JP3530458B2 - Method and apparatus for starting polymer electrolyte fuel cell - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for starting polymer electrolyte fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JP3530458B2 JP3530458B2 JP2000106455A JP2000106455A JP3530458B2 JP 3530458 B2 JP3530458 B2 JP 3530458B2 JP 2000106455 A JP2000106455 A JP 2000106455A JP 2000106455 A JP2000106455 A JP 2000106455A JP 3530458 B2 JP3530458 B2 JP 3530458B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- polymer electrolyte
- electrolyte fuel
- gas
- reformer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、改質器を有する固
体高分子型燃料電池と、該固体高分子型燃料電池に接続
される電気負荷と、固体高分子型燃料電池で生じる可燃
ガスを燃焼させて熱エネルギを得るガスバーナと、改質
器の加熱用のバーナ等で構成した固体高分子型燃料電池
システムに使用される固体高分子型燃料電池の起動方法
及び該燃料電池の起動装置に関する。The present invention relates to a solid polymer fuel cell having a reformer, an electric load connected to the solid polymer fuel cell, and a combustible gas generated in the solid polymer fuel cell. The present invention relates to a method for starting a polymer electrolyte fuel cell used in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system including a gas burner that obtains heat energy by burning, a burner for heating a reformer, and the like, and an apparatus for starting the fuel cell. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】燃料電池には、燐酸型の燃料電池と固体
高分子型燃料電池とがあり、固体高分子型燃料電池に
も、燃料ガスとなる水素を水素ボンベ等の水素供給装置
から供給する型のものと、燃焼装置で常時加熱した状態
で、天然ガス、都市ガス、メタノール等の燃料ガスを改
質器等の機器で化学反応させて水素に改質し、これを燃
料電池のガス燃料として供給する型のものとがある。2. Description of the Related Art Fuel cells include phosphoric acid type fuel cells and polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Hydrogen, which is a fuel gas, is also supplied to polymer electrolyte fuel cells from a hydrogen supply device such as a hydrogen cylinder. Type and a fuel gas such as natural gas, city gas, methanol, etc., which is constantly heated by a combustion device, undergoes a chemical reaction with equipment such as a reformer to reform it into hydrogen, which is then converted into hydrogen in the fuel cell. There is a type that is supplied as fuel.
【０００３】また、燃料電池を含むエネルギ系全体のエ
ネルギの有効利用を図るため、固体高分子型燃料電池を
用いて発電を行なうとともに、発電を行なう際に発生す
る熱や燃焼の排ガスを利用して給湯を行なうコージェネ
システムを形成する固体高分子型燃料電池システムも考
えられている。Further, in order to effectively utilize the energy of the entire energy system including the fuel cell, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is used to generate power, and the heat generated during power generation and the exhaust gas from combustion are used. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell system forming a cogeneration system for supplying hot water is also considered.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、改質器
を有する固体高分子型燃料電池を使用した従来のシステ
ムでは、固体高分子型燃料電池の起動時のエネルギ損失
が避け難い上に、固体高分子型燃料電池の運転が定格安
定出力状態に達するのに時間がかかるといった問題があ
った。However, in the conventional system using the polymer electrolyte fuel cell having the reformer, energy loss at the time of starting the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is unavoidable, and the solid polymer fuel cell has a high solid content. There is a problem that it takes time for the operation of the molecular fuel cell to reach the rated stable output state.
【０００５】本発明の目的は、上述した従来の技術が有
する課題を解決し、できるだけ簡単な機器構成で、すみ
やかに固体高分子型燃料電池の運転を定常運転状態に移
行させ、燃料電池を起動する際のエネルギ損失を少なく
するとともに、システム全体としての総合エネルギ効率
を高くすることができるようにした固体高分子型燃料電
池の起動方法及びその装置を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional techniques, to promptly shift the operation of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell to a steady operation state and start the fuel cell with a device configuration as simple as possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for starting a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and an apparatus for the same, which can reduce the energy loss at the time of operation and increase the overall energy efficiency of the entire system.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１記載の発明は、
改質器を有する固体高分子型燃料電池と、該固体高分子
型燃料電池に接続される電気負荷と、固体高分子型燃料
電池で生じる可燃ガスを燃焼させて熱エネルギを得るガ
スバーナと、改質器の加熱用のバーナとを有した固体高
分子型燃料電池システムにおいて、該システム起動後に
前記改質器の機能が安定するまでは前記熱エネルギを得
るガスバーナで改質ガスを燃焼させ、改質器から所定の
質の改質ガスが得られる状態になったら前記固体高分子
型燃料電池の燃料極に改質ガスを流してその排出ガスを
前記熱エネルギを得るガスバーナで燃焼させつつ徐々に
前記電気負荷を増大させ、燃料電池の温度が作動温度に
ほぼ安定したら燃料極からの排出ガスを改質器の加熱バ
ーナで燃焼させるようにしたことを特徴とする固体高分
子型燃料電池の起動方法である。The invention according to claim 1 is
A polymer electrolyte fuel cell having a reformer, an electric load connected to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, a gas burner for burning a combustible gas generated in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell to obtain heat energy, In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system having a burner for heating a quality device, the reformed gas is burned by a gas burner that obtains the thermal energy until the function of the reformer becomes stable after the system is started, When the reformed gas of a predetermined quality is obtained from the pouch, the reformed gas is caused to flow through the fuel electrode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and the exhaust gas is gradually burned while being burned by the gas burner for obtaining the thermal energy. When the electric load is increased and the temperature of the fuel cell is substantially stabilized at the operating temperature, the exhaust gas from the fuel electrode is burned by the heating burner of the reformer. It is a method.
【０００７】請求項２記載の発明は、改質器を有する固
体高分子型燃料電池と、該固体高分子型燃料電池に接続
される電気負荷と、固体高分子型燃料電池で生じる可燃
ガスを燃焼させて熱エネルギを得るガスバーナと、改質
器の加熱用のバーナとを有し、かつ、該固体高分子型燃
料電池の起動後に前記改質器の機能が安定するまでは前
記熱エネルギを得るガスバーナで改質ガスを燃焼させ、
改質器から所定の質の改質ガスが得られる状態になった
ら前記固体高分子型燃料電池の燃料極に改質ガスを流し
てその排出ガスを前記熱エネルギを得るガスバーナで燃
焼させつつ徐々に前記電気負荷を増大させ、燃料電池が
ほぼ定格安定出力状態に達したら燃料極からの排出ガス
の流れを改質器の加熱バーナ側に切替える機構を有して
いることを特徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池の起動装置
である。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there are provided a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having a reformer, an electric load connected to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and a combustible gas generated in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. It has a gas burner that burns to obtain heat energy and a burner for heating the reformer, and the heat energy is maintained until the function of the reformer becomes stable after the solid polymer fuel cell is started. Combusting the reformed gas with the obtained gas burner,
When a reformed gas of a predetermined quality is obtained from the reformer, the reformed gas is caused to flow through the fuel electrode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and the exhaust gas is gradually burned while being burned by the gas burner for obtaining the thermal energy. In addition, when the electric load is increased and the fuel cell almost reaches the rated stable output state, it has a mechanism for switching the flow of exhaust gas from the fuel electrode to the heating burner side of the reformer. It is a starting device for a molecular fuel cell.
【０００８】請求項３記載の発明は、請求項２に記載の
固体高分子型燃料電池の電気負荷を増大させる機構が、
該固体高分子型燃料電池の出力電圧を一定以上の電圧に
保ちながら電流を増大させていく電気負荷制御装置であ
ることを特徴とするものである。According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mechanism for increasing the electric load of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to the second aspect,
The electric load control device is characterized in that it is an electric load control device for increasing the current while keeping the output voltage of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell at a voltage above a certain level.
【０００９】請求項４記載の発明は、請求項２に記載の
固体高分子型燃料電池の電気負荷を増大させる機構が、
該固体高分子型燃料電池の温度と出力電圧との関係とし
てあらかじめ求められた規則に従って電流を増大させて
いく電気負荷制御装置であることを特徴とするものであ
る。According to a fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a mechanism for increasing the electric load of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to the second aspect,
The present invention is characterized in that the electric load control device increases the current in accordance with a rule previously obtained as a relation between the temperature and the output voltage of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
【００１０】請求項５記載の発明は、請求項２乃至４の
いずれかに記載の電気負荷が、該固体高分子型燃料電池
の外の電力系統にインバータを介して連系された負荷で
あることをあることを特徴とするものである。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the electric load according to any one of the second to fourth aspects is a load connected to an electric power system outside the polymer electrolyte fuel cell via an inverter. It is characterized by the fact that it is.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を、ポリマ・エレク
トロライト・フューエル・セル等の固体高分子型燃料電
池（以下燃料電池という）が、家庭用小型電源用の発電
システムＧＳ等に使用された固体高分子型燃料電池シス
テムの実施形態を示す図面に従って説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be applied to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell such as a polymer electrolight fuel cell (hereinafter referred to as a fuel cell) in a power generation system GS for a small household power source. An embodiment of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system will be described with reference to the drawings.
【００１２】図１において、符号１００は建家を示して
おり、この建家１００には低圧電灯線１０１、電力量計
１０２、および分電盤１０３を経て、商用電源から電力
が供給されている。この商用電源の電力は、細線で示し
た第１のケーブル１０４を経て、エアコン１０５、その
他の電気機器に供給されている。この実施形態の固体高
分子型燃料電池システムは、後述するように燃料電池６
を用いた発電システムＧＳのほかに熱回収装置ＲＤを含
んでいる。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 100 indicates a building, and the building 100 is supplied with electric power from a commercial power source via a low-voltage light line 101, a watt hour meter 102, and a distribution board 103. . The electric power of the commercial power source is supplied to the air conditioner 105 and other electric devices via the first cable 104 shown by a thin line. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell system of this embodiment has a fuel cell 6 as will be described later.
In addition to the power generation system GS using the heat recovery device RD.
【００１３】燃料電池６で発電された電力は、ＤＣ／Ｄ
Ｃコンバータ１０７を経て、１８０Ｖにまで昇圧され、
系統連系インバータ１０８に送られ、分電盤１０３を経
て、図１に太線で示した第２のケーブル１１０を通じ
て、照明１１１、テレビジョン１０６等の電気機器に供
給されている。この燃料電池発電システムＧＳは、系統
連系インバータ１０８を介して商用電源に接続されてい
る。The electric power generated by the fuel cell 6 is DC / D
Via C converter 107, boosted to 180V,
It is sent to the grid interconnection inverter 108, and is supplied to electrical equipment such as the illumination 111 and the television 106 through the distribution board 103 and the second cable 110 shown by the thick line in FIG. The fuel cell power generation system GS is connected to a commercial power source via a grid interconnection inverter 108.
【００１４】熱回収装置ＲＤは、貯湯タンク５０、熱交
換器３２、４６、、ポンプ３３、４７、とを備えた水の
循環路等で連結されている。The heat recovery device RD is connected by a water circulation path including a hot water storage tank 50, heat exchangers 32 and 46, and pumps 33 and 47.
【００１５】このような燃料電池６を用いた固体高分子
型燃料電池システムでは、貯湯タンク５０に接続された
水供給管６１を通じて、貯湯タンク５０内に市水が供給
される。この貯湯タンク５０に供給された市水を、例え
ば、燃料電池６による発電の過程で発生する熱や、固体
高分子型燃料電池システムで生じるガスを燃焼して発生
する熱等、得られた熱エネルギや排熱を回収して水を加
熱し、昇温された温水を貯湯タンク５０に蓄え、給湯管
６２を経て、風呂１１３や台所１１４等に供給する等、
燃料電池６に使用される燃料が持つエネルギの有効利用
を図っている。In the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system using such a fuel cell 6, city water is supplied into the hot water storage tank 50 through a water supply pipe 61 connected to the hot water storage tank 50. Obtained heat such as heat generated in the process of power generation by the fuel cell 6 or heat generated by burning gas generated in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system for the city water supplied to the hot water storage tank 50. Energy and exhaust heat are recovered to heat water, the heated hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 50, supplied to the bath 113, the kitchen 114, etc. via the hot water supply pipe 62,
The energy of the fuel used in the fuel cell 6 is effectively used.
【００１６】図２はこのような本発明の固体高分子型燃
料電池システムの実施形態を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a view showing an embodiment of such a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system of the present invention.
【００１７】図２において、上記の燃料電池６の燃料ガ
ス供給は、天然ガス、都市ガス、メタノール、ＬＰＧ、
ブタン等の原燃料が燃料管１を経て脱硫器２に供給さ
れ、ここで原燃料から硫黄成分が除去される。この脱硫
器２を経た原燃料は、昇圧ポンプ１０で昇圧して改質器
３に供給される。In FIG. 2, the fuel gas supply of the fuel cell 6 is as follows: natural gas, city gas, methanol, LPG,
Raw fuel such as butane is supplied to the desulfurizer 2 through the fuel pipe 1, where the sulfur component is removed from the raw fuel. The raw fuel that has passed through the desulfurizer 2 is pressurized by the booster pump 10 and supplied to the reformer 3.
【００１８】改質器３における化学反応は吸熱反応であ
るので、加熱しながら化学反応を継続させるためのバー
ナ１２を有し、ここには燃料管１３を介して燃料が供給
され、ファン１４を介して供給された燃焼空気によって
燃焼が行われる。１５は、燃料極６ａを経た未反応水素
が供給される管路である。Since the chemical reaction in the reformer 3 is an endothermic reaction, it has a burner 12 for continuing the chemical reaction while heating, to which fuel is supplied via a fuel pipe 13 and a fan 14 is connected. Combustion is performed by the combustion air supplied via the above. Reference numeral 15 is a pipe line to which unreacted hydrogen is supplied via the fuel electrode 6a.
【００１９】又、改質器３の排気系３１には、熱交換器
１７が接続され、水タンク２１の水が、ポンプ２２を介
して供給されると、この熱交換器１７で水蒸気化する。
この水蒸気は、脱硫器２、ポンプ１０を通った原燃料と
混合して改質器３に供給される。The heat exchanger 17 is connected to the exhaust system 31 of the reformer 3, and when the water in the water tank 21 is supplied via the pump 22, the heat exchanger 17 vaporizes the water. .
This steam is mixed with the raw fuel that has passed through the desulfurizer 2 and the pump 10 and supplied to the reformer 3.
【００２０】この改質器３に供給された原燃料は、ここ
で化学反応をし、水素、二酸化炭素及び一酸化炭素を含
む改質ガスが生成される。この改質ガスは、ＣＯ変成器
４に供給され、ここでは燃料ガスに含まれる一酸化炭素
が二酸化炭素に変成される。このＣＯ変成器４を経たガ
スは、ＣＯ除去器５に供給され、ここではＣＯ変成器４
を経たガス中の未変成の一酸化炭素が酸化されて二酸化
炭素になる。ＣＯ除去器５を経て、一酸化炭素濃度が１
０ｐｐｍ以下に低減された水素濃度の高いガス（改質ガ
ス）が、固体高分子型の燃料電池６の燃料極６ａに供給
される。The raw fuel supplied to the reformer 3 undergoes a chemical reaction here to produce a reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. This reformed gas is supplied to the CO shift converter 4, where carbon monoxide contained in the fuel gas is transformed into carbon dioxide. The gas that has passed through the CO shift converter 4 is supplied to the CO remover 5, and here, the CO shift converter 4
The unmodified carbon monoxide in the gas that has passed through is oxidized to carbon dioxide. After passing through the CO remover 5, the carbon monoxide concentration becomes 1
The gas having a high hydrogen concentration (reformed gas) reduced to 0 ppm or less is supplied to the fuel electrode 6a of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 6.
【００２１】このとき、水タンク２１から改質器３に供
給される処理水の量を調節することによって改質ガスへ
の水分の添加量が調整される。例えば、熱交換器１７を
経て改質器３に供給される水蒸気の量と原燃料ガスの量
との比（Ｓ／Ｃ比）を、従来のＳ／Ｃ比である２乃至３
の値よりも高めの値、例えば、３乃至４のＳ／Ｃ比とな
るように設定すれば、改質器３を出た改質ガスに含まれ
る水分量を増大させることができる。At this time, the amount of water added to the reformed gas is adjusted by adjusting the amount of treated water supplied from the water tank 21 to the reformer 3. For example, the ratio of the amount of steam supplied to the reformer 3 via the heat exchanger 17 to the amount of raw fuel gas (S / C ratio) is 2 to 3 which is the conventional S / C ratio.
If the S / C ratio is set to a value higher than the above value, for example, the amount of water contained in the reformed gas discharged from the reformer 3 can be increased.
【００２２】ＣＯ変成器４及びＣＯ除去器５を経る間に
改質ガスから水分が多く失われないように、ＣＯ除去器
５を出た改質ガスを直接に燃料電池６に供給するように
してもよいが、高温のままの改質ガスが流入し、燃料電
池６が高温になり過ぎて電池構成材料の機能が低下した
り、電池の固体高分子膜を損傷するおそれがあるとき
は、ＣＯ除去器５と燃料電池６との間の管路６４に熱交
換器（図示せず）を設け、この熱交換器に水タンク２１
の水を流す等して改質ガスと熱交換させ改質ガスの温度
調節をする。The reformed gas discharged from the CO remover 5 is directly supplied to the fuel cell 6 so that a large amount of water is not lost from the reformed gas while passing through the CO shift converter 4 and the CO remover 5. However, when the reformed gas at a high temperature flows in and the fuel cell 6 becomes too hot and the function of the cell constituent material is deteriorated or the solid polymer membrane of the cell is damaged, A heat exchanger (not shown) is provided in the pipe 64 between the CO remover 5 and the fuel cell 6, and the water tank 21 is provided in this heat exchanger.
The temperature of the reformed gas is adjusted by exchanging heat with the reformed gas by flowing water.
【００２３】Ｓ／Ｃ比を高めにすると、改質ガス加湿の
ための独立した加湿装置を特別に付設しないでも、燃料
電池の燃料極６ａに供給される改質ガスに適度の水分を
与えることができる。When the S / C ratio is increased, a proper amount of moisture is given to the reformed gas supplied to the fuel electrode 6a of the fuel cell, even if an independent humidifying device for humidifying the reformed gas is not additionally provided. You can
【００２４】発電システムＧＳの起動時には、上述のよ
うに、バーナ１２に、原燃料と燃焼空気が供給されて燃
焼が行われ、起動後に、燃料電池６の作動温度が安定し
たときには、燃料管１３からの燃料の供給が断たれ、代
わりに管路１５を介して、燃料極６ａから排出される未
反応水素ガス（オフガス）が燃料として供給されてバー
ナ１２の燃焼が継続される。When the power generation system GS is started, as described above, the raw fuel and the combustion air are supplied to the burner 12 for combustion, and when the operating temperature of the fuel cell 6 is stable after the start, the fuel pipe 13 The supply of fuel from the fuel cell is cut off, and instead, unreacted hydrogen gas (off gas) discharged from the fuel electrode 6a is supplied as fuel via the pipe 15, and combustion of the burner 12 is continued.
【００２５】ＣＯ変成器４、ＣＯ除去器５で行われる化
学反応は発熱反応であるので、例えばＣＯ除去器５で
は、システム起動時のみバーナ（図示せず）を燃焼させ
て燃焼ガスを発生させ、このとき発生した燃焼ガスの熱
でＣＯ除去器５の温度を反応温度まで上昇させる。Since the chemical reaction performed in the CO shift converter 4 and the CO remover 5 is an exothermic reaction, for example, in the CO remover 5, a burner (not shown) is burned only when the system is started to generate combustion gas. The temperature of the CO remover 5 is raised to the reaction temperature by the heat of the combustion gas generated at this time.
【００２６】その後は、自らの発熱反応の熱により反応
温度が維持される。外部からは、必要に応じてＣＯ変成
器４及びＣＯ除去器５が反応温度以上に昇温しないよう
に冷却制御が行われる。After that, the reaction temperature is maintained by the heat of the exothermic reaction of itself. Cooling control is performed from the outside as necessary so that the CO shift converter 4 and the CO remover 5 do not rise above the reaction temperature.
【００２７】空気極６ｋへの反応空気の供給は、空気ポ
ンプ１１から水タンク２１に、空気を供給し、水タンク
２１内の水中に反応空気を泡立てつつ気相部５３に送出
することによって加湿が行われ、燃料電池６における反
応が適度に維持されるように水分を与えられ反応空気が
管路２５を経て燃料電池の空気極６ｋに供給される。The reaction air is supplied to the air electrode 6k by supplying air from the air pump 11 to the water tank 21 and sending the air to the gas phase portion 53 while bubbling the reaction air into the water in the water tank 21. Is performed, and the reaction air is supplied with water so that the reaction in the fuel cell 6 is appropriately maintained, and the reaction air is supplied to the air electrode 6k of the fuel cell through the conduit 25.
【００２８】燃料電池６では、燃料極６ａに供給された
改質ガス中の水素と、空気ポンプ１１、水タンクの気相
部５３を経て、空気極６ｋに供給された空気中の酸素と
の電気化学反応によって発電が行われる一方、この電気
化学反応時の活性化過電圧、濃度過電圧、抵抗過電圧に
より電池自体が反応熱を発生する。In the fuel cell 6, the hydrogen contained in the reformed gas supplied to the fuel electrode 6a and the oxygen contained in the air supplied to the air electrode 6k via the air pump 11 and the gas phase portion 53 of the water tank. While electricity is generated by the electrochemical reaction, the battery itself generates reaction heat due to the activation overvoltage, the concentration overvoltage, and the resistance overvoltage during the electrochemical reaction.
【００２９】燃料電池６の冷却部６ｃは、燃料電池が定
常運転状態に移行した後に、電池自体の反応熱等で燃料
電池６が過熱しないようにするために、燃料電池６の電
極６ａ、６ｋに並置された冷却装置であり、冷却部６ｃ
にポンプ４８で水タンク２１の水を冷却水として循環さ
せ、この冷却水で、燃料電池６内の温度が、発電に適し
た温度、例えば、７０℃〜８０℃の温度に保たれるよう
に冷却制御している。The cooling unit 6c of the fuel cell 6 has electrodes 6a, 6k of the fuel cell 6 in order to prevent the fuel cell 6 from overheating due to reaction heat of the cell itself after the fuel cell shifts to a steady operation state. Is a cooling device juxtaposed with each other, and the cooling unit 6c
The water in the water tank 21 is circulated as cooling water by the pump 48 so that the temperature in the fuel cell 6 can be maintained at a temperature suitable for power generation, for example, 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. with this cooling water. Cooling is controlled.
【００３０】改質器３とＣＯ変成器４との間、ＣＯ変成
器４とＣＯ除去器５との間には、それぞれ熱交換器１
８、１９が接続され、各熱交換器１８、１９には水タン
ク２１から、ポンプ２３、２４を介して水が循環され、
改質器３、ＣＯ変成器４を経たガスがそれぞれ冷却され
る。A heat exchanger 1 is provided between the reformer 3 and the CO shift converter 4, and between the CO shifter 4 and the CO remover 5, respectively.
8 and 19 are connected, and water is circulated from the water tank 21 to the heat exchangers 18 and 19 via the pumps 23 and 24,
The gas that has passed through the reformer 3 and the CO shift converter 4 is cooled.
【００３１】このようにして改質器３、ＣＯ変成器４、
ＣＯ除去器５及び燃料電池６では、所定の化学反応と発
電が継続される。In this way, the reformer 3, the CO shifter 4,
In the CO remover 5 and the fuel cell 6, a predetermined chemical reaction and power generation are continued.
【００３２】次に固体高分子型燃料電池システムに用い
られる固体高分子型燃料電池の起動制御について説明を
する。Next, the starting control of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell used in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system will be described.
【００３３】上述のように、固体高分子型燃料電池シス
テムの起動時には、改質器３、ＣＯ変成器４、ＣＯ除去
器５を経た改質ガスの組成が安定していないので、組成
が安定するまでは、このガスを燃料電池６に供給するこ
とができない。そこで、改質器３、ＣＯ変成器４、ＣＯ
除去器５の各反応器の温度が安定するまでは、不安定な
ガス組成状態にある改質ガスを、管路３５、開閉弁３６
経由でＰＧバーナ３４に導いて燃焼させる。その後、各
反応器の作動が安定した後に、改質ガスを燃料電池６に
導入して発電を開始する。As described above, at the time of starting the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system, the composition of the reformed gas that has passed through the reformer 3, the CO shift converter 4, and the CO remover 5 is not stable, so that the composition is stable. Until then, this gas cannot be supplied to the fuel cell 6. Therefore, the reformer 3, the CO converter 4, the CO
Until the temperature of each reactor of the remover 5 becomes stable, the reformed gas in an unstable gas composition state is fed through the pipe 35 and the on-off valve 36.
It is led to the PG burner 34 via the route and burned. Then, after the operation of each reactor is stabilized, the reformed gas is introduced into the fuel cell 6 to start power generation.
【００３４】改質ガスの導入によって、発電を開始した
燃料電池は直ちに定格安定出力状態になる訳ではない。
燃料電池の温度が低い中は、発電の出力も僅かである。
起動時に燃料電池６で発電に使用されなかった未反応ガ
スは、管路３８、開閉弁３９経由でＰＧバーナ３４に導
いて燃焼させ、燃料電池６の温度が作動温度（例えば、
７０℃〜８０℃）近くで安定し、定格出力状態に達した
後は、燃料極６ａから排出される未反応ガスの流れを切
替えて、管路１５経由、改質器３のバーナ１２に導入し
てここで燃焼させるように切替え制御される。The introduction of the reformed gas does not immediately bring the fuel cell, which has started power generation, to the rated stable output state.
The output of power generation is small while the temperature of the fuel cell is low.
The unreacted gas not used for power generation in the fuel cell 6 at the time of start-up is guided to the PG burner 34 via the pipe 38 and the opening / closing valve 39 to be burned, and the temperature of the fuel cell 6 becomes the operating temperature (for example,
70 ° C. to 80 ° C.) and after reaching the rated output state, the flow of the unreacted gas discharged from the fuel electrode 6a is switched and introduced into the burner 12 of the reformer 3 via the pipe line 15. Then, switching control is performed so that the fuel is burned here.
【００３５】この改質ガスの切替制御は、制御装置９５
によって行われる。制御装置９５は、固体高分子型燃料
電池システムの起動後、上記の各反応器が温度的に安定
するまでは、開閉弁９１を閉じ、開閉弁３６を開くよう
に作動する。これによって、不安定な組成の改質ガスは
管路３５および開閉弁３６を通じてＰＧバーナ３４に供
給されて燃焼し、その熱は熱交換器を循環する水によっ
て、貯湯タンク５０に回収される。The switching control of the reformed gas is performed by the controller 95.
Done by After activation of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system, the control device 95 operates to close the on-off valve 91 and open the on-off valve 36 until the above reactors are stabilized in temperature. As a result, the reformed gas having an unstable composition is supplied to the PG burner 34 through the pipe 35 and the on-off valve 36 and burned, and the heat is recovered in the hot water storage tank 50 by the water circulating in the heat exchanger.
【００３６】各反応器が温度的に安定した場合、制御装
置９５は、開閉弁９１、３９を開き、燃料極６ａに改質
ガスを導き入れると共に、開閉弁３６、９２を閉じる。
改質ガスの流れは、管路３５から管路３８に切替わる
が、管路３８の時と同様にＰＧバーナ３４に供給され、
燃料電池６の温度が安定するまで、ここで燃焼が続けら
れる。When the temperature of each reactor is stable, the controller 95 opens the on-off valves 91 and 39, introduces the reformed gas into the fuel electrode 6a, and closes the on-off valves 36 and 92.
The flow of the reformed gas is switched from the pipe line 35 to the pipe line 38, but is supplied to the PG burner 34 as in the case of the pipe line 38.
Combustion is continued here until the temperature of the fuel cell 6 stabilizes.
【００３７】この過程において、制御装置９５は、電池
の温度をセンサ１１５によって監視しながら、そのとき
の電池温度に応じて取出し電流値を増やす形で、燃料電
池に対する電気負荷を徐々に増大させる。In this process, the controller 95 gradually increases the electric load on the fuel cell by monitoring the battery temperature with the sensor 115 and increasing the extraction current value according to the battery temperature at that time.
【００３８】このような電気負荷の取り出しは、例え
ば、制御装置９５が、上述のようにして弁９１を開放し
て改質ガスを燃料極６ａに流し始め、その後に電池のオ
ープン電圧を確認したら直ちにオープン電圧からインバ
ータ１０８を介した電力系統への連携の形で行われる。To take out such an electric load, for example, when the control device 95 opens the valve 91 to start flowing the reformed gas to the fuel electrode 6a as described above and then confirms the open voltage of the battery. Immediately in the form of cooperation from the open voltage to the power system via the inverter 108.
【００３９】制御装置９５は、インバータ１０８を制御
することにより、電池に過大な負荷が掛かって、電池を
損傷しないようにしながら、電池ができるだけ早く定格
安定出力状態になるように、電池が定格安定出力状態の
最適温度に達するまでの間、徐々に電流を増やして負荷
を上げていく負荷昇温の制御を行う。The control device 95 controls the inverter 108 to prevent the battery from being overloaded and being damaged, and the battery to reach the rated stable output state as soon as possible while preventing the battery from being rated stable. Until the temperature reaches the optimum temperature in the output state, the load temperature is controlled to be gradually increased by increasing the current.
【００４０】制御装置９５による燃料電池の負荷昇温の
制御には、この他に燃料電池の出力電圧を一定の電圧
値、例えば、単位セル当たり０．６V以上の電圧に保つ
ように電池の電圧を監視しながら、その範囲で取れる最
大電流を得るように制御装置９５でインバータ１０８を
制御するものや、電池のオープン電圧を確認したら有る
一定の速度で負荷を０％から１００％まで機械的に増大
させるようにインバータ１０８を制御する方法、或い
は、あらかじめその固体高分子型燃料電池システムの燃
料電池の特性として得られたデータを基に発電開始直後
から燃料電池に印加する負荷の量を制御装置９５で制御
する方法などがある。In addition to the control of the temperature rise of the load of the fuel cell by the controller 95, in addition to this, the voltage of the cell is controlled so that the output voltage of the fuel cell is kept at a constant voltage value, for example, a voltage of 0.6 V or more per unit cell. That controls the inverter 108 by the control device 95 so as to obtain the maximum current that can be obtained within that range, and if the open voltage of the battery is confirmed, the load is mechanically changed from 0% to 100% at a certain speed. A method for controlling the inverter 108 so as to increase it, or a controller for controlling the amount of load applied to the fuel cell immediately after the start of power generation based on the data obtained as the characteristics of the fuel cell of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system in advance. There is a method of controlling with 95.
【００４１】これらは、いずれも、電池発電が開始され
てそのオープン電圧が確認されたら、発電能力が小さい
中から、電気負荷をかけ始め、制御装置９５により燃料
電池６を損傷しない範囲での最大負荷を燃料電池に与え
るような形で、電流を増大させ燃料電池６を自己反応熱
加熱によって、電池の温度をできるだけ早く定格安定出
力状態の温度に上げて、すみやかに固体高分子型燃料電
池の運転を定常運転状態に移行させるものであり、これ
により燃料電池を起動する際のエネルギ損失を極限まで
少なくすることができる。In any of these cases, when the battery power generation is started and the open voltage is confirmed, the maximum load is generated within a range where the electric power is started from the small power generation capacity and the control device 95 does not damage the fuel cell 6. In order to apply a load to the fuel cell, the current is increased and the fuel cell 6 is heated by self-reaction heat to raise the temperature of the cell to the temperature of the rated stable output state as soon as possible, and the solid polymer fuel cell This is to shift the operation to a steady operation state, whereby the energy loss when starting the fuel cell can be minimized.
【００４２】このような形の負荷印加の方法と制御によ
れば、電池の昇温のための加熱用の機器は必要でなくな
り、また、加熱用のエネルギが別途に必要とされるよう
な無駄もなく、直ちに電池に過大な負荷が掛かったり、
電池を損傷しないようにしつつ、燃料電池６を速やかに
定常運転状態に移行できるものである。According to the load applying method and control of such a form, a heating device for raising the temperature of the battery is not required, and the heating energy is not required separately. No, there is an excessive load on the battery immediately,
The fuel cell 6 can be rapidly shifted to a steady operation state without damaging the cell.
【００４３】燃料電池６の温度が安定し、連続して定格
発電が行われる（定格安定出力状態）ようになった後
は、改質ガスの大部は発電に使われ、得られた電力は上
述のようにＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ１０７経由で電気機器
などの負荷に供給される。After the temperature of the fuel cell 6 is stabilized and the rated power generation is continuously performed (the rated stable output state), most of the reformed gas is used for power generation, and the obtained power is obtained. As described above, it is supplied to a load such as an electric device via the DC / DC converter 107.
【００４４】このときのガスの流れは、開閉弁９１，９
２が開かれたまま、開閉弁３６，３９が閉じられて、燃
料電池６で電力に変換されなかった未反応ガス（オフガ
ス）は管路１５を経てバーナ１２に供給され、改質器３
の加熱に使われるように制御装置９５によって切替制御
される。The flow of gas at this time is based on the on-off valves 91, 9
The unreacted gas (off-gas) that has not been converted into electric power in the fuel cell 6 is supplied to the burner 12 through the pipe 15 while the open / close valves 36 and 39 are closed while the valve 2 is opened.
Switching control is performed by the control device 95 so as to be used for heating.
【００４５】尚、１１５は、この制御器９５に電池６の
温度情報を入力する温度センサである。Reference numeral 115 is a temperature sensor for inputting temperature information of the battery 6 to the controller 95.
【００４６】このようにして、制御装置９５は、固体高
分子型燃料電池６の起動後に前記改質器３から安定した
改質ガスが得られるまでは、ガスバーナ（ＰＧバーナ３
４）で不安定なガス組成の改質ガスを燃焼させて、この
バーナにつながれている熱負荷、例えば、貯湯タンク５
０などに熱エネルギを得るように制御するものである。In this way, the control device 95 controls the gas burner (PG burner 3 until the stable reformed gas is obtained from the reformer 3 after the solid polymer fuel cell 6 is started.
In step 4), the reformed gas having an unstable gas composition is burned, and the heat load connected to this burner, for example, the hot water storage tank 5
The control is performed so as to obtain heat energy such as 0.
【００４７】改質器３等の反応器から所定の質の改質ガ
スが得られる状態になったら前記固体高分子型燃料電池
の燃料極６ａに改質ガスを流してその排出ガスをガスバ
ーナ（ＰＧバーナ３４）で燃焼させつつ、徐々に電流を
増大させるなどして、前記燃料電池の電気負荷量を増大
させ、燃料電池６がほぼ定格安定出力状態に達したら燃
料極６ａからのオフガスの流れを改質器の加熱バーナ１
２側に切替えるような制御が制御装置９５によって行わ
れる。本発明の固体高分子型燃料電池の起動方法によれ
ば、発電が開始される前のエネルギは、温水に替えて利
用されるようにしつつ、速やかに固体高分子型燃料電池
を定常運転に移行させ、かつ、この電力及び燃料電池で
生じる熱や未利用の燃料ガス、改質ガスなどを熱負荷で
利用するので、燃料電池全体としてのエネルギの有効活
用が図られる。When a reformed gas of a predetermined quality is obtained from a reactor such as the reformer 3, the reformed gas is caused to flow through the fuel electrode 6a of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and the exhaust gas is used as a gas burner ( The electric load of the fuel cell is increased by gradually increasing the current while burning it in the PG burner 34), and when the fuel cell 6 almost reaches the rated stable output state, the flow of the off gas from the fuel electrode 6a. The reformer heating burner 1
The control device 95 controls the switching to the 2 side. According to the method for starting a polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention, the energy before the power generation is started is used instead of hot water, and the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is rapidly shifted to a steady operation. In addition, since the heat generated by the electric power and the fuel cell, the unused fuel gas, the reformed gas, and the like are used as a heat load, the energy of the fuel cell as a whole can be effectively utilized.
【００４８】また、燃料電池単独の発電効率ばかりでな
く、供給される燃料のエネルギの有効活用に結びついた
固体高分子型燃料電池システム等の形態を取りやすく、
発電と熱利用効果の大きいコージェネレーションシステ
ムを提供することができものである。In addition to the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell alone, it is easy to take the form of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system or the like, which is connected to the effective use of the energy of the supplied fuel,
It is possible to provide a cogeneration system that has a large effect on power generation and heat utilization.
【００４９】[0049]
【発明の効果】本発明では、固体高分子型燃料電池を組
み込んだ燃料電池システムにおいて、固体高分子型燃料
電池が改質器と、該燃料電池に接続される電気負荷と、
該燃料電池で生じる可燃ガスを燃焼させて熱エネルギを
得るガスバーナと、改質器の加熱用のバーナとを有し、
この固体高分子型燃料電池の起動後に前記改質器の機能
が安定するまでは前記熱エネルギを得るガスバーナで改
質ガスを燃焼させ、改質器から所定の質の改質ガスが得
られる状態になったら前記固体高分子型燃料電池の燃料
極に改質ガスを流してその排出ガスを前記熱エネルギを
得るガスバーナで燃焼させつつ徐々に燃料電池の電気負
荷を増大させ、燃料電池の温度がほぼ作動温度に安定し
たら燃料極からの排出ガスを改質器の加熱バーナに切替
えるようにして固体高分子型燃料電池を起動するように
したので、燃料電池起動に関する機器構成は極めて簡単
になる。According to the present invention, in a fuel cell system incorporating a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes a reformer, an electric load connected to the fuel cell,
A burner for burning the combustible gas generated in the fuel cell to obtain heat energy, and a burner for heating the reformer,
A state in which the reformed gas is burned by a gas burner that obtains the thermal energy until the function of the reformer becomes stable after the start of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and the reformed gas of a predetermined quality is obtained from the reformer. Then, the reformed gas is caused to flow through the fuel electrode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and the exhaust gas is burned by the gas burner for obtaining the thermal energy while gradually increasing the electric load of the fuel cell, and the temperature of the fuel cell is increased. Since the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell is started by switching the exhaust gas from the fuel electrode to the heating burner of the reformer when the temperature stabilizes at about the operating temperature, the device configuration for starting the fuel cell becomes extremely simple.
【００５０】また、起動時に燃料電池に過大な負荷をか
けて損傷を与えないようにしつつ、すみやかに固体高分
子型燃料電池の運転を定常運転状態に移行させるので、
燃料電池を起動する際のエネルギ損失を少なくすること
ができる。Further, the operation of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is promptly shifted to the steady operation state while preventing an excessive load from being applied to the fuel cell and damaging the fuel cell at the time of startup.
Energy loss when starting the fuel cell can be reduced.
【００５１】さらに、固体高分子型燃料電池システムの
中に有する給湯装置などの熱負荷で、固体高分子型燃料
電池の起動から定常運転に移行する間に発生する熱や不
安定な成分の改質ガスのエネルギを熱エネルギとして回
収するので、燃料電池を使用したシステム全体としての
総合エネルギ効率を高くした固体高分子型燃料電池シス
テムを提供することができる。Further, due to the heat load of the hot water supply device or the like in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system, the heat generated during the transition from the startup of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell to the steady operation and the unstable components are modified. Since the energy of the quality gas is recovered as heat energy, it is possible to provide a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system in which the overall energy efficiency of the entire system using the fuel cell is increased.
【図１】本発明による固体高分子型燃料電池システムを
家庭に設置した場合の系統図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram when a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system according to the present invention is installed in a home.
【図２】固体高分子型燃料電池システムの一実施形態を
示す回路図である。FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system.
３ 改質器 ６ 燃料電池 ６ａ 燃料極 １２，３４ バーナ １３、１５、３５、３８ 管路 ３６、３９、９１、９２ 開閉弁 ３２、４６ 熱交換器 ５０ 貯湯タンク ９５ 制御装置 １０７ ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータ １０８ 系統連系インバータ １１５ 温度センサ ＧＳ 発電システム ＲＤ 熱回収装置 3 reformer 6 Fuel cell 6a Fuel electrode 12,34 burners 13, 15, 35, 38 pipelines 36, 39, 91, 92 Open / close valve 32,46 heat exchanger 50 hot water storage tank 95 Control device 107 DC / DC converter 108 Grid-connected inverter 115 Temperature sensor GS power generation system RD heat recovery device
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 山本 聡史 大阪府守口市京阪本通２丁目５番５号 三洋電機株式会社内 (72)発明者 藤生 昭 大阪府守口市京阪本通２丁目５番５号 三洋電機株式会社内 (72)発明者 黄木 丈俊 大阪府守口市京阪本通２丁目５番５号 三洋電機株式会社内 (72)発明者 槇原 勝行 大阪府守口市京阪本通２丁目５番５号 三洋電機株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平８−162137（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) H01M 8/04 H01M 8/00 H01M 8/10 H01M 8/06 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Yamamoto 2-5-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Fujio 2-5-keihanmotodori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Sanyo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Taketoshi Koki 2-5-5 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture Sanyo Denki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Makihara 2-5 Keihan Hondori, Moriguchi City, Osaka Prefecture No. 5 within Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-8-162137 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) H01M 8/04 H01M 8/00 H01M 8 / 10 H01M 8/06
Claims (5)
と、該固体高分子型燃料電池に接続される電気負荷と、
固体高分子型燃料電池で生じる可燃ガスを燃焼させて熱
エネルギを得るガスバーナと、改質器の加熱用のバーナ
とを有した固体高分子型燃料電池システムにおいて、該
システム起動後に前記改質器の機能が安定するまでは前
記熱エネルギを得るガスバーナで改質ガスを燃焼させ、
改質器から所定の質の改質ガスが得られる状態になった
ら前記固体高分子型燃料電池の燃料極に改質ガスを流し
てその排出ガスを前記熱エネルギを得るガスバーナで燃
焼させつつ徐々に前記電気負荷を増大させ、燃料電池の
温度が作動温度にほぼ安定したら燃料極からの排出ガス
を改質器の加熱バーナで燃焼させるようにしたことを特
徴とする固体高分子型燃料電池の起動方法。1. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell having a reformer, and an electric load connected to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell,
In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system having a gas burner for obtaining heat energy by burning a combustible gas produced in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and a burner for heating a reformer, the reformer after the system is started. Until the function of is stabilized, burn the reformed gas with a gas burner that obtains the heat energy,
When a reformed gas of a predetermined quality is obtained from the reformer, the reformed gas is caused to flow through the fuel electrode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and the exhaust gas is gradually burned while being burned by the gas burner for obtaining the thermal energy. Of the solid polymer fuel cell, wherein the electric load is increased and the exhaust gas from the fuel electrode is burned by the heating burner of the reformer when the temperature of the fuel cell is substantially stabilized at the operating temperature. starting method.
と、該固体高分子型燃料電池に接続される電気負荷と、
固体高分子型燃料電池で生じる可燃ガスを燃焼させて熱
エネルギを得るガスバーナと、改質器の加熱用のバーナ
とを有し、かつ、該固体高分子型燃料電池の起動後に前
記改質器の機能が安定するまでは前記熱エネルギを得る
ガスバーナで改質ガスを燃焼させ、改質器から所定の質
の改質ガスが得られる状態になったら前記固体高分子型
燃料電池の燃料極に改質ガスを流してその排出ガスを前
記熱エネルギを得るガスバーナで燃焼させつつ徐々に前
記電気負荷を増大させ、燃料電池がほぼ定格安定出力状
態に達したら燃料極からの排出ガスの流れを改質器の加
熱バーナ側に切替える機構を有していることを特徴とす
る固体高分子型燃料電池の起動装置。2. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell having a reformer, and an electric load connected to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell,
A reformer having a gas burner for obtaining heat energy by burning a combustible gas generated in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and a burner for heating the reformer, and the reformer after starting the polymer electrolyte fuel cell Until the function of is stabilized, the reformed gas is burned by the gas burner for obtaining the thermal energy, and when the reformed gas of a predetermined quality is obtained from the reformer, the fuel electrode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is The reformed gas is made to flow, and the exhaust gas is burned by the gas burner that obtains the thermal energy while gradually increasing the electric load, and when the fuel cell almost reaches the rated stable output state, the flow of the exhaust gas from the fuel electrode is modified. A starting device for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which has a mechanism for switching to a heating burner side of a quality device.
ガスを流してその排出ガスを前記熱エネルギを得るガス
バーナで燃焼させつつ徐々に燃料電池の電気負荷を増大
させる機構が、該固体高分子型燃料電池の出力電圧を一
定以上の電圧に保ちながら電流を増大させていく電気負
荷制御装置であることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の固
体高分子型燃料電池の起動装置。3. A mechanism for gradually increasing an electric load of a fuel cell while flowing a reformed gas through a fuel electrode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell and burning the exhaust gas with a gas burner for obtaining the thermal energy. The starting device for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 2, which is an electric load control device for increasing the current while keeping the output voltage of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell at a voltage higher than a certain level.
ガスを流してその排出ガスを前記熱エネルギを得るガス
バーナで燃焼させつつ徐々に燃料電池の電気負荷を増大
させる機構が、該固体高分子型燃料電池の温度と出力電
圧との関係としてあらかじめ求められた規則に従って電
流を増大させていく電気負荷制御装置であることを特徴
とする請求項２に記載の固体高分子型燃料電池の起動装
置。4. A mechanism for gradually increasing an electric load of a fuel cell while flowing a reformed gas through a fuel electrode of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell and burning the exhaust gas with a gas burner for obtaining the thermal energy. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is an electric load control device that increases an electric current according to a rule previously determined as a relationship between the temperature and the output voltage of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. Activation device.
気負荷が、該固体高分子型燃料電池の外の電力系統にイ
ンバータを介して連系された負荷であることをあること
を特徴とする請求項２乃至４のいずれかに記載の固体高
分子型燃料電池の起動装置。5. The electric load connected to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is a load connected to an electric power system outside the polymer electrolyte fuel cell via an inverter. The starting device for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to any one of claims 2 to 4.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000106455A JP3530458B2 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2000-04-07 | Method and apparatus for starting polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000106455A JP3530458B2 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2000-04-07 | Method and apparatus for starting polymer electrolyte fuel cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
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| JP3530458B2 true JP3530458B2 (en) | 2004-05-24 |
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| ATE504097T1 (en) | 2001-01-12 | 2011-04-15 | Eneos Celltech Co Ltd | SOLID HIGH POLYMER FUEL CELL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM |
| JP4176354B2 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2008-11-05 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Fuel and water supply control device, fuel and water supply control method, and power supply system |
| JP4595297B2 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2010-12-08 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| US7108054B2 (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2006-09-19 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Heat exchanger |
| KR100723390B1 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2007-05-30 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Hydrogen generator having double burners and method of operating the same |
| JP5427013B2 (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2014-02-26 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Cogeneration system |
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