JP3543549B2 - Manufacturing method of electrode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of electrode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3543549B2
JP3543549B2 JP19963797A JP19963797A JP3543549B2 JP 3543549 B2 JP3543549 B2 JP 3543549B2 JP 19963797 A JP19963797 A JP 19963797A JP 19963797 A JP19963797 A JP 19963797A JP 3543549 B2 JP3543549 B2 JP 3543549B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
etching
etching pit
seconds
pit
foil
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JP19963797A
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JPH1145829A (en
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健 鳥居
善博 渡辺
浩一 小島
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Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Panasonic Corp
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はアルミ電解コンデンサ用電極箔の製造方法に関するもので、特に高圧での化成に適した陽極アルミニウム箔のエッチング技術に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、セットの小型化、高信頼性化に伴い、アルミ電解コンデンサに対するユーザーからのニーズ(小型化、コストダウン)が急速に高まっているため、アルミ電解コンデンサ用電極箔(以下電極箔と称す)も従来以上に単位面積当たりの静電容量を高める必要が生じている。特に昨今海外の市場や産業用の大形製品の市場の拡大に伴い、コンデンサ製品の中でも特に使用電圧の高い領域でのコストダウンが課題となっている。
【0003】
以下に従来の電極箔の製造方法について説明する。
電極箔はアルミ電解コンデンサの小型化を図るために、アルミニウム箔を電気化学的あるいは化学的にエッチングして有効表面積を拡大したものが使用されている。この表面積の拡大のために種々のエッチング方法が研究されているが、一般的にはアルミニウム箔を数種類の異なるエッチング槽に連続的に挿入し、各エッチング槽内で電流印加あるいは化学溶解を行うことによってアルミニウム箔の表面積を徐々に拡大し、そして最終洗浄を行うことによりエッチングを行っている。次工程では製品の使用電圧に応じた化成皮膜を生成する処理が行われるが、そこで化成電圧が異なると適切なピット形状が異なるため、化成電圧に応じたピット形状に制御してやることが重要となる。従来は200V台後半から400V台までの化成電圧の需要が多かったので、特公平3−69168号公報に示されているように静電容量を引き出すのに必要なピット密度を多く確保するためにエッチングピット発生工程を重視しており、その分エッチングピット拡大工程での電流印加量を比較的少なくしていた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記した従来の技術では高圧、特に500V以上の電圧で化成した場合に化成皮膜で埋まってしまうエッチングピットが比較的多く残存しており、その結果、容量が十分に引き出せず、化成工程での単位容量当たりの消費電力も増大するという問題点を有していた。
【0005】
本発明は上記従来の問題点を解決するもので、特に高圧で化成する場合において単位面積当たりの静電容量が高く、かつ化成工程での消費電力の削減効果も有するアルミ電解コンデンサ用電極箔の製造方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために本発明のアルミ電解コンデンサ用電極箔の製造方法は、アルミニウム原箔の前処理工程とエッチングピット発生工程とエッチングピット拡大工程を備え、前記エッチングピット拡大工程が少なくとも30秒間隔以内に印加電流の遮断時間を2秒以上設け、かつ印加される電気量をエッチングピット発生工程で印加される電気量の200%以上400%以下とし、このエッチング箔を500V以上の電圧で化成するようにしたもので、この製造方法によれば、特に高圧で化成する場合において単位面積当たりの静電容量が高く、かつ化成工程での消費電力の削減効果も有するものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の請求項1に記載の発明は、アルミニウム原箔の前処理工程とエッチングピット発生工程とエッチングピット拡大工程を備え、前記エッチングピット拡大工程が少なくとも30秒間隔以内に印加電流の遮断時間を2秒以上設け、かつ印加される電気量をエッチングピット発生工程で印加される電気量の200%以上400%以下とし、このエッチング箔を500V以上の電圧で化成するようにしたもので、この製造方法によれば、前段のエッチングピット発生工程の前にアルミニウム原箔に前処理を施すようにしているため、アルミニウム原箔の表面に存在する不均一な自然酸化皮膜の影響は緩和されることになり、これにより、エッチングピットは均一に生成され、そして後半のエッチングピット拡大工程では前段で生成したエッチングピットに高圧化成への対応を意識し十分な電気量を印加してエッチングピットを拡大するため、高い電圧で化成した場合でもエッチングピットが化成皮膜で埋まる割合が低減され、これにより電極箔の静電容量を高くすることができるとともに、さらに化成工程における消費電力の増大も防ぐことができるものである。
【0008】
また、前記エッチングピット拡大工程において、少なくとも30秒間隔以内に印加電流の遮断時間を2秒以上設けることにより、エッチングピット内部の液交換が促進され、かつエッチングピットの側面とエッチング液との反応抵抗がエッチングピット内部のエッチング液の液抵抗に比べて十分大きくなり、さらにはエッチングピット側面の溶解速度がエッチングピットの長さ方向でほぼ一定に保持され、エッチングピット表面の無効溶解が低減されて理想形態である円柱状に近い形状でエッチングピットの拡大が進行するため、電極箔の単位面積当たりの静電容量の増大が図れるものである。
【0009】
以下、本発明の具体的な実施の形態について説明する。
(実施の形態1)
純度99.989%、厚み100μm、(100)面結晶方位率90%以上のアルミニウム原箔に、燐酸または硫酸を含む水溶液中で1分間浸漬する前処理を施し、続いて塩酸を主体とし、これに蓚酸、硫酸等の皮膜生成機能を持つ添加剤を加えた酸性水溶液中で電流密度20A/dm2の直流電流を150秒間印加してエッチングピットの発生処理を行い、その後、硫酸または硝酸を主成分とする化学溶解性の低い酸性水溶液中に浸漬し、電流密度10A/dm2の直流電流の総印加時間を450秒から1350秒の範囲で変化させてエッチングピットの拡大処理を行う。なお、エッチングピット拡大工程においては、30秒間隔で電流を2秒間遮断する。
【0010】
(表1)は実施の形態1で得られたエッチング終了後の箔表面を9%、50℃の硝酸水溶液中で1分間洗浄した後、8%、90℃の硼酸水溶液中で化成を行い(化成電圧は450Vから600Vまで50V間隔で実施)、それらの各試料について静電容量、折曲げ強度(1.0mmR、50g荷重、折曲げ角90度の条件下1往復で1回とする)、容量当たりの化成消費電力指数を測定した結果を示したものである。
【0011】
【表1】

Figure 0003543549
【0012】
(表1)から明らかなように、エッチングピット拡大工程での印加電気量がエッチングピット発生工程での印加電気量の200%から400%の範囲にある場合は、500V以上の化成電圧において、比較例に比べて静電容量アップならびに化成時の消費電力削減の効果が認められる。エッチングピット拡大工程での印加電気量がエッチングピット発生工程での印加電気量の200%より少ない場合は、エッチングピットの径が十分に拡大されていないため、500V以上の高い電圧で化成した場合に、化成皮膜でエッチングピットが埋まってしまう無効ピット(静電容量の増大に寄与しない)が多くなってしまい効果が現れない。一方、エッチングピット拡大工程での印加電気量がエッチングピット発生工程での印加電気量の400%より多い場合は、生成されたエッチングピットのうち、隣り合ったエッチングピットどうしがつぶしあって実質有効なエッチングピット密度が少なくなり、かえって静電容量が低下してしまうものである。
【0013】
(実施の形態2)
純度99.989%、厚み100μm、(100)面結晶方位率90%以上のアルミニウム原箔に、燐酸または硫酸を含む水溶液中で1分間浸漬する前処理を施し、続いて塩酸を主体とし、これに蓚酸、硫酸等の皮膜生成機能を持つ添加剤を加えた酸性水溶液中で電流密度20A/dm2の直流電流を150秒間印加してエッチングピットの発生処理を行い、その後、硫酸または硝酸を主成分とする化学溶解性の低い酸性水溶液中に浸漬し、電流密度10A/dm2の直流電流の総印加時間を600秒として、電流の遮断回数を10回から30回まで、1回の遮断時間を1秒から10秒まで変化させてエッチングピットの拡大処理を行う。
【0014】
(表2)は実施の形態2で得られたエッチング終了後の箔表面を9%、50℃の硝酸水溶液中で1分間洗浄した後、8%、90℃の硼酸水溶液中で600V化成を行い、それらの各試料について静電容量、折曲げ強度(1.0mmR、50g荷重、折曲げ角90度の条件下1往復で1回とする)を測定した結果を示したものである。
【0015】
【表2】
Figure 0003543549
【0016】
(表2)から明らかなように、エッチングピット拡大処理の最中に電流の遮断が少なくとも30秒に1回以上存在し、かつ1回の遮断時間が2秒以上である場合は、電流遮断の間にエッチングピット内部の液交換が促進され、かつエッチングピットの側面とエッチング液との反応抵抗がエッチングピット内部のエッチング液の液抵抗に比べて十分大きくなり、さらにはエッチングピット側面の溶解速度がエッチングピットの長さ方向でほぼ一定に保持され、エッチングピット表面の無効溶解が少なくなって理想と考えている円柱状に近い形状でエッチングピットの拡大が進行するため、電極箔の単位面積当たりの静電容量の増大が図れるものである。
【0017】
(実施の形態3)
純度99.989%、厚み100μm、(100)面結晶方位率90%以上のアルミニウム原箔に、燐酸または硫酸を含む水溶液中で1分間浸漬する前処理を施し、続いて塩酸を主体とし、これに蓚酸、硫酸等の皮膜生成機能を持つ添加剤を加えた酸性水溶液中で電流密度20A/dm2の直流電流を150秒間印加してエッチングピットの発生処理を行い、その後、硫酸または硝酸を主成分とする化学溶解性の低い酸性水溶液中に浸漬し、電流密度10A/dm2の直流電流の総印加時間を1200秒として、電流の遮断回数を20回から60回まで、1回の遮断時間を1秒から10秒まで変化させてエッチングピットの拡大処理を行う。
【0018】
(表3)は実施の形態3で得られたエッチング終了後の箔表面を9%、50℃の硝酸水溶液中で1分間洗浄した後、8%、90℃の硼酸水溶液中で600V化成を行い、それらの各試料について静電容量、折曲げ強度(1.0mmR、50g荷重、折曲げ角90度の条件下1往復で1回とする)を測定した結果を示したものである。
【0019】
【表3】
Figure 0003543549
【0020】
(表3)から明らかなように、電流密度10A/dm2の直流電流の総印加時間を1200秒とした場合においても、エッチングピット拡大処理の最中に、電流の遮断が少なくとも30秒に1回以上存在し、かつ1回の遮断時間が2秒以上である場合は、(表2)に示したものと同様、電極箔の単位面積当たりの静電容量の増大が図れるものである。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明のアルミ電解コンデンサ用電極箔の製造方法は、アルミニウム原箔の前処理工程とエッチングピット発生工程とエッチングピット拡大工程を備え、前記エッチングピット拡大工程が少なくとも30秒間隔以内に印加電流の遮断時間を2秒以上設け、かつ印加される電気量をエッチングピット発生工程で印加される電気量の200%以上400%以下とし、このエッチング箔を500V以上の電圧で化成するようにしたもので、この製造方法によれば、前段のエッチングピット発生工程の前にアルミニウム原箔に前処理を施すようにしているため、アルミニウム原箔の表面に存在する不均一な自然酸化皮膜の影響は緩和されることになり、これにより、エッチングピットは均一に生成され、そして後半のエッチングピット拡大工程では前段で生成したエッチングピットに高圧化成への対応を意識し十分な電気量を印加してエッチングピットを拡大するため、高い電圧で化成した場合でもエッチングピットが化成皮膜で埋まる割合が低減され、これにより、電極箔の静電容量を高くすることができるとともに、さらに化成工程における消費電力の増大も防ぐことができるものである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and more particularly to a technique for etching an anode aluminum foil suitable for high-pressure formation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, with the miniaturization and high reliability of the set, the needs (miniaturization, cost reduction) of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor from the user are rapidly increasing, so the electrode foil for the aluminum electrolytic capacitor (hereinafter referred to as electrode foil). In addition, it is necessary to increase the capacitance per unit area more than before. In particular, with the recent expansion of the overseas market and the market for large-sized industrial products, cost reduction in a region where the working voltage is particularly high among capacitor products has become an issue.
[0003]
Hereinafter, a conventional method for manufacturing an electrode foil will be described.
In order to reduce the size of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, an electrode foil whose electrochemical surface is electrochemically or chemically etched to increase the effective surface area is used. Various etching methods have been studied to increase the surface area, but generally, aluminum foil is continuously inserted into several different etching tanks, and current is applied or chemical melting is performed in each etching tank. The etching is performed by gradually increasing the surface area of the aluminum foil and performing final cleaning. In the next step, the process of forming a chemical conversion film according to the working voltage of the product is performed, but if the formation voltage is different, the appropriate pit shape will be different, so it is important to control the pit shape according to the formation voltage . Conventionally, there has been a large demand for the formation voltage from the latter half of the 200V range to the 400V range. Therefore, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-69168, it is necessary to increase the pit density necessary for extracting the capacitance. Emphasis is placed on the step of generating an etching pit, and the amount of current applied in the step of expanding the etching pit is correspondingly reduced.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above-described conventional technique, a relatively large number of etching pits that are filled with a chemical conversion film when formed at a high pressure, particularly at a voltage of 500 V or more, as a result, the capacity cannot be sufficiently drawn out, and Has a problem that power consumption per unit capacity also increases.
[0005]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, in particular, when forming at a high pressure, the capacitance per unit area is high, and an electrode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor which also has an effect of reducing power consumption in the formation process. An object is to provide a manufacturing method.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a method for manufacturing an electrode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of the present invention includes a pretreatment step of an aluminum foil, an etching pit generation step, and an etching pit expansion step, wherein the etching pit expansion step is performed for at least 30 seconds. provided breaking time of the applied current within the interval more than 2 seconds, and the applied electric quantity not more than 400% 200% or more amount of electricity applied in the etching pit generation step is an etching foil 500V or more this voltage According to this manufacturing method, the capacitance per unit area is high especially when forming at a high pressure, and the effect of reducing power consumption in the forming step is also obtained.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a pretreatment step of an aluminum foil, an etching pit generation step, and an etching pit enlargement step, wherein the etching pit enlargement step reduces the interruption time of the applied current within at least a 30-second interval. provided at least 2 seconds, and the amount of electricity applied to the following 400% 200% or more amount of electricity applied in the etching pit generation process, in which the etching foil this was to chemical conversion with a voltage higher than 500V, According to this manufacturing method, the pretreatment is performed on the aluminum foil before the etching pit generation step at the preceding stage, so that the influence of the non-uniform natural oxide film present on the surface of the aluminum foil is reduced. As a result, the etching pits are uniformly generated, and the etching pits generated in the previous stage are enlarged in the latter half of the etching pit expansion process. Since a sufficient amount of electricity is applied to the gpits to increase the etching pits in consideration of the high-pressure chemical conversion, the rate at which the etching pits are filled with the chemical conversion film is reduced even when the formation is performed at a high voltage. It is possible to increase the electric capacity and also prevent an increase in power consumption in the chemical conversion step.
[0008]
Further, in the above etching pits expansion process, the Rukoto provided breaking time of the applied current within at least 30 seconds or more two seconds, the liquid replacement of internal etch pits is promoted and the reaction between the side surface and the etchant etching pit The resistance is sufficiently higher than the liquid resistance of the etching solution inside the etching pit, and the dissolution rate on the side of the etching pit is kept almost constant in the length direction of the etching pit, so that the effective dissolution of the etching pit surface is reduced. Since the expansion of the etching pit progresses in a shape close to the ideal column shape, the capacitance per unit area of the electrode foil can be increased.
[0009]
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described.
(Embodiment 1)
An aluminum foil having a purity of 99.9989%, a thickness of 100 μm, and a (100) plane crystal orientation ratio of 90% or more is subjected to a pretreatment of immersing in an aqueous solution containing phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid for 1 minute, followed by hydrochloric acid. A dc current having a current density of 20 A / dm 2 is applied for 150 seconds in an acidic aqueous solution obtained by adding an additive having a film-forming function such as oxalic acid or sulfuric acid to generate etching pits. It is immersed in an acidic aqueous solution having low chemical solubility as a component, and the etching pit is enlarged by changing the total application time of a direct current having a current density of 10 A / dm 2 within a range of 450 seconds to 1350 seconds. In the etching pit enlargement step, the current is interrupted for 30 seconds at intervals of 30 seconds.
[0010]
(Table 1) shows that the foil surface after completion of etching obtained in the first embodiment was washed in a 9% aqueous solution of nitric acid at 50 ° C. for 1 minute, and then formed in an aqueous solution of 8% 90 ° C. boric acid. The formation voltage is from 450 V to 600 V at 50 V intervals), the capacitance and the bending strength of each of these samples (one reciprocation per reciprocation under the conditions of 1.0 mmR, 50 g load, bending angle of 90 degrees), It is a result of measuring a chemical power consumption index per capacity.
[0011]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003543549
[0012]
As is clear from Table 1, when the applied electric quantity in the etching pit expanding step is in the range of 200% to 400% of the applied electric quantity in the etching pit generating step, the comparison is made at a formation voltage of 500 V or more. The effects of increasing the capacitance and reducing the power consumption during formation are recognized as compared with the example. When the amount of electricity applied in the etching pit enlargement step is less than 200% of the amount of electricity applied in the etching pit generation step, the diameter of the etching pit is not sufficiently enlarged. In addition, the number of invalid pits (which do not contribute to an increase in the capacitance), in which the etching pits are filled with the chemical conversion film, increases, and the effect does not appear. On the other hand, when the applied amount of electricity in the etching pit enlargement step is larger than 400% of the applied amount of electricity in the etching pit generation step, among the generated etching pits, adjacent etching pits are crushed and are substantially effective. The etching pit density is reduced, and the capacitance is rather reduced.
[0013]
(Embodiment 2)
An aluminum foil having a purity of 99.9989%, a thickness of 100 μm, and a (100) plane crystal orientation ratio of 90% or more is subjected to a pretreatment of immersing in an aqueous solution containing phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid for 1 minute, followed by hydrochloric acid. A dc current having a current density of 20 A / dm 2 is applied for 150 seconds in an acidic aqueous solution obtained by adding an additive having a film-forming function such as oxalic acid or sulfuric acid to generate etching pits. It is immersed in an acidic aqueous solution with low chemical solubility as a component, and the total application time of a direct current having a current density of 10 A / dm 2 is set to 600 seconds, and the number of times of current interruption is 10 to 30 times, one interruption time. Is changed from 1 second to 10 seconds to perform etching pit enlargement processing.
[0014]
(Table 2) shows that the foil surface after completion of etching obtained in Embodiment 2 was washed in a 9% aqueous solution of nitric acid at 50 ° C. for 1 minute, and then subjected to a chemical conversion at 600 V in an aqueous solution of 8% and 90 ° C. boric acid. These figures show the results of measuring the capacitance and bending strength (one reciprocation once under the conditions of 1.0 mmR, 50 g load, and bending angle of 90 degrees) for each sample.
[0015]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003543549
[0016]
As is clear from Table 2, when the interruption of the current is present at least once every 30 seconds during the etching pit enlargement process and the duration of one interruption is 2 seconds or more, the current interruption is performed. During this time, the exchange of liquid inside the etching pit is promoted, and the reaction resistance between the side surface of the etching pit and the etching liquid becomes sufficiently larger than the liquid resistance of the etching liquid inside the etching pit. The etching pit is maintained almost constant in the length direction of the etching pit, the effective dissolution of the etching pit surface is reduced, and the etching pit expands in a shape close to a column which is considered to be ideal. The capacitance can be increased.
[0017]
(Embodiment 3)
An aluminum foil having a purity of 99.9989%, a thickness of 100 μm, and a (100) plane crystal orientation ratio of 90% or more is subjected to a pretreatment of immersing in an aqueous solution containing phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid for 1 minute, followed by hydrochloric acid. A dc current having a current density of 20 A / dm 2 is applied for 150 seconds in an acidic aqueous solution obtained by adding an additive having a film-forming function such as oxalic acid or sulfuric acid to generate etching pits. It is immersed in an acidic aqueous solution with low chemical solubility as a component, and the total application time of a direct current having a current density of 10 A / dm 2 is set to 1200 seconds, and the number of times of current interruption is from 20 to 60 times, one interruption time Is changed from 1 second to 10 seconds to perform etching pit enlargement processing.
[0018]
(Table 3) shows that the foil surface after completion of etching obtained in Embodiment 3 was washed in a 9% aqueous solution of nitric acid at 50 ° C. for 1 minute, and then subjected to a chemical conversion at 600 V in an aqueous solution of 8% and 90 ° C. boric acid. These figures show the results of measuring the capacitance and bending strength (one reciprocation once under the conditions of 1.0 mmR, 50 g load, and bending angle of 90 degrees) for each sample.
[0019]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003543549
[0020]
As is clear from Table 3, even when the total application time of the DC current having a current density of 10 A / dm 2 was set to 1200 seconds, the current was cut off at least every 30 seconds during the etching pit enlargement process. In the case where the electrode foil is present more than once and the cutoff time is one second or more, the capacitance per unit area of the electrode foil can be increased as in the case shown in (Table 2).
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the method for manufacturing an electrode foil for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor of the present invention includes a pretreatment step of an aluminum foil, an etching pit generation step, and an etching pit enlargement step, and the etching pit enlargement step is performed at least within an interval of 30 seconds. provided breaking time of the applied current at least 2 seconds, and the amount of electricity applied to the following 400% 200% or more amount of electricity applied in the etching pit generation process, chemical conversion and etch foil this above voltage 500V According to this manufacturing method, the pretreatment is performed on the aluminum foil before the etching pit generation step in the preceding stage, so that a non-uniform natural oxide film existing on the surface of the aluminum foil is formed. Is reduced, whereby the etching pits are uniformly generated, and the etching pit expansion in the latter half is performed. In the process, a sufficient amount of electricity is applied to the etching pits generated in the previous stage in consideration of high-pressure chemical conversion to expand the etching pits, so that even when formed at a high voltage, the proportion of the etching pits filled with the chemical conversion film is reduced. Thus, the capacitance of the electrode foil can be increased, and the power consumption in the chemical conversion step can be prevented from increasing.

Claims (1)

アルミニウム原箔の前処理工程とエッチングピット発生工程とエッチングピット拡大工程を備え、前記エッチングピット拡大工程が少なくとも30秒間隔以内に印加電流の遮断時間を2秒以上設け、かつ印加される電気量をエッチングピット発生工程で印加される電気量の200%以上400%以下とし、このエッチング箔を500V以上の電圧で化成することを特徴とするアルミ電解コンデンサ用電極箔の製造方法。The method includes a pretreatment step of an aluminum foil, an etching pit generation step, and an etching pit enlarging step, wherein the etching pit enlarging step provides a cutoff time of applied current of at least 2 seconds within an interval of at least 30 seconds , and reduces the amount of electricity applied. etching pit generation and less 400% 200% or more amount of electricity applied in step, the manufacturing method of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor electrode foil, which comprises chemically etching the foil this above voltage 500V.
JP19963797A 1997-07-25 1997-07-25 Manufacturing method of electrode foil for aluminum electrolytic capacitor Expired - Fee Related JP3543549B2 (en)

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