後端方向に向かって先端頂角150°以下の傾斜面を呈し、且つすり鉢状外弁の頂部が平面状内弁の中心部に密着もしくは接着する状態で医療用具に内蔵されることを構成上の特徴とする。
【0009】
【作用】
本発明に係る医療用逆止弁は、医療用具の本体部位に内設され、その中心に医療器材を挿入して使用されるが、挿入部分の外弁がゴム状弾性板片の中心に小孔を設けたすり鉢形状を呈して平面状内弁のスリット中心部を押さえる状態で密着または接着しているため、器材の挿入に際しては小孔が抵抗なく開口し、極めてスムーズに挿入操作が進行すると共に、すり鉢状外弁の小孔は外部からの圧力抵抗があると挿入器材との界面を緊締する密着作用を営むから、平面状内弁のフラップ作用と相俟って生体管腔内からの血液やガスの漏出を確実に防止する逆止機能を発揮する。また、器材挿入時に横方向から加わる力に対してもすり鉢状外弁が巧みに追随するためシール漏れの心配はない。医療器材が挿入されていない場合は、平面状内弁のスリット片が閉止して漏洩が防止される。
【0010】
上記の作用を介して、内容物の確実な漏出防止と優れた医療器材の挿入操作性が同時に付与され、かつ操作に際して弁材が損傷することがないから、常に安全に診断・治療を行うことが可能となる。
【0011】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を図示の実施例に基づいて具体的に説明する。なお、実施例は便宜のために医療器材にカテ−テルを用いた際のイントロデュ−サ−用止血弁について説明するが、本発明は本用途に限られるものではなく、その他の内視鏡や鉗子等の医療器材を用いる場合の医療用具にも設置することができ、同様の効果がもたらされるものである。
【0012】
図1は本発明に係る医療用逆止弁を示した斜視図、図2はその側断面図で、4は平面状内弁、5はすり鉢状外弁である。平面状内弁4およびすり鉢状外弁5はゴム状弾性板片により形成されており、通常、肉厚0.5〜1mm、外径6〜10mmの円盤形状を有している。これらの弁材を構成するゴム状弾性体の具体的な材質としてはシリコ−ンゴム、特に安全性の面からジメチルポリシロキサンからなる医療用のシリコ−ンゴムを選択することが好ましい。
【0013】
平面状内弁4には中心から放射状に切り込まれた複数条のスリット6が形成されている。形成するスリット6の条数は3本とすることが最もシール効果が高いが、この条数に限定されるものではない。すり鉢状外弁5の中心には小孔7が穿設されている。該小孔7はカテ−テルやガイドワイヤ−等の挿入時に血液漏れを防ぐためのものであるから、少なくともガイドワイヤーの外径より一回り程度小さな直径に形成する必要がある。例えば、外径0.9mmのガイドワイヤ−を使用する場合には、小孔7の直径は0.6〜0.8mmの範囲に形成することが好ましい。該平面状内弁4は、1枚に限らず複数枚を積層形態に形成することにより一層止血効果を高めることができる。しかし、この場合には医療器材の挿入が損なわれないように各層の肉厚を薄くしたり、材質弾性を高めるように配慮する必要がある。
【0014】
すり鉢状外弁5の傾斜形状は、中心の小孔7から内側方向に向かって先端頂角9が150°以下、好ましくは90°以下になる傾斜面を呈するように設計される。先端頂角9が150°を越えると逆止弁効果が減退して、血液の漏洩を確実に防止することが困難となる。
【0015】
また、すり鉢状外弁5の形状は、図2のような単純円錐形状のほか、図3のようなテ−パ−肉厚形状、図4のような段付円錐形状、図5のような湾曲円錐形状、図6のような外周に平面状内弁4との台座を設けた円錐形状など適宜な形態に設計変更することができ、これらの形状は本発明の実施態様に含まれる。
【0016】
平面状内弁4とすり鉢状外弁5は、すり鉢状外弁5の頂部8が平面状内弁4の中心部に密着もしくは接着するようにイントロデュ−サ−(医療用具)に配設される。前記の接着は、接点部分を融着するか適宜な接着剤を用いて接合することによって行うことができる。図7は、弁材をイントロデューサーに配設した状態を示した断面図で、平面状内弁4は先端にシースチューブ11を備えたイントロデューサーの本体部位1の中間部位に内設されており、すり鉢状外弁5はその上部に医療用具上端のキャップ部位2により圧縮嵌結されている。この際、すり鉢状外弁5は予めすり鉢形状に成形されたものを用いることもできるが、すり鉢形状が後端側へ戻り難く、かつ耐圧を高めるためには、医療用具の本体部位1とキャップ部位2とで圧縮嵌結することにより強制的にすり鉢状に形成し、その頂部8が平面状内弁4の中心部に密着する状態に形成することが好ましい。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上のとおり、本発明によれば、平面状内弁とすり鉢状外弁とを組合せ、特定傾斜角度のすり鉢状外弁の頂部を平面状内弁の中心部に密着もしくは接着する構造とすることにより、内容物の確実な漏出防止と優れた医療器材の挿入操作性を兼備し、操作時に損傷を生じることのない医療用逆止弁を提供することが可能となる。したがって、カテ−テル、ガイドワイヤ−、内視鏡、鉗子等の各種医療器材を生体管腔内に導入して診断・治療する際の、操作性ならびに安全性を向上させ得る医療上の効果がもたらされる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る医療用逆止弁の実施例を示した斜視図である。
【図2】図1の縦断面図である。
【図3】すり鉢状外弁の形状が異なるの別の実施態様を示した縦断面図である。
【図4】すり鉢状外弁の形状が異なるの別の実施態様を示した縦断面図である。
【図5】すり鉢状外弁の形状が異なるの別の実施態様を示した縦断面図である。
【図6】すり鉢状外弁の形状が異なるの別の実施態様を示した縦断面図である。
【図7】平面状内弁とすり鉢状外弁を医療用具に配設した状態を示す断面図である。
【図8】従来構造の止血弁を配設した医療用具を示した断面図である。
【図9】従来構造の医療用逆止弁を示した斜視図である。
【図10】図9の縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 本体部位
2 キャップ部位
3 止血弁
4 平面状内弁
5 すり鉢状外弁
6 スリット
7 小孔
8 頂部
9 先端頂角
10 後部開口端
11 シースチューブ
12 カテーテル
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention is incorporated in a medical device used when introducing various medical instruments into a living body lumen such as a blood vessel, and is a medical check valve for preventing leakage of blood and gas components, blocking the outside, and the like. About the valve.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In introducing various medical devices such as catheters, guidewires, endoscopes and forceps into the body lumen for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment, extremely careful, safe and reliable treatment operations are required. For example, percutaneously introducing a vascular catheter into a blood vessel involves inserting a guide wire into the blood vessel by the cell singer method, and then combining the dilator with a medical device (a catheter loudspeaker). ) Is introduced into the blood vessel along the guide wire, and then the dilator and the guide wire are removed to leave the tip of the medical device, and the catheter is intubated into the blood vessel along the guidance of the medical device. The process of doing is adopted.
[0003]
In this process, as shown in FIG. 8, the medical device (introducer) is inserted into the blood vessel from the rear end opening 10 of the main body portion 1 of the medical device (introducer) through a sheath 11 provided on the distal end side. The catheter 12 is guided to a target site while being manipulated (twisted, pushed, pulled) at hand. In order to prevent blood from leaking in the process, the hemostatic valve 3 is incorporated in the introducer. Have been. The hemostatic valve 3 is required to have a function such that the catheter does not leak during the operation of the guide wire and the catheter, and even after the catheter is withdrawn, and the catheter can be inserted smoothly. You.
[0004]
Conventionally, as this type of medical check valve, as shown in FIGS. 9 (perspective view) and FIG. 10 (cross-sectional view), a guide wire is provided on the rear end side (upper side of the figure) of a valve material made of a rubber-like elastic body. A small hole 7 having a diameter slightly smaller than that of-is provided to prevent blood from leaking when a guide wire or a catheter is inserted, and a plurality of slits 6 are cut in the front side (lower side in the figure) to provide a flap mechanism. Is known to prevent leakage of blood at the time of no insertion.
[0005]
However, the conventional check valve has the following various problems.
(1) Because the valve shape is flat, reducing the thickness and hardness of the valve material impairs the function of preventing blood leakage, and increasing the thickness and hardness of the valve material increases the operability of inserting medical equipment. Since a worsening phenomenon occurs, it is difficult to satisfy both of these functions at the same time.
(2) The small hole 7 formed on the rear end side needs to secure a sufficient sealing property even when only the guide wire is inserted at the stage of replacement of the catheter or the like. For example, when a lateral force is applied to the valve by the action of the weight of the guide wire or the like, the small holes cannot follow the deformation force, and a gap is generated, thereby causing a phenomenon of blood leakage.
(3) When a single valve is formed, the slit 6 on the front side may be torn to the outside due to the insertion resistance of the medical device. Blood leakage occurs, and the adhesive laminate structure increases the insertion resistance of the medical device and increases the cost.
[0006]
In addition, as a medical check valve, a trocar inserted into the abdominal wall and placed in the abdominal wall when an endoscope or forceps is introduced into the abdominal cavity during endoscopic surgery is sent to the abdominal cavity. There are applications such as preventing leakage of the carbon dioxide gas that has entered, and placing it in the lumen where the endoscope forceps and puncture needle are introduced and blocking it from the outside world. Is required.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems of a hemostatic material having a conventional structure and to develop a check valve applicable to all medical uses. A catheter, a guidewire, an endoscope, and forceps are provided. For the purpose of providing a medical check valve that combines the reliable leakage prevention of contents and the excellent operability of inserting medical equipment when conducting diagnosis and treatment by introducing various medical equipment such as into the body lumen. I have.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Medical check valve according to the present invention for achieving the above object, there is provided a check valve disposed within a medical device for introducing a medical instrument into a body lumen, the distal end side of the medical device And a rubber-like elastic plate having a plurality of slits radially cut from the center, a planar inner valve of a rubber-like elastic plate piece, and a rubber-like elastic plate located on the rear end side of the medical device and having a small hole in the center Composed with a single mortar-shaped outer valve, the mortar-shaped outer valve presents an inclined surface having a tip apex angle of 150 ° or less from the center small hole toward the rear end of the medical device , and The configuration is characterized in that the top portion is built into the medical device in a state of being tightly or adhered to the center portion of the planar inner valve.
[0009]
[Action]
The medical check valve according to the present invention is provided inside a main body portion of a medical device, and is used by inserting a medical device at the center thereof. The outer valve of the inserted portion is small at the center of the rubber-like elastic plate piece. Since it has a mortar shape with holes and is tightly adhered or adhered while pressing the center of the slit of the planar inner valve, small holes open without resistance when inserting equipment, and the insertion operation proceeds extremely smoothly At the same time, the small hole of the mortar-shaped outer valve performs a close contact action of tightening the interface with the insertion device when there is external pressure resistance, and in combination with the flap action of the planar inner valve, the small hole from the living body lumen is removed. It exerts a check function that reliably prevents blood and gas leakage. Further, since the mortar-shaped outer valve skillfully follows the force applied from the lateral direction when the equipment is inserted, there is no fear of leakage of the seal. When the medical equipment is not inserted, the slit piece of the planar inner valve is closed to prevent leakage.
[0010]
Through the above actions, reliable prevention of leakage of contents and excellent operability of inserting medical equipment at the same time are provided, and the valve material is not damaged during operation. Becomes possible.
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on the illustrated embodiments. In addition, although an Example demonstrates the hemostatic valve for introducers when a catheter is used for a medical device for convenience, this invention is not limited to this use, and other endoscopes are used. It can also be installed on a medical device when using medical equipment such as forceps and forceps, and the same effect is brought about.
[0012]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a medical check valve according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view thereof, 4 is a planar inner valve, and 5 is a mortar-shaped outer valve. The planar inner valve 4 and the mortar-shaped outer valve 5 are formed of rubber-like elastic plate pieces, and usually have a disk shape with a wall thickness of 0.5 to 1 mm and an outer diameter of 6 to 10 mm. As a specific material of the rubber-like elastic body constituting these valve members, it is preferable to select a silicone rubber, particularly a medical silicone rubber made of dimethylpolysiloxane from the viewpoint of safety.
[0013]
The planar inner valve 4 is formed with a plurality of slits 6 cut radially from the center. The number of the slits 6 to be formed is three to provide the highest sealing effect, but is not limited to this number. A small hole 7 is formed at the center of the mortar-shaped outer valve 5. Since the small hole 7 is for preventing blood leakage at the time of inserting a catheter, a guide wire, or the like, it is necessary to form the small hole at least one diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the guide wire. For example, when a guide wire having an outer diameter of 0.9 mm is used, the diameter of the small hole 7 is preferably formed in the range of 0.6 to 0.8 mm. The hemostatic effect can be further enhanced by forming not only one but also a plurality of the planar inner valves 4 in a laminated form. However, in this case, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of each layer or to increase the material elasticity so that the insertion of the medical device is not impaired.
[0014]
The inclined shape of the mortar-shaped outer valve 5 is designed so as to exhibit an inclined surface in which the tip apex 9 is 150 ° or less, preferably 90 ° or less from the central small hole 7 toward the inside. If the tip apex angle 9 exceeds 150 °, the check valve effect decreases and it is difficult to reliably prevent blood leakage.
[0015]
The shape of the mortar-shaped outer valve 5 is not only a simple cone shape as shown in FIG. 2, but also a tapered wall shape as shown in FIG. 3, a stepped cone shape as shown in FIG. The design can be changed to an appropriate form such as a curved conical shape or a conical shape in which a pedestal with the planar inner valve 4 is provided on the outer periphery as shown in FIG. 6, and these shapes are included in the embodiment of the present invention.
[0016]
The planar inner valve 4 and the mortar-shaped outer valve 5 are disposed on an introducer (medical tool) such that the top 8 of the mortar-shaped outer valve 5 is in close contact with or adheres to the center of the planar inner valve 4. You. The above-mentioned adhesion can be performed by fusing the contact portions or joining them using an appropriate adhesive. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the valve material is disposed in the introducer. The planar inner valve 4 is provided in an intermediate portion of the main body portion 1 of the introducer having the sheath tube 11 at the distal end. The mortar-shaped outer valve 5 is compression-fitted to the upper portion thereof by the cap portion 2 at the upper end of the medical device. At this time, the mortar-shaped outer valve 5 may be formed in advance in a mortar shape, but in order to make the mortar shape hard to return to the rear end side and to increase the pressure resistance, the medical device main body portion 1 and the cap are required. It is preferable to form the mortar in a mortar-like shape by compression fitting with the part 2, and to form the top part 8 in close contact with the center of the planar inner valve 4.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the planar inner valve and the mortar-shaped outer valve are combined, and the top of the mortar-shaped outer valve having a specific inclination angle is brought into close contact with or bonded to the center of the planar inner valve. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a medical check valve that has both reliable leakage prevention of contents and excellent operability of inserting medical equipment and does not cause damage during operation. Therefore, when various medical instruments such as a catheter, a guide wire, an endoscope, and forceps are introduced into a living body lumen to perform diagnosis and treatment, a medical effect capable of improving operability and safety is provided. Brought.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a medical check valve according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment in which the shape of the mortar-shaped outer valve is different.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment in which the shape of the mortar-shaped outer valve is different.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment in which the shape of the mortar-shaped outer valve is different.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment in which the shape of the mortar-shaped outer valve is different.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a planar inner valve and a mortar-shaped outer valve are disposed on a medical device.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a medical device provided with a hemostatic valve having a conventional structure.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a medical check valve having a conventional structure.
FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 9;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body part 2 Cap part 3 Hemostasis valve 4 Planar inner valve 5 Mortar-shaped outer valve 6 Slit 7 Small hole 8 Top 9 Top angle 10 Rear open end 11 Sheath tube 12 Catheter

Claims (2)

生体管腔内に医療器材を導入するための医療用具内に配設される逆止弁であって、医療用具の先端側に位置し、中心から放射状に切り込まれた複数条のスリットを備えるゴム状弾性板片の平面状内弁と、医療用具の後端側に位置し、中心に小孔を有するゴム状弾性板片のすり鉢状外弁とを組合せてなり、該すり鉢状外弁が中心の小孔から医療用具の後端側方向に向かって先端頂角150°以下の傾斜面を呈し、且つすり鉢状外弁の頂部が平面状内弁の中心部に密着もしくは接着する状態で医療用具に内蔵されることを特徴とする医療用逆止弁。A check valve disposed in a medical device for introducing a medical device into a living body lumen, the check valve being located on a distal end side of the medical device and including a plurality of slits cut radially from a center. A planar inner valve of a rubber-like elastic plate piece, and a mortar-like outer valve of a rubber-like elastic plate piece located at the rear end side of the medical device and having a small hole in the center, are combined. The medical device has an inclined surface with a tip apex angle of 150 ° or less from the central small hole toward the rear end side of the medical device , and the top of the mortar-shaped outer valve is closely or adhered to the center of the planar inner valve. A medical check valve which is built into a tool. 平面状内弁が、複数枚の積層形態に形成されている請求項1記載の医療用逆止弁。The medical check valve according to claim 1, wherein the planar inner valve is formed in a plurality of stacked forms.
JP15412594A 1994-06-13 1994-06-13 Medical check valve Expired - Fee Related JP3594251B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15412594A JP3594251B2 (en) 1994-06-13 1994-06-13 Medical check valve

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP15412594A JP3594251B2 (en) 1994-06-13 1994-06-13 Medical check valve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH07328125A JPH07328125A (en) 1995-12-19
JP3594251B2 true JP3594251B2 (en) 2004-11-24

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WO2017184749A2 (en) * 2016-04-19 2017-10-26 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Weeping balloon devices

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