JP3313914B2 - Heating equipment - Google Patents
Heating equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP3313914B2 JP3313914B2 JP29667694A JP29667694A JP3313914B2 JP 3313914 B2 JP3313914 B2 JP 3313914B2 JP 29667694 A JP29667694 A JP 29667694A JP 29667694 A JP29667694 A JP 29667694A JP 3313914 B2 JP3313914 B2 JP 3313914B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- heating element
- heating
- energization
- heater
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Control Of Temperature (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は電子写真装置、静電記録
装置等の画像形成装置に用いられ記録材上の画像を加熱
して定着や表面性の改質を行う加熱装置に関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating apparatus used in an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic apparatus and an electrostatic recording apparatus, which heats an image on a recording material to fix or improve the surface properties. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】像加熱装置の代表である加熱定着装置と
して特開昭６３−３１３１８２号公報、特開平２−１５
７８７８号公報等で、昇温の速い加熱体と薄膜のフィル
ムを用いたものが提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-313182 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
No. 7878 proposes a device using a heating element and a thin film which heat up quickly.
【０００３】このようなフィルム加熱装置の一例を図４
に示す。FIG. 4 shows an example of such a film heating apparatus.
Shown in
【０００４】薄肉の耐熱性フィルム１（又はシート）
と、このフィルム１の移動駆動手段１１と、このフィル
ム１を中にしてその一方面側に固定支持して配置された
一定温調されるヒータ６と、他方面側にこのヒータ６に
対向して配置され、ヒータ６に対してフィルム１を介し
て画像定着すべき記録材Ｐの顕画像担持面を密着させる
加圧部材２を有し、フィルム１は少なくとも画像定着実
行時はフィルム１と加圧部材２との間に搬送導入される
画像定着すべき記録材Ｐと順方向に略同一速度で走行移
動させて、走行移動フィルム１を挟んでヒータ６と加圧
部材２との圧接で持面をフィルム１を介してヒータ６で
加熱して顕画像（未定着トナー画像）に熱エネルギを付
与して軟化・溶融せしめ、次いで定着部通過後のフィル
ム１と記録材Ｐを分離点で離間させることを基本とする
加熱装置である。[0004] Thin heat-resistant film 1 (or sheet)
A moving drive means 11 for the film 1, a heater 6 which is fixedly supported and arranged on one side of the film 1 with the film 1 as a center, and faces the heater 6 on the other side. And a pressure member 2 for bringing the visible image bearing surface of the recording material P to be image-fixed to the heater 6 through the film 1 in close contact with the heater 6. The recording material P to be image-fixed conveyed and introduced between the pressure member 2 is moved in the forward direction at substantially the same speed, and is held by the heater 6 and the pressure member 2 with the traveling moving film 1 interposed therebetween. The surface is heated by a heater 6 via the film 1 to apply heat energy to the visible image (unfixed toner image) to soften / melt it, and then separate the film 1 and the recording material P after passing through the fixing unit at a separation point. This is a heating device based on the following.
【０００５】尚、１２はフィルム１にテンションを加え
るテンションローラである。[0005] Reference numeral 12 denotes a tension roller for applying tension to the film 1.
【０００６】また、ヒータ６の温度制御はサーミスタ４
によるヒータ６の検知温度が一定となるように発熱体５
への通電を制御する。The temperature of the heater 6 is controlled by a thermistor 4.
So that the temperature detected by the heater 6 by the heater 6 becomes constant.
To control the energization of
【０００７】通電の制御方法には位相制御、波数制御等
を用い、例えば波数制御なら、ＡＣ入力電圧の１４波を
基本単位としてこのうちの何波を発熱体に通電するかで
入力電力を変化させる。ＯＮ／ＯＦＦの比率はデューテ
ィー比で表し、０〜１００％の間で変化させることがで
きる。For controlling the energization, phase control, wave number control, etc. are used. For example, in the case of wave number control, the input power varies depending on how many of the 14 waves of the AC input voltage are applied to the heating element as a basic unit. Let it. The ON / OFF ratio is represented by a duty ratio and can be changed between 0% and 100%.
【０００８】このようなフィルム加熱方式は非常に熱容
量が小さく昇温の速い加熱体を用いることができ、ヒー
タが所定の加熱温度に達する迄の時間を大きく短縮でき
る。加えて、常温からでも容易に高温に立ち上げること
ができるため、非プリント時に装置が待機状態にあると
きのスタンバイ温調をする必要がなく省電力化にも貢献
する。In such a film heating method, a heating element having a very small heat capacity and a high temperature can be used, and the time required for the heater to reach a predetermined heating temperature can be greatly reduced. In addition, since the temperature can be easily raised to a high temperature even from a normal temperature, it is not necessary to perform standby temperature control when the apparatus is in a standby state during non-printing, which contributes to power saving.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとしている課題】フィルム加熱方式
の加熱装置は薄膜のフィルムを低熱容量の加熱体で加熱
するため、熱ローラ方式等と比べ非常に低電力での使用
が可能である。しかしながら発熱体への入力電圧の変
動、発熱体の抵抗値のバラつきがあると発熱体の消費電
力が変動し、電圧が高い場合には必要以上に高い電力を
消費してしまい装置の使用環境の制約となる可能性があ
った。特に近年において電子写真を用いたプリンター、
ファックス等はオフィスだけでなく一般家庭への普及も
増大する傾向にあり、その電源事情を考慮すると消費電
力は低いにこしたことはない。従来の場合、加熱体があ
る一定温度、例えば定着温度に温調されている時は、Ｐ
ＩＤ制御等により前述の通電デューティー比を変化さ
せ、消費電力は温調に最適な値にコントロールされてい
る。しかし、装置のプリント１枚目に常温から定着温度
まで加熱体温度を立ち上げる際は、立ち上げ開始時の通
電デューティー比を一意的に低く設定すると、電圧不足
の場合に制約によってデューティ比を増やしていくのに
時間がかかり、記録材の突入前に加熱装置が立ち上がら
ないおそれがあるため、フルパワー・１００％通電を行
うのが普通である。したがって立ち上げ開始時は入力電
圧の変動の影響を強く受けざるを得ない。立ち上げ開始
時の通電デューティー比を最適な値にコントロールする
ためには、入力電圧を検知すればよいが、これは装置の
コストアップにつながる上に発熱体の抵抗値のバラつき
の問題までは解決できないため好ましい方法ではない。The film heating type heating apparatus heats a thin film with a heating element having a low heat capacity, so that it can be used with much lower electric power than a heat roller type or the like. However, if the input voltage to the heating element fluctuates or the resistance value of the heating element fluctuates, the power consumption of the heating element fluctuates, and if the voltage is high, unnecessarily high power is consumed. Could be a constraint. Especially in recent years, printers using electrophotography,
Faxes and the like tend to be popular not only in offices but also in general homes, and their power consumption has never been lower in view of the power supply situation. In the conventional case, when the heating element is adjusted to a certain temperature, for example, the fixing temperature, P
The above-described energization duty ratio is changed by ID control or the like, and the power consumption is controlled to an optimal value for temperature control. However, when the heating element temperature is raised from room temperature to the fixing temperature on the first print of the apparatus, if the energization duty ratio at the start of startup is uniquely set to a low value, the duty ratio is increased due to restrictions in the case of insufficient voltage. Since it takes time to move the recording material and the heating device may not start up before the recording material enters, it is usual to carry out full power and 100% power supply. Therefore, at the start of the startup, the influence of the fluctuation of the input voltage must be strongly affected. To control the power-on duty ratio at the start of startup to the optimum value, it is necessary to detect the input voltage, but this will increase the cost of the equipment and solve the problem of the variation in the resistance value of the heating element. This is not a preferred method because it cannot be performed.
【００１０】また、加熱体を立ち上げるのに必要な電力
と、制御温度に維持する電力は異なるため、加熱体の制
御温度到達後はその直後から立ち上げ時と通電デューテ
ィー比を切り替えなくてはならないが、これをＰＩＤ制
御のみに頼ると、デューティー比を段階的に切り替える
ため、加熱体の温調が安定するまで時間がかかるととも
に、アンダーシュート或いはオーバーシュートが大きく
なる可能性がある。Further, since the electric power required for starting the heating element and the electric power for maintaining the control temperature are different, it is necessary to switch the energizing duty ratio between the time of starting and the energization duty ratio immediately after the heating element reaches the control temperature. However, if this is only performed by the PID control, since the duty ratio is switched stepwise, it takes time until the temperature control of the heating element is stabilized, and the undershoot or overshoot may increase.
【００１１】そこで、制御温度到達直後の通電デューテ
ィー比をあらかじめ適当な値に決めておき、加熱体が立
ち上がると同時にこれに切り替える方法がとられるが、
これも一意的にデューティー比を決めておくと、入力電
圧変動の影響を受け、その上、装置の熱的状態によって
も最適なデューティー比が変わるため、加熱体立ち上げ
直後の温度制御は非常に困難であった。Therefore, a method is adopted in which the energization duty ratio immediately after the control temperature is reached is set to an appropriate value, and the heating duty is switched at the same time as the heating element starts up.
If the duty ratio is uniquely determined, the optimum duty ratio will be affected by the input voltage fluctuation and also the thermal condition of the device. It was difficult.
【００１２】また、フィルム加熱方式はスタンバイ温調
が必要ないことが利点であるが、このため、装置が室温
と同じ状態でプリントを開始する場合（ｃｏｌｄ ｓｔ
ａｒｔ）と、ある程度プリントが行われ、加圧ローラが
温まった状態で再度プリントした場合（通紙後再プリン
ト）とで定着能力の差が激しい。したがってｃｏｌｄｓ
ｔａｒｔと通紙後再プリントとで加熱体の温調温度を変
え、ｃｏｌｄ ｓｔａｒｔの温調温度を通紙後再プリン
トよりも高く設定してやることでなるべく定着性を等し
くし、定着不良や、定着過多によるオフセットを防止す
るのが一般的である。以上のような温調切り替えには、
従来よりプリント直前の加熱体の温度を検知し、これに
応じて温調温度を設定する方法が知られている。The film heating method has an advantage that standby temperature control is not required. For this reason, when the apparatus starts printing at the same temperature as the room temperature (cold st).
art), and when printing is performed to some extent and printing is performed again while the pressure roller is warm (reprinting after paper passing), there is a large difference in fixing ability. Therefore colds
By changing the temperature of the heating element between the start and the reprinting after passing the paper, and setting the temperature of the cold start higher than the reprinting after the paper is passed, the fixing properties are equalized as much as possible. In general, the offset due to is prevented. To switch the temperature control as described above,
Conventionally, there has been known a method of detecting a temperature of a heating body immediately before printing and setting a temperature control temperature in accordance with the detected temperature.
【００１３】しかし、この方法ではプリントを行うまで
の装置のプリント履歴を知ることができず、例えば、ｃ
ｏｌｄ ｓｔａｒｔから１枚プリントした後で、連続１
２枚プリント後でも、プリント直前の加熱体の温度が同
じならば、プリント１枚目は全く同じ温度で温調してし
まうことになり、常に加熱体を適正な温度に温調してお
くには、不十分であった。However, according to this method, the print history of the apparatus until printing is performed cannot be known.
After printing one sheet from the old start,
Even after printing two sheets, if the temperature of the heating element immediately before printing is the same, the temperature of the first sheet of printing will be adjusted to exactly the same temperature, so always keep the temperature of the heating element at the appropriate temperature. Was inadequate.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段及び作用】上記目的を達成
するため、本出願に係る第１の発明は、加熱体と加熱体
の温度を検知する温度検知部材を有し、温度検知部材の
検知温度に応じて加熱体の通電をコントロールする加熱
装置において、 被加熱材の給紙を行う前に上記加熱体に
通電を行わせるとともに、給紙前の上記加熱体への通電
により前記温度検知部材による検知温度の温度上昇率を
測定する制御手段と、 測定された温度上昇率に応じて、
前記加熱体を所定温度まで立ち上げるまでの加熱体への
通電量を設定する立ち上げ通電量設定手段とを有し、 前
記温度検知部材による検知温度が所定温度に立ち上がる
まで前記立ち上げ通電量設定手段によって設定された通
電量で上記加熱体への通電を行わせることを特徴とす
る。上記構成において温度上昇率を検知することで装置
への入力電圧、装置の熱的状態を推測することができ
る。これにより適切な通電量で加熱体を立ち上げ、消費
電力を必要十分に制御することが可能になる。In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention relates to a heating element and a heating element.
A temperature detecting member for detecting the temperature of the
Heating that controls energization of the heating element according to the detected temperature
In the device, before feeding the material to be heated,
Energize, and energize the heating element before feeding
The temperature rise rate of the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member
Control means for measuring, and according to the measured rate of temperature rise,
Heating the heating element up to a predetermined temperature
And a start-up power setting means for setting the amount of energization, before
The temperature detected by the temperature detecting member rises to a predetermined temperature
Up to the current set by the
It characterized Rukoto to perform the energization to said heater in coulometric. In the above configuration, the input voltage to the device and the thermal state of the device can be estimated by detecting the temperature rise rate. This makes it possible to start up the heating element with an appropriate energization amount and control the power consumption as necessary and sufficiently.
【００１５】また、第２の発明は、加熱体と加熱体の温
度を検知する温度検知部材とを有し、温度検知部材の検
知温度に応じて加熱体の通電をコントロールする加熱装
置において、 被加熱材の給紙を行う前に上記加熱体に通
電を行わせるとともに、給紙前の上記加熱体への通電に
より前記温度検知部材による検知温度の温度上昇率を測
定する制御手段と、前記温度検知部材の検知温度が所定
温度に達したことに応答して上記加熱体への通電量を切
り替える通電量切り替え手段と、 測定された温度上昇率
に応じて、前記通電量切り替え手段による通電量の切り
替え直後の上記加熱体への通電量を設定する切り替え直
後通電量設定手段を有し、 前記通電量切り替え手段は、
前記温度検知部材の検知温度が所定温度に達したことに
応答して、上記加熱体への通電量を、前記切り替え直後
通電量設定手段により設定された通電量に切り替えるこ
とを特徴とすることを特徴とする。上記構成によって加
熱体のオーバーシュート或いはアンダーシュートを低減
し、安定した温調ができる。Further, a second invention is a heating element and a heating element.
A temperature detecting member for detecting the temperature, and detecting the temperature detecting member.
A heating device that controls the energization of the heating element according to the known temperature
Before feeding the material to be heated ,
To supply electricity to the heating element before feeding paper.
The temperature rise rate of the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member is measured from
Control means for determining the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member.
Turns off the power to the heating element in response to the temperature
Means for switching the amount of electricity to be switched and the measured temperature rise rate
The amount of energization by the energization amount switching means in accordance with
Immediately after switching, set the amount of electricity to the heating element immediately after switching.
It has post energization amount setting means, and the energization amount switching means,
That the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member has reached a predetermined temperature.
In response, change the amount of electricity to the heating element immediately after the switching.
Switching to the amount of current set by the amount of current setting means
Characterized by said and. With the above configuration, overshoot or undershoot of the heating element is reduced, and stable temperature control can be performed.
【００１６】さらに第３の発明は給紙前に加熱体に通電
し、温度上昇率を検出するとともに、この通電前の加熱
体温度を参照し、これに応じてプリント１枚目の温調温
度を決定することを特徴とし、これによって加熱体の温
調温度を最適にすることができる。According to a third aspect of the present invention, the heating element is energized before the paper is fed, the rate of temperature rise is detected, and the temperature of the heating element before the energization is referred to. Is determined, whereby the regulated temperature of the heating element can be optimized.
【００１７】[0017]
（第１の実施例）本実施例で用いた電子写真方式のプリ
ンターならびにこれの定着装置について述べる。(First Embodiment) An electrophotographic printer used in this embodiment and a fixing device therefor will be described.
【００１８】プリンターはプロセススピード２５ｍｍ／
ｓｅｃであり、図５に示すように直径３０ｍｍのＯＰＣ
感光体１３を一次帯電ローラ１４で−６５０Ｖに均一帯
電を行い、画像信号で変調されたレーザダイオード１５
からのレーザビームで画像露光を行い、静電潜像を形成
する。The printer has a process speed of 25 mm /
sec, and an OPC having a diameter of 30 mm as shown in FIG.
The photosensitive member 13 is uniformly charged to -650 V by the primary charging roller 14, and a laser diode 15 modulated by an image signal.
Image exposure with a laser beam from the laser beam to form an electrostatic latent image.
【００１９】静電潜像は磁性一成分トナーでジャンピン
グ現像され、トナー像として可視化される。The electrostatic latent image is developed by jumping with a magnetic one-component toner and visualized as a toner image.
【００２０】トナー像はバイアスを印加された転写ロー
ラ１８によって記録材上に転写され、転写されなかった
転写残トナーは感光体に当接したウレタンゴム製のクリ
ーニングブレード１９によって除去され、次の画像形成
に備えられる。The toner image is transferred onto a recording material by a transfer roller 18 to which a bias has been applied, and the untransferred untransferred toner is removed by a urethane rubber cleaning blade 19 in contact with the photosensitive member, and the next image is removed. Be prepared for formation.
【００２１】トナー像を転写された記録材は定着器に搬
送され、熱によって定着を受け機外に排出される。この
加熱定着装置の基本構成は図４と同様であり、詳しい説
明は省略する。The recording material onto which the toner image has been transferred is conveyed to a fixing device, where it is fixed by heat and discharged out of the device. The basic configuration of this heat fixing device is the same as that of FIG. 4, and a detailed description is omitted.
【００２２】ヒータ６はフィルムの移動方向と略直交す
る方向にそって設けられ、厚さ１ｍｍの良熱伝導性のセ
ラミックとこのセラミックの下面に設けられた抵抗値３
４Ωの抵抗発熱体５からなる。セラミックの上面には温
度検知素子であるサーミスタ４が設けられている。サー
ミスタ４の出力信号はＡ／Ｄコンバータを介してＣＰＵ
８に入力される。ＣＰＵ８はこの入力信号に基づき、Ａ
Ｃドライバ９を介して発熱体５への通電電力を制御し、
ヒータの表面温度を所定の温度になるよう温調する。ヒ
ータ６への通電電力の制御には、ＡＣ入力電圧の１４波
を基本単位として、このうちの何波を発熱体に通電する
かで入力電力を変化させる、いわゆる波数制御を用いて
いる。したがってＯＮ／ＯＦＦの比率はデューティー比
で表し、０〜１００％を約７．１４％刻みに１５段階で
変化させることができる。もちろん、波数単位は１４波
に限らず例えば２０波にして５％刻みで電力を切り替え
られるようにしてもよい。The heater 6 is provided along a direction substantially perpendicular to the moving direction of the film. The heater 6 has a thickness of 1 mm and has good thermal conductivity and a resistance value 3 provided on the lower surface of the ceramic.
It consists of a resistance heating element 5 of 4Ω. A thermistor 4 as a temperature detecting element is provided on the upper surface of the ceramic. The output signal of the thermistor 4 is sent to the CPU via an A / D converter.
8 is input. The CPU 8 determines A based on the input signal.
Controlling the power supplied to the heating element 5 via the C driver 9;
The surface temperature of the heater is adjusted to a predetermined temperature. For controlling the power supplied to the heater 6, so-called wave number control is used, in which 14 waves of the AC input voltage are used as a basic unit and the input power is changed depending on how many of these waves are supplied to the heating element. Therefore, the ON / OFF ratio is represented by a duty ratio, and can be changed from 0 to 100% in steps of about 7.14% in 15 steps. Of course, the wave number unit is not limited to 14 waves, and may be set to, for example, 20 waves so that the power can be switched at 5% intervals.
【００２３】ヒーターは、記録材の定着装置への突入前
に定着温度まで立ち上がっていなければならないためヒ
ーターを常温から定着温度まで立ち上げる間にヒーター
に供給する電力は、ヒータを定着温度に維持するのに必
要な電力よりも大きくなる。したがってヒーターの最大
消費電力はヒーター立ち上げ時で決定される。ここで入
力電圧の変動を考慮すると、従来の装置では最大入力電
圧時の消費電力が非常に大きなものとなり、不必要に過
大な電流を流していたことになる。また、立ち上げ時に
ヒーターに供給される電力が大きいとヒーターが速く立
ち上がりすぎるためにオーバーシュートも大きくなる。
そこで本実施例では、プリント信号がプリンターに入力
された場合、給紙の開始前にヒーターに対して所定時間
の通電を行い、この時の温度上昇率を検知して、これか
らヒーターを立ち上げるのに必要十分な通電割合を設定
する。このように実際のプリント動作の開始前にヒータ
ーに所定時間の通電を行うことで装置の熱的状態、入力
電圧をある程度判断することができ、たとえば、ヒータ
ーの温度が常温であるならば、入力電圧が高いほど温度
上昇率も高くなる。ここで本実施例の目的は入力電圧に
よらずにヒーター立ち上げ時の消費電力を一定にするこ
とであるから、もし仮に１３０Ｖの電圧が入力されてい
たならフルパワーで４９７Ｗの消費電力となるものを、
２００Ｗ程度に抑えるため通電デューティー比を４０％
程度に設定すればよい。ここで２００Ｗというのは低温
環境下で記録材の定着装置突入前に、ヒーターを定着温
度に立ち上げるのに必要な電力であるが、むろんこの値
は装置の構成しだいでいくらでも変えられるものであ
る。あるいは装置が温まっていて２００Ｗ以下で立ち上
げられる場合もこの値にこだわる必要はない。Since the heater must be raised to the fixing temperature before the recording material enters the fixing device, the power supplied to the heater while the heater is raised from room temperature to the fixing temperature is maintained at the fixing temperature. Than the power required for Therefore, the maximum power consumption of the heater is determined when the heater is started. Considering the change in the input voltage, the conventional device consumes a very large amount of power at the maximum input voltage, so that an excessively large current flows. Also, if the power supplied to the heater at the time of startup is large, the overshoot becomes large because the heater starts up too quickly.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, when a print signal is input to the printer, the heater is energized for a predetermined time before the start of paper feeding, the rate of temperature rise at this time is detected, and the heater is started from now on. Set the necessary and sufficient energization ratio to In this way, by supplying power to the heater for a predetermined time before the actual printing operation starts, the thermal state of the apparatus and the input voltage can be determined to some extent. For example, if the heater temperature is room temperature, the input The higher the voltage, the higher the temperature rise rate. Here, since the purpose of this embodiment is to make the power consumption at the time of starting the heater constant regardless of the input voltage, if a voltage of 130 V is input, the power consumption becomes 497 W at full power. Things,
40% energization duty ratio to suppress to about 200W
It should just be set to about. Here, 200 W is the power required to raise the heater to the fixing temperature before the recording material enters the fixing device in a low-temperature environment, but of course, this value can be changed arbitrarily depending on the configuration of the device. . Alternatively, it is not necessary to stick to this value even when the apparatus is warmed up and started up at 200 W or less.
【００２４】通電割合の設定方法として、具体的には、
ホストコンピューターからプリント信号を受けた後、給
紙前（本実施例ではヒーターと加圧ローラ間のニップに
記録材が進入する前）にヒータ６に対して０．５秒間の
通電を行い、この間の温度上昇率を検知する。この温度
上昇率と、通電前のヒーター温度から、図１の制御テー
ブルに従って、ヒーター立ち上げ時の通電割合を決定す
る。通電前のヒーター温度を参照する理由は、その時の
ヒーター温度と定着目標温度の差から、その温度差を一
定時間内に立ち上げるのに必要十分な電力が判断できる
からであるが、装置が冷えた状態か、数枚プリント後で
温まっているかも知ることができる。なお、給紙前の通
電時間を本実施例では０．５秒としたがこれも装置の構
成や温度上昇の検知能力しだいで何秒に設定してもかま
わない。また、プリンターが前回のプリントを終えた直
後でヒーターの温度がまだかなり高い場合には、給紙前
の通電を行わず、ヒーター立ち上げ時の通電割合を一意
的に低く決めておいても良い。As a method of setting the energization ratio, specifically,
After receiving a print signal from the host computer, the heater 6 is energized for 0.5 seconds before paper feeding (in this embodiment, before the recording material enters the nip between the heater and the pressure roller). The temperature rise rate is detected. Based on the temperature rise rate and the heater temperature before energization, the energization ratio when the heater is started is determined according to the control table in FIG. The reason for referring to the heater temperature before energization is that the difference between the heater temperature at that time and the fixing target temperature can be used to determine the necessary and sufficient power to start the temperature difference within a certain period of time. You can also know if it is warmed up after printing several sheets. In this embodiment, the energizing time before sheet feeding is set to 0.5 seconds, but may be set to any number of seconds depending on the configuration of the apparatus and the ability to detect a rise in temperature. If the temperature of the heater is still quite high immediately after the printer finishes the previous print, the power supply before feeding the paper is not performed, and the power supply ratio when starting the heater may be uniquely determined to be low. .
【００２５】さらに、給紙前の通電は１００％のデュー
ティー比で行わず、例えば５０％でも温度上昇率を検知
することは可能であり、当然１〜１００％のいずれであ
ってもかまわない。特にフルパワーの消費電力が大きい
場合はデューティー比を小さくすることは有効である。Further, the power supply before the paper feeding is not performed at a duty ratio of 100%. For example, the temperature rise rate can be detected even at 50%. Naturally, it may be any one of 1 to 100%. In particular, when the power consumption of full power is large, it is effective to reduce the duty ratio.
【００２６】以上、本実施例の構成をとることで装置の
消費電力を必要十分な量にコントロールすることが可能
になった。As described above, by adopting the configuration of this embodiment, the power consumption of the apparatus can be controlled to a necessary and sufficient amount.
【００２７】（第２の実施例）本実施例では、実施例１
と同様に給紙前に一定時間の通電を行い、この時のヒー
ターの温度上昇率からヒーターが定着温度に立ち上がっ
た直後のヒーターへの通電割合を決めている。ヒーター
を急速に立ち上げるために、ヒーターの定着温度への到
達前と後とで通電デューティー比の切り替えを行うこと
は前述の通りであるが、切り替え直後のデューティー比
が適正な値でないとオーバーシュート或いはアンダーシ
ュートが大きくなる。切り替え直後のデューティー比は
装置への入力電圧や熱的状態によってその適正値が左右
されるものであるため、本実施例では立ち上げ前にヒー
タに通電を行うことで装置への入力電圧や装置の温まり
具合を判断し、切り替え直後のデューティー比の決定を
する。(Second Embodiment) In this embodiment, the first embodiment will be described.
In the same manner as described above, power is supplied for a certain period of time before paper feeding, and the rate of power supply to the heater immediately after the heater has risen to the fixing temperature is determined from the temperature rise rate of the heater at this time. As described above, the duty ratio is switched between before and after the heater reaches the fixing temperature in order to quickly start the heater. However, if the duty ratio immediately after switching is not an appropriate value, overshoot occurs. Or the undershoot increases. Since the proper value of the duty ratio immediately after switching depends on the input voltage to the device and the thermal state, in this embodiment, the heater is energized before the start-up so that the input voltage to the device and the device can be changed. Is determined, and the duty ratio immediately after switching is determined.
【００２８】具体的には、プリント信号の入力があり、
プリンターが給紙を開始する前に、ローラー、フィルム
の非回転駆動状態の加熱装置に対して０．５秒間、フル
パワーで通電を行い、この時のヒーターの温度上昇率を
検知する。また、通電前のヒーターの温度も参照し、こ
れら２つのパラメーターから図２の制御テーブルに応じ
て、ヒーター立ち上げ直後の通電割合を決定する。なお
本実施例では実施例１と同様に通電制御に１４波数制御
を用いているが、位相制御等、他の通電制御を用いても
かまわないし、これは実施例１も同じである。Specifically, there is a print signal input,
Before the printer starts feeding paper, the roller and the heating device in the non-rotation drive state of the film are energized with full power for 0.5 seconds, and the temperature rise rate of the heater at this time is detected. Also, by referring to the temperature of the heater before energization, the energization ratio immediately after the heater is started is determined from these two parameters according to the control table of FIG. In the present embodiment, the 14-wave number control is used for the energization control as in the first embodiment, but other energization control such as phase control may be used, and this is the same as in the first embodiment.
【００２９】プリンターの給紙が開始され、ヒーターが
定着温度に立ち上がった時点で図２の制御テーブルにし
たがってヒーターへの通電が行われるわけだが、本実施
例ではこの通電量が適切であるため、オーバーシュート
或いはアンダーシュートが無いか、きわめて小さくてす
む。この後、ヒーターへの通電量はＰＩＤ制御等によ
り、自動的に随時切り替わり、ヒーターを定着温度に温
調する。When the paper feeding of the printer is started and the heater rises to the fixing temperature, the heater is energized in accordance with the control table shown in FIG. 2. In this embodiment, since the energization amount is appropriate, No overshoot or undershoot, or very small. Thereafter, the amount of electricity supplied to the heater is automatically switched at any time by PID control or the like, and the temperature of the heater is adjusted to the fixing temperature.
【００３０】ところで、通電デューティー比決定のため
の０．５秒の通電は、加熱装置の非回転駆動時に行う方
が温度上昇率をより正確に検知できるが、別に記録材が
ニップに進入する前であれば回転駆動時に行っても差し
支えはない。なお、本実施例と実施例１は、組み合わせ
て使うこともできる。すなわち給紙前の０．５秒の通電
により図１の制御テーブルでヒーターを立ち上げ、図２
の制御テーブルで立ち上がり直後の通電を行うことがで
きる。また、ヒーターの立ち上げ時から、定着温度温調
への切り替えをわずかに定着温度よりも低いところで行
ってもよい。これは、若干のオーバーシュートを見込ん
でいる場合である。By the way, the energization for 0.5 second for determining the energization duty ratio can be more accurately detected when the heating device is not driven to rotate, but before the recording material enters the nip separately. If so, there is no problem in performing the rotation driving. The present embodiment and the first embodiment can be used in combination. That is, the heater is activated by the control table of FIG.
Can be conducted immediately after the start-up of the control table. Further, the switching to the fixing temperature control may be performed at a temperature slightly lower than the fixing temperature from the start of the heater. This is when a slight overshoot is expected.
【００３１】以上のようにプリント信号の入力後、給紙
開始前にヒーターに一定時間通電を行い、その時の温度
上昇率に応じてヒーター立ち上げ直後の通電デューティ
ー比を決定することでオーバーシュート或いはアンダー
シュートを小さくすることができる。As described above, after the input of the print signal, the heater is energized for a certain period of time before the start of sheet feeding, and the energization duty ratio immediately after the heater is started is determined according to the temperature rise rate at that time, whereby overshooting or Undershoot can be reduced.
【００３２】ところで実施例１、２ともに制御テーブル
はヒーター通電前のヒーター温度とのマトリックスで構
成されているが、別にヒーターの温度上昇率だけで制御
をしても効果があることはいうまでもない。In the first and second embodiments, the control table is constituted by a matrix of the heater temperature before the heater is energized. However, it is needless to say that the control is effected only by the heater temperature increase rate separately. Absent.
【００３３】（第３の実施例）本実施例では、実施例
１、２と同様に、給紙前にヒーターに０．５秒通電を行
い、その時の温度上昇率と通電前のヒーターの温度とか
ら加熱装置の温まり具合を判断し、プリント１枚目の定
着温度を決定する。この制御テーブルを図３に示す。１
枚目の定着温度は１６０℃、１７０℃、１８０℃、１９
０℃の４種類を選択できる。従来の装置では、プリント
１枚目の定着温度の決定はプリント前のヒーターの温度
のみに頼っていたため、ｃｏｌｄ ｓｔａｒｔか通紙後
再プリントかの違いはわかっても通紙後再プリントの場
合の、加熱装置の温まり具合まで把握することは困難で
あった。本実施例では、プリント前のヒーター温度に加
え、温度上昇率も検知するため、従来よりも正確に加熱
装置の状態を知ることができ、より適切な温調温度を設
定することができる。これにより、オフセット、定着不
良のない良好な画像を得ることが可能になる。(Third Embodiment) In this embodiment, as in the first and second embodiments, the heater is energized for 0.5 seconds before feeding, and the temperature rise rate at that time and the temperature of the heater before the energization are performed. Then, the degree of warming of the heating device is determined, and the fixing temperature of the first print is determined. This control table is shown in FIG. 1
The fixing temperature of the sheet is 160 ° C., 170 ° C., 180 ° C., 19
Four types of 0 ° C can be selected. In the conventional apparatus, since the fixing temperature of the first sheet of the print is determined only by the temperature of the heater before the printing, the difference between the cold start and the reprint after the paper passing is known, but the reprint after the paper passing is performed. However, it was difficult to grasp the degree of warming of the heating device. In this embodiment, since the temperature rise rate is also detected in addition to the heater temperature before printing, the state of the heating device can be known more accurately than in the past, and a more appropriate temperature control temperature can be set. This makes it possible to obtain a good image free from offset and fixing failure.
【００３４】尚、上述した各実施例では温度変化率を所
定時間の通電により測定したが、所定温度分、温度が上
昇するのに要する時間を検知することで温度変化率を測
定してもよい。In the above-described embodiments, the temperature change rate is measured by energizing for a predetermined time. However, the temperature change rate may be measured by detecting the time required for the temperature to rise by a predetermined temperature. .
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本出願に係る第１
の発明によれば、記録材の給紙を行う前にあらかじめ加
熱装置の発熱体に通電し、その温度上昇率に応じて、プ
リント時に加熱体を定着温度まで立ち上げる間の加熱体
への通電デューティー比を設定することで、加熱装置の
消費電力を必要十分な量にコントロールすることができ
る。As described above, the first embodiment according to the present application is described.
According to the invention, before the recording material is fed, the heating element of the heating device is energized in advance, and the heating element is energized during the printing operation to raise the heating element to the fixing temperature in accordance with the temperature rise rate. By setting the duty ratio, the power consumption of the heating device can be controlled to a necessary and sufficient amount.
【００３６】また、本出願に係る第２の発明によれば、
給紙前の発熱体への通電による温度上昇率に応じてプリ
ント１枚目に加熱体が定着温度に到達した直後の加熱体
への通電デューティー比を決定することで加熱体のオー
バーシュート或いはアンダーシュートを低減し、定着温
度到達直後から加熱体を安定して温調することができ
る。According to the second aspect of the present invention,
Overshooting or under-heating of the heating element by determining the energization duty ratio to the heating element immediately after the heating element reaches the fixing temperature on the first print sheet according to the temperature rise rate due to energization of the heating element before paper feeding The number of shoots can be reduced, and the temperature of the heating body can be stably controlled immediately after the fixing temperature is reached.
【００３７】さらに、本出願に係る第３の発明によれ
ば、給紙前の加熱体温度と通電による温度上昇率に応じ
て、プリント１枚目の温調温度を設定することで、装置
の状態に合った適切な温度で定着動作を行うことがで
き、オフセット、定着不良のない良好な画像を得ること
ができる。Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the temperature adjustment temperature of the first print is set in accordance with the temperature of the heating element before paper feeding and the temperature rise rate due to energization. The fixing operation can be performed at an appropriate temperature according to the state, and a good image without offset and fixing failure can be obtained.
【図１】実施例１の制御テーブルを示す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a control table according to a first embodiment.
【図２】実施例２の制御テーブルを示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a control table according to a second embodiment.
【図３】実施例３の制御テーブルを示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a control table according to a third embodiment.
【図４】従来の加熱装置を示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional heating device.
【図５】実施例１で用いた電子写真方式のプリンターの
構成を表わす図。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an electrophotographic printer used in the first embodiment.
１ フィルム ２ 加圧ローラ ３ フィルムステー ４ サーミスタ ５ 発熱体 ６ セラミック基板 ７ サーミスタ電圧のＡ／Ｄコンバーター ８ ＣＰＵ ９ 発熱体の電力制御用のＡＣドライバー １１ 駆動ローラ １２ テンションローラ １３ 感光ドラム １４ 帯電ローラ １５ レーザー露光装置 １６ 現像器 １７ 給紙ローラ １８ 転写ローラ １９ クリーニングブレード Reference Signs List 1 film 2 pressure roller 3 film stay 4 thermistor 5 heating element 6 ceramic substrate 7 A / D converter of thermistor voltage 8 CPU 9 AC driver for power control of heating element 11 driving roller 12 tension roller 13 photosensitive drum 14 charging roller 15 Laser exposure device 16 Developing device 17 Paper feed roller 18 Transfer roller 19 Cleaning blade
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G05D 23/00 - 23/32 G03G 15/20 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) G05D 23/00-23/32 G03G 15/20
Claims (4)
知部材を有し、温度検知部材の検知温度に応じて加熱体
の通電をコントロールする加熱装置において、 被加熱材の給紙を行う前に上記加熱体に通電を行わせる
とともに、給紙前の上記加熱体への通電により前記温度
検知部材による検知温度の温度上昇率を測定する制御手
段と、 測定された 温度上昇率に応じて、前記加熱体を所定温度
まで立ち上げるまでの加熱体への通電量を設定する立ち
上げ通電量設定手段とを有し、 前記温度検知部材による検知温度が所定温度に立ち上が
るまで前記立ち上げ通電量設定手段によって設定された
通電量で上記加熱体への通電を行わせ ることを特徴とす
る加熱装置。1. A heating device which has a heating element and a temperature detecting member for detecting the temperature of the heating element, and controls the energization of the heating element in accordance with the detected temperature of the temperature detecting member. to I rows energizing the heating body before
At the same time, the above-mentioned temperature
Control means for measuring the rate of temperature rise of the temperature detected by the detection member
Heating the heating element at a predetermined temperature according to the step and the measured rate of temperature rise.
To set the amount of power to the heating element before starting up
Means for setting the amount of energization to increase, and the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member rises to a predetermined temperature.
Until it is set by the startup energization amount setting means.
Heating apparatus according to claim Rukoto to perform the energization to the heater in the energization amount.
知部材とを有し、温度検知部材の検知温度に応じて加熱
体の通電をコントロールする加熱装置において、 被加熱材の給紙を行う前に上記加熱体に通電を行わせる
とともに、給紙前の上記加熱体への通電により前記温度
検知部材による検知温度の温度上昇率を測定する制御手
段と、 前記温度検知部材の検知温度が所定温度に達したことに
応答して上記加熱体への通電量を切り替える通電量切り
替え手段と、 測定された温度上昇率に応じて、前記通電量切り替え手
段による通電量の切り替え直後の上記加熱体への通電量
を設定する切り替え直後通電量設定手段を有し、 前記通電量切り替え手段は、前記温度検知部材の検知温
度が所定温度に達したことに応答して、上記加熱体への
通電量を、前記切り替え直後通電量設定手段により設定
された通電量に切り替える ことを特徴とする加熱装置。2. A temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of a heating element and a heating element.
Heating according to the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member
In the heating device that controls the energization of the body, the heating body is energized before feeding the material to be heated.
At the same time, the above-mentioned temperature
Control means for measuring the rate of temperature rise of the temperature detected by the detection member
And when the temperature detected by the temperature detecting member reaches a predetermined temperature.
Switch the amount of electricity to the heating element in response
Switching means, and the power supply amount switching means according to the measured temperature rise rate.
Immediately after switching the energization amount by step
Immediately after the switching, the power supply amount switching means includes a detection temperature of the temperature detection member.
In response to the temperature reaching the predetermined temperature,
The energization amount is set by the energization amount setting means immediately after the switching.
A heating device characterized by switching to a given amount of current .
知部材を有し、温度検知部材の検知温度に応じて加熱体
の通電をコントロールする加熱装置において、 被加熱材の給紙を行う前に上記加熱体に通電を行い、加
熱体の温度変化率に応じて、通紙１枚目の制御温度を決
定する手段を有することを特徴とする加熱装置。3. A heating device which has a heating element and a temperature detecting member for detecting the temperature of the heating element, and controls the energization of the heating element in accordance with the detected temperature of the temperature detecting member. Before turning on the heating element, the control temperature of the first sheet is determined according to the temperature change rate of the heating element.
Heating apparatus characterized by comprising means for constant.
フィルムと、加熱体とを有し、前記加熱体によって前記
フィルムを介して顕画像を担持した記録材を加熱する加
熱装置において、 前記フィルムが移動を行う前に加熱体を加熱することを
特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の加熱装置。4. A heating device, comprising: a film moving together with a recording material supporting a developed image; and a heating element, wherein the heating element heats the recording material carrying the developed image via the film. The heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heating unit heats the heating body before performing the movement.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29667694A JP3313914B2 (en) | 1994-11-30 | 1994-11-30 | Heating equipment |
| US08/539,739 US5801360A (en) | 1994-10-05 | 1995-10-05 | Image fixing apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29667694A JP3313914B2 (en) | 1994-11-30 | 1994-11-30 | Heating equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08152923A JPH08152923A (en) | 1996-06-11 |
| JP3313914B2 true JP3313914B2 (en) | 2002-08-12 |
Family
ID=17836638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29667694A Expired - Fee Related JP3313914B2 (en) | 1994-10-05 | 1994-11-30 | Heating equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3313914B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009042277A (en) * | 2007-08-06 | 2009-02-26 | Kyocera Mita Corp | Fixing device and image forming apparatus |
| JP6004929B2 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2016-10-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image heating control device |
-
1994
- 1994-11-30 JP JP29667694A patent/JP3313914B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08152923A (en) | 1996-06-11 |
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