JP3432869B2 - Non-destructive fruit sorting method - Google Patents
Non-destructive fruit sorting methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3432869B2 JP3432869B2 JP29447593A JP29447593A JP3432869B2 JP 3432869 B2 JP3432869 B2 JP 3432869B2 JP 29447593 A JP29447593 A JP 29447593A JP 29447593 A JP29447593 A JP 29447593A JP 3432869 B2 JP3432869 B2 JP 3432869B2
- Authority
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- Prior art keywords
- watermelon
- fruit
- conveyor
- sugar content
- volume
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明はスイカを選果する非破壊
選果方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】従来、特開平2−251282号公報に
示す如く、果実の重量を計測し、果実の撮影画像に基づ
いて体積を算出し、計測重量と算出体積とに基づいて果
実の比重を算出し、選果する技術がある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記従来技術は、選果
コンベアのスイカ搬送途中に計量機及びカメラなどを設
けるから、計量機またはカメラの組付けまたはメンテナ
ンス等の作業性を向上させ得ないと共に、例えばメロン
など略真円の球体の体積測定を行う画像処理方法 では、
楕円など変形球体が多くなるスイカの場合は体積の測定
誤差を少なくすることができない問題がある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】然るに、本発明は、スイ
カの重量を測定する計量機と、スイカの静電容量から体
積を測定する体積測定手段と、スイカの重量と体積から
比重量を計算する演算手段を設け、また選別するスイカ
を搬送する選果コンベアを設けると共に、スイカを静電
容量測定空間に通過移動させて体積測定する非破壊選果
方法において、選果コンベアと略同一の速度でスイカを
搬送する計量コンベア及び体積測定コンベアを設け、選
果コンベアの搬送系路の途中で、計量コンベアと体積測
定コンベアにより、計量と体積測定を行うスイカを搬送
途中において、スイカの果実密度を算出させると共に、
果実密度の係数を負としかつ質量の係数を正とする果実
密度と質量の一次式によりスイカの糖度を算出して品質
判別するもので、選果コンベアのスイカ搬送途中に、計
量コンベア及び体積測定コンベアを各別に設けるから、
計量コンベアまたは体積測定コンベアの着脱により計量
機または体積測定手段を夫々着脱し得、計量機または体
積測定手段の組付けまたはメンテナンス等の作業性を容
易に向上させ得ると共に、例えばミカンなど小果実の糖
度判定を行う近赤外線測定方法では、皮の糖度と内部糖
度の差が大きいスイカの場合は判定が不適正に行われる
問題があり、また例えばメロンなど略真円の球体の体積
測定を行う画像処理方法では、楕円体や若干の凹凸を有
する変形球体が多くなるスイカの場合は体積の測定誤差
を少なくすることができない問題があるが、高精度で算
出可能な果実密度に基づいて高精度のスイカを容易に選
出し得、従来に比べ、スイカの選別機構の簡略化及び取
扱い作業性の向上並びにスイカの品質判別精度の向上な
どを容易に行い得、スイカのように個々の大きさ及び形
状が大きく異なる被測定物であっても、選果場の稼動率
を高くして出荷コストの低減並びに出荷商品の品質向上
などを容易に図り得るものである。
【0005】
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づき詳述す
る。図1は選果制御回路図、図2は選果装置側面図であ
り、駆動輪(1)及び従動輪(2)を介して張設させる
選果コンベア(3)を備え、該コンベア(3)を電動モ
ータ(4)によって略一定速度で一方向に駆動させると
共に、果実であるメロン(5)を載せる果実ホルダ
(6)…を前記コンベア(3)に略等間隔に取付け、複
数のメロン(5)…を連続的に定速搬送するように構成
している。
【0006】また、前記コンベア(3)送り始端側のホ
ルダ(6)にメロン(5)を自動供給する荷受コンベア
(7)を備え、荷口別または生産者別に荷受されたメロ
ン(5)を荷受コンベア(7)にストックして荷受管理
するように構成している。
【0007】また、前記ホルダ(6)のメロン(5)を
選果コンベア(3)上に持上げる計量コンベア(8)を
有するロードセル型計量器(9)を備え、選果コンベア
(3)と同期させてメロン(5)を移動させ乍らメロン
(5)の質量を測定するように構成している。
【0008】また、主電極を形成する吸着盤(10)
と、アース電極を形成する体積測定ゲート(11)と、
前記ホルダ(6)のメロン(5)を吸着盤(10)に支
持させてゲート(11)内部を通過させる体積測定コン
ベア(12)を備え、エアシリンダ(13)によって吸
着盤(10)にメロン(5)を固定させた状態で選果コ
ンベア(3)と同期させて移動させると共に、吸着盤
(10)とゲート(11)間の通電によりメロン(5)
の体積によって変化するゲート(11)内の空間の静電
容量に基づきメロン(5)の体積を測定するように構成
している。
【0009】また、メロン(5)を等階級別に選果コン
ベア(3)から取出す等階級別受ボックス(14)(1
5)(16)と、各ボックス(14)〜(16)にホル
ダ(6)のメロン(5)を移動させる低糖度果及び高糖
度果取出シリンダ(17)(18)及び判定外取出シリ
ンダ(19)を備え、低糖度果及び高糖度果及び判定外
に分けてホルダ(6)のメロン(5)を各ボックス(1
4)(15)(16)に取出すように構成している。
【0010】さらに、図1に示す如く、メロン(5)の
密度と質量を測定する測定手段である前記計量器(9)
及び静電容量計(20)と、糖度の判定基準値を初期設
定する設定手段である判定基準値設定器(21)と、メ
ロン(5)の測定密度と質量に基づき糖度の算出及び判
定を行う判定手段であるマイクロコンピュータで構成す
るコントローラ(22)を備えている。
【0011】而して、メロン(5)の選果作業を行う場
合、図5の果実密度と糖度との相関線図を判定データと
してコントローラ(22)に記憶入力させ、また品種な
どによって生じる果実密度の差を判定基準値設定器(2
1)操作によって補正し、メロン(5)の糖度を区分け
する設定値を変更するもので、荷受コンベア(7)のメ
ロン(5)を選果コンベア(3)の果実ホルダ(6)に
自動的に供給することにより、前記ホルダ(16)に載
せたメロン(5)の質量が計量器(9)によって測定さ
れ、次いで吸着盤(10)にメロン(5)が支持され、
体積測定ゲート(11)内の空間の静電容量変化によっ
てメロン(5)の体積が測定される。そして、メロン
(5)の質量と体積が明らかになって果実密度が測定さ
れると、そのメロン(5)の果実密度D(g/ml)と
質量M(g)から推定糖度B(Brix%)の算出を計
算式B=18.5D−1.61M−1.05により行
い、図4に示す推定糖度を求め、未熟果であるか、完熟
果であるか、判定外であるかを、算出された推定糖度B
と設定器(21)の判定基準値に基づいて判断し、各シ
リンダ(17)(18)(19)を作動制御して自動的
に選果を行うもので、図3のフローチャートに示す如
く、計量器(9)で計測したメロン(5)の質量をコン
トローラ(22)に入力させ、また吸着盤(10)とゲ
ート(11)間の静電容量変化に基づくメロン(5)の
体積を静電容量計(20)からコントローラ(22)に
入力させ、メロン(5)の質量と体積から密度を演算さ
せ、図4に示す推定糖度Bを、果実密度Dと質量Mか
ら、計算式B=18.5D−1.61M−1.05によ
り算出させると共に、判定基準値設定器(21)から糖
度判定基準値をコントローラ(22)に入力させ、算出
したメロン(5)の推定糖度と判定基準値とによりメロ
ン(5)の糖度を判定させ、非破壊測定したメロン
(5)の糖度によりメロン(5)が低糖度であるか高糖
度であるかを判別させ、各シリンダ(17)(18)
(19)を作動させてメロン(5)を自動的に連続して
選別し、低糖度果及び高糖度果及び判定外に分けてメロ
ン(5)を取出すもので、メロン(5)の密度と質量を
測定して推定糖度を算出し、メロン(5)の推定糖度に
より品質を判別し、糖度が低い低品質の低糖度果と、糖
度が高い高品質の高糖度果とに、メロン(5)を選果す
るように構成している。
【0012】なお、図4から明らかなように、前述の計
算式B=18.5D−1.61M−1.05を用いて、
果実密度Dと質量Mに基づき、メロン(5)の推定糖度
Bを求めた場合、メロン(5)の果肉を採取して糖度計
によって糖度を測定した実測糖度と略近似した推定糖度
Bが得られたから、その推定糖度Bをメロン(5)の選
果判定データとして用いることにより、メロン(5)の
糖度判定を非破壊測定によって正確に行えることが解っ
た。
【0013】また、開花後所定日数(約50日)を経過
したメロン(5)をサンプルとして収穫し、そのサンプ
ル果実であるメロン(5)の密度を例えば空中重量と水
中重量の測定などによって求めると共に、メロン(5)
の果肉を採取して糖度計によって糖度を測定し、メロン
の密度と糖度との関係を図5のように選果判定データと
して得るもので、図5の選果判定データをコントローラ
(22)に予め記憶入力させることにより、測定したメ
ロン(5)の糖度と判定基準値とにより図5の判定デー
タに基づきメロン(5)の糖度を判定させ、非破壊測定
したメロン(5)の密度によりメロン(5)が低糖度果
であるか高糖度果であるかを判別させ、各シリンダ(1
7)(18)(19)を作動させてメロン(5)を自動
的に連続して選別することも行える。
【0014】また、メロン(5)の密度測定における体
積測定手段として、上記実施例の他に、画像処理方法、
又はボイルシャルルの法則を用いた容積計による方法が
あり、これらの方法を用いてもメロン(5)の体積測定
が可能である。そして、また、果実(5)の体積と密度
を測定し、果実(5)の体積と密度に基づき推定糖度を
算出し、果実(5)の品質を判別することにより、果実
(5)の体積と密度に基づき算出される糖度によって果
実(5)の品質が判定されるから、果実(5)が高糖度
のものと低糖度のものに選別され、高品質の果実(5)
と、低品質の果実(5)とに、糖度に基づき選果を行
え、果実(5)の品質判別精度の向上などを従来よりも
図れる。
【0015】さらに、図6から明らかなように、前記メ
ロン(5)と同様に、計量器(9)及び静電容量計(2
0)を用い、開花後所定日数(約40日)を経過したス
イカ(5)の質量と密度を測定し、前述と同様に、計算
式B=−35.5D+0.30M+43.1を用いて、
果実密度Dと質量Mに基づき、スイカ(5)の推定糖度
B(Brix%)を求めた場合、スイカ(5)の果肉を
採取して糖度計によって糖度を測定した実測糖度と略近
似した推定糖度Bが得られたから、その推定糖度Bをス
イカ(5)の選果判定データとして用いることにより、
スイカ(5)の糖度判定を非破壊測定によって正確に行
えるもので、計量器(9)で計測したスイカ(5)の質
量をコントローラ(22)に入力させ、また吸着盤(1
0)とゲート(11)間の静電容量変化に基づくスイカ
(5)の体積を静電容量計(20)からコントローラ
(22)に入力させ、スイカ(5)の質量と体積から密
度を演算させ、図6に示す推定糖度Bを、果実密度Dと
質量Mから、計算式B=−35.5D+0.30M+4
3.1により算出させると共に、判定基準値設定器(2
1)から糖度判定基準値をコントローラ(22)に入力
させ、算出したスイカ(5)の推定糖度と判定基準値と
によりスイカ(5)の糖度を判定させ、非破壊測定した
スイカ(5)の糖度によりスイカ(5)が低糖度である
か高糖度であるかを判別させ、各シリンダ(17)(1
8)(19)を作動させてスイカ(5)を自動的に連続
して選別し、低糖度果及び高糖度果及び判定外に分けて
スイカ(5)を取出すことが行え、スイカ(5)の密度
と質量を測定して推定糖度を算出し、スイカ(5)の推
定糖度により品質を判別し、糖度が低い低品質の低糖度
果と、糖度が高い高品質の高糖度果とに、スイカ(5)
を選果することが行える。
【0016】上記から明らかなように、スイカ(5)の
重量を測定する計量機(9)と、ス イカ(5)の静電容
量から体積を測定する体積測定手段(20)と、スイカ
(5)の重量と体積から比重量を計算する演算手段(2
2)を設け、また選別するスイカ(5)を搬送する選果
コンベア(3)を設けると共に、スイカ(5)を静電容
量測定空間に通過移動させて体積測定する非破壊選果方
法において、選果コンベア(3)と略同一の速度でスイ
カ(5)を搬送する計量コンベア(8)及び体積測定コ
ンベア(12)を設け、選果コンベア(3)の搬送系路
の途中で、計量コンベア(8)と体積測定コンベア(1
2)により、計量と体積測定を行うスイカ(5)を一時
的に搬送し乍ら、スイカ(5)の果実密度を算出させる
と共に、果実密度(D)の係数を負としかつ質量(M)
の係数を正とする果実密度(D)と質量(M)の一次式
によりスイカ(5)の糖度(B)を算出して品質判別す
る。そして、選果コンベア(3)のスイカ(5)搬送途
中に、計量コンベア(8)及び体積測定コンベア(1
2)を各別に設け、計量コンベア(8)または体積測定
コンベア(12)の着脱により計量機(9)または静電
容量計(20)を夫々着脱させ、計量機(9)または静
電容量計(20)の組付けまたはメンテナンス等の作業
性を容易に向上させると共に、例えばミカンなど小果実
の糖度判定を行う近赤外線測定方法では、皮の糖度と内
部糖度の差が大きいスイカ(5)の場合は判定が不適正
に行われる問題があり、また例えばメロンなど略真円の
球体の体積測定を行う画像処理方法では、楕円体や若干
の凹凸を有する変形球体が多くなるスイカ(5)の場合
は体積の測定誤差を少なくすることができない問題があ
るが、高精度で算出可能な果実密度に基づいて高精度の
スイカ(5)を選出させ、従来に比べ、スイカ(5)の
選別機構の簡略化及び取扱い作業性の向上並びにスイカ
(5)の品質判別精度の向上などを行い、スイカ(5)
のように個々の大きさ及び形状が大きく異なる被測定物
であっても、選果場の稼動率を高くして出荷コストの低
減並びに出荷商品の品質向上などを図る。
【0017】また、開花後所定日数(約40日)を経過
したスイカ(5)をサンプルとして収穫し、そのサンプ
ル果実であるスイカ(5)の密度を例えば空中重量と水
中重量の測定などによって求めると共に、スイカ(5)
の果肉を採取して糖度計によって糖度を測定し、スイカ
(5)の密度と糖度との関係を図7のように選果判定デ
ータとして得ることにより、測定したスイカ(5)の糖
度と判定基準値とにより図7の判定データに基づきスイ
カ(5)の糖度を判定させ、非破壊測定したスイカ
(5)の密度によりスイカ(5)が低糖度果であるか高
糖度果であるかを判別させて選別することも行える。
【0018】
【発明の効果】以上実施例から明らかなように本発明
は、スイカ(5)の重量を測定する計量機(9)と、ス
イカ(5)の静電容量から体積を測定する体積測定手段
(20)と、スイカ(5)の重量と体積から比重量を計
算する演算手段(22)を設け、また選別するスイカ
(5)を搬送する選果コンベア(3)を設けると共に、
スイカ(5)を静電容量測定空間に通過移動させて体積
測定する非破壊選果方法において、選果コンベア(3)
と略同一の速度でスイカ(5)を搬送する計量コンベア
(8)及び体積測定コンベア(12)を設け、選果コン
ベア(3)の搬送系路の途中で、計量コンベア(8)と
体積測定コンベア(12)により、計量と体積測定を行
うスイカ(5)を搬送途中において、スイカ(5)の果
実密度を算出させると共に、果実密度(D)の係数を負
としかつ質量(M)の係数を正とする果実密度(D)と
質量(M)の一次式によりスイカ(5)の糖度(B)を
算出して品質判別するもので、選果コンベア(3)のス
イカ(5)搬送途中に、計量コンベア(8)及び体積測
定コンベア(12)を各別に設けるから、計量コンベア
(8)または体積測定コンベア(12)の着脱により計
量機(9)または体積測定手段(20)を夫々着脱で
き、計量機(9)または体積測定手段(20)の組付け
またはメンテナンス等の作業性を容易に向上させること
ができると共に、例えばミカンなど小果実の糖度判定を
行う近赤外線測定方法では、皮の糖度と内部糖度の差が
大きいスイカ(5)の場合は判定が不適正に行われる問
題があり、また例えばメロンなど略真円の球体の体積測
定を行う画像処理方法では、楕円体や若干の凹凸を有す
る変形球体が多くなるスイカ(5)の場合は体積の測定
誤差を少なくすることができない問題があるが、高精度
で算出可能な果実密度に基づいて高精度のスイカ(5)
を容易に選出し得、従来に比べ、スイカ(5)の選別機
構の簡略化及び取扱い作業性の向上並びにスイカ(5)
の品質判別精度の向上など を容易に行うことができ、ス
イカ(5)のように個々の大きさ及び形状が大きく異な
る被測定物であっても、選果場の稼動率を高くして出荷
コストの低減並びに出荷商品の品質向上などを容易に図
ることができるものである。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the non-destructive election results how to Fruit watermelon. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
As shown, the weight of the fruit was measured and based on the captured image of the fruit.
And calculate the volume based on the measured weight and the calculated volume.
There is a technology for calculating the actual specific gravity and selecting fruits . [0003] The above prior art is a fruit selection
A weighing machine and camera are installed during the conveyance of watermelon on the conveyor.
Weighing machine or camera assembly or maintenance
Workability, such as melon, cannot be improved.
In an image processing method that measures the volume of a sphere of a substantially perfect circle ,
For watermelons with many deformed spheres such as ellipses, measure the volume
There is a problem that the error cannot be reduced . [0004] However, the present invention provides a switch.
A weighing machine that measures the weight of mosquitoes and the body
Volume measurement means to measure the product, and from the weight and volume of the watermelon
Watermelon provided with calculating means for calculating specific weight and selecting
Conveyor and transport watermelon electrostatically
Non-destructive fruit sorting by passing through a volume measuring space and measuring its volume
In the method, watermelon is produced at almost the same speed as the fruit sorting conveyor
Set up a weighing conveyor and a volume measurement conveyor
In the middle of the conveyor path, the weighing conveyor and the volume
Watermelon for weighing and volume measurement is transported by constant conveyor
On the way, calculate the fruit density of watermelon,
Fruits with a negative coefficient of fruit density and a positive coefficient of mass
Calculate the sugar content of watermelon using the linear equation of density and mass to determine the quality
During the transportation of the watermelon on the fruit sorting conveyor,
Since the quantity conveyor and the volume measurement conveyor are provided separately,
Weighing by attaching / detaching weighing conveyor or volume measurement conveyor
Weighing machine or body
Workability such as assembly of product measuring means or maintenance
It can be easily improved and sugar of small fruits such as oranges
In the near-infrared measurement method for determining the degree of sugar, the sugar content of the skin and the internal sugar
In the case of a watermelon with a large difference in degree, the judgment is made incorrectly
There is a problem, and the volume of an almost perfectly round sphere such as melon
The image processing method used for measurement has an ellipsoid and some irregularities.
Measurement error for watermelon with many deformed spheres
There is a problem that can not be reduced, but with high accuracy
Easy selection of high-precision watermelon based on available fruit density
The watermelon selection mechanism is simpler and easier than before.
Improvement of handling workability and improvement of watermelon quality discrimination accuracy
Can be easily performed, and the size and shape of each
The operating rate of the sorting yard even for the DUTs with greatly different shapes
To reduce shipping costs and improve the quality of shipped products
This can be easily achieved. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a fruit selection control circuit diagram, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the fruit selection device, which is provided with a fruit selection conveyor (3) stretched through a driving wheel (1) and a driven wheel (2). ) Are driven in one direction by an electric motor (4) at a substantially constant speed, and fruit holders (6) for mounting fruit melons (5) are attached to the conveyor (3) at substantially equal intervals. (5) is configured to be continuously conveyed at a constant speed. Further, the conveyor (3) is provided with a receiving conveyor (7) for automatically supplying the melon (5) to the holder (6) on the feed start end side, and receives the melon (5) received by each loading port or each producer. The conveyer (7) is configured to stock and manage the receipt. A load cell type weigher (9) having a weighing conveyor (8) for lifting the melon (5) of the holder (6) onto the fruiting conveyor (3) is provided. It is configured to measure the mass of the melon (5) while moving the melon (5) in synchronization. [0008] Further, a suction disk (10) for forming a main electrode.
A volume measurement gate (11) forming an earth electrode;
The melon (5) of the holder (6) is provided with a volume measuring conveyer (12) for supporting the melon (5) on the suction disc (10) and passing through the inside of the gate (11), and the melon is attached to the suction disc (10) by an air cylinder (13). In a state where (5) is fixed, the melon (5) is moved in synchronization with the fruit sorting conveyor (3), and the power is supplied between the suction plate (10) and the gate (11).
The configuration is such that the volume of the melon (5) is measured based on the capacitance of the space in the gate (11) that changes according to the volume of the melon (5). Further, receiving boxes (14) (1) for taking out the melon (5) from the fruit sorting conveyor (3) by grade.
5) (16), low-sugar and high-sugar fruit take-out cylinders (17) and (18) for transferring the melon (5) of the holder (6) to the boxes (14) to (16), and take-out cylinders outside the judgment ( 19), and the melon (5) of the holder (6) is divided into the low-sugar fruits, the high-sugar fruits, and the non-judgment.
4) It is configured to take out at (15) and (16). Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the measuring device (9) which is a measuring means for measuring the density and mass of the melon (5).
And a capacitance meter (20), a criterion value setting device (21), which is a setting means for initially setting a criterion value for the sugar content, and calculates and determines the sugar content based on the measured density and mass of the melon (5). A controller (22) constituted by a microcomputer, which is a determination unit for performing the determination, is provided. [0011] When performing the fruit selection work of the melon (5), the correlation diagram between the fruit density and the sugar content shown in Fig. 5 is stored and input into the controller (22) as judgment data. The difference between the densities is determined by the reference value
1) Correction by operation and change the set value for classifying the sugar content of the melon (5). The melon (5) of the receiving conveyor (7) is automatically transferred to the fruit holder (6) of the fruit sorting conveyor (3). , The mass of the melon (5) placed on the holder (16) is measured by the measuring instrument (9), and then the melon (5) is supported by the suction disk (10),
The volume of the melon (5) is measured by a change in the capacitance of the space in the volume measurement gate (11). When the mass and volume of the melon (5) are clarified and the fruit density is measured, the estimated sugar content B (Brix%) is determined from the fruit density D (g / ml) and the mass M (g) of the melon (5). ) Is calculated by the calculation formula B = 18.5D-1.61M-1.05, the estimated sugar content shown in FIG. 4 is obtained, and it is determined whether the fruit is immature, ripe, or not determined. Calculated estimated sugar content B
Is determined based on the criterion value of the setting device (21), and the cylinders (17), (18), and (19) are operated and automatically selected, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. The mass of the melon (5) measured by the measuring instrument (9) is input to the controller (22), and the volume of the melon (5) based on the capacitance change between the suction plate (10) and the gate (11) is reduced. The density is calculated from the mass and volume of the melon (5) from the capacitance meter (20) to the controller (22), and the estimated sugar content B shown in FIG. 18.5D-1.61M-1.05, the sugar content determination reference value was input from the determination reference value setting device (21) to the controller (22), and the calculated estimated sugar content of the melon (5) and the determination standard were determined. Determine the sugar content of melon (5) based on the value Allowed by sugar content of melons was nondestructive (5) to determine melon (5) is a high sugar content or low sugar content, the cylinders (17) (18)
(19) is activated to automatically and continuously sort the melon (5), and to take out the melon (5) separately from the low-sugar fruit and the high-sugar fruit and undetermined. The mass is measured to calculate an estimated sugar content, the quality is determined based on the estimated sugar content of the melon (5), and a low-quality low-sugar fruit having a low sugar content and a high-quality high-sugar fruit having a high sugar content are added to the melon (5). ). As is clear from FIG. 4, using the above-mentioned calculation formula B = 18.5D-1.61M-1.05,
When the estimated sugar content B of the melon (5) is determined based on the fruit density D and the mass M, the estimated sugar content B substantially approximated to the actually measured sugar content obtained by collecting the pulp of the melon (5) and measuring the sugar content by a refractometer is obtained. Thus, it was found that the sugar content of melon (5) can be accurately determined by non-destructive measurement by using the estimated sugar content B as fruiting determination data of melon (5). The melon (5) which has passed a predetermined number of days (about 50 days) after flowering is harvested as a sample, and the density of the melon (5), which is the sample fruit, is determined by, for example, measuring the weight in the air and the weight in the water. With melon (5)
The fruit pulp is collected and the sugar content is measured by a sugar meter to obtain the relationship between the density of the melon and the sugar content as fruit selection judgment data as shown in FIG. 5, and the fruit selection judgment data of FIG. 5 is sent to the controller (22). By storing and inputting in advance, the sugar content of the melon (5) is determined based on the determination data of FIG. 5 based on the measured sugar content of the melon (5) and the determination reference value. It is determined whether (5) is a low-sugar fruit or a high-sugar fruit, and each cylinder (1
7) It is also possible to automatically and continuously sort melons (5) by operating (18) and (19). Further, as a volume measuring means for measuring the density of the melon (5), an image processing method,
Alternatively, there is a method using a volume meter using Boyle-Charles' law, and the volume of the melon (5) can be measured using these methods. Then, the volume and density of the fruit (5) are measured, the estimated sugar content is calculated based on the volume and density of the fruit (5), and the quality of the fruit (5) is determined. The quality of the fruit (5) is determined based on the sugar content calculated based on the density and the density. Therefore, the fruit (5) is sorted into those having a high sugar content and those having a low sugar content, and the high-quality fruit (5)
And the low-quality fruit (5) can be selected based on the sugar content, and the quality discrimination accuracy of the fruit (5) can be improved more than before. Further, as is apparent from FIG. 6, similarly to the melon (5), the measuring device (9) and the capacitance meter (2) are used.
0), the mass and density of the watermelon (5) after a predetermined number of days (approximately 40 days) after flowering were measured, and using the calculation formula B = −35.5D + 0.30M + 43.1 as described above,
When the estimated sugar content B (Brix%) of the watermelon (5) was determined based on the fruit density D and the mass M, the estimated sugar content was approximately approximated to the actually measured sugar content obtained by collecting the pulp of the watermelon (5) and measuring the sugar content by a sugar meter. Since the sugar content B was obtained, the estimated sugar content B was used as fruit selection judgment data of the watermelon (5),
The sugar content of the watermelon (5) can be accurately determined by non-destructive measurement. The mass of the watermelon (5) measured by the measuring instrument (9) is input to the controller (22).
0) and the volume of the watermelon (5) based on the capacitance change between the gate (11) is input from the capacitance meter (20) to the controller (22), and the density is calculated from the mass and volume of the watermelon (5). Then, the estimated sugar content B shown in FIG. 6 was calculated from the fruit density D and the mass M using a calculation formula B = −35.5D + 0.30M + 4.
3.1, and the judgment reference value setting unit (2
The sugar content determination reference value is input to the controller (22) from 1), the sugar content of the watermelon (5) is determined based on the calculated estimated sugar content of the watermelon (5) and the determination reference value, and the watermelon (5) is measured nondestructively. Based on the sugar content, it is determined whether the watermelon (5) has a low sugar content or a high sugar content, and each cylinder (17) (1)
8) The watermelon (5) is automatically and continuously selected by activating (19), and the watermelon (5) can be taken out separately from the low-sugar fruit, the high-sugar fruit, and out of the judgment. The density and the mass of the watermelon are measured to calculate an estimated sugar content, the quality is determined based on the estimated sugar content of the watermelon (5), and a low-quality low-sugar fruit having a low sugar content and a high-quality high-sugar fruit having a high sugar content are obtained. Watermelon (5)
Can be selected. As is clear from the above, the watermelon (5)
Weighing machine for measuring the weight (9), the static of the scan squid (5) Den'yo
Volume measuring means (20) for measuring the volume from the amount, and watermelon
The calculating means (2) for calculating the specific weight from the weight and the volume of (5)
2) and fruiting to transport the selected watermelon (5)
Conveyor (3) is provided and watermelon (5) is
Non-destructive sorting method by measuring the volume by passing it through the measuring space
Method, the speed is almost the same as that of the fruit sorting conveyor (3).
Measuring conveyor (8) for transporting mosquito (5) and volume measurement
A conveyor (12) is provided, and a conveyance system for the fruit sorting conveyor (3)
During the measurement, the weighing conveyor (8) and the volume measurement conveyor (1)
2) Watermelon (5) for measuring and volume measurement
To calculate the fruit density of watermelon (5)
With the coefficient of fruit density (D) being negative and mass (M)
Linear expression of fruit density (D) and mass (M) with the coefficient of
To calculate the sugar content (B) of watermelon (5) and determine the quality
You. Then, the watermelon (5) being transported on the fruit sorting conveyor (3)
Inside the weighing conveyor (8) and the volume measurement conveyor (1)
2) provided separately for each, measuring conveyor (8) or volume measurement
Weighing machine (9) or electrostatic depending on attachment / detachment of conveyor (12)
Attach and remove the capacity meter (20) respectively, and
Work such as assembly or maintenance of the capacitance meter (20)
Easy to improve the quality and small fruits such as oranges
The near-infrared measurement method for determining the sugar content of
In the case of watermelon (5) with a large difference in sugar content, the judgment is inappropriate
Problems, such as melons
In image processing methods that measure the volume of a sphere,
Watermelon (5) with many deformed spheres with irregularities
Has a problem that volume measurement error cannot be reduced.
However, based on the fruit density that can be calculated with high accuracy,
Select watermelon (5), compared to the conventional watermelon (5)
Simplification of sorting mechanism, improvement of handling workability and watermelon
Watermelon (5) by improving the quality discrimination accuracy of (5)
DUTs with greatly different sizes and shapes, such as
Even so, the operation rate of the sorting place is increased and the shipping cost is reduced.
Aim to reduce and improve the quality of shipped products. Further, a watermelon (5) that has passed a predetermined number of days (about 40 days) after flowering is harvested as a sample, and the density of the watermelon (5) as a sample fruit is determined by, for example, measuring the weight in the air and the weight in water. With watermelon (5)
The water content of the watermelon (5) was determined by collecting the flesh of the watermelon (5) and measuring the sugar content with a refractometer, and obtaining the relationship between the density and the sugar content of the watermelon (5) as fruit selection data as shown in FIG. The sugar content of the watermelon (5) is determined based on the determination data of FIG. 7 based on the reference value and the density of the watermelon (5) measured nondestructively to determine whether the watermelon (5) is a low-sugar fruit or a high-sugar fruit. It is also possible to discriminate and sort. As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a weighing machine (9) for measuring the weight of a watermelon (5),
Volume measuring means for measuring the volume from the capacitance of the squid (5)
(20) and the specific weight is calculated from the weight and volume of the watermelon (5).
Watermelon provided with calculating means (22) for calculating and selecting
A fruit sorting conveyor (3) for conveying (5) is provided,
Move the watermelon (5) through the capacitance measurement space
In the non-destructive fruit sorting method to measure, the fruit sorting conveyor (3)
Weighing conveyor that transports watermelon (5) at approximately the same speed as
(8) and a volume measurement conveyor (12).
In the middle of the conveyor (3), the weighing conveyor (8)
Measurement and volume measurement are performed by the volume measurement conveyor (12).
During the transportation of the watermelon (5), the fruit of the watermelon (5)
The actual density is calculated, and the coefficient of fruit density (D) is negative.
And the fruit density (D) where the coefficient of mass (M) is positive and
The sugar content (B) of the watermelon (5) is calculated by the linear equation of the mass (M).
Calculates the quality and determines the quality.
During the transportation of squid (5), weighing conveyor (8) and volume measurement
Since the fixed conveyor (12) is provided separately, the weighing conveyor
(8) or by attaching / detaching the volume measurement conveyor (12)
Weighing machine (9) or volume measuring means (20) by detachable
Assembling the weighing machine (9) or volume measuring means (20)
Or to easily improve workability such as maintenance
As well as determining the sugar content of small fruits such as oranges
In the near-infrared measurement method performed, the difference between the sugar content of the skin and the internal sugar content is
In the case of large watermelon (5), the judgment is incorrect
And the volume measurement of a roughly circular sphere such as a melon
Image processing methods that have
For watermelon (5) with many deformed spheres, measure the volume
There is a problem that error cannot be reduced, but high accuracy
Watermelon with high accuracy based on fruit density that can be calculated by (5)
Can be easily selected, compared to the conventional watermelon (5) sorting machine
Simplification of structure, improvement of handling workability and watermelon (5)
It can easily improve the quality determination accuracy of
Individual size and shape are very different like squid (5)
Even if the measured object is
It is possible to easily reduce costs and improve the quality of shipped products .
【図面の簡単な説明】 【図1】選果制御回路図。 【図2】選果装置側面図。 【図3】図1のフローチャート。 【図4】メロンの推定糖度と実測糖度の相関線図。 【図5】メロンの果実密度と糖度の相関線図。 【図6】スイカの推定糖度と実測糖度の相関線図。 【図7】スイカの果実密度と糖度の相関線図。 【符号の説明】(3) 選果コンベア (5) スイカ (8) 計量コンベア (9) 計量機 (12) 体積測定コンベア (20) 静電容量計(体積測定手段) (22) コントローラ(演算手段) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a fruit selection control circuit. FIG. 2 is a side view of the fruit sorting device. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a correlation diagram between an estimated sugar content of melon and an actually measured sugar content. FIG. 5 is a correlation diagram between fruit density and sugar content of melon. FIG. 6 is a correlation diagram between an estimated sugar content and a measured sugar content of watermelon. FIG. 7 is a correlation diagram of watermelon fruit density and sugar content. [Description of Signs ] (3) Fruit Conveyor (5) Watermelon (8) Weighing Conveyor (9) Weighing Machine (12) Volume Measurement Conveyor (20) Capacitance Meter (Volume Measurement Means) (22) Controller (Calculation Means ) )
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) G01N 33/02 G01N 9/00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) G01N 33/02 G01N 9/00
Claims (1)
(9)と、スイカ(5)の静電容量から体積を測定する
体積測定手段(20)と、スイカ(5)の重量と体積か
ら比重量を計算する演算手段(22)を設け、また選別
するスイカ(5)を搬送する選果コンベア(3)を設け
ると共に、スイカ(5)を静電容量測定空間に通過移動
させて体積測定する非破壊選果方法において、選果コン
ベア(3)と略同一の速度でスイカ(5)を搬送する計
量コンベア(8)及び体積測定コンベア(12)を設
け、選果コンベア(3)の搬送系路の途中で、計量コン
ベア(8)と体積測定コンベア(12)により、計量と
体積測定を行うスイカ(5)を搬送途中において、スイ
カ(5)の果実密度を算出させると共に、果実密度
(D)の係数を負としかつ質量(M)の係数を正とする
果実密度(D)と質量(M)の一次式によりスイカ
(5)の糖度(B)を算出して品質判別することを特徴
とする非破壊選果方法。(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] A weighing machine for measuring the weight of watermelon (5)
(9) and measure the volume from the capacitance of watermelon (5)
Volume and weight of watermelon (5) and watermelon (5)
Calculation means (22) for calculating the specific weight from
A fruit sorting conveyor (3) for transporting watermelon (5)
And move watermelon (5) through the capacitance measuring space
In the non-destructive sorting method for volume measurement
A meter that transports the watermelon (5) at approximately the same speed as the bear (3)
A quantity conveyor (8) and a volume measurement conveyor (12)
In the middle of the transportation system of the fruit sorting conveyor (3),
Weighing and measurement by the conveyor (8) and the volume measurement conveyor (12)
While the watermelon (5) for volume measurement is being transported,
Calculate the fruit density of mosquito (5)
The coefficient of (D) is negative and the coefficient of mass (M) is positive
Watermelon is calculated by linear expression of fruit density (D) and mass (M)
(5) A non-destructive fruit sorting method, wherein the quality is determined by calculating the sugar content (B) .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP29447593A JP3432869B2 (en) | 1993-10-29 | 1993-10-29 | Non-destructive fruit sorting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP29447593A JP3432869B2 (en) | 1993-10-29 | 1993-10-29 | Non-destructive fruit sorting method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH07128321A JPH07128321A (en) | 1995-05-19 |
JP3432869B2 true JP3432869B2 (en) | 2003-08-04 |
Family
ID=17808260
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP29447593A Expired - Lifetime JP3432869B2 (en) | 1993-10-29 | 1993-10-29 | Non-destructive fruit sorting method |
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JP (1) | JP3432869B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002139433A (en) * | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-17 | Kansai Tlo Kk | Method for discriminating internal quality of vegetable and fruit |
JP4484664B2 (en) | 2003-11-27 | 2010-06-16 | キヤノン株式会社 | Recording head cartridge |
CN103528919A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-22 | 广西来宾永鑫小平阳糖业有限公司 | Functional syrup brix online detection device with scale prevention character |
CN113170912A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-07-27 | 玉林师范学院 | Passion fruit pulp taking method and device |
WO2024096020A1 (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-10 | Toppanホールディングス株式会社 | Examination device and examination method |
-
1993
- 1993-10-29 JP JP29447593A patent/JP3432869B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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JPH07128321A (en) | 1995-05-19 |
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