JP3484402B2 - Method and apparatus for promoting removal of plant growth inhibitor - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for promoting removal of plant growth inhibitor

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Publication number
JP3484402B2
JP3484402B2 JP2000238658A JP2000238658A JP3484402B2 JP 3484402 B2 JP3484402 B2 JP 3484402B2 JP 2000238658 A JP2000238658 A JP 2000238658A JP 2000238658 A JP2000238658 A JP 2000238658A JP 3484402 B2 JP3484402 B2 JP 3484402B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
alkaline solution
plant growth
removal
inhibitor
growth inhibitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP2000238658A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2002051635A (en
Inventor
清司 吉田
文夫 廣瀬
一臣 門屋
孝昭 石井
豊紀 重見
Original Assignee
株式会社鴻池組
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  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は樹木、とくにヒノキ
に含まれる阻害物質の除去促進方法および装置に関す
る。さらに詳しくは、従来、主に広葉樹が利用されてい
る木質系土壌改良材やキノコ類の菌庄分野へのヒノキ間
伐材の利用を可能にする方法および装置に関するもので
ある。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for promoting removal of an inhibitor contained in trees, especially cypress. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and a device that enable the use of hinoki cypress thinning materials in the field of wood-based soil improvement materials, in which hardwoods are mainly used, and fungal fields of mushrooms.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】森林の役割はいうまでもなく、我々人間
にとって経済的な側面以上に、様々な災害に対する防止
や、最近では地球環境の観点から益々重要視されてい
る。しかしながら、スギやヒノキの人工林では宿命的に
間伐材が副次的に生産され、それらを経済的に有効利用
する方法が未だ確立されていないため、森林内に放置さ
れ廃棄物としての処理を余儀なくされている。今後、大
量の間伐材の発生が予想されており、その有効な利用方
法の開発が早急に求められている。
2. Description of the Related Art Needless to say, the role of forests is more and more important from the viewpoint of prevention of various disasters, and recently from the viewpoint of the global environment, beyond the economic aspect for us human beings. However, thinned timber is destined to be produced as a byproduct in artificial forests of sugi and cypress, and there is no established method to use them effectively economically, so it is left in the forest and treated as waste. Is forced. It is expected that a large amount of thinned wood will occur in the future, and there is an urgent need for the development of an effective method for utilizing it.

【0003】最近、化学肥料多投による土壌の劣化が問
題になっており、その改善方法として木質系有機物施用
の必要性が唱えられている。我が国では稲わらなどが不
足していることもあり、樹木などのオガ粉や樹皮を積極
的に利用する方法が考えられている。
Recently, deterioration of soil due to a large amount of throwing chemical fertilizers has become a problem, and the necessity of applying woody organic matter has been advocated as a method for improving it. There is a shortage of rice straw and the like in Japan, and a method of actively using the bark of trees such as trees and bark is being considered.

【0004】しかし、この目的に用いられる樹種(樹木
の種類)には限界があり、一般にクヌギや力シなどの広
葉樹が多く用いられるのに対し、針葉樹、とくに、ヒノ
キの使用については、夕ンニンやフェノール物質の植物
生育阻害物質などを多く含むため、使用不適とされ、ま
た、阻害物質の有効な除去方法の確立がなされていない
ため、利用例はほとんどないのが現状である。
However, there is a limit to the type of tree (type of tree) used for this purpose, and in general, broad-leaved trees such as Kunugi and Rikishi are generally used, whereas coniferous trees, especially cypress, are used. Since it contains a large amount of plant growth inhibitory substances such as phenolic substances and phenolic substances, it is unsuitable for use, and an effective method for removing the inhibitory substances has not been established.

【0005】また、近年、キノコ類栽培において山村地
域の過疎化によって後継者難や労働力不足により、原木
栽培に代わって、菌庄栽培による生産が増加する傾向に
あり、これまで利用されてきた広葉樹オガ粉の不足が懸
念され、これまで利用されていなかった樹種の利用方法
の開発が求められている。一般に、木質系有機物を土壌
改良材や生ゴミなど、他の有機物と混合して堆肥として
利用する場合、一旦、屋外に1〜2年間程度の長期にわ
たって野積みにし、雨水や日光の自然作用によって、阻
害物質を流亡させたり、変質させるなど、阻害物質の毒
性を緩和する方法が採られている。
[0005] In recent years, due to depopulation of the mountain village area in mushroom cultivation, shortage of successors and labor shortage, production by fungal cultivation has tended to increase instead of raw wood cultivation, and has been used until now. There is a concern that there will be a shortage of hardwood ogre powder, and it is necessary to develop a method of using tree species that have not been used until now. Generally, when woody organic matter is mixed with other organic matter such as soil conditioners and raw garbage to be used as compost, it is left open in the open for a long period of about 1 to 2 years, and the natural action of rainwater or sunlight causes , Methods of mitigating the toxicity of the inhibitor, such as expulsion or alteration of the inhibitor, have been adopted.

【0006】また、エノキなどの菌庄材料として利用さ
れる広葉樹オガ粉は、一般に、オガ粉に散水して菌糸の
生育に障害となる物質を除去する方法が取られている。
しかし、針葉樹、とくに、ヒノキについては、水抽出で
は阻害物質の除去が充分に行なわれないため、これを培
養基材として用いた菌糸の成長が小さく、商品としての
価値がないため、利用されていないのが現状である。こ
の様に、前述したヒノキの有効利用を図るためには阻害
物質の除去が必要であり、このための技術創出が求めら
れている。
[0006] In addition, the hardwood ogre flour used as a fungal material for enoki and the like is generally treated by sprinkling water on the ogre flour to remove substances that impede mycelial growth.
However, coniferous trees, especially cypress, are not used as an inhibitor because the water extraction does not sufficiently remove the inhibitory substances, and the growth of mycelia using this as a culture substrate is small and is not valuable as a product. The current situation is that there are none. As described above, in order to effectively utilize the above-mentioned cypress, it is necessary to remove the inhibitory substance, and it is required to create a technology for this purpose.

【0007】[0007]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記植物生育阻害物質
の除去については、「カラタチおよびイネの生長に及ぼ
すスギならびにヒノキ材中の生育阻害物質について」
(石井孝昭、門屋一臣共著J.Japan.Soc.H
ort.Sci.,62,2,285・294,199
3.2)に報告されているように、温水あるいはアルカ
リによってヒノキに含まれる植物生育阻害物質を除去で
きることが知られている。発明者らはこの報告を基にヒ
ノキ間伐材を木質系有機物やエノキ菌圧材料として工業
的に有効利用できる方法を確立するため、アルカリ液に
よるヒノキの阻害物質除去方法を検討した。その結果、
ヒノキオガ粉に一定濃度のアルカリ液を作用させてもヒ
ノキに含まれる阻害物質が酸性を示すため、アルカリ液
が徐々に酸性側に移行し、持続安定したヒノキの有効な
阻害物質の抽出ができない問題のあることが判明した。
Regarding the removal of the above-mentioned plant growth-inhibiting substances, "Regarding the growth-inhibiting substances in Japanese cedar and cypress, which affect the growth of keratin and rice"
(Co-authored by Takaaki Ishii and Kazuomi Kadoya, J. Japan. Soc. H
ort. Sci. , 62, 2, 285 ・ 294, 199
As reported in 3.2), it is known that the plant growth inhibitor contained in cypress can be removed by hot water or alkali. Based on this report, the inventors have studied a method for removing hinoki cypress inhibitor substances with an alkaline solution in order to establish a method for industrially effectively utilizing cypress thinned wood as a wood-based organic matter or enoki bacteria pressure material. as a result,
Even if a certain concentration of alkaline solution is applied to the hinoki cypress powder, the inhibitor contained in the cypress is acidic, so the alkaline solution gradually shifts to the acidic side, and it is not possible to extract an effective and stable inhibitor of hinoki. It turned out that there is.

【0008】また、工業的に応用するときに、抽出阻害
物質濃度の簡便な測定方法が確立されていないため、実
際の利用に当たって、製品オガ粉の品質管理ができない
などの問題のあることも判明した。
[0008] In addition, when industrially applied, since a simple method for measuring the concentration of the extraction inhibitor has not been established, it has been found that there is a problem that the quality control of the product ogre powder cannot be performed in actual use. did.

【0009】本発明はかかる問題を解消するためになさ
れたものであり、一定濃度のアルカリ液を自動的に調製
する装置によって、一定濃度のアルカリ液をヒノキオガ
粉に連続して作用せしめ、ヒノキオガ粉から阻害物質の
溶出を促進する方法およびオガ粉からの阻害物質除去量
を定量的に管理するための方法を提供することを目的と
する。
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems. An apparatus for automatically preparing an alkaline solution of a constant concentration causes an alkaline solution of a constant concentration to act continuously on a hinoki oga flour to give a hinoki oga flour. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for accelerating the elution of an inhibitor from sucrose and a method for quantitatively controlling the amount of an inhibitor removed from ogre flour.

【0010】[0010]

【課題を解決しようとする手段】本発明の植物生育阻害
物質の除去促進方法は、木質材料に含まれる植物生育阻
害物質を除去促進するための方法であって、前記木質材
料にアルカリ性溶液を所定のアルカリ濃度に維持しなが
ら連続的に作用させることにより、前記植物生育阻害物
質を溶出させ、溶出した植物生育阻害物質の吸光度を測
定することにより当該吸光度に比例する植物生育阻害物
質の濃度を求めることを特徴とする。
The method for promoting the removal of a plant growth-inhibiting substance according to the present invention is a method for promoting the removal of a plant growth-inhibiting substance contained in a woody material, which comprises applying an alkaline solution to the woody material. The plant growth-inhibiting substance is eluted by continuously acting while maintaining the alkaline concentration of the above , and the absorbance of the eluted plant-growth inhibiting substance is measured.
Plant growth inhibitor that is proportional to the absorbance by determining
And wherein the Rukoto determine the concentration of quality.

【0011】前記アルカリ性溶液が、水酸化カルシウ
ム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸カリウ
ム、炭酸ナトリウム、リン酸水素ナトリウム、アンモニ
ア水、酸化マグネシウム、亜硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキ
シアミン、ヒドラジン、四ホウ酸ナトリウムの群から選
ばれた少なくとも1種の溶液からなるのが好ましい。
The alkaline solution comprises calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, aqueous ammonia, magnesium oxide, sodium sulfite, hydroxyamine, hydrazine and sodium tetraborate. It preferably comprises at least one solution selected from the group.

【0012】前記アルカリ性溶液が、水酸化カルシウム
溶液からなる請求項2記載の木質材料に含まれるのが好
ましい。
[0012] It is preferable that the woody material according to claim 2 wherein the alkaline solution comprises a calcium hydroxide solution.

【0013】前記アルカリ性溶液が、水酸化ナトリウム
溶液からなる請求項2記載の木質材料に含まれるのが好
ましい。
It is preferable that the woody material according to claim 2 wherein the alkaline solution comprises a sodium hydroxide solution.

【0014】前記木質材料が、直径0.5〜2mm程度
の大きさの粉末からなる請求項1、2、3または4記載
の木質材料に含まれるのが好ましい。
It is preferable that the woody material is contained in the woody material according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, which is made of powder having a diameter of about 0.5 to 2 mm.

【0015】[0015]

【0016】前記植物性阻害物質が除去された木質材料
を洗浄するのが好ましい。
It is preferable to wash the woody material from which the plant-inhibiting substance has been removed.

【0017】本発明の植物生育阻害物質の除去促進装置
は、前記植物生育阻害物質の除去促進方法に用いられる
装置であって、(a)木質材料に含まれる植物生育阻害
物質を溶出するためのアルカリ性溶液を収容する液槽
と、(b)前記液槽内部のアルカリ性溶液を前記木質材
料に散布するための散布機構と、(c)前記植物生育阻
害物質が溶出されたアルカリ性溶液を前記液槽に返流す
るための返流経路と、(d)前記植物生育阻害物質の溶
出状態を測定するための分光光度計とを備えてなること
を特徴とする。
The apparatus for promoting the removal of plant growth-inhibiting substances according to the present invention is an apparatus used in the method for promoting the removal of plant growth-inhibiting substances, which is for (a) eluting the plant growth-inhibiting substances contained in wood materials. A liquid tank containing an alkaline solution; (b) a spraying mechanism for spraying the alkaline solution inside the liquid tank onto the woody material; and (c) an alkaline solution in which the plant growth inhibitor is eluted. And a spectrophotometer for measuring the elution state of the plant growth inhibitor (d).

【0018】[0018]

【発明の実施の形態】つぎに、図面を参照しながら本発
明の植物生育阻害物質の除去促進方法および装置につい
てさらに詳細に説明する。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, the method and apparatus for promoting removal of plant growth inhibitory substances according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

【0019】本発明の植物生育阻害物質の除去促進方法
は、アルカリ濃度自動調整装置を用いて、所定のアルカ
リ濃度(pH)のアルカリ性溶液を、該pHに維持しな
がらヒノキなどのオガ粉に連続的に作用せしめることに
よって、容易にオガ粉に含まれる阻害物質の溶出除去が
促進されることを特徴としている。
The method for accelerating the removal of plant growth inhibitory substances of the present invention uses an automatic alkali concentration adjusting device to continuously apply an alkaline solution having a predetermined alkali concentration (pH) to ogre flour such as cypress while maintaining the pH. It is characterized in that the elution and removal of the inhibitory substances contained in the ogre flour are easily promoted by making them act as desired.

【0020】また、阻害物質除去後のオガ粉製品の品質
管理に溶出液の阻害物質濃度を簡便な方法で測定するこ
とを特徴としている。本発明の阻害物質除去に用いられ
るアルカリ性溶液については、とくに限定されない。
Further, it is characterized in that the concentration of the inhibitor in the eluate is measured by a simple method for quality control of the ogre flour product after removal of the inhibitor. The alkaline solution used for removing the inhibitory substance of the present invention is not particularly limited.

【0021】前記アルカリ性溶液は、水酸化カルシウ
ム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸カリウ
ム、炭酸ナトリウム、リン酸水素ナトリウム、アンモニ
ア水、酸化マグネシウム、亜硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキ
シアミン、ヒドラジン、四ホウ酸ナトリウムの群から選
ばれた少なくとも1種の溶液であるのが好ましい。これ
らの溶液は水溶液が好ましいが、他の溶媒でもよい。
The alkaline solution comprises calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, aqueous ammonia, magnesium oxide, sodium sulfite, hydroxyamine, hydrazine and sodium tetraborate. It is preferably at least one solution selected from the group. These solutions are preferably aqueous solutions, but other solvents may be used.

【0022】とくに、水酸化カルシウム溶液は、オガ粉
の中にカルシウム分が残留してもこれを土壌改良材とし
て使用した場合、ナトリウムに比べ、カルシウム分は土
を固結するなどの悪影響が少ないので好ましい。
In particular, in the calcium hydroxide solution, even if the calcium content remains in the ogre powder, when it is used as a soil improver, the calcium content has less adverse effect than the sodium, such as solidifying the soil. Therefore, it is preferable.

【0023】また、水酸化カルシウム溶液は、原液が液
体であり、取り扱いが容易であるので好ましい。
The calcium hydroxide solution is preferable because the stock solution is a liquid and the handling is easy.

【0024】たとえば、アルカリ性溶液が、水酸化カル
シウムまたは水酸化ナトリウムなどを水に溶解したとき
にそのpH値が10〜14の高い範囲にあれば、ヒノキ
オガ粉からの阻害物質の溶出が効果的である。
For example, if the alkaline solution has a high pH value in the range of 10 to 14 when calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or the like is dissolved in water, it is effective to elute the inhibitory substance from the Hinokioga flour. is there.

【0025】また、オガ粉の大きさについてはとくに限
定しないが0.5〜2mm程度であれば、堆肥または土
壌改良材としての使い易さおよび阻害物質の溶出効率の
点で望ましい。
The size of the ogre powder is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.5 to 2 mm from the viewpoint of ease of use as a compost or soil improving material and elution efficiency of inhibitory substances.

【0026】[0026]

【実施例】実験例1 本発明者らはヒノキオガ粉から溶出する阻害物質濃度を
溶液の吸光度を測定することによって容易に測定する方
法を見出した。すなわち、分光光度計を用いてアルカリ
液で溶出した阻害物質を含む液体を220nmから60
0nmの波長でスキャニングしたところ、277nmお
よび335nmの波長に吸光の最大が認められた。この
うち、277nmの吸光度(OD277)を指標にして、
阻害物質の一つであるタンニンとOD277との相関関係
を見た場合、図1のグラフに示す関係が得られ、アルカ
リ溶出液に含まれるタンニン濃度とOD277の吸光度と
は比例関係にあることが明らかとなった。また、他の阻
害物質、没食子酸および安息香酸についても検討したと
ころ、同様な傾向が見られた。さらにOD335について
検討したが、OD277と同様、阻害物質濃度とのあいだ
に相関関係のあることが認められた。したがって、アル
カリ液によって溶出された阻害物質濃度は波長277n
mおよび335nmの吸光度を測定することによって容
易に測定することができる。
EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE 1 The present inventors have found a method for easily measuring the concentration of an inhibitor eluted from Hinokioga flour by measuring the absorbance of the solution. That is, using a spectrophotometer, a liquid containing an inhibitor dissolved in an alkaline solution was measured at a wavelength of 220 nm to 60 nm.
When scanned at a wavelength of 0 nm, maximum absorption was observed at wavelengths of 277 nm and 335 nm. Of these, using the absorbance at 277 nm (OD 277 ) as an index,
When the correlation between tannin, which is one of the inhibitory substances, and OD 277 is examined , the relationship shown in the graph of FIG. 1 is obtained, and the concentration of tannin contained in the alkaline eluate and the absorbance of OD 277 are in a proportional relationship. It became clear. Further, when other inhibitors, gallic acid and benzoic acid were examined, the similar tendency was observed. Furthermore, OD 335 was examined, and as with OD 277 , it was found that there was a correlation with the inhibitor concentration. Therefore, the concentration of the inhibitor dissolved by the alkaline solution is 277n.
It can be easily measured by measuring the absorbance at m and 335 nm.

【0027】実験例2 つぎに OD277を指標にして、アルカリ液によるヒノキ
オガ粉からの阻害物質の溶出実験を行なった。実験はp
Hの異なるアルカリ溶液(水酸化カルシウムによってp
H値を11.6および12.6に調製した液)1リット
ルにヒノキオガ粉を100g添加し、撹拝しながら経時
的にOD277を測定した。液のpHは最初に所定の値に
調整したのち、アルカリ剤を添加するなどの調整は一切
行なわなかった。対照として水道水pH7.1を用い
た。結果は、図2のグラフに示すとおりで、水道水pH
7.1(図2のI参照)では1日後のOD277が2.7
であるのに対し、pH11.6(図2のII参照)では
3.6、pH12.6(図2のIII参照)では6.1
に上昇し、明らかにアルカリ濃度が高くなるほど、阻害
物質の溶出が多くなることがわかる。また、いずれの場
合もその後のOD277の上昇は緩やかであった。さら
に、経時的に各々のpHを計測すると表1に示す結果と
なり、初期pH値に比べていずれも酸性側に移行してい
ることがわかった。
Experimental Example 2 Next, using OD 277 as an index, an elution experiment of an inhibitory substance from Hinokioga flour with an alkaline solution was carried out. The experiment is p
Different alkaline solution of H (p
To 1 liter of a liquid having an H value of 11.6 and 12.6), 100 g of cypress plant powder was added, and OD 277 was measured over time while stirring. The pH of the liquid was first adjusted to a predetermined value, and then no adjustment such as addition of an alkaline agent was performed. Tap water pH 7.1 was used as a control. The results are shown in the graph of Figure 2, and the pH of tap water
In 7.1 (see I in FIG. 2), OD 277 after one day was 2.7.
Whereas at pH 11.6 (see II in FIG. 2) 3.6 and at pH 12.6 (see III in FIG. 2) 6.1.
It can be seen that as the alkali concentration increases, the amount of the inhibitory substance eluted increases. In each case, the subsequent increase in OD 277 was moderate. Furthermore, when each pH was measured over time, the results shown in Table 1 were obtained, and it was found that the pH values were all shifted to the acidic side as compared with the initial pH value.

【0028】[0028]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0029】この現象はヒノキから溶出した阻害物質の
夕ンニンや安息香酸、没食子酸などがアルカリ液と反応
して中和されたものと考えられる。
It is considered that this phenomenon was caused by the reaction of the inhibitory substances such as bannin, benzoic acid, and gallic acid, which were eluted from the cypress, with the alkaline solution to be neutralized.

【0030】実験例3 つぎに、アルカリ溶出液のpH値を一定に保持した場合
のOD277の変化について調べた。実験は1リットルの
アルカリ溶液にヒノキオガ粉を100g添加し、撹伴し
ながらOD277を測定した。この場合、ヒノキオガ粉か
ら溶出する酸性阻害物質によるpH低下を防ぐために、
水酸化カルシウム溶液を添加し、pHを一定に保った。
結果は図3のグラフに示すとおりである。図3から明ら
かなように、溶出液のpHを11に保った場合(図3の
IV参照)、溶出時間が2時間でOD277の値が4.7
となり、前述した初期pHを11.6に設定したままの
24時間後のOD2773.6より大きい値となり、短時
間で阻害物質の溶出が促進された。また、pHを12.
3に保った場合(図3のV参照)も同様であった。この
ようにアルカリ濃度(pH)を一定の値に保持すること
によって、ヒノキに含まれる阻害物質のアルカリ液への
溶出が促進されることはあきらかである。
Experimental Example 3 Next, the change in OD 277 when the pH value of the alkaline eluate was kept constant was examined. In the experiment, 100 g of Hinokioga flour was added to 1 liter of alkaline solution, and OD 277 was measured while stirring. In this case, in order to prevent the pH from being lowered by the acidic inhibitory substance eluted from the cypress powder,
Calcium hydroxide solution was added to keep the pH constant.
The results are shown in the graph of FIG. As is clear from FIG. 3, when the pH of the eluate was maintained at 11 (see IV in FIG. 3), the elution time was 2 hours and the value of OD 277 was 4.7.
The value was greater than OD 277 3.6 after 24 hours with the initial pH set to 11.6, and the elution of the inhibitor was accelerated in a short time. In addition, the pH is 12.
The same was true when the value was kept at 3 (see V in FIG. 3). By keeping the alkali concentration (pH) at a constant value in this way, it is clear that the elution of the inhibitor contained in cypress into the alkaline solution is promoted.

【0031】実施例 つぎに本発明の実施例について説明する。本発明の阻害
物質溶出促進装置は、図4に示すとおりで、アルカリ濃
度を一定に保つためのpH自動調整装置(A槽)、アル
カリ性になったオガ粉を中性にするためのオガ粉洗浄液
調整装置(C槽)、オガ粉洗浄後液のpHが中性になっ
たことを知らせる洗浄液pH計測槽(B槽)、阻害物質
濃縮液pH中和槽(D槽)、阻害物質性炭吸着処理槽
(E槽)、処理水貯槽(F槽)およびヒノキオガ粉に対
して植物生育阻害物質を溶出するためのアルカリ性溶液
および洗浄液を散布するための散布機構(G)から構成
されている。以下に装置の説明をする。
Examples Next, examples of the present invention will be described. The inhibitor elution promoting device of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 4, and is an automatic pH adjusting device (tank A) for keeping the alkali concentration constant, and an agar powder cleaning liquid for neutralizing an alkaline oga powder. adjustment device (C bath), washing solution pH measuring vessel indicating that the pH of the sawdust after washing solution became neutral (B tank), inhibitors concentrate pH neutralization tank (D tank), inhibitors activated carbon It is composed of an adsorption treatment tank (E tank), a treated water storage tank (F tank), and a spraying mechanism (G) for spraying an alkaline solution for eluting a plant growth-inhibiting substance and a washing solution to the cypress powder. The apparatus will be described below.

【0032】A槽で、アルカリ性溶液は、水酸化カルシ
ウムによって、pHを10〜14の範囲で一定に自動調
節される。具体的には、pHを12.5に設定した場
合、A槽内にセットされたpH電極からの起電力を受け
て作動するpH調節計の指示が12.5以下になった場
合、水酸化カルシウム溶液タンクに接続された電磁弁に
信号が印加されて電磁弁が開放し、A槽内のpHが1
2.5になるまで水酸化カルシウムが添加される。pH
が12.5以上になれば電磁弁が自動的に閉鎖される。
この動作によって、A槽内のpHは約12.5に調整さ
れる。また、PHC1は、pHコントローラの1号機を
示す。
In the tank A, the pH of the alkaline solution is automatically adjusted to a constant value in the range of 10 to 14 with calcium hydroxide. Specifically, when the pH is set to 12.5, when the pH controller operating by receiving the electromotive force from the pH electrode set in the tank A becomes 12.5 or less, A signal is applied to the solenoid valve connected to the calcium solution tank, the solenoid valve opens, and the pH in tank A becomes 1
Calcium hydroxide is added until 2.5. pH
When becomes 12.5 or more, the solenoid valve is automatically closed.
By this operation, the pH in tank A is adjusted to about 12.5. PHC1 represents the first pH controller.

【0033】ついで、アルカリ性溶液は、ポンプP1
よって三方弁V1を通り、ヒノキオガ粉散布機構Gを介
してヒノキオガ粉に散布され、阻害物質の溶出を行な
う。ヒノキオガ粉の返流液は再びA槽に戻るが、このと
きの返流液のpHは溶出した阻害物質によって低下す
る。低下したpHは、前述したA槽内のpH調整方法と
同様な操作によって、常に一定のpHに調整される。p
Hが調整された溶出用のアルカリ性溶液は、再びポンプ
1によって散布される。ヒノキオガ粉からの阻害物質
の溶出状態は分光光度計のOD277を計測し、所定値に
なったところで散布を停止する。
[0033] Then, the alkaline solution is passed through a three-way valve V 1 by the pump P 1, it is sprayed Hinokioga powder through Hinokioga powder spraying mechanism G, performs elution of inhibitors. The returned solution of Hinokioga flour returns to the tank A again, but the pH of the returned solution at this time is lowered by the eluted inhibitor. The lowered pH is always adjusted to a constant pH by the same operation as the pH adjusting method in the tank A described above. p
The H-adjusted alkaline solution for elution is sprayed again by the pump P 1 . The OD 277 of the spectrophotometer is measured for the elution state of the inhibitor from the hinoki cypress flour, and when the value reaches a predetermined value, the spraying is stopped.

【0034】つぎに、阻害物質が除去されたヒノキオガ
粉はアルカリ性を示すため、C槽からpH7.5 〜8
に自動調整、具体的には、中和剤として、硫酸を用い、
A槽と同様のpH調整システムによって、C槽内のpH
が7.5以上になった場合、C槽に硫酸が添加され、C
槽内のpHは約7.5に自動調整される。ついで、pH
が調整された洗浄液を、ポンプP2によって三方弁V1
介してヒノキオガ粉に散布洗浄される。なお、C槽のP
HC2は、pHコントローラの2号機を示す。洗浄液
は、水、pH6〜7の弱酸またはpH7〜8の弱アルカ
リ液が用いられる。
Next, since the hinoki oga powder from which the inhibitor has been removed exhibits alkalinity, a pH of 7.5 to 8 is obtained from the C tank.
Automatic adjustment, specifically, using sulfuric acid as a neutralizing agent,
By the same pH adjustment system as tank A, the pH in tank C is
When the value exceeds 7.5, sulfuric acid is added to the C tank and C
The pH in the tank is automatically adjusted to about 7.5. Then pH
The cleaning liquid adjusted to the above is spray-washed by the pump P 2 through the three-way valve V 1 on the cypress powder. In addition, P of C tank
HC2 represents the second pH controller. As the cleaning liquid, water, a weak acid having a pH of 6 to 7 or a weak alkaline liquid having a pH of 7 to 8 is used.

【0035】洗浄液は三方弁V2を介してB槽へ戻りオ
ーバーフローによって、再びC槽に戻る。このとき、返
流洗浄液はpH7.5〜8以上のアルカリ性になるが、
C槽では、前述したC槽内のpH調整方法と同様な操作
によって、硫酸などの酸性物質によって自動的にpH
7.5〜8に調整される。そののち、洗浄液として循環
使用される。オガ粉洗浄後の返流液がpH7.5〜8以
下になると、B槽に設置してあるpH計が感知し、ポン
プP2は自動的に停止し、オガ粉の洗浄が終了したこと
になる。なお、B槽のPHC−3は、pHコントローラ
の3号機を示す。
The cleaning liquid returns to the B tank through the three-way valve V 2 and returns to the C tank by overflow. At this time, the returned cleaning liquid becomes alkaline with pH of 7.5 to 8 or more,
In the C tank, the pH is automatically adjusted by an acidic substance such as sulfuric acid by the same operation as the pH adjusting method in the C tank described above.
Adjusted to 7.5-8. After that, it is recycled as a cleaning liquid. When the pH of the returned liquid after washing the ogre powder becomes 7.5 to 8 or less, the pH meter installed in the tank B senses it, and the pump P 2 is automatically stopped, which indicates that the washing of the ogre powder is completed. Become. In addition, PHC-3 of the B tank indicates the third pH controller.

【0036】一方、AおよびC槽には阻害物質が濃縮し
ていくが、この溶出液および洗浄液の阻害物質はpH中
和用のD槽を経てE槽の阻害物質を活性炭に吸着させる
処理槽によって吸着処理され、処理液は貯留槽Fにスト
ックされる。なお、D槽のPHC−4は、pHコントロ
ーラの4号機を示す。処理後の溶出液および洗浄液は再
び、AおよびC槽で使用される。このように装置内で使
用される溶出液および洗浄液は循環使用され、装置外に
は排出しないようになっている。本実施の形態の装置で
は溶出液としてpH12.5のアルカリ液を用いて、1
3のヒノキオガ粉に毎分50リットルの流量で散布し
た結果、A槽内の循環散布のOD277が7に達するまで
に要した時間は3.5時間で、中和洗浄時間を含めて約
4.5時間で処理が終了した
On the other hand, the inhibitors are concentrated in the tanks A and C, and the inhibitors in the eluate and the washing solution are treated in the tank D for pH neutralization, and the inhibitor in the tank E is adsorbed on the activated carbon. Is adsorbed and stored in the storage tank F. In addition, PHC-4 of the D tank shows No. 4 of the pH controller. The treated eluate and washing solution are used again in the A and C tanks. In this way, the eluate and the cleaning liquid used in the device are circulated and are not discharged to the outside of the device. In the device of the present embodiment, an alkaline solution having a pH of 12.5 is used as an eluent, and
As a result of spraying m 3 hinoki ogre powder at a flow rate of 50 liters per minute, it took 3.5 hours to reach an OD 277 of 7 in circulating spray in tank A of about 3.5 hours, including the neutralization cleaning time. Processing was completed in 4.5 hours

【0037】[0037]

【発明の効果】以上説明したとおり、本発明の阻害物質
除去促進方法を用いることによって、樹木、とくに、ヒ
ノキからタンニンや安息香酸および没食子酸などのフェ
ノール類を短時間で除去でき、また、溶出液の吸光度を
測定することによって、オガ粉からの阻害物質の溶出濃
度を把握することができ、製品オガ粉の品質管理も充分
行なうことが可能である。このように処理して得られた
ヒノキオガ粉を土壌改良材として用いても植物の生育に
障害を起こすことなく、木質系有機物の原料として利用
することができ、また、エノキ菌庄材料として利用した
場合でも一般広葉樹並の効果のあることも認められ、本
発明はヒノキ間伐材の有効利用を行なううえで、夕ンニ
ンやフェノール類などの植物生育阻害物質を除去するこ
とができるきわめて有益な方法である。
As described above, by using the inhibitor removal promoting method of the present invention, phenols such as tannin, benzoic acid and gallic acid can be removed from trees, particularly cypress, in a short time, and elution is also possible. By measuring the absorbance of the liquid, the elution concentration of the inhibitory substance from the ogre flour can be grasped, and the quality control of the product ogre flour can be sufficiently performed. Even if the cypress plant powder obtained by the above treatment is used as a soil conditioner, it can be used as a raw material for woody organic matter without causing any damage to the growth of plants, and it was also used as a material for enoki fungi. It is also recognized that it is as effective as a general hardwood even in the case of the present invention, and the present invention is an extremely useful method capable of removing plant growth-inhibiting substances such as bananas and phenols in the effective use of cypress thinning materials. is there.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の阻害物質除去方法において阻害物質濃
度を吸光度OD277で代替できることを示すグラフであ
る。
FIG. 1 is a graph showing that the inhibitor concentration can be replaced by the absorbance OD 277 in the inhibitor removal method of the present invention.

【図2】アルカリ濃度(pH)をコントロールしない場
合の阻害物質溶出パターンを示すグラフである。
FIG. 2 is a graph showing an inhibitory substance elution pattern when the alkali concentration (pH) is not controlled.

【図3】アルカリ濃度(pH)を一定にコントロールし
た場合の阻害物質溶出パターンを示すグラフである。
FIG. 3 is a graph showing an inhibitory substance elution pattern when the alkali concentration (pH) is controlled to be constant.

【図4】本発明の阻害物質除去促進方法に用いられる装
置を示す概略説明図である。
FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing an apparatus used in the inhibitor removal promoting method of the present invention.

フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭62−118828(JP,A) 特開2000−204558(JP,A) 特開2000−86686(JP,A) 特開 昭54−110303(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) A01G 1/00 A01G 1/04 B27K 5/00 C07G 17/00 Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP 62-118828 (JP, A) JP 2000-204558 (JP, A) JP 2000-86686 (JP, A) JP 54-110303 (JP, A) ) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) A01G 1/00 A01G 1/04 B27K 5/00 C07G 17/00

Claims (7)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】 木質材料に含まれる植物生育阻害物質を
除去促進するための方法であって、 前記木質材料にアルカリ性溶液を所定のアルカリ濃度に
維持しながら連続的に作用させることにより、前記植物
生育阻害物質を溶出させ、溶出した植物生育阻害物質の
吸光度を測定することにより当該吸光度に比例する植物
生育阻害物質の濃度を求めることを特徴とする除去促進
方法。
1. A method for accelerating the removal of a plant growth inhibitor contained in a woody material, which comprises continuously acting an alkaline solution on the woody material while maintaining a predetermined alkali concentration, whereby the plant The growth inhibitor is eluted and the eluted plant growth inhibitor
A plant that is proportional to the absorbance by measuring the absorbance
Removal promoting wherein the Rukoto determine the concentration of growth inhibitor.
【請求項2】 前記アルカリ性溶液が、水酸化カルシウ
ム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸カリウ
ム、炭酸ナトリウム、リン酸水素ナトリウム、アンモニ
ア水、酸化マグネシウム、亜硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキ
シアミン、ヒドラジン、四ホウ酸ナトリウムの群から選
ばれた少なくとも1種の溶液からなる請求項1記載の除
去促進方法。
2. The alkaline solution is calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, aqueous ammonia, magnesium oxide, sodium sulfite, hydroxyamine, hydrazine, tetraboric acid. The removal promoting method according to claim 1, comprising at least one solution selected from the group of sodium.
【請求項3】 前記アルカリ性溶液が、水酸化カルシウ
ム溶液からなる請求項2記載の除去促進方法。
3. The removal promoting method according to claim 2, wherein the alkaline solution comprises a calcium hydroxide solution.
【請求項4】 前記アルカリ性溶液が、水酸化ナトリウ
ム溶液からなる請求項2記載の除去促進方法。
4. The removal promoting method according to claim 2, wherein the alkaline solution comprises a sodium hydroxide solution.
【請求項5】 前記木質材料が、直径0.5〜2mm程
度の大きさの粉末からなる請求項1、2、3または4記
載の除去促進方法。
5. The removal promoting method according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the wood material is a powder having a diameter of about 0.5 to 2 mm.
【請求項6】 前記植物性阻害物質が除去された木質材
料を洗浄する請求項1、2、3、4または記載の除去
促進方法。
6. The method of claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 removal promoting method according to wash the wooden materials the vegetable inhibitor has been removed.
【請求項7】 請求項1記載の植物生育阻害物質の除去
促進方法に用いられる装置であって、 (a)木質材料に含まれる植物生育阻害物質を溶出する
ためのアルカリ性溶液を収容する液槽と、 (b)前記液槽内部のアルカリ性溶液を前記木質材料に
散布するための散布機構と、 (c)前記植物生育阻害物質が溶出されたアルカリ性溶
液を前記液槽に返流するための返流経路と、 (d)前記植物生育阻害物質の溶出状態を測定するため
の分光光度計とを備えてなる除去促進装置。
7. An apparatus used in the method for promoting the removal of a plant growth-inhibiting substance according to claim 1, comprising: (a) a liquid tank containing an alkaline solution for eluting the plant growth-inhibiting substance contained in the woody material. (B) a spraying mechanism for spraying the alkaline solution in the liquid tank onto the woody material, and (c) a return mechanism for returning the alkaline solution in which the plant growth inhibitor is eluted to the liquid tank. A removal promoting device comprising a flow path and (d) a spectrophotometer for measuring the elution state of the plant growth inhibitor.
JP2000238658A 2000-08-07 2000-08-07 Method and apparatus for promoting removal of plant growth inhibitor Expired - Fee Related JP3484402B2 (en)

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