JP3458144B2 - Method of producing sintered alloy current collector and sintered alloy for current collector - Google Patents
Method of producing sintered alloy current collector and sintered alloy for current collectorInfo
- Publication number
- JP3458144B2 JP3458144B2 JP2000048961A JP2000048961A JP3458144B2 JP 3458144 B2 JP3458144 B2 JP 3458144B2 JP 2000048961 A JP2000048961 A JP 2000048961A JP 2000048961 A JP2000048961 A JP 2000048961A JP 3458144 B2 JP3458144 B2 JP 3458144B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current collector
- weight
- sintered alloy
- graphite
- wear
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、潤滑油を用いない
集電摺動部分に使用される、潤滑性と耐摩耗性とに優れ
た銅系焼結合金を製造する方法、および、潤滑性と耐摩
耗性に優れた銅系焼結合金より成る集電子に関するもの
であって、特に、比較的低速で走行するクレーン，ホイ
スト，電動台車等の、各種搬送機器類の集電子を適用の
対象とするものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a copper-based sintered alloy having excellent lubricity and wear resistance, which is used for a current collecting sliding portion that does not use lubricating oil, and lubricity. And a current collector composed of a copper-based sintered alloy with excellent wear resistance, and particularly applicable to current collectors of various types of carrier equipment such as cranes, hoists, and electric carts that run at relatively low speeds. It is what
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】比較的低速（５〜４０Ｋｍ／時）で常用
される各種搬送機の集電子用材料は、高速電気車のパン
タグラフすり板用の材料とは異なった特性を要求され
る。高速電気車パンタグラフすり板用材料は、高速摺動
時の耐摩耗性を重視して構成されているが、これを低速
摺動する集電子に用いると、該集電子と架線との摩擦力
が大きく、架線を荒損させるという不具合を生じる。こ
のため従来一般に、低速摺動用集電子は鉄やクロム等の
硬質成分を含まない青銅系の焼結合金母材の中に、黒鉛
や金属硫化物の微粒子を分散させた軟質材料が主として
用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art A current collector material for various conveyors, which is commonly used at a relatively low speed (5 to 40 km / hour), is required to have characteristics different from those for a pantograph contact plate of a high speed electric vehicle. The material for a high speed electric car pantograph contact plate is constructed with emphasis on wear resistance during high speed sliding. However, when it is used for a current collector that slides at a low speed, the frictional force between the current collector and the overhead wire is reduced. It is large and causes a problem that the overhead line is damaged. For this reason, generally, a current collector for low-speed sliding has generally been a soft material in which fine particles of graphite or metal sulfide are dispersed in a bronze-based sintered alloy base material that does not contain hard components such as iron and chromium. ing.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】近年の産業界における
省力化，高能率化の推進に伴って搬送機の稼働率が向上
したため、集電子が架線に摺触する時間が伸長した。そ
の結果、前記の軟質材料製の集電子を用いても架線の摺
動面が荒損するという問題が目立つようになってきた。
架線の荒損が進行して「バリ」や「ヒゲ」と呼ばれる突
起や線状の剥離を生じると、架線相互が接触して短絡事
故を招き、走行不能に陥る虞れが有る。従来公知の技術
の範囲内で、前記の架線荒損を防止するため、潤滑成分
である黒鉛や金属硫化物の含有量を増加させると、集電
子の機械的強度が低下して、該集電子が早期に損耗する
といった弊害を生じる。このような問題の発生が示唆し
ていることは、従来技術における潤滑成分としての黒鉛
や金属硫化物の作用、すなわち、銅系焼結合金母体の中
に微粒状に分散している非金属系成分（黒鉛や硫化物）
が、集電子から架線側接触面に移着して潤滑皮膜を形成
する効果には限界が有るということである。集電子が架
線に対して摺動する頻度が高くなると、黒鉛や金属硫化
物による潤滑皮膜形成能力が低下し、皮膜形成量の不足
や皮膜の消去を招き、架線側摺動面が荒損する。こうし
た状態になると、集電子の主成分も架線の主成分も共に
銅であるため、両者の間に凝着摩耗が進行し、接触摺動
面の減耗を助長する。本発明は上述の事情に鑑みて為さ
れたものであって、低速走行用の集電子として充分な機
械的強度と耐摩耗性とを有し、かつ、潤滑油を必要とし
ない自己潤滑性を有していて、相手部材である架線の損
傷，摩耗をも軽減し得る集電子および集電子用焼結合金
の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。With the recent progress in labor saving and high efficiency in the industrial world, the operating rate of the carrier has improved, so that the time during which the current collector slides on the overhead wire has been extended. As a result, the problem that the sliding surface of the overhead wire is damaged is becoming conspicuous even if the current collector made of the soft material is used.
If the coarse damage of the overhead wire progresses and a projection called “burr” or “whisker” or a line-shaped peeling occurs, the overhead wires may come into contact with each other to cause a short circuit accident, and the vehicle may be unable to travel. If the content of the lubricating component graphite or metal sulfide is increased in order to prevent the above-mentioned contact wire rough damage within the range of the conventionally known technology, the mechanical strength of the current collector decreases, and Has an adverse effect of being worn out at an early stage. The occurrence of such a problem suggests that the action of graphite or a metal sulfide as a lubricating component in the prior art, that is, a non-metallic system that is finely dispersed in a copper-based sintered alloy matrix. Components (graphite and sulfide)
However, there is a limit to the effect of transferring the current collector to the contact surface on the overhead wire side to form a lubricating film. If the frequency with which the current collector slides with respect to the overhead wire increases, the ability of the graphite or metal sulfide to form a lubricating film decreases, leading to insufficient film formation and erasing of the film, and the sliding surface on the overhead wire side is damaged. In such a state, since both the main component of the current collector and the main component of the overhead wire are copper, adhesive wear progresses between them, which promotes wear of the contact sliding surface. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has sufficient mechanical strength and wear resistance as a current collector for low-speed traveling, and self-lubricating property that does not require lubricating oil. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a current collector and a sintered alloy for a current collector, which has the same and can reduce damage and wear of an overhead wire as a mating member.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
めに創作した本発明の基本的な原理を略述すると、従来
例の、黒鉛や金属硫化物を青銅系の母材中に微粒子とし
て分散せしめた低速走行用焼結合金製集電子の組成に対
して、潤滑強化成分としてのビスマスを１〜７重量％添
加する。ビスマスは銅と固溶体を形成しないので凝着し
にくく、また軟質かつ非削性であるから、集電子と架線
との間における黒鉛や金属硫化物の潤滑機能が低下した
とき潤滑性を補足して摩耗を抑制する。ビスマスの添加
量が１重量％未満では効果が少なく、７重量％以上では
機械的強度を低下させるので、その添加量は１〜７重量
％であることが望ましい。少量の燐を添加すると、焼結
素地形成に際して燐の脱酸作用によって金属成分を浄化
して母体合金の機械的強度を高める。燐の添加量が０．
１重量％未満であれば効果が少なく、１重量％を越える
と靱性を低下させるので、その添加量は０．１〜１重量
％が適当である。ただし、燐の添加目的は金属成分の脱
酸浄化であるから、原料粉や炉内が清浄であれば燐の添
加量を零に近づけても良い。 The basic principle of the present invention created in order to achieve the above object will be briefly described. Graphite and a metal sulfide of a conventional example are formed as fine particles in a bronze base material. 1 to 7% by weight of bismuth as a lubrication strengthening component is added to the composition of the dispersed current collector made of a sintered alloy for low speed running. Since bismuth does not form a solid solution with copper, it does not easily adhere and is soft and non-abrasive, so when the lubrication function of graphite or metal sulfide between the current collector and the overhead wire decreases, the lubricity is supplemented. Controls wear. If the addition amount of bismuth is less than 1% by weight, the effect is small, and if it is 7% by weight or more, the mechanical strength is lowered. Therefore, the addition amount is preferably 1 to 7% by weight. When a small amount of phosphorus is added, the metal components are purified by the deoxidizing action of phosphorus during the formation of the sintered body, and the mechanical strength of the base alloy is increased. The amount of phosphorus added is 0.
If it is less than 1% by weight, the effect is small, and if it exceeds 1% by weight, the toughness is lowered. Therefore, the addition amount thereof is suitably 0.1 to 1% by weight. However, since the purpose of adding phosphorus is to deoxidize and purify the metal component, the amount of phosphorus added may be close to zero if the raw material powder and the inside of the furnace are clean .
【０００５】上述した添加量のビスマスを配合した場
合、黒鉛の含有量は２〜１３重量％が適正である。２重
量％未満では黒鉛の潤滑効果が不足であり、１３重量％
を越えると機械的強度を低下させる。また、金属硫化物
（ＭｏＳ2，ＷＳ2）の含有量も、同様の理由によって、
黒鉛との合計配合量が２〜１３重量％とすることが望ま
しい。銅と結合して焼結素地を形成する錫の配合量は４
〜１３重量％が適当である。When the above-mentioned addition amount of bismuth is blended, the graphite content is appropriately 2 to 13% by weight. If it is less than 2% by weight, the lubricating effect of graphite is insufficient, and 13% by weight
If it exceeds, the mechanical strength is lowered. The content of metal sulfide (MoS 2 , WS 2 ) is also the same for the same reason.
It is desirable that the total blending amount with graphite is 2 to 13% by weight. The compounding amount of tin that forms a sintered body by combining with copper is 4
-13% by weight is suitable.
【０００６】４重量％未満では銅との結合力が弱くて素
地強度が不充分であり、１３重量％を越えると機械的強
度に悪影響を及ぼし、脆弱になる。If it is less than 4% by weight, the bonding strength with copper is weak and the base strength is insufficient, and if it exceeds 13% by weight, the mechanical strength is adversely affected and it becomes brittle.
【０００７】以上に述べた原理に基づいて、請求項１に
係る発明方法の構成は、潤滑成分として黒鉛あるいは金
属硫化物（ＭｏＳ2，ＷＳ2）の１種類ないし複数種類の
２〜１３重量％と、潤滑強化成分としてＢｉの１〜７重
量％と、焼結素地成分としてＰの１重量％以下およびＳ
ｎの４〜１３重量％を含有し、残余はＣｕから成る粉末
原料を調製し、混合して圧縮成形し、上記の圧粉体を非
酸化性雰囲気中ないしは還元性雰囲気中で加熱して焼結
体を得ることを特徴とする。以上に説明した請求項１の
発明方法によると、低速走行域において潤滑油を用いる
ことなく良好な耐摩耗性を発揮し、しかも充分な機械的
強度を有していて亀裂や欠損を生じる虞れが無く、その
上、相手部材である架線に凝着摩耗を発生させる虞れも
無い集電子を工業的に製造することができる。Based on the above-mentioned principle, the constitution of the method of the invention according to claim 1 is 2 to 13% by weight of one kind or plural kinds of graphite or metal sulfide (MoS 2 , WS 2 ) as a lubricating component. 1 to 7% by weight of Bi as a lubrication enhancing component, 1% by weight or less of P as a sintering matrix component, and S
A powder raw material containing 4 to 13% by weight of n and the balance of Cu is prepared, mixed and compression-molded, and the green compact is heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere and baked. Characterized by obtaining a union. According to the method of the first aspect of the present invention described above, good wear resistance is exhibited without using a lubricating oil in a low-speed traveling range, and there is a risk of cracking or chipping having sufficient mechanical strength. In addition, it is possible to industrially manufacture a current collector that does not have the possibility of causing cohesive wear on the overhead wire that is a mating member.
【０００８】請求項２の発明に係る集電子の構成は、圧
縮成形された焼結合金から成る集電子であって、２〜１
３重量％の黒鉛もしくは金属硫化物（ＭｏＳ2，ＷＳ2）
の１種類または複数種類を含有するとともに、１〜７重
量％のＢｉを含有し、かつ、１％以下のＰおよび４〜１
３％のＳｎを含有していて、残余はＣｕであることを特
徴とする。以上に説明した請求項２の発明に係る集電子
によると、潤滑油を用いることなく低速走行域で使用し
た場合、優れた自己潤滑性と耐摩耗性とを発揮するとと
もに、充分な機械的強度を有していて、早期摩耗や亀
裂，欠損を生じない。その上、相手部材である架線に凝
着摩耗を発生させる虞れも無いという優れた実用的効果
が得られる。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a current collector configured as a current collector made of a compression-molded sintered alloy, which comprises 2-1.
3% by weight of graphite or metal sulfide (MoS 2 , WS 2 )
1 to 7% by weight of Bi and 1% or less of P and 4-1.
It is characterized by containing 3% Sn and the balance being Cu . According to the current collector according to the invention of claim 2 described above, when used in a low-speed traveling range without using a lubricating oil, it exhibits excellent self-lubricating property and wear resistance, and has sufficient mechanical strength. It does not cause premature wear, cracks or defects. In addition, an excellent practical effect is obtained in that there is no risk of adhesive wear occurring on the overhead wire, which is a mating member.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明方法を適用して本発
明に係る集電子を製作した１例を説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an example in which a current collector according to the present invention is manufactured by applying the method of the present invention will be described.
【００１０】焼結母体となるＣｕ−Ｓｎ−Ｐ（ただしＰ
＜１重量％）を基質とし、これに、潤滑成分としての黒
鉛もしくはＭｏＳ２を加え、または黒鉛とＭｏＳ２もし
くはＷＳ２を加えて実施例１〜４，参考例１〜４の配合
組成を構成し、かつ、上記実施例および参考例のそれぞ
れに３重量％または５重量％のビスマス粉末(６０メッ
シュ以下)を加えて表１に示す配合原料を得た。この表
１には、比較例として黒鉛を含有する公知の銅系焼結合
金の組成、および、黒鉛とＭｏＳ２とを含有する公知の
銅系焼結合金の組成とを併記した。Cu-Sn-P (provided that P
<1% by weight) as a substrate, to which graphite or MoS 2 as a lubricating component is added, or graphite and MoS 2 or WS 2 are added to form the compounding compositions of Examples 1 to 4 and Reference Examples 1 to 4. Then, 3% by weight or 5% by weight of bismuth powder (60 mesh or less) was added to each of the above-mentioned Examples and Reference Examples to obtain compounded raw materials shown in Table 1. In Table 1, as a comparative example, the composition of a known copper-based sintered alloy containing graphite and the composition of a known copper-based sintered alloy containing graphite and MoS 2 are shown together.
【００１１】[0011]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１２】上掲の表１に示した組成より成る粉末を、
Ｖ型混合機によって均一に混合し、混合紛を４００ＭＰ
ａで圧縮成形し、還元性雰囲気中で７５０℃に９０分間
保持して焼結し、実施例１〜４，参考例１〜４と比較例
１,２とを得た。これら実施例，参考例，比較例の物理
的・機械的性質は表２の通りである。A powder having the composition shown in Table 1 above is
Mix evenly with a V-type mixer and mix powder to 400MP
It was compression-molded in a, held at 750 ° C. for 90 minutes in a reducing atmosphere and sintered to obtain Examples 1 to 4, Reference Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Table 2 shows the physical and mechanical properties of these examples, reference examples and comparative examples.
【００１３】[0013]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１４】この表２に示した規格値は、本邦の主要電
機メーカーにおけるトロリーダクト用集電子の検査規格
の１例である。本表２から明らかなように、実施例１〜
４によって得られた銅系焼結合金の総べてが、集電子と
しての電気的，機械的特性を具備している。The standard values shown in Table 2 are one example of the inspection standards for current collectors for trolley ducts by major electrical machinery manufacturers in Japan. As is clear from Table 2, Examples 1 to 1
All of the copper-based sintered alloys obtained in No. 4 have electrical and mechanical characteristics as a current collector.
【００１５】前記実施例，参考例および比較例として構
成した集電子から、１０×２５×９０ｍｍの試験片を切
り出し、これらの試験片を回転式集電摺動試験機に取り
付け、押上力２０Ｎ、通電電流ＡＣ３０Ａ、摺動速度２
０Ｋｍ／時、無潤滑で、１２０分間、架線に対して摺動
せしめた。上記摺動試験における試験片の比摩耗量と、
相手部材である架線の摩耗率と、試験片の摺動面の状態
とを表３に示す。Test pieces of 10 × 25 × 90 mm were cut out from the current collectors constructed as the above-mentioned Examples , Reference Examples and Comparative Examples, and these test pieces were attached to a rotary type current-collecting sliding tester, and a pushing force of 20 N, Energizing current AC30A, sliding speed 2
It was slid on the overhead wire for 120 minutes without lubrication at 0 km / hour. Specific wear amount of the test piece in the sliding test,
Table 3 shows the wear rate of the overhead wire, which is a mating member, and the state of the sliding surface of the test piece.
【００１６】[0016]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００１７】この表３から明らかなように、実施例１〜
４の何れもが、比較例１，２に比して試験片の摩耗につ
いても、架線の摩耗についても格段に低減せしめること
ができた。As is clear from Table 3, Examples 1 to 1
In all of the cases of No. 4 , compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the wear of the test piece and the wear of the overhead wire could be significantly reduced.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上に実施の形態を挙げて明らかならし
めたように、請求項１の発明方法によると、低速走行域
において潤滑油を用いることなく良好な耐摩耗性を発揮
し、しかも充分な機械的強度を有していて亀裂や欠損を
生じる虞れが無く、その上、相手部材である架線に凝着
摩耗を生じさせる虞れも無い集電子を工業的に製造する
ことができる。請求項２の発明に係る集電子によると、
潤滑油を用いることなく低速域で使用した場合、優れた
自己潤滑性と耐摩耗性とを発揮するとともに、充分な機
械的強度を有していて、早期摩耗や亀裂，欠損を生じな
い。その上、相手部材である架線に凝着摩耗を生じさせ
る虞れも無いという優れた実用的効果を奏する。As is clear from the above embodiments, according to the method of the first aspect of the present invention, good wear resistance is exhibited in the low-speed range without using lubricating oil, It is possible to industrially manufacture a current collector that has excellent mechanical strength and is free from the risk of cracking or chipping, and is free from the risk of causing cohesive wear to the overhead wire that is a mating member. According to the current collector of the invention of claim 2,
When used in a low speed range without using a lubricating oil, it exhibits excellent self-lubricating property and wear resistance, and has sufficient mechanical strength to prevent premature wear, cracking, and chipping. In addition, there is an excellent practical effect that there is no possibility of causing adhesive wear to the overhead wire, which is a mating member.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 畔津 健太郎 大分県大分市下郡3100−３ 帝国カーボ ン工業株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭62−196351（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−33163（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−301256（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C22C 9/02 C22C 1/10 C22C 9/00 H01R 43/06 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Kentaro Kurozu Inventor Kentaro Kurozu 3100-3 Shimo-gun, Oita City, Oita Prefecture Within Teikoku Carbon Industry Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP 62-196351 (JP, A) JP Heihei 6-33163 (JP, A) JP-A-9-301256 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C22C 9/02 C22C 1/10 C22C 9/00 H01R 43 / 06
Claims (2)
（MｏS2, WS2）の1種類ないし複数種類の2〜13重量％
と、潤滑強化成分としてBiの1〜7重量％と、焼結素地成
分としてPの1重量％以下およびSnの4〜13重量％を含有
し、残余はCuから成る粉末原料を調製し、混合して圧縮
成形し、上記の圧粉体を非酸化性雰囲気中ないしは還元
性雰囲気で加熱して焼結体を得ることを特徴とする、集
電子用焼結合金の製造法。1. 2 to 13% by weight of one kind or a plurality of kinds of graphite or metal sulfide (MoS 2 , WS 2 ) as a lubricating component
And 1 to 7% by weight of Bi as a lubrication enhancing component, 1% by weight or less of P and 4 to 13% by weight of Sn as a sintering base component, and the rest is a powder raw material made of Cu , and mixed. And compression molding and heating the green compact in a non-oxidizing atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere to obtain a sintered body.
であって、2〜13重量％の黒鉛もしくは金属硫化物（MoS
2,WS2）の1種類または複数種類を含有するとともに1〜7
重量％のBiを含有し、かつ、１%以下のPおよび4〜13％
のSnを含有していて、残余はCuであることを特徴とす
る、焼結合金製集電子。2. A current collector made of a compression-molded sintered alloy, comprising 2 to 13% by weight of graphite or metal sulfide (MoS).
2 , WS 2 ) containing 1 or more types of 1 to 7
Contains Bi by weight and contains less than 1% P and 4-13%
Sintering alloy collector which is characterized by containing Sn and the balance being Cu .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000048961A JP3458144B2 (en) | 2000-02-21 | 2000-02-21 | Method of producing sintered alloy current collector and sintered alloy for current collector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000048961A JP3458144B2 (en) | 2000-02-21 | 2000-02-21 | Method of producing sintered alloy current collector and sintered alloy for current collector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001234265A JP2001234265A (en) | 2001-08-28 |
| JP3458144B2 true JP3458144B2 (en) | 2003-10-20 |
Family
ID=18570965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000048961A Expired - Fee Related JP3458144B2 (en) | 2000-02-21 | 2000-02-21 | Method of producing sintered alloy current collector and sintered alloy for current collector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3458144B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3939931B2 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2007-07-04 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | Copper-based multi-layer sliding material |
| KR101223789B1 (en) * | 2001-10-08 | 2013-01-18 | 페더럴-모걸 코오포레이숀 | A bearing and a method of making a lead-free bearing |
| DE102004011831B3 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2005-03-31 | Federal-Mogul Deva Gmbh | Sintered, solid-lubricated copper-based bearing material for dry sliding and rotating bearings, contains tin, bismuth and graphite |
| JP5328353B2 (en) * | 2006-08-05 | 2013-10-30 | 大豊工業株式会社 | Pb-free copper alloy sliding material and manufacturing method thereof |
| US9028582B2 (en) | 2008-01-23 | 2015-05-12 | Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Process for production of sintered copper alloy sliding material and sintered copper alloy sliding material |
| CN103657862B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-11-18 | 云南磷化集团有限公司 | A kind of Collophane anti-floatation collector and preparation method thereof |
-
2000
- 2000-02-21 JP JP2000048961A patent/JP3458144B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2001234265A (en) | 2001-08-28 |
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