JP3590028B2 - Semi-fermented tea or fermented tea beverage with high catechin content - Google Patents

Semi-fermented tea or fermented tea beverage with high catechin content Download PDF

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JP3590028B2
JP3590028B2 JP2002020415A JP2002020415A JP3590028B2 JP 3590028 B2 JP3590028 B2 JP 3590028B2 JP 2002020415 A JP2002020415 A JP 2002020415A JP 2002020415 A JP2002020415 A JP 2002020415A JP 3590028 B2 JP3590028 B2 JP 3590028B2
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tea
beverage
catechins
extraction
fermented tea
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JP2002020415A
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JP2003219800A (en
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宏和 高橋
敦 小西
宏一 内藤
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はカテキン類を高濃度に含有し、風味の良好な半発酵茶又は発酵茶系飲料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
お茶に含まれるカテキン類は、コレステロール上昇抑制作用(特許第1620943号)やαアミラーゼ活性阻害作用(特許第3018013号)等を有することが知られている。お茶を飲むことにより、このようなカテキン類の生理効果を得るためには、成人で一日あたり4〜5杯のお茶を飲むことが必要(食品工業、35(14)、26−30、1992)である。そこで、より簡便にカテキン類を大量に摂取できる、カテキン高濃度含有飲料の開発が望まれていた。
【0003】
カテキン類を高濃度に配合するには、カテキン類を多量に含む緑茶葉の抽出液を用いる方法がある。緑茶葉からのカテキン類の抽出液は、さらに濃縮して用いる手段が提案されている。茶抽出液の濃縮物は、例えば茶葉を熱水もしくは水溶性有機溶媒により抽出された抽出液を濃縮したものであって、例えば特開昭59−219384号、特開平4−20589号、特開平5−260907号、特開平5−306279号などに記載されている方法で調製できる。市販品としては東京テクノフーズ(株)「ポリフェノン」、伊藤園(株)「テアフラン」、太陽化学(株)「サンフェノン」等が挙げられる。これらの茶抽出液の濃縮物は大別して二種類あり、ひとつは茶抽出液をそのまま濃縮あるいは濃縮噴霧乾燥したものであり、固形分中の組成は緑茶葉抽出液に類似している。他方はこれらの抽出液の濃縮物に溶剤抽出あるいは吸着剤等を用いて精製したものであり、組成的にはカテキン類とその縮合物、重合物が中心となっていると推定される。
【0004】
これらの抽出液の濃縮物を用いて飲料のカテキン類含有量を増加させるにはいくつかの問題がある。ひとつは精製していない茶類抽出液の濃縮物を用いる場合、飲料を殺菌する際、抽出液の濃縮物に由来する本来の香りの消失と“異臭”の発生があることである。さらには緑茶以外の飲料においてカテキン類含量を増加しようとすると、“緑茶の風味”が同時にもたらされ、飲料の呈味に違和感を与えることである。カテキン類を簡便に、多量に摂取しようとする場合、飲料の種類が限定されることは好ましいことではない。これらの問題を回避するには、先に挙げた精製されたカテキン類を使用する方法がある。しかしながら、一般にこれらの精製物は高価であり、カテキン類を多量に摂取できる飲料を安価に得られないという問題があった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、カテキン類を高濃度に含量させても、本来の飲料由来の風味を損うことなく、緑茶抽出物に由来する殺菌に伴う本来の香りを消失せず異臭のない飲料を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、緑茶葉を10℃未満の水で抽出した後の抽出残渣を50℃以上の温水で抽出したポリフェノール溶液を、半発酵茶又は発酵茶に配合すると、加熱殺菌に伴う本来の香りの消失、異臭の発生や緑茶風味を付与することなくカテキン類含量の高い、風味の良好な飲料が得られることを見出した。
【0007】
すなわち、本発明は次の成分(A)及び(B):
(A)緑茶葉を−5〜9℃の水で抽出した後の抽出残渣を50〜100℃の温水で抽出して得られるポリフェノール溶液、
(B)半発酵茶抽出液又は発酵茶抽出液、
を配合してなる、非重合体カテキン類を0.092〜0.5重量%含有する容器詰飲料を提供するものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明で用いるポリフェノール溶液(A)の抽出に使用する緑茶葉としてはCamellia属、例えばC.sinensis、C.assamica及び、やぶきた種、又はそれらの雑種から得られる茶葉から製茶された、煎茶、番茶、玉露、てん茶、釜入り茶等が挙げられる。
【0009】
本発明では、緑茶葉に対して10℃未満の冷水を接触させて緑茶葉の前処理の抽出を行う。10℃以上の温度の水で抽出すると、カテキン類中の親水性の高い成分の溶出が著しくなり、抽出残渣からの抽出により得られるポリフェノール量が、著しく減少する。また、理由は定かではないが得られるポリフェノール自体の苦味が強いものとなり、各種飲料へのカテキン類の高濃度配合が困難になる。また−5℃未満の水による抽出では、凍結の防止が困難であり、またエネルギー消費が大きくなる。前処理の水温は、−5〜9℃、さらに−5〜8℃、特に−5〜5℃が好ましい。
【0010】
前処理の抽出に用いる水の量は、緑茶葉に対して5〜100重量倍、特に 5〜40重量倍が好ましい。抽出時間は抽出方法および抽出の際のスケールに依存するが1〜120分程度が好ましく、より好ましくは1〜100分、更に好ましくは1〜80分である。使用する水は水道水、蒸留水、イオン交換水などどれでも良いが、味の面からイオン交換水が好ましい。
【0011】
前処理の抽出方法は、撹拌抽出、向流抽出、ティ−バック様の抽出など従来の方法により行うことができる。特に、カラム中に茶葉を充填し、これに冷水を通過させる方法が、複数回の抽出を行う場合には作業効率が良い。また抽出時の水に、ポリオール類、塩類などの凝固点降下作用を示すものやアスコルビン酸ナトリウムなどの有機酸又は有機酸塩類を添加してもよい。また煮沸脱気や窒素ガス等の不活性ガスを通気して溶存酸素を除去しつつ、いわゆる非酸化的雰囲気下で抽出する方法を用いてもよい。前処理に利用する水のpHは、3〜7、特に4〜7が好ましい。
【0012】
この前処理抽出によって得られた残渣である緑茶葉は前処理の抽出液と分離され、ポリフェノールの抽出に適用する。
【0013】
当該抽出残渣から50℃以上の温水で抽出することによりポリフェノール溶液(A)が得られる。50℃未満の温水により抽出では、カテキン類の抽出効率が十分でなく、かつ、得られたポリフェノールを配合した飲料の殺菌時の異臭防止、緑茶風味防止等の点で好ましくない。抽出液中には、アスコルビン酸ナトリウムなどの有機酸又は有機酸塩、pH調整剤などを添加してもよい。また、抽出液のpHとしては、3〜7、特に4〜7が好ましい。
【0014】
ここで抽出において抽出される主要な成分はカテキン類であり、目的とするカテキン類の組成に応じて抽出温度を選ぶのが好ましい。60〜100℃における抽出が抽出効率の面から好ましく、70〜100℃がさらに好ましい。
【0015】
この抽出に用いる水の量は抽出残渣の乾燥重量に対して5〜40重量倍、特に5〜25重量倍が好ましい。抽出時間は抽出方法および抽出の際のスケールに依存するが、高温抽出に伴う雑味等の発生を抑制する目的で1〜60分が好ましく、より好ましくは1〜40分、更に好ましくは1〜30分である。なお、抽出方法は、前処理の抽出と同じ方法が採用できる。
【0016】
こうして得られるポリフェノール溶液(A)には抽出直後において、非重合カテキン類が0.01〜4重量%、さらに0.01〜2重量%、特に0.1〜2重量%含まれるのが好ましい。
本発明で非重合カテキン類とは、カテキン、ガロカテキン、カテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレート等の非エピ体カテキン類及びエピカテキン、エピガロカテキン、エピカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキンガレート等のエピ体カテキン類をあわせての総称である。また、当該非重合カテキン類中の没食子酸エステルの含量(ガレート体率)は、45〜65重量%、さらに45〜60重量%、特に45〜57重量%であるのが好ましい。ここでガレート体率とは、カテキンガレート、ガロカテキンガレート、エピカテキンガレート、エピガロカテキンガレートの総量を上記の8種のカテキン類総量で除した値である。
【0017】
得られたポリフェノール溶液(A)はそのまま、あるいは濾過等の精製処理を行った後、飲料の製造に用いてもよいし、あるいはこれらを噴霧乾燥、凍結乾燥、膜濃縮などの濃縮又は殺菌処理を行った後、飲料等への配合に供しても良い。
【0018】
本発明に用いる半発酵茶抽出液又は発酵茶抽出液(B)としては、烏龍茶、紅茶、プアール茶などが好ましく、特に烏龍茶及び紅茶が好ましい。
【0019】
ポリフェノール溶液(A)に含有するカテキン類高濃度による苦味、渋味の増加は、半発酵茶、発酵茶の風味と相性が良く、多量のカテキン類の摂取が容易な飲料の製造が可能となる。すなわち、ポリフェノール溶液(A)を配合することにより、加熱時の異臭の生成を抑制し、しかも烏龍茶や紅茶などの烏龍茶感や紅茶感を引き立てた、各種の高濃度カテキン含有飲料の製造が可能となる。
【0020】
本発明の飲料は、上記のポリフェノール溶液(A)を配合することにより、非重合体であって水に溶解状態にあるカテキン類を、0.092〜0.5重量%、さらには0.1〜0.4重量%、殊に0.1〜0.3重量%、特に0.14〜0.3重量%含有するのが好ましい。この範囲にあると、呈味の面からも、飲料の飲用量からも、多量のカテキン類が摂取し易い。また本発明の飲料は非重合カテキン類中のカテキンの没食子酸エステル含量(ガレート体率)は、苦味防止及び生理効果の点から45〜65重量%、さらに45〜60重量%、特に45〜57重量%が好ましい。
【0021】
本発明の飲料には、茶由来の成分以外に、酸化防止剤、香料、各種エステル類、有機酸類、有機酸塩類、無機酸類、無機酸塩類、無機塩類、色素類、乳化剤、保存料、調味料、甘味料、苦味調整剤、酸味料、pH調整剤、品質安定剤等の添加剤を単独、あるいは併用して配合しても良い。
【0022】
例えば甘味料としては、砂糖、ぶどう糖、果糖、異性化液糖、グリチルリチン、ステビア、アスパルテーム、スクラロース、フラクトオリゴ糖、ガラクトオリゴ糖が挙げられる。苦味調整剤としては、シクロデキストリンに代表される環状デキストリンが挙げられる。環状デキストリンとしては、α−、β−、γ−シクロデキストリン及び、分岐のα−、β−、γ−シクロデキストリンが使用できる。環状デキストリンは、本発明の飲料中に0.05〜0.5重量%、更に好ましくは0.05〜0.4重量%含有するのがよい。酸味料としては、天然成分から抽出した果汁類のほか、クエン酸、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、乳酸、フマル酸、リン酸が挙げられる。無機酸類、無機酸塩類としては、リン酸、リン酸二ナトリウム、メタリン酸ナトリウム、ポリリン酸ナトリウム等が、有機酸類、有機酸塩類としてはクエン酸、コハク酸、イタコン酸、リンゴ酸、クエン酸ナトリウム等が挙げられる。
【0023】
また本発明飲料には、抗酸化剤としてのアスコルビン酸またはその塩を抽出工程で又は抽出後に添加することができる。飲料中におけるアスコルビン酸またはその塩の濃度は、抗酸化効果及び味の点から0.01〜0.2重量%が好ましく、より好ましくは0.02〜0.15重量%、更に好ましくは0.03〜0.1重量%である。
【0024】
本発明飲料は容器詰飲料とするのが好ましく、使用される容器は、一般の飲料と同様にポリエチレンテレフタレートを主成分とする成形容器(いわゆるPETボトル)、金属缶、金属箔やプラスチックフィルムと複合された紙容器、瓶などが挙げられる。ここでいう容器詰飲料とは希釈せずに飲用できるものをいう。
【0025】
容器詰飲料の場合、例えば、金属缶のように容器に充填後、加熱殺菌できる場合にあってはレトルト殺菌等の食品衛生法に定められた殺菌条件で製造される。PETボトル、紙容器のようにレトルト殺菌できないものについては、あらかじめ上記と同等の殺菌条件、例えばプレート式熱交換器等で高温短時間殺菌後、一定の温度迄冷却して容器に充填する等の方法が採用される。また無菌下で、充填された容器に別の成分を配合して充填してもよい。
【0026】
【実施例】
カテキン類の測定
フィルター(0.8μm)で濾過した飲料を、島津製作所製、高速液体クロマトグラフ(形式SCL−10AVP)を用い、オクタデシル基導入液体クロマトグラフ用パックドカラム L−カラムTM ODS(4.6mmΦ×250mm:財団法人 化学物質評価研究機構製)を装着し、カラム温度35℃でグラジエント法により行った。移動相A液は酢酸を0.1mol/L含有の蒸留水溶液、B液は酢酸を0.1mol/L含有のアセトニトリル溶液とし、試料注入量は20μL、UV検出器波長は280nmの条件で行った。
【0027】
実施例1
緑茶葉100gを内径7cm、高さ40cmの抽出用カラムに充填し、ポンプにて0℃の冷水1500mLを毎分500mLで10分間循環させ茶葉の前処理を行った。循環液を除去した後、70℃の温水1500mLを毎分500mLで20分間循環させ抽出を行った。抽出後、抽出液1357mLを回収し、氷水で速やかに冷却し、ポリフェノール液とした。ポリフェノール液中のカテキン濃度は474mg/100mLであった。
【0028】
烏龍茶葉(色種)100gを90℃の温水3000mLに加え、攪拌下、5分間抽出を行った。抽出液を氷水にて冷却後、2号ろ紙、二枚にて濾過を行った。2631gの抽出液が得られた。酒石酸−鉄法による抽出液中のポリフェノール類の濃度は285mg/100mLであった。これを烏龍茶抽出液とした。
【0029】
烏龍茶抽出液を210g、ポリフェノール液を212g、β−シクロデキストリン2.88g、アスコルビン酸0.8gにイオン交換水300gを加え、5%重曹水溶液にてpH6.2とし、さらにイオン交換水を加え総量800gとした。これを缶に充填し、121℃にて20分間殺菌を行い実施例1の飲料を得た。飲料中のカテキン濃度は144mg/100mLであった。
【0030】
実施例2
表1に従い、実施例1と同様な方法にてポリフェノール溶液を得た。
紅茶葉(ダージリン)100gを60℃の温水3000mLに加え、攪拌下、3分間抽出を行った。抽出液を氷水にて冷却後、2号ろ紙、二枚にて濾過を行った。2629gの抽出液が得られ、抽出液中のポリフェノール類の濃度は145mg/100mLであった。これを紅茶抽出液とした。
【0031】
紅茶抽出液を210g、ポリフェノール液を236g、β−シクロデキストリン2.88g、アスコルビン酸0.8gにイオン交換水300gを加え、5%重曹水溶液にてpH6.2とし、さらにイオン交換水を加え総量800gとした。これを缶に充填し、121℃にて20分間殺菌を行い実施例2の飲料を得た。飲料中のカテキン濃度は142mg/100mLであった。
【0032】
実施例3
表1に従い、実施例2と同様にして紅茶飲料を得た。飲料中のカテキン濃度は133mg/100mLであった。
【0033】
比較例1、2、3
表1に従い、実施例1と同様な方法にて烏龍茶飲料を調製し、比較例1、2、3の飲料を得た。飲料中のカテキン類の濃度はそれぞれ139mg/100mL、134mg/100mL、139mg/100mLであった。
【0034】
比較例4、5
表1に従い実施例2と同様な方法にて紅茶飲料を調製し、比較例4、5の飲料を得た。飲料中のカテキン類の濃度はそれぞれ133mg/100mL、148mg/100mLであった。
【0035】
官能評価
香味に関する専門パネラー3名にて本発明の飲料(実施例1、2、3)および比較の飲料(比較例1、2、3、4、5)の評価を行った。評価項目は飲料ベースの香り、加熱殺菌臭の強さ、雑味の強さ、苦味の強さであり、評価結果を表1に示す。
【0036】
実施例1については烏龍茶の香りが豊かであり、苦味は適度であり、緑茶の味は認められずさっぱりとした味であった。実施例2、3については紅茶の香りが豊かであり、苦味が適度であり、緑茶の味は認められずさっぱりとした味であった。
【0037】
比較例1については烏龍茶の香りは消失し、さらに、加熱殺菌臭が認められた。苦味が強く、烏龍茶以外の雑味が顕著に認められた。比較例2については烏龍茶の香りの立ちが少し悪くなり、苦味は適度であるが、烏龍茶以外の雑味が認められた。比較例3については烏龍茶の香りの立ちが悪くなり、苦味が強く、烏龍茶以外の雑味が顕著に認められた。比較例4については紅茶の香りの立ちが弱くなり、後味に緑茶由来のえぐみ感が感じられた。比較例5については強い異臭が認められ、後味に強い苦味と雑味が残った。
【0038】
【表1】

Figure 0003590028
【0039】
【発明の効果】
本発明によればカテキン濃度が高く、風味が良好で、かつ殺菌時の本来の香りの消失や異臭もなく、雑味、苦味も軽減された飲料が得られる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a semi-fermented tea or a fermented tea beverage containing catechins at a high concentration and having a good flavor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is known that catechins contained in tea have a cholesterol increase inhibitory action (Japanese Patent No. 1620943), an α-amylase activity inhibitory action (Japanese Patent No. 3018013), and the like. In order to obtain such physiological effects of catechins by drinking tea, it is necessary for adults to drink 4 to 5 cups of tea per day (Food Industry, 35 (14), 26-30, 1992). ). Therefore, development of a catechin high-concentration beverage capable of easily ingesting a large amount of catechins has been desired.
[0003]
To mix catechins at a high concentration, there is a method using an extract of green tea leaves containing a large amount of catechins. Means of further extracting and using the extract of catechins from green tea leaves have been proposed. The concentrate of the tea extract is obtained by, for example, concentrating an extract obtained by extracting tea leaves with hot water or a water-soluble organic solvent, and is described in, for example, JP-A-59-219384, JP-A-4-20589, and JP-A-4-20589. It can be prepared by methods described in JP-A-5-260907 and JP-A-5-306279. Examples of commercially available products include "Polyphenon", Tokyo Techno Foods Co., Ltd., "Theafran", ITO EN Co., Ltd., and "Sanphenon", Taiyo Chemical Co., Ltd. These tea extract concentrates are roughly classified into two types. One is a concentrate obtained by directly concentrating or spray-drying the tea extract, and the composition in the solid content is similar to that of the green tea leaf extract. The other is obtained by purifying the concentrate of these extracts by solvent extraction or using an adsorbent, and is presumed to be mainly composed of catechins and their condensates and polymers in terms of composition.
[0004]
There are several problems with increasing the catechin content of beverages using concentrates of these extracts. One is that when an unrefined tea extract concentrate is used, when the beverage is sterilized, the original aroma derived from the extract concentrate disappears and "off-flavor" is generated. Further, when trying to increase the content of catechins in beverages other than green tea, "flavor of green tea" is simultaneously brought about, and the taste of the beverage is uncomfortable. When trying to easily ingest a large amount of catechins, it is not preferable that the type of beverage is limited. To avoid these problems, there is a method using the above-mentioned purified catechins. However, these purified products are generally expensive, and there is a problem that a drink that can ingest a large amount of catechins cannot be obtained at low cost.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a beverage having a high concentration of catechins, without impairing the flavor derived from the original beverage, without losing the original aroma associated with sterilization derived from the green tea extract, and having no off-flavor. To provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor blends a polyphenol solution obtained by extracting a green tea leaf with water at a temperature of 10 ° C. or less with warm water at a temperature of 50 ° C. or more into semi-fermented tea or fermented tea. It has been found that a beverage with a high catechin content and a good flavor can be obtained without disappearance of odor, generation of an off-flavor or imparting green tea flavor.
[0007]
That is, the present invention provides the following components (A) and (B):
(A) a polyphenol solution obtained by extracting green tea leaves with water at -5 to 9 ° C and extracting an extraction residue with warm water at 50 to 100 ° C ;
(B) semi-fermented tea extract or fermented tea extract,
And a packaged beverage containing 0.092 to 0.5% by weight of a non-polymer catechin .
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Green tea leaves used for extracting the polyphenol solution (A) used in the present invention include Camellia sp. sinensis, C.I. green tea, bancha, gyokuro, tencha, potted tea, etc., produced from tea leaves obtained from assamica and Yabutaki seeds or hybrids thereof.
[0009]
In the present invention, pretreatment of green tea leaves is extracted by bringing cold water of less than 10 ° C. into contact with the green tea leaves. When extraction is performed with water at a temperature of 10 ° C. or higher, the elution of highly hydrophilic components in catechins becomes remarkable, and the amount of polyphenols obtained by extraction from extraction residues is significantly reduced. In addition, although the reason is not clear, the obtained polyphenol itself has a strong bitter taste, and it becomes difficult to mix catechins in various beverages at a high concentration. In addition, extraction with water at a temperature lower than -5 ° C makes it difficult to prevent freezing and increases energy consumption. The water temperature of the pretreatment is preferably from -5 to 9C, more preferably from -5 to 8C, and particularly preferably from -5 to 5C.
[0010]
The amount of water used for extraction in the pretreatment is preferably 5 to 100 times, more preferably 5 to 40 times the weight of green tea leaves. The extraction time depends on the extraction method and the scale at the time of extraction, but is preferably about 1 to 120 minutes, more preferably 1 to 100 minutes, and still more preferably 1 to 80 minutes. Water to be used may be any of tap water, distilled water, ion-exchanged water, etc., but ion-exchanged water is preferred from the viewpoint of taste.
[0011]
The extraction method of the pretreatment can be performed by a conventional method such as stirring extraction, countercurrent extraction, or tea-bag-like extraction. In particular, a method in which tea leaves are filled in a column and cold water is passed through the column has a high working efficiency when a plurality of extractions are performed. In addition, an organic acid or organic acid salt such as sodium ascorbate, which exhibits a freezing point depressing action such as polyols and salts, may be added to water at the time of extraction. Further, a method of extracting under a so-called non-oxidizing atmosphere while removing dissolved oxygen by bubbling deaeration or passing an inert gas such as nitrogen gas may be used. The pH of the water used for the pretreatment is preferably from 3 to 7, particularly preferably from 4 to 7.
[0012]
Green tea leaves, which are residues obtained by this pretreatment extraction, are separated from the pretreatment extract and applied to polyphenol extraction.
[0013]
The polyphenol solution (A) is obtained by extracting from the extraction residue with warm water of 50 ° C. or higher. Extraction with warm water of less than 50 ° C. is not preferable in that the extraction efficiency of catechins is not sufficient, and that the resulting beverage containing the polyphenol has an unpleasant odor prevention and a green tea flavor prevention during sterilization. An organic acid or organic acid salt such as sodium ascorbate, a pH adjuster, and the like may be added to the extract. Further, the pH of the extract is preferably from 3 to 7, particularly preferably from 4 to 7.
[0014]
Here, the main components extracted in the extraction are catechins, and it is preferable to select the extraction temperature according to the composition of the target catechins. Extraction at 60 to 100 ° C is preferable from the viewpoint of extraction efficiency, and 70 to 100 ° C is more preferable.
[0015]
The amount of water used for the extraction is preferably 5 to 40 times, more preferably 5 to 25 times the dry weight of the extraction residue. Although the extraction time depends on the extraction method and the scale at the time of extraction, it is preferably 1 to 60 minutes, more preferably 1 to 40 minutes, and still more preferably 1 to 60 minutes, for the purpose of suppressing the generation of unpleasant taste and the like due to high temperature extraction. 30 minutes. In addition, as the extraction method, the same method as the extraction in the preprocessing can be adopted.
[0016]
Immediately after extraction, the polyphenol solution (A) thus obtained preferably contains 0.01 to 4% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 2% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, of the non-polymerized catechins.
In the present invention, the non-polymerized catechins include catechins, gallocatechin, catechin gallate, non-epitopic catechins such as gallocatechin gallate and epicatechins, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, and epi-catechins such as epigallocatechin gallate. It is also a collective term. Further, the content of gallic acid ester (gallate content) in the non-polymerized catechins is preferably 45 to 65% by weight, more preferably 45 to 60% by weight, and particularly preferably 45 to 57% by weight. Here, the gallate body ratio is a value obtained by dividing the total amount of catechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, and epigallocatechin gallate by the total amount of the above eight catechins.
[0017]
The obtained polyphenol solution (A) may be used for beverage production as it is or after purification treatment such as filtration, or these may be subjected to concentration or sterilization treatment such as spray drying, freeze drying, and film concentration. After performing, it may be provided for blending into a beverage or the like.
[0018]
As the semi-fermented tea extract or the fermented tea extract (B) used in the present invention, oolong tea, black tea, Pual tea and the like are preferable, and oolong tea and black tea are particularly preferable.
[0019]
The increase in bitterness and astringency due to the high concentration of catechins contained in the polyphenol solution (A) is compatible with the flavor of semi-fermented tea and fermented tea, and makes it possible to produce a beverage in which a large amount of catechins can be easily taken. . That is, by blending the polyphenol solution (A), it is possible to produce various high-concentration catechin-containing beverages that suppress the generation of off-flavors during heating and enhance the oolong tea and black tea sensations such as oolong tea and black tea. Become.
[0020]
By blending the polyphenol solution (A) described above, the beverage of the present invention contains 0.092 to 0.5% by weight of catechins which are non-polymeric and dissolved in water, more preferably 0.1% by weight. It is preferably present in an amount of from 0.4 to 0.4% by weight, especially from 0.1 to 0.3% by weight, especially from 0.14 to 0.3% by weight. When it is in this range, a large amount of catechins can be easily ingested from the viewpoint of taste and the amount of drink. The beverage of the present invention has a gallate content (gallate content) of catechin in the non-polymerized catechins of 45 to 65% by weight, more preferably 45 to 60% by weight, particularly 45 to 57% in terms of bitterness prevention and physiological effect. % By weight is preferred.
[0021]
In the beverage of the present invention, in addition to components derived from tea, antioxidants, flavors, various esters, organic acids, organic acid salts, inorganic acids, inorganic acid salts, inorganic salts, pigments, emulsifiers, preservatives, seasonings Additives such as sweeteners, sweeteners, bitterness adjusters, acidulants, pH adjusters, and quality stabilizers may be used alone or in combination.
[0022]
For example, sweeteners include sugar, glucose, fructose, isomerized liquid sugar, glycyrrhizin, stevia, aspartame, sucralose, fructooligosaccharide, and galactooligosaccharide. Examples of the bitterness regulator include cyclic dextrins represented by cyclodextrins. As the cyclic dextrin, α-, β-, γ-cyclodextrin and branched α-, β-, γ-cyclodextrin can be used. The cyclic dextrin may be contained in the beverage of the present invention in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 0.4% by weight. Examples of the acidulant include juice extracted from natural components, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, and phosphoric acid. Phosphoric acid, disodium phosphate, sodium metaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate and the like as inorganic acids and inorganic acid salts, and citric acid, succinic acid, itaconic acid, malic acid and sodium citrate as organic acids and organic acid salts And the like.
[0023]
Further, ascorbic acid or a salt thereof as an antioxidant can be added to the beverage of the present invention in or after the extraction step. The concentration of ascorbic acid or a salt thereof in the beverage is preferably 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, more preferably 0.02 to 0.15% by weight, and still more preferably 0.1 to 0.2% by weight from the viewpoint of antioxidant effect and taste. 03-0.1% by weight.
[0024]
The beverage of the present invention is preferably a packaged beverage, and the container used is a composite container composed of a polyethylene terephthalate-based molded container (a so-called PET bottle), a metal can, a metal foil or a plastic film as in the case of ordinary beverages. Paper containers, bottles and the like. Here, the packaged beverage means a beverage that can be drunk without dilution.
[0025]
In the case of a packaged beverage, for example, when it can be sterilized by heating after filling in a container such as a metal can, it is manufactured under sterilization conditions specified by the Food Sanitation Law such as retort sterilization. For PET bottles and paper containers that cannot be sterilized by retort, sterilization conditions equivalent to those described above in advance, for example, after sterilizing at a high temperature for a short time with a plate heat exchanger, etc., cool to a certain temperature and fill the container. The method is adopted. Further, another component may be blended and filled in the filled container under aseptic conditions.
[0026]
【Example】
Measurement of catechins Using a high-performance liquid chromatograph (model SCL-10AVP) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, the beverage filtered through a filter (0.8 μm) is packed with an octadecyl group-introduced liquid chromatograph L-Column TM ODS (4.6 mmΦ × 250 mm: manufactured by Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute) was mounted, and the column temperature was 35 ° C. by a gradient method. The mobile phase A liquid was a distilled aqueous solution containing 0.1 mol / L of acetic acid, and the liquid B was an acetonitrile solution containing 0.1 mol / L of acetic acid. The injection amount of the sample was 20 μL, and the wavelength of the UV detector was 280 nm. .
[0027]
Example 1
100 g of green tea leaves were packed into an extraction column having an inner diameter of 7 cm and a height of 40 cm, and 1500 mL of 0 ° C. cold water was circulated at 500 mL per minute for 10 minutes by a pump to perform pretreatment of the tea leaves. After removing the circulating liquid, extraction was performed by circulating 1500 mL of 70 ° C. hot water at 500 mL per minute for 20 minutes. After the extraction, 1357 mL of the extract was collected and rapidly cooled with ice water to obtain a polyphenol solution. The catechin concentration in the polyphenol solution was 474 mg / 100 mL.
[0028]
100 g of oolong tea leaves (colored seeds) were added to 3000 mL of warm water at 90 ° C., and extraction was performed for 5 minutes with stirring. After the extract was cooled with ice water, it was filtered with two filter papers and two sheets. 2631 g of the extract was obtained. The concentration of polyphenols in the extract obtained by the tartaric acid-iron method was 285 mg / 100 mL. This was used as the oolong tea extract.
[0029]
210 g of oolong tea extract, 212 g of polyphenol solution, 2.88 g of β-cyclodextrin, 0.8 g of ascorbic acid, 300 g of ion-exchanged water, pH 6.2 with a 5% aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, and further ion-exchanged water are added. 800 g. This was filled in a can and sterilized at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain the beverage of Example 1. The catechin concentration in the beverage was 144 mg / 100 mL.
[0030]
Example 2
According to Table 1, a polyphenol solution was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
100 g of black tea leaves (darjeeling) was added to 3000 mL of warm water at 60 ° C., and extraction was performed for 3 minutes with stirring. After the extract was cooled with ice water, it was filtered with two filter papers and two sheets. 2629 g of the extract was obtained, and the concentration of the polyphenols in the extract was 145 mg / 100 mL. This was used as a black tea extract.
[0031]
210 g of black tea extract, 236 g of polyphenol solution, 2.88 g of β-cyclodextrin, 0.8 g of ascorbic acid, 300 g of ion-exchanged water, pH 6.2 with a 5% aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, and further ion-exchanged water were added. 800 g. This was filled in a can and sterilized at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a beverage of Example 2. The catechin concentration in the beverage was 142 mg / 100 mL.
[0032]
Example 3
According to Table 1, a black tea beverage was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2. The catechin concentration in the beverage was 133 mg / 100 mL.
[0033]
Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3
According to Table 1, oolong tea beverages were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and beverages of Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 were obtained. The concentrations of catechins in the beverage were 139 mg / 100 mL, 134 mg / 100 mL, and 139 mg / 100 mL, respectively.
[0034]
Comparative Examples 4 and 5
According to Table 1, black tea beverages were prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, and beverages of Comparative Examples 4 and 5 were obtained. The concentrations of catechins in the beverage were 133 mg / 100 mL and 148 mg / 100 mL, respectively.
[0035]
Sensory evaluation Three expert panelists on flavor evaluated the beverages of the present invention (Examples 1, 2, 3) and comparative beverages (Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5). The evaluation items are the beverage-based aroma, the intensity of the heat sterilization odor, the intensity of the unpleasant taste, and the intensity of the bitterness. Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
[0036]
In Example 1, the fragrance of oolong tea was rich, the bitterness was moderate, and the taste of green tea was not recognized and was refreshing. In Examples 2 and 3, the fragrance of the black tea was rich, the bitterness was moderate, and the taste of the green tea was not recognized and was a refreshing taste.
[0037]
In Comparative Example 1, the odor of oolong tea disappeared, and a heat sterilization odor was observed. The bitterness was strong, and the miscellaneous tastes other than oolong tea were remarkably recognized. In Comparative Example 2, the odor of oolong tea slightly deteriorated and the bitterness was moderate, but unpleasant tastes other than oolong tea were recognized. In Comparative Example 3, the scent of oolong tea was poor, the bitterness was strong, and the unpleasant taste other than oolong tea was remarkably recognized. In Comparative Example 4, the fragrance of the black tea was weakened, and the aftertaste was tinged with green tea. In Comparative Example 5, a strong off-flavor was recognized, and strong bitterness and unpleasant taste remained in the aftertaste.
[0038]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003590028
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the catechin density | concentration is high, the flavor is favorable, the drink which does not lose | eliminate the original aroma at the time of sterilization, does not have an unpleasant odor, and reduced the unpleasant taste and bitterness is obtained.

Claims (3)

次の成分(A)及び(B):
(A)緑茶葉を−5〜9℃の水で抽出した後の抽出残渣を50〜100℃の温水で抽出して得られるポリフェノール溶液、
(B)半発酵茶抽出液又は発酵茶抽出液、
を配合してなる、非重合体カテキン類を0.092〜0.5重量%含有する容器詰飲料。
The following components (A) and (B):
(A) a polyphenol solution obtained by extracting green tea leaves with water at -5 to 9 ° C and extracting an extraction residue with warm water at 50 to 100 ° C ;
(B) semi-fermented tea extract or fermented tea extract,
, A packaged beverage containing 0.092 to 0.5% by weight of a non-polymer catechin .
非重合体カテキン類の45〜65重量%がカテキン類の没食子酸エステルである請求項記載の容器詰飲料。Non-polymer catechins 45-65 wt% is packaged beverage according to claim 1, wherein the gallic acid ester of catechins. 半発酵茶抽出液又は発酵茶抽出液が烏龍茶又は紅茶である請求項1又は2記載の容器詰飲料。 3. The packaged beverage according to claim 1, wherein the semi-fermented tea extract or the fermented tea extract is oolong tea or black tea.
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EP1472932B1 (en) * 2002-02-05 2008-04-23 Kao Corporation Process for producing green tea polyphenol
JP3597857B2 (en) 2003-10-31 2004-12-08 花王株式会社 Packaged tea beverage
EP2253223A1 (en) 2003-12-02 2010-11-24 Kao Corporation Package drink
SG150510A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2009-03-30 Suntory Ltd Lipase activity inhibitors containing high-molecular weight polyphenol fractions, tea extracts, and processes for producing the same
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JP4745928B2 (en) * 2006-09-08 2011-08-10 キリンビバレッジ株式会社 High polyphenol content beverage with reduced bitterness and astringency
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