JP3415948B2 - Ship maneuvering method - Google Patents

Ship maneuvering method

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Publication number
JP3415948B2
JP3415948B2 JP29771594A JP29771594A JP3415948B2 JP 3415948 B2 JP3415948 B2 JP 3415948B2 JP 29771594 A JP29771594 A JP 29771594A JP 29771594 A JP29771594 A JP 29771594A JP 3415948 B2 JP3415948 B2 JP 3415948B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
rudder
hull
rudders
swung
degrees
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP29771594A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH08156889A (en
Inventor
顕二 百海
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Naikai Zosen Corp
Original Assignee
Naikai Zosen Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Naikai Zosen Corp filed Critical Naikai Zosen Corp
Priority to JP29771594A priority Critical patent/JP3415948B2/en
Publication of JPH08156889A publication Critical patent/JPH08156889A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3415948B2 publication Critical patent/JP3415948B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】 【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、3枚舵を有する船舶の
操船方法に関するものである。 【0002】 【従来の技術】従来、船舶における操船の向上を図るた
めに、船尾に舵を3枚設けたものがあり、例えば実開平
2−54699号公報および実開昭61−169796
号公報に開示されたものがある。前者の船舶において
は、プロペラの後方に設けられる主舵の他に、その少し
前方の両舷位置に、ブレーキ兼用の補助舵が設けられて
おり、制動の向上を図るようにされたものである。ま
た、後者の船舶においては、主舵とこの主舵の左右に同
一位置でもって補助舵が設けられており、やはり制動の
向上および回頭制御の向上を図るために設けられたもの
である。 【0003】 【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来の各
船舶の構成によると、3枚の舵が設けられているが、こ
れらは、緊急時などにおいて、両側の舵を外側に拡げる
ことにより、船体にブレーキをかける役目をしている
が、単に、両側の舵を拡げるだけでは、その制動効果が
不十分な場合があり、また回頭制御においても不十分で
あるという欠点がある。 【0004】そこで、本発明は上記問題を解消し得る船
舶の操船方法を提供することを目的とする。 【0005】 【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するた
め、本発明の船舶の操船方法は、一軸の推進器を有する
船体の推進器の後方に第1舵を配置するとともに、第1
舵の前方でかつ左右の位置に、第2舵および第3舵を配
置した船舶において、第1舵を船体中心線に対して90
度揺動させた状態で、上記第2舵および第3舵を、船体
中心線に対して互いに対称となる姿勢、または互いに平
行となる姿勢に揺動させる方法である。 【0006】 【作用】上記の構成において、第1舵を、船体中心線に
対して90度揺動させるとともに、左右の第2舵および
第3舵を、船体中心線に対して、互いに対称に例えば船
尾から見て、逆「ハ」の字状に揺動させることにより、
緊急停止を迅速にかつ短時間に行うことができ、また第
1舵を90度揺動させた状態で、第2舵および第3舵
を、互いに平行に揺動させることにより、港内での微速
操船を効果的に行うことができる。 【0007】 【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図1〜図6に基づ
き説明する。図1において、1は一軸の推進器(プロペ
ラ)2を有する船舶の船体を示し、この船体1の推進器
2の後方位置に、主舵(第1舵)3が配置され、またこ
の主舵3の少し前方かつ左右の位置に、補助舵(第2
舵,第3舵)4,5が配置されている。 【0008】ここで、上記3枚の舵3,4,5の使用方
法を、図面に基づき説明する。まず、船体1の緊急停止
時および港内後進モード時には、図2に示すように、主
舵3を90度例えば左舷側(勿論、右舷側でもよい)に
揺動させるとともに、両補助舵4,5を、その後縁端が
主舵3の端縁側に向くように、すなわち後方から見て逆
「ハ」の字状に揺動させる。 【0009】これら3枚の舵3〜5の動作により、水流
が主舵3側に集まり、その反力として船体1に大きい制
動力が作用して、制動時間が非常に短くなる。すなわ
ち、制動性能が向上する。この制動時において、水流の
せき止めが左右で対称となるため、過度の旋回を起こさ
ずに済む。また、3枚の舵3〜5が閉じた状態で、船体
1が停止するため、早い時期に、推進器2の逆転動作が
可能となり、推進器2による逆推進力が十分になった時
点で、舵3〜5を前進モードに、すなわち真っすぐにす
れば、緊急停止時間を短縮することができ、また後進を
早くすることができる。なお、舵3〜5を閉じた状態で
も、後進は可能である。 【0010】さらに、港内における後進モード時では、
3つの舵3〜5が抵抗となり、船体1がゆっくり後進す
る。すなわち、推進器2による後進では得られない微速
後進を行うことができる。 【0011】次に、船体1の港内前進モード時には、図
3に示すように、主舵3を90度例えば左舷側(勿論、
右舷側でもよい)に揺動させるとともに、両補助舵4,
5を、その後縁端が主舵3の端縁側と少し離れるよう
に、すなわち後方から見て「ハ」の字状に揺動させる。 【0012】これら3枚の舵3〜5の動作により、主舵
3により大きい抵抗が作用するとともに、両補助舵4,
5間に入った水流は、補助舵4,5の後縁と主舵3の端
縁との間に形成される隙間bから流れ出るため、船体1
に、ある程度の制動力が作用し、船体1がゆっくり前進
する。すなわち、推進器2による前進では得られない微
速前進を行うことができる。 【0013】次に、船体1の港内中立モード時には、図
4に示すように、主舵3を90度例えば左舷側(勿論、
右舷側でもよい)に揺動させるとともに、両補助舵4,
5を、船体中心線aと平行となるように揺動させる。 【0014】これら3枚の舵3〜5の動作により、港内
後進時と港内前進時とにおける場合の中間程度の抵抗が
船体1に作用する。すなわち、両補助舵4,5間に入っ
た水流は、補助舵4,5の後縁と主舵3の端縁との間に
形成される隙間bからある程度流れ出るため、船体1に
ある程度の後進力が作用し、したがって推進器2の推進
力と上記の後進力とが相殺され、中立状態(ホバリング
ともいう)を維持することができる。 【0015】次に、船体1の港内旋回モード時には、図
5または図6に示すように、主舵3を90度例えば左舷
側(勿論、右舷側でもよい)に揺動させるとともに、両
補助舵4,5を、互いに平行に、面かじとなるように、
または取りかじとなるように、揺動させればよい。 【0016】これら3枚の舵3〜5の動作により、主舵
3により大きい抵抗が作用するとともに、両補助舵4,
5の作用により、船体1は、右舷側にまたは左舷側に比
較的ゆっくりと旋回する。 【0017】上述した主舵3を90度揺動させた状態
で、補助舵4,5を、所定方向に揺動させることによ
り、船体1を容易に平行移動させ得るとともに、微速前
進、微速後進、小旋回運動も可能であり、したがって桟
橋への接岸および離岸時の操船を非常に容易行うことが
できる。 【0018】なお、3枚の舵3〜5を、同一方向に揺動
させることにより、その旋回動作すなわち回頭動作の性
能を向上させることができる。 【0019】 【発明の効果】以上のように本発明の構成によると、第
1舵を船体中心線に対して90度揺動させた状態で、左
右の第2舵および第3舵を、船体中心線に対して互いに
対称となる姿勢、または互いに平行となる姿勢に揺動さ
せることにより、緊急停止を短い時間で行うことがで
き、また港内での微速時における操船制御の向上を図る
ことができる。
Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for maneuvering a ship having three rudders. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to improve the maneuvering of a ship, there are three types of rudder provided at the stern, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-54699 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-169796.
Is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. HEI 9-203 (1995). In the former ship, in addition to the main rudder provided behind the propeller, an auxiliary rudder that also functions as a brake is provided at a position on both sides slightly ahead of the main rudder to improve braking. . Further, in the latter vessel, the main rudder and auxiliary rudders are provided at the same position on the left and right sides of the main rudder, and are also provided for improving braking and turning control. [0003] However, according to the structure of each of the above-mentioned conventional ships, three rudders are provided. These three rudders extend outward on both sides in an emergency or the like. Thus, although the hull serves to brake the vehicle, simply expanding the rudder on both sides may have an insufficient braking effect, and may also be insufficient in turning control. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a ship maneuvering method capable of solving the above problems. [0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for maneuvering a ship according to the present invention comprises disposing a first rudder behind a propulsion device of a hull having a uniaxial propulsion device, and 1
In a ship in which the second rudder and the third rudder are disposed in front of and on the left and right positions of the rudder, the first rudder is moved 90 degrees with respect to the hull center line.
This is a method in which the second rudder and the third rudder are swung to a posture symmetrical to each other with respect to the hull center line or to a posture parallel to each other in a state of being swung in degrees. In the above construction, the first rudder is swung by 90 degrees with respect to the hull center line, and the left and right second rudder and the third rudder are symmetrical with respect to the hull center line. For example, when viewed from the stern, by swinging in the shape of an inverted "C",
The emergency stop can be performed quickly and in a short time, and the second rudder and the third rudder are rocked in parallel with each other while the first rudder is rocked by 90 degrees, so that the slow speed in the port can be reduced. Maneuvering can be performed effectively. An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a hull of a ship having a uniaxial propeller (propeller) 2, and a main rudder (first rudder) 3 is disposed at a position behind the propulsor 2 of the hull 1. A little forward and left and right of 3
Rudder, third rudder) 4, 5 are arranged. Here, a method of using the three rudders 3, 4, and 5 will be described with reference to the drawings. First, at the time of the emergency stop of the hull 1 and the reverse mode in the harbor, as shown in FIG. 2, the main rudder 3 is swung 90 degrees, for example, to the port side (of course, the starboard side may be used). Is swung so that its rear edge is directed toward the edge of the main rudder 3, that is, in a reverse "C" shape when viewed from behind. Due to the operation of the three rudders 3 to 5, the water flow is collected on the main rudder 3 side, and a large braking force acts on the hull 1 as a reaction force thereof, so that the braking time is very short. That is, the braking performance is improved. At the time of this braking, the damming of the water flow is symmetrical on the left and right, so that excessive turning does not occur. Further, since the hull 1 stops in a state where the three rudders 3 to 5 are closed, the reversing operation of the propulsion device 2 becomes possible at an early stage, and when the reverse propulsion force by the propulsion device 2 becomes sufficient. If the rudders 3 to 5 are set in the forward mode, that is, straightened, the emergency stop time can be shortened and the reverse can be accelerated. In addition, even if the rudders 3 to 5 are closed, the vehicle can move backward. Further, in reverse mode in the harbor,
The three rudders 3 to 5 become resistance, and the hull 1 moves slowly backward. That is, it is possible to perform a very slow reverse that cannot be obtained by the reverse using the propulsion device 2. Next, in the forward mode of the hull 1 in the port, as shown in FIG. 3, the main rudder 3 is turned 90 degrees, for example, on the port side (of course,
(It may be on the starboard side.)
5 is swung so that its rear edge is slightly away from the edge side of the main rudder 3, that is, in a "C" shape when viewed from behind. By the operation of these three rudders 3 to 5, a larger resistance acts on the main rudder 3 and the two auxiliary rudders 4,
5 flows out from a gap b formed between the trailing edges of the auxiliary rudders 4 and 5 and the end edge of the main rudder 3, so that the hull 1
Then, a certain amount of braking force is applied, and the hull 1 moves forward slowly. That is, it is possible to perform a slow speed advance that cannot be obtained by the advance using the propulsion device 2. Next, when the hull 1 is in the port neutral mode, as shown in FIG. 4, the main rudder 3 is turned 90 degrees, for example, on the port side (of course,
(It may be on the starboard side.)
5 is swung so as to be parallel to the hull center line a. By the operation of these three rudders 3 to 5, an intermediate resistance between the backward movement in the port and the forward movement in the port acts on the hull 1. In other words, the water flowing between the two auxiliary rudders 4 and 5 flows to some extent from the gap b formed between the trailing edges of the auxiliary rudders 4 and 5 and the edge of the main rudder 3, so that the water flows to the hull 1 to some extent. The force acts, so that the propulsion force of the propulsion device 2 and the above-described reverse force are canceled, and a neutral state (also referred to as hovering) can be maintained. Next, when the hull 1 is in the port turning mode, as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, the main rudder 3 is swung 90 degrees, for example, to the port side (of course, to the starboard side). 4 and 5 are parallel to each other, so that they face each other,
Alternatively, it may be swung so as to be a steering wheel. By the operation of the three rudders 3 to 5, a larger resistance acts on the main rudder 3 and the two auxiliary rudders 4, 5
By the action of 5, the hull 1 relatively relatively turns to the starboard side or the port side. By swinging the auxiliary rudders 4 and 5 in a predetermined direction while the main rudder 3 is swung by 90 degrees, the hull 1 can be easily translated in parallel, and can be moved forward at a slow speed and moved backward at a slow speed. In addition, a small swiveling motion is also possible, so that maneuvering at the time of approaching and leaving the pier to and from the pier can be performed very easily. By swinging the three rudders 3 to 5 in the same direction, the performance of the turning operation, that is, the turning operation, can be improved. As described above, according to the structure of the present invention, the left and right second rudder and the third rudder are moved while the first rudder is swung 90 degrees with respect to the hull center line. By swinging to a position that is symmetrical with respect to the center line or a position that is parallel to each other, an emergency stop can be performed in a short time, and the control of maneuvering at low speed in the harbor can be improved. it can.

【図面の簡単な説明】 【図1】本発明の一実施例における船体の舵の配置状態
を示す平面図である。 【図2】同実施例の舵の揺動状態を示す平面図である。 【図3】同実施例の舵の揺動状態を示す平面図である。 【図4】同実施例の舵の揺動状態を示す平面図である。 【図5】同実施例の舵の揺動状態を示す平面図である。 【図6】同実施例の舵の揺動状態を示す平面図である。 【符号の説明】 1 船体 2 推進器 3 主舵 4,5 補助舵
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an arrangement state of a rudder of a hull in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a swinging state of a rudder according to the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a swinging state of a rudder according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a swinging state of the rudder of the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a swinging state of the rudder of the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a rudder swing state of the embodiment. [Description of Signs] 1 Hull 2 Propeller 3 Main rudder 4, 5 Auxiliary rudder

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) B63H 25/38 101 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B63H 25/38 101

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】一軸の推進器を有する船体の推進器の後方
に第1舵を配置するとともに、第1舵の前方でかつ左右
の位置に、第2舵および第3舵を配置した船舶におい
て、第1舵を船体中心線に対して90度揺動させた状態
で、上記第2舵および第3舵を、船体中心線に対して互
いに対称となる姿勢、または互いに平行となる姿勢に揺
動させることを特徴とする船舶の操船方法。
(57) [Claim 1] A first rudder is arranged behind a propulsion device of a hull having a uniaxial propulsion device, and a second rudder is provided in front of the first rudder and at left and right positions. And the second rudder and the third rudder are symmetrical to each other with respect to the hull center line in a state where the first rudder is swung by 90 degrees with respect to the hull center line. Or a rocking method in which the boats are swung so as to be parallel to each other.
JP29771594A 1994-12-01 1994-12-01 Ship maneuvering method Expired - Fee Related JP3415948B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29771594A JP3415948B2 (en) 1994-12-01 1994-12-01 Ship maneuvering method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP29771594A JP3415948B2 (en) 1994-12-01 1994-12-01 Ship maneuvering method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08156889A JPH08156889A (en) 1996-06-18
JP3415948B2 true JP3415948B2 (en) 2003-06-09

Family

ID=17850236

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP29771594A Expired - Fee Related JP3415948B2 (en) 1994-12-01 1994-12-01 Ship maneuvering method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3415948B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101225148B1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2013-01-22 삼성중공업 주식회사 Ship using propeller
JP6053494B2 (en) * 2012-12-18 2016-12-27 ジャパン・ハムワージ株式会社 Biaxial ship rudder
KR102358674B1 (en) * 2020-09-02 2022-02-07 대선조선주식회사 A folding type rudder apparatus and ship including the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH08156889A (en) 1996-06-18

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