JP3359307B2 - Method and apparatus for drying and carbonizing organic waste - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for drying and carbonizing organic wasteInfo
- Publication number
- JP3359307B2 JP3359307B2 JP25077699A JP25077699A JP3359307B2 JP 3359307 B2 JP3359307 B2 JP 3359307B2 JP 25077699 A JP25077699 A JP 25077699A JP 25077699 A JP25077699 A JP 25077699A JP 3359307 B2 JP3359307 B2 JP 3359307B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- furnace
- drying
- heating cylinder
- hot air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本願の発明は、有機性物質を
乾燥したり炭化して処理する方法と装置、中でも、多量
の水分を含有する有機性廃棄物を乾燥及び炭化処理する
のに適した処理方法と装置に係わるもので、例えば、厩
舎等で用いた敷き藁、養鶏場の鶏糞、脱穀した籾殻、飲
料業界から出たコーヒーや紅茶等の搾り滓、家庭や飲食
店から出た野菜屑その他の厨芥、ゴルフ場等の刈り芝、
その他工場から出た有機材料を含んだ産業廃棄物等々の
有機性廃棄物を処理するのに適した乾燥処理及び炭化処
理する方法とその処理装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for drying or carbonizing an organic substance, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus suitable for drying and carbonizing an organic waste containing a large amount of water. It relates to the processing method and equipment, for example, litter used in stables, chicken manure from poultry farms, threshed rice husks, coffee and tea etc. from the beverage industry, vegetable waste from homes and restaurants Other kitchen waste, cut grass such as golf courses,
The present invention relates to a method for performing a drying treatment and a carbonization treatment suitable for treating an organic waste such as an industrial waste containing an organic material discharged from a factory, and a treatment apparatus therefor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】有機性廃棄物の中でも植物性の廃棄物に
ついての処理方法としては、野焼きを含めて自然乾燥さ
せたものを焼却する方法が、従来から一般に広く採用さ
れてきたが、近年の生活環境や社会環境の変化に伴って
単に焼却するだけの方法は採用できなくなり、特に、腐
敗臭やその他の悪臭及び煙その他の排気ガスを伴うもの
は、その処理を適切に行わなければ許されなくなってき
た。2. Description of the Related Art As a method of treating plant waste among organic wastes, a method of incineration of naturally dried ones, including open burning, has been widely and generally employed. The simple incineration method cannot be adopted due to changes in the living environment and social environment.Especially, those with putrid odor and other odors and smoke and other exhaust gas are not allowed unless they are properly treated. Is gone.
【０００３】その解決策の一つとして、特開昭５０−１
３０８０３号公報に見るように、野菜や草木の屑等を乾
留して焼却する処理方法が提案されているが、その方法
は燃焼室と乾留室とを分離して設けた焼却装置を用い
て、燃焼室内に投入した燃焼し易い木片等を燃焼させた
熱で乾留室内に投入された野菜や草木の屑等を乾留する
ようにしたものであるが、このような装置は燃焼効率が
悪くて、また悪臭を発生する恐れがあるので、広く普及
させることができない。One of the solutions is disclosed in
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 30803, a treatment method for carbonizing vegetables and vegetation scraps by incineration has been proposed. The method uses an incinerator provided with a combustion chamber and a carbonization chamber separated from each other. Vegetables and vegetation debris, etc., introduced into the carbonization chamber with the heat of burning easily combustible pieces of wood, etc., introduced into the combustion chamber are carbonized, but such devices have poor combustion efficiency, In addition, since it may generate a bad smell, it cannot be widely used.
【０００４】また、別の解決策として、特開昭５２−２
１１６７号公報に見るように、厨芥や雑草等を粗砕して
異物を分離した後で、ジューサー又はすりつぶす機械に
より微細化してから一次乾燥したものを造粒化して、更
にそれを二次乾燥を行って、発生するガスを分離した
後、有機質肥料または飼料に加工すると共に、発生した
ガスを燃焼処理する方法であるが、このような方法はそ
の処理に多くの手間を要し、また、水分を多く含んだ刈
り芝やコーヒー滓等の乾燥や炭化処理にはあまり適して
いない。Another solution is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
As seen in Japanese Patent No. 1167, after crushing kitchen garbage and weeds and separating foreign matter, the mixture is refined by a juicer or a crushing machine, and then granulated from the primary dried product, and further subjected to secondary drying. It is a method of conducting the process, separating out the generated gas, processing it into organic fertilizer or feed, and burning the generated gas. It is not very suitable for drying or carbonizing cut grass or coffee slag containing a large amount of.
【０００５】上記したような従来技術を、牛舎や厩舎で
使用した敷き藁や脱穀した後の籾殻、砂を含有する刈り
芝、水分を含むコーヒーや豆腐の搾り滓等に適用して処
理するには、含水率が多過ぎたり、難燃性であったりし
て、適切な処理が思うようにはできず、また、天日乾燥
してから処理しようとすると、腐敗して悪臭を放ここと
となりその処置に困る原因にもなる。特に、ゴルフ場の
刈り取った芝には、雑草と相当量の砂が混ざっており、
上記のような従来の焼却装置を用いたのでは、刈り取っ
てすぐの生芝そのままのもを、完全に燃焼させたり、ま
た、炭化処理することは困難であった。[0005] The above-mentioned prior art is applied to bedding used in cowsheds and stables, rice hulls after threshing, cut grass containing sand, squeezed coffee and tofu containing moisture, and the like. Is too moist or too flame-retardant to be able to treat it properly, and if it is dried in the sun, it will rot and smell bad. It becomes a cause of trouble in the treatment. In particular, weeds and a considerable amount of sand are mixed in the turf cut off at golf courses,
When the conventional incinerator as described above is used, it is difficult to completely burn the raw turf directly after cutting and to perform carbonization.
【０００６】そこで、刈り芝やコーヒー滓等の多量の水
分を含んだ有機物を炭化処理するものとして、特開平６
−１２２８７９号公報に見るような装置が知られてい
が、その装置は、天井面にバーナを備えた熱輻射源を設
けて、且つ、炉内を貧酸素状態に保った円筒状をしたト
ンネル式の乾燥炉内に、刈り芝等を撹拌しつつ移送する
一対のパドルを配置して、ホッパから水分を含んだ刈り
芝等を投入する投入口及び芝等から蒸発した水分を排出
する排気口を前記乾燥炉の前端と後端とに設けると共
に、オーバフローシュートを介して乾燥炉よりも高い温
度に保つ熱輻射源を天井面に設けた炭化炉の端部を接続
して、前記乾燥炉で乾燥した芝等を炭化炉内に供給し
て、一対のパドルにより撹拌、移送しつつ炭化させた
後、前記シュートとは反対側の端部に形成した排出口に
設けた開閉弁から草炭を取り出すようにしたものであ
る。Accordingly, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6 (1994) -157605 discloses a method of carbonizing organic substances containing a large amount of water, such as cut grass and coffee grounds.
An apparatus as disclosed in JP-A-122879 is known. This apparatus is provided with a heat radiation source having a burner on a ceiling surface, and has a cylindrical tunnel type in which the inside of a furnace is kept in an oxygen-deficient state. In the drying oven, a pair of paddles for transferring the cut grass and the like while stirring the cut grass are arranged, and an input port for feeding cut grass containing moisture from the hopper and an exhaust port for discharging moisture evaporated from the grass and the like are provided. Provided at the front end and the rear end of the drying furnace, and connected to the end of a carbonizing furnace provided with a heat radiation source for maintaining a higher temperature than the drying furnace through an overflow chute on the ceiling surface, and dried in the drying furnace. The turf and the like are supplied into a carbonization furnace, carbonized while being stirred and transported by a pair of paddles, and then the coal is taken out from an on-off valve provided at an outlet formed at an end opposite to the chute. It was made.
【０００７】しかし、上記した発明に於いては、乾燥炉
及び炭化炉の天井面に熱輻射源であるバーナを設けた直
熱式であるので、各炉内の温度や酸素量をそれぞれの最
適な温度範囲に制御しなければならないという困難な操
作が伴ったり、また、ゴルフ場の刈り芝は、延びた芝を
刈り取った後で、芝生の凹凸等の傷んだ部分をなくすた
めに、芝生の窪んだ部分に砂を入れて平らにならす作業
を行なうので、多量の砂を含有しているから炭化物と砂
とを分離して再利用することが望まれるが、これらの点
についての考慮がなされていない。[0007] However, in the above-mentioned invention, since the burner which is a heat radiation source is provided on the ceiling surface of the drying furnace and the carbonizing furnace, the temperature and the oxygen amount in each furnace are adjusted to the optimum values. The temperature range must be controlled in a difficult temperature range, and the cut grass on a golf course must be cut off after cutting the extended turf to remove damaged parts such as unevenness on the grass. Since sand is put into the recessed part and flattened, it is desirable to separate carbide and sand for reuse because they contain a large amount of sand.However, these points have been considered. Not.
【０００８】そこで、これらの従来技術を改良すること
により、砂を含んだ刈り芝や多量の水分を含んだコーヒ
ー滓等の処理に適した外熱式の炭化処理装置として、特
開平８−１０４８８０号に見るような発明を出願人は提
案している。その発明は、内部にスクリューコンベヤ又
は螺旋状の溝を設けた円筒状の加熱内筒と該内筒を囲む
ように加熱路を設けた外套壁を形成して、内筒部を外部
から加熱して間接的に乾燥、炭化するようにして外熱式
の炭化処理炉を構成して、前記内部加熱筒の一方の端部
に刈り取った砂混じりの芝を受入れるためのホッパーと
該ホッパーの下部にスクリューフィーダを設けると共
に、他方の端部には炭化処理炉で処理した芝の炭化生成
物と砂とを冷却、分離する冷却分離塔を設けて、前記炭
化処理炉の外套壁に熱風を供給する熱風発生炉を接続し
て炭化処理装置を構成したものである。Therefore, by improving these prior arts, JP-A-8-104880 discloses an external heating type carbonization apparatus suitable for treating cut grass containing sand or coffee slag containing a large amount of water. The applicant proposes an invention as seen in the issue. The invention provides a cylindrical heating inner cylinder provided with a screw conveyor or a spiral groove therein and an outer wall provided with a heating path so as to surround the inner cylinder, and heats the inner cylinder portion from the outside. An externally heated carbonization furnace is constructed to indirectly dry and carbonize, and a hopper and a lower part of the hopper for receiving grass mixed with sand cut at one end of the internal heating tube. A screw feeder is provided, and a cooling separation tower is provided at the other end for cooling and separating the carbonized product and sand of the turf treated in the carbonization furnace and supplying hot air to the outer wall of the carbonization furnace. A carbonization treatment device is configured by connecting a hot air generator.
【０００９】しかし、上記発明は、焼成炉を一基の加熱
筒で構成しているので焼成して処理する量には制限があ
り、このな形式の装置に於いて、その処理量を大きくし
ようとすれば、加熱筒を大径にするか、または、長尺の
ものにすることが必要となるので、装置が大型化して、
設置するのに広い場所が必要となり、維持費もかかるこ
とが分かったので、そこで、上記の発明に更に改良を加
えた先行技術として、出願人は特開平９−６７５８０号
に記載するような発明を提案している。However, in the above-mentioned invention, since the firing furnace is constituted by a single heating cylinder, the amount of firing and processing is limited. In such an apparatus of this type, the processing amount is to be increased. If so, it is necessary to make the heating cylinder a large diameter or a long one, so the device becomes large,
It has been found that a large space is required for installation and maintenance costs are required. Therefore, as a prior art in which the above-mentioned invention is further improved, the applicant has disclosed an invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-67580. Has been proposed.
【００１０】その改良発明とは、図５に示すように、円
筒内部に設けた移送、攪拌部材５４の両端を軸支してな
る外熱式の円筒体（加熱シリンダー）５２を加熱炉５１
内に横置にして複数多段状に重ねて配置して、該円筒体
５２の端部間を開閉装置Ｖを設けた連通路を介して連結
して加熱円筒部を形成すると共に、該加熱円筒部を囲む
加熱炉５１の外套壁５３と前記円筒体５２間に仕切り壁
５３ｅを並列のジクザク状に設けて各円筒体外周面を加
熱するための熱風通路５３ｄを連続状に形成して加熱処
理部を形成して、該加熱処理部の底部近傍に熱風発生炉
５５を連設して、熱風発生炉の熱風吹出し口５５ｃを前
記熱風通路５３ｄの最下端部の熱風供給口に連結して含
水有機廃棄物の乾燥、炭化処理する装置本体を構成す
る。The improved invention is, as shown in FIG. 5, that an externally heated cylindrical body (heating cylinder) 52 supporting both ends of a transfer and stirring member 54 provided inside the cylinder is heated by a heating furnace 51.
The heating cylinder is formed by connecting the ends of the cylindrical body 52 through a communication passage provided with an opening / closing device V to form a heating cylinder. A partition wall 53e is provided in a parallel zigzag shape between the outer wall 53 of the heating furnace 51 surrounding the portion and the cylindrical body 52, and a hot air passage 53d for heating the outer peripheral surface of each cylindrical body is formed in a continuous manner to perform heat treatment. A hot air generating furnace 55 is continuously provided near the bottom of the heat treatment section, and the hot air outlet 55c of the hot air generating furnace is connected to the hot air supply port at the lowermost end of the hot air passage 53d to contain water. Constructs the main unit for drying and carbonizing organic waste.
【００１１】そして、前記加熱処理部の最上段に位置す
る前記円筒体５２に被処理物投入口５２ｅを設けると共
に、最下段に位置する前記円筒体５２に処理物排出口５
２ｆを設けて、熱処理部前半のやや低温に保つ乾燥処理
帯域と加熱処理部後半の高温で酸欠状態に保つ炭化処理
帯域とを形成して、含水有機性廃棄物を連続的に乾燥、
炭化処理可能とし、且つ、前記各円筒体の一端部にそれ
ぞれ排気口を設けて、切り換え装置を有するダクト５６
により各排気口を連結すると共に排煙装置５８及び熱風
発生炉５５に連結した含水有機性廃棄物を乾燥及び炭化
処理するようにした装置である。The workpiece 52 is provided with a workpiece inlet 52e in the uppermost cylinder 52 of the heat treatment section, and the workpiece outlet 5 is provided in the lowermost cylinder 52.
By providing 2f, a drying treatment zone for keeping the temperature slightly lower in the first half of the heat treatment section and a carbonization treatment zone for keeping oxygen deficiency at a high temperature in the latter half of the heat treatment section are formed to continuously dry the water-containing organic waste.
A duct 56 having a switching device which is capable of carbonization and has an exhaust port at one end of each of the cylindrical bodies.
This is an apparatus for connecting the respective exhaust ports and drying and carbonizing the water-containing organic waste connected to the smoke exhaust device 58 and the hot air generating furnace 55.
【００１２】このようにした含水有機性廃棄物を乾燥及
び炭化処理する装置は、従来の装置に比べて、有機性廃
棄物を効率よく乾燥することができると共に、確実に炭
化処理を行うことがてきる装置であることが確認できて
いる。しかしながら、上記発明に於いては、処理物を移
送、攪拌する手段として、通常のスクリューコンベヤー
を用いているので、加熱円筒体を形成するシリンダーの
ライナー面とスクリューとの間に噛み込みが生じて、時
には送りが停止したり、加熱円筒体のライナー面やスク
リューを傷めることがあったり、また、保守点検の面か
ら前記排気用のダクト等を加熱炉の外に設けてあるの
で、排気ダクト等に保温手段が施されないか、また施さ
れた状態でに設けられたとしても、該ダクト等の内部に
は排気ガス中の成分が凝縮して、装置の運転に不都合な
ことが生ずることも分かった。The apparatus for drying and carbonizing hydrated organic waste as described above can dry the organic waste more efficiently than the conventional apparatus and can surely perform the carbonizing treatment. It has been confirmed that this is a good device. However, in the above-mentioned invention, since a normal screw conveyor is used as a means for transferring and stirring the processed material, biting occurs between the liner surface of the cylinder forming the heated cylindrical body and the screw. In some cases, the feed stops, the liner surface of the heating cylinder and the screw may be damaged, and the exhaust duct and the like are provided outside the heating furnace from the viewpoint of maintenance and inspection. It is also found that if the heat retaining means is not provided, or even if it is provided in a state where the heat retaining means is provided, components in the exhaust gas condense inside the ducts and the like, which may cause inconvenience to the operation of the apparatus. Was.
【００１３】そこで、上記した発明のような装置を用い
て、破砕した木片その他の比較的硬いもので、且つ、シ
リンダーとスクリューとの間の隙間に入り込み易い大き
さの有機物や硬い不燃物が混ざった有機性廃棄物を乾
燥、炭化処理する際にも、送りが停止したり、加熱シリ
ンダーやスクリューを傷めたりすることがない処理装置
や排気用のダクト内に排気ガス中の無用な成分が凝縮し
て、ダクトを閉塞させたり、腐食させる原因になった
り、環境への悪影響をもたらしたりするようなこともな
い処理装置を開発して、提供することにした。Therefore, using an apparatus such as the one described above, crushed wood chips and other relatively hard materials such as organic substances and hard incombustible substances having a size that easily enters the gap between the cylinder and the screw are mixed. When drying and carbonizing waste organic waste, unnecessary components in exhaust gas condense in the processing equipment and exhaust duct that do not stop feeding or damage the heating cylinder and screw. Then, a processing device that does not cause blockage or corrosion of the duct or adversely affect the environment is developed and provided.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ゴルフ場等の刈り芝や
コーヒーや紅茶等の搾り滓、工場から排出される有機性
材料等の廃棄物を回収して乾燥及び炭化処理を行うため
に、環境を害することなく、また、衛生的で効率よく処
理を行うことができると共に、炭化処理された炭化物を
砂その他の非炭化物と分離して再利用することが可能
で、且つ、これらの処理を行う装置を傷めずに無理なく
運転操作が可能であるような乾燥、炭化処理装置を提供
することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to collect and dry and carbonize wastes such as cut grass such as golf courses, coffee swarf such as coffee and tea, and organic materials discharged from factories, It is possible to carry out sanitary and efficient treatment without harming and to separate and recycle carbonized carbonized material from sand and other non-carbonized materials, and to carry out these treatments. It is an object of the present invention to provide a drying and carbonizing apparatus that can be easily operated without damaging the apparatus.
【００１５】[0015]
【課題を解決するための手段】刈り芝やコーヒー滓等の
含水有機性廃棄物を乾燥、炭化処理するための外熱式の
円筒体を複数個横置き多段状に重ねた状態にして加熱炉
内に設けて、前記加熱円筒体の前段部を乾燥処理部とな
すと共に後段部を炭化処理部となして乾燥、炭化処理装
置本体を形成して、前記加熱円筒体の内部には回転軸を
片持ち式に支持したスパイラルスクリューコンベヤから
なる撹拌、移送手段を回動自在に設けて、前記加熱円筒
体の端部を上下方向に連結して連続状となした加熱円筒
部を形成してと共に、前記加熱円筒体の間に仕切り体を
設けて該円筒体を外側から加熱するための熱風通路をジ
クザク状に形成して多段状の加熱処理部を構成する。Means for Solving the Problems A heating furnace in which a plurality of externally heated cylindrical bodies for drying and carbonizing hydrated organic wastes such as cut grass and coffee grounds are placed side by side in a multi-stage shape. Provided in the heating cylinder, the former part of the heating cylinder is a drying treatment part and the latter part of the heating cylinder is a carbonization treatment part to form a drying and carbonization treatment device main body. A stirring and transfer means comprising a spiral screw conveyor supported in a cantilever manner is provided rotatably to form a continuous heating cylindrical portion by connecting the ends of the heating cylindrical body in a vertical direction. A multistage heat treatment section is formed by providing a partition between the heating cylinders and forming a hot air passage for heating the cylinder from the outside in a zigzag shape.
【００１６】そして、前記最上段の円筒体の一端部には
含水有機性廃棄物を供給する供給装置を設けると共に、
最下段の円筒体の一端部には炭化処理部で処理した炭化
生成物を冷却せしめる冷却装置を設け、また、必要に応
じて炭化物と非炭化物とを分離して排出するような装置
を設けて、そして、加熱炉の下部近傍部には加熱炉内に
熱風を供給するための熱風発生炉を設けて、該熱風炉の
先端部と加熱炉の下部とを連結すると共に、加熱円筒体
の一端に設けた排気口に連通する排気ダクトないしは管
路を加熱路内に配置して、該ダクトと熱風発生炉に燃焼
空気を供給する給気装置に設けたエゼクター部とを連結
して、最適な含水有機性廃棄物の乾燥、炭化処理装置を
構成する。A supply device for supplying hydrated organic waste is provided at one end of the uppermost cylindrical body.
At one end of the lowermost cylinder is provided a cooling device for cooling the carbonized product treated in the carbonizing section, and, if necessary, a device for separating and discharging carbide and non-carbonized material. And, a hot air generating furnace for supplying hot air into the heating furnace is provided near a lower portion of the heating furnace, and a leading end of the hot air furnace and a lower portion of the heating furnace are connected to each other, and one end of a heating cylinder is provided. An exhaust duct or a pipe communicating with the exhaust port provided in the heater is disposed in the heating path, and the duct is connected to an ejector unit provided in an air supply device for supplying combustion air to the hot air generating furnace, so that an optimal Construct an apparatus for drying and carbonizing hydrated organic waste.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の実施の形態】加熱可能な円筒体２の内部に耐熱
性と弾性を有するスパイラルスクリュー３ａを片持ち式
に回転自在に軸支して設けたスパイラルスクリューコン
ベヤ３を横置きの状態に複数段重ねて配置して、前記円
筒体２の端部を連通路２ａにより連結して加熱円筒部４
を形成して、該加熱円筒部を囲むようにして外套壁１ａ
を設けると共に、該外套壁１ａと加熱円筒体２との間に
仕切り壁１ｂを設けてジグザグ状の熱風通路４ａとなし
た加熱炉１を形成し、該加熱炉の底部に熱風を供給する
熱風発生炉５を連設して含水有機性廃棄物を乾燥及び炭
化処理する加熱処理装置の本体を形成する。そして、前
記加熱炉１の上方部分には廃棄物等の被処理物を受け入
れるためのホッパー７ｂを有する供給装置７を設けると
共に、加熱炉の下方部分に乾燥及び炭化処理した物質を
排出するための冷却装置８ｂを有する排出装置８を設け
て、本願発明の有機性廃棄物の乾燥及び炭化する加熱処
理装置を構成する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A spiral screw conveyor 3 having a heat-resistant and elastic spiral screw 3a rotatably supported in a cantilever manner inside a heatable cylindrical body 2 is provided in a horizontal state. The heating cylinder portion 4 is arranged in an overlapping manner, and the ends of the cylinder 2 are connected by a communication passage 2a.
To form a mantle wall 1a so as to surround the heating cylindrical portion.
And a partition wall 1b is provided between the jacket wall 1a and the heating cylindrical body 2 to form a heating furnace 1 having a zigzag hot air passage 4a, and hot air for supplying hot air to the bottom of the heating furnace is formed. The generator 5 is connected to form a main body of a heat treatment apparatus for drying and carbonizing hydrated organic waste. A supply device 7 having a hopper 7b for receiving an object to be treated such as waste is provided at an upper portion of the heating furnace 1, and a drying and carbonizing material is discharged to a lower portion of the heating furnace. The discharge device 8 having the cooling device 8b is provided to constitute a heat treatment device for drying and carbonizing the organic waste of the present invention.
【００１８】上記のように構成した乾燥、炭化処理装置
に於いて、刈り芝やコーヒー滓等の多量の水分を含んだ
被処理物を供給装置７のホッパー７ｂに投入し、スクリ
ューフィーダー７ａの作用により前方へ押し出しなが
ら、外気が進入しないように二重ダンパー７ｄを開閉し
て、前記スパイラルスクリューコンベヤ３を構成する加
熱円筒体２の一端に設けた供給口２ｅから加熱円筒部４
に供給する。加熱円筒部４に供給された有機性廃棄物
は、片持ち式のスパイラルスクリュー３ａにより加熱円
筒体２内を攪拌されつつ前方へ移送されて、該加熱円筒
体の外部から加熱して乾燥処理される。In the drying and carbonizing apparatus configured as described above, the material to be treated containing a large amount of water, such as cut grass and coffee grounds, is charged into the hopper 7b of the supply device 7, and the operation of the screw feeder 7a is performed. The double damper 7d is opened and closed so that the outside air does not enter, while being pushed forward, and the heating cylindrical portion 4 is provided from one end of the heating cylindrical body 2 constituting the spiral screw conveyor 3 through a supply port 2e.
To supply. The organic waste supplied to the heating cylinder 4 is transferred forward while being stirred inside the heating cylinder 2 by a cantilevered spiral screw 3a, and is heated and dried from outside the heating cylinder. You.
【００１９】乾燥された有機性廃棄物は、乾燥処理部よ
りも高い温度で外部から加熱されている次の炭化処理部
へ送られて、スパイラルスクリューコンベヤ３からなる
加熱円筒部４内を撹拌されつつ移送されて、酸欠状態で
加熱して炭化処理される。炭化された被処理物は、スパ
イラルスクリューコンベヤ３の加熱円筒体２の一端部に
設けられた排出口２ｆから排出装置８へ送られて冷却さ
れた後、外気が進入しないように二重ダンパー８ｄを開
閉して、スクリュコンベヤー８ａ等の送り作用により貯
溜槽９へ排出されて炭化生成物となる。The dried organic waste is sent to the next carbonization section, which is heated from the outside at a higher temperature than the drying section, and is stirred in the heating cylindrical section 4 comprising the spiral screw conveyor 3. While being transferred, it is heated and carbonized in an oxygen-deficient state. The carbonized workpiece is sent from the outlet 2f provided at one end of the heating screw 2 of the spiral screw conveyor 3 to the discharging device 8 and cooled, and then the double damper 8d is used to prevent outside air from entering. Is opened and closed, and is discharged into the storage tank 9 by the feeding action of the screw conveyor 8a or the like to become a carbonized product.
【００２０】[0020]
【実施例】実施例１．本願発明について、最適な一つの
実施例に基づいて詳細に説明すると、以下のようであ
る。図１に示したものは、本願発明の乾燥、炭化処理を
行う装置を説明するための概略を図示した縦断面図であ
る。本発明の乾燥及び炭化処理装置には、加熱炉１の上
方に装置本体の加熱円筒体へ刈り芝やコーヒー滓、その
他の有機物を含む廃棄物等の被処理物（原材料）を供給
する漏斗状をしたホッパー７ｂを設けると共に被処理物
を送り込むクリューフィーダー７ａが内蔵された供給装
置７と、加熱炉１の下方に加熱円筒体から排出する乾燥
及び炭化処理された物質を冷却する冷却装置８ｂを設け
ると共に既処理物を送りだすスクリュコンベヤー８ａが
内蔵された排出装置８とが具備されている。[Embodiment 1] The present invention will be described below in detail based on an optimal embodiment. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an apparatus for performing the drying and carbonizing treatment of the present invention. The drying and carbonizing apparatus of the present invention has a funnel-like shape which supplies an object to be treated (raw material) such as cut turf, coffee residue, and other waste containing organic matter to a heating cylinder of the apparatus body above the heating furnace 1. And a cooling device 8b that cools the dried and carbonized material discharged from the heating cylinder below the heating furnace 1 with a built-in hopper 7b and a built-in screw feeder 7a for feeding the object to be processed. A discharge device 8 having a built-in screw conveyor 8a for feeding out a processed material is provided.
【００２１】前記処理装置は、耐熱性と弾性を備えた細
い帯鋼を螺旋状に形成したスパイラルスクリュー３ａを
円筒内部に設けると共に、該スクリュー３ａをモーター
等の駆動手段Ｍを備えた駆動装置により片持ち式の回転
自在に軸支してなる外部加熱式の円筒体２からなるスパ
イラルスクリューコンベヤ３を横置きに複数段重ねた状
態に設置して、前記円筒体の端部を連通路２ａにより連
結して形成した加熱円筒体２と、該円筒体を囲むように
外套壁１ａを形成した加熱炉１と、該加熱炉に熱風を供
給する熱風発生炉５とにより構成されている。更に、前
記加熱炉１内部の加熱円筒体２の間には、外套壁１ａで
支持するようにして仕切り壁１ｂが設けられて、前記加
熱円筒体を熱風発生炉５からの熱風により外部から加熱
するための熱風路４ａが形成されている。The processing apparatus is provided with a spiral screw 3a in which a thin steel strip having heat resistance and elasticity is formed in a spiral shape inside a cylinder, and the screw 3a is driven by a driving device having driving means M such as a motor. A spiral screw conveyor 3 composed of an externally heated cylindrical body 2 rotatably supported in a cantilever type is installed in a horizontally stacked state, and the end of the cylindrical body is connected by a communication passage 2a. It comprises a heating cylindrical body 2 formed by connection, a heating furnace 1 having an outer wall 1a surrounding the cylindrical body, and a hot air generating furnace 5 for supplying hot air to the heating furnace. Further, a partition wall 1b is provided between the heating cylinders 2 inside the heating furnace 1 so as to be supported by a jacket wall 1a, and the heating cylinder is externally heated by hot air from a hot air generating furnace 5. Hot air passage 4a is formed.
【００２２】そして、前記加熱炉１下部の熱風路の熱風
取入れ口１ｄには熱風発生炉５の熱風噴出し口５ｄが連
結されて、また、前記加熱炉１上部の排気口１ｆには煙
突等の排煙装置１０が連結されていて、そして、前記加
熱円筒部４は、熱風発生炉５に近い下段部分の高温で酸
欠状態に保たれる炭化処理帯域４ｃと、排気口１ｆに近
い上段部分のやや低温に保たれる乾燥処理帯域４ｂとに
形成されて、含水有機性廃棄物の乾燥、炭化処理装置が
構成されている。A hot air outlet 5d of a hot air generating furnace 5 is connected to a hot air inlet 1d of a hot air passage below the heating furnace 1, and a chimney or the like is connected to an exhaust port 1f of the upper heating furnace 1. The heating cylinder 4 has a carbonization treatment zone 4c in a lower part near the hot air generator 5 where oxygen is depleted at a high temperature, and an upper part near the exhaust port 1f. The drying treatment zone 4b, which is kept at a relatively low temperature, forms an apparatus for drying and carbonizing hydrated organic waste.
【００２３】即ち、前記加熱円筒部４は、熱風発生炉５
の熱風噴き出し口５ｄを通して加熱炉下部の熱風路４ａ
に供給された燃焼装置１２からの高温の熱風により外側
から間接的に加熱されるので、熱風の流れ方向は加熱円
筒体２内の被処理物の移動方向とは向流状態になり、下
段の加熱円筒体２は高温に熱せられるが、上段の加熱円
筒部２は温度が低下してやや低温に熱せられるので、上
流の加熱円筒部４ｂは乾燥処理に適した温度帯域とな
り、下流の加熱円筒部４ｃは炭化処理に適した温度帯域
に保たれることになる。That is, the heating cylindrical portion 4 is
Hot air passage 4a at the bottom of the heating furnace through hot air outlet 5d
Is heated indirectly from the outside by the high-temperature hot air from the combustion device 12 supplied to the heating device, so that the flow direction of the hot air is in a countercurrent state with the moving direction of the object to be processed in the heating cylinder 2, and Although the heating cylinder 2 is heated to a high temperature, the heating cylinder 2 in the upper stage is heated to a slightly lower temperature as the temperature is lowered, so that the upstream heating cylinder 4b has a temperature zone suitable for the drying process, and the downstream heating cylinder 4 4c will be kept in a temperature zone suitable for carbonization.
【００２４】更に、前記供給装置７の先端開口部７ｄ
は、モーターＭ等により自動開閉する二重ダンパー７ｄ
を備えた供給調整装置７ｅを介して、加熱炉１内の加熱
円筒体２へ被処理物を供給する投入口２ｅに連結されて
おり、また、前記加熱炉１内の最下方の円筒体の一端に
設けた排出口２ｆには、乾燥及び炭化処理した物質を排
出するための冷却装置８ｂを設けた排出装置８が連結さ
れていて、該排出装置には外気の進入を防止するように
モーターＭなどにより開閉する二重ダンパー８ｄが設け
られている。Further, a tip opening 7d of the supply device 7
Is a double damper 7d that opens and closes automatically with a motor M, etc.
Is connected to an input port 2e for supplying an object to be heated to the heating cylinder 2 in the heating furnace 1 through a supply adjusting device 7e provided with A discharge device 8 provided with a cooling device 8b for discharging the dried and carbonized material is connected to a discharge port 2f provided at one end, and a motor is provided to the discharge device to prevent the outside air from entering. A double damper 8d which is opened and closed by M or the like is provided.
【００２５】また、前記加熱円筒体２の各先端部には、
伸縮可能なベローズ状の支持体２ｂが設けられていて、
加熱により熱膨張する円筒体の伸長分を吸収するように
加熱炉内に滑り承け体２ｊにより支持されると共に、乾
燥処理帶域及び炭化処理帶域の加熱円筒体２内に於いて
発生する乾溜ガス等を排気する開口部２ｃは加熱炉内に
設けられた排気ダクト６に接続されていて、発生した乾
溜ガス等は、前記排気ダクト６の下端部に連結したエゼ
クター装置１１ｂに導かれて、熱風発生炉に供給される
燃焼空気に混合されて、熱風発生炉で燃焼される。そし
て、前記エゼクター装置１１ｂは、図１に示すように、
筒状体の先端部をテーパー状に絞った先端をラッパ状に
形成されており、加熱炉１内に設けられた前記排気ダク
ト６の先端部が連結されると共に、前記筒状体内のテー
パー部に燃焼空気の供給装置１１のノズル部１１ａの先
端が挿着されて、燃焼空気流との協働によるベンチュリ
ー作用により前記乾溜ガス等を吸引するように構成され
ている。Further, at each end of the heating cylinder 2,
An elastic bellows-like support 2b is provided,
In addition to being supported by the sliding support 2j in the heating furnace so as to absorb the extension of the cylinder which expands thermally due to heating, the dry distillation generated in the heating cylinder 2 in the drying treatment zone and the carbonization treatment zone. The opening 2c for exhausting gas and the like is connected to an exhaust duct 6 provided in the heating furnace, and the generated dry gas and the like are guided to an ejector device 11b connected to the lower end of the exhaust duct 6, It is mixed with the combustion air supplied to the hot air generator and burned in the hot air generator. And the said ejector apparatus 11b is, as shown in FIG.
The distal end of the cylindrical body is tapered to form a trumpet-shaped distal end. The distal end of the exhaust duct 6 provided in the heating furnace 1 is connected, and the tapered portion in the cylindrical body is connected. The tip of the nozzle portion 11a of the combustion air supply device 11 is inserted into the nozzle, and the dry distillation gas is sucked by a Venturi action in cooperation with the combustion air flow.
【００２６】上記のような構成にした本発明の含水有機
性廃棄物の乾燥、炭化処理装置に於いて、刈り芝やコー
ヒー滓、その他の有機物を含む廃棄物等の被処理物（原
材料）を供給装置７のホッパー７ｂに投入すると、スク
リューフィーダー７ａの作用により前方へ押し出される
と共に、モーターＭの作動により外気を取り込まないよ
うに供給調整装置７ｅの二重ダンパー７ｄを開閉して、
スパイラルスクリューコンベヤ３の加熱円筒体（シリン
ダー）２の一端部に設けた供給口２ｅへ供給される。In the apparatus for drying and carbonizing the water-containing organic waste of the present invention having the above-described structure, the material to be treated (raw material) such as cut grass, coffee scum, and other waste containing organic matter is removed. When thrown into the hopper 7b of the supply device 7, it is pushed forward by the action of the screw feeder 7a, and opens and closes the double damper 7d of the supply adjustment device 7e so as not to take in outside air by the operation of the motor M.
It is supplied to a supply port 2 e provided at one end of a heated cylindrical body (cylinder) 2 of a spiral screw conveyor 3.
【００２７】このようにして、スパイラルスクリューコ
ンベヤ３を構成する加熱円筒体２内に供給された有機性
廃棄物は、該加熱円筒体内に片持ちに軸支されたスパイ
ラルスクリュー３ａにより撹拌されながら加熱円筒体内
を前方へ移送されて、外部から加熱される加熱円筒部４
の前段部分４ａで乾燥処理される。そして、乾燥処理さ
れた有機性廃棄物は、続けてスパイラルスクリューコン
ベヤ３内を加熱円筒部４の後段部分４ｃへ撹拌されなが
ら移送されて、外側から更に高い温度で加熱されて酸欠
状態の下で蒸し焼き状態にして炭化処理される。In this manner, the organic waste supplied into the heating cylinder 2 constituting the spiral screw conveyor 3 is heated while being stirred by the spiral screw 3a which is cantilevered in the heating cylinder. Heated cylindrical part 4 which is transferred forward inside the cylindrical body and heated from outside
Is dried in the former part 4a. Then, the dried organic waste is continuously transported inside the spiral screw conveyor 3 to the rear part 4c of the heating cylindrical part 4 while being stirred, and is further heated from the outside at a higher temperature to be subjected to an oxygen-deficient state. And then carbonized.
【００２８】このようにして炭化処理された被処理物
は、加熱円筒体２の一端部に設けた排出口２ｆから排出
装置８へ送って冷却された後、モーターＭの作動により
二重ダンパー８ｄを開閉して、外気を取り込まないよう
にしてスクリューコンベヤ８ａ等により排出されて、貯
溜槽９に炭化物として回収される。また、上記のように
乾燥処理及び炭化処理を行う途中に於いて、被処理物に
含まれていた気化成分や分解ガス、乾留ガス、その他の
種々のガスが発生するが、これらの気体は、加熱円筒体
の先端開口部から加熱炉内部に配置された排気ダクト６
内に導かれて、熱風により加熱される排気ダクト内で凝
縮しない程度に加熱される。そして、加熱された前記種
々のガスは前記エゼクター装置１１ｂのベンチュリー作
用により吸引されて、ダクト内に於いて排気ガス中の各
種成分が凝縮するようなこともなく、また、外気供給口
１１ｃからの空気に混合されて燃焼用空気を温めてから
熱風発生炉５内へ送り込まれて燃焼されて、無臭、無色
で無害な気体へ完全に分解された後に、排気口１ｆ、排
気管１９ａを経て排煙装置１０から排気される。The object to be carbonized in this way is sent to the discharge device 8 through a discharge port 2f provided at one end of the heating cylindrical body 2 and cooled, and then the double damper 8d is operated by the motor M. Is opened and closed so that the outside air is not taken in, and is discharged by the screw conveyor 8a or the like, and collected in the storage tank 9 as carbide. Further, during the drying process and the carbonization process as described above, a vaporized component, a decomposition gas, a carbonization gas, and other various gases contained in the object to be processed are generated. Exhaust duct 6 arranged inside the heating furnace from the opening at the tip of the heating cylinder
And heated to such an extent that it does not condense in the exhaust duct heated by the hot air. The heated various gases are sucked by the venturi function of the ejector device 11b, so that various components in the exhaust gas are not condensed in the duct, and the various gases are supplied from the outside air supply port 11c. After being mixed with air and warming the combustion air, it is sent into the hot air generating furnace 5 where it is burned, completely decomposed into an odorless, colorless and harmless gas, and then exhausted through the exhaust port 1f and the exhaust pipe 19a. It is exhausted from the smoke device 10.
【００２９】実施例２．本願発明について、図２に示す
ような別の実施例に基づいて詳細に説明すると、以下の
ようである。実施例１と同様に、有機物を含む廃棄物を
乾燥及び炭化処理する加熱炉１の外部に、被処理物を供
給するホッパーを備えた供給装置７と、既処理物を排出
する冷却装置を備えた排出装置８とを設けた加熱、炭化
処理装置に於いて、駆動装置Ｍにより回転自在に軸支し
たスパイラルスクリュー３ａを設けた外部加熱式の円筒
体２からなるスパイラルスクリューコンベヤ３を横置き
に複数段重ねたものを、連通口を有する弾性変形可能な
連結部材２ｋにより連結して加熱円筒部４を形成して、
該加熱円筒部を外套壁３で囲むようにして加熱炉１を形
成すると共に、該加熱炉１の近傍に加熱炉内に熱風を供
給する熱風発生炉５を形成して、前記加熱炉１内の加熱
円筒体２の間に仕切り壁１ｂを設けて加熱円筒体を熱風
発生炉５からの熱風により外部から加熱するように熱風
路４ａを形成して加熱、炭化処理装置を構成する。Embodiment 2 FIG. The present invention will be described below in detail based on another embodiment as shown in FIG. As in the first embodiment, outside the heating furnace 1 for drying and carbonizing waste containing organic matter, a supply device 7 having a hopper for supplying an object to be treated and a cooling device for discharging an object to be treated are provided. Screw conveyor 3 consisting of an externally heated cylindrical body 2 provided with a spiral screw 3a rotatably supported by a driving device M in a heating and carbonization treatment device provided with a discharge device 8 which is provided horizontally. The heating cylinder portion 4 is formed by connecting a plurality of stacked members by an elastically deformable connecting member 2k having a communication port,
The heating furnace 1 is formed so as to surround the heating cylindrical portion with the mantle wall 3, and a hot air generating furnace 5 for supplying hot air into the heating furnace is formed in the vicinity of the heating furnace 1 so as to heat the heating furnace 1. A partition wall 1b is provided between the cylindrical bodies 2 and a hot air path 4a is formed so as to heat the heated cylindrical body from the outside by hot air from the hot air generating furnace 5, thereby forming a heating and carbonizing apparatus.
【００３０】そして、前記供給装置７は自動開閉する二
重ダンパー７ｄを備えた供給調整装置７ｅを介して、加
熱炉１内の最上段の加熱円筒体２に設けた被処理物の供
給口２ｅに連結されており、また、前記加熱炉１内の最
下段の円筒体２に設けた排出口２ｆには、乾燥及び炭化
処理した物質を排出する排出装置８が連結されて、実施
例１と同様にして、該排出装置は自動開閉する二重ダン
パーを介して処理物を回収する貯溜槽に連結されてい
る。The supply device 7 is provided with a supply port 2e for an object provided in the uppermost heating cylinder 2 in the heating furnace 1 via a supply adjusting device 7e having a double damper 7d which automatically opens and closes. In addition, a discharge device 8 for discharging the dried and carbonized material is connected to a discharge port 2f provided in the lowermost cylindrical body 2 in the heating furnace 1. Similarly, the discharge device is connected to a storage tank for recovering the processed material via a double damper that automatically opens and closes.
【００３１】上記のように構成した加熱処理装置は、前
記加熱円筒体２の各先端部に、伸縮可能なベローズ状連
結部材２ｈを設けて、該連結部材を介して加熱円筒体２
内に於いて発生する乾溜ガス等を排気するために加熱炉
内に配置された排気ダクト又は管路６に接続して、加熱
により熱膨張する円筒体の伸長分を吸収すると共に、加
熱円筒体２内に於いて発生する乾溜ガス等を熱風発生炉
５に導いて燃焼させるように排気ダクト６の一端を熱風
発生炉に燃焼空気を供給するために設けた給気装置１１
にに連結している。In the heat treatment apparatus constructed as described above, a bellows-like connecting member 2h is provided at each end of the heating cylinder 2 so as to be extendable and contractible.
Connected to an exhaust duct or pipe line 6 arranged in the heating furnace to exhaust the dry gas and the like generated in the furnace, absorbs the extension of the cylinder that expands thermally by heating, and One end of an exhaust duct 6 is provided to supply combustion air to the hot-air generating furnace 11 so that the dry gas or the like generated in the inside 2 is guided to the hot-air generating furnace 5 for combustion.
Connected to.
【００３２】そして、上記排気ダクト６は、加熱炉１内
に取り外し自在に設けて、一端は加熱炉の上部に突出さ
せて固定すると共に、他端は給気装置１１のノズル部１
１ａに連結して、空気の流れを利用したエゼクター装置
１１ａを構成しているので、加熱炉内に設けた排気ダク
ト６の保守点検も容易に行うことができて、また、前記
排気用のダクト又は管路を加熱炉内に設けたことにより
排気ダクトや管路内に排気ガス中の成分が凝縮して溜ま
ることもなくて、加熱円筒体内は負圧状態とになってい
て乾溜ガス等を連続的に排気させることができる。The exhaust duct 6 is detachably provided in the heating furnace 1, one end of the exhaust duct 6 protrudes from the upper part of the heating furnace and is fixed.
1a, the ejector device 11a utilizing the flow of air is configured, so that the maintenance and inspection of the exhaust duct 6 provided in the heating furnace can be easily performed. Alternatively, since the pipe is provided in the heating furnace, the components in the exhaust gas do not condense and accumulate in the exhaust duct or the pipe, and the heating cylinder is in a negative pressure state, so that the dry gas and the like are removed. It can be exhausted continuously.
【００３３】以上、述べたようにして乾燥及び炭化処理
を行うようにした本願発明はの処理装置は、被処理物を
加熱円筒内で攪拌しながら移送する移送手段として、耐
熱性と弾性及び適正な剛性を有する帯鋼を用いてスパイ
ラルスクリューコンベヤを形成したもので、例えば図３
に示すように、円筒体の内周面に密着しないように隙間
が設けられた構造をしたものである。そして、スパイラ
ルスクリュー２３を駆動軸２３ａで片持ち式に軸支して
用いたことにより、被処理物が多量に送り込まれたり、
被処理物に硬い異物が混入したりしても、剛性と柔軟性
を備えた螺旋体２３ｂが円筒体内に隙間を形成して設け
られたコンベヤは、被処理物を送り損なうことがない程
度に上下、左右方向に簡単に撓むことができると共に、
前後方向にも伸縮することができるので、被処理物がス
パイラルスクリュー２３と加熱円筒体２との間の噛み込
むのをなくすことができて、前記スクリューと円筒体と
の間の噛み込みによる被処理物の移送停止もなくて、ま
た、被処理物の移送操作も静かに行うことができる。As described above, the processing apparatus according to the present invention which performs the drying and carbonization treatment as described above uses heat transfer, elasticity and proper heat transfer means as a transfer means for transferring an object to be processed while stirring it in a heating cylinder. A spiral screw conveyor is formed using a strip of steel having a high rigidity.
As shown in (1), a structure is provided in which a gap is provided so as not to adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. And, by using the spiral screw 23 that is supported by the drive shaft 23a in a cantilever manner, a large amount of the object to be processed is fed in,
Even if hard foreign matter is mixed in the workpiece, the conveyer in which the spiral body 23b having rigidity and flexibility forms a gap in the cylindrical body is moved up and down to such an extent that the workpiece is not fed. , And can easily bend in the left and right direction,
Since it is possible to expand and contract in the front-rear direction, it is possible to prevent the object to be processed from being caught between the spiral screw 23 and the heating cylinder 2, and to prevent the object from being caught between the screw and the cylinder. There is no stoppage of the transfer of the processing object, and the operation of transferring the processing object can be performed quietly.
【００３４】そして、スパイラルスクリューコンベヤ
は、通常のスクリューコンベヤに比べてコンベヤ内の充
填率が大きく取れて、比較的低速で多くの量の被処理物
を安定して移送することができて、円筒体ケーシング内
での送り残しがなくなり、スクリュー面や円筒体の内面
を傷めたりすることもなくて、磨耗を抑えることができ
る。更に、前記スパイラルスクリュー２３の螺旋体２３
ｂの表面に、図４に示すように、板状片からなる攪拌翼
を軸線に水平に付加することにより攪拌効率や移送効率
を一層高めることが可能となる。The spiral screw conveyor has a larger filling rate in the conveyor than a normal screw conveyor, and can stably transfer a large amount of material to be processed at a relatively low speed. It is possible to reduce the abrasion without leaving the feed in the body casing and without damaging the screw surface or the inner surface of the cylindrical body. Further, the spiral body 23 of the spiral screw 23
As shown in FIG. 4, the stirring efficiency and the transfer efficiency can be further increased by adding a stirring blade made of a plate-like piece horizontally to the axis as shown in FIG.
【００３５】また、本願の発明は、被処理物の含水量や
砂等の不純物の含有量に応じて各調整弁等を操作するこ
とにより、加熱円筒内の水蒸気や炭酸ガス等の量、その
他を調節できて、加熱円筒内を目的に合った最適な条件
に保つことができるので、炭化せずに乾燥処理装置のみ
としても使用することが可能である。例えば、上記装置
に於いて、スパイラルスクリューコンベヤの回転数を上
げて、被処理物の各加熱筒内に於ける滞留時間を短くす
ることにより、被処理物が炭化しないように制御すれ
ば、本発明は乾燥装置として使用することができて、ま
た、熱風発生炉の温度を調節して下方の炭化処理部の温
度を炭化温度よりも低く保ことにより、効率のよい乾燥
装置として使用することも可能である。Further, the invention of the present application is to operate the respective regulating valves and the like according to the water content of the object to be treated and the content of impurities such as sand, so that the amount of water vapor and carbon dioxide in the heating cylinder, Can be adjusted, and the inside of the heating cylinder can be maintained at an optimum condition suitable for the purpose. Therefore, the heating cylinder can be used only as a drying treatment device without carbonization. For example, in the above-described apparatus, if the rotation speed of the spiral screw conveyor is increased to shorten the residence time of each object in each heating cylinder so as to prevent the object from being carbonized, the present invention The invention can be used as a drying device, and can also be used as an efficient drying device by adjusting the temperature of the hot air generating furnace to keep the temperature of the lower carbonization processing section lower than the carbonization temperature. It is possible.
【００３６】更に、本願発明は、被処理物を加熱して乾
燥、炭化処理する際に加熱筒内で発生したガスを、熱風
発生炉へ送る燃焼用空気に混ぜることにより冷たい外気
を温めることにより、熱風発生炉の温度を下げないよう
にしているので、エネルギーの節約にもなっている。
尚、上記した構成の炭化処理装置に於いては、炭化処理
炉の加熱円筒内に設けられたスパイラルスクリューコン
ベヤは、一軸形式のものが示されているが、この形式に
限られることなくて、熱風発生炉の容量や加熱円筒内に
於ける撹拌効率等を考慮して、二軸以上のスパイラルス
クリューを用いた多軸形式のスパイラルスクリューコン
ベヤとしてもよいことは言うまでもない。Further, the invention of the present application is to warm the cold outside air by mixing the gas generated in the heating cylinder when heating and drying and carbonizing the object to be treated with the combustion air sent to the hot air generating furnace. In addition, energy is saved because the temperature of the hot air generator is not lowered.
In the carbonization apparatus having the above-described configuration, the spiral screw conveyor provided in the heating cylinder of the carbonization furnace is of a single-shaft type, but is not limited to this type. It is needless to say that a multi-screw type spiral screw conveyor using a spiral screw having two or more shafts may be used in consideration of the capacity of the hot-air generating furnace, the stirring efficiency in the heating cylinder, and the like.
【００３７】また、上記実施例に於いては、スパイラル
スクリューコンベヤを上下方向に重ねて加熱円筒部を構
成したものについて説明したが、本願発明は、このよう
な構造に限定されるものではなくて、スパイラルスクリ
ューコンベヤを水平方向に並列して設けたり、あるい
は、傾斜状に並列して設けたもの（所謂、登り窯状）で
あってもよい。そして、加熱炉と熱風発生炉とは、上下
に連設して一体化されたものであってもよいし、また、
加熱炉の適当な近傍に熱風発生炉を設けて、両者を熱風
路で連結したものであってもよい。Further, in the above-described embodiment, a description has been given of a configuration in which the heating screw portion is formed by vertically stacking spiral screw conveyors. However, the present invention is not limited to such a structure. The spiral screw conveyor may be provided in parallel in the horizontal direction, or may be provided in parallel in an inclined manner (a so-called climbing kiln shape). And the heating furnace and the hot-air generating furnace may be integrated by being vertically connected,
A hot air generating furnace may be provided in an appropriate vicinity of the heating furnace, and both may be connected by a hot air path.
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】本願の発明は、加熱円筒内に設けたリボ
ン状鋼体からなるスパイラルスクリューを片持ち式にし
てスパイラルスクリューコンベヤを構成したので、加熱
円筒内に多量の被処理物が送り込まれたり、また、被処
理物に砂その他の硬い異物が混入していた場合にも、ス
パイラルスクリューコンベヤは、「押し」、「引き」、
「曲げ」等の弾性的変形機能を有しているので、被処理
物の移送を損なわない程度に伸縮したり、湾曲するの
で、コンベヤと円筒体との間に被処理物が噛み込んで、
攪拌、移送がスムーズに行われなくなったり、スクリュ
ーや円筒内面を傷つけたりするようなこともない。According to the invention of the present application, a spiral screw conveyor made of a ribbon-shaped steel body provided in a heating cylinder is cantilevered to constitute a spiral screw conveyor, so that a large amount of workpiece is fed into the heating cylinder. Or, even when sand or other hard foreign matter is mixed in the workpiece, the spiral screw conveyor can be used to push, pull,
Since it has an elastic deformation function such as `` bending '', it expands and contracts to the extent that it does not impair the transfer of the processing object, or it curves, so that the processing object bites between the conveyor and the cylindrical body,
Stirring and transfer are not performed smoothly and the screw and the inner surface of the cylinder are not damaged.
【００３９】本願の発明は、加熱炉中で加熱された円筒
体内を攪拌して移送しながら被処理物を加熱して、乾
燥、炭化処理をするものであるから、被処理物の含水率
や燃焼性に合わせて、スパイラルスクリューコンベヤの
送り速度や加熱円筒内の水蒸気の量、熱風発生炉の温度
等を調節、制御することにより、加熱時間や加熱温度、
焼成条件を乾燥、炭化処理に合わせた最適な装置とする
ことができる。また、装置全体を乾燥処理または炭化処
理だけに適した加熱条件に設定することにより、乾燥装
置あるいは炭化処理装置として単独に使用可能なものに
することもできるIn the present invention, the object to be processed is heated and dried and carbonized while being stirred and transferred in the heated cylindrical body in the heating furnace. By adjusting and controlling the feed speed of the spiral screw conveyor, the amount of water vapor in the heating cylinder, the temperature of the hot air generating furnace, etc. according to the flammability, the heating time and heating temperature,
It is possible to set an optimum apparatus in which the firing conditions are adjusted to the drying and carbonizing treatment. Further, by setting the entire apparatus to a heating condition suitable only for the drying treatment or the carbonization treatment, it is possible to use the drying apparatus or the carbonization treatment apparatus alone.
【００４０】更に、本願の発明は、加熱円筒部で発生し
た乾溜ガス等を排気するダクト又は管路を加熱炉内に配
置して加熱されるように設けたので、従来の装置のよう
に加熱炉内で発生した乾溜ガス等が排気ダクト内で凝縮
するようなことが解消されて、また、発生したガスは全
て自動的にベンチュリー効果を利用したエゼクター装置
により吸引されて、熱風発生炉へ送られるので熱風発生
炉の温度を低下させずに高温で完全燃焼させるという、
エネルギー的に効率良く、且つ、環境的に安全な処理操
作が運転可能となる。Further, according to the invention of the present application, since a duct or a pipe for exhausting a dry gas or the like generated in the heating cylindrical portion is provided in the heating furnace so as to be heated, the heating is performed as in the conventional apparatus. Elimination of the condensed gas generated in the furnace in the exhaust duct is eliminated, and all generated gas is automatically sucked by the venturi effector and sent to the hot air generator. So that it is completely burned at a high temperature without lowering the temperature of the hot air generator.
Energy-efficient and environmentally safe processing operations can be operated.
【図１】本発明の第一実施例の処理装置を示す縦断面図
である。FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の別な実施例の処理装置を示す縦断面図
である。FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明に用いたスパイラルスクリューの例を示
す概略図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a spiral screw used in the present invention.
【図４】本発明に用いたスパイラルスクリューの変形例
を示す部分図である。FIG. 4 is a partial view showing a modified example of the spiral screw used in the present invention.
【図５】本発明の先行例を示す断面概略図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a prior art example of the present invention.
１． 加熱路 １ｂ． 外套壁 １ｄ． 熱風取入れ口 ２． 加熱円筒体 ３． スパイラルスクリューコンベヤ ３ａ． スパイラルスクリュー ４． 加熱円筒部 ５． 熱風発生炉 ５ｄ． 熱風噴き出し口 ６． 排気ダクト ７． 供給装置 ８． 排出装置 ９． 貯溜タンク １０． 排煙装置 １１． 給気装置 １ｂ エゼクター装置 １２． 燃焼装置 1. Heating path 1b. Mantle wall 1d. Hot air intake 2. Heated cylinder 3. Spiral screw conveyor 3a. Spiral screw Heated cylindrical part 5. Hot air generator 5d. Hot air outlet 6. Exhaust duct 7. Supply device 8. Discharge device 9. Storage tank 10. Smoke exhaust device 11. 11. Air supply device 1b Ejector device Combustion equipment
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｃ１０Ｂ 57/10 Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ３０３Ｈ (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C10B 53/00 B09B 3/00 302 B09B 3/00 303 C10B 47/44 C10B 57/10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 identification code FI C10B 57/10 B09B 3/00 303H (58) Investigated field (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C10B 53/00 B09B 3 / 00 302 B09B 3/00 303 C10B 47/44 C10B 57/10
Claims (5)
複数の加熱可能な円筒体を多段状に重ねて連結した加熱
円筒部を加熱炉内に加熱可能に設けると共に、前記加熱
円筒部に含水有機性廃棄物を供給して熱風発生炉からの
熱風により外熱式に加熱して乾燥及び炭化処理する方法
に於いて、 前記加熱円筒部の最上段部の一端に設けた供給口に供給
装置から含水有機性廃棄物等を供給して、内部に設けた
スパイラルスクリューコンベヤにより攪拌しながら順次
下流の加熱円筒体へ移送しつつ、上流の加熱円筒部内に
於いて該含水有機性廃棄物等を乾燥処理をして、次いで
下流の加熱円筒部内に於いて炭化処理をして、前記加熱
円筒部の最下段部に設けた排出口から排出装置へ移送し
て、冷却してから貯溜タンクへ排出すると共に、前記加
熱円筒部で発生した乾溜ガス等を、加熱炉内に設けた廃
棄ダクト内に導いて凝縮させないように加熱した後に、
前気乾溜ガス等を燃焼空気の供給装置の先端部に設けた
エゼクター装置に導いてベンチュリー作用により吸引し
て、前記加熱した乾溜ガス等を燃焼空気に混合して温め
てから熱風発生炉内で燃焼、分解させることを特徴とす
る含水有機性廃棄物を乾燥、炭化処理する方法。1. A heating cylinder portion in which a plurality of heatable cylinders each having a screw conveyor provided therein are stacked in a multi-stage form and connected to each other, are provided so as to be heatable in a heating furnace, and the heating cylinder portion is provided with a water-containing organic material. In a method of supplying waste and heating and drying and carbonizing by external heating using hot air from a hot air generating furnace, a supply port provided at one end of an uppermost portion of the heating cylindrical portion contains water from a supply device. The organic wastes are supplied, and sequentially transferred to the downstream heating cylinder while being stirred by a spiral screw conveyor provided therein, and the water-containing organic wastes are dried in the upstream heating cylinder. And then carbonized in the downstream heating cylinder, transferred to a discharge device from a discharge port provided at the bottom of the heating cylinder, cooled, and then discharged to a storage tank. , The heating cylinder After the generated dry distillation gas or the like, and heated so as not to condense being led into the waste duct provided in a heating furnace in,
The pre-dried gas or the like is guided to an ejector device provided at the end of the supply device of the combustion air, sucked by a venturi action, and the heated dried gas or the like is mixed with the combustion air and warmed, and then heated in a hot air generating furnace. A method for drying and carbonizing hydrated organic waste, characterized by burning and decomposing.
リューを回転自在に設けてなる複数のスクリューコンベ
ヤを横置きにして多段状に重ねて配置すると共に、前記
円筒体の端部間を連通路により連結して形成した加熱円
筒部を加熱炉内に設けて、前記加熱炉の下部には熱風発
生炉を連設して前記加熱円筒部を加熱可能に形成して、
更に、前記円筒体の先端部に連結する排気ダクトを加熱
炉内に配置して、前記加熱円筒部で発生する乾溜ガス等
が凝縮しないように加熱可能に形成すると共に、前記ダ
クトを熱風発生炉に燃焼空気を供給する給気装置のノズ
ル先端部に設けたエゼクター装置に連結して、ベンチュ
リー作用により前記乾溜ガス等を吸引せしめて、燃焼空
気と混合して前記熱風発生炉内に供給可能に形成して、
含水有機性廃棄物を移送しつつ連続的に乾燥処理及び炭
化処理を可能に構成してなることを特徴とする含水有機
性廃棄物を乾燥及び炭化処理する装置。2. A plurality of screw conveyors, each having a screw rotatably provided inside a cylindrical body that can be heated from the outside, are placed side by side in a multi-stage manner, and the ends of the cylindrical body are connected continuously. A heating cylinder portion formed by being connected by a passage is provided in a heating furnace, and a heating blast generating furnace is connected to a lower portion of the heating furnace, and the heating cylinder portion is formed so as to be heatable,
Further, an exhaust duct connected to the tip of the cylindrical body is arranged in the heating furnace so as to be capable of heating so as not to condense a dry gas or the like generated in the heating cylindrical section, and to connect the duct to a hot air generating furnace. It is connected to an ejector device provided at the tip of the nozzle of the air supply device that supplies combustion air to the air supply device, so that the dry gas and the like are sucked by the venturi function, mixed with the combustion air, and supplied into the hot air generation furnace. Forming
An apparatus for drying and carbonizing hydrated organic waste, wherein the apparatus is configured to continuously perform drying and carbonization while transferring hydrated organic waste.
の内径よりも小さい径をしたスパイラルスクリューが片
持ち式に回転自在に軸支して、スパイラルスクリューが
支持軸に直角方向に撓むのに充分な空間を有するように
形成されてなることを特徴とする請求項２に記載した含
水有機性廃棄物を乾燥及び炭化処理する装置。3. The screw conveyor according to claim 1, wherein a spiral screw having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the heating cylinder is rotatably supported in a cantilever manner, and the spiral screw is sufficiently bent in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft. The apparatus for drying and carbonizing hydrated organic waste according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus is formed so as to have a suitable space.
に支持されてなる前記加熱円筒体の先端部に伸縮可能に
連結されて、加熱円筒部内で発生した乾溜ガス等を凝縮
させないように加熱炉内に設けられてなることを特徴と
する請求項２に記載した含水有機性廃棄物を乾燥及び炭
化処理する装置。4. The exhaust duct is extendably connected to a distal end of the heating cylinder which is stretchably supported in a heating furnace so as not to condense a dry gas or the like generated in the heating cylinder. The apparatus for drying and carbonizing hydrated organic waste according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus is provided in a heating furnace.
テーパー状に絞り、その先端をラッパ状に拡開せしめて
形成されて、前記筒状体に前記排気ダクトの先端部が連
結されると共に、前記筒状体内のテーパー部に燃焼空気
の供給装置のノズル部の先端が挿着されて、ベンチュリ
ー作用により前記乾溜ガス等を吸引するように形成され
てなることを特徴とする請求項２に記載した含水有機性
廃棄物を乾燥及び炭化処理する装置。5. The ejector is formed by narrowing one end of a tubular body into a tapered shape and expanding the tip of the ejector into a trumpet shape, and a tip of the exhaust duct is connected to the tubular body. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a tip of a nozzle portion of the combustion air supply device is inserted into a tapered portion in the cylindrical body so as to suck the dry gas by a venturi action. An apparatus for drying and carbonizing the water-containing organic waste described in 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25077699A JP3359307B2 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 1999-09-03 | Method and apparatus for drying and carbonizing organic waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25077699A JP3359307B2 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 1999-09-03 | Method and apparatus for drying and carbonizing organic waste |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001072979A JP2001072979A (en) | 2001-03-21 |
| JP3359307B2 true JP3359307B2 (en) | 2002-12-24 |
Family
ID=17212884
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25077699A Expired - Fee Related JP3359307B2 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 1999-09-03 | Method and apparatus for drying and carbonizing organic waste |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3359307B2 (en) |
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|---|---|
| JP2001072979A (en) | 2001-03-21 |
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