JP3446809B2 - Multi-layer sintered sliding member and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-layer sintered sliding member and manufacturing method thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JP3446809B2 JP3446809B2 JP09281498A JP9281498A JP3446809B2 JP 3446809 B2 JP3446809 B2 JP 3446809B2 JP 09281498 A JP09281498 A JP 09281498A JP 9281498 A JP9281498 A JP 9281498A JP 3446809 B2 JP3446809 B2 JP 3446809B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sintered
- sliding member
- sintered sliding
- multilayer
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、より高面圧下にお
ける軸受の耐摩耗性の向上、異音の発生防止などを狙い
とした複層焼結摺動部材およびその製造方法に関し、よ
り詳しくは鉄系裏金材料に独立した複数個の突出部が形
成された複層焼結摺動部材およびその製造方法に関する
ものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multilayer sintered sliding member and a method of manufacturing the same for the purpose of improving the wear resistance of a bearing under a higher surface pressure and preventing the generation of abnormal noise. The present invention relates to a multilayer sintered sliding member in which a plurality of independent protrusions are formed on an iron-based backing metal material and a method for manufacturing the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】銅系焼結軸受材料としては例えばＣｕ−
Ｓｎ−Ｐｂ等の青銅系、鉛青銅系材料が多く用いられ、
かつ鉄系裏金材料と一体化された複層焼結摺動部材が良
く知られている。これらは建設機械分野においても足回
りの転輪ローラ部においてごく一般的に利用されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art As a copper-based sintered bearing material, for example, Cu-
Bronze-based and lead bronze-based materials such as Sn-Pb are often used,
Moreover, a multilayer sintered sliding member integrated with an iron-based backing metal material is well known. These are generally used in the underbody roller rollers in the construction machinery field as well.
【０００３】また、建設機械の作業機ブッシュのような
より高面圧、低速の条件下で使用される軸受材として耐
摩耗性を重視した浸炭や高周波焼き入れを施した鋼製の
ブッシュがグリース潤滑下で使われている。特に、作業
機では高面圧下で潤滑条件が厳しくなり、作業時に不快
な異音が発生するのを防止するために、高力黄銅製のブ
ッシュや、上述の鋼製ブッシュにさらに潤滑皮膜処理を
施したものが使用されている。とりわけ、高力黄銅製ブ
ッシュは馴染み性に優れることから注目されている。さ
らに、作業機などの軸受部への給脂時間間隔を伸ばすた
めに、高力黄銅製ブッシュに摺動部面積に対して３０％
前後の面積の機械加工穴を設け、摺動方向においてその
穴部がオーバーラップするように配置して、穴部に固体
潤滑剤の黒鉛を埋め込んだ軸受材料（例えばオイレス工
業社製、５００ＳＰ等）や固体潤滑剤を多量に添加した
金属焼結体（例えば東芝タンガロイ社製、ＳＬ合金）が
利用されている場合もある。Further, as a bearing material used under conditions of higher surface pressure and lower speed, such as a working machine bush of a construction machine, a steel bush subjected to carburizing or induction hardening with emphasis on wear resistance is grease. Used under lubrication. In particular, in working machines, lubrication conditions become severe under high surface pressure, and in order to prevent unpleasant noises during work, bushes made of high-strength brass and the above-mentioned steel bushes must be further lubricated. What has been given is used. In particular, high-strength brass bushes are attracting attention because of their excellent compatibility. Furthermore, in order to extend the greasing time interval for the bearings of work machines, etc., the bushes made of high-strength brass have 30% of the sliding area.
Bearing material with machined holes in the front and back areas, arranged so that the holes overlap in the sliding direction, and graphite, a solid lubricant, embedded in the holes (for example, 500SP manufactured by OILES CORPORATION) There are also cases where a metal sintered body (for example, SL alloy manufactured by Toshiba Tungaloy Co., Ltd.) to which a large amount of solid lubricant is added is used.
【０００４】また、高面圧下での条件で使用する複層焼
結摺動部材としては、固体潤滑成分としての黒鉛が３〜
８重量％の範囲で分散含有されたアルミ青銅系焼結摺動
合金を燐青銅板の接合層を介して鋼板に一体接合してな
る複層焼結摺動部材およびその製造方法が、特開平５−
１５６３８８号公報に開示されている。Further, as a multilayer sintered sliding member used under the condition of high surface pressure, graphite as a solid lubricating component is contained in an amount of 3 to 3.
A multilayer sintered sliding member obtained by integrally bonding an aluminum bronze-based sintered sliding alloy dispersedly contained in the range of 8% by weight to a steel plate via a bonding layer of a phosphor bronze plate, and a method for producing the same are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HEI-KOKAI Publication 5-
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 156388.
【０００５】さらに、特開平３−２３２９０５号公報に
おいては、表面に複数個の独立した突出部を備えた鋼板
からなる裏金もしくは表面に連続した突出部と各突出部
によって形成された複数個の独立し凹部を備えた鋼板か
らなる裏金と、この裏金の表面の突出部を覆って一体に
被着形成された潤滑性成分として少なくとも３重量％の
黒鉛を分散含有した銅系焼結合金層とからなり、その焼
結合金層には低密度高含油合金層と高密度低含油合金層
が形成されている複層焼結摺動部材が高荷重、耐衝撃性
に優れていることが開示されている。Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-232905, a backing made of a steel plate having a plurality of independent protrusions on the surface or a continuous protrusion on the surface and a plurality of independent protrusions formed by the protrusions. A backing plate made of a steel plate having a recessed portion, and a copper-based sintered alloy layer containing at least 3% by weight of graphite as a lubricating component dispersed and integrally formed to cover the protrusions on the surface of the backing plate. It is disclosed that the sintered alloy layer has a low-density and high-oil-impregnated alloy layer and a high-density and low-oil-impregnated alloy layer, and the multilayer sintered sliding member has excellent high load and impact resistance. There is.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】複層焼結摺動部材で摺
動焼結層が鉛青銅系、青銅系の場合には軽負荷、高速で
潤滑条件が良い状態では馴染み性に優れた摺動材料とし
て活用できる。しかし、建設機械の下転輪ローラなどの
ような摺動条件では、比較的周速が小さく、かつ偏荷重
などによって高面圧化したりするなど、流体潤滑特性の
得られにくい条件であるため、長時間の連続走行や車速
を速める場合等には極めて簡単に摩耗することがあり、
また発熱することによって、フローティングシール部か
らの油漏れが容易に起こるなどの問題がある。In the multi-layer sintered sliding member, when the sliding sintered layer is a lead bronze type or bronze type, a light load is applied. It can be used as a moving material. However, under sliding conditions such as under-roller rollers of construction machinery, it is difficult to obtain fluid lubrication characteristics such as relatively low peripheral speed and high surface pressure due to unbalanced load. It may wear very easily when running for a long time or when increasing the vehicle speed.
Further, there is a problem that oil is easily leaked from the floating seal portion due to heat generation.
【０００７】また、上述の作業機ブッシュに関しては、
鋼製ブッシュでは硬度の点で高荷重でへたることはない
が、偏荷重や耐荷重性および極めて周速が小さいことに
よる厳しい潤滑条件の下では焼き付きや不快な異音が発
生しやすいことが重要な問題となっている。Further, regarding the working machine bush described above,
In terms of hardness, steel bushes do not sag under high loads, but seizures and unpleasant noises are likely to occur under severe lubrication conditions due to unbalanced loads, load resistance, and extremely low peripheral speed. Has become an important issue.
【０００８】上述の作業機ブッシュとして溶製される高
力黄銅系摺動材料を使用する場合には、へたりはほぼ無
く、かつ鋼製ブッシュに比べて異音の発生がかなりの点
で防止されるが、それでも作業機のように極めて低速
で、かつ高荷重下で使用される場合には潤滑切れ状態が
容易に起こるために、異音の完全な防止を図ることが出
来ない。また、このような異音などの防止の対策として
一般的に、摺動部に多くの油溝を後機械加工によって形
成させることが考えられるが、その際の溝形状は、例え
ば川崎景民著、「オイルレスベアリング」、Ｐ２６０〜
２６２（（株）アグネ、１９８０年発刊）に記載されて
いるように単純な直線的形状になるとともに、機械加工
費の増大と高価な摺動材料の歩留まりが悪くなることな
どが問題となる。When a high-strength brass-based sliding material produced by melting is used as the above-mentioned working machine bush, there is almost no settling and the occurrence of abnormal noise is considerably prevented as compared with the steel bush. However, even if it is used at a very low speed and under a heavy load like a working machine, it is impossible to completely prevent abnormal noise because the lubrication is easily lost. Further, as a measure for preventing such abnormal noise, it is generally considered that many oil grooves are formed in the sliding portion by post-machining, and the groove shape at that time is, for example, by Kawasaki Keimin. , "Oilless bearing", P260-
No. 262 (Agne Co., Ltd., published in 1980) has a simple linear shape, and increases in machining cost and a poor yield of expensive sliding materials pose problems.
【０００９】さらに、焼結摺動部材中の空隙に潤滑油を
多量に含油させて摺動時の潤滑条件を改善しようとする
場合においては、焼結体中に空隙が多くあることによっ
て逆に流体もしくは境界潤滑的な条件が悪くなるため異
音の発生を期待するほどに改善できない問題や焼結体強
度が弱くなるために高面圧に耐えにくい問題がある。Further, in the case where a large amount of lubricating oil is impregnated into the voids in the sintered sliding member to improve the lubrication condition during sliding, there are many voids in the sintered body. There is a problem that the condition of fluid or boundary lubrication becomes bad and cannot be improved to the extent that generation of abnormal noise is expected, and that the strength of the sintered body becomes weak and it is difficult to withstand high surface pressure.
【００１０】さらに、自己潤滑性の高い前述の黒鉛埋め
込み型の溶製材の高力黄銅ブッシュでは黒鉛埋め込み用
の穴あけ加工と黒鉛の充填等の工程がコストを顕著に引
き上げる問題があり、このために黒鉛充填用の穴部の面
積率は通常２５〜３０面積％に抑えて使用されるため、
長時間にわたって十分な自己潤滑性が得られないという
問題点がある。Further, in the above-mentioned graphite embedding type high strength brass bush having high self-lubricating property, there is a problem that the steps of drilling for graphite embedding and filling of graphite significantly increase the cost. Since the area ratio of the graphite filling hole is usually suppressed to 25 to 30 area%,
There is a problem that sufficient self-lubricating property cannot be obtained for a long time.
【００１１】また、固体潤滑剤を多量に含有する金属焼
結体では焼結性が困難となり、高密度化を図るためにホ
ットプレス等の加圧手段が必要となり、高価なものにな
ることや、高密度化された金属焼結体においても脆弱性
が高いなどの問題が解決されていない。Further, a metal sintered body containing a large amount of a solid lubricant becomes difficult to sinter, and a pressurizing means such as a hot press is required in order to achieve high density, which makes it expensive. However, problems such as high brittleness have not been solved even in a metal sintered body having a high density.
【００１２】特に、前述の表面層の摺動材料として３〜
８重量％の黒鉛を含有するＡｌ青銅系焼結摺動材料を燐
青銅板を介して裏金に一体化した複層焼結摺動部材は、
焼結時において加圧処理を必要としており、一体化する
工程においてコスト高が避けられない問題がある。Particularly, as a sliding material for the above-mentioned surface layer,
A multilayer sintered sliding member in which an Al bronze-based sintered sliding material containing 8% by weight of graphite is integrated with a back metal through a phosphor bronze plate is
Since pressure treatment is required at the time of sintering, there is a problem that the cost is unavoidable in the integration process.
【００１３】さらに、前述の表面に複数個の独立した、
もしくは連続した突出部のある鋼板を裏金として用いて
製造され、少なくとも３重量％の黒鉛を含有する銅系焼
結摺動合金を一体化した複層焼結摺動部材は、所定の形
状に成形された鋼板の入手コストに問題があることと、
例えば円筒状のブッシュとして曲げ加工を施す際に、鋼
板の突出部に曲げ応力が集中して被着した上述の銅系焼
結摺動材料との接合界面での剥離を起こし易いこと、お
よび曲げ加工時の変形抵抗が鋼板において不均質に分布
するようになるため円筒状に均質に曲げ加工することが
困難になり、円筒状ブッシュとしての加工量が増大する
ことや最終部品での裏金との接合品質の検査費用が高価
になるなどの問題がある。Further, a plurality of independent,
Alternatively, a multilayer sintered sliding member manufactured by using a steel plate having a continuous protruding portion as a backing metal and integrating a copper-based sintered sliding alloy containing at least 3% by weight of graphite is formed into a predetermined shape. That there is a problem in the cost of obtaining the produced steel plate,
For example, when bending is performed as a cylindrical bush, the bending stress is concentrated on the protruding portion of the steel sheet and peeling is likely to occur at the bonding interface with the above-described copper-based sintered sliding material that has been deposited, and bending Since the deformation resistance during processing becomes unevenly distributed in the steel sheet, it becomes difficult to perform uniform bending in a cylindrical shape, increasing the amount of processing as a cylindrical bush and increasing the back metal in the final part. There is a problem that the inspection cost of the joint quality becomes expensive.
【００１４】さらに、凸部を設けた鋼板においてはその
加工の点からして凸部面積率を１０〜２０面積％以上に
高めることが非常に困難であり、その結果、荷重を支え
る高密度焼結（凸）部が少なくなることから耐荷重性に
おいても問題がある。また、突出部を高めるための鋼板
は市販性が無いことから、耐荷重性を改善するためには
非常にコスト高になることが避けられないという問題が
ある。Further, in the case of a steel sheet provided with a convex portion, it is very difficult to increase the area ratio of the convex portion to 10 to 20% by area or more from the viewpoint of processing, and as a result, high-density baking supporting a load is performed. Since the number of binding (convex) portions is reduced, there is a problem in load resistance. Further, since the steel plate for increasing the protruding portion is not commercially available, there is a problem that it is unavoidable that the cost becomes very high in order to improve the load resistance.
【００１５】またさらに、高密度部を常に維持して粗密
度部の密度を調整するためには、裏金の凸部高さを調整
する必要があり、密度差を高めるためには裏金の凸部高
さをより高く成形する必要があり、コスト的にも高くな
ることと焼結層厚みを薄くすることによって調整する場
合にも焼結摺動層厚さが制約されるなど製造上の問題点
が多い。Furthermore, in order to constantly maintain the high density portion and adjust the density of the coarse density portion, it is necessary to adjust the height of the convex portion of the back metal, and in order to increase the density difference, the convex portion of the back metal is adjusted. It is necessary to mold the height to a higher level, resulting in higher cost, and the sintering sliding layer thickness is restricted even when adjustment is made by reducing the sintered layer thickness. There are many.
【００１６】さらにまた、黒鉛等の潤滑剤を添加して摺
動層に潤滑性を持たせる場合においては高密度部と粗密
度部の組成が同じになり、荷重を主として支える高密度
部における焼結強度が弱くなる問題がある。Furthermore, when a lubricating agent such as graphite is added to provide the sliding layer with lubricity, the high density portion and the coarse density portion have the same composition, and the high density portion that mainly supports the load is burned. There is a problem that the binding strength becomes weak.
【００１７】本発明は、このような問題点を解消するた
めになされたもので、鉄系裏金材料に独立した複数個の
突出部とそれらによって形成された連続する凹部が設け
られてなる複層焼結摺動部材および／またはその連続す
る凹部に膨張性多孔質焼結材料を焼結接合することによ
って気孔率を調整して含油性を高めた複層焼結摺動部材
とその安価な製造方法を提供することを目的とするもの
である。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is a multi-layered structure in which a plurality of independent projections and continuous recesses formed by the projections are provided in an iron-based backing metal material. Sintered sliding member and / or multi-layered sintered sliding member having enhanced oil impregnation by adjusting the porosity by sinter-bonding expansive porous sintered material to its continuous recesses and inexpensive manufacturing thereof It is intended to provide a method.
【００１８】[0018]
【課題を解決するための手段および作用・効果】前述さ
れた目的を達成するために、本発明による複層焼結摺動
部材は、鋼よりなる平板状の裏金の表面に、高密度焼結
摺動材料よりなる複数個の独立した突出部を焼結接合し
てなり、この独立した突出部によって形成される凹部が
連続していることを特徴とするものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the multi-layer sintered sliding member according to the present invention comprises a flat metal backing made of steel and a high density sintered material. The present invention is characterized in that a plurality of independent protrusions made of a sliding material are sintered and joined together, and the recesses formed by the independent protrusions are continuous.
【００１９】また、本発明による複層焼結摺動部材の製
造方法は、各種形状の穴を持つシートを鋼製裏金に重
ね、上方から焼結摺動材料の混合粉末を散布して前記シ
ートの穴部にその混合粉末を充填したものを、還元、中
性、真空の各雰囲気中で焼結して前記穴部に充填した混
合粉末を裏金上に焼結接合する工程と、圧延などの加圧
加工によって前記焼結摺動材料を高密度化した後に更に
焼結する工程とを含んでなり、かつ表面に複数個の独立
した突出部として形成された高密度焼結摺動材料が７０
〜３０面積％の範囲内にあり、さらにその突出部の摺動
方向の最大長さが２０ｍｍ以下であることを特徴とする
ものである。Further, in the method for producing a multilayer sintered sliding member according to the present invention, a sheet having holes of various shapes is stacked on a steel backing metal, and a mixed powder of the sintered sliding material is sprinkled from above to produce the sheet. The step of sintering the mixed powder filled in the holes of the above in a reducing, neutral, or vacuum atmosphere to sinter and bond the mixed powder filled in the holes on the back metal, and rolling, etc. A high-density sintered sliding material formed by densifying the sintered sliding material by pressure processing and further sintering, and having a plurality of independent protrusions on the surface.
It is characterized in that the maximum length in the sliding direction is 20 mm or less.
【００２０】本発明に係る複層焼結摺動部材は、建設機
械の下転輪ローラのように流体潤滑が効率良く作用する
ことが期待できないところで使用するのに好適であっ
て、強度に優れた鋼製の裏金に複数個の独立する突出し
た摺動材料部が相対密度で例えば９０％以上に高密度化
され、焼結層内での空隙がほぼ独立した閉空孔となるよ
うにして、例えば摺動面積の８０〜３０面積％の範囲に
なるように設け、かつ突出部によって形成された連続す
る凹部の面積率を、例えば従来からの標準油溝面積率
（約１０％）の少なくとも２倍以上の２０〜７０面積％
以上に高めることによって、また摺動方向での突出部の
最大長さが例えば２０ｍｍを越えないように突出部を小
さくすることによって、潤滑油が突出部摺動面の発熱を
十分に冷却させるとともに潤滑油を効率的に供給させ、
さらに突出部摺動面で発生する摩耗粉を効果的に摺動面
から排除しやすい複層焼結摺動部材構造を採用したもの
である。このような構造によって、結果的にはより高荷
重でより耐焼き付き性、耐摩耗性を向上させ、かつ異音
発生のない複層焼結摺動部材を得ることが可能となり、
とりわけ連続する凹部による潤滑性を画期的に高めるこ
とが可能となり、安価な鉄系焼結部材の摺動材料として
の適用範囲を広げることが可能となったものである。The multi-layer sintered sliding member according to the present invention is suitable for use in a place where fluid lubrication cannot be expected to work efficiently, such as a lower roller of a construction machine, and is excellent in strength. A plurality of independent protruding sliding material parts are densified to a relative density of, for example, 90% or more on a steel backing so that the voids in the sintered layer are substantially independent closed holes. For example, the area ratio of the continuous recesses formed by the projections is set to be at least 2 of the conventional standard oil groove area ratio (about 10%), which is provided in the range of 80 to 30 area% of the sliding area. 20 to 70 area% more than double
By increasing the above, and by making the protruding portion small so that the maximum length of the protruding portion in the sliding direction does not exceed, for example, 20 mm, the lubricating oil sufficiently cools the heat generated on the sliding surface of the protruding portion. To supply lubricating oil efficiently,
Furthermore, a multilayer sintered sliding member structure is adopted in which abrasion powder generated on the sliding surface of the protruding portion can be effectively removed from the sliding surface. With such a structure, as a result, it becomes possible to obtain a multi-layer sintered sliding member which is improved in seizure resistance and wear resistance under a higher load, and in which abnormal noise is not generated.
In particular, it becomes possible to dramatically improve the lubricity due to the continuous recesses, and it is possible to widen the range of application as a sliding material for an inexpensive iron-based sintered member.
【００２１】本発明において、前記突出部は、荷重線が
摺動方向に移動する際にその荷重線の全部分が凹部に位
置することのないように、丸型（図２（ａ））、角型
（図２（ｅ）（ｇ））、スリット型（図２（ｄ））の千
鳥配列もしくは六角形型、ヘリボン配列（図２（ｆ））
および／またはこれに類する形状にて配置されて、均一
な荷重点で荷重を支えるようにされ、かつ前記凹部は、
潤滑油が当該摺動部材の摺動面に均一に流動するように
連続しているのが好ましい。このように、独立する複数
個の突出部を設ける場合には、独立した突出部の配列は
例えば、円柱状の場合には千鳥型に配列させて、かつ荷
重を支える荷重線が摺動方向に移動する際に連続する凹
部に位置することのないようにして、荷重線と平行な方
向の突出部の軌跡が他の突出部のそれとオーバーラップ
するように配列し、出来るだけ多くの突出部が均一に荷
重を支えることができるようにすることが望ましい。と
りわけ突出部が荷重方向において常にオーバーラップし
て配列されるようにして、かつ潤滑上の観点からは、摺
動方向における突出部の先端形状が鋭角で突出せず、潤
滑油のエッジ効果が発揮できるよう突出部の形状が円形
状もしくは摺動方向に対して平行な角形状等に類する形
状とすることが好ましい（後述の図１、図２、図３参
照）。In the present invention, the protrusion has a round shape (FIG. 2 (a)) so that the entire portion of the load line is not located in the recess when the load line moves in the sliding direction. Square type (Fig. 2 (e) (g)), slit type (Fig. 2 (d)) staggered arrangement or hexagonal type, Herribbon arrangement (Fig. 2 (f))
And / or arranged in a similar shape so as to bear the load at uniform load points, and said recesses
It is preferable that the lubricating oil is continuous so as to uniformly flow on the sliding surface of the sliding member. In this way, when a plurality of independent protrusions are provided, the protrusions are arranged in a zigzag pattern, for example, in the case of a columnar shape, and the load lines that support the load are arranged in the sliding direction. Arrange so that the locus of the protrusion in the direction parallel to the load line overlaps that of the other protrusions so that it does not lie in a continuous concave portion when moving, and as many protrusions as possible are It is desirable to be able to support the load evenly. Especially, the protrusions are always arranged to overlap in the load direction, and from the viewpoint of lubrication, the tip shape of the protrusions in the sliding direction does not protrude at an acute angle, and the edge effect of the lubricating oil is exhibited. It is preferable that the shape of the protruding portion is a circular shape or a shape similar to a rectangular shape parallel to the sliding direction so as to be possible (see FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 described later).
【００２２】さらに、前述の建設機械の作業機ブッシュ
においては、一般的にはグリース潤滑が採用され、使用
中にグリースがブッシュ両端面から流出し、長期間の連
続使用においては潤滑切れが起こりやすいことと、作業
機ブッシュでは偏荷重が働きやすくブッシュ両端面近傍
でより高面圧になるため、本発明においては、一つ以上
の端部が連続した突出部として形成される構造とするの
が好ましい。Further, in the above-mentioned working machine bush of the construction machine, grease lubrication is generally adopted, and grease flows out from both end surfaces of the bush during use, and lubrication is likely to be lost in continuous use for a long period of time. In addition, in the working machine bush, an eccentric load is likely to be exerted and a higher surface pressure is generated in the vicinity of both end surfaces of the bush. Therefore, in the present invention, one or more end portions are formed as continuous protrusions. preferable.
【００２３】また、前記連続する凹部を単なる油溜まり
とするだけでなく、本発明は、この複層焼結摺動部材の
製造に際して、突出部の焼結接合状態および／または突
出部を最終厚さになる前の各種厚さに圧延加工した状態
の連続した凹部に焼結時において膨張する銅合金焼結粉
末を充填した後に、圧延−焼結または焼結−圧延の工程
により突出部を最終厚さになるようにして突出部と焼結
接合させ、気孔率を２０〜７０体積％の範囲に任意に制
御し、含油性の優れた多孔質焼結部を形成させたり、さ
らに黒鉛など固体潤滑剤を多く含有するＣｕ系自己潤滑
焼結摺動部材を形成することなどによって突出部の強度
を脆弱化させることなく、潤滑条件のきわめて厳しい作
業機ブッシュなどで使用できる複層焼結摺動部材とその
安価な製造方法を提供するものである。Further, the present invention is not limited to the case where the continuous concave portion is simply an oil reservoir, and in the present invention, when the multilayer sintered sliding member is manufactured, the projecting portion is sintered and joined and / or the projecting portion has a final thickness. After filling copper alloy sintered powder that expands during sintering into continuous recesses that have been rolled into various thicknesses before rolling, the protruding parts are finalized by the process of rolling-sintering or sintering-rolling. It is sintered and joined to the protrusion so as to have a thickness, and the porosity is arbitrarily controlled in the range of 20 to 70% by volume to form a porous sintered part having excellent oil impregnation property, and further solid such as graphite. Multi-layer sintered sliding that can be used in work machine bushes with extremely strict lubrication conditions without weakening the strength of the protrusions by forming a Cu-based self-lubricating sintered sliding member that contains a large amount of lubricant. Parts and their inexpensive manufacturing methods It is intended to provide.
【００２４】とりわけ本発明の複層焼結摺動部材におい
ては、焼結層厚さが一体焼結体の摺動材料に較ベて薄く
設定されることから、上述の多孔質における含有量が少
なくなることを改善するために気孔率を顕著に高め、さ
らに多孔質部を摺動面において全て連続させることによ
って、作業機ブッシュのように常にほぼ一定の摺動面部
で往復摺動するような潤滑条件の厳しい円筒状ブッシュ
においても接触部位に他の部位からの潤滑油の供給が可
能となり、長時間の給脂間隔を達成することが可能とな
った。In particular, in the multilayer sintered sliding member of the present invention, since the thickness of the sintered layer is set smaller than that of the sliding material of the integrally sintered body, the content in the above-mentioned porous material is The porosity is remarkably increased to improve the decrease, and the porous part is made continuous on all sliding surfaces, so that it reciprocally slides on an almost constant sliding surface part like a working machine bush. Even in a cylindrical bush with severe lubrication conditions, it is possible to supply lubricating oil from other parts to the contact part, and it is possible to achieve a long lubrication interval.
【００２５】上述の多孔質銅系焼結材料を散布して焼結
する際において、多孔質銅系焼結材料が収縮する際には
突出部や裏金との接合性が確保できない問題が発生する
ので、特開平８−２９１３０６号公報に開示されている
ように、少なくともＡｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｔｉ，Ｃｒ，Ｍｎ，Ｆ
ｅの１種以上の膨張成分が含有されるか、またはＳｉＯ
2，Ａｌ2Ｏ3，黒鉛などの収縮防止成分との組み合わせ
によって実施されるのが好ましい（特開平８−２９１３
０６公報の図３，６，７，１４，１５，２２等を参
照）。When the above-mentioned porous copper-based sintered material is sprinkled and sintered, when the porous copper-based sintered material shrinks, there arises a problem that the bondability with the protrusion and the back metal cannot be ensured. Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-291306, at least Al, Si, Ti, Cr, Mn, F
e) containing one or more expansive components, or SiO
It is preferably carried out in combination with a shrinkage-preventing component such as 2 , Al 2 O 3 and graphite (JP-A-8-2913).
(See FIGS. 3, 6, 7, 14, 15, 22 and the like of Publication 06).
【００２６】さらにより低コスト化を図る場合には鉄相
が主体となるようにすることが可能であり、例えば後述
のＣｕを１５〜６０重量％含有するＦｅ系焼結インサー
ト層材料成分を多孔質焼結材料とすることも好ましいこ
とである。気孔率を高めるためには穴部に充填する合金
混合粉末として電解銅粉末や還元鉄粉末を用いた混合粉
末を使用することが好ましい。In order to further reduce the cost, it is possible to make the iron phase predominant. For example, the Fe-based sintered insert layer material component containing 15 to 60% by weight of Cu described later is porous. It is also preferable to use a high quality sintered material. In order to increase the porosity, it is preferable to use a mixed powder containing electrolytic copper powder or reduced iron powder as the alloy mixed powder filled in the holes.
【００２７】黒鉛が固体潤滑剤として有効なことは周知
のことであり、またＳｉＯ2などの硬質粒子が凝着防止
に有効なこともすでに公知であり、本摺動部材には積極
的に添加されて良い成分系と考えられる。It is well known that graphite is effective as a solid lubricant, and it has already been known that hard particles such as SiO 2 are effective in preventing adhesion, and therefore positively added to this sliding member. It is considered to be a good ingredient system.
【００２８】本発明の構成としては一般的には、突出部
の摺動面積率を７０〜３０面積％に減じていることか
ら、適用条件によってはより耐高面圧性と耐焼き付き性
を改善することが必要であり、実績的には前述のように
高力黄銅系材料を適用することが考えられるが、この場
合においては、Ｚｎを高温度に含有する高力黄銅系焼結
材料を焼結する際には、Ｚｎの蒸気圧が極めて高く（Ｚ
ｎの沸点温度は９０５℃）、かつ酸化性が高いことから
高密度に焼結することが困難である。Since the sliding area ratio of the protrusion is generally reduced to 70 to 30 area% as the constitution of the present invention, the high surface pressure resistance and the seizure resistance are improved depending on the application conditions. It is necessary to apply high-strength brass-based material as described above, but in this case, high-strength brass-based sintered material containing Zn at high temperature is sintered. Vapor pressure of Zn is extremely high (Z
Since the boiling point temperature of n is 905 ° C.) and it has a high oxidizing property, it is difficult to sinter it in high density.
【００２９】そこで本発明では、焼結によって少なくと
もＰｂとの金属間化合物を分散・析出させるＴｉ，Ｍｇ
等を含有させることによって耐焼き付き性に優れ、かつ
耐摩耗性にも優れた高力黄銅材に代わるＣｕ−Ｐｂ−Ｔ
ｉ，−Ｍｇ系焼結摺動材料を発明し、高面圧下での摺動
特性を改善した。より詳しくは、従来の鉛青銅系摺動材
料でＰｂが単に金属成分として分散析出されていたもの
をＰｂ系金属間化合物の形態で分散させることによっ
て、特に前述の潤滑条件が過酷で高面圧下での摺動特性
を画期的に改善できることを見出したことにある。Therefore, in the present invention, Ti and Mg which disperse and precipitate at least an intermetallic compound with Pb by sintering.
Cu-Pb-T, which is an alternative to the high-strength brass material that has excellent seizure resistance and abrasion resistance by including
The inventor of the i, -Mg-based sintered sliding material has improved the sliding characteristics under high surface pressure. More specifically, the conventional lead bronze-based sliding material, in which Pb was simply dispersed and precipitated as a metal component, is dispersed in the form of a Pb-based intermetallic compound, so that the above-mentioned lubricating conditions are particularly severe and high surface pressure reduction is achieved. It has been found that the sliding characteristics in can be remarkably improved.
【００３０】なお、銅系摺動材料としては、少なくとも
Ｐｂを１〜３０重量％を含有させると共にＰｂとの金属
間化合物形成能の強い元素である図４に示されている周
期律表の１Ａ，２Ａ，３Ａ，４Ａ，６Ｂ族およびランタ
ニド、アクチニド系の元素類との組み合わせが考えられ
るが、コスト的な観点と入手性を考慮するとＴｉ，Ｍ
ｇ，Ｃａ，Ｂａ，Ｚｒ，Ｌｉ，Ｈｆ，Ｌａ，Ｔｅ，Ｓ
ｅ，Ｓｍ等が好ましいことが分かり、とりわけＴｉ，Ｍ
ｇ，Ｚｒ等は特に上述の観点から好ましい。さらに、上
述の金属元素以外の元素においてもＰｂ金属間化合物を
形成する場合には、同様の効果が期待される。また、こ
の際の前記金属元素の添加量は、Ｐｂ金属間化合物が例
えばＣａＰｂ3のようなモル構成比を取ることから計算
されるものであるが、ほぼ０．５重量％以上の添加を必
要とする。As the copper-based sliding material, 1A of the periodic table shown in FIG. 4 which contains at least 1 to 30% by weight of Pb and has a strong ability to form an intermetallic compound with Pb is used. , 2A, 3A, 4A, 6B group and lanthanide, actinide series elements may be considered, but in view of cost and availability, Ti, M
g, Ca, Ba, Zr, Li, Hf, La, Te, S
It has been found that e, Sm, etc. are preferable, especially Ti, M
g, Zr and the like are particularly preferable from the above viewpoint. Further, when an Pb intermetallic compound is formed with an element other than the above-mentioned metallic elements, the same effect is expected. The amount of the metallic element added at this time is calculated from the fact that the Pb intermetallic compound has a molar composition ratio such as CaPb 3 , but it is necessary to add approximately 0.5% by weight or more. And
【００３１】したがって、上述の強度的な改善と摺動特
性の改善およびコスト的な観点からは、Ｔｉ，Ｍｇを
０．５〜１０重量％の範囲内で含有し、さらに裏金との
接合性を確保するためと焼結性を容易にするためとか
ら、Ｓｎを２〜８重量％の範囲において含有する青銅系
焼結摺動材料がとりわけ重要である。Therefore, from the viewpoint of the above-mentioned improvement in strength, improvement in sliding characteristics, and cost, Ti and Mg are contained in the range of 0.5 to 10% by weight, and the bondability with the backing metal is further improved. A bronze-based sintered sliding material containing Sn in a range of 2 to 8% by weight is particularly important from the viewpoints of securing and facilitating sinterability.
【００３２】適正なＴｉ，Ｍｇの添加量の上限値はコス
ト的な観点から１０重量％以内で調整することが好まし
い。また、Ｐｂの添加量は摺動部の安定性の観点から１
重量％以上が好ましく、また上限値は強度的な観点から
１０重量％以下であることが好ましい。さらに、Ｔｉを
含有する銅系材では、ＴｉとＰｂとの金属間化合物以外
のＴｉ系金属間化合物を析出する反応性があり、時効硬
化性のあることで知られているが、さらにＡｌ，Ｎｉ，
Ｓｉ，Ｆｅ，Ｍｎ，Ｃｒ，Ｂｅ，Ｃｏ，Ｚｎ等の合金元
素を添加することによって強度向上や高硬度化が更に図
れることが知られており、焼結性を阻害しない範囲で添
加調整されることも適正と考えられる。From the viewpoint of cost, it is preferable to adjust the appropriate upper limits of the amounts of addition of Ti and Mg within 10% by weight. Further, the amount of Pb added is 1 from the viewpoint of stability of the sliding portion.
It is preferably not less than 10% by weight, and the upper limit is preferably not more than 10% by weight from the viewpoint of strength. Further, a copper-based material containing Ti is known to have reactivity for precipitating Ti-based intermetallic compounds other than the intermetallic compound of Ti and Pb and has age hardening property. Ni,
It is known that the addition of alloying elements such as Si, Fe, Mn, Cr, Be, Co and Zn can further improve strength and hardness, and the addition and adjustment are performed within a range that does not impair sinterability. It is also considered appropriate.
【００３３】本発明のＰｂ金属間化合物形成能の強い金
属元素の添加は、Ｃｕ系焼結合金組織の微細化や、結果
的であるが均一なＰｂの分散を可能にして、極めて優れ
た摺動性を発揮することにも寄与していることは明らか
である。The addition of a metal element having a strong ability to form a Pb intermetallic compound according to the present invention makes the structure of the Cu-based sintered alloy finer and, as a result, makes it possible to disperse the Pb uniformly, resulting in an extremely excellent sliding property. It is clear that it also contributes to exerting motility.
【００３４】なお、適正なＴｉの添加量としてはＴｉ系
金属間化合物が析出する０．５重量％以上が好ましく、
上限値はコスト的な観点から１０重量％以内で調整する
ことが好ましい。とりわけ高面圧下で使用する前述の作
業機ブッシュ等では高力黄銅ブッシュの硬度実績（Ｈｖ
＝１５０以上）から勘案して２重量％以上であることが
より好ましい。The proper addition amount of Ti is preferably 0.5% by weight or more at which Ti-based intermetallic compounds are precipitated,
It is preferable to adjust the upper limit within 10% by weight from the viewpoint of cost. Especially in the above-mentioned working machine bushes used under high surface pressure, the hardness of the high strength brass bush (Hv
= 150 or more), more preferably 2% by weight or more.
【００３５】また、Ｐｂの添加量は摺動部の安定性の観
点から考慮した場合には、従来の硬質粒子分散型摺動材
料において硬質粒子の効果が０．５体積％程度の粒子量
の分散によって顕著に認められることから、Ｐｂ金属間
化合物に換算した１重量％以上が好ましい。また、上限
値は従来のＰｂ単独添加に比べ、Ｐｂ系金属間化合物と
して分散析出させることから、強度的な劣化が少なく、
かつ固体潤滑剤としての添加効果が２５体積％以上にお
いて飽和する傾向にあることから、かなりの添加を可能
とするが、焼結時の環境上の観点から３０重量％以下と
するのが好ましく、より好ましくは１５重量％の範囲内
で抑えるのが良い。When the amount of Pb added is taken into consideration from the viewpoint of the stability of the sliding portion, the effect of hard particles in the conventional hard particle-dispersed sliding material is about 0.5% by volume. Since it is remarkably recognized by dispersion, it is preferably 1% by weight or more in terms of Pb intermetallic compound. In addition, the upper limit of the Pb-based intermetallic compound is dispersed and precipitated as compared with the conventional addition of Pb alone, so that there is little deterioration in strength,
Moreover, since the effect of addition as a solid lubricant tends to be saturated at 25% by volume or more, it is possible to add a considerable amount, but it is preferably 30% by weight or less from the viewpoint of the environment at the time of sintering, More preferably, it should be suppressed within the range of 15% by weight.
【００３６】また、本発明では、前述のように突出部を
効率的に潤滑油で冷却する構造を採用することによっ
て、焼結摺動材料としては耐馴染み性に優れた上述の銅
系摺動材料だけでなく、耐焼き付き性は劣るが耐摩耗性
に優れ、低コストな鉄を主成分とする鉄系焼結摺動材料
が適用できるようにした。この鉄系焼結摺動材料として
は、裏金への焼結接合性を配慮してＣｕを１５〜６０重
量％、Ｓｎを２〜７重量％含有することをベースに、Ｐ
ｂをはじめとして各種の目的に適した成分に配合した材
料が適用できる。とりわけ上述のようにＰｂ金属間化合
物形成能の強いＭｇ等を含有させることによって、鉄系
摺動材料中のＣｕ相に作用してＰｂが細かく分散し摺動
特性が改善されることは明らかである。Further, in the present invention, by adopting the structure in which the protruding portion is efficiently cooled by the lubricating oil as described above, the above-mentioned copper-based sliding which is excellent in familiarity as a sintered sliding material is adopted. Not only the material but also the iron-based sintered sliding material containing iron as a main component, which has low seizure resistance but is excellent in wear resistance and low cost, can be applied. As the iron-based sintered sliding material, in consideration of the sintering bondability to the back metal, Cu is contained in an amount of 15 to 60% by weight and Sn is included in an amount of 2 to 7% by weight.
Materials mixed with components suitable for various purposes including b can be applied. In particular, it is clear that by incorporating Mg or the like having a strong Pb intermetallic compound forming ability as described above, Pb is finely dispersed by acting on the Cu phase in the iron-based sliding material, and sliding characteristics are improved. is there.
【００３７】本発明の複層焼結摺動部材の製造に際して
は、鉄系裏金との接合時に、まず鉄系裏金面上に例えば
上述の突出部を形成させるために、例えば図２に示され
る所定の厚さの穴あきメタルシート（黒部：メタル、白
部：穴部）を重ねあわせて、その上から上述の銅系焼結
合金の混合粉末を散布して穴あきメタルシートの穴部に
その粉末を充填した後、まず中性雰囲気、真空雰囲気も
しくは還元雰囲気中で焼結接合して、穴あきメタルシー
トをはずしてから、一旦圧延成形等の加圧手段でもって
上述の銅系、鉄系摺動焼結層を目的の密度あるいは厚さ
になるように加工し（または同時に曲げ加工を施した後
に）、再度上述の雰囲気下で焼結することによって複層
焼結摺動部材を高密度化して製造することが好ましい。
また、再度厚さの微調整のための軽圧延を施した後に、
例えば円筒形ブッシュとする場合には曲げ加工して製造
することも好ましい。In the production of the multi-layer sintered sliding member of the present invention, at the time of joining with the iron-based backing metal, first, for example, the above-mentioned protrusions are formed on the surface of the iron-based backing metal, as shown in FIG. 2, for example. Stack perforated metal sheets of the specified thickness (black part: metal, white part: hole part) and sprinkle the mixed powder of the above-mentioned copper-based sintered alloy on top of it, and perforate the hole part of the perforated metal sheet. After filling the powder, first, sinter-bond in a neutral atmosphere, a vacuum atmosphere or a reducing atmosphere, remove the perforated metal sheet, and then temporarily press the copper-based or iron The multi-layer sintered sliding member is processed by processing the system-based sliding sintered layer so that it has the desired density or thickness (or after bending at the same time) and then sintering it again in the above atmosphere. It is preferable to manufacture by densifying.
In addition, after performing light rolling for fine adjustment of the thickness again,
For example, in the case of a cylindrical bush, it is also preferable to manufacture by bending.
【００３８】なお、前述のＴｉ，Ｐｂを含有する銅系焼
結摺動材料を複層焼結摺動部材とする場合には、第１回
目の焼結温度は、少なくともＣｕ−Ｔｉ２元系の共晶温
度である８９０℃以下の温度に抑えることが好ましい。
この理由は、この焼結によって鉄系裏金との接合界面に
おいてＴｉ化合物が析出して、後の曲げ加工時における
接合界面での剥離を抑制するためであり、第２回目の焼
結温度は、曲げ加工を施した後の場合には９５０℃以下
の温度が好ましく、また曲げ加工でなく単に密度調整の
加工の場合にはやはり８９０℃以下での焼結が好まし
く、この焼結後に目的の９５０℃以下の焼結温度で再々
焼結することが好ましい。When the above-mentioned copper-based sintered sliding material containing Ti and Pb is used as a multilayer sintered sliding member, the first sintering temperature is at least that of Cu-Ti binary system. It is preferable to suppress the temperature to 890 ° C. or lower, which is the eutectic temperature.
The reason for this is that the Ti compound is precipitated at the bonding interface with the iron-based backing metal by this sintering and the peeling at the bonding interface during the subsequent bending process is suppressed, and the second sintering temperature is After bending, a temperature of 950 ° C or lower is preferable, and in the case of simply adjusting the density instead of bending, sintering at 890 ° C or lower is preferable. It is preferable to perform re-sintering at a sintering temperature of ℃ or less.
【００３９】さらに、ここで用いる穴あきメタルシート
は、ステンレスなどの鋼製パンチングメタルシートを利
用すると入手性や再利用性が良いが、例えば樹脂製、紙
製等であっても問題なく利用することができる。Further, as the perforated metal sheet used here, if a punching metal sheet made of steel such as stainless steel is used, the availability and reusability are good. However, even if it is made of resin or paper, it can be used without any problem. be able to.
【００４０】なお、上述の穴あきメタルシートを用いた
方法の他にも、独立した突出部摺動材料を形成するに
は、例えばロータリプレスなどの加圧機を使って成形し
た焼結摺動材料の成形体を裏金上に複数配置して焼結接
合することによって、独立した突出部で形成される連続
した凹部も成形できる。また、成形体の形状を考慮し
て、成形体の一端部以上が連続するように裏金上に配列
させ、焼結接合させることによって、上述とは逆に連続
した突出部によって形成された独立した凹部を成形する
こともできる。In addition to the method using the perforated metal sheet described above, in order to form an independent protruding portion sliding material, for example, a sintered sliding material formed by using a pressing machine such as a rotary press is used. By arranging a plurality of the above-mentioned molded bodies on the backing metal and performing sinter-bonding, continuous recesses formed by independent protruding portions can also be molded. Further, in consideration of the shape of the molded body, the molded body is arranged on the backing metal so that one end or more of the molded body is continuous, and is sintered and bonded. It is also possible to form the recess.
【００４１】さらに、例えば粉末シート法でシート成形
したものおよび／または仮焼結したシートにパンチ加工
を施した方法なども好ましい考え方である。なお、以上
のほかにも裏金上に焼結摺動材料粉末を接合焼結した後
に機械加工によって摺動材料層を加工する方法が考えら
れるが、機械加工コストが高価になることと摺動材料の
歩留まりが悪いためにあまり好ましい方法ではない。Further, for example, a method of punching a sheet formed by a powder sheet method and / or a temporarily sintered sheet is also a preferable idea. In addition to the above, it is conceivable to machine the sliding material layer by joining and sintering the sintered sliding material powder on the back metal, but the machining cost becomes high and the sliding material Is not a very preferable method because of poor yield.
【００４２】また、上述の突出部を１回目に焼結接合し
た後連続する凹部に焼結粉末を散布するか、その突出部
を最終厚さに調整する前の各種の厚さの状態に圧延した
後に、連続する凹部に焼結粉末を散布し、凹部散布焼結
材を突出部や裏金に焼結接合した後に突出部を最終厚さ
に調整することによって２０〜７０体積％の気孔率に調
整した多孔質焼結体を埋め込んだ複層焼結摺動部材を製
造することが好ましい。とりわけ凹部に多孔質焼結層を
突出部と裏金に焼結接合させて、例えば円筒ブッシュ製
造における曲げ加工時に剥離させないためには、多孔質
焼結層材料が焼結時において膨張することが必要であ
り、前述のように特開平８−２９１３０６号公報に開示
した合金成分やＳｉＯ2，Ａｌ2Ｏ3および黒鉛等の組み
合わせによって調整することが好ましい。Further, after the above-mentioned protruding portion is sintered and joined for the first time, the sintered powder is sprinkled in the continuous recesses, or the protruding portion is rolled into various thicknesses before being adjusted to the final thickness. After that, the sintered powder is sprayed to the continuous recesses, and the recessed material is sintered and bonded to the protrusions and the back metal, and then the protrusions are adjusted to the final thickness to obtain a porosity of 20 to 70% by volume. It is preferable to manufacture a multilayer sintered sliding member in which the adjusted porous sintered body is embedded. In particular, in order to sinter and bond the porous sintered layer to the protrusion and the back metal in the concave portion and to prevent the porous sintered layer from being peeled off during bending, for example, in manufacturing a cylindrical bush, it is necessary that the porous sintered layer material expands during sintering As described above, it is preferable to adjust by the combination of the alloy components, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and graphite disclosed in JP-A-8-291306.
【００４３】さらにまた、本発明での構成として上述の
Ｔｉ，Ｐｂを含有する銅系焼結摺動材料のように金属間
化合物を内組織に含み、鉄系裏金に焼結接合する際に裏
金との接合界面に金属間化合物を析出させる焼結摺動材
料を裏金に一体化させてなる本発明の複層焼結摺動部材
を製造する際において、焼結インサート層を介して接合
することによってより曲げ加工時の接合界面での塑性変
形能を高めて、生産性の向上と接合品質の向上を図り、
かつ高価な焼結摺動部材を使用するときのコストの低減
を図ることは非常に好ましいことである。Further, as a constitution of the present invention, an inner structure contains an intermetallic compound such as the above-mentioned copper-based sintered sliding material containing Ti and Pb, and the back metal is used for sinter-bonding to the iron-based back metal. When manufacturing a multilayer sintered sliding member of the present invention in which a sintered sliding material for precipitating an intermetallic compound at the bonding interface with is integrated with the back metal, bonding through a sintered insert layer By increasing the plastic deformability at the joint interface during bending, we aim to improve productivity and joint quality.
In addition, it is highly desirable to reduce the cost when using an expensive sintered sliding member.
【００４４】また、本発明での構成として上述の焼結イ
ンサート層を鉄系焼結材料とすることによって焼結イン
サート層部の顕著な材料コストの低減を図った。鉄系焼
結インサート層用合金としては、一般冶金用に使用され
る還元および／またはアトマイズ法で制作された鉄、鉄
合金粉末を主体として、少なくとも銅が２０〜６０重量
％、Ｓｎが２〜７重量％の範囲に調整されていることが
好ましい。さらに、この鉄系焼結インサート合金にはＰ
ｂ，Ｐ等のより低融点の液相を発生させる成分が含有さ
れていることがさらに好ましい。Further, as the constitution of the present invention, the above-mentioned sintered insert layer is made of an iron-based sintered material, so that the material cost of the sintered insert layer portion is remarkably reduced. The iron-based sintered insert layer alloy is mainly composed of iron and iron alloy powder produced by the reduction and / or atomization method used for general metallurgy, and contains at least 20 to 60% by weight of copper and 2 to 20% of Sn. It is preferably adjusted in the range of 7% by weight. Furthermore, this iron-based sintered insert alloy has P
It is more preferable to contain a component such as b or P that generates a liquid phase having a lower melting point.
【００４５】インサート層の成形方法としては、インサ
ート層材料粉末を散布後に（１）穴あけメタルシートを
セットして更に上述の銅系焼結摺動材料粉末を散布する
方式（二相散布方式）、（２）インサート層を焼結接合
してその上に穴あけメタルシートをセットして銅系焼結
摺動材料粉末を散布する方式および（３）インサート層
を焼結後に圧延などの加工処理を施した後、銅系焼結摺
動材料粉末を散布する方式等いろいろと考えられるが、
好ましくは（３）の方式を採用するのが良い。As a method of molding the insert layer, (1) a method of setting a perforated metal sheet after spraying the insert layer material powder and further spraying the above-mentioned copper-based sintered sliding material powder (two-phase spray method), (2) A method in which the insert layer is sintered and joined, and a perforated metal sheet is set on the insert layer, and the copper-based sintered sliding material powder is dispersed, and (3) the insert layer is subjected to processing such as rolling after sintering. After that, various methods such as spraying copper-based sintered sliding material powder are possible,
It is preferable to adopt the method (3).
【００４６】前記複層焼結摺動材料において、独立する
突出部を第１回目に焼結接合した後に圧延加工を施すこ
とによって突出部表面部が塑性流れを起こし、最終厚さ
までの圧延状態によって突出部がキノコ状になることか
ら（図５参照）、連続する凹部に含油プラスチックおよ
び／または黒鉛，ＭｏＳ2等の固体潤滑剤を詰め込む場
合には、このキノコ状の突出部が顕著なアンカー効果を
発揮して、連続給脂のできない摺動部材に適用できるこ
とは明らかであり、より低コストの複層焼結摺動部材が
製造できることも本発明の特徴点である。In the above-mentioned multilayer sintered sliding material, when the independent protrusions are sintered and joined for the first time and then rolled, a plastic flow occurs on the surface portions of the protrusions, depending on the rolling state up to the final thickness. Since the protrusions are mushroom-shaped (see FIG. 5), when the oil-containing plastic and / or solid lubricants such as graphite and MoS 2 are packed in the continuous recesses, the mushroom-shaped protrusions have a remarkable anchoring effect. It is clear that the present invention can be applied to a sliding member that cannot perform continuous greasing, and that it is also a feature of the present invention that a lower cost multilayer sintered sliding member can be manufactured.
【００４７】前述のように本発明によれば、複数個の独
立し、突出した摺動部を設けて、周囲を連続した凹部で
の潤滑油による積極的な潤滑、冷却、摩耗粉の排除を効
果的に改善することによって、厳しい摺動条件下におい
ても耐焼き付き性や異音の発生防止を画期的に改善する
ことができた。As described above, according to the present invention, by providing a plurality of independent and protruding sliding portions, active lubrication, cooling, and elimination of abrasion powder by the lubricating oil in the recesses continuous around the periphery are provided. By effectively improving it, we were able to dramatically improve seizure resistance and prevention of abnormal noise even under severe sliding conditions.
【００４８】さらに、連続した凹部に２０〜７０体積％
の気孔率を含む多孔質焼結体を焼結接合することによっ
て潤滑油の保油性を高めたり、固体潤滑剤の黒鉛を多く
含有させることによって自己潤滑性を高めるなどの多機
能な複層焼結摺動部材の製造方法を提供することができ
た。またさらに、インサート層を介して各種摺動材の突
出部を設けることによって、耐摩耗性や無給脂潤滑性に
優れた複層焼結摺動部材を低コストに提供することがで
きた。Further, 20 to 70% by volume in the continuous recesses.
Multi-layered multi-layer firing that increases the oil retention of the lubricating oil by sinter-bonding the porous sintered body containing the porosity of A method of manufacturing a binding / sliding member can be provided. Furthermore, by providing the protrusions of various sliding materials via the insert layer, it was possible to provide a multilayer sintered sliding member having excellent wear resistance and non-lubricant lubrication at low cost.
【００４９】[0049]
【実施例】次に、本発明による複層焼結摺動部材とその
製造方法の具体的な実施例につき、図面を参照しつつ説
明する。EXAMPLES Specific examples of the multilayer sintered sliding member and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
【００５０】（１）実施例１：穴あけメタルシートを用
いた複層摺動部材の摺動特性（開孔率６２．５面積％一
定）について 〜最大長さの確認（銅系摺動材料、鉄系
摺動材料の焼結実験）〜
表１に、本実施例の複層焼結摺動材料に使用した合金組
成が示されている。これらの摺動材料は、ＬＢＣ（福田
金属製：Ｃｕ−１０Ｓｎ−１０Ｐｂ合金）アトマイズ粉
末，電解粉末（福田金属製：ＣＥ１５），還元鉄粉末
（川崎製鉄製：ＫＩＰ２５５Ｍ），Ｐｂアトマイズ粉
末，Ｓｎアトマイズ粉末を用いて混合し、組成調整した
ものである。(1) Example 1: Sliding characteristics of a multi-layer sliding member using a perforated metal sheet (aperture ratio 62.5 area% constant) -confirmation of maximum length (copper-based sliding material, Sintering experiment of iron-based sliding material) -Table 1 shows the alloy composition used for the multilayer sintered sliding material of the present example. These sliding materials include LBC (Fukuda Metal: Cu-10Sn-10Pb alloy) atomized powder, electrolytic powder (Fukuda Metal: CE15), reduced iron powder (Kawasaki Steel: KIP255M), Pb atomized powder, Sn atomized. The composition was adjusted by mixing with powder.
【００５１】[0051]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００５２】複層摺動部材に使用する裏金としては板厚
５ｍｍ，幅１５０ｍｍ，長さ１０００ｍｍのＳ４５Ｃ鋼
板を用いて、また焼結摺動部材の突出部を形成させる方
法としては、厚さ４ｍｍのＳＵＳ３０４ステンレス製穴
あきメタルシートを先の鋼板上に配置して、穴部に上述
の焼結摺動材料粉末を摺り切り散布した。なお、図１に
示されているように、穴あき部の面積率はすべて６２．
５面積％に統一し、穴部の直径を５，１０，１５，２０
ｍｍの４水準を選び、各ピッチ間距離を調整した（Ｐ＝
６，１２，１８，２４ｍｍ）。散布後は、露天が−３５
℃のＡＸガス雰囲気焼結炉で、Ｎｏ．１合金は８３０℃
で、Ｎｏ．２鉄系合金は８８０℃で焼結接合して、突出
部を１．５ｍｍに圧延した後に再度同じ各温度で再焼結
して複層焼結摺動部材を製作した。As the backing metal used for the multi-layer sliding member, an S45C steel plate having a plate thickness of 5 mm, a width of 150 mm and a length of 1000 mm is used, and a method of forming the protrusion of the sintered sliding member is 4 mm in thickness. The SUS304 stainless steel perforated metal sheet of No. 1 was placed on the above steel plate, and the above-mentioned sintered sliding material powder was scraped and scattered in the holes. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the area ratios of the perforated portions are all 62.
Unify to 5 area% and make the diameter of the hole 5, 10, 15, 20
4 levels of mm were selected and the distance between each pitch was adjusted (P =
6, 12, 18, 24 mm). After spraying, the outside temperature is -35.
In an AX gas atmosphere sintering furnace at 0 ° C. 830 ℃ for one alloy
No. The two iron-based alloys were sinter-bonded at 880 ° C., the protrusion was rolled to 1.5 mm, and then re-sintered at the same temperature to produce a multilayer sintered sliding member.
【００５３】さらに、摺動試験用に図６に示されている
円筒形ブッシュに曲げ加工してＴＩＧ溶接し、後加工を
施して試験ブッシュを製作した。また、比較材として穴
あきメタルシートを用いず均一な焼結摺動材料を接合焼
結した複層焼結摺動部材を用いて同じ試験用円筒状ブッ
シュを製作した。ただし、これらのブッシュには摺動面
に後加工によって溝加工を施している。Further, for a sliding test, a cylindrical bush shown in FIG. 6 was bent, TIG-welded, and post-processed to manufacture a test bush. Also, the same test cylindrical bush was manufactured using a multilayer sintered sliding member obtained by joining and sintering a uniform sintered sliding material without using a perforated metal sheet as a comparative material. However, the sliding surface of these bushes is grooved by post-processing.
【００５４】図７には、摺動試験装置の概念図が示され
ている。この摺動試験装置は、円筒状ブッシュを回転さ
せながら（周速１．５ｍ／ｓｅｃ）、シャフト部に荷董
をかけ、封入オイルの潤滑下で摺動特性（摩擦係数、摩
粍量）を図るものである。ブッシュの投影断面積に対す
る面圧を２５ｋｇ／ｍｍ2毎にステップ的に昇圧しなが
ら摩擦係数が異常に高くなる（０・２以上）面圧を調べ
た試験結果が表２に示されている。FIG. 7 shows a conceptual diagram of the sliding test device. This sliding tester applies a load to the shaft while rotating the cylindrical bush (peripheral speed 1.5 m / sec) to measure the sliding characteristics (friction coefficient, abrasion amount) under lubrication of the enclosed oil. It is intended. Table 2 shows the test results of examining the surface pressure at which the friction coefficient becomes abnormally high (0.2 or more) while stepwise increasing the surface pressure with respect to the projected cross-sectional area of the bush every 25 kg / mm 2 .
【００５５】[0055]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００５６】この表２から明らかに、本発明ブッシュは
従来の油溝有りブッシュと比べて優れた結果となってお
り、さらに従来から焼き付き限界性が悪いとされている
鉄系焼結摺動材（Ｎｏ．２）においても優れた特性が得
られた。また、突出部の直径による摺動特性を比較した
場合においては、直径２０ｍｍのものが明らかに他のサ
イズのものに比べて悪くなり、摺動面を観察した結果に
よると摺動方向の最大長さ位置に焼き付き痕が多く観察
され、突出部の摺動方向の最大長さは２０ｍｍ以下で好
ましくは１５ｍｍ以下が良いことが分かる。この摺動方
向での最大長さに関する結果は本実施例１のような突出
部形状が円柱状である場合に限らず、例えば図２に示さ
れるような角状、ダイヤ状等に対しても同様に当てはま
ることは明らかである。It is clear from Table 2 that the bush of the present invention has excellent results as compared with the conventional bush having an oil groove, and further, the ferrous sintered sliding material which has been conventionally considered to have poor seizure limit. Also in (No. 2), excellent characteristics were obtained. Also, when comparing the sliding characteristics depending on the diameter of the protrusion, the one with a diameter of 20 mm is obviously worse than other sizes, and the observation of the sliding surface shows that the maximum length in the sliding direction is It can be seen that a large number of seizure marks are observed in the vertical position, and the maximum length of the protrusion in the sliding direction is 20 mm or less, preferably 15 mm or less. The result regarding the maximum length in the sliding direction is not limited to the case where the shape of the projecting portion is cylindrical as in the first embodiment, and is also applicable to, for example, a square shape, a diamond shape, etc. as shown in FIG. Clearly the same applies.
【００５７】（２）実施例２：突出部面積率の影響につ
いて
図１において円柱状の突出部の直径を１０ｍｍに固定し
てピッチ間距離を調整することによって、突出部の面積
率をほば７４，６２，４０，２２面積％の４水準に変え
て実施例１と同様にしてＮｏ．１の合金を使ってブッシ
ュを製作して、同様の摺動試験を実施した。その結果が
表３にまとめられているが、面積率２２％のものでは荷
重方向での荷重の均一性に限界が生じることもあって、
また実質的な面圧が大きくなることから明らかに耐焼き
付き性が劣るが、その他のレベルにおいては約５０％辺
りに最大の突出効果があると見られる。したがって突出
部の面積率は摺動材料の改善によっても変化するが、基
本的には２５面積％以上であることが好ましく、またそ
の上限は突出部の製法上からして７０面積％以下である
ことが好ましい。(2) Example 2: Influence of protrusion area ratio By fixing the diameter of the columnar protrusion in FIG. 1 to 10 mm and adjusting the distance between the pitches, the area ratio of the protrusions is reduced. Nos. 74, 62, 40, and 22 area% were changed to four levels in the same manner as in Example 1. A bush was manufactured using the alloy of No. 1 and the same sliding test was performed. The results are summarized in Table 3, but if the area ratio is 22%, the uniformity of the load in the load direction may be limited,
Further, the seizure resistance is obviously inferior due to the substantial increase of the surface pressure, but at other levels, it is considered that there is the maximum protruding effect around 50%. Therefore, the area ratio of the protrusion changes depending on the improvement of the sliding material, but basically it is preferably 25% by area or more, and the upper limit is 70% by area or less in view of the manufacturing method of the protrusion. It is preferable.
【００５８】[0058]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００５９】（３）実施例３：凹部多孔質の摺動特性
（作業機ブッシュ）
本実施例では、作業機ブッシュのような潤滑条件の厳し
い摺動材料についての特性調査を行った。使用した摺動
材料組成が表４に示されている。(3) Example 3: Sliding characteristics of porous concave portion (working machine bush) In this example, the characteristics of a sliding material with severe lubrication conditions such as a working machine bush were investigated. The sliding material composition used is shown in Table 4.
【００６０】[0060]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００６１】なお、実施例１で使用した粉末以外に水素
化チタン（ＴｉＨ），Ｍｇアトマイズ粉末，Ａｌアトマ
イズ粉末，人造黒鉛（ＫＳ６）を使用した。比較材料と
しては中越合金社製のＰ３１Ｃ高力黄銅を使用した。製
作した複層焼結摺動部材は突出部の形状をφ１０ｍｍで
面積率がほぼ５３面積％となるように突出部のピッチ間
距離を１３ｍｍとし、実施例１と同様にＮｏ．３〜７の
焼結摺動材料で突出部を焼結接合し、最終厚さになるま
での圧下量の１／２を予備圧延して、次に連続する凹部
に表４のＮｏ．８，９の焼結材料粉末を散布充填した後
に、突出部の厚さがほぼ最終厚さになるまで圧延し、こ
の後それぞれの温度で再焼結して製作し、摺動材料厚さ
が１．５ｍｍとなる内径５０ｍｍの円筒状ブッシュとし
た。この時の凹部焼結層の気孔率は約４５〜５５体積％
に調整されていた。なお、散布前の突出部の予備圧延量
を調整することによって多孔質層の気孔率が種々に調整
できることは明らかであり、気孔率の最大が散布状態の
気孔率に相当することも明らかである。更に、本実施例
のように散布後に直接圧延を実施できることは曲げ加工
してブッシュを製造するまでの焼結回数を少なくとも１
回省略できることになり、これはコスト低減に寄与する
ことであって、本製造方法の特徴でもある。しかし、特
性的には散布後焼結して最終圧延を施しても変わらない
ことも明らかである。In addition to the powder used in Example 1, titanium hydride (TiH), Mg atomized powder, Al atomized powder, and artificial graphite (KS6) were used. As a comparative material, P31C high strength brass manufactured by Chuetsu Alloy Co., Ltd. was used. In the produced multilayer sintered sliding member, the pitch distance between the protrusions was 13 mm so that the shape of the protrusion was φ10 mm and the area ratio was approximately 53% by area. The protrusions were sintered and joined with the sintered sliding materials of Nos. 3 to 7, and 1/2 of the reduction amount until the final thickness was pre-rolled, and No. 3 in Table 4 was formed in the next continuous recess. After scatter-filling the sintering material powders Nos. 8 and 9 and rolling, the protrusions were rolled until the thickness became almost the final thickness, and then re-sintered at each temperature to manufacture. A cylindrical bush having an inner diameter of 50 mm and a diameter of 1.5 mm was used. At this time, the porosity of the recessed part sintered layer is about 45 to 55% by volume.
Was adjusted to. Incidentally, it is clear that the porosity of the porous layer can be variously adjusted by adjusting the amount of preliminary rolling of the protrusion before spraying, and it is also clear that the maximum porosity corresponds to the porosity in the sprayed state. . Furthermore, the fact that the rolling can be carried out directly after the spraying as in this embodiment means that the number of sinterings before bending to manufacture the bush is at least 1.
This can be omitted, which contributes to cost reduction and is a feature of this manufacturing method. However, it is also clear that the characteristics do not change even after spraying, sintering and final rolling.
【００６２】摺動試験は前述の試験機を使用して行う。
本実施例のブッシュは一旦凹部多孔質層に潤滑油を含浸
させて使用するが、その試験条件を図８に示した。ま
た、試験中は潤滑油を使用せず、グリース充填後は供試
ブッシュの投影面圧が８００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2になるまで１
００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2毎に１００００回の往復摺動をさせな
がら焼き付くまでの摩擦係数、摩耗量、異音の発生を観
察した。なお、比較材としては、図６に示した油溝を
つけたブッシュと、図１に示したような突出部の配置
で、Ｄ＝φ９でピッチ間距離Ｐ＝１２ｍｍの約５０面積
％の穴加工を施して、この穴部に比重１．８５の人造黒
鉛材料を挿入して仕上げたブッシュとを評価した。図９
（摩擦係数変化）、図１０（摩耗量変化）にその結果が
示されている。これらの結果から、凹部含油の効果が明
らかであり、また比較材１の黒鉛埋め込み型と較べて凹
部が連続する本発明部材においては特に優れた特性を示
すことが分かる。The sliding test is carried out using the above-mentioned testing machine.
The bush of this example is used by once impregnating the concave porous layer with lubricating oil, and the test conditions are shown in FIG. Also, do not use any lubricating oil during the test, and after filling with grease, do not exceed 1 until the projected surface pressure of the test bush reaches 800 kg / cm 2.
While sliding back and forth 10,000 times every 00 kg / cm 2, the coefficient of friction until seizure, the amount of wear, and the generation of abnormal noise were observed. In addition, as a comparative material, with a bush having an oil groove shown in FIG. 6 and an arrangement of the protrusions as shown in FIG. 1, a hole of about 50 area% with a pitch distance P = 12 mm and a pitch distance D = φ9. A bush which was machined and finished by inserting an artificial graphite material having a specific gravity of 1.85 into this hole was evaluated. Figure 9
The result is shown in FIG. 10 (change in wear amount) (change in friction coefficient). From these results, it is clear that the effect of oil impregnation in the recesses is clear, and that the member of the present invention in which the recesses are continuous has particularly excellent characteristics as compared with the graphite-embedded type of Comparative Material 1.
【００６３】また、図１１には面圧３００ｋｇ／ｃｍ2
で１０００００回の往復摺動結果が示されているが、比
較材１の油溝ブッシュにおいては約２００００回程度で
グリース潤滑が切れて、異常に摩耗量が多くなった。ま
た、本発明の摺動材料Ｎｏ．４が比較材１の黒鉛埋め込
みブッシュと較べてもきわめて優れた摺動材料であるこ
とが分かる。これはＰｂ化合物形成能の強いＴｉとの共
存によるＰｂおよび／またはＰｂ化合物の微細分散によ
る効果と考えられ、Ｍｇの添加による鉄系摺動部材の改
善も同様な効果と考えられる。Further, FIG. 11 shows a surface pressure of 300 kg / cm 2.
The result of reciprocal sliding of 100,000 times is shown, but in the oil groove bush of Comparative Material 1, the grease lubrication was cut off after about 20,000 times, and the amount of wear increased abnormally. In addition, the sliding material No. It can be seen that No. 4 is an extremely excellent sliding material even compared with the graphite-embedded bush of Comparative Material 1. This is considered to be an effect of fine dispersion of Pb and / or Pb compound due to coexistence with Ti having a strong Pb compound forming ability, and improvement of the iron-based sliding member by addition of Mg is also considered to be the same effect.
【００６４】さらに、銅系摺動材料が高価な場合には、
上述のような鉄系摺動材料を先に裏金上に焼結接合した
後に銅系摺動材料を突出部として焼結接合する組み合わ
せが可能なことは明らかであり、コスト低減に極めて効
果的であることは明らかである。また、銅系摺動材料の
耐摩耗性を改善するためにより多くの金属間化合物を形
成させる場合には、銅系摺動材料と裏金の接合界面に鉄
との金属間化合物が形成されやすくブッシュを製作する
ための曲げ加工時において摺動材料と裏金との剥離が起
こりやすくなるが、上述の焼結インサート層を介在させ
ることによって裏金上での金属間化合物の生成を防止し
て、曲げ加工を容易にする効果があることも明らかであ
る。図１２は、Ｎｏ．８を焼結インサート層に使ってＮ
ｏ．６の銅系摺動材料を裏金に一体化させたときの金属
組織を示したものである。なお、焼結インサート層材料
としては鉄系に限らず、銅系焼結摺動材料と異なる銅系
焼結材料であっても良いことは明らかである。Further, when the copper-based sliding material is expensive,
It is clear that a combination of the above-mentioned iron-based sliding material on the backing metal by sinter-bonding and then copper-based sliding material as the protruding part can be sinter-bonded, which is extremely effective for cost reduction. It is clear that there is. Further, when more intermetallic compounds are formed to improve the wear resistance of the copper-based sliding material, the intermetallic compound with iron is likely to be formed at the bonding interface between the copper-based sliding material and the back metal, and the bushing is likely to be formed. Although the separation of the sliding material and the backing metal is likely to occur during the bending process for manufacturing, the interposition of the above-mentioned sintered insert layer prevents the formation of intermetallic compounds on the backing metal, and It is also clear that it has the effect of facilitating. FIG. 8 for the sintered insert layer and N
o. 7 shows a metallographic structure when the copper-based sliding material of 6 is integrated with a back metal. It is obvious that the material of the sintered insert layer is not limited to the iron-based material, but may be a copper-based sintered material different from the copper-based sintered sliding material.
【図１】図１は、本発明の一実施例による複層焼結摺動
部材の模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multilayer sintered sliding member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図２は、突出部配置例の好ましい態様を示す図
である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a preferred embodiment of an example of arrangement of protrusions.
【図３】図３は、突出部配置例の不適な態様を示す図で
ある。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an unsuitable aspect of the arrangement example of the protruding portions.
【図４】図４は、Ｐｂ金属間化合物を形成する相手金属
元素と周期律表との関係図である。FIG. 4 is a relationship diagram between a partner metal element forming a Pb intermetallic compound and the periodic table.
【図５】図５は、突出部表面部の塑性流れ状態を説明す
る図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a plastic flow state on a surface portion of a protruding portion.
【図６】図６は、供試用ブッシュの形状を示す図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the shape of a test bush.
【図７】図７は、摺動試験装置の概念図である。FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of a sliding test device.
【図８】図８は、摺動試験の試験条件を示す図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing test conditions of a sliding test.
【図９】図９は、面圧に対する摩擦係数変化を示す図で
ある。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a change in friction coefficient with respect to surface pressure.
【図１０】図１０は、面圧に対する摩擦量変化を示す図
である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing changes in friction amount with respect to surface pressure.
【図１１】図１１は、往復摺動試験結果を示す図であ
る。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing results of a reciprocal sliding test.
【図１２】図１２は、焼結インサート層を使って銅系摺
動材料を裏金に一体化させたときの金属組織を示す図で
ある。FIG. 12 is a view showing a metallographic structure when a copper-based sliding material is integrated with a backing metal by using a sintered insert layer.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｃ２２Ｃ 38/00 ３０４ Ｃ２２Ｃ 38/00 ３０４ 38/60 38/60 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI C22C 38/00 304 C22C 38/00 304 38/60 38/60
Claims (21)
度焼結摺動材料よりなる複数個の独立した突出部を焼結
接合してなり、この独立した突出部によって形成される
凹部が連続していることを特徴とする複層焼結摺動部
材。1. A recess formed by sinter-bonding a plurality of independent protrusions made of a high-density sintered sliding material to the surface of a flat plate-shaped backing made of steel. Is a continuous multi-layer sintered sliding member.
する際にその荷重線の全部分が凹部に位置することのな
いように、丸型、角型、スリット型の千鳥配列もしくは
六角形型、ヘリボン配列および／またはこれに類する形
状にて配置されて、均一な荷重点で荷重を支えるように
され、かつ前記凹部は、潤滑油が当該摺動部材の摺動面
に均一に流動するように連続していることを特徴とする
請求項１に記載の複層焼結摺動部材。2. The staggered arrangement of round, square, or slit type protrusions so that the entire portion of the load line is not located in the recess when the load line moves in the sliding direction, or They are arranged in a hexagonal shape, a ribbon arrangement and / or a similar shape so as to support a load at a uniform load point, and the concave portion allows the lubricating oil to uniformly spread on the sliding surface of the sliding member. The multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 1, which is continuous so as to flow.
材であって、一つ以上の端部が連続した突出部として形
成され、内部の凹部における潤滑剤が外部に排出されに
くくすることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の複層焼結摺
動部材。3. A multilayer sintered sliding member for use in a cylindrical bearing, wherein one or more ends are formed as continuous protrusions, and lubricant in internal recesses is less likely to be discharged to the outside. The multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 2, wherein
を埋め込むことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のうちのいず
れかに記載の複層焼結摺動部材。4. The multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 1, wherein a porous copper-based sintering material is embedded in the continuous recesses.
ｌ，Ｓｉ，黒鉛を０．２〜５重量％の範囲内において含
有させ、焼結時における膨張を利用して凸部に焼結接合
することを特徴とする請求項４に記載の複層焼結摺動部
材。5. The porous copper-based sintered material contains at least A
The multilayer firing according to claim 4, characterized in that 1, 2, Si, and graphite are contained in a range of 0.2 to 5% by weight, and sinter-bonded to the convex portion by utilizing expansion during sintering. Bonding sliding member.
〜７０体積％に調整されてなることを特徴とする請求項
４または５に記載の複層焼結摺動部材。6. The porosity of the porous copper-based sintered material is 20.
The multi-layer sintered sliding member according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the multi-layer sintered sliding member is adjusted to 70% by volume.
／または固体潤滑剤を埋め込むことを特徴とする請求項
１〜３のうちのいずれかに記載の複層焼結摺動部材。7. The multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 1, wherein a plastic and / or solid lubricant is embedded in the continuous recess.
Ｐｂを含有するとともに、少なくともＰｂとの金属間化
合物を形成しやすいＴｉ，Ｍｇの１種以上を０．５〜１
０重量％含有し、かつＳｎを２〜８重量％の範囲におい
て含有する鉄系および／または銅系焼結摺動材料である
ことを特徴とする請求項１〜７のうちのいずれかに記載
の複層焼結摺動部材。8. The sintered sliding material contains 1 to 30% by weight of Pb, and 0.5 to 1 of at least one of Ti and Mg that easily forms an intermetallic compound with at least Pb.
It is an iron-based and / or copper-based sintered sliding material containing 0 wt% and Sn in the range of 2 to 8 wt%. Multi-layer sintered sliding member of.
ｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｂｅ，Ｃｒ，Ｍｎ，Ｚｎ等の強化元素もしく
は黒鉛等の潤滑元素および／またはＳｉＯ2，Ｍｏ，Ｗ
等の分散元素の１種以上を含有させることを特徴とする
請求項８に記載の複層焼結摺動部材。9. The copper-based sliding material contains Ti, Ni, A
l, Si, Be, Cr, Mn, Zn and other reinforcing elements or graphite and / or lubricating elements and / or SiO 2 , Mo, W
9. The multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 8, wherein one or more kinds of dispersed elements such as
し、少なくともＦｅ相部が６０体積％以下になるように
Ｃｕを３０〜６０重量％含有し、焼き付きやすいＦｅ相
部が銅合金相やその他の相部によって十分に分断された
組織を有することを特徴とする請求項８に記載の複層焼
結摺動部材。10. The iron-based sintered sliding material is mainly composed of iron, contains 30 to 60% by weight of Cu so that at least the Fe phase portion is 60% by volume or less, and the Fe phase portion which is easily seized is copper. The multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 8, which has a structure sufficiently divided by an alloy phase and other phase portions.
材料と鉄系裏金材との間に焼結インサート層を介在させ
て一体化させたことを特徴とする請求項８〜１０のうち
のいずれかに記載の複層焼結摺動部材。11. A sintered insert layer is interposed between the copper-based and / or iron-based sintered sliding material and the iron-based backing metal material to be integrated with each other. The multilayer sintered sliding member according to any one of the above.
は、鉄を主体とし、少なくともＣｕを１５〜６０重量％
とＳｎを２〜７重量％含有し、更にＰｂを２〜１０重量
％含有する鉄系焼結材料であることを特徴とする請求項
１１に記載の複層焼結摺動部材。12. The material constituting the sintered insert layer is mainly iron and contains at least 15 to 60% by weight of Cu.
The multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 11, which is an iron-based sintered material containing 2 to 7% by weight of Sn and 2 to 10% by weight of Pb.
に重ね、上方から焼結摺動材料の混合粉末を散布して前
記シートの穴部にその混合粉末を充填したものを、還
元、中性、真空の各雰囲気中で焼結して前記穴部に充填
した混合粉末を裏金上に焼結接合する工程と、圧延など
の加圧加工によって前記焼結摺動材料を高密度化した後
に更に焼結する工程とを含んでなり、かつ表面に複数個
の独立した突出部として形成された高密度焼結摺動材料
が７０〜３０面積％の範囲内にあり、さらにその突出部
の摺動方向の最大長さが２０ｍｍ以下であることを特徴
とする複層焼結摺動部材の製造方法。13. A sheet having holes of various shapes is laid on a steel backing metal, a mixed powder of a sintered sliding material is sprayed from above, and the mixed powder is filled in the hole portions of the sheet. The sintered sliding material was densified by a process of sintering and joining the mixed powder filled in the hole portion on the back metal by sintering in each atmosphere of neutral and vacuum, and pressure processing such as rolling. A step of further sintering, and the high density sintered sliding material formed on the surface as a plurality of independent protrusions is within the range of 70 to 30 area%, A method for producing a multilayer sintered sliding member, wherein the maximum length in the sliding direction is 20 mm or less.
おいて連続した突出部を形成するために、裏金より小さ
いサイズの穴あきシートを用い、このシートを裏金上に
重ねて前記摺動焼結材料粉末を散布することを特徴とす
る請求項１３に記載の複層焼結摺動部材の製造方法。14. A perforated sheet of a size smaller than the back metal is used to form continuous protrusions at one or more ends of the multi-layer sintered sliding member, and the sheet is stacked on the back metal to form a continuous sheet. The method for producing a multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 13, wherein the sliding sintered material powder is dispersed.
最終厚さ前の各種厚さに圧延加工した状態の凹部に前記
焼結摺動材料粉末を散布充填した後、圧延−焼結および
／または焼結−圧延の工程により突出部を最終厚さにな
るようにし、かつ凹部の気孔率を２０〜７０体積％に調
整することを特徴とする請求項１３または１４に記載の
複層焼結摺動部材の製造方法。15. The sintered sliding material powder is spray-filled into the recesses in a state of sinter-bonding and / or the protrusions are rolled to various thicknesses before the final thickness, and then rolling-sintering and / or 15. The multilayer sintering according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the protrusion has a final thickness by a sintering-rolling process and the porosity of the recess is adjusted to 20 to 70% by volume. Manufacturing method of sliding member.
成される圧延フロー部の凹部に含油プラスチックを充填
して内部潤滑性を高めることを特徴とする請求項１３〜
１５のうちのいずれかに記載の複層焼結摺動部材の製造
方法。16. The internal lubricity is enhanced by filling an oil-impregnated plastic into the recess of the rolling flow portion formed in the surface layer of the protruding portion in a substantially final rolling state.
16. The method for manufacturing a multilayer sintered sliding member according to any one of 15.
インサート層を介在させるために、焼結インサート層材
料粉末を散布焼結した後に圧延などの加圧加工を施し、
この焼結インサート層上に前記焼結摺動材料をさらに接
合焼結することを特徴とする請求項１３〜１６のうちの
いずれかに記載の複層焼結摺動部材の製造方法。17. In order to interpose a sintered insert layer between the sintered sliding material and the back metal, pressure processing such as rolling is performed after the sintering insert layer material powder is spray-sintered.
The method for producing a multilayer sintered sliding member according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the sintered sliding material is further bonded and sintered on the sintered insert layer.
は、鉄を主体とし、少なくともＣｕを１５〜６０重量％
とＳｎを２〜７重量％含有し、更にＰｂを２〜１０重量
％含有する鉄系焼結材料であることを特徴とする請求項
１７に記載の複層焼結摺動部材の製造方法。18. The material forming the sintered insert layer is mainly iron and contains at least 15 to 60% by weight of Cu.
The method for producing a multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 17, wherein the iron-based sintered material contains 2 to 7% by weight of Sn and 2 to 10% by weight of Pb.
のＰｂを含有するとともに、少なくともＰｂとの金属間
化合物を形成しやすいＴｉ，Ｍｇの１種以上を０．５〜
１０重量％含有し、かつＳｎを２〜８重量％の範囲にお
いて含有する鉄系および／または銅系焼結摺動材料であ
ることを特徴とする請求項１３〜１８のうちのいずれか
に記載の複層焼結摺動部材の製造方法。19. The sintered sliding material is 1 to 30% by weight.
0.5 to 0.5% of at least one of Ti and Mg which contains Pb and easily forms an intermetallic compound with Pb.
The iron-based and / or copper-based sintered sliding material containing 10% by weight and Sn in the range of 2 to 8% by weight, which is one of claims 13 to 18. 2. A method for manufacturing a multilayer sintered sliding member of.
ｌ，Ｓｉ，Ｂｅ，Ｃｒ，Ｍｎ，Ｚｎ等の強化元素もしく
は黒鉛等の潤滑元素および／またはＳｉＯ2，Ｍｏ，Ｗ
等の分散元素の１種以上を含有させることを特徴とする
請求項１９に記載の複層焼結摺動部材。20. The copper-based sliding material contains Ti, Ni, A
l, Si, Be, Cr, Mn, Zn and other reinforcing elements or graphite and / or lubricating elements and / or SiO 2 , Mo, W
20. The multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 19, further comprising one or more kinds of dispersed elements such as
し、少なくともＦｅ相部が６０体積％以下になるよう
に、Ｃｕを３０〜６０重量％含有し、焼き付きやすいＦ
ｅ相部が銅合金相やその他の相部によって十分に分断さ
れた組織を有することを特徴とする請求項１９に記載の
複層焼結摺動部材の製造方法。21. The iron-based sintered sliding material is mainly composed of iron, contains 30 to 60% by weight of Cu so that at least an Fe phase portion is 60% by volume or less, and is easily seized.
20. The method for producing a multilayer sintered sliding member according to claim 19, wherein the e phase portion has a structure that is sufficiently divided by the copper alloy phase and other phase portions.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09281498A JP3446809B2 (en) | 1998-03-19 | 1998-03-19 | Multi-layer sintered sliding member and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09281498A JP3446809B2 (en) | 1998-03-19 | 1998-03-19 | Multi-layer sintered sliding member and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11269508A JPH11269508A (en) | 1999-10-05 |
| JP3446809B2 true JP3446809B2 (en) | 2003-09-16 |
Family
ID=14064897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09281498A Expired - Lifetime JP3446809B2 (en) | 1998-03-19 | 1998-03-19 | Multi-layer sintered sliding member and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3446809B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100993158B1 (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2010-11-09 | 가부시키가이샤 고마쓰 세이사쿠쇼 | Connecting mechanism |
| JP4326216B2 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2009-09-02 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Wear-resistant sintered sliding material and wear-resistant sintered sliding composite member |
| US9222511B2 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2015-12-29 | Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd. | Sliding bearing and sliding bearing assembly |
| KR101461677B1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2014-11-14 | 두산인프라코어 주식회사 | Sliding motion assembly |
| EP2282073A1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-02-09 | voestalpine Giesserei Linz GmbH | Sliding bearing |
| JP2012017837A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-26 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Steel plate for sliding member |
| JP6114512B2 (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2017-04-12 | Ntn株式会社 | Sintered bearing and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP5878851B2 (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2016-03-08 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Reduction gear |
| JP6141642B2 (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2017-06-07 | オイレス工業株式会社 | Sliding plate and floor plate for turnout |
| JP6199106B2 (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2017-09-20 | Ntn株式会社 | Sintered bearing, method for manufacturing the same, and fluid dynamic bearing device provided with the sintered bearing |
| JP2017133519A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-08-03 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Molding body formed with structure of cyclic structure and process of manufacture thereof |
| JP6394485B2 (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2018-09-26 | スズキ株式会社 | Piston of internal combustion engine |
| JP6310530B2 (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-04-11 | 株式会社クボタ | Engine pistons |
| CN110230638A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-13 | 天津大学 | A kind of full working scope composite construction sliding axle |
| SI26248A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-03-31 | Kern d.o.o | Bushings of a linear sliding guide system and the process of its manufacture |
-
1998
- 1998-03-19 JP JP09281498A patent/JP3446809B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH11269508A (en) | 1999-10-05 |
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