JP3578229B2 - Fine particle filter media - Google Patents
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- JP3578229B2 JP3578229B2 JP00285395A JP285395A JP3578229B2 JP 3578229 B2 JP3578229 B2 JP 3578229B2 JP 00285395 A JP00285395 A JP 00285395A JP 285395 A JP285395 A JP 285395A JP 3578229 B2 JP3578229 B2 JP 3578229B2
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Description
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、ビールなどの液体中に含まれる微小粒子を除去するための濾過材に関し、さらに詳しくは高い濾過精度と長い濾過ライフとをバランス良く合わせもつ微小粒子の濾過材に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、液体中に含まれる微小粒子を除去するために極細繊維不織布からなる濾過材が用いられているが、この濾過材は濾過精度を高くするとライフが短くなり、ライフを長くすると濾過精度が低下するという相反する問題点があった。
高い濾過精度とライフを両立させることに関しては、深さ方向に濾過材の濾過径を変化させる製造条件を採用して芯部に濾過材を巻き付けたもの（特開昭６０−２１６８１８号公報）があるが、これは製造条件を変化させながら紡糸しつつ芯部に繊維を巻きつけるものであるため、紡糸が不安定になり、糸切れやジェットの発生が生じやすく安定したものが得られにくい問題があった。
他方、繊維充填率を深さ方向に変化させた濾過材にあっては、充填率の調整に別の工程が必要になり、コストが高くなるという問題があった。
【０００３】
また、従来の濾過材は数種類の不織布を別々に作り、これらを積層するものであることから、別工程による接着工程が必要になり、接着部分がデッドとなり、ライフを長くできず、また、コストが高くなるという点で問題があり、しかも、濾過精度とライフをバランス良くすることについての工夫がなされていなかった。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、気体又は液体中に含まれる微小粒子を除去するための濾過材における従来の欠点、即ち濾過精度と濾過ライフという二律相反する課題を解消し、濾過精度と濾過ライフに優れた微小粒子の濾過材を提供することを課題とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、前記課題を解決するために次の手段をとる。すなわち、本発明は、最大孔径と平均流量孔径との比が１．５〜３．０の範囲にある第１層と、最大孔径と平均流量孔径との比が１．０〜２．０の範囲にある第２層となる積層体からなり、該第１層及び該第２層の構成繊維が互いに自己接着して一体化しており、前記最大孔径と平均流量孔径との比は第２層が第１層より小さく、前記積層体の構成繊維の平均繊維径が０．５μｍ〜５μｍの範囲にあり、該構成繊維の繊維径の変動係数が５０％以下であり、該積層体の最大孔径が１５〜５０μｍの範囲にあり、繊維の充填率が０．０５〜０．３５の範囲にあり、目付が５〜１００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲にあることを特徴とする微小粒子の濾過材である。
【０００６】
以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明の濾過材は、特定の第１層と第２層とよりなる積層体からなるが、この第１層は、最大孔径と平均流量孔径との比が１．５〜３．０の範囲、好ましくは１．８〜２．５の範囲にある不織布からなる。この第１層は微小粒子の捕集と濾過ライフの向上のために繊維の分散性に分布を持たせることが必要であるために設けられるものであり、比が１．５未満であると精密濾過膜に近づき、いわゆる表面濾過になるため、ライフの向上が望めず好ましくない。比が３．０をこえると孔径のバラツキが大きくなり濾過精度が低下するので好ましくない。
【０００７】
他方、第２層は、最大孔径と平均流量孔径との比は１．０〜２．０の範囲、好ましくは１．０〜１．８の範囲にある不織布からなる。この第２層は、微小粒子を捕集するため繊維が均一に分散していることが必要であり、このために最大孔径と平均流量孔径との比をできるだけ小さく１．０〜２．０の範囲におさめる必要があり、比が２．０をこえると大きな孔の存在により微小粒子の捕集ができなくなるおそれがあるので好ましくない。この意味から１．０〜１．８が好ましい。
【０００８】
さらに、最大孔径と平均流量孔径との比は、第１層の方が第２層の比より大きくなければならない。これは、第１層で精密濾過より大きな領域の粒子を捕集し、第２層にかかる負荷を低下し、ライフを長くするためである。そして第２層で精密濾過を行なう。
【０００９】
また、前記第１層、第２層の構成繊維は夫々自己接着していなければならない。これは、フィルターカートリッジ等に加工する際に各々の層が剥離する等の問題点を防ぐためである。
【００１０】
前記積層体は、第１層と第２層とが積層されてなるが、この積層体の最大孔径は１５〜５０μｍの範囲になければならない。最大孔径が１５μｍ未満になると濾過ライフが短くなるので好ましくなく、他方、５０μｍをこえると目的の精密濾過の精度が得られなくなって好ましくない。
【００１１】
また、該積層体の充填率は０．０５〜１．３５の範囲になければならない。充填率が０．０５未満になると濾過精度が低くなって好ましくない。他方、０．３５をこえるとライフが短くなって好ましくない
【００１２】
さらに、目付は５〜１００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲になければならない。目付が５ｇ／ ｍ２ 未満であると濾過精度が低くなり、また、製造工程で繊維集合体が破断しやすくなって好ましくない。他方、１００ｇ／ｍ２をこえると充填率にもよるが、濾過精度及び濾過ライフのバランスが悪くなって好ましくない。
【００１３】
次に、構成繊維の平均繊維径は０．５〜５μｍの範囲になければならない。平均繊維径は細いほど望ましいが、０．５μｍ未満になると濾過精度は向上するものの、繊維が細いために濾過材として使用するときに繊維が脱落したり、また積層体としての引張強力が弱くなり、工程中で破断しやすく好ましくない。他方、平均繊維径が５μｍをこえると孔径のバラツキがはなはだしくなり、濾過精度が低くなり好ましくない。
また、繊維径の分布は均一なものが好ましく、変動係数で５０％以下であることが好ましい。
【００１４】
ここで、本発明の濾過材の製造法について説明する。例えばメルトブロー法により第２層を形成した後、該第２層上に直接第１層を吹きつけて形成したり、第１層を形成してロール状に巻き上げ、第２層を形成しつつ該第２層の上に前記第１層を巻きもどして重ねたり、紡糸ノズル列を２組進行方向に並列に配置し、上流側の紡糸ノズル列にて第２層を、続いて下流側の紡糸ノズル列にて第１層を形成したりすることによって製造することができる。なお、この最後の方法がコストを低下させる点から好ましい。
【００１５】
本発明の濾過材は第１層と第２層とよりなる積層体からなるが、第１層、第２層夫々の不織布の構成繊維は自己接着しており、紡糸ノズルと捕集コンベア間の距離を調節することにより行なわれる。
因みに、この距離は、第１層にあっては１５ｃｍ〜６０ｃｍ、第２層にあっては５ｃｍ〜２０ｃｍが好ましい。
【００１６】
【実施例】
実施例１〜３、比較例１〜３
メルトフローレート３００〜１０００のポリプロピレン樹脂を用い、２組の紡糸ノズル列を進行方向に並列させて設置したメルトブロー装置を用いて第１層と第２層とを積層して濾過材を製造した。その製造条件と物性とを表１に示す。なお、比較例３は第１層と第２層とを別々に作製し、エンボスカレンダーにてロール温度８０℃、線圧８０ｋｇ／ｃｍで積層したものである。
【００１７】
【表１】
イ．平均繊維径（μｍ）、繊維径変動率（％）
走査型電子顕微鏡により不織布の表面を１０００倍にて撮影し、写真により任意に選択した１００本の繊維径を測定し、算術平均値を平均繊維径（μｍ）とした。また、この平均繊維径で標準偏差を割って百分率であらわしたものを繊維径変動率ＣＶ（％）とした。
【００１９】
ロ．目付（ｇ／ｍ２）
ヨコ５ｃｍ×タテ２０ｃｍの試料を幅方向に連続して採取し、秤量して１ｍ２当りの重量に換算し目付（ｇ／ｍ２）を求めた。
【００２０】
ハ．充填率
ヨコ５ｃｍ×タテ２０ｃｍの試料の任意の５箇所の厚みを７ｇ／ｃｍ２の 荷重下で測定し、目付（ｇ／ｍ２）と厚み（ｍｍ）とから次式により求めた。
充填率＝〔目付（ｇ／ｍ２）／厚み（ｍｍ）〕・１０００／密度（ｇ／ｃｍ３）
【００２１】
ニ．孔径（μｍ）
コールター社製ポロメーターＩＩにより、ＡＳＴＭ Ｆ３１６−８６に準じて最大孔径、平均流量孔径を各々求めた。
【００２２】
ホ．捕集効率（％）
ＪＩＳ １１種粒子とＪＩＳ ８種粒子を質量比８：２で混合した粒子を０．０２５ｇ／ｌ分散させた水溶液を線速度５ｃｍ／分で供給し、３分経過後に濾過材前後の液の濁度を測定し、次式より求めた。
捕集効率（％）＝（１−出口濃度／入口濃度）×１００
【００２３】
ヘ．捕集ライフ
濾過材前後の差圧をデイジタルマノメーターで測定して、濾過圧力が５ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２になるまでの時間を測定した。
【００２４】
表１より次のことが確認された。すなわち、実施例１は、捕集効率が８８％であり、基準値７０％を上まわり、また、ライフも３５分と基準値２０分を上まわっており、これは本発明の要件を全て満足しているためであり、実施例２、３も本発明の要件の全てを満足しており、捕集効率も８２％、７０％を示し、ライフも４５分、５５分と長かった。
【００２５】
比較例１は、第２層の孔径比が小さいために捕集効率は良好なるものの、ライフが短かった。比較例２は、逆に比較例１と異なり捕集効率が悪くライフが長くなった。比較例３は、比較例１と同じく最大孔径が小さいためにライフが短かった。
比較例４は、最大孔径が５５μｍと大きく、しかも平均繊維径が太いために捕集効率が低かった。
比較例５は、最大孔径が大きいために比較例４と同じく捕集効率が低かった。
【００２６】
【発明の効果】
本発明の濾過材は、濾過精度に優れると同時にライフも長く、バランスの良い性能を有する。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a filtering material for removing fine particles contained in a liquid such as beer, and more particularly, to a filtering material for fine particles having a good balance between high filtration accuracy and long filtration life.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a filter material made of a microfiber nonwoven fabric has been used to remove microparticles contained in a liquid.However, this filter material has a shorter life if the filtration accuracy is increased, and decreases if the life is increased. There was a conflicting problem of doing so.
In order to achieve both high filtration accuracy and life, a filter material wound around a core using a manufacturing condition that changes the filtration diameter of the filter material in the depth direction (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-216818) is known. However, this is because the fiber is wound around the core while spinning while changing the manufacturing conditions, so that the spinning becomes unstable and yarn breakage and jets are likely to occur, making it difficult to obtain a stable product. was there.
On the other hand, in the case of the filter medium in which the fiber filling ratio is changed in the depth direction, there is a problem that a separate process is required for adjusting the filling ratio, which increases the cost.
[0003]
In addition, the conventional filter medium separately forms several types of nonwoven fabrics and laminates them, so that a separate bonding process is required, the bonding portion becomes dead, the life cannot be lengthened, and the cost increases. However, there has been a problem in that the filtration accuracy is increased, and furthermore, no attempt has been made to achieve a good balance between filtration accuracy and life.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the conventional drawbacks of filter media for removing microparticles contained in gas or liquid, that is, the two conflicting problems of filtration accuracy and filtration life, and provides fine particles with excellent filtration accuracy and filtration life. It is an object to provide a filter material for particles.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems. That is, the present invention provides a first layer in which the ratio between the maximum pore diameter and the average flow pore diameter is in the range of 1.5 to 3.0, and the ratio between the maximum pore diameter and the average flow pore diameter is 1.0 to 2.0. The first layer and the constituent fibers of the second layer are self-adhered and integrated with each other, and the ratio between the maximum pore diameter and the average flow pore diameter is the second layer. Is smaller than the first layer, the average fiber diameter of the constituent fibers of the laminate is in the range of 0.5 μm to 5 μm, the coefficient of variation of the fiber diameter of the constituent fibers is 50% or less, and the maximum pore diameter of the laminate is Is in the range of 15 to 50 μm, the filling factor of the fiber is in the range of 0.05 to 0.35, and the basis weight is in the range of 5 to 100 g / m 2. .
[0006]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The filter medium of the present invention comprises a laminate comprising a specific first layer and a second layer, and the first layer has a ratio between the maximum pore diameter and the average flow pore diameter in the range of 1.5 to 3.0. , Preferably in the range of 1.8 to 2.5. This first layer is provided because it is necessary to impart a distribution to the dispersibility of the fibers in order to collect fine particles and improve the filtration life. Since it approaches the filtration membrane and becomes so-called surface filtration, improvement in life cannot be expected, which is not preferable. If the ratio exceeds 3.0, the variation in the pore size becomes large, and the filtration accuracy is undesirably reduced.
[0007]
On the other hand, the second layer is made of a nonwoven fabric having a ratio of the maximum pore diameter to the average flow pore diameter in the range of 1.0 to 2.0, preferably in the range of 1.0 to 1.8. In the second layer, the fibers need to be uniformly dispersed in order to collect the fine particles. For this reason, the ratio between the maximum pore size and the average flow pore size should be as small as 1.0 to 2.0. It is necessary to keep the ratio within the range, and if the ratio exceeds 2.0, there is a possibility that the collection of fine particles may not be possible due to the presence of large pores, which is not preferable. In this sense, 1.0 to 1.8 is preferable.
[0008]
Further, the ratio between the maximum pore size and the average flow pore size must be greater in the first layer than in the second layer. This is because the first layer captures particles in a region larger than the microfiltration, reduces the load on the second layer, and extends the life. Then, microfiltration is performed on the second layer.
[0009]
The constituent fibers of the first and second layers must be self-adhered. This is to prevent problems such as peeling of each layer when processing into a filter cartridge or the like.
[0010]
The laminate has a structure in which a first layer and a second layer are laminated, and the maximum pore size of the laminate must be in the range of 15 to 50 μm. If the maximum pore diameter is less than 15 μm, the filtration life is shortened, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 μm, the precision of the intended microfiltration cannot be obtained, which is not preferable.
[0011]
Further, the filling rate of the laminate must be in the range of 0.05 to 1.35. If the filling ratio is less than 0.05, the filtration accuracy is undesirably reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.35, the life becomes short, which is not preferable.
Further, the basis weight should be in the range of 5 to 100 g / m 2. If the basis weight is less than 5 g / m 2 , the filtration accuracy is lowered, and the fiber aggregate is easily broken in the manufacturing process, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it exceeds 100 g / m 2 , although it depends on the filling rate, the balance between filtration accuracy and filtration life becomes poor, which is not preferable.
[0013]
Next, the average fiber diameter of the constituent fibers must be in the range of 0.5 to 5 μm. The average fiber diameter is preferably as small as possible, but when it is less than 0.5 μm, the filtration accuracy is improved, but the fibers fall off when used as a filter material because the fibers are thin, and the tensile strength as a laminate becomes weak. It is not preferred because it is easily broken during the process. On the other hand, when the average fiber diameter exceeds 5 μm, the variation in the pore diameter becomes remarkable, and the filtration accuracy is lowered, which is not preferable.
The distribution of the fiber diameter is preferably uniform, and the coefficient of variation is preferably 50% or less.
[0014]
Here, a method for producing the filter material of the present invention will be described. For example, after the second layer is formed by a melt blow method, the first layer is formed by spraying the first layer directly on the second layer, or the first layer is formed and wound into a roll to form the second layer. The first layer is wound back on the second layer and stacked, or two sets of spinning nozzle rows are arranged in parallel in the traveling direction, and the second layer is formed on the upstream spinning nozzle row, and then the spinning is performed on the downstream side. It can be manufactured by forming the first layer with a nozzle row. Note that this last method is preferable from the viewpoint of reducing costs.
[0015]
The filter medium of the present invention is composed of a laminate composed of a first layer and a second layer. The constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric of each of the first layer and the second layer are self-adhered, and the fiber between the spinning nozzle and the collecting conveyor is formed. This is done by adjusting the distance.
Incidentally, this distance is preferably 15 cm to 60 cm in the first layer, and 5 cm to 20 cm in the second layer.
[0016]
【Example】
Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3
Using a polypropylene resin having a melt flow rate of 300 to 1000, a first layer and a second layer were laminated using a melt blow device in which two sets of spinning nozzle rows were arranged in parallel in the traveling direction to produce a filter material. Table 1 shows the production conditions and physical properties. In Comparative Example 3, the first layer and the second layer were separately manufactured, and were laminated with an emboss calender at a roll temperature of 80 ° C. and a linear pressure of 80 kg / cm.
[0017]
[Table 1]
I. Average fiber diameter (μm), fiber diameter fluctuation rate (%)
The surface of the nonwoven fabric was photographed at a magnification of 1000 with a scanning electron microscope, and the diameter of 100 fibers arbitrarily selected from the photograph was measured, and the arithmetic average value was defined as the average fiber diameter (μm). Further, a value obtained by dividing the standard deviation by the average fiber diameter and expressing the result as a percentage was defined as a fiber diameter variation rate CV (%).
[0019]
B. Weight (g / m 2 )
A sample of 5 cm (width) × 20 cm (length) was continuously sampled in the width direction, weighed, converted to the weight per 1 m 2, and the basis weight (g / m 2 ) was obtained.
[0020]
C. The thickness of any five places of a sample having a filling factor of 5 cm in width and 20 cm in length was measured under a load of 7 g / cm 2 , and was determined from the basis weight (g / m 2 ) and the thickness (mm) by the following formula.
Filling rate = [weight (g / m 2 ) / thickness (mm)] · 1000 / density (g / cm 3 )
[0021]
D. Pore size (μm)
The maximum pore size and the average flow pore size were determined using a Coulter porometer II according to ASTM F316-86.
[0022]
E. Collection efficiency (%)
An aqueous solution in which particles obtained by mixing JIS 11 seed particles and JIS 8 seed particles at a mass ratio of 8: 2 and dispersed at 0.025 g / l are supplied at a linear velocity of 5 cm / min. The degree was measured and determined by the following equation.
Collection efficiency (%) = (1−outlet concentration / inlet concentration) × 100
[0023]
F. The differential pressure between before and after the collecting life filtration material was measured with a digital manometer, and the time until the filtration pressure became 5 kgf / cm 2 was measured.
[0024]
The following was confirmed from Table 1. That is, in Example 1, the collection efficiency was 88%, which exceeded the reference value of 70%, and the life was 35 minutes, which exceeded the reference value of 20 minutes, which satisfied all the requirements of the present invention. Therefore, Examples 2 and 3 also satisfied all the requirements of the present invention, the collection efficiency was 82% and 70%, and the life was as long as 45 minutes and 55 minutes.
[0025]
In Comparative Example 1, the collection efficiency was good because the pore size ratio of the second layer was small, but the life was short. In contrast, Comparative Example 2 was different from Comparative Example 1 in that the collection efficiency was poor and the life was long. Comparative Example 3 had a short life because the maximum pore diameter was small as in Comparative Example 1.
In Comparative Example 4, the maximum pore diameter was as large as 55 μm, and the collection efficiency was low because the average fiber diameter was large.
In Comparative Example 5, the collection efficiency was low as in Comparative Example 4 because the maximum pore size was large.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION The filtration material of this invention is excellent in filtration accuracy, has a long life, and has well-balanced performance.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00285395A JP3578229B2 (en) | 1995-01-11 | 1995-01-11 | Fine particle filter media |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00285395A JP3578229B2 (en) | 1995-01-11 | 1995-01-11 | Fine particle filter media |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08192016A JPH08192016A (en) | 1996-07-30 |
| JP3578229B2 true JP3578229B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
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ID=11540959
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00285395A Expired - Fee Related JP3578229B2 (en) | 1995-01-11 | 1995-01-11 | Fine particle filter media |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3578229B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4342282B2 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2009-10-14 | 旭化成せんい株式会社 | Filter material |
| JP4424444B2 (en) | 2006-09-14 | 2010-03-03 | ダイニック株式会社 | Air filter material |
| JP4464433B2 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2010-05-19 | 日本バイリーン株式会社 | Cylindrical filter |
| JP4464434B2 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2010-05-19 | 日本バイリーン株式会社 | Cylindrical filter |
| JP2009112887A (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2009-05-28 | Daiwabo Co Ltd | Filter medium, its manufacturing method, and cartridge filter |
-
1995
- 1995-01-11 JP JP00285395A patent/JP3578229B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08192016A (en) | 1996-07-30 |
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