JP3559207B2 - Cold rolling method with excellent dimensional accuracy - Google Patents

Cold rolling method with excellent dimensional accuracy Download PDF

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JP3559207B2
JP3559207B2 JP28648199A JP28648199A JP3559207B2 JP 3559207 B2 JP3559207 B2 JP 3559207B2 JP 28648199 A JP28648199 A JP 28648199A JP 28648199 A JP28648199 A JP 28648199A JP 3559207 B2 JP3559207 B2 JP 3559207B2
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Prior art keywords
roll
temperature
rolling
cold rolling
dimensional accuracy
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JP28648199A
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JP2001105009A (en
Inventor
親定 本田
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Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd
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Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、被加工物の寸法精度が厳しく、かつ工具寸法の大きい冷間重圧延での寸法精度の優れた冷間圧延方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に冷間圧延中の工具は、被加工物の加工熱により温度が徐々に上昇する場合には、それを防ぐために冷却装置が必要な場合が生じる。その例として、オイルクーラント等を掲げることができる。しかしながら単位時間当たりの加工量が大きい冷間圧延等の場合には、工具の温度上昇を防ぐことは困難である。そのため工具の熱膨張により被加工物の寸法が徐々に変化する。従って、特に寸法調整が可能な場合には、工具が定常温度になるまで寸法調整を何回も繰り返すか、或いは寸法調整が不可能な場合には、工具が定常温度になるまでに加工した被加工物は屑にしなければならないという場合が生じる。
【0003】
また、上述した寸法調整を繰り返す場合には、その間加工が中断されるため、定常温度近くまで上昇した工具の温度が低下し、さらに定常温度まで上昇する時間が遅れることになる。これに対し、従来技術としてバッチ炉や発熱体による加熱方法が提案されているが、しかしバッチ炉はロールだけを加熱するのは困難であり、また、発熱体の場合ロール外周面からの加熱となり全体温度が不均一になり均一化に長時間を要するという問題がある。さらにはカリバー形状が複雑なロールの加熱のためには、発熱体を寸法別に多数取り揃える必要がある。
【0004】
これらの問題を解決するために、冷間加工において冷間工具を発熱体を使用し、インライン加熱で稼働中に所要温度まで加熱制御して冷間加工に供する方法として、特開平2−303647号公報が知られている。これは熱間鍛造または温間鍛造により成形された粗形部材の外周面の加工精度を高めるため行われるサイジング工程で用いる鍛造部品の押出し成形装置であって、サイジング加工に用いるダイ自体の外形寸法を微調整することにより、被成形品の寸法精度を所定量の保持できる鍛造部品の押出し成形装置であり、ヒータによりダイを加熱し、このダイをヒータ駆動手段が所要温度に保持できるので、ダイは温度に応じた量だけ熱膨張、収縮してその外形寸法を増減調整させ、その中央加工穴の切り刃により研削される粗形部材は所望の寸法精度の被成形品に成形するものである。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述したように、冷間工具を発熱体によりインライン加熱で稼働中に所要温度まで加熱制御する方法自体は知られている。しかし、圧延ロールが高速で回転あるいは移動する冷間圧延などでは、特開平2−303647号公報にあるようなインラインで稼働中に所要温度まで加熱制御することは困難である。また、複雑なカリバー形状を有する、例えばピルガーロールダイスの均熱加熱は非常に困難であり、加熱方法も難しいという問題がある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述したような問題を解消するために、発明者らは鋭意開発を進めた結果、ロールシャフトに組込まれたロールを冷間加工時の定常温度になるように、インライン組み込みから圧延開始までに自然冷却する温度を予知して、定常温度以上に予めオフラインで加熱して圧延するため、ダイスの寸法変化が無く被圧延材の寸法変化が無くなり、しかもシャフトに組込まれたロールだけを加熱できるように低周波のインダクションヒーターによりロール全体が均一に加熱さることが可能となり、寸法精度の優れた冷間圧延方法を開発した。その発明の要旨とするところは、冷間圧延時の定常温度以上に予め低周波のインダクションヒーターを用いて加熱した圧延ロールを使用することを特徴とする寸法精度の優れた冷間圧延方法にある。
【0007】
以下、本発明について図面に従って詳細に説明する。
図1は、本発明に係る圧延ロールの加熱状態を示す説明図である。図1に示すように、シャフト1およびロールチョック2に組込まれた圧延ロール3を低周波のインダクションヒーター4によって、冷間加工時の定常温度である、80〜120℃に予めオフラインで加熱して加工に供するものである。このように圧延ロール3の温度を加工時の定常温度である80〜120℃に予め加熱しているため、熱膨張によるロールの寸法変化が無く被加工物の寸法変化が少なくなった。
【0008】
加熱方法は、シャフト1に組込まれた圧延ロール3だけを加熱できるように低周波である50〜80Hzのインダクションヒーター4を採用した。すなわち、周波数は高周波になるとロール表面だけが加熱され外周と内周で温度差が大きくなり全体温度が安定せず被加工物の寸法変化が大きいため、ロール全体が均一に加熱され温度管理の容易な低周波とした。
【0009】
図2はインダクションヒーター加熱後の圧延ロールの内外周の温度状況を示す図である。この図2に示すように、高周波インダクションヒーターと低周波インダクションヒーターとを比較すると、高周波インダクションヒーターによる圧延ロール温度は外周が高く、内周が極めて低く、内外の温度差が大きいのに対し、低周波インダクションヒーターによれば、ほぼ、圧延ロールの内外温度約118℃と内外共に均一加熱が可能となり、内外の温度差が極めて小さい加熱が可能となった。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下、本発明について、実施例によって具体的に説明する。
100VMRコールドピルガーミルにおける、ロールダイスを横形インダクションヒーターで118℃まで加熱後コールドピルガーミルに組み込み、加工開始直前のロールダイス温度を定常温度である87℃に近い93℃にして、φ92×13tの母管からφ57×6.65tの製品の冷間圧延を行った。その結果を表1に示す。この表1に示すように、本発明は比較例に比べて、被圧延材の外径変化量は殆ど0mmであり、製品寸法変化量が小さいため、寸法調整回数が大幅に削減することができ、生産性が向上し、また、寸法外れによる屑量も削減できた。また、圧延目標寸法を公差中心に設定でき、さらにロールダイスを加熱するため、ダイスカリバー寸法が約0.2mm大きくなり、ダイスによる噛み出し疵が発生しなくなり、それらによる歩留りの向上を図ることが可能となった。
【0011】
【表1】

Figure 0003559207
【0012】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明により、寸法調整回数が大幅に削減でき、また、寸法変化量が小さいため、屑量を削減でき、かつ圧延目標寸法を公差中心に設定でき、さらにロールダイスを加熱するため、ダイスカリバー寸法が大きくなり、ダイスによる噛み出し疵が発生しなくなる。従って、それらにより生産性の向上、並びに歩留りの向上を図ることが出来る極めて優れた効果を奏するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る圧延ロールの加熱状態を示す説明図である。
【図2】インダクションヒーター加熱後の圧延ロールの内外周の温度状況を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 シャフト
2 ロールチョック
3 圧延ロール
4 低周波のインダクションヒーター[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cold rolling method in which dimensional accuracy of a workpiece is strict and excellent in dimensional accuracy in cold heavy rolling with a large tool size.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, when the temperature of a tool during cold rolling gradually rises due to the processing heat of a workpiece, a cooling device may be required to prevent the temperature. As an example, an oil coolant or the like can be cited. However, in the case of cold rolling or the like having a large processing amount per unit time, it is difficult to prevent the temperature of the tool from rising. Therefore, the dimensions of the workpiece gradually change due to the thermal expansion of the tool. Therefore, especially when dimensional adjustment is possible, the dimensional adjustment is repeated many times until the tool reaches the steady temperature, or when dimensional adjustment is not possible, the workpiece processed until the tool reaches the steady temperature In some cases, the workpiece must be scrapped.
[0003]
In addition, when the above-described dimensional adjustment is repeated, machining is interrupted during that time, so that the temperature of the tool that has risen to near the steady temperature decreases, and the time to rise to the steady temperature is delayed. On the other hand, a heating method using a batch furnace or a heating element has been proposed as a conventional technique, but it is difficult to heat only the roll in the batch furnace, and in the case of a heating element, heating is performed from the outer peripheral surface of the roll. There is a problem that the entire temperature becomes non-uniform and it takes a long time to make it uniform. Furthermore, in order to heat a roll having a complicated caliber shape, it is necessary to prepare a large number of heating elements for each dimension.
[0004]
In order to solve these problems, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-330347 discloses a method in which a heating tool is used as a cold tool in cold working, and heating is controlled to a required temperature during operation by in-line heating to perform cold working. Publications are known. This is a device for extruding forged parts used in the sizing process performed to increase the processing accuracy of the outer peripheral surface of the rough member formed by hot forging or warm forging, and the external dimensions of the die itself used for sizing Is a device for extruding a forged part capable of maintaining a predetermined amount of dimensional accuracy of a molded product by fine adjustment of the die. The die is heated by a heater, and the heater driving means can maintain the die at a required temperature. Is to expand and contract by thermal expansion and contraction by an amount corresponding to the temperature, and to adjust the outer dimension, and the rough member ground by the cutting edge of the central processing hole is formed into a workpiece having a desired dimensional accuracy. .
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, a method itself for controlling the heating of a cold tool to a required temperature during operation by a heating element by in-line heating is known. However, in cold rolling or the like in which a rolling roll rotates or moves at high speed, it is difficult to control heating to a required temperature during in-line operation as disclosed in JP-A-2-303647. In addition, there is a problem that it is very difficult to uniformly heat a Pilger roll die having a complicated caliber shape, for example, and a heating method is also difficult.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors have made intensive developments, and as a result, the roll incorporated in the roll shaft is naturally cooled from the in-line incorporation to the start of rolling so that the temperature at the time of cold working becomes a steady temperature. Foreseeing the cooling temperature and heating and rolling off-line in advance to the normal temperature or higher, so there is no dimensional change of the dies and the dimensional change of the material to be rolled, so that only the roll incorporated in the shaft can be heated. A low frequency induction heater enables the entire roll to be heated uniformly, and a cold rolling method with excellent dimensional accuracy has been developed. The gist of the invention lies in a cold rolling method excellent in dimensional accuracy, characterized in that a rolling roll heated using a low-frequency induction heater in advance at a steady temperature or more during cold rolling is used. .
[0007]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a heated state of a rolling roll according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the rolling roll 3 incorporated in the shaft 1 and the roll chock 2 is preliminarily heated off-line to 80 to 120 ° C., which is a steady temperature during cold working, by a low-frequency induction heater 4. It is to be offered to. As described above, since the temperature of the rolling roll 3 was previously heated to 80 to 120 ° C., which is a steady temperature during processing, there was no dimensional change of the roll due to thermal expansion, and the dimensional change of the workpiece was reduced.
[0008]
As the heating method, an induction heater 4 having a low frequency of 50 to 80 Hz was employed so that only the rolling roll 3 incorporated in the shaft 1 could be heated. In other words, when the frequency becomes high, only the roll surface is heated, and the temperature difference between the outer and inner circumferences becomes large, and the overall temperature is not stable, and the dimensional change of the workpiece is large. Low frequency.
[0009]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the temperature condition of the inner and outer circumferences of the rolling roll after heating the induction heater. As shown in FIG. 2, when the high-frequency induction heater and the low-frequency induction heater are compared, the rolling roll temperature by the high-frequency induction heater is high at the outer periphery, extremely low at the inner periphery, and large, while the temperature difference between the inside and outside is large. According to the frequency induction heater, the inside and outside temperature of the rolling roll was almost uniform at about 118 ° C., and the inside and outside temperature difference was extremely small.
[0010]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically with reference to examples.
In a 100 VMR cold pilger mill, the roll dies were heated to 118 ° C. by a horizontal induction heater and then incorporated in the cold pilger mill. The roll die temperature immediately before the start of processing was set to 93 ° C. close to the steady temperature of 87 ° C., and φ92 × 13 t Was cold-rolled from the mother pipe of φ57 × 6.65t. Table 1 shows the results. As shown in Table 1, in the present invention, the outer diameter change amount of the material to be rolled is almost 0 mm and the product dimensional change amount is small as compared with the comparative example, so that the number of dimensional adjustments can be greatly reduced. As a result, the productivity was improved, and the amount of debris due to deviation from dimensions was reduced. In addition, the roll target dimension can be set to the center of tolerance, and the roll dies are further heated, so that the die caliber dimensions are increased by about 0.2 mm, so that the die flaws do not occur due to the dies, thereby improving the yield. It has become possible.
[0011]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003559207
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the number of dimensional adjustments can be significantly reduced, and the amount of dimensional change is small, so that the amount of waste can be reduced, and the target rolling dimension can be set at the center of tolerance, and the roll die can be further heated. As a result, the size of the die caliber becomes large, and the die flaw caused by the die does not occur. Therefore, they provide extremely excellent effects that can improve the productivity and the yield.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a heated state of a rolling roll according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a temperature state of the inner and outer circumferences of a rolling roll after heating an induction heater.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shaft 2 Roll chock 3 Roll roll 4 Low frequency induction heater

Claims (1)

冷間圧延時の定常温度まで予め低周波のインダクションヒーターを用いて加熱した圧延ロールを使用することを特徴とする寸法精度の優れた冷間圧延方法。A cold rolling method with excellent dimensional accuracy, characterized by using a rolling roll previously heated to a steady temperature during cold rolling using a low-frequency induction heater.
JP28648199A 1999-10-07 1999-10-07 Cold rolling method with excellent dimensional accuracy Expired - Lifetime JP3559207B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7188501B2 (en) * 2005-06-28 2007-03-13 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Cold rolling process for metal tubes
EP1738839B1 (en) 2005-06-28 2009-08-26 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. Cold rolling process for metal tubes
CN104117538A (en) * 2014-08-12 2014-10-29 陕西省军工(集团)陕铜有限责任公司 Head grinding machine for large copper and copper alloy bar profiles
CN105215258A (en) * 2015-11-17 2016-01-06 中航工业哈尔滨轴承有限公司 A kind of forging method reducing bearing fine crack defective proportion

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