JP3565826B2 - Roofing method - Google Patents

Roofing method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3565826B2
JP3565826B2 JP2002184216A JP2002184216A JP3565826B2 JP 3565826 B2 JP3565826 B2 JP 3565826B2 JP 2002184216 A JP2002184216 A JP 2002184216A JP 2002184216 A JP2002184216 A JP 2002184216A JP 3565826 B2 JP3565826 B2 JP 3565826B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
roof
tile
anchor
tiles
tiled
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JP2002184216A
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JP2004027588A (en
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貞義 永井
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有限会社永井瓦店
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、屋根に瓦を葺く際の工法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、屋根に瓦を葺く工法として、野地板上に屋根の勾配方向へ瓦の登り寸法間隔で瓦桟を配設し、当該瓦桟へ瓦の上部裏面に設けられた爪を掛けて葺いていく所謂引っ掛け桟工法が用いられているが、更に、強風雨時等において防水性を高めるべく、前記瓦桟の下に屋根の流れ方向に沿った流し桟を適宜間隔で配設する形で(所謂流し桟工法)用いられている場合も多い。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の流し桟工法は、図1(ロ)の如く瓦桟2を、流し桟1と共に野地板6へアンカ4にて固定し、その際、図3(ハ)の如く当該アンカ4が前記野地板6を下方より支持する垂木22へも刺し入れられる様に打ち付けていた為に、図3(ニ)の如く流し桟1が配設されていない部分の瓦残2が瓦の重量により野地板6と接するまで経時的に押し下げられ、更に期間が経過すると野地板6と共に経時変形して押し下げられることにもなる。その結果、雨水等の通り道がアンカ4を打ち付けた流し桟1の領域に集中し、流し桟1と瓦桟2との間に存在する微少な隙間に湿気が滞る結果、瓦桟2を固定する為に打ち込まれているアンカ4や当該アンカ4の打ち込み孔付近の野地板6、更には垂木22までが腐食し、瓦3の長期間に亘る取付強度を損なうのみならず、屋根の耐用期間を短縮する要因ともなる。
【0004】
本発明は、上記実情に鑑みて成されたものであって、瓦の取付強度並びに屋根の良好な状態を長期間に亘って維持し得る瓦葺き工法の提供を目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために成された本発明による瓦葺き工法は、屋根面に、勾配方向に沿って延びる流し桟を所定間隔で配設すると共に、当該流し桟の上に横方向に延びる瓦桟を瓦の登り寸法間隔で配設し、瓦を、前記瓦桟上の、屋根面の勾配方向及び横方向に並べて葺く瓦葺き工法において、前記屋根面に、前記瓦桟を固定する為のアンカを、各瓦桟上であって隣り合う流し桟間の中間部に相当し、且つ垂木に支持された位置に打ち込むことを特徴とする。
【0006】
尚、前記上部裏面に係止部が突設された瓦とは、特開平7−107364号公報に開示されている様に、横桟に係止する為の係止用突部が形成されているものを言う。また、前記アンカとは、釘やボルトなど、屋根面を貫通して固定することの出来る部材を言う。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明による瓦葺き工法の実施の形態を図面に基づき説明する。
図1(イ)は、瓦3を葺く前の屋根の下地状態を示したものである。
【0008】
この状態は、屋根の野地板6上に、下地として厚さ1mm程度の厚めのアスファルト系防水シート7を敷設し、その上に、強風雨の際における防水性を高めるべく、勾配方向へ延びる流し桟1としてルーフテープ(以下、ルーフテープ1と記す。)をそのアンカたるタッカ針8、或いは接着剤等で、例えば、瓦幅の二倍の間隔といった所定幅間隔で配設する。
【0009】
更に、前記ルーフテープ1上に渡しかける形で、勾配に対して直角な方向へ延びる断面寸法が15mm×36mm程度の太めの瓦桟2を、瓦の登り寸法間隔で配設する。固定する際のアンカ4としては、耐腐食性及び耐久性の高いステンレススクリュー釘を用い、前記ルーフテープ1上にあたる部分は避けて、当該瓦桟2上における隣り合うルーフテープ1,1間の中間部に相当し、且つ屋根面の垂木22に支持された位置に、当該野地板6を貫通して当該野地板6を支える垂木22にまで差し入れられる様にねじ込む形で打ち込む。
【0010】
上記の流し桟工法によれば、図3(イ)の如く瓦桟2は流し桟1と異なる位置に固定され、且つ屋根面を下方より支持する強度を備えた垂木22上に打ち付けられる。流し桟1上に渡しかけられた瓦桟2は、図3(ロ)の如く瓦3の重量によって経時的に押し下げられるが、前記瓦桟2の屋根面固定部の下がりは、前記瓦桟2が屋根面に当接する程度に止まる。結果として、アンカ4が打ち込まれている部分の雨水の通り道を塞ぐこととなり、瓦桟2を固定する為に打ち込まれているアンカ4や当該アンカ4の打ち込み孔付近の野地板6、更には垂木22への雨水の浸入が防止され、それらの消耗が軽減されることとなる。
【0011】
一方、前記一本の瓦桟2において隣接する屋根面固定部間の中間部は、瓦の重量により流し桟1及びそれに押された野地板6が共に接したまま経時的に押し下げられる。その結果、雨水がアンカ4を打ち付けた領域を避けて流し桟1近傍に集中して雨水の通り道となる、しかしながら、前記流し桟1が、前記アスファルト系防水シート7の性状によって自然に封じられる程度に刺し孔の小さいタッカ針8で固定されている為に、流し桟1と瓦桟2との間に存在する微少な隙間に湿気が滞ったとしても、垂木22までの雨水の浸入が回避され、瓦3の長期間に亘る取付強度を損なうこともなく、屋根の耐用期間を短縮することもなくなる。
【0012】
上記の如く完成した下地に、上部裏面に係止部が突設された瓦3を、前記瓦桟2に当該係止部を掛ける形で、屋根面の勾配方向及び横方向に並べて葺いていく。当該例で用いられる瓦3は、桟瓦であり、前記の如く係止部が設けられている他、瓦3の上部に二箇所と右中央部に一箇所、瓦緊結材たるステンレススクリュー釘9を打ち込む為の緊結孔23が設けられている。当該瓦3は、当該緊結孔23を通して瓦3が下地の野地板6に図1(イ)の如く固定される、特に屋根のけば部に葺かれる瓦3は前記緊結孔23を全て使って三点止めされるが(図5参照)、他の部分については、瓦3上部の内側の緊結孔23のみを用いて緊結しても十分な固定強度が得られている。
【0013】
更に、当該例で用いられている瓦3は、図4の如く、瓦の左上隅と右下隅に、当該隅を構成する二つの辺から直角に切り込まれた切欠部10,11が設けてある。これらの切欠部10,11は、対角方向に隣り合う瓦3a,3bについて相互に嵌り合って、相互の瓦3a,3bが葺かれている状態を安定させるものである。前記瓦3の右下隅の切欠部10には、切欠部10を望む二つの内面12,12からその厚みの下半分に相当する凸片13がせり出し、瓦3の左上隅の切欠部11を望む二つの内面14,14には、対角方向に隣り合い上位に位置する瓦3aの前記凸片13が収まる凹部15が当該凸片13を上方から押さえ得る形に設けられている。この様な構造を持つことによって、各瓦3の左上隅の切欠部11に設けられた凹部15は、当該瓦3(3b)に対して対角方向上位の瓦3(3a)の前記凸片13を介して、当該上位の瓦3(3a)の下部の浮きを防止することとなる。
【0014】
そして、前記の如く瓦3の上部及び中央部においてステンレススクリュー釘9による瓦3と野地板6との緊結が行われていることとが相俟って、強風による瓦の飛散や、震災による瓦3の脱落が防止されることとなる。前記ステンレススクリュー釘9による緊結は、屋根面に葺かれた全ての瓦3について施される訳では無く、従来は、図5(ロ)の如く、屋根16の軒部及び袖、並びにその中間部を横一列に並ぶ瓦について緊結していたが、前記瓦3の嵌り合い構造からみて、図5(イ)の如く千鳥並びの位置関係にある瓦3を緊結する手法を採ることで、瓦3の定着性を高めている。
【0015】
また、屋根の棟部にあっては、従来葺土や漆喰で固定しながら熨斗瓦17を積み重ね、相反する傾斜方向に存在し対となる熨斗瓦17を19番手程度の銅線18で連結して支持すると共に、下地に固定されたアンカ21から棟の頂部へ引き出された18番手程度の銅線19でがん振り瓦20を固定する工法が用いられているが、葺土や漆喰を熨斗瓦17間に充填することで全体の形状を維持していることから、強風や豪雨等で前記葺土や漆喰が流出すると棟部の変形、ひいては雨漏りや棟崩れが生じる危険がある。
【0016】
そこで、当該例においては、赤土と砂とセメントを混合して前記熨斗瓦17間に充填して固化させることによって強風や豪雨による充填物の流出を防止し、棟部の形状維持を図ると共に、震災や強風による棟崩れの防止に効を奏している(図6参照)。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上の如く本発明による瓦葺き工法によれば、瓦桟を固定する為に打ち込まれているアンカや当該アンカの打ち込み孔付近の野地板、更には垂木に至る腐食が防止され、瓦の長期間に亘る取付強度を長期に渡って維持し、屋根の耐用期間を延ばすことができると共に、震災や強風等にあっても被害を従来よりも少なくすることが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】(イ)(ロ)
(イ)は本発明による瓦葺き工法の施工態様の一部を示す斜視図であり、(ロ)は従来の瓦葺き工法の施工態様の一部を示す斜視図である。
【図2】(イ)(ロ)(ハ)
本発明による瓦葺き工法の施工態様の下地造りの一部を示す斜視図である。
【図3】(イ)(ロ)(ハ)(ニ)
(イ)(ロ)は本発明による瓦葺き工法、(ハ)(ニ)は従来の瓦葺き工法による下地の施工後の推移の一例を示す側方から見た説明図である。
【図4】瓦に設けられた切欠部の一例を示す要部斜視図である。
【図5】(イ)(ロ)
(イ)はここで示した例において採用されている瓦緊結材によって緊結されている瓦の配置、及(ロ)は従来から採用されている配置の一例をそれぞれ示すレイアウト図である。
【図6】ここで示した例において採用されている棟瓦固定構造を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 流し桟,2 瓦桟,3 瓦,4 アンカ,6 野地板,
7 防水シート,8 タッカ針,9 ステンレススクリュー釘,
10,11 切欠部,12 内面,13 凸片,14 内面,15 凹部,
16 屋根,17 熨斗瓦,18,19 銅線,20 がん振り瓦,
21 アンカ,22 垂木,23 緊結孔,
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for roof tiles.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method of roofing roof tiles, tile roofs are arranged on the ground board at intervals of ascending dimensions of the roof in the direction of the slope of the roof, and the nails provided on the upper back surface of the roof are hung on the roof tiles. The so-called hooking crossing method is used, but furthermore, in order to increase waterproofness in the event of a strong wind, etc., a flow crossing along the flow direction of the roof is arranged at appropriate intervals below the roof tile. (So-called sinking method) is often used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the conventional sinking beam method, the tiled bar 2 is fixed to the base plate 6 with the anchor 4 together with the sinking beam 1 as shown in FIG. 1 (b) by using the anchor 4 as shown in FIG. 3 (c). Since the base plate 6 was struck so as to be inserted into a rafter 22 supporting the floor plate 6 from below, the tile residue 2 in a portion where the sink bar 1 is not disposed as shown in FIG. It is pushed down with time until it comes into contact with the base plate 6, and after a further period of time, it is deformed with time and pushed down together with the base plate 6. As a result, the path of rainwater or the like is concentrated in the area of the sink bar 1 on which the anchor 4 is hammered, and the moisture stays in the minute gap existing between the sink bar 1 and the tile bar 2 to fix the tile bar 2. The anchor 4 that has been driven in and the ground plate 6 near the hole for driving the anchor 4 and even the rafter 22 are corroded, not only impairing the long-term mounting strength of the roof tile 3 but also shortening the service life of the roof. It is also a factor of shortening.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tiled roofing method capable of maintaining a good installation strength of a tile and a good state of a roof for a long period of time.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a tiled roofing method according to the present invention is arranged such that, on a roof surface, a crosspiece extending along a gradient direction is arranged at a predetermined interval, and a tile crosspiece extending laterally above the crosspiece. Are arranged at intervals of the ascending dimensions of the tiles, and the tiles are tiled side by side in the gradient direction and the lateral direction of the roof surface on the tile stairs. In the tile roofing method, an anchor for fixing the tile stairs to the roof surface is provided. Is driven into a position corresponding to an intermediate portion between adjacent sinking bars on each of the tile bars and supported by rafters.
[0006]
It should be noted that the roof tile having a locking portion protruding from the upper back surface has a locking protrusion for locking to a horizontal rail as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-107364. Say what you have. The anchor is a member such as a nail or a bolt that can penetrate and fix the roof surface.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a roofing method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1A shows a ground condition of the roof before the roof tile 3 is laid.
[0008]
In this state, a thick asphalt-based waterproof sheet 7 having a thickness of about 1 mm is laid as a foundation on a roof base plate 6 and a stream extending in a gradient direction is provided thereon in order to enhance waterproofness in the event of heavy rain. A roof tape (hereinafter, referred to as a roof tape 1) is provided as a crosspiece 1 with a tacker needle 8 serving as an anchor, an adhesive, or the like, at a predetermined width interval, for example, twice the tile width.
[0009]
Further, thick tile bars 2 having a cross-sectional dimension of about 15 mm × 36 mm and extending in a direction perpendicular to the gradient are arranged at intervals of the tile ascending so as to extend over the roof tape 1. As the anchor 4 for fixing, a stainless steel nail having high corrosion resistance and high durability is used, and a portion corresponding to the roof tape 1 is avoided, and an intermediate portion between the adjacent roof tapes 1 on the tile bar 2 is used. It is driven into a position corresponding to the part and supported by the rafter 22 on the roof surface by screwing in such a way that it penetrates the base plate 6 and is inserted into the rafter 22 supporting the base plate 6.
[0010]
According to the above-mentioned sinking beam construction method, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the tiled beam 2 is fixed to a position different from that of the sinking beam 1, and is hit on a rafter 22 having a strength to support the roof surface from below. The tile 2 passed over the sink 1 is depressed with time due to the weight of the tile 3 as shown in FIG. 3 (b). Stops just enough to touch the roof surface. As a result, the rainwater passage in the portion where the anchor 4 is driven is blocked, and the anchor 4 driven to fix the roof tile 2 and the ground plate 6 in the vicinity of the driving hole of the anchor 4 and further the rafters Infiltration of rainwater into the nozzle 22 is prevented, and their consumption is reduced.
[0011]
On the other hand, the intermediate portion between the adjacent roof surface fixing portions of the one tile crosspiece 2 is pushed down with the passage of time by the weight of the tile while the sink crosspiece 1 and the field board 6 pressed by the same. As a result, the rainwater avoids the area where the anchor 4 has been hit, and concentrates near the sink 1 to form a path for rainwater. However, the extent that the sink 1 is naturally sealed by the properties of the asphalt-based waterproof sheet 7 is reduced. Is fixed by the tacker needle 8 having a small piercing hole, so that even if moisture stays in a minute gap existing between the sinker 1 and the tile 2, infiltration of rainwater to the rafter 22 is avoided. In addition, the long-term installation strength of the roof tile 3 is not impaired, and the service life of the roof is not shortened.
[0012]
On the completed base material as described above, the roof tiles 3 having the locking portions projecting from the upper back surface are lined and roofed in such a manner that the locking portions are hung on the tile bar 2 in the gradient direction and the lateral direction of the roof surface. . The roof tile 3 used in this example is a cross tile, which is provided with a locking portion as described above. In addition, two places at the upper part of the roof 3 and one place at the right central part are provided with a stainless screw nail 9 as a roof binder. A binding hole 23 for driving is provided. The roof tile 3 is fixed to the ground plate 6 as a base through the binding holes 23 as shown in FIG. 1A. In particular, the roof tile 3 that is laid on the flap portion of the roof uses the binding holes 23 in its entirety. Although it is fixed at three points (see FIG. 5), for other parts, sufficient fixing strength can be obtained even if it is tied using only the tying holes 23 inside the roof 3.
[0013]
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the roof tile 3 used in this example is provided with cutouts 10, 11 cut at right angles from two sides constituting the corner at the upper left corner and lower right corner of the roof tile. is there. These notches 10 and 11 are for fitting the tiles 3a and 3b adjacent in the diagonal direction with each other to stabilize the state in which the tiles 3a and 3b are laid. In the notch 10 in the lower right corner of the roof 3, a protruding piece 13 corresponding to the lower half of the thickness protrudes from the two inner surfaces 12, 12 where the notch 10 is desired, and the notch 11 in the upper left corner of the roof 3 is desired. The two inner surfaces 14, 14 are provided with recesses 15 in which the convex pieces 13 of the roof tile 3a which are adjacent to each other in the diagonal direction and are positioned higher can be pressed from above. By having such a structure, the concave portion 15 provided in the cutout portion 11 at the upper left corner of each roof tile 3 has the convex piece of the roof tile 3 (3a) positioned diagonally higher than the roof tile 3 (3b). 13 prevents the lower part of the upper roof tile 3 (3a) from floating.
[0014]
As described above, the tightness between the roof tile 3 and the base plate 6 by the stainless steel screw nails 9 at the upper portion and the central portion of the roof tile 3 is combined with the scattering of the roof tile by strong wind or the earthquake disaster. The falling off of the roof tile 3 is prevented. Tightening by the stainless screw nail 9 is not always performed on all the tiles 3 laid on the roof surface. Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5A, the roof tiles are arranged in a horizontal line. However, from the view of the fitting structure of the roof tiles 3, a method of binding the roof tiles 3 in a staggered positional relationship as shown in FIG. Has improved fixation.
[0015]
In the ridge of the roof, the shingle tiles 17 are stacked while being fixed with conventional roofing clay or plaster, and the pair of shitou tiles 17 that are present in opposite inclining directions are connected by a copper wire 18 of about 19th. A method is used in which the roof tiles and plaster are fixed with a copper wire 19 of about 18th number drawn from the anchor 21 fixed to the ground to the top of the ridge. Since the entire shape is maintained by filling the space between the roof tiles 17, if the roof or the plaster flows out due to a strong wind or heavy rain, there is a risk that the ridge may be deformed, which may result in rain leakage or ridge collapse.
[0016]
Therefore, in this example, by preventing the outflow of the filler due to strong winds and heavy rain by mixing red clay, sand and cement, filling the space between the shingles 17 and solidifying, while maintaining the shape of the ridge, This has been effective in preventing building collapse due to the earthquake and strong winds (see Fig. 6).
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the roofing method according to the present invention, the anchor that has been driven in to fix the roof of the tile, the ground plate near the hole for driving the anchor, and even the rafters are prevented from being corroded. It is possible to maintain the mounting strength over a long period of time, extend the service life of the roof, and reduce the damage even in the event of an earthquake or strong wind.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 (a) (b)
(A) is a perspective view showing a part of a construction mode of a tiled roofing method according to the present invention, and (B) is a perspective view showing a part of a construction mode of a conventional tiled construction method.
FIG. 2 (a) (b) (c)
It is a perspective view which shows a part of foundation construction of the construction aspect of the roofing method by this invention.
FIG. 3 (a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) and (B) are explanatory views viewed from the side showing an example of a transition after construction of a foundation by a tiled construction method according to the present invention, and (C) and (D).
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a cutout provided in a tile.
FIG. 5 (a) (b)
(A) is a layout diagram showing an example of the arrangement of the tiles tied by the tile binding material used in the example shown here, and (B) is a layout diagram showing an example of the arrangement conventionally used.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a ridge roof tile fixing structure employed in the example shown here.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 sink, 2 tile, 3 tile, 4 anchor, 6 field board,
7 tarpaulin, 8 tacker needle, 9 stainless screw nail,
10, 11 notch, 12 inner surface, 13 convex piece, 14 inner surface, 15 concave portion,
16 Roof, 17 Noto tile, 18, 19 Copper wire, 20 Ganso tile,
21 anchors, 22 rafters, 23 binding holes,

Claims (1)

屋根面に、勾配方向に沿って延びる流し桟(1)を所定間隔で配設すると共に、当該流し桟(1)の上に横方向に延びる瓦桟(2)を瓦の登り寸法間隔で配設し、瓦(3)を、前記瓦桟(2)上の、屋根面の勾配方向及び横方向に並べて葺く瓦葺き工法において、
前記屋根面に、前記瓦桟(2)を固定する為のアンカ(4)を、各瓦桟(2)上であって隣り合う流し桟(1,1)間の中間部に相当し、且つ垂木(22)に支持された位置に打ち込むことを特徴とする瓦葺き工法。
On the roof surface, there are provided flow bars (1) extending along the gradient direction at predetermined intervals, and tile beams (2) extending laterally on the flow beams (1) are arranged at intervals of the ascending dimension of the tile. In the tiled roofing method, the tiles (3) are tiled side by side in the direction of the slope of the roof surface and in the lateral direction on the roof tile (2).
An anchor (4) for fixing the tile bar (2) on the roof surface corresponds to an intermediate portion between adjacent sink bars (1, 1) on each tile bar (2), and A roofing method characterized by being driven into a position supported by a rafter (22).
JP2002184216A 2002-06-25 2002-06-25 Roofing method Expired - Fee Related JP3565826B2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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JP2004027588A JP2004027588A (en) 2004-01-29
JP3565826B2 true JP3565826B2 (en) 2004-09-15

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