JP3391781B2 - Soil excavation tool, civil engineering machine for soil excavation, and soil improvement method - Google Patents
Soil excavation tool, civil engineering machine for soil excavation, and soil improvement methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3391781B2 JP3391781B2 JP2001365491A JP2001365491A JP3391781B2 JP 3391781 B2 JP3391781 B2 JP 3391781B2 JP 2001365491 A JP2001365491 A JP 2001365491A JP 2001365491 A JP2001365491 A JP 2001365491A JP 3391781 B2 JP3391781 B2 JP 3391781B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- spiral blade
- shaft
- tip
- tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/06—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging screws
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2200/00—Geometrical or physical properties
- E02D2200/16—Shapes
- E02D2200/1671—Shapes helical or spiral
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明に係る土壌掘削工具、
スィベル、接続装置、土壌改良工法及び土壌浄化工法
は、軟弱な地盤の改良や汚染された土壌の浄化に関する
ものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The soil excavation tool according to the present invention,
The swivel, connecting device, soil improvement method and soil purification method relate to improvement of soft ground and purification of contaminated soil.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来軟弱地盤に機械工法で穴を掘る場合
には、崩落防止のためのベントナイト等の安定剤を水に
溶かして使用し、エアーとセメントの粉体と骨材(砂)
を圧送して排泥に置き換える機械撹拌工法がある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when digging holes in soft ground by a mechanical construction method, stabilizers such as bentonite for preventing collapse are dissolved in water before use, and powder of air and cement and aggregate (sand) are used.
There is a mechanical agitation method that pumps and replaces it with sludge.
【0003】従来の地盤改良工法では、超高圧噴射によ
る撹拌工法と大型クローラー杭打機によるオーガー撹拌
工法及びビット撹拌工法が主体であるが、超高圧噴射工
法では、撹拌杭を施工する場合にセメントミルクに20
MPa乃至40MPaの高圧をかけて、ノズルの先端か
ら噴射して圧力で杭を作る工法であるので排泥が多く出
て、又大型クローラー杭打機によるオーガー撹拌工法は
施工場所等に問題があった。In the conventional ground improvement method, the agitation method by ultra-high pressure injection, the auger agitation method by a large crawler pile driving machine and the bit agitation method are mainly used. In the ultra-high pressure injection method, cement is used when the agitation pile is constructed. 20 for milk
Since a high pressure of 40 MPa to 40 MPa is applied and the pile is ejected from the tip of the nozzle to create piles with pressure, a large amount of sludge is discharged, and the auger stirring construction method using a large crawler pile driver has problems in the construction site. It was
【0004】超高圧噴射撹拌工法では比較的コンパクト
な機械による工事が可能であるが、多量の排泥(排出ス
ライム)が発生し、環境上好ましくなく、又、この排泥
を処理しようとすれば高額な費用がかかるという問題が
ある。The ultra-high pressure jet agitation method allows construction with a relatively compact machine, but produces a large amount of sludge (exhaust slime), which is not environmentally preferable, and if this sludge is to be treated, There is a problem that it is expensive.
【0005】一方、大型クローラー杭打機によるオーガ
ー撹拌工法においては、施工機械が大型であり、施工で
きる場所が限定されるという問題と、施工のため大型プ
ラントの運搬、設置を必要とするため、広い場所を構え
なければならず、その費用も高額であるという問題があ
る。On the other hand, in the auger agitation method using a large crawler pile driving machine, the construction machine is large and the place where construction can be performed is limited, and since a large plant must be transported and installed for construction, There is a problem that a large place must be set up and the cost is high.
【0006】なお、産業活動の結果として、有害物質が
地中に漏れ、土壌が汚染されるということが近年問題と
なっている。有害物質の排出を抑えることは重要である
が、一旦排出されてしまってからは有効な解決手段はな
かった。有害物質を分解・中和するような薬剤を散布し
てもその効果は表面の土壌に限られ、地中深くまで処理
することは困難であるし、機械的に掘り返せば費用が大
きくなる上、地中の有害物質を地上に持ち出すことにも
なりうる。In recent years, as a result of industrial activities, harmful substances leak into the ground and soil is contaminated. It is important to suppress the emission of harmful substances, but once they have been emitted, there has been no effective solution. Even if a chemical that decomposes and neutralizes harmful substances is sprayed, its effect is limited to the soil on the surface, and it is difficult to treat it deep into the ground, and mechanical digging increases the cost. It can also bring out toxic substances in the ground to the ground.
【0007】軟弱地盤を強化するためには超高圧噴射撹
拌工法が有力であるが、発生する排泥により環境問題あ
るいは処理のための費用の問題が発生することはすでに
述べた。これを解決する有力な技術として、特開200
1−159130号公開特許公報に「機械撹拌エアーセ
メントミルク混合圧送工法及び装置」として、コンプレ
ッサにて空気を圧送し切削ビット先端部より空気を噴出
しながら切削ビットにて地盤を掘り進み、削孔完了後グ
ラウトポンプにてセメントミルクを圧送して切削ビット
にて掘削された土壌とセメントミルクを撹拌し地中杭を
造成する技術が記載されている。この技術によれば、切
削させた土壌とセメントミルクを完全に撹拌して地中杭
を形成させることにより排泥を地上に排出することな
く、環境問題を引き起こすことなく、しかも安価、簡便
に土壌強化工事を施工することができる。本発明は特開
2001−159130号公開特許公報に記載の発明に
関連するものであり、当該発明をより発展させるための
土壌掘削工具、スィベル、接続装置、土壌改良工法及び
土壌浄化工法を提供し、従来の工法に伴う排泥の発生に
よる環境問題及び大規模な設備による大きな費用の発生
という課題を解決することを目的とする。It has been already described that the ultrahigh pressure injection stirring method is effective for strengthening the soft ground, but the generated sludge causes environmental problems or cost problems for the treatment. As a promising technique for solving this, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1-159130, "Mechanical stirring air cement milk mixing pressure feeding method and device", air is pumped by a compressor and air is jetted from the tip of the cutting bit while digging the ground with the cutting bit and drilling holes. After the completion, a technique is described in which cement milk is pumped by a grout pump and the soil excavated by a cutting bit and the cement milk are stirred to form an underground pile. According to this technology, the soil that has been cut and the cement milk are thoroughly stirred to form underground piles so that the sludge is not discharged to the ground, environmental problems are not caused, and the soil is cheap and simple. Reinforcement work can be performed. The present invention relates to the invention described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-159130, and provides a soil excavating tool, a swivel, a connecting device, a soil improving method and a soil purifying method for further developing the invention. , It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems of environmental problems due to the generation of sludge due to the conventional construction method and the large cost of large-scale equipment.
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成するた
めに、本発明の土壌掘削工具は、先端より圧縮空気を噴
出する先導管と軸体と軸体の周囲に取り付けられたらせ
ん状羽根を有する土壌掘削工具であって、前記軸体にお
いてらせん状羽根が取り付けられる部分は軸方向に沿っ
て中央部が太く両端部が細くなるように構成されてお
り、前記らせん状羽根のループは先端部から中央部に向
かって径が広がり、また上部へ向かって径が小さくなる
形状であるものである。前記らせん状羽根の上面および
下面に土壌を撹拌するための複数の爪を設けて、土壌の
撹拌をより効果的に行うことができる。また、前記爪を
板状にして、軸体を中心とする円周に接する方向に設
け、撹拌をスムーズに行うことができ、さらに、前記爪
を長方形板状にしてらせん状羽根の上面の爪はらせん羽
根が下向きに進行する場合の回転時の進行方向側の角が
切り取られており、らせん状羽根の下面の爪はらせん羽
根が上向きに進行する場合の回転時の進行方向側の角が
切り取られているように構成して、爪による土壌の撹拌
とらせん状羽根の進退をよりスムーズにすることもでき
る。In order to achieve the above object, the soil excavation tool of the present invention is provided with a tip conduit for ejecting compressed air from the tip, a shaft, and a spiral blade attached around the shaft. In the soil excavating tool having, the portion of the shaft body to which the spiral blade is attached is configured such that the central portion is thick and both ends are thin along the axial direction, and the loop of the spiral blade is a tip. The shape is such that the diameter increases from the portion toward the central portion, and the diameter decreases toward the upper portion. By providing a plurality of claws for stirring the soil on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spiral blade, the soil can be stirred more effectively. In addition, the claws are plate-shaped and provided in a direction in contact with the circumference centered on the shaft body so that stirring can be performed smoothly. Further, the claws are rectangular plate-shaped and claws on the upper surface of the spiral blade. The angle on the advancing direction side during rotation when the spiral blade moves downward is cut off, and the claw on the lower surface of the spiral blade has the angle on the advancing direction side during rotation when the spiral blade advances upward. It can also be configured to be cut out to allow the nails to stir the soil and the spiral blades to move back and forth more smoothly.
【0009】[0009]
【0010】[0010]
【0011】そして、本発明の土木機械は、上述の土壌
掘削工具を上述のスィベル及び接続装置とともに作業台
車に取り付け、接続装置を介して土壌掘削工具を回転さ
せるものである。In the civil engineering machine of the present invention, the above-mentioned soil excavating tool is attached to the work carriage together with the above-mentioned swivel and connecting device, and the soil excavating tool is rotated through the connecting device.
【0012】また、上述の目的を達成するために、本発
明の土壌改良工法は、先導管と軸体と軸体の周囲に取り
付けられたらせん状羽根を有し、前記軸体においてらせ
ん状羽根が取り付けられる部分は軸方向に沿って中央部
が太く両端部が細くなるように構成され、前記らせん状
羽根のループは先端部から中央部に向かって径が広が
り、また上部へ向かって径が小さくなる形状であり、前
記らせん状羽根の上面および下面に土壌を撹拌するため
の複数の爪を設けた土壌掘削工具を回転させ、かつ先導
管より圧縮空気を噴出しながら土壌を掘削し、所定の深
さに達した後に土壌掘削工具を逆回転させて土壌を撹拌
させながららせん状羽根部よりセメントミルクを注入し
て土壌とセメントミルクを混合させ、土壌中に改良体を
造成するものである。注入剤としてセメントミルクのか
わりに土壌中の汚染物質を浄化する薬剤を使用すること
により、土壌浄化工法を実現することもできる。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the soil improvement method of the present invention has a leading conduit, a shaft, and a spiral blade attached around the shaft, and the spiral blade in the shaft. The part to which is attached is configured such that the central part becomes thicker and the both ends become thinner along the axial direction.The loop of the spiral blade expands from the tip part to the central part, and the diameter increases toward the upper part. It is a small shape, and the soil excavating tool provided with a plurality of claws for stirring the soil on the upper and lower surfaces of the spiral blade is rotated, and the soil is excavated while ejecting compressed air from the leading conduit, After reaching the depth of the soil, the soil excavation tool is rotated in the reverse direction to stir the soil while injecting cement milk from the spiral blade to mix the soil with the cement milk and create an improved body in the soil. A soil purification method can also be realized by using a chemical agent that purifies pollutants in soil instead of cement milk as an injecting agent.
【0013】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態につい
て説明する。図1は本発明に係る土壌掘削工具の一例を
示す斜視図であり、図2は同正面図、図3は同底面図で
ある。本発明に係る土壌掘削工具1は軸体のまわりにら
せん状羽根を有するループ式ビットである。先端に先導
管2を有し、切削チップ3が設けられている。切削チッ
プ3により地盤を切削しながら、先導管2が地中に入っ
ていく。先導管2に続いて軸体4が設けられ、その周囲
にらせん状羽根5が設けられている。軸体4は中空とな
っているが、図2に示すようにらせん状羽根5が設けら
れている部分は、軸方向に沿って中央部が太く両端部が
細くなるように構成されている。ここでは、図2に示す
ように円筒の両側に円錐を接続したような形状になって
おり、両端部から中央部へ向かって径が大きくなってい
る。そして、ループ状羽根5を含む全体の形状で見て
も、両端部から中央部へ向かって全体として径が大きく
なっている。ループ状羽根5の最大径は、排泥を発生さ
せないためには400mm以上であることが好ましく、
設備の規模を余り大きくしないためには2000mm以
下であることが好ましい。本例においてループ状羽根5
の最大径は1000mmである。また、軸体4の長さは
約800mmで、中央部分の約160mmは一定の太さ
となっており、上下の約320mmの範囲において軸径
は約140mmから約400mmへと一定の割合で変化
しており、そのテーパー角は22°程度である。後述す
るように軸体4のテーパー角はループ状羽根5が地中を
進行する場合にスムーズに土砂を後方に送るため有用な
機能を有するが、かかる機能を十分に発揮するためには
22°程度にするのが好ましい。ループ状羽根5は軸方
向に160mm進むごとに一周するようなピッチになっ
ており、軸体4の長さに沿って5周している。軸体4が
テーパー状になっている範囲ではループ状羽根5の外径
は中央部に向かって一定の割合で大きくなっている。一
方、軸体4の太さが一定である範囲では、ループ状羽根
5の外径も一定となっている。本例においてはループ状
羽根5は外径が最大の状態で完全に一周しており、底面
図で見れば外形は完全な円形を形成しているため、掘り
進めていくときに軸はぶれることなく真直ぐに進んでい
く。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a soil excavating tool according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a bottom view thereof. The soil excavation tool 1 according to the present invention is a loop type bit having a spiral blade around a shaft body. It has a tip conduit 2 at its tip and is provided with a cutting tip 3. While cutting the ground with the cutting tip 3, the front conduit 2 enters the ground. A shaft body 4 is provided following the front conduit 2, and spiral blades 5 are provided around the shaft body 4. Although the shaft body 4 is hollow, as shown in FIG. 2, the portion provided with the spiral blade 5 is configured such that the central portion is thick and both end portions are thin along the axial direction. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the shape is such that a cone is connected to both sides of a cylinder, and the diameter increases from both ends toward the center. Also, when viewed in the overall shape including the loop-shaped blade 5, the diameter is increased as a whole from both end portions toward the central portion. The maximum diameter of the loop-shaped blade 5 is preferably 400 mm or more in order not to generate sludge.
It is preferably 2000 mm or less so that the scale of the equipment is not too large. In this example, the loop-shaped blade 5
Has a maximum diameter of 1000 mm. Further, the length of the shaft body 4 is about 800 mm, the central portion has a constant thickness of about 160 mm, and the shaft diameter changes at a constant rate from about 140 mm to about 400 mm in the upper and lower range of about 320 mm. The taper angle is about 22 °. As will be described later, the taper angle of the shaft body 4 has a useful function for smoothly feeding the earth and sand backward when the loop-shaped blades 5 advance in the ground, but 22 ° is necessary for sufficiently exerting such a function. It is preferable to adjust the degree. The loop-shaped blades 5 are arranged at a pitch such that they make one round every 160 mm in the axial direction, and make five rounds along the length of the shaft body 4. In the range where the shaft body 4 is tapered, the outer diameter of the loop-shaped blade 5 increases toward the central portion at a constant rate. On the other hand, in the range where the thickness of the shaft body 4 is constant, the outer diameter of the loop blade 5 is also constant. In this example, the loop-shaped blade 5 makes a complete circle with the maximum outer diameter, and the outer shape forms a perfect circle when seen from the bottom view, so the shaft may shake when digging. Instead of going straight.
【0014】軸体4は中空となっているが、内部には内
管が設けられており、内管は注入剤噴射ノズル7(注入
剤排出口)へつながっている。注入剤噴射ノズル7は軸
体4の最も径が大きい位置において外へ向かって設けら
れている。本例では注入剤噴射ノズル7は2本設けられ
ているが、3本以上設けてもよい。また、軸体4に対し
て完全に垂直に設ける以外にも、ある程度傾けてもよ
い。軸体と内管の間の隙間は圧縮空気の通路となり、先
導管2の先端より圧縮空気が噴出できるようになってい
る。Although the shaft body 4 is hollow, an inner tube is provided inside, and the inner tube is connected to an injecting agent injection nozzle 7 (injecting agent discharge port). The injection agent injection nozzle 7 is provided outward at the position where the shaft body 4 has the largest diameter. In this example, two injection agent injection nozzles 7 are provided, but three or more injection agents may be provided. Further, other than being completely perpendicular to the shaft body 4, it may be tilted to some extent. A gap between the shaft body and the inner pipe serves as a passage for compressed air, and compressed air can be ejected from the tip of the front conduit 2.
【0015】らせん状羽根6の上下面にはそれぞれ長方
形の板状の爪6が複数取り付けられている。爪6は軸体
4を中心とする円周に接する方向に、すなわち、爪6の
板厚の方向が半径方向になるように設けられている。こ
の方向で取付けることにより排泥の発生がより起こりに
くくなる。爪6の長方形の形状のうち、一つの角が面取
りされている。この面取りは、角を直線で切り落とすの
でもよいし、丸みをつけるのでもよい。この面取りされ
た角は、らせん状羽根5の回転方向にあわせて向けられ
る。本例では、掘り進む際は図3において反時計方向に
回転するが、らせん状羽根5の上面に設けられた爪6b
はこの回転方向に向いた側に面取りされた角を向けて取
り付けられる。逆に、土壌掘削工具1を引き上げるとき
は、時計回りに回転するが、らせん状羽根5の下面に設
けられた爪6aはこの時計回りの方向に向いた側に面取
りされた角を向けて取り付ける。このように向けること
により、掘り進めるときはらせん状羽根5の下面に設け
られた爪6aが鋭く土壌にくい込みながら土壌を効果的
に撹拌し、一方、上面に設けられた爪6bは切削・撹拌
された土壌を滑らかに後方へ送り、こぶし程度の大きさ
の石が混ざっていても噛み込みにくくなっている。逆
に、引き上げるときはらせん状羽根5の上面に設けられ
た爪6bが効果的に土壌を切削・撹拌し、下面に設けら
れた爪6aが土壌を滑らかに後方へ送る。A plurality of rectangular plate-shaped claws 6 are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the spiral blade 6, respectively. The claws 6 are provided so as to be in contact with the circumference centered on the shaft body 4, that is, the plate thickness direction of the claws 6 is the radial direction. By installing in this direction, the generation of sludge becomes less likely to occur. Of the rectangular shape of the claw 6, one corner is chamfered. For this chamfer, the corner may be cut off with a straight line or may be rounded. This chamfered corner is oriented according to the direction of rotation of the spiral blade 5. In this example, when digging, the claw 6b provided on the upper surface of the spiral blade 5 rotates counterclockwise in FIG.
Are mounted with the chamfered corners facing the direction of rotation. On the contrary, when pulling up the soil excavation tool 1, it rotates clockwise, but the claw 6a provided on the lower surface of the spiral blade 5 is attached with the chamfered corner facing the clockwise direction. . By orienting in this way, when digging, the claw 6a provided on the lower surface of the spiral blade 5 is agitated sharply and the soil is effectively agitated, while the claw 6b provided on the upper surface is cut and agitated. The soil is smoothly sent to the rear, and it is hard to bite even if stones about the size of a fist are mixed. On the contrary, when pulling up, the claw 6b provided on the upper surface of the spiral blade 5 effectively cuts and agitates the soil, and the claw 6a provided on the lower surface smoothly feeds the soil backward.
【0016】図10にらせん状羽根5上での爪6の配置
例を示す。本例においてらせん状羽根5の最大径は10
00mmであり、爪6は長さ60mm、高さ50mm、
厚さ9mmで、面取りはC10である。爪は図10で見
るように軸を中心とした回転角に従って一定の順序で設
けられている。らせん状羽根5の外周付近に爪が6分の
1周、すなわち60°ごとに取付けられていて、また、
同じ角度にあたる位置で軸体の近くにも1個の爪が取付
けられる。そして、外周付近に爪がある角度から12分
の1周、すなわち30°ずれた角度にも1個の爪が取付
けられるが、この爪の半径方向の位置は先の2個の爪の
中間付近となる。つまり、30°ごとに1個の爪と2個
の爪が交互に千鳥状に配置される。なお、らせん状羽根
5の上端および下端の近くの幅の狭い部分においては1
個の爪が続けて配置されてもよいが、その場合でも、半
径方向の位置は交互に変えることが好ましい。らせん状
羽根5の上面・下面とも同様の配置である。従って、ら
せん状羽根5の下端近くでは外周付近に配置された爪6
と先導管部に設けられた切削チップ3によりほぼ円錐状
の形状が形成され、ドリルのように効果的に土壌を切削
し、さらに千鳥状に配置された爪により効果的に土壌を
撹拌する。図11には最大径1500mmのらせん状羽
根5上での爪6の配置例を示す。この場合も1000m
m径の場合とほぼ同じ順序で配置するが、らせん状羽根
5の外周付近と軸体の近くに爪が取付けられている角度
において、この2個の爪の間にも1個の爪を配置してい
る。そして30°ずれた角度では当該3個の爪の間に2
個の爪をやはり千鳥状に配置する。FIG. 10 shows an arrangement example of the claws 6 on the spiral blade 5. In this example, the maximum diameter of the spiral blade 5 is 10
00 mm, the claw 6 has a length of 60 mm, a height of 50 mm,
The thickness is 9 mm and the chamfer is C10. The pawls are provided in a fixed order according to the angle of rotation about the axis as seen in FIG. Claws are attached around the outer circumference of the spiral blade 5 every 1/6 round, that is, every 60 °,
One claw is attached near the shaft at the same angle. Then, one claw is attached at a 1/12 circumference, that is, an angle deviated by 30 ° from the angle where the claw is near the outer circumference, but the radial position of this claw is near the middle of the previous two claws. Becomes That is, one claw and two claws are alternately arranged in a zigzag pattern every 30 °. In addition, in the narrow portion near the upper and lower ends of the spiral blade 5, 1
Although the individual claws may be arranged in succession, even in that case, it is preferable that the radial positions are alternately changed. The upper surface and the lower surface of the spiral blade 5 have the same arrangement. Therefore, near the lower end of the spiral blade 5, the claws 6 arranged near the outer circumference
A substantially conical shape is formed by the cutting tip 3 provided in the tip conduit portion, the soil is effectively cut like a drill, and the soil is effectively stirred by the staggered claws. FIG. 11 shows an arrangement example of the claws 6 on the spiral blade 5 having a maximum diameter of 1500 mm. In this case also 1000m
The claws are arranged in almost the same order as in the case of the m diameter, but at the angle where the claws are attached near the outer circumference of the spiral blade 5 and near the shaft body, one claw is also arranged between these two claws. is doing. And at an angle of 30 °, there is a gap of 2 between the three claws.
Arrange the individual nails in a staggered pattern.
【0017】次に、本発明に係るスィベルの一例を図5
に示す。スィベル9の上部は非回転部10であり、回転
しない。非回転部10には注入剤導入口11と空気導入
口12が側面に設けられている。非回転部10に対して
回転自在に回転軸14がベアリング13を介して取り付
けられている。回転軸14は内管15と外管16から構
成される二重管構造になっている。内管15は中空とな
っており、この中空部が注入剤通路17を構成する。注
入剤通路17は注入剤導入口11から導入された注入剤
が通過できるようにつながっている。内管15と外管1
6の間にも隙間が設けられており、この隙間が空気通路
18を構成する。空気通路18は空気導入口12から導
入された空気が通過できるようにつながっている。Next, an example of the swivel according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
Shown in. The upper part of the swivel 9 is the non-rotating part 10 and does not rotate. The non-rotating part 10 is provided with an injectant introduction port 11 and an air introduction port 12 on its side surface. A rotating shaft 14 is rotatably attached to the non-rotating portion 10 via a bearing 13. The rotating shaft 14 has a double pipe structure composed of an inner pipe 15 and an outer pipe 16. The inner pipe 15 is hollow, and this hollow portion constitutes an injectant passage 17. The injection agent passage 17 is connected so that the injection agent introduced from the injection agent introduction port 11 can pass therethrough. Inner tube 15 and outer tube 1
A gap is also provided between 6 and this gap constitutes an air passage 18. The air passage 18 is connected so that the air introduced from the air inlet 12 can pass through.
【0018】図7および図8に本発明に係る接続装置の
一例を示す。接続装置はオスカップリング19とメスカ
ップリング20の組み合わせにより構成される。また、
中間ロッド22は前述のスィベル9と土壌掘削装置1を
つなぐものであるが、この中間ロッドの一端にオスカッ
プリング19が、他端にメスカップリング20が溶接さ
れている。従って、オスカップリング19とメスカップ
リング20を組み合わせることにより、2本の中間ロッ
ドが接続されることになる。ここで、オスカップリング
19の内壁の一部およびメスカップリング20の外壁の
一部は断面が四角の形状になっており、この四角面が合
わせ面として相互に接する。つまり、この合わせ面はオ
スカップリング19とメスカップリング20とを相互に
回転しないように結合させる回転防止機構として機能す
る。また、オスカップリング19とメスカップリング2
0は4本のボルトにより軸方向のずれが生じないように
固定されている。7 and 8 show an example of the connection device according to the present invention. The connecting device is composed of a combination of a male coupling 19 and a female coupling 20. Also,
The intermediate rod 22 connects the swivel 9 and the soil excavation device 1 described above. A male coupling 19 is welded to one end of the intermediate rod 22 and a female coupling 20 is welded to the other end. Therefore, by combining the male coupling 19 and the female coupling 20, two intermediate rods will be connected. Here, a part of the inner wall of the male coupling 19 and a part of the outer wall of the female coupling 20 have a quadrangular cross section, and the quadrangular surfaces are in contact with each other as mating surfaces. That is, this mating surface functions as a rotation preventing mechanism that couples the male coupling 19 and the female coupling 20 so as not to rotate with each other. Also, the male coupling 19 and the female coupling 2
No. 0 is fixed by four bolts so as not to shift in the axial direction.
【0019】メスカップリング20及び中間ロッド22
は、スィベルの回転軸14と同様に内管と外管よりなる
二重管構造になっている。スィベル9および土壌掘削工
具1の端部にも同様の構造のオスカップリング又はメス
カップリングが設けられ、中間ロッド22に接続できる
ようになっている。なお、本実施例においては、スィベ
ル9の下部に設けられらオスカップリング19aは中間
ロッド22に設けられているオスカップリング19bと
若干形状が異なるが、係合する部分は共通であり、中間
ロッド22のメスカップリングがそのまま接続できるよ
うになっている。中間ロッド22の外径は排泥の発生を
より抑えるために60〜250mmの範囲内にするのが
好ましく、本例においては約140mmとなっている。
中間ロッド22の長さは、作業の効率や施工時の設備の
高さを考慮して決められるが、6m、4m、2mと複数
の長さのものを備えておくと、様々な施工条件に対応で
きる汎用性の高いシステムとなる。Female coupling 20 and intermediate rod 22
Has a double tube structure including an inner tube and an outer tube, like the rotary shaft 14 of the swivel. A male coupling or a female coupling having a similar structure is also provided at the ends of the swivel 9 and the soil excavation tool 1 so that they can be connected to the intermediate rod 22. In this embodiment, the male coupling 19a provided on the lower portion of the swivel 9 has a slightly different shape from the male coupling 19b provided on the intermediate rod 22, but the engaging portion is common, The female coupling of the rod 22 can be directly connected. The outer diameter of the intermediate rod 22 is preferably in the range of 60 to 250 mm in order to further suppress the generation of sludge, and is about 140 mm in this example.
The length of the intermediate rod 22 is determined in consideration of the work efficiency and the height of the equipment at the time of construction, but if the length of 6m, 4m, or 2m is provided, it can be used for various construction conditions. It will be a versatile system that can handle.
【0020】図9に本発明に係る土木機械の一例を示
す。作業台車23は無限軌道24を備えて自走可能であ
り、工事現場において装置全体を容易に移動させること
ができるものである。作業台車23には上下動可能なア
ーム25を介してリーダー26が取り付けられている。
リーダー26はチャック27を上下に移動可能に取り付
けるスライド式の取り付け装置である。施工場所に作業
台車23を移動させたら、アーム25の角度を調整して
リーダー26を垂直に立てる。チャック27に最上段の
中間ロッドを通し、チャック27で中間ロッドをつか
む。最上段の中間ロッドの上にスィベル9がつながれ、
最下段の中間ロッドの下に土壌掘削工具1が接続され
る。チャック27は油圧駆動により中間ロッド22を正
逆両方向に回転させることができる。すなわち、中間ロ
ッド22はチャック27の回転を先端の土壌掘削工具1
に伝達する駆動軸の働きをする。スィベル9に注入剤ホ
ース28と空気ホース29とが接続され、それぞれのホ
ースは図示しないプラントのグラウトポンプとコンプレ
ッサーにつながれる。スィベル9、中間ロッド22およ
び土壌掘削工具1は、それぞれ二重管構造であるが、上
述の接続機構により、空気および注入剤の通路がつなが
るよう接続される。FIG. 9 shows an example of the civil engineering machine according to the present invention. The work carriage 23 is provided with an endless track 24 and is self-propelled, and the entire apparatus can be easily moved at a construction site. A leader 26 is attached to the work carriage 23 via an arm 25 that can move up and down.
The leader 26 is a slide type attachment device that attaches the chuck 27 movably up and down. After the work carriage 23 is moved to the construction site, the angle of the arm 25 is adjusted and the leader 26 is set upright. The uppermost intermediate rod is passed through the chuck 27, and the intermediate rod is gripped by the chuck 27. The swivel 9 is connected to the top middle rod,
The soil excavation tool 1 is connected below the intermediate rod at the bottom. The chuck 27 can rotate the intermediate rod 22 in both forward and reverse directions by hydraulically driving. That is, the intermediate rod 22 causes the rotation of the chuck 27 to rotate the soil excavation tool 1 at the tip.
Acts as a drive shaft transmitting to. An injectant hose 28 and an air hose 29 are connected to the swivel 9, and each hose is connected to a grout pump and a compressor of a plant (not shown). The swivel 9, the intermediate rod 22 and the soil excavation tool 1 each have a double pipe structure, but are connected so that the air and infusate passages are connected by the connection mechanism described above.
【0021】土壌掘削工具1により掘り進めるときに
は、コンプレッサーで空気を送り土壌掘削工具1の先端
より噴出するとともに、土壌掘削工具1のらせん状羽根
が下向きに進行するよう回転させる。ある程度掘り進め
たら、中間ロッド22を継ぎ足して、さらに深く掘り進
める。らせん状羽根の上面の爪6aは進行方向側が切り
かかれているので、石が混じっている土壌でも土砂を滑
らかに後方へ送る。また、切削した土砂を滑らかに後方
に送るために、らせん状羽根のループは先端から中央部
にむかって径が広がり、また上部へ向かって径が小さく
なる形状になっている。ここで、らせん状羽根は大きい
方が土砂を押さえる力は強く有利であるが、らせん状羽
根には地中で抵抗がかかり、特に中央部のループの径の
大きい部分での抵抗は大きくなる。軸体が一定の太さで
あると中央部において羽根は大きく突き出した形状にな
り、大きな力がかかるとともに、羽根は破損しやすい。
また、軸体にかかる力も大きくなり破損しやすい。本発
明の土壌掘削工具1では、前記軸体4でらせん状羽根5
が取り付けられる部分は軸方向に沿って中央部が太く両
端部が細くなる。そのため、中央部においてもらせん状
羽根および軸体は強固であり、また掘り進みながらスム
ーズに土砂を後方に送るため、施工中に土壌掘削工具1
が地中で破損しにくくなり、比較的硬い地盤や粘土質の
場所でも施工ができる。When excavating with the soil excavation tool 1, air is sent by a compressor to be ejected from the tip of the soil excavation tool 1, and the spiral blades of the soil excavation tool 1 are rotated so as to advance downward. After digging to some extent, the intermediate rod 22 is added to dig deeper. Since the claw 6a on the upper surface of the spiral blade is cut in the advancing direction side, the sand and sand can be smoothly sent backward even in soil mixed with stones. Further, in order to smoothly feed the cut earth and sand to the rear, the loop of the spiral blade has a shape in which the diameter expands from the tip toward the center, and the diameter decreases toward the upper part. Here, the larger the spiral blade, the stronger the force for pressing down the soil is, which is advantageous, but the resistance is applied to the spiral blade in the ground, and the resistance is large particularly in the large diameter portion of the central loop. If the shaft body has a constant thickness, the blade has a shape that largely protrudes in the central portion, a large force is applied, and the blade is easily damaged.
In addition, the force applied to the shaft body is large and the shaft body is easily damaged. In the soil excavating tool 1 of the present invention, the shaft body 4 has a spiral blade 5
The part to which is attached has a thick central part and thin end parts along the axial direction. Therefore, the spiral blade and the shaft body are strong even in the central part, and the earth and sand are smoothly sent to the rear while digging.
Is less likely to be damaged in the ground, and construction can be performed even on relatively hard ground or clayey places.
【0022】最終深さまで掘り進めたら、チャック27
の回転方向を逆にして、らせん状羽根が上向きに進行す
るよう回転させながら、土壌掘削工具1を引き上げる。
この際、注入剤ホース28より注入剤を導入し、土壌掘
削工具1の注入剤排出口より注入剤を地中に注入する。
引き上げ時にはらせん状羽根の上面の爪が土砂を撹拌す
る。らせん状羽根の下面の爪は逆回転時における進行方
向側が切りかかれているので、同様に土砂を滑らかに後
方へ送る。そして、本発明に係る土木機械および工法に
おいては、土砂の機械的撹拌と注入剤の噴出による土砂
の撹拌が同時に行われ、切削された土砂と注入剤は効率
的に混合される上、切削された土砂が排泥として地上に
排出されることがない。引き上げるときは、掘り進める
ときとは逆に、中間ロッドを順次取り外しながら作業を
進める。所定の高さまで引き上げたら注入剤の注入を停
止して、土壌掘削工具1を引き上げる。このようにして
一つの穴の施工が完了したら、作業台車23を次の位置
に移動させ、同様の施工を繰り返す。After digging to the final depth, the chuck 27
The soil excavation tool 1 is pulled up while reversing the rotation direction of No. 1 and rotating the spiral blade so as to move upward.
At this time, the infusate is introduced from the infusate hose 28 and injected into the ground through the infusate discharge port of the soil excavation tool 1.
At the time of pulling up, the claws on the upper surface of the spiral blade stir the earth and sand. Since the claws on the lower surface of the spiral blade are cut off in the direction of travel at the time of reverse rotation, the sand is likewise smoothly sent backward. Then, in the civil engineering machine and method of construction according to the present invention, mechanical stirring of earth and sand and agitation of earth and sand by jetting of an injecting agent are simultaneously performed, and the cut earth and sand and the injecting agent are efficiently mixed and cut. Sediment is not discharged to the ground as sludge. When pulling up, contrary to when digging, work is done while sequentially removing the intermediate rod. When the soil excavation tool 1 is pulled up, the injection of the infusate is stopped when the soil excavation tool 1 is pulled up to a predetermined height. When the construction of one hole is completed in this way, the work carriage 23 is moved to the next position, and the same construction is repeated.
【0023】施工においては、掘り進むときは中間ロッ
ド22を継ぎ足していき、引き上げるときは中間ロッド
22を取り外していくので、地上に出ている部分は常に
低く抑えられており、転倒防止のための支持体を広げる
必要もないので、施工が容易であるとともに、狭い場所
や地盤が弱いところでも施工ができる。上述の接続装置
により中間ロッドの着脱は容易であり、空気や注入剤の
供給も円滑に行われる。また、本発明においては、掘り
進むときにも、引き上げるときにも土砂を積極的に機械
撹拌するので、正逆どちらの方向に回転する場合にも中
間ロッド22が緩まないような接続が必要となるが、接
続装置には回転防止機構が設けられているため接続箇所
が緩んで抜けるようなことはない。In the construction, since the intermediate rod 22 is replenished when digging, and the intermediate rod 22 is removed when the digging is performed, the portion protruding above the ground is always kept low, and the support for preventing fall is provided. Since it is not necessary to extend the body, the construction is easy, and the construction can be performed even in a narrow place or a place where the ground is weak. The connection device described above facilitates attachment and detachment of the intermediate rod, and enables smooth supply of air and infusate. Further, in the present invention, since the earth and sand are actively mechanically agitated both when digging and when being pulled up, it is necessary to make a connection so that the intermediate rod 22 does not loosen when rotating in either forward or reverse directions. However, since the connection device is provided with the rotation preventing mechanism, the connection portion does not come loose and come off.
【0024】[0024]
【実施例1】本発明を地盤改良工事に適用した例であ
る。注入剤としては高濃度のセメントミルクを用いる。
本工法に使用するセメントミルクは改良体の強度を十分
なものとするために通常の工法の場合(例えば注入剤1
m3に対してセメント量760kg程度)よりセメント
の比率を多くすることが好ましい。ここで、セメント量
を多くすると注入剤の比重が大きくなりポンプでの吸引
が悪くなりやすいので、芳香族スルホンと特殊変性リグ
ニンを主成分とする減水剤を配合することが好ましい。
この減水剤の配合によりセメントミルクが流れやすくな
ってポンプにより送りやすくなるとともに、改良体の強
度が増す。本実施例においては減水剤として芳香族スル
ホンと特殊変性リグニンを主成分とする商品名サンフロ
ーSW−2000S(日本製紙株式会社)を使用し、注
入剤1m3に対してセメント1000kgとサンフロー
SW−2000Sを5kg配合し、改良体の圧縮強度1
MPaを得た。プラントで空気と混合されたセメントミ
ルクを0.6〜2.5MPaの低圧で噴出する方法と、
18.0〜29.0MPaの超高圧でセメントミルクを
噴出する方法がある。後者の超高圧噴出撹拌の場合は、
空気とセメントミルクは混合させずに別々に送り、空気
は掘り進むときに先導管先端より下方向に、セメントミ
ルクは引き上げるときにらせん状羽根の横の注入剤排出
口7より横方向に噴出する。どちらの方法においても、
切削された土砂はセメントミルクと混合され、改良体と
して地中杭を構成するので、地上に排泥として排出され
ない。引き上げるときは図3において時計回りにらせん
状羽根は回転し、上から土砂を引き込むとともに撹拌・
混合された土砂とセメントを羽根により下に強く押し付
けるので、強固な地中杭を形成でき、また、排泥の発生
を強力に抑制する。このため、排泥による環境問題を起
こすことがなく、また、排泥の処理のための多額の費用
も発生しないため、地球環境に優しく、施工性、経済
性、安全性にすぐれた工法となっている。[Embodiment 1] This is an example in which the present invention is applied to ground improvement work. High-concentration cement milk is used as an injecting agent.
The cement milk used in this method is a normal one in order to make the strength of the improved body sufficient (for example, injection 1
It is preferable to make the ratio of cement larger than the amount of cement (about 760 kg of m 3 ). Here, when the amount of cement is increased, the specific gravity of the injecting agent is increased and the suction by the pump is likely to be poor. Therefore, it is preferable to add a water reducing agent containing aromatic sulfone and specially modified lignin as main components.
By blending this water-reducing agent, the cement milk can easily flow and can be easily pumped, and the strength of the improved product can be increased. In this example, as a water-reducing agent, a trade name Sunflow SW-2000S (Nippon Paper Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) containing aromatic sulfone and specially modified lignin as main components was used, and 1000 kg of cement and Sunflow SW were added to 1 m 3 of the injecting agent. -2000S 5kg is blended, the compression strength of the improved body 1
MPa was obtained. A method of ejecting cement milk mixed with air at a plant at a low pressure of 0.6 to 2.5 MPa;
There is a method of ejecting cement milk at an ultrahigh pressure of 18.0 to 29.0 MPa. In the latter case of super high pressure jet stirring,
The air and the cement milk are separately fed without being mixed, and the air is jetted downward from the tip of the leading conduit when digging, and the cement milk is jetted laterally from the injectant discharge port 7 beside the spiral blade when it is pulled up. Either way,
The cut earth and sand are mixed with cement milk and constitute an underground pile as an improved body, so they are not discharged as mud on the ground. When pulling up, the spiral blade rotates clockwise in Fig. 3 to draw in the sand from above and stir it.
The mixed soil and cement are strongly pressed down by the blades, so a strong underground pile can be formed and the generation of sludge is strongly suppressed. Therefore, it does not cause environmental problems due to sludge and does not generate a large amount of cost for sludge treatment, making it a construction method that is friendly to the global environment and has excellent workability, economy, and safety. ing.
【0025】なお、超高圧噴出撹拌の場合は、セメント
ミルクを横方向に高圧噴射するために、らせん状羽根の
径よりも広い範囲の改良体の造成が可能であり、工期の
短縮および経済性の向上が実現できるとともに、密着施
工や改良体相互の施工が可能となり工事の全体的な一体
化がはかれる。例えば直径1mのらせん状羽根を使用し
て超高圧噴出撹拌を行った場合には直径1.6〜1.8
mの範囲で造成でき、かかる範囲であれば改良体の強度
も高い。直径1.5mのらせん状羽根を使用した場合に
は直径2.6m程度の範囲で造成できる。本実施例のお
いては、直径1mのらせん状羽根を使用し、らせん状羽
根の回転速度を毎秒0.467回転、注入剤吐出圧力を
18〜22MPa、空気吐出量を1.5〜3.0m3/
min、空気吐出圧力を0.6〜0.7MPaとした。
単位時間当たりの注入量には留意が必要で、過度の注入
を行うと排泥を発生させないという本発明の効果が発揮
できない場合がある。排泥を発生させない限界での単位
時間当たり注入量の70%程度で注入するのが好まし
い。本実施例では70リットル/minとした。引き上
げ速度(以下、1m引き上げるのに要する時間で表示)
は、C<0.01N/mm2(=MPa)での粘性土で
は3.0min/m、0.01N/mm2≦C≦0.0
3N/mm2(5≦N≦10)の土質では5.0min
/m、10≦N≦15の砂質土では6.0min/mと
した。また、グラウトポンプとしては70〜150リッ
トル/minの能力のものを用い、主に140リットル
/min程度の注入量で使用する直径1.5mのらせん
状羽根にも対応できるようにした。In the case of super-high-pressure jet stirring, since the cement milk is horizontally jetted at a high pressure, it is possible to construct an improved body in a range wider than the diameter of the spiral blade, which shortens the construction period and makes it economical. It is possible to improve the workability, and it is possible to carry out close working and mutual working of improved bodies, and the overall work can be integrated. For example, when super-high-pressure jet stirring is performed using a spiral blade with a diameter of 1 m, the diameter is 1.6 to 1.8.
It can be formed in a range of m, and the strength of the improved body is high in such a range. When a spiral blade with a diameter of 1.5 m is used, it can be formed with a diameter of about 2.6 m. In the present embodiment, a spiral blade having a diameter of 1 m is used, the rotation speed of the spiral blade is 0.467 rotations per second, the injecting agent discharge pressure is 18 to 22 MPa, and the air discharge amount is 1.5 to 3. 0m 3 /
min, and the air discharge pressure was 0.6 to 0.7 MPa.
It is necessary to pay attention to the injection amount per unit time, and if excessive injection is performed, the effect of the present invention that sludge is not generated may not be exhibited. It is preferable to inject at about 70% of the injection amount per unit time within the limit that does not generate sludge. In this embodiment, the rate is 70 liter / min. Lifting speed (displayed below with the time required to lift 1 m)
Is 3.0 min / m for cohesive soil at C <0.01 N / mm 2 (= MPa), 0.01 N / mm 2 ≦ C ≦ 0.0
5.0 min for soil of 3 N / mm 2 (5 ≦ N ≦ 10)
/ M, for sandy soil with 10 ≦ N ≦ 15, it was set to 6.0 min / m. Further, a grout pump having a capacity of 70 to 150 liters / min was used so as to be able to cope with a spiral blade having a diameter of 1.5 m which is mainly used with an injection amount of about 140 liters / min.
【0026】一方、低圧噴出の場合は、注入剤噴射ノズ
ル7の内径は8〜12mmとし、らせん状羽根の回転速
度を毎秒0.467回転、注入剤吐出圧力を0.6〜
2.5MPa、注入速度は50リットル/minとし
た。On the other hand, in the case of low pressure ejection, the inner diameter of the injecting agent injection nozzle 7 is 8 to 12 mm, the rotation speed of the spiral blade is 0.467 rotations per second, and the injecting agent discharge pressure is 0.6 to.
The pressure was 2.5 MPa and the injection rate was 50 liters / min.
【0027】[0027]
【実施例2】本発明を土壌浄化工事に適用した例であ
る。本実施例においては、注入剤として土壌中の汚染物
質を分解・中和等するような薬剤を使用する。汚染除去
に必要な深さまで掘り進んだ後、土壌掘削工具1を逆回
転して引き上げながら薬剤を土壌中に注入する。らせん
状羽根6で土砂を機械的に撹拌しながら薬剤を注入する
ので効果的である。汚染が深いところまで進行している
場合でも、土壌掘削工具1が到達する範囲であれば汚染
除去が行える。さらに、本実施例においても排泥を発生
させないので、汚染された土砂が地表に現れてくること
もなく、安全に施工することができる。実施例1と同様
に超高圧噴出撹拌を行えば、少ない作業で広範囲をもれ
なく施工できる。Example 2 This is an example in which the present invention is applied to soil remediation work. In this embodiment, a chemical that decomposes and neutralizes pollutants in soil is used as the injection agent. After digging to the depth required for decontamination, the soil excavating tool 1 is rotated in the reverse direction and pulled up to inject the chemical into the soil. This is effective because the chemical agent is injected while mechanically stirring the earth and sand with the spiral blade 6. Even if the contamination has proceeded to a deep place, the contamination can be removed within the range reached by the soil excavation tool 1. Further, in this embodiment as well, since the mud is not generated, the contaminated earth and sand do not appear on the surface of the earth, and the construction can be performed safely. If super-high-pressure jet stirring is performed in the same manner as in Example 1, a wide range can be completed with a small amount of work.
【0028】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、排泥を出すことなく土
砂を掘削及び撹拌することができ、施工現場周辺の環境
を保護することができる。地中で土砂をスムーズかつ効
果的に撹拌し、しかも地中で破損しにくい。土壌改良に
おいても汚染土壌の浄化においても、大型の設備を要せ
ず、短い工期と少ない費用で効果的な施工ができる。According to the present invention, the earth and sand can be excavated and agitated without discharging the mud, and the environment around the construction site can be protected. The earth and sand are stirred smoothly and effectively in the ground, and moreover, they are not easily damaged in the ground. No large equipment is required for soil improvement or contaminated soil purification, and effective construction can be performed with a short construction period and low cost.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図1】本発明に係る土壌掘削工具の斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a soil excavation tool according to the present invention.
【図2】同正面図である。FIG. 2 is a front view of the same.
【図3】同底面図である。FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the same.
【図4】土壌掘削工具の爪の斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a claw of a soil excavation tool.
【図5】本発明に係るスィベルの断面図である。FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the swivel according to the present invention.
【図6】スィベル中での注入剤と空気の流れを示す断面
図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the flow of infusate and air in a swivel.
【図7】本発明に係る接続装置と中間ロッドの断面図で
ある。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a connecting device and an intermediate rod according to the present invention.
【図8】接続装置の詳細を示す断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a connection device.
【図9】本発明の土木機械を示す正面図である。FIG. 9 is a front view showing the civil engineering machine of the present invention.
【図10】らせん状羽根上での爪の配置例を示す展開図
である。FIG. 10 is a development view showing an arrangement example of claws on a spiral blade.
【図11】らせん状羽根上での爪の別の配置例を示す展
開図である。FIG. 11 is a development view showing another arrangement example of the claws on the spiral blade.
1.土壌掘削工具 2.先導管 3.切削チップ 4.軸体 5.らせん状羽根 6.爪 7.注入剤排出口 8.空気噴出口 9.スィベル 10.非回転部 11.注入剤導入口 12.空気導入口 13.ベアリング 14.回転軸 15.内管 16.外管 17.注入剤通路 18.空気通路 19.オスカップリング 20.メスカップリング 21.ボルト 22.中間ロッド 23.作業台車 24.無限軌道 25.アーム 26.リーダー 27.チャック 28.注入剤ホース 29.空気ホース 1. Soil drilling tools 2. Destination conduit 3. Cutting tip 4. Shaft 5. Spiral blade 6. nail 7. Injectant outlet 8. Air jet 9. Swivel 10. Non-rotating part 11. Injectant inlet 12. Air inlet 13. bearing 14. Axis of rotation 15. Inner pipe 16. Outer tube 17. Injectant passage 18. Air passage 19. Male coupling 20. Female coupling 21. bolt 22. Intermediate rod 23. Work trolley 24. Endless track 25. arm 26. leader 27. Chuck 28. Infusate hose 29. Air hose
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 稲葉 力 東京都港区虎ノ門1丁目20番10号 西松 建設株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開2000−17649(JP,A) 特開2001−159130(JP,A) 実開 昭61−188691(JP,U) 実開 昭61−58253(JP,U) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) E21B 10/44 E02D 3/12 102 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Riki Inaba 1-20-10 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nishimatsu Construction Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP 2000-17649 (JP, A) JP 2001-159130 (JP, A) Actually open 61-1888691 (JP, U) Actually open 61-58253 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) E21B 10/44 E02D 3 / 12 102
Claims (6)
と当該軸体の周囲に設けられたらせん状羽根を有する土
壌掘削工具であって、前記軸体においてらせん状羽根が
取り付けられる部分は軸方向に沿って中央部が太く両端
部が細くなるように構成されており、前記らせん状羽根
のループは先端部から中央部に向かって径が広がり、ま
た上部へ向かって径が小さくなる形状である、土壌掘削
工具。1. A soil excavating tool having a tip conduit for ejecting compressed air from a tip, a shaft, and a spiral blade provided around the shaft, wherein the spiral blade is attached to the shaft. Is configured such that the central portion becomes thicker and the both end portions become thinner along the axial direction, and the diameter of the loop of the spiral blade expands from the tip portion to the central portion and decreases toward the upper portion. A soil drilling tool that has a shape.
を撹拌するための複数の爪を設けた請求項1に記載の土
壌掘削工具。2. The soil excavating tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of claws for stirring the soil are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spiral blade.
周に接する方向に設けられた請求項2に記載の土壌掘削
工具。3. The soil excavating tool according to claim 2, wherein the claw is plate-shaped, and is provided in a direction in contact with a circumference having a shaft as a center.
の上面の爪はらせん羽根が下向きに進行する場合の回転
時の進行方向側の角が切り取られており、らせん状羽根
の下面の爪はらせん羽根が上向きに進行する場合の回転
時の進行方向側の角が切り取られている請求項3に記載
の土壌掘削工具。4. The lower surface of the spiral blade, wherein the claw has a rectangular plate shape, and the claw on the upper surface of the spiral blade is cut off at an angle on the advancing direction side during rotation when the spiral blade advances downward. The soil excavating tool according to claim 3, wherein the claw has a corner on the advancing direction side during rotation when the spiral blade advances upward.
導入口が設けられ非回転部と、非回転部に対し回転自在
に回転軸が設けられ、前記回転軸は内管と外管からなる
二重管であり、内管内部の中空部がする空気導入口又は
注入剤導入口のどちらか一方と、内管と外管の間の空間
が他の一方と流体が通過可能につながっているスィベル
と、c)先導管と軸体と軸体の周囲に取り付けられたら
せん状羽根を有する土壌掘削工具であって、前記軸体に
おいてらせん状羽根が取り付けられる部分は軸方向に沿
って中央部が太く両端部が細くなるように構成されてお
り、前記らせん状羽根のループは先端部から中央部に向
かって径が広がり、また上部へ向かって径が小さくなる
形状であり、前記らせん状羽根の上面および下面に土壌
を撹拌するための複数の爪を設けており、先導管には空
気排出口を有し、らせん状羽根には注入剤排出口を有す
る土壌掘削工具と、d)前記スィベルと土壌掘削工具を
接続する内管と外管からなる二重管である中間軸と、
e)二重管である回転軸の内管同士および内管と外管の
間の空間同士が流体が通過可能に接続される通路を有
し、かつ回転軸間の相対的な回転を防止する回転防止機
構が設けられている接続装置、とからなる土壌掘削のた
めの土木機械。5. A non-rotating portion provided with a) a work trolley, b) an air introducing port and an injecting agent introducing port, and a rotating shaft rotatably with respect to the non-rotating part, the rotating shaft being an inner pipe. It is a double tube consisting of an outer tube, and either the air inlet or the injectant inlet formed by the hollow part inside the inner tube and the space between the inner tube and the outer tube can pass the fluid with the other one. A soil excavation tool having a swivel connected to, and c) a leading conduit, a shaft and a spiral blade mounted around the shaft, wherein the portion of the shaft to which the spiral blade is mounted is axially It is configured such that the central portion is thick along the both ends, and the loop of the spiral blade has a shape in which the diameter expands from the tip portion toward the central portion, and the diameter decreases toward the upper portion, For stirring soil on the upper and lower surfaces of the spiral blade A soil excavation tool having a number of claws, an air outlet in the front conduit, and an injectant outlet in the spiral blade; and d) an inner pipe connecting the swivel with the soil excavating tool and an outer pipe. An intermediate shaft that is a double tube made of tubes,
e) The inner tubes of the rotating shaft that are double tubes and the spaces between the inner tube and the outer tube have passages through which fluid can pass and prevent relative rotation between the rotating shafts. A civil engineering machine for soil excavation, which comprises a connecting device provided with an anti-rotation mechanism, and.
たらせん状羽根を有し、前記軸体においてらせん状羽根
が取り付けられる部分は軸方向に沿って中央部が太く両
端部が細くなるように構成され、前記らせん状羽根のル
ープは先端部から中央部に向かって径が広がり、また上
部へ向かって径が小さくなる形状であり、前記らせん状
羽根の上面および下面に土壌を撹拌するための複数の爪
を設けた土壌掘削工具を回転させ、かつ先導管より圧縮
空気を噴出しながら土壌を掘削し、所定の深さに達した
後に土壌掘削工具を逆回転させて土壌を撹拌させながら
らせん状羽根部よりセメントミルクを注入して土壌とセ
メントミルクを混合させ、土壌中に改良体を造成する土
壌改良工法。6. A front conduit, a shaft, and a spiral blade attached to the periphery of the shaft, and a portion of the shaft to which the spiral blade is attached has a thick central portion along the axial direction and has both end portions. The loop of the spiral blade has a shape in which the diameter expands from the tip to the center and decreases toward the upper part, and soil is formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the spiral blade. Rotate the soil excavation tool provided with multiple claws for stirring, and excavate the soil while ejecting compressed air from the tip conduit, and after reaching a predetermined depth, rotate the soil excavation tool in the reverse direction to remove the soil. A soil improvement method that mixes soil and cement milk by injecting cement milk from the spiral blade with stirring to create an improved body in the soil.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001365491A JP3391781B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-11-30 | Soil excavation tool, civil engineering machine for soil excavation, and soil improvement method |
PCT/JP2002/007138 WO2003006785A1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-07-12 | Soil excavating tool, swivel, connecting device, and ground improving method |
CNB028022556A CN1287064C (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-07-12 | Soil excavating tool, swivel, connecting device and ground improving method |
KR10-2003-7007041A KR100528682B1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-07-12 | Soil excavating tool, swivel, connecting device, and ground improving method |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001213012 | 2001-07-13 | ||
JP2001-213012 | 2001-07-13 | ||
JP2001365491A JP3391781B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-11-30 | Soil excavation tool, civil engineering machine for soil excavation, and soil improvement method |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002295407A Division JP2003161093A (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-10-08 | Apparatus for connecting rotating shaft of civil engineering machine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2003090189A JP2003090189A (en) | 2003-03-28 |
JP3391781B2 true JP3391781B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 |
Family
ID=26618651
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001365491A Expired - Fee Related JP3391781B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-11-30 | Soil excavation tool, civil engineering machine for soil excavation, and soil improvement method |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3391781B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100528682B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1287064C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003006785A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009185494A (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-20 | Shinichi Yamashita | Earth retaining method and excavating member for earth retaining member vertical installation used for the method |
JP2010242342A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-28 | Shinichi Yamashita | Excavation member and construction method for erecting earth retaining member |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3974937B2 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2007-09-12 | 山伸工業株式会社 | Ground improvement method |
JP4695734B2 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2011-06-08 | 山伸工業株式会社 | Soil excavation tool and soil improvement method |
IT1401219B1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2013-07-12 | Trevi Spa | HEAD OF INJECTION TO INJECT PRESSURIZED FLUID CONSOLIDATING MIXTURES IN THE GROUND. |
JP5840891B2 (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2016-01-06 | 大地 山下 | Removal method of retaining members |
JP6245543B2 (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2017-12-13 | 大地 山下 | Soil improvement body construction method |
KR102064730B1 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-02-11 | (주)대한건설이엔지 | Automatic horizontal compaction apparatus for sandy grounds around the joint and the sewer drilling perimeter, Horizontal compaction method using the same |
CN111318559A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-23 | 四川曙安建设工程有限公司 | Soil remediation gas injection equipment for soil treatment |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6158253U (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1986-04-19 | ||
JPS61188691U (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1986-11-25 | ||
JP2000017649A (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2000-01-18 | Nit Co Ltd | Soil improvement method |
JP3687027B2 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2005-08-24 | 大和基工株式会社 | Joint device for extending excavation work rods |
JP2001159130A (en) * | 1999-12-01 | 2001-06-12 | Yamashin Kogyo Kk | Mechanical-agitation air cement-milk mixing force- feeding method and device |
-
2001
- 2001-11-30 JP JP2001365491A patent/JP3391781B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-07-12 KR KR10-2003-7007041A patent/KR100528682B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-07-12 CN CNB028022556A patent/CN1287064C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-12 WO PCT/JP2002/007138 patent/WO2003006785A1/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009185494A (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-20 | Shinichi Yamashita | Earth retaining method and excavating member for earth retaining member vertical installation used for the method |
JP2010242342A (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-28 | Shinichi Yamashita | Excavation member and construction method for erecting earth retaining member |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2003090189A (en) | 2003-03-28 |
CN1287064C (en) | 2006-11-29 |
KR100528682B1 (en) | 2005-11-15 |
KR20040007416A (en) | 2004-01-24 |
CN1531622A (en) | 2004-09-22 |
WO2003006785A1 (en) | 2003-01-23 |
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