JP3416662B2 - Shaft enlargement processing method of metal shaft material - Google Patents
Shaft enlargement processing method of metal shaft materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP3416662B2 JP3416662B2 JP2001158016A JP2001158016A JP3416662B2 JP 3416662 B2 JP3416662 B2 JP 3416662B2 JP 2001158016 A JP2001158016 A JP 2001158016A JP 2001158016 A JP2001158016 A JP 2001158016A JP 3416662 B2 JP3416662 B2 JP 3416662B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- work
- rotation
- yield stress
- holders
- shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明が属する技術分野】本発明は、金属軸材あるいは
金属管の任意の位置に該金属軸材あるいは金属管の径よ
りも大径の肥大部を成形する方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for forming an enlarged portion having a diameter larger than the diameter of a metal shaft or metal pipe at an arbitrary position on the metal shaft or metal pipe.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、金属軸材の任意の位置に肥大部を
設ける方法としては、まず第一に大径の軸材から切削し
て、削り出す方法があった。第二にあらかじめ用意した
カラーを止着する方法もあった。しかしながら、第一の
場合には削り捨てる材料の無駄、切削に要する加工時間
が長く必要であること、長尺物の加工に適していないこ
となどの問題点があった。また、第二の場合、例えばカ
ラー等をネジ止めする場合にはネジ加工など追加の加工
が必要となること、溶接の場合には溶接熱の影響を考慮
しなければならないことなどの問題点があった。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of providing an enlarged portion at an arbitrary position on a metal shaft material, there has been a method of cutting a large-diameter shaft material and cutting it out. Secondly, there was also a method of fastening a prepared color. However, in the first case, there are problems such as waste of material to be scraped, long processing time required for cutting, and unsuitability for processing long objects. Further, in the second case, there are problems such as additional processing such as screw processing is necessary when screwing a collar or the like, and the effect of welding heat must be taken into consideration when welding. there were.
【０００３】そこで、本願発明者は金属軸材の中間部に
局部的に軸材の直径よりも大径となる肥大部を形成する
方法として、金属軸材に回転と圧縮圧力及び曲げを作用
させる方法を発明し、特許（日本国特許第１９９３９５
６号）を取得している。この技術によれば、金属軸材の
中間部に容易に肥大部を形成することができるので、従
来のような切削加工、あるいは溶接する必要がなくなる
ものであった。Therefore, as a method of locally forming an enlarged portion having a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft member in the middle portion of the metal shaft member, the inventor of the present invention applies rotation, compression pressure and bending to the metal shaft member. Invented the method and patented (Japanese Patent No. 199395
No. 6) has been obtained. According to this technique, since the enlarged portion can be easily formed in the middle portion of the metal shaft member, it is not necessary to perform conventional cutting work or welding.
【０００４】しかしながら、上記特許では金属軸材に曲
げと回転及び圧縮圧力を作用させる条件として、金属軸
材の曲げ部外側に発生する引張による変形を防ぐために
それ以上の圧縮圧力を作用させながら曲げと回転を加え
るものであった。そのため、金属軸材の軸径が大きくな
ればなるほど大きな圧縮圧力を必要とし、結果として、
金属軸材を保持する回転保持体の保持力を大きくする必
要があるとともに、該圧縮圧力、すなわちスラスト荷重
に耐える装置としなければならず、大掛かりなものが必
要になるなど実用に供しないものであった。However, in the above-mentioned patent, the bending, rotation and compression pressure are applied to the metal shaft, and in order to prevent the deformation due to the tensile force generated on the outside of the bent portion of the metal shaft, the bending is applied while further applying the compression pressure. And added rotation. Therefore, the larger the shaft diameter of the metal shaft material, the greater the compression pressure required, and as a result,
It is necessary to increase the holding force of the rotary holder that holds the metal shaft material, and it must be a device that can withstand the compression pressure, that is, the thrust load. there were.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで、本発明が解決
しようとする課題は、上記従来技術の有する問題点に鑑
みなされたもので、金属軸材に回転と曲げ及び圧縮圧力
を加え、金属軸材の所望の位置に軸材の直径よりも大径
の肥大部を成形する軸肥大加工方法において、所望の肥
大部を得るために作用させる圧縮圧力を可能な限り小さ
くすることを課題としている点である。Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art described above. In the shaft enlargement processing method of forming an enlarged portion having a diameter larger than the diameter of the shaft material at a desired position of the material, an object is to reduce the compression pressure applied to obtain the desired enlarged portion as much as possible. Is.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、互いに対向す
る一対の回転保持体でワークＷである直線状の金属軸材
あるいは金属管を適当な間隔（初期掴み間隔）Ｄ０をお
いて保持し、該ワークＷに軸周りの回転と、前記回転保
持体の少なくとも一方を他方の回転保持体の軸心に対し
て傾斜する方向へ偏倚させることによってワークＷに耐
力以上の応力が作用する曲げを加え、前記両回転保持体
間のワークＷに曲げと曲げ戻しを繰り返し作用させ、ワ
ークＷの降伏応力を低下させる降伏応力低下工程を行
い、然る後、ワークＷに前記回転と曲げ、さらに前記回
転保持体の一方を他方に接近させることによって圧縮圧
力を作用させる圧縮成形工程により、両回転保持体間の
ワークＷの曲げ部内側に形成される凸部をワークＷの全
周に累積させ所望の肥大部を成形し、次に両回転保持体
の軸心を直線状に配置することによるワークＷの真直化
工程を行った後、圧縮圧力及び回転を停止させることに
よってワークＷの中間部任意の位置に所望の肥大部を成
形することを最も主要な特徴としている。また、互いに
対向する一対の回転保持体でワークＷである直線状の金
属軸材あるいは金属管を適当な間隔（初期掴み間隔）Ｄ
０をおいて保持し、請求項１記載の降伏応力低下工程と
圧縮成形工程を繰り返し行った後、ワークＷの真直化工
程を行い所望の肥大部を成形することを特徴としてい
る。さらに、互いに対向する一対の回転保持体でワーク
Ｗである直線状の金属軸材あるいは金属管を適当な間隔
（初期掴み間隔）Ｄ０をおいて保持し、上記降伏応力低
下工程と圧縮成形工程を行った後、肥大部の成形に伴っ
て狭くなった両回転保持体間の間隔Ｄ１を間隔Ｄ２（Ｄ
１＜Ｄ２）として両回転保持体により再保持し、更に上
記降伏応力低下工程と圧縮成形工程を行い、これらの各
工程を繰り返すことにより所望の肥大部を成形すること
を特徴としている。According to the present invention, a pair of rotary holders opposed to each other hold a linear metal shaft or a metal tube which is a work W at an appropriate interval (initial gripping interval) D 0. Then, the work W is rotated around the axis and the work W is subjected to a stress more than a proof stress by biasing at least one of the rotation holders in a direction inclined with respect to the axis of the other rotation holder. In addition, the work W between the both rotary holders is repeatedly subjected to bending and bending back to perform a yield stress lowering step of lowering the yield stress of the work W, and thereafter, the work W is subjected to the rotation and bending, By the compression molding step in which one of the rotary holders is brought closer to the other to exert a compression pressure, the convex portions formed inside the bent portion of the workpiece W between the rotary holders are accumulated on the entire circumference of the workpiece W. Desired After performing the straightening process of the work W by forming the enlarged part and then arranging the shaft centers of both rotary holders in a straight line, the compression pressure and the rotation are stopped to stop the work W at any intermediate part. The most important feature is to form a desired enlarged portion at a position. In addition, the linear metal shaft material or the metal pipe, which is the work W, is appropriately spaced (initial gripping interval) D by a pair of rotary holders facing each other.
It is characterized in that a desired thickened portion is formed by holding at 0 and holding the yield stress lowering step and the compression forming step of claim 1 and then performing the straightening step of the work W. Further, the linear metal shaft material or the metal tube which is the work W is held at a proper interval (initial gripping interval) D 0 by a pair of rotating holders facing each other, and the yield stress lowering step and the compression molding step are performed. After that, the distance D 1 between both rotary holders, which became narrower due to the molding of the enlarged portion, was changed to the distance D 2 (D
1 <D 2 ) Reholding by both rotary holders, further performing the yield stress lowering step and the compression molding step, and repeating these steps to form a desired enlarged portion.
【０００７】請求項１の発明によれば、初期掴み間隔Ｄ
０をおいて両回転保持体で保持されたワークＷに圧縮圧
力を作用させない状態で、ワークＷの耐力以上の応力が
作用する曲げと回転を加えることによって、ワークＷに
曲げと曲げ戻しを繰り返し作用させる状態となって、バ
ウシンガー効果により降伏応力を低下させることができ
る。つまり、ワークＷの降伏応力の低下に伴い、圧縮成
形工程で作用させる圧縮圧力を極めて小さくすることが
できる。そのため、加工機自体の両回転保持体の保持力
と耐スラスト荷重も小さくすることができる。なお、こ
の発明において得られる肥大部を備えた金属軸材は曲げ
と回転及び圧縮圧力により成形されているので肥大部は
加工硬化し、ワークＷ自体の強度はほとんど低下しない
ものが得られる。請求項２の発明によれば、降伏応力低
下工程によりワークＷの降伏応力を低下させた後、圧縮
成形工程を行い、さらに圧縮圧力を作用させない状態で
曲げと回転を加え、ワークＷの初期軸径から若干拡径し
た肥大部の降伏応力を低下させる。そして、圧縮成形工
程を行い肥大部を膨出させるものである。そのために、
通常ワークＷの軸径の膨出に伴い作用させる圧縮圧力を
増大させなければならないが、これを抑えることができ
軸径が大きくなっても小さな圧縮圧力で大きな肥大部を
得ることができる。請求項３の発明によれば、降伏応力
低下工程後、圧縮成形工程を行い、然る後、圧縮成形工
程によって狭くなった両保持部の間隔Ｄ１を再度両回転
保持体により間隔Ｄ２で保持した状態で、降伏応力低下
工程と圧縮成形工程を行うので、小さな圧縮圧力で大径
かつ幅広の肥大部を成形することができる。According to the invention of claim 1, the initial gripping interval D
Repeating bending and bending back of the work W by applying bending and rotation in which stress greater than the proof stress of the work W acts in a state in which the work W held by both rotary holders is set to 0 and no compression pressure is applied. The yield stress can be lowered by the Bauschinger effect in the activated state. That is, as the yield stress of the work W decreases, the compression pressure applied in the compression molding process can be made extremely small. Therefore, the holding force of both rotary holders of the processing machine itself and the thrust load resistance can also be reduced. In addition, since the metal shaft material having the enlarged portion obtained in the present invention is formed by bending, rotation and compression pressure, the enlarged portion is work-hardened and the strength of the work W itself is hardly reduced. According to the invention of claim 2, after the yield stress of the work W is reduced by the yield stress lowering step, the compression forming step is performed, and bending and rotation are applied without applying a compression pressure to obtain the initial axis of the work W. Yield stress of the enlarged part slightly expanded from the diameter is reduced. Then, a compression molding step is performed to swell the enlarged portion. for that reason,
Normally, it is necessary to increase the compression pressure applied with the bulging of the shaft diameter of the work W, but this can be suppressed and a large enlarged portion can be obtained with a small compression pressure even if the shaft diameter becomes large. According to the invention of claim 3, the compression molding step is performed after the yield stress lowering step, and thereafter, the distance D 1 between the both holding portions narrowed by the compression molding step is again set to the distance D 2 by the both rotary holding bodies. Since the yield stress lowering step and the compression molding step are performed in the state of being held, it is possible to mold a large diameter and wide enlarged portion with a small compression pressure.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面に表された本発明の実
施の形態を例示しつつ、本発明をより具体的に説明す
る。まず、本発明の軸肥大加工方法を用いて肥大部を成
形する拡軸加工機１は、図４乃至図６に示すように床上
に載置されるベースフレーム２上に設けられた駆動回転
保持体３と該駆動回転保持体３を回転させる駆動手段４
と、前記駆動回転保持体３を水平位置から上方へ偏倚さ
せる偏倚手段５と、前記駆動回転保持体３に対向して設
けられる従動回転保持体６と、該従動回転部６を前記駆
動回転部３に相対的に接近あるいは離反させワークＷに
圧縮圧力を作用させる加圧手段７とから主に構成されて
いる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described more specifically while exemplifying the embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings. First, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the expanding machine 1 for forming an enlarged portion using the axial enlargement processing method of the present invention has a drive rotation hold provided on a base frame 2 placed on a floor. Body 3 and drive means 4 for rotating the drive rotation holder 3
A biasing means 5 for biasing the drive rotation holding body 3 upward from a horizontal position, a driven rotation holding body 6 provided facing the drive rotation holding body 3, and the driven rotation unit 6 as the drive rotation unit. 3, and a pressurizing means 7 for exerting a compressive pressure on the work W by moving the work W relatively close to or away from the work W.
【０００９】次に上述した各部についてより詳しく説明
する。拡軸加工機１のベースフレーム２は、前後方向の
補強部材８前後端に固着した設置部材９，９上に前側支
柱１０，１０及び後側支柱１１，１１を立設し、後側支
柱１１，１１上部に平面視において後方側が開口した略
々コ字状のリンク支持部材１２と、該リンク支持部材１
２と前記前側支柱１０，１０に固着された支持部材１３
とからなる。そして、この支持部材１３の前方部には回
動支持部材１４，１４が固着されている。Next, the above-mentioned parts will be described in more detail. In the base frame 2 of the shaft expanding machine 1, the front columns 10, 10 and the rear columns 11, 11 are erected on the installation members 9, 9 fixed to the front and rear ends of the front-rear reinforcing member 8, and the rear column 11 is installed. , 11 and a substantially U-shaped link support member 12 that is open at the rear side in plan view, and the link support member 1
2 and a support member 13 fixed to the front columns 10 and 10
Consists of. Rotational support members 14, 14 are fixed to the front portion of the support member 13.
【００１０】前記駆動回転保持体３は中空の支持筒体１
５の両側部に支持プレート１６，１６が固着され、上記
回動支持部材１４，１４に回動支軸１７，１７により、
回動自在に軸着されている。そして支持筒体１５には保
持筒１８が軸回りに回転自在にベアリング１９，２０を
介して支承されている。該保持筒１８内部前端部には雌
ネジ部を、後端部にはテーパ部が設けられている。さら
に、該保持筒１８の内部には、軸材Ｗを保持する保持部
としてチャック部材２１，２１，２１を嵌め込んでい
る。該チャック部材２１，２１，２１は中空の筒体の端
部外周部に前記保持筒１８後端部のテーパ部に相対する
テーパ角のテーパ部を設け、さらに該筒体を複数に分割
したものである。そして、該チャック部材２１，２１，
２１前部に保持子２２を嵌め込み、これを中空のボルト
部材２３によって、後方へ押し込みできる構成に成って
いる。すなわち、ボルト部材２３を締め付けることによ
って、チャック部材２１，２１，２１を後方へ押し出
し、チャック部材２１，２１，２１と保持筒１８のテー
パ部の作用によりチャック部材２１，２１，２１の空孔
部が縮小し、ワークＷを挟持できる構成となっている。
さらに、前記駆動回転保持体３の支持筒体１５下部には
プレート２４が固着されており、該プレート２４に駆動
源となるモータ２５の取付部材２６が固着されている。The drive rotation holder 3 is a hollow support cylinder 1.
Support plates 16 and 16 are fixed to both side portions of 5, and the rotation support members 14 and 14 are connected to the rotation support shafts 17 and 17, respectively.
It is pivotally mounted. A holding cylinder 18 is rotatably supported on the support cylinder 15 via bearings 19 and 20 about its axis. A female screw portion is provided at the front end of the inside of the holding cylinder 18, and a taper portion is provided at the rear end. Further, inside the holding cylinder 18, chuck members 21, 21, 21 are fitted as holding portions for holding the shaft W. The chuck members 21, 21, 21 have a hollow cylindrical body provided with a taper portion having a taper angle corresponding to the taper portion of the rear end portion of the holding cylinder 18 on the outer peripheral portion of the end portion, and the cylinder body is further divided into a plurality of parts. Is. Then, the chuck members 21, 21,
The holder 22 is fitted in the front portion of the member 21 and can be pushed rearward by the hollow bolt member 23. That is, by tightening the bolt member 23, the chuck members 21, 21, 21 are pushed rearward, and the holes of the chuck members 21, 21, 21 are caused by the action of the taper portions of the chuck members 21, 21, 21 and the holding cylinder 18. Is reduced and the work W can be clamped.
Further, a plate 24 is fixed to the lower portion of the support cylinder 15 of the drive / rotation holder 3 and a mounting member 26 for a motor 25 serving as a drive source is fixed to the plate 24.
【００１１】前記保持筒１８の前部には駆動手段４とし
て従動歯車２７を取付けている。２８は該従動歯車を固
定するナット部材である。そして、駆動源となるモータ
２５が前記取付部材２６に固定され、この出力軸に取付
けた駆動歯車２９が上記従動歯車２７と噛合している。
すなわち、駆動回転保持部３はモータ２５の回転が駆動
歯車２９から従動歯車２７へ伝達され、保持筒１８が回
転する構成となっている。A driven gear 27 is attached to the front portion of the holding cylinder 18 as the driving means 4. 28 is a nut member for fixing the driven gear. A motor 25 as a drive source is fixed to the mounting member 26, and a drive gear 29 mounted on the output shaft meshes with the driven gear 27.
That is, the drive rotation holding unit 3 is configured such that the rotation of the motor 25 is transmitted from the drive gear 29 to the driven gear 27 and the holding cylinder 18 rotates.
【００１２】次に、ワークＷの軸心を傾斜させる偏倚手
段５について説明する。上記前側支柱１０，１０前方部
に駆動源となるモータ３０を取付部材３１に取付け、上
下に回動自在に軸着し、該モータ３０の出力軸にカラー
３２を介して取付けられたネジ３３と、該ネジ３３に螺
着されるナット３４と、該ナット３４を前記駆動回転保
持体３から下方に固着したアーム３５，３５に回動自在
にピン３６により枢支したものである。このように構成
した偏倚手段５はモータ３０の正逆転によってナット３
４が前後に移動する。それに伴い前記回動支軸１７，１
７を回動中心として駆動回転保持体３が上下に回動する
構成である。Next, the biasing means 5 for inclining the axis of the work W will be described. A motor 30 serving as a drive source is attached to a mounting member 31 on the front portion of the front columns 10 and 10, and is vertically rotatably attached to a shaft. A screw 33 is attached to an output shaft of the motor 30 via a collar 32. The nut 34 is screwed to the screw 33, and the nut 34 is rotatably supported by a pin 36 on arms 35, 35 fixed downward from the drive rotation holder 3. The biasing means 5 configured in this manner allows the nut 30 to move when the motor 30 rotates forward and backward.
4 moves back and forth. Accordingly, the rotation support shafts 17, 1
The drive rotation holder 3 rotates up and down around the rotation center 7.
【００１３】なお、偏倚手段５は本実施例に限らず、例
えば、回動支軸を軸心として駆動回転保持体が回動自在
となるよう構成し、リンク式加圧手段あるいは流体シリ
ンダ等の加圧手段等で軸材Ｗの軸心と交差する方向の力
を作用させて傾斜させるものであってもよい。また、偏
倚手段５は駆動回転部を上下回動する構成であるが、水
平回動するものであっても何ら問題はない。The biasing means 5 is not limited to this embodiment, and for example, the drive rotation holding body is configured to be rotatable about a rotation support shaft as an axis, and a link type pressurizing means or a fluid cylinder is used. It is also possible to apply a force in a direction intersecting the axis of the shaft W by means of a pressing means or the like to incline it. Further, although the biasing means 5 is configured to rotate the drive rotating portion up and down, there is no problem even if it is horizontally rotated.
【００１４】そして、上述してきた駆動回転保持体３に
対向するように従動回転保持体６が設けられている。該
従動回転保持体６は支持部材１３，１３上面に止着され
たプレート３７に固着された摺動保持筒３８に前後に摺
動可能に挿通されている。この従動回転保持体６は、中
空の支持筒体３９に保持筒４０がベアリング４１，４２
軸回りに回転自在に支承されている。該保持筒４０内部
には空孔部が設けられ、この空孔部前端部はネジ部とな
っており、外周部にネジ部を設けたスリーブ４３を螺着
している。そして該スリーブ４３後端部には保持子４４
を嵌め込んでいる。なお、前記保持筒４０後部外周部に
もネジ部が形成されており、保持子４４の抜け止めキャ
ップ４５が螺着されている。さらに、支持筒体３９後部
には押圧キャップ４６が螺着されている。A driven rotation holder 6 is provided so as to face the drive rotation holder 3 described above. The driven rotation holder 6 is slidably inserted back and forth in a slide holder cylinder 38 fixed to a plate 37 fixed to the upper surfaces of the support members 13 and 13. The driven rotation holder 6 includes a hollow support cylinder 39, a holding cylinder 40, and bearings 41, 42.
It is rotatably supported around the axis. A hole portion is provided inside the holding cylinder 40, and a front end portion of the hole portion is a screw portion, and a sleeve 43 having a screw portion on the outer peripheral portion is screwed. A retainer 44 is provided at the rear end of the sleeve 43.
Has been fitted. A screw portion is also formed on the outer peripheral portion of the rear portion of the holding cylinder 40, and a retaining cap 45 of the retainer 44 is screwed. Further, a pressing cap 46 is screwed on the rear portion of the support cylinder 39.
【００１５】従動回転保持体６の後側には加圧手段７が
設けられている。この加圧手段７は、前記従動回転保持
体６を駆動回転保持体３に向かって押圧するもので、ベ
ースフレーム２の前部に一端部が止着された流体シリン
ダである油圧シリンダ４７の伸縮によって作動する。こ
の油圧シリンダ４７の他端部はリンク支持部材１２に回
動自在に枢着された反転リンク４８の下端部に軸着され
ている。そして、該反転リンク４８上部及び上記押圧キ
ャップ４５に接続アーム４９を取付けている。すなわ
ち、油圧シリンダ４７の伸縮によって反転リンク４８が
前後に回動し、それを接続アーム４９を介して従動回転
保持体６が摺動保持筒３８内を前後に摺動する構成であ
る。Pressurizing means 7 is provided on the rear side of the driven rotation holder 6. The pressurizing means 7 presses the driven rotary holder 6 toward the drive rotary holder 3, and expands and contracts the hydraulic cylinder 47, which is a fluid cylinder having one end fixed to the front portion of the base frame 2. Works by. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 47 is pivotally attached to the lower end of a reversing link 48 pivotally attached to the link support member 12 so as to be rotatable. A connecting arm 49 is attached to the upper part of the reversing link 48 and the pressing cap 45. That is, the expansion / contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 47 causes the reversing link 48 to rotate back and forth, and the driven rotation holder 6 slides back and forth in the slide holding cylinder 38 via the connecting arm 49.
【００１６】図面においては、各モータ２５，３０及び
油圧シリンダ４７の制御装置は図示していないが、各モ
ータの回転数あるいは加圧時の圧力は任意に設定できる
ものであると共に、偏倚手段５については角度を任意に
設定できるものである。Although the control devices for the motors 25 and 30 and the hydraulic cylinder 47 are not shown in the drawings, the number of revolutions of each motor or the pressure at the time of pressurization can be arbitrarily set and the biasing means 5 can be set. For, the angle can be set arbitrarily.
【００１７】さらに、図面に示した拡軸加工機は、両回
転保持体３，６内の保持子２２，４４を軸材で構成し、
ワークＷが短い場合の加工に適したものを示している。
しかし、長尺軸の中間部に肥大部を設ける場合には、前
記保持子２２，４４を中空とし、駆動回転保持体３と同
様にワークＷを挟持できる構成とすればよい。Further, in the shaft expanding machine shown in the drawings, the holders 22 and 44 in both the rotary holders 3 and 6 are made of a shaft material,
A work piece suitable for processing when the work W is short is shown.
However, when the enlarged portion is provided in the middle portion of the long shaft, the holders 22 and 44 may be hollow so that the work W can be sandwiched similarly to the drive rotation holder 3.
【００１８】上記の構成による拡軸加工機１を用いて第
一の発明に係る軸肥大加工方法による拡軸加工を行う手
順を図１を用いて説明する。まず従動回転保持体６のス
リーブ４３と駆動回転保持体３のチャック部材２１の軸
心が同一直線状に配置されるようにセットする。そし
て、前記スリーブ４３にワークＷを挿通し、油圧シリン
ダ４７を伸長させる。油圧シリンダ４７が伸長すると反
転リンク４８が反時計回り（図５の状態から図６の状
態）に回動し、接続アーム４９を介して、従動回転保持
体６を駆動回転保持体３側に移動する。さらに、油圧シ
リンダ４７の伸長を続けるとワークＷを駆動回転保持体
３のチャック部材２１に挿通される。ワークＷが駆動回
転部３のチャック部材２１に挿通された後、チャック部
材２１とスリーブ４３間に初期掴み間隔Ｄ０をとり、油
圧シリンダ４７を停止させる。然る後、ボルト部材２３
を捩じ込むことによってチャック部材２１でワークＷを
挟持する。A procedure for expanding the shaft by the shaft expanding processing method according to the first aspect of the invention using the shaft expanding machine 1 having the above-mentioned configuration will be described with reference to FIG. First, the sleeve 43 of the driven rotation holder 6 and the chuck member 21 of the drive rotation holder 3 are set so that the axes thereof are arranged in the same straight line. Then, the work W is inserted into the sleeve 43 and the hydraulic cylinder 47 is extended. When the hydraulic cylinder 47 extends, the reversing link 48 rotates counterclockwise (from the state of FIG. 5 to the state of FIG. 6) and moves the driven rotation holder 6 to the drive rotation holder 3 side via the connection arm 49. To do. Further, when the hydraulic cylinder 47 continues to extend, the work W is inserted into the chuck member 21 of the drive rotation holder 3. After the work W is inserted into the chuck member 21 of the drive rotating unit 3, the initial gripping interval D 0 is set between the chuck member 21 and the sleeve 43, and the hydraulic cylinder 47 is stopped. After that, the bolt member 23
The work W is clamped by the chuck member 21 by screwing.
【００１９】次に、回転駆動源となるモータ２５を作動
させ、ワークＷを軸周りに回転させる。そして、偏倚手
段５の駆動源であるモータ３０を作動させ、回動支軸１
７を中心として駆動回転保持体３を上方へ回動させる。
このときの曲げ角度は、初期掴み間隔Ｄ０内のワークＷ
に耐力を超える曲げ応力が加わる程度とする。この状態
においてワークＷには曲げ曲げ戻しが繰り返し作用する
こととなり、ワークＷの降伏応力をバウシンガー効果に
より非常に低くすることができる。ワークＷの降伏応力
を低下させると初期の状態と比較して非常に小さな負荷
によって塑性変形を行うことができるので、本軸肥大加
工方法においてワークＷに作用させる圧縮圧力も小さく
することが可能となった。上記降伏応力低下工程を終了
させた後、加圧手段７である油圧シリンダ４７を伸長さ
せ、従動回転保持体６を駆動回転保持体３側に接近させ
ることによって、ワークＷに圧縮圧力を作用させる。こ
のように、ワークＷに回転と曲げ、さらに圧縮圧力を作
用させることによって、曲げ内側に生じた凸部をワーク
Ｗ全周にわたって累積させ所望の肥大部を成形すること
ができる。このときワークＷに作用させる圧縮圧力は降
伏応力低下工程によって低下した降伏応力を超える程度
の圧縮圧力でよく、降伏応力低下工程をしなかった場合
の圧縮圧力と比較しても非常に小さなものでよい。そし
て、所望の肥大部が成形されれば、次に偏倚手段５の駆
動源であるモータ３０を作動させ、駆動回転保持体３の
チャック部材２１と従動回転保持体６のスリーブ４３の
軸心が同一直線状になるよう両回転保持体３，６を配置
し、この状態で数回転させワークＷの真直化を行う。然
る後、圧縮圧力と回転を停止後、従動回転保持体６を後
方へ移動させ、ボルト部材２３を緩めてワークＷを抜き
取ればよい。なお、この方法により成形される肥大部を
備えた軸材は、降伏応力低下工程によって加工軟化した
状態となるが、圧縮圧力を加えた状態での圧縮成形工程
によって加工硬化するので、ワークＷの初期の強度をほ
とんど低下させることなく成形することができる。Next, the motor 25, which serves as a rotary drive source, is operated to rotate the work W about its axis. Then, the motor 30, which is the drive source of the biasing means 5, is operated to turn the rotation support shaft 1
The drive rotation holder 3 is rotated upward about 7 as a center.
The bending angle at this time is the work W within the initial gripping interval D 0 .
The bending stress that exceeds the proof stress is applied to. In this state, the work W is repeatedly bent and bent, and the yield stress of the work W can be made extremely low by the Bausinger effect. When the yield stress of the work W is reduced, it is possible to perform plastic deformation with a very small load as compared with the initial state, so it is possible to reduce the compression pressure applied to the work W in the axial enlargement processing method. became. After the yield stress lowering step is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 47, which is the pressurizing means 7, is extended to bring the driven rotation holder 6 closer to the drive rotation holder 3 side, thereby exerting a compression pressure on the work W. . As described above, by rotating and bending the work W and further applying the compressive pressure, the convex portions generated on the inner side of the bending can be accumulated over the entire circumference of the work W to form a desired enlarged portion. At this time, the compressive pressure applied to the work W may be a compressive pressure that exceeds the yield stress lowered by the yield stress lowering step, and is much smaller than the compressive pressure when the yield stress lowering step is not performed. Good. Then, when the desired enlarged portion is formed, the motor 30 which is the drive source of the biasing means 5 is then actuated, and the axial center of the chuck member 21 of the drive rotation holder 3 and the sleeve 43 of the driven rotation holder 6 is changed. Both rotary holders 3 and 6 are arranged so as to be in the same straight line, and in this state, the work W is straightened by rotating several times. After that, after the compression pressure and the rotation are stopped, the driven rotation holder 6 is moved backward, the bolt member 23 is loosened, and the work W may be extracted. The shaft material having the enlarged portion formed by this method is in a work-softened state by the yield stress lowering step, but is work-hardened by the compression-forming step in the state where the compression pressure is applied. It can be molded with almost no decrease in initial strength.
【００２０】なお、ワークＷの材質と軸径、さらに成形
する肥大部の大きさによって両回転保持体間の間隔と曲
げ角度、さらに圧縮圧力、回転数は適宜最適なもので行
えばよい。Depending on the material of the work W, the shaft diameter, and the size of the enlarged portion to be molded, the gap between both rotary holders, the bending angle, the compression pressure, and the rotation speed may be appropriately optimized.
【００２１】次に第二の発明に係る軸肥大加工方法につ
いて図２を用いて説明する。この第二の発明は第一の発
明における圧縮成形工程の後、再度降伏応力低下工程を
行い、成形された肥大部の降伏応力を低下させる。然る
後、圧縮成形工程を行うものである。この降伏応力低下
工程と圧縮成形工程を数回繰り返し、所望の肥大部を得
る方法である。この発明によれば、所望の肥大部を得る
ために、通常はワークＷの軸径の膨出に伴い作用させる
圧縮圧力を増大させなければならないが、これを抑える
ことができ軸径が大きくなっても小さな圧縮圧力で大き
な肥大部を得ることができる。Next, a shaft enlargement processing method according to the second invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the second invention, after the compression molding step in the first invention, the yield stress lowering step is performed again to reduce the yield stress of the molded enlarged portion. After that, the compression molding process is performed. This is a method of obtaining the desired enlarged portion by repeating the yield stress lowering step and the compression molding step several times. According to the present invention, in order to obtain a desired thickened portion, it is usually necessary to increase the compression pressure applied with the bulging of the shaft diameter of the work W, but this can be suppressed and the shaft diameter becomes large. Even with a small compression pressure, a large enlarged portion can be obtained.
【００２２】そして、第三の発明に係る軸肥大加工方法
について図３を用いて説明する。これは第二の発明と同
様に降伏応力低下工程と圧縮成形工程を数回繰り返すも
のであるが、圧縮成形工程後、両回転保持体３，６間に
間隔Ｄ２をとり、両回転保持体３，６によってワークＷ
を保持する。然る後、降伏応力低下工程と圧縮成形工程
を行うものである。成形する肥大部の大きさによっては
これを数回繰り返す。この方法によれば、第一あるいは
第二の発明によって成形される肥大部よりも幅広かつ大
径の肥大部を極めて小さい圧縮圧力で成形することがで
きる。The shaft enlargement processing method according to the third invention will be described with reference to FIG. This is the same as the second invention, in which the yield stress lowering step and the compression molding step are repeated several times. However, after the compression molding step, there is a space D 2 between the two rotary holders 3 and 6, and both rotary holders Work W by 3, 6
Hold. After that, the yield stress lowering step and the compression molding step are performed. This is repeated several times depending on the size of the enlarged portion to be formed. According to this method, it is possible to mold an enlarged portion that is wider and has a larger diameter than the enlarged portion formed according to the first or second invention, with an extremely small compression pressure.
【００２３】[0023]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明の軸肥大加工
方法は、ワークに曲げと回転及び圧縮圧力を作用させ、
ワークの任意の位置に肥大部を形成する方法であり、か
つ圧縮圧力を作用させる前に、ワークに回転と曲げを加
えることによって、曲げ・曲げ戻しがワーク全周に作用
するためにバウシンガー効果による降伏応力の低下が起
きる。これによってワークが小さな圧縮圧力で塑性変形
する状態となるので従来の方法よりも小さな圧縮圧力を
作用させることで所望の肥大部を得ることが可能となっ
た。そのため、加工機にかかるストレスが小さくて済
み、加工機の構成をコンパクトにすることが可能となっ
た。As described above, according to the shaft enlargement processing method of the present invention, the work is subjected to bending, rotation and compression pressure,
It is a method to form a thickened part at an arbitrary position of the work, and by applying rotation and bending to the work before applying compressive pressure, bending / bending back acts on the entire circumference of the work so that the Bausinger effect A decrease in yield stress occurs due to. As a result, the work is brought into a state of being plastically deformed with a small compression pressure, so that it becomes possible to obtain a desired enlarged portion by applying a compression pressure smaller than in the conventional method. Therefore, the stress applied to the processing machine is small, and the configuration of the processing machine can be made compact.
【図１】第一の発明の軸肥大加工方法の加工順序を示す
説明図
（ａ）図はワークＷの装填状態を示す説明図
（ｂ）図はワークＷに回転と曲げを加えた状態（降伏応
力低下工程）を示す説明図
（ｃ）図はワークＷに回転と曲げ及び圧縮圧力を作用さ
せた状態（圧縮成形工程）を示す説明図
（ｄ）図は（ｃ）図の状態からさらに圧縮圧力を作用さ
せた状態（圧縮成形工程）を示す説明図
（ｅ）図は（ｄ）図の状態からさらに圧縮圧力を作用さ
せた状態（圧縮成形工程）を示す説明図
（ｆ）図は曲げを戻し、ワークＷを真直化する状態（真
直化工程）を示す説明図FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a processing sequence of a shaft enlargement processing method of the first invention (a) is an explanatory view showing a loaded state of a work W (b) is a state in which a work W is rotated and bent ( Explanatory diagram showing yield stress lowering step) (c) is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the work W is subjected to rotation, bending and compression pressure (compression molding step). Explanatory drawing showing a state (compression molding step) where a compression pressure is applied. FIG. (E) is an explanatory view showing a state (compression molding step) where a compression pressure is further applied from the state of FIG. Explanatory drawing showing a state (straightening step) of returning the bending and straightening the work W
【図２】第二の発明の軸肥大加工方法の加工順序を示す
説明図
（ａ）図はワークＷの装填状態を示す説明図
（ｂ）図はワークＷに回転と曲げを加えた状態（降伏応
力低下工程）を示す説明図
（ｃ）図はワークＷに回転と曲げ及び圧縮圧力を作用さ
せた状態（圧縮成形工程）を示す説明図
（ｄ）図は圧縮圧力を停止し、回転と曲げを加えた状態
（降伏応力低下工程）を示す説明図
（ｅ）図はワークＷに回転と曲げ及び圧縮圧力を作用さ
せた状態（圧縮成形工程）を示す説明図
（ｆ）図は曲げを戻し、ワークＷを真直化する状態（真
直化工程）を示す説明図FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a processing sequence of a shaft enlargement processing method of the second invention (a) is an explanatory view showing a loading state of a work W (b) is a state in which the work W is rotated and bent ( Explanatory diagram (yield stress lowering step) (c) is an explanatory view showing a state in which the work W is subjected to rotation, bending and compression pressure (compression molding step) (d) is a diagram in which compression pressure is stopped and rotation is performed. An explanatory view (e) showing a state in which bending is applied (yield stress lowering step) is an explanatory view showing a state (compression molding step) in which rotation, bending and compression pressure are applied to the work W. (f) is a bending figure Explanatory drawing which shows the state (straightening process) of returning and straightening the work W.
【図３】本発明の軸肥大加工方法の加工順序を示す説明
図
（ａ）図はワークＷの装填状態を示す説明図
（ｂ）図はワークＷに回転と曲げを加えた状態（降伏応
力低下工程）を示す説明図
（ｃ）図はワークＷに回転と曲げ及び圧縮圧力を作用さ
せた状態（圧縮成形工程）を示す説明図
（ｄ）図は掴み間隔Ｄ２として両回転保持部で再度保持
した状態を示す説明図
（ｅ）図はワークＷに回転と曲げを加えた状態（降伏応
力低下工程）を示す説明図
（ｆ）図はワークＷに回転と曲げ及び圧縮圧力を作用さ
せた状態（圧縮成形工程）を示す説明図
（ｇ）図は曲げを戻し、ワークＷを真直化する状態（真
直化工程）を示す説明図3A and 3B are explanatory views showing a processing sequence of the shaft enlargement processing method of the present invention. FIG. 3A is an explanatory view showing a loaded state of the work W. FIG. 3B is a state in which the work W is rotated and bent (yield stress). (C) is an explanatory view showing a state in which the work W is subjected to rotation, bending and compression pressure (compression molding step) (d) is a gripping interval D 2 in both rotation holding parts. The explanatory diagram (e) showing the state where the workpiece W is held again is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the work W is rotated and bent (yield stress lowering step). The figure (f) is the diagram where the work W is subjected to rotation, bending and compression pressure. (G) is an explanatory view showing a state (compression molding step) in which the work W is straightened and the work W is straightened (straightening step).
【図４】本発明の軸肥大加工方法を用いた加工を行う加
工装置の一実施例を示す全体斜視図FIG. 4 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of a processing apparatus that performs processing using the shaft enlargement processing method of the present invention.
【図５】その全体側断面図FIG. 5 is an overall side sectional view thereof
【図６】加圧手段と偏倚手段を作動させた状態を示す全
体側断面図FIG. 6 is an overall side sectional view showing a state in which a pressurizing unit and a biasing unit are activated.
１ 拡軸加工機 ２ ベースフレーム ３ 駆動回転保持体 ４ 駆動手段 ５ 偏倚手段 ６ 従動回転保持体 ７ 加圧手段 1 Expanding machine 2 base frame 3 Drive rotation holder 4 drive means 5 means of bias 6 Driven rotation holder 7 Pressurizing means
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開2000−24732（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開2000−210748（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−45442（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭49−32858（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開2000−237832（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開2000−301265（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B21J 1/00 - 13/14 B21J 17/00 - 19/04 B21K 1/00 - 31/00 B21D 39/08 B21D 41/02 B21C 37/16 Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP 2000-24732 (JP, A) JP 2000-210748 (JP, A) JP 62-45442 (JP, A) JP 49-32858 (JP, A) ) JP 2000-237832 (JP, A) JP 2000-301265 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B21J 1/00-13/14 B21J 17/00- 19/04 B21K 1/00-31/00 B21D 39/08 B21D 41/02 B21C 37/16
Claims (3)
クＷである直線状の金属軸材あるいは金属管を適当な間
隔（初期掴み間隔）Ｄ０をおいて保持し、該ワークＷに
軸周りの回転と、前記回転保持体の少なくとも一方を他
方の回転保持体の軸心に対して傾斜する方向へ偏倚させ
ることによってワークＷに耐力以上の応力が作用する曲
げを加え、前記両回転保持体間のワークＷに曲げと曲げ
戻しを繰り返し作用させ、ワークＷの降伏応力を低下さ
せる降伏応力低下工程を行い、然る後、ワークＷに前記
回転と曲げ、さらに前記回転保持体の一方を他方に接近
させることによって圧縮圧力を作用させる圧縮成形工程
により、両回転保持体間のワークＷの曲げ部内側に形成
される凸部をワークＷの全周に累積させ所望の肥大部を
成形し、次に両回転保持体の軸心を直線状に配置するこ
とによるワークＷの真直化工程を行った後、圧縮圧力及
び回転を停止させることによってワークＷの中間部任意
の位置に所望の肥大部を成形することを特徴とした金属
軸材の軸肥大加工方法。1. A pair of rotating holders facing each other holds a linear metal shaft member or a metal tube, which is a work W, at an appropriate interval (initial gripping interval) D 0 and rotates the work W around its axis. Rotation and biasing at least one of the rotary holders in a direction inclined with respect to the axis of the other rotary holder, thereby bending the work W so that stress exceeding the proof stress acts on the workpiece. The work W in between is repeatedly bent and unbent to perform a yield stress lowering step of lowering the yield stress of the work W. After that, the work W is subjected to the rotation and the bending, and further, one of the rotation holders is attached to the other. By a compression molding step in which a compression pressure is exerted by approaching to, the convex portion formed inside the bent portion of the work W between both rotary holders is accumulated on the entire circumference of the work W to form a desired enlarged portion, Then both times After performing the straightening process of the work W by arranging the axis of the holding body in a straight line, stop the compression pressure and rotation to form a desired enlarged portion at an arbitrary position in the middle portion of the work W. A method for axially enlarging a metal shaft material.
クＷである直線状の金属軸材あるいは金属管を適当な間
隔（初期掴み間隔）Ｄ０をおいて保持し、請求項１記載
の降伏応力低下工程と圧縮成形工程を繰り返し行った
後、ワークＷの真直化工程を行い所望の肥大部を成形す
ることを特徴とした金属軸材の軸肥大加工方法。2. The yield according to claim 1, wherein a pair of rotary holders facing each other holds a linear metal shaft member or a metal tube, which is the work W, at an appropriate interval (initial gripping interval) D 0. A shaft enlargement processing method for a metal shaft material, which comprises performing a straightening process of a work W and forming a desired enlarged portion after repeating a stress lowering step and a compression forming step.
クＷである直線状の金属軸材あるいは金属管を適当な間
隔（初期掴み間隔）Ｄ０をおいて保持し、上記降伏応力
低下工程と圧縮成形工程を行った後、肥大部の成形に伴
って狭くなった両回転保持体間の間隔Ｄ１を間隔Ｄ
２（Ｄ１＜Ｄ２）として両回転保持体により再保持し、
更に上記降伏応力低下工程と圧縮成形工程を行い、これ
らの各工程を繰り返すことにより所望の肥大部を成形す
ることを特徴とした請求項２記載の金属軸材の軸肥大加
工方法。3. The yield stress lowering step, which comprises holding a linear metal shaft member or a metal tube, which is a work W, at an appropriate interval (initial gripping interval) D 0 by a pair of rotary holders facing each other, and performing the yield stress lowering step. After performing the compression molding step, the distance D 1 between both rotary holders, which became narrower due to the molding of the enlarged portion, was set to the distance D.
2 (D 1 <D 2 ) and re-hold by both rotary holders,
3. The shaft enlargement processing method for a metal shaft material according to claim 2, wherein the desired yielded portion is formed by further performing the yield stress lowering step and the compression forming step and repeating these steps.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001158016A JP3416662B2 (en) | 2001-05-28 | 2001-05-28 | Shaft enlargement processing method of metal shaft material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001158016A JP3416662B2 (en) | 2001-05-28 | 2001-05-28 | Shaft enlargement processing method of metal shaft material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002346684A JP2002346684A (en) | 2002-12-03 |
| JP3416662B2 true JP3416662B2 (en) | 2003-06-16 |
Family
ID=19001793
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001158016A Expired - Lifetime JP3416662B2 (en) | 2001-05-28 | 2001-05-28 | Shaft enlargement processing method of metal shaft material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3416662B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4610202B2 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2011-01-12 | 株式会社いうら | Heat-treatable shaft enlargement processing equipment |
| JP4939449B2 (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2012-05-23 | 株式会社いうら | How to enlarge shaft |
| JP5302592B2 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2013-10-02 | 高周波熱錬株式会社 | Workpiece enlargement processing method |
| JP5608495B2 (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2014-10-15 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Shaft enlargement forming method and manufacturing apparatus |
| JP6076301B2 (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2017-02-08 | ジヤトコ株式会社 | Shaft enlargement molding apparatus and shaft enlargement molding method |
| JP6824792B2 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2021-02-03 | ジヤトコ株式会社 | Shaft enlargement processing equipment and method of forming the enlarged part |
-
2001
- 2001-05-28 JP JP2001158016A patent/JP3416662B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2002346684A (en) | 2002-12-03 |
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