JP3562963B2 - Panoramic image block - Google Patents

Panoramic image block Download PDF

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JP3562963B2
JP3562963B2 JP18038798A JP18038798A JP3562963B2 JP 3562963 B2 JP3562963 B2 JP 3562963B2 JP 18038798 A JP18038798 A JP 18038798A JP 18038798 A JP18038798 A JP 18038798A JP 3562963 B2 JP3562963 B2 JP 3562963B2
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light
panoramic image
image block
angle
shielding
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JP2000010002A (en
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貞 土肥
信也 山内
勲 上山
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株式会社立山アールアンドディ
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、撮像部周辺の三次元空間を広角に取り込み、環状画像として結像させ得るパノラマ画像ブロックに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、三次元空間用パノラマ画像ブロックとしては、例えば、特公平6−85019号公報に開示されているものが挙げられる。即ち、軸線の回りに丸く形成された外周面と、上端面と、下端面を有する樽形の透明体からなり、該外周面は該軸線と垂直な平面によって上方外周面及び下方外周面に分割され、該上方外周面は外光が該透明体内に入射する屈折面として形成され、該下方外周面は、該上方外周面から入射して該透明体内を進む光が反射する反射面として形成され、該上端面は、該下方外周面で反射して該透明体内を進む光が再び反射する反射面として形成され、該下端面は、該上端面で反射して該透明体内を進む光が該透明体から出射する屈折面として形成されているものである。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来のパノラマ画像ブロックによる写像は、CCD等のターゲット上に結ばれ、それらターゲットからの電気的出力に応じて種々の制御が成される。しかしながら、例えばターゲットたるCCD上に結ばれる光の中には、図7の如く前記パノラマ画像ブロックの内部において特異なルートを経た光も存在し、そのような光がフレア等のノイズとなって画像処理を複雑にするという問題がある。
【0004】
本発明は、上記実情に鑑みて成されたものであって、正規の屈折を経ていない光を遮断するなどの制御を光に対して施すことにより、所望の画像処理を容易に行うことができるパノラマ画像ブロックの提供を目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決する為に成された本発明によるパノラマ画像ブロックは、上面中央の上位遮光面と、上面周縁部の上位透光面と、下面周縁部の下位遮光面と、下面中央部の下位透光面を具備した透明素材より成る回転体であって、前記下位遮光面は、上位透光面からの入射光を当該回転体内を通過して上位遮光面へ集め得る反射鏡とされ、前記上位遮光面は、下位遮光面からの反射光を当該回転体内を通過して下位透光面へ集め得る反射鏡とされたパノラマ画像ブロックにおいて、前記上位透光面の上方を覆い当該パノラマ画像ブロックの画角の上縁と一致した下面を有する光制御板を具備することを特徴とする。
【0006】
遮光面とは、外光がパノラマ画像ブロックの内部へ侵入しないように成された面であり、一般的に、上位遮光面は凹曲面として成形されており、下位遮光面は、凸曲面として成形されている。一方、透光面とは、光を遮断する措置が施されていない面であって、光がパノラマ画像ブロックの内外を行き来できる面を言う。一般的に、上位透光面は、凸曲面として成形されており、下位透光面は、ターゲットのサイズに応じて、凸曲面、凹曲面或いは平面の中から適宜選択される。
【0007】
光制御板は、下向きの錐面を備えた回転体、即ち、すり鉢状を呈して上位透光面を一様に覆う形状であることが望ましいが、その形状は必要に応じて適宜定めれば良い。画角とは、一般的にレンズで明瞭に撮影できる入射角度の範囲をいうが、当該パノラマ画像ブロックの場合は、上位透光面から当該ブロックの内部へ入射した光が正規ルートを経てターゲットに明瞭なパノラマ画像(以下、正規画像と記す。)として結ばれるのに不可欠な上位透光面への入射角の範囲をいう。因みに、上位透光面から入射した光が、当該ブロックの内部において、下位遮光面及び上位遮光面での反射を順次経て下位透光面から放射されるというルートを正規ルートとし、それ以外のルートを特異ルートとしている。又、画角の上縁と一致したとは、例えば、すり鉢状を呈した光制御板にあっては、前記錐面が上記画角の上限となることを言い、当該上限以上から上位透光面へ入射する直射光をほぼ遮断し、且つ当該画角内から入射した光を当該ブロック内へ確実に取り入れ得る状態を言う。
【0008】
要求される制御の内容によっては、前記上位透光面の上方を覆い、且つ当該パノラマ画像ブロックの画角内に存在する対象を画角から逸脱する角度で入射せしめる反射鏡を当該光制御板の下面の少なくとも一部に形成したパノラマ画像ブロックを用いても良い。前記画角から逸脱する角度とは、上位透光面へ入射してくる光の延長線が画角の範囲から外へ逸脱する角度を言うが、このような角度で入射した光は、特異なルートを経てターゲット上では前記正規画像の外側へ不明瞭な環状画像(以下、不正規画像と記す。)を結ぶ。而して、画角内に存在する被写体の像が、正規画像と不正規画像に存在することとなり、それらの画像に移った前記被写体の像の位置関係等に基づき、当該パノラマ画像ブロックと被写体との距離を導くことができる。
【0009】
前記反射鏡を具備する光制御板は、前記すり鉢状であっても良いし、一定の幅を持った板状であっても良い。いずれにしても、光制御板の一部にのみ反射鏡を具備する場合において、反射すべき被写体を捕らえ得る方向が規制されないようにするには、当該パノラマ画像ブロック全体がその軸線を以て回転するシステムを構築するか、若しくは、光制御板のみが、前記上位透光面の上方の一部又は全域を覆いつつ当該パノラマ画像ブロックの軸線を以て回転し得る構造を具備させる必要がある。又、光制御板の傾斜角度が一定であることによって、被写体の画像を上位透光面へ向けて反射し得る範囲が狭く限定されることがないように、前記光制御板を適当な駆動手段を以て上下揺動可能に設定する場合もある。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明によるパノラマ画像ブロックの実施の形態を図面に基づき説明する。
図1に示すパノラマ画像ブロックは、上面中央の上位遮光面1と、上面周縁部の上位透光面2と、下面周縁部の下位遮光面3と、下面中央部の下位透光面4を具備した透明素材より成る回転体であって、前記下位遮光面3は、上位透光面2からの入射光を当該回転体内を通過して上位遮光面1へ集め得る反射鏡とされ、前記上位遮光面1は、下位遮光面3からの反射光を当該回転体内を通過して下位透光面4へ集め得る反射鏡とされるべく、それぞれ適性な湾曲面又は平面として構成されたブロック本体8と、前記上位透光面2の上方を一様に覆い当該パノラマ画像ブロックの画角の上縁と一致した下面5を有する光制御板6とで構成されている。
【0011】
前記ブロック本体8は、その画角内から上位透光面2へ入射した光を、当該ブロックの内部において、図4の如く、下位遮光面3及び上位遮光面1により順次反射させ下位透光面4から出射させ、リレーレンズ9を通り、ターゲット10上へ正規ルートを経た正規画像13を形作るという機能を有する他、画角外から上位透光面2へ入射した光を、特異ルートを経て下位透光面4から出射させ、前記正規画像13の周囲に不正規画像17を形作るという機能を有する。画角の下縁よりも小さい角度で上位透光面2へ入射した光は、下位透光面4の反対方向へ通過するので、下位透光面4から出射する光で問題となるのは、専ら、画角の上限より大きい角度で上位透光面2へ入射する光であるといえる。
【0012】
前記光制御板6は、この様に、画角の上限より大きい角度で入射しようとする光、特に、太陽光線や照明手段による強い光線を遮ろうとするもので、光を確実に遮断し得る素材と構造を選択しなければならない。具体的には、図1の如く暗色の合成樹脂を、画角の上限と同じ角度に傾斜した錐面を下面5として有するすり鉢状に成形し、その最下部、即ち前記錐面の頂点部を上位遮光面1の表面形状に倣って成形し、ブロック本体8と光制御板6の両者を、回転体たるその軸線20が一致する様に接着したものである。
【0013】
尚、当該光制御板6とブロック本体8を一体化する手段としては、上記の如く分離不能に接着する手段の他、前記両者の接合部のうちの一方には凹部を設け、他方には凸部を設けることにより、両者が着脱できる構造としても良い。又、ブロック本体8と光制御板6の両者を透明素材を以て一体成形し、ブロック本体8の遮光面1,3を形成する際に当該光制御板6の下面5へ適当な遮光措置を施しても良い。
【0014】
光制御板6が持つ錐面(下面5)の上下の長さは、設置場所や照明の設定箇所に応じて適宜調整すれば良く、防災システム等、人目につきにくくしなければならない用途に用いる場合には、光制御板6の上面に対し、設置箇所の周囲にとけこませるべく化粧或いは細工を施しても良い。
【0015】
図5には、以上の如く構成したパノラマ画像ブロックにおけるブロック本体8の下位透光面4から出射した光を受けるシステムと、それによってターゲットたるCCD11に写し出された像12が示されている。当該システムは、パノラマ画像ブロック14と、リレーレンズ15と、前記CCD11を内蔵するビデオカメラ16とが同軸線20上に配置されている。この像12は、当該ブロック本体の上位透光面2へ急角度(直角に近いほど急であると表現する。)で入射する直射光が遮られることによって、当該ブロック本体8へ入射する光のほとんどが、画角内から或いは画角から外れてはいるものの緩い角度で上位透光面へ入射する間接光となる。よって、前記光制御板6が持つ錐面の長さ調整の不備がない限り、或いは、画角内やその近傍に極めて強い無指向性の光源が存在しない限りフレア等の問題は生じにくい。よって、この実施形態は、より明瞭な正規画像13を得るのに極めて実用性が高いと言える。
【0016】
第2の実施の形態は、前記上位透光面2の上方を覆う光制御板7の下面5に反射鏡18が設けられているパノラマ画像ブロックである(図2参照)。この反射鏡18は、当該パノラマ画像ブロックの画角内に存在する対象を画角から逸脱する角度で入射せしめることにより、画角内に存在する特定の被写体を、正規画像13としてのみならず、不正規画像17としても結像させるものである。
【0017】
当該反射鏡18は、前記光制御板7の一部に付設されており、当該反射鏡18を付設した部分(以下、可動部19と記す。)は、当該光制御板7の底部を支点として上下に揺動できる構造となっている。そして、当該パノラマ画像ブロックをその軸線20を以て回転させることにより、光制御板7の一部に付設されている反射鏡18がブロック本体8の画角内を広範囲に亘ってカバーし、被写体が不正規画像17内に捕らえられた際のパノラマ画像ブロックの向き、及び前記可動部19の傾斜角度から被写体の位置を特定することができる。
【0018】
不正規画像17は、本来のパノラマ画像ブロック本来の機能からすれば、不要である為に不正規画像17として取込可能な領域は、前記画角の範囲のなかでも極めて狭い領域である。しかも、特異ルートを経た像であるために正規画像13と不正規画像17とは、それぞれターゲットに結像する際の倍率が異なるのは避けられない。この様な背景から、前記反射鏡18が下面5に設けられた光制御板7を具備する実施の形態では、取り込んだ画像全体を評価すると言うよりも、特定の被写体、例えば、複数方向に存在する赤外線発光体等の有無を一個のパノラマ画像ブロックを以て一括検出するといった例が適している。前記の如く複数の赤外線発光体を用いる場合には、ターゲットとして複数の赤外線受光装置を正規画像が結ばれる領域に適宜配置して用いることもある。
【0019】
多数の被写体(前記赤外線発光体等)を検出する場合、例えば、パノラマ画像ブロックと検出すべき被写体との距離(以下、検出距離と記す。)が概ね定まっている場合には、図3の如く、光制御板7の下面5の傾斜を画角内において一定に定め、図6の如く当該光制御板7の下面5全域に亘って反射鏡18を付設すれば良く、検出距離が定まっていない場合には、画角の範囲内において上下に揺動する可動部19を複数設ければ良い。尚、反射鏡18を付設した光制御板7の下面5の傾斜が画角外という事になればフレアが発生するおそれがあり、前記可動部19の揺動範囲は画角の上限を超えると、その箇所からノイズとなる光がブロック本体8内に入射するおそれもある。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
以上のごとく本発明による請求項1記載のパノラマ画像ブロックは、当該パノラマ画像ブロックの内部において特異なルートを経るであろうと思われる光の、入射を制限するので、太陽光線や照明など強い直射光の入射が防止され、フレア等の無い比較的鮮明な正規画像を得ることができる結果、簡素な画像処理が可能となる。
【0021】
又、請求項2記載のパノラマ画像ブロックを使用することによって、正規画像が環状画像としてデフォルメされていたとしても、例えば、所定の被写体を常に不正規画像の所定の箇所に捕らえるべく当該パノラマ画像ブロックの位置や姿勢を調整することによって、当該パノラマ画像ブロックの基準位置を定めることができ、ひいては当該パノラマ画像ブロックの現在位置を割り出し、種々の位置制御に利用することもできる。
【0022】
逆に、請求項3又は請求項4記載のパノラマ画像ブロックを用いた場合には、例えば、画角内を移動する被写体を、不正規画像として捕らえるべく光制御板に追尾させることができ、当該パノラマ画像ブロックの向きや、光制御板の可動部の傾斜角を取得することによって被写体の位置を検出することもできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明によるパノラマ画像ブロックの一例を示す斜視図である。
【図2】本発明によるパノラマ画像ブロックの一例を示す斜視図である。
【図3】本発明によるパノラマ画像ブロックの一例を示す斜視図である。
【図4】パノラマ画像ブロックによる結像の原理を示す説明図である。
【図5】本発明によるパノラマ画像ブロックを用いた画像取得システムの一例を示す説明図である。
【図6】本発明によるパノラマ画像ブロックを用いた画像取得システムの一例を示す説明図である。
【図7】従来のパノラマ画像ブロックを用いた画像取得システムの一例を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 上位遮光面
2 上位透光面
3 下位遮光面
4 下位透光面
5 下面
6 光制御板
7 光制御板
18 反射鏡
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a panoramic image block capable of capturing a three-dimensional space around an imaging unit at a wide angle and forming an image as a ring image.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a three-dimensional space panoramic image block, for example, there is a block disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-85019. That is, it is made of a barrel-shaped transparent body having an outer peripheral surface formed round around the axis, an upper end surface, and a lower end surface, and the outer peripheral surface is divided into an upper outer peripheral surface and a lower outer peripheral surface by a plane perpendicular to the axis. The upper outer peripheral surface is formed as a refracting surface on which external light enters the transparent body, and the lower outer peripheral surface is formed as a reflecting surface on which light incident from the upper outer peripheral surface and traveling through the transparent body is reflected. The upper end surface is formed as a reflection surface on which the light reflected on the lower outer peripheral surface and traveling in the transparent body is reflected again, and the lower end surface is formed on the upper end surface so that the light reflected on the upper end surface and traveling on the transparent body is reflected. It is formed as a refraction surface that exits from a transparent body.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The mapping by the above-mentioned conventional panoramic image block is formed on targets such as CCDs, and various controls are performed according to the electrical outputs from the targets. However, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, some of the light connected to the target CCD includes light that has passed through a peculiar route inside the panoramic image block. There is a problem that processing becomes complicated.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can perform desired image processing easily by performing control on light such as blocking light that has not undergone regular refraction. The purpose is to provide a panoramic image block.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A panoramic image block according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above problems, has an upper light-shielding surface at the upper center, an upper light-transmitting surface at the upper edge, a lower light-shielding surface at the lower edge, and a lower light at the lower center. A rotating body made of a transparent material having a light-transmitting surface, wherein the lower light-shielding surface is a reflecting mirror capable of passing incident light from the upper light-transmitting surface through the rotating body and collecting the light on the upper light-shielding surface; The upper light-shielding surface is a panoramic image block that is a reflecting mirror capable of collecting the reflected light from the lower light-shielding surface through the rotary body and collecting the lower light-transmitting surface, and covers the upper part of the upper light-transmitting surface. And a light control plate having a lower surface coinciding with the upper edge of the angle of view.
[0006]
The light-shielding surface is a surface that prevents external light from entering the inside of the panoramic image block. Generally, the upper light-shielding surface is formed as a concave curved surface, and the lower light-shielding surface is formed as a convex curved surface. Have been. On the other hand, the translucent surface is a surface on which no measures are taken to block light, and is a surface through which light can pass between the inside and the outside of the panoramic image block. Generally, the upper light-transmitting surface is formed as a convex curved surface, and the lower light-transmitting surface is appropriately selected from a convex curved surface, a concave curved surface, and a flat surface according to the size of the target.
[0007]
The light control plate is preferably a rotating body having a downward conical surface, that is, a shape having a mortar shape and uniformly covering the upper light-transmitting surface, but the shape may be appropriately determined as necessary. good. The angle of view generally refers to a range of incident angles that can be clearly photographed by a lens. In the case of the panoramic image block, light incident from the upper translucent surface to the inside of the block passes through a regular route to the target. It refers to the range of the incident angle on the upper translucent surface that is indispensable to be formed as a clear panoramic image (hereinafter, referred to as a regular image). Incidentally, a route in which light incident from the upper light-transmitting surface is emitted from the lower light-transmitting surface after being sequentially reflected by the lower light-shielding surface and the upper light-shielding surface inside the block is defined as a normal route, and other routes are used. Is a singular route. Further, the phrase “matched with the upper edge of the angle of view” means that, for example, in the case of a light control plate having a mortar shape, the conical surface is the upper limit of the angle of view, and the upper light-transmitting light is transmitted from the upper limit or more. It refers to a state in which direct light incident on a surface is almost blocked, and light incident from within the angle of view can be reliably taken into the block.
[0008]
Depending on the content of the required control, a reflecting mirror which covers the upper side of the upper translucent surface and allows an object existing within the angle of view of the panoramic image block to enter at an angle deviating from the angle of view of the light control plate. A panoramic image block formed on at least a part of the lower surface may be used. The angle deviating from the angle of view refers to an angle at which an extension of light incident on the upper translucent surface deviates from the range of the angle of view, but light incident at such an angle is peculiar. On the target via the route, an unclear annular image (hereinafter, referred to as an irregular image) is connected to the outside of the regular image. Thus, the image of the subject existing within the angle of view is present in the regular image and the irregular image, and the panoramic image block and the subject are moved based on the positional relationship between the images of the subject transferred to those images. Can guide the distance.
[0009]
The light control plate provided with the reflecting mirror may be in the shape of the mortar or a plate having a certain width. In any case, in a case where only a part of the light control plate is provided with a reflecting mirror, in order to prevent a direction in which a subject to be reflected can be captured from being restricted, a system in which the entire panoramic image block rotates around its axis. Or a structure in which only the light control plate is rotatable around the axis of the panoramic image block while covering a part or the entire area above the upper light transmitting surface. In addition, since the inclination angle of the light control plate is constant, the range in which the image of the subject can be reflected toward the upper light-transmitting surface is not limited so that the light control plate is driven by appropriate driving means. May be set to be vertically swingable.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a panoramic image block according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The panoramic image block shown in FIG. 1 includes an upper light-shielding surface 1 at the center of the upper surface, an upper light-transmitting surface 2 at the upper edge, a lower light-shielding surface 3 at the lower edge, and a lower light-transmitting surface 4 at the lower center. The lower light-shielding surface 3 is a reflecting mirror that can collect incident light from the upper light-transmitting surface 2 to the upper light-shielding surface 1 by passing through the rotary member. The surface 1 includes a block main body 8 configured as an appropriate curved surface or a plane so as to be a reflecting mirror capable of passing the reflected light from the lower light-shielding surface 3 through the rotating body and collecting the light on the lower light-transmitting surface 4. And a light control plate 6 having a lower surface 5 which uniformly covers the upper side of the upper light transmitting surface 2 and coincides with the upper edge of the angle of view of the panoramic image block.
[0011]
The block main body 8 sequentially reflects the light incident on the upper light-transmitting surface 2 from within the angle of view by the lower light-shielding surface 3 and the upper light-shielding surface 1 as shown in FIG. In addition to having a function of forming a normal image 13 passing through the relay lens 9 and passing through the normal route onto the target 10 through the relay lens 9, light incident on the upper translucent surface 2 from outside the angle of view is transmitted through the lower route through the singular route. It has a function of emitting light from the light transmitting surface 4 to form an irregular image 17 around the regular image 13. The light incident on the upper light-transmitting surface 2 at an angle smaller than the lower edge of the angle of view passes in the opposite direction to the lower light-transmitting surface 4. It can be said that the light is exclusively incident on the upper translucent surface 2 at an angle larger than the upper limit of the angle of view.
[0012]
The light control plate 6 is intended to block light that is to be incident at an angle larger than the upper limit of the angle of view, in particular, a strong ray of sunlight or illuminating means, and is a material that can reliably block light. And you have to choose the structure. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, a dark synthetic resin is formed into a mortar shape having a conical surface inclined at the same angle as the upper limit of the angle of view as a lower surface 5, and the lowermost part, that is, the vertex of the conical surface is formed. The block main body 8 and the light control plate 6 are adhered so that the axis 20 of the rotating body coincides with the block main body 8 and the light control plate 6.
[0013]
As means for integrating the light control plate 6 and the block body 8, in addition to the means for inseparably bonding as described above, a concave portion is provided in one of the joint portions of the two, and a convex portion is provided in the other. By providing a portion, a structure in which both can be attached and detached may be adopted. Further, both the block main body 8 and the light control plate 6 are integrally formed of a transparent material, and when forming the light shielding surfaces 1 and 3 of the block main body 8, an appropriate light shielding measure is applied to the lower surface 5 of the light control plate 6. Is also good.
[0014]
The vertical length of the conical surface (lower surface 5) of the light control plate 6 may be appropriately adjusted according to the installation location and the setting location of the lighting, and is used in applications such as a disaster prevention system that must be made inconspicuous. In the meantime, the upper surface of the light control plate 6 may be subjected to makeup or work so as to be melted around the installation location.
[0015]
FIG. 5 shows a system for receiving light emitted from the lower light-transmitting surface 4 of the block main body 8 in the panoramic image block configured as described above, and an image 12 projected on the CCD 11 as a target thereby. In this system, a panoramic image block 14, a relay lens 15, and a video camera 16 containing the CCD 11 are arranged on a coaxial line 20. The image 12 blocks the direct light that enters the upper light-transmitting surface 2 of the block main body at a steep angle (expressed as being closer to a right angle to be steeper). Most of the light is indirect light that enters the upper light-transmitting surface at a gentle angle, albeit within or out of the angle of view. Therefore, as long as the length of the conical surface of the light control plate 6 is not inadequately adjusted, or unless an extremely strong omnidirectional light source exists in or near the angle of view, problems such as flare hardly occur. Therefore, it can be said that this embodiment is extremely practical for obtaining a clearer normal image 13.
[0016]
The second embodiment is a panoramic image block in which a reflecting mirror 18 is provided on the lower surface 5 of the light control plate 7 that covers the upper light transmitting surface 2 (see FIG. 2). The reflecting mirror 18 allows a target present in the angle of view of the panoramic image block to be incident at an angle deviating from the angle of view, thereby not only the specific object present in the angle of view but also the normal image 13, The image is also formed as the irregular image 17.
[0017]
The reflecting mirror 18 is attached to a part of the light control plate 7, and a portion to which the reflecting mirror 18 is attached (hereinafter referred to as a movable portion 19) is provided with the bottom of the light control plate 7 as a fulcrum. It has a structure that can swing up and down. Then, by rotating the panoramic image block about its axis 20, the reflecting mirror 18 attached to a part of the light control plate 7 covers a wide range of the angle of view of the block body 8, and the subject is not affected. The position of the subject can be specified from the orientation of the panoramic image block when captured in the regular image 17 and the angle of inclination of the movable section 19.
[0018]
Since the irregular image 17 is unnecessary in view of the original function of the original panoramic image block, the area that can be captured as the irregular image 17 is an extremely narrow area within the range of the angle of view. In addition, since the images have passed through the peculiar route, the normal image 13 and the irregular image 17 are inevitably different in magnification when they are formed on the target. Against this background, in the embodiment in which the reflecting mirror 18 is provided with the light control plate 7 provided on the lower surface 5, it is preferable to evaluate the entire captured image rather than to evaluate the entire captured image. An example in which the presence or absence of an infrared light emitter or the like to be detected is collectively detected using one panoramic image block is suitable. When a plurality of infrared light emitters are used as described above, a plurality of infrared light receiving devices may be appropriately arranged and used in a region where a regular image is formed as a target.
[0019]
When a large number of subjects (such as the infrared light emitters) are detected, for example, when the distance between the panoramic image block and the subject to be detected (hereinafter, referred to as a detection distance) is substantially determined, as shown in FIG. The inclination of the lower surface 5 of the light control plate 7 may be fixed within the angle of view, and the reflecting mirror 18 may be provided over the entire lower surface 5 of the light control plate 7 as shown in FIG. 6, and the detection distance is not fixed. In this case, a plurality of movable portions 19 that swing up and down within the range of the angle of view may be provided. If the inclination of the lower surface 5 of the light control plate 7 provided with the reflecting mirror 18 is out of the angle of view, flare may occur. If the swing range of the movable portion 19 exceeds the upper limit of the angle of view, In addition, there is a possibility that light that becomes noise enters the block main body 8 from that location.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the panoramic image block according to claim 1 of the present invention limits the incidence of light that seems to go through a peculiar route inside the panoramic image block. Can be prevented, and a relatively clear regular image without flare or the like can be obtained. As a result, simple image processing can be performed.
[0021]
Further, even if the normal image is deformed as a ring image by using the panoramic image block according to claim 2, for example, the panoramic image block is always used to always capture a predetermined subject at a predetermined position of the irregular image. By adjusting the position and orientation of the panorama image block, the reference position of the panorama image block can be determined, and the current position of the panorama image block can be determined and used for various position controls.
[0022]
Conversely, when the panoramic image block according to claim 3 or 4 is used, for example, a subject moving within the angle of view can be tracked by the light control board so as to be captured as an irregular image. The position of the subject can be detected by acquiring the direction of the panoramic image block and the inclination angle of the movable part of the light control plate.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a panoramic image block according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a panoramic image block according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a panoramic image block according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of image formation by a panoramic image block.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an image acquisition system using a panoramic image block according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an image acquisition system using a panoramic image block according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional image acquisition system using a panoramic image block.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper light shielding surface 2 Upper light transmitting surface 3 Lower light shielding surface 4 Lower light transmitting surface 5 Lower surface 6 Light control plate 7 Light control plate 18 Reflecting mirror

Claims (3)

上面中央の上位遮光面(1)と、上面周縁部の上位透光面(2)と、下面周縁部の下位遮光面(3)と、下面中央部の下位透光面(4)を具備した透明素材より成る回転体であって、前記下位遮光面(3)は、上位透光面(2)からの入射光を当該回転体内を通過して上位遮光面(1)へ集め得る反射鏡とされ、前記上位遮光面(1)は、下位遮光面(3)からの反射光を当該回転体内を通過して下位透光面(4)へ集め得る反射鏡とされたパノラマ画像ブロックにおいて、
前記上位透光面(2)の上方を覆い当該パノラマ画像ブロックの画角の上縁と一致した下面(5)を有する光制御板(6)を具備することを特徴とするパノラマ画像ブロック。
An upper light-shielding surface (1) at the center of the upper surface, an upper light-transmitting surface (2) at the upper edge, a lower light-shielding surface (3) at the lower edge, and a lower light-transmitting surface (4) at the lower center. A rotating body made of a transparent material, wherein the lower light-shielding surface (3) is a reflecting mirror capable of collecting incident light from the upper light-transmitting surface (2) through the rotary body and collecting the incident light on the upper light-shielding surface (1); The upper light-shielding surface (1) is a panoramic image block that is a reflecting mirror that can collect the reflected light from the lower light-shielding surface (3) through the rotator to the lower light-transmitting surface (4).
A panoramic image block, comprising: a light control plate (6) having a lower surface (5) covering an upper side of the upper translucent surface (2) and coinciding with an upper edge of an angle of view of the panoramic image block.
上面中央の上位遮光面(1)と、上面周縁部の上位透光面(2)と、下面周縁部の下位遮光面(3)と、下面中央部の下位透光面(4)を具備した透明素材より成る回転体であって、前記下位遮光面(3)は、上位透光面(2)からの入射光を当該回転体内を通過して上位遮光面(1)へ集め得る反射鏡とされ、前記上位遮光面(1)は、下位遮光面(3)からの反射光を当該回転体内を通過して下位透光面(4)へ集め得る反射鏡とされたパノラマ画像ブロックにおいて、
前記上位透光面(2)の上方を覆い当該パノラマ画像ブロックの画角内に存在する対象を画角から逸脱する角度で入射せしめる反射鏡(18)を下面(5)の少なくとも一部として有する光制御板(7)を具備することを特徴とするパノラマ画像ブロック。
An upper light-shielding surface (1) at the center of the upper surface, an upper light-transmitting surface (2) at the upper edge, a lower light-shielding surface (3) at the lower edge, and a lower light-transmitting surface (4) at the lower center. A rotating body made of a transparent material, wherein the lower light-shielding surface (3) is a reflecting mirror capable of collecting incident light from the upper light-transmitting surface (2) through the rotary body and collecting the incident light on the upper light-shielding surface (1); The upper light-shielding surface (1) is a panoramic image block that is a reflecting mirror that can collect the reflected light from the lower light-shielding surface (3) through the rotator to the lower light-transmitting surface (4).
At least a part of the lower surface (5) includes a reflecting mirror (18) that covers an upper part of the upper light-transmitting surface (2) and allows an object existing within the angle of view of the panoramic image block to enter at an angle deviating from the angle of view. A panoramic image block comprising a light control plate (7).
上面中央の上位遮光面(1)と、上面周縁部の上位透光面(2)と、下面周縁部の下位遮光面(3)と、下面中央部の下位透光面(4)を具備した透明素材より成る回転体であって、前記下位遮光面(3)は、上位透光面(2)からの入射光を当該回転体内を通過して上位遮光面(1)へ集め得る反射鏡とされ、前記上位遮光面(1)は、下位遮光面(3)からの反射光を当該回転体内を通過して下位透光面(4)へ集め得る反射鏡とされたパノラマ画像ブロックにおいて、
前記上位透光面(2)の上方を覆い当該パノラマ画像ブロックの画角内に存在する対象を画角から逸脱する角度で入射せしめる反射鏡(18)を下面(5)の少なくとも一部として有する光制御板(7)を上下揺動可能に設けたことを特徴とするパノラマ画像ブロック。
An upper light-shielding surface (1) at the center of the upper surface, an upper light-transmitting surface (2) at the upper edge, a lower light-shielding surface (3) at the lower edge, and a lower light-transmitting surface (4) at the lower center. A rotating body made of a transparent material, wherein the lower light-shielding surface (3) is a reflecting mirror capable of collecting incident light from the upper light-transmitting surface (2) through the rotary body and collecting the incident light on the upper light-shielding surface (1); The upper light-shielding surface (1) is a panoramic image block that is a reflecting mirror that can collect the reflected light from the lower light-shielding surface (3) through the rotator to the lower light-transmitting surface (4).
At least a part of the lower surface (5) includes a reflecting mirror (18) that covers an upper part of the upper light-transmitting surface (2) and allows an object existing within the angle of view of the panoramic image block to enter at an angle deviating from the angle of view. A panoramic image block, wherein a light control plate (7) is provided so as to be able to swing up and down.
JP18038798A 1998-06-26 1998-06-26 Panoramic image block Expired - Fee Related JP3562963B2 (en)

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