JP3300081B2 - Method for treating fly ash from incinerators and melting furnaces - Google Patents
Method for treating fly ash from incinerators and melting furnacesInfo
- Publication number
- JP3300081B2 JP3300081B2 JP34979892A JP34979892A JP3300081B2 JP 3300081 B2 JP3300081 B2 JP 3300081B2 JP 34979892 A JP34979892 A JP 34979892A JP 34979892 A JP34979892 A JP 34979892A JP 3300081 B2 JP3300081 B2 JP 3300081B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- filtrate
- lead
- iron
- zinc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 containing zinc) Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、都市ごみ焼却工場
や産業廃棄物焼却工場等における焼却炉および溶融炉か
ら発生する重金属含有飛灰の処理方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating heavy metal-containing fly ash generated from an incinerator and a melting furnace in a municipal waste incineration plant, an industrial waste incineration plant, or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、事業場や一般家庭から排出され
るゴミ（「都市ゴミ」または「一般廃棄物」と称されて
いる。）は、都市ゴミ焼却場に集められて焼却処分され
るが、その際に焼却炉から発生する燃えがらや飛灰は最
終処分場に堆積されていた。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, garbage (called "municipal garbage" or "general waste") discharged from business establishments and households is collected at municipal garbage incineration plants and incinerated. At that time, cinders and fly ash generated from the incinerator had been deposited at the final disposal site.
【０００３】しかしながら、近年、堆積場確保の困難性
や、堆積される飛灰に含まれている鉛、カドミウムなど
の重金属やダイオキシン類の有害性が問題視されてい
る。[0003] In recent years, however, problems have been raised in terms of difficulty in securing a deposition site and the harmful effects of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium and dioxins contained in fly ash to be deposited.
【０００４】そのため、上記有害物質の安定化を図るた
めセメント固化法や薬剤処理法等が開発され実用化され
ているが、セメント固化法等によると埋立容積を減らす
ことができないため、堆積場の確保に関する問題点は未
解決のままであった。また、飛灰とセメントとの混練処
理により、飛灰に含まれている重金属の溶出はなくなる
（環境庁告示第１３号法による溶出試験）と報告されて
いるが、酸性雨等の影響を考えた場合、セメントと混練
した飛灰中の重金属類は必ずしも安定であるとはいいき
れないものであった（菊池猛著「プラズマによるゴミ焼
却灰の溶融処理による焼却残渣の無害化と生成スラグの
資源化」ＰＰＭ１９９２／５）。For this reason, a cement solidification method and a chemical treatment method have been developed and put into practical use in order to stabilize the harmful substances. However, according to the cement solidification method, the landfill volume cannot be reduced. The issue of security remained unresolved. It has been reported that the kneading of fly ash and cement eliminates the elution of heavy metals contained in fly ash (dissolution test according to the Environment Agency Notification No. 13 method). In the case of fly ash, heavy metals in fly ash kneaded with cement were not always stable (Takeshi Kikuchi, "Detoxification of incineration residues by melting treatment of garbage incineration ash by plasma and generation of slag Recycling "PPM1992 / 5).
【０００５】一方、焼却炉からの燃えがらや飛灰を溶融
処理することにより、減容化やダイオキシン類の熱分解
による無害化を図ることができるという報告がある（永
田勝也著「都市ゴミ焼却炉におけるダイオキシン対策の
現状と動向」廃棄物学会誌第３巻第３号）。[0005] On the other hand, there is a report that melting and treatment of cinders and fly ash from an incinerator can reduce the volume and detoxify the dioxins by thermal decomposition (Katsuya Nagata, "Urban garbage incinerator"). Current Status and Trends of Dioxin Countermeasures in Japan, "Journal of the Society of Waste Management, Vol.
【０００６】しかしながら、上記溶融処理によると、蒸
気圧の大きい鉛やカドミウム等の重金属は、炉内で揮発
して排ガス中に入り、排ガスに入った重金属は排ガス処
理設備内で凝縮し、再び飛灰となってしまうという問題
点があった。However, according to the above melting treatment, heavy metals such as lead and cadmium having a high vapor pressure are volatilized in the furnace and enter the exhaust gas, and the heavy metals entering the exhaust gas are condensed in the exhaust gas treatment facility and fly again. There was a problem of becoming ash.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで本発明は、上述
従来の技術の問題点を解決し、飛灰中に含まれている重
金属を安定な形で分離することができる焼却炉および溶
融炉からの飛灰の処理方法を提供することを目的とす
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and provides an incinerator and a melting furnace capable of separating heavy metals contained in fly ash in a stable manner. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating fly ash.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者等は、上記目的
を達成するために鋭意研究した結果、飛灰をｐＨ３以下
において浸出し、残渣を濾別した後中和剤および硫化剤
を添加し、生成した沈殿物を濾別することにより、上記
課題が解決されることを見い出し、本発明に到達した。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, leached fly ash at a pH of 3 or less, filtered off the residue, and added a neutralizing agent and a sulfurizing agent. Then, it was found that the above problem was solved by filtering off the generated precipitate, and the present invention was reached.
【０００９】すなわち、本発明は、焼却炉および溶融炉
から発生するナトリウムおよびカリウム、並びに鉄、亜
鉛、銅および鉛等の重金属を含む飛灰の処理方法であっ
て、上記飛灰を、そのまままたは塩酸や硫酸などの鉱酸
を添加し、ｐＨ３以下において溶解することによって鉛
以外の重金属を溶出せしめ、鉛を含む残渣を濾別する第
一工程、上記第一工程において得られた濾液に過酸化水
素水、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムおよび塩素ガスからなる群
より選ばれる少なくとも１種の酸化剤を添加し、濾液中
に溶解している鉄を酸化した後水酸化ナトリウム、炭酸
ナトリウムまたは水酸化カルシウムなどの中和剤を添加
し、濾液をｐＨ３〜５の範囲に中和することにより鉄の
水酸化殿物を生成させ、この沈殿物を濾別する第二工
程、および上記第二工程において得られた濾液に水酸化
ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウムまたは水酸化カルシウムな
どの中和剤を添加し、ｐＨ７以上に中和して亜鉛を主と
する重金属の水酸化殿物を生成させると共に、必要に応
じてこの濾液に硫化ナトリウム、水硫化ナトリウムまた
は硫化水素などの硫化剤を添加して残りの重金属を硫化
物として沈殿させ、これらの沈殿物を濾別する第三工程
からなることを特徴とする焼却炉および溶融炉からの飛
灰の処理方法を提供するものである。That is, the present invention is a method for treating fly ash containing sodium and potassium generated from incinerators and melting furnaces and heavy metals such as iron, zinc, copper and lead. A first step of adding a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid and dissolving at a pH of 3 or less to elute heavy metals other than lead and filtering out a residue containing lead. At least one oxidizing agent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen water, sodium hypochlorite and chlorine gas is added to oxidize iron dissolved in the filtrate, and then sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or calcium hydroxide, etc. A neutralizing agent is added to neutralize the filtrate to a pH in the range of 3 to 5 to form an iron hydroxide precipitate, and the second step of filtering off the precipitate; and A neutralizing agent such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or calcium hydroxide is added to the filtrate obtained in the above step to neutralize the solution to a pH of 7 or more to form a heavy metal hydroxide mainly composed of zinc. According to a third step of adding a sulfurizing agent such as sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide or hydrogen sulfide to the filtrate to precipitate the remaining heavy metals as sulfides, and filtering out these precipitates. The present invention provides a method for treating fly ash from incinerators and melting furnaces.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明法を、都市ゴミ焼却工場に
おいて焼却灰の溶融処理の際に発生する飛灰の処理方法
を例にあげて具体的に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The method of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to an example of a method for treating fly ash generated during melting treatment of incinerated ash in a municipal garbage incineration plant.
【００１１】まず、飛灰を水に溶解させてスラリーと
し、このスラリーを撹拌しながら塩酸または硫酸等の鉱
酸（無機酸）を添加してｐＨを３以下に調整する。な
お、飛灰のｐＨはその組成によって異なるため、鉱酸の
添加量は飛灰のｐＨに応じて調整する必要がある。すな
わち、スラリーのｐＨは低いほうが後に得られる鉛残渣
の鉛品位が高くなる傾向を示すため、飛灰の品位等に応
じて最適ｐＨを設定し、そのｐＨを得るべく鉱酸の添加
量を調整すれば良いのである。また、上記スラリーのｐ
Ｈがすでに最適ｐＨである場合には鉱酸を加える必要は
ない。さらに、上記ｐＨを維持しての撹拌時間は少なく
とも１０分あれば良く、その時の温度は室温でよい。First, fly ash is dissolved in water to form a slurry, and a mineral acid (inorganic acid) such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid is added to the slurry while stirring to adjust the pH to 3 or less. Since the pH of fly ash varies depending on its composition, the amount of mineral acid added needs to be adjusted according to the pH of fly ash. In other words, the lower the pH of the slurry, the higher the lead quality of the lead residue obtained later tends to be. Therefore, the optimum pH is set according to the quality of fly ash, etc., and the amount of the mineral acid added is adjusted to obtain the pH. You just have to do it. In addition, p of the above slurry
If H is already at the optimum pH, no mineral acid needs to be added. Further, the stirring time for maintaining the above pH may be at least 10 minutes, and the temperature at that time may be room temperature.
【００１２】次いで、上記スラリーを濾過し、鉛を含有
する残渣と鉛以外の重金属を含む水溶液とに分離する。
なお、上記濾過において残渣に付着する浸出液を除去す
るためには、十分に水洗を行う必要があり、この作業は
特に得られた残渣を資源として活用する場合に重要とな
る。Next, the slurry is filtered to separate into a residue containing lead and an aqueous solution containing heavy metals other than lead.
In addition, in order to remove the leachate adhering to the residue in the above-mentioned filtration, it is necessary to sufficiently wash with water, and this operation is particularly important when the obtained residue is used as a resource.
【００１３】上記のようにして得た濾液には、一般に亜
鉛のほかにカドミウム、銅、鉄等が含まれているが、飛
灰に鉄が多く含まれている場合には、後工程で得られる
亜鉛を主とする重金属の沈殿物における亜鉛品位が低く
なるため、鉄を選択的に分離する必要がある。The filtrate obtained as described above generally contains cadmium, copper, iron, etc. in addition to zinc, but when fly ash contains a large amount of iron, it is obtained in a later step. It is necessary to selectively separate iron because the zinc quality in the precipitate of heavy metal mainly composed of zinc is lowered.
【００１４】そこで、本発明法においては、飛灰に鉄が
多く含まれている場合、上記濾液中に酸化剤（過酸化水
素水、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムおよび塩素ガスなどからな
る群より選ばれる少なくとも１種）を添加し、液中に溶
解している第一鉄イオンを第二鉄イオンに酸化し、その
後苛性ソーダ等の中和剤を添加して中和することによっ
て第二鉄イオンを水酸化物として沈殿させ、この沈殿物
を濾別することによって鉄を選択的に分離している。Therefore, in the method of the present invention, when the fly ash contains a large amount of iron, the filtrate is selected from the group consisting of oxidizing agents (hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, chlorine gas, etc.). At least one) to oxidize ferrous ions dissolved in the solution to ferric ions, and then neutralize by adding a neutralizing agent such as caustic soda to reduce ferric ions to water. Iron is selectively separated by precipitating it as an oxide and filtering this precipitate off.
【００１５】次に、鉛および鉄が除かれた濾液に、水酸
化ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウムまたは水酸化カルシウム
などの中和剤を添加してそのｐＨを７以上に調整するこ
とにより、亜鉛を主とする重金属の水酸化殿物を生成さ
せ、その液中に重金属が残留している場合は、さらに該
溶液中に硫化ナトリウム、水硫化ナトリウムまたは硫化
水素などの硫化剤を添加することにより、残留する重金
属を硫化物として沈殿させ、この溶液を濾過して亜鉛殿
物と中和濾液を得る。Next, zinc is mainly added to the filtrate from which lead and iron have been removed by adding a neutralizing agent such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or calcium hydroxide to adjust the pH thereof to 7 or more. If heavy metal remains in the solution, a sulfurizing agent such as sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, or hydrogen sulfide is added to the solution to remain. The heavy metals are precipitated as sulfides and the solution is filtered to obtain zinc deposits and a neutralized filtrate.
【００１６】上記のように本発明法においては、飛灰に
含まれている重金属を、残渣（主に鉛を含有）、水酸化
殿物（主に亜鉛を含有）、硫化殿物（主に鉛、亜鉛以外
の重金属を含有）として分けて分離している。そのた
め、上記鉛を主として含有する残渣および亜鉛を主とす
る重金属の水酸化殿物は、非鉄金属の資源として活用す
ることが可能である。As described above, in the method of the present invention, heavy metals contained in fly ash are converted into residues (mainly containing lead), hydroxides (mainly containing zinc), and sulfides (mainly (Contains heavy metals other than lead and zinc). Therefore, the residue containing mainly lead and the hydroxide of heavy metals mainly containing zinc can be used as resources of non-ferrous metals.
【００１７】以下、実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に
説明する。しかし本発明の範囲は以下の実施例により制
限されるものではない。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
【００１８】[0018]
【実施例】本発明の飛灰の処理方法の一例を以下に示
す。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example of the method for treating fly ash according to the present invention will be described below.
【００１９】まず、３リットルビーカーに蒸留水２リッ
トルを入れて撹拌しながら、飛灰１００ｇを入れてスラ
リーとし、この時のｐＨが３であったので、塩酸等の鉱
酸を加えずに１０分間撹拌を行った。次いで、このスラ
リーを濾過して残渣と濾液とに分け、得られた濾液に次
亜塩素酸ナトリウムを添加した後、２００ｇ／ｌに濃度
調整した水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加してｐＨ５まで
中和し、鉄を水酸化物として沈殿させ、濾過分離をおこ
なった。First, 2 g of distilled water was put into a 3 liter beaker, and 100 g of fly ash was put into the slurry with stirring. The slurry at this time had a pH of 3, so that a slurry was added without adding a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid. Stirring was performed for minutes. Next, this slurry was filtered to separate into a residue and a filtrate, sodium hypochlorite was added to the obtained filtrate, and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide adjusted to a concentration of 200 g / l was added to neutralize to pH5. Then, iron was precipitated as hydroxide and separated by filtration.
【００２０】 次に、鉄を含む沈殿物を濾過して得た濾
液に、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を濾液のｐＨが７になる
まで添加し、さらに５ｇ／ｌの濃度に調整した硫化ナト
リウム水溶液を酸化還元電位が０ｍＶになるまで添加
し、亜鉛を主とする重金属の水酸化殿物およびその他の
重金属の硫化殿物を生成させた。Next, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is added to the filtrate obtained by filtering the precipitate containing iron until the pH of the filtrate becomes 7, and the aqueous sodium sulfide solution adjusted to a concentration of 5 g / l is further oxidized. It was added until the reduction potential reached 0 mV to form a zinc hydroxide-based heavy metal hydroxide precipitate and other heavy metal sulfide precipitates.
【００２１】次いで、上記沈殿物が生成した溶液を濾過
し、亜鉛殿物と中和濾液とに分けた（図１）。なお、上
記中和などに用いた薬剤は、添加が容易にできる濃度に
調整したものを使用した。Next, the solution in which the precipitate was formed was filtered, and separated into a zinc residue and a neutralized filtrate (FIG. 1). The chemical used for the above neutralization and the like was adjusted to a concentration that allows easy addition.
【００２２】上記のようにして得た残渣、鉄殿物、沈殿
物（亜鉛殿物）、中和濾液および飛灰におけるＰｂ、Ｚ
ｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｄ、Ｎａ2Ｏ、Ｋ2ＯおよびＣｌの含有量
（率）を調べ、その結果を表１に示した。Pb, Z in the residue, iron deposit, precipitate (zinc deposit), neutralized filtrate and fly ash obtained as described above
The contents (ratio) of n, Fe, Cd, Na 2 O, K 2 O and Cl were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.
【００２３】[0023]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２４】表１からもわかるように、飛灰に含まれて
いる鉛および亜鉛等の重金属は安定な形でほぼ完全に分
離されていた。また、残渣中の鉛品位は４０．２％、沈
殿物中の亜鉛品位は４４．４％であり、これらは資源と
して非鉄製錬所で処理できるものであった。さらに、鉄
殿物について環境庁告示第１３号法による溶出試験を行
ったところ、その基準を満足しており、管理型最終処分
場に埋め立てられるものであった。さらにまた、中和排
水は排水基準を下回っており、直接、河川や海に放流で
きるものであった。As can be seen from Table 1, heavy metals such as lead and zinc contained in fly ash were almost completely separated in a stable manner. The lead grade in the residue was 40.2%, and the zinc grade in the precipitate was 44.4%, which could be treated as a resource at a non-ferrous smelter. Further, a dissolution test was conducted on the iron palace according to the Environment Agency Notification No. 13, and the dissolution test satisfies the criteria and was found to be landfilled in a controlled final disposal site. Furthermore, the neutralized wastewater was below the wastewater standard and could be discharged directly into rivers and the sea.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】本発明法の開発により、飛灰に含まれて
いる重金属を安定な形で分離することができるようにな
った。また、本発明法によって分離された鉛を含む残渣
と亜鉛を主とする重金属の水酸化殿物は、鉛および亜鉛
の資源として活用することができるものであるため、有
害な重金属を埋め立てることなく安全な処分を行うこと
ができる。According to the development of the method of the present invention, heavy metals contained in fly ash can be separated in a stable manner. In addition, the residue containing lead separated by the method of the present invention and the hydroxide of heavy metal mainly containing zinc can be used as a resource of lead and zinc, so that the harmful heavy metal is not reclaimed. Safe disposal can be performed.
【図１】本発明法の一例を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of the method of the present invention.
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 佐々木 寿 東京都千代田区丸の内１丁目８番２号 同和鉱業株式会社内 (72)発明者 松浦 健一 東京都千代田区丸の内１丁目８番２号 同和鉱業株式会社内 (72)発明者 西山 徹 東京都千代田区丸の内１丁目８番２号 同和鉱業株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平４−265189（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−171583（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B09B 3/00 Continued on the front page (72) Inventor, Hisashi Sasaki, 1-8-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenichi Matsuura 1-8-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toru Nishiyama 1-8-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-4-265189 (JP, A) JP-A-61-171583 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) B09B 3/00
Claims (1)
ウムおよびカリウム、並びに鉄、亜鉛、銅および鉛等の
重金属を含む飛灰の処理方法であって、上記飛灰を、そ
のまままたは鉱酸を添加し、ｐＨ３以下において溶解す
ることによって鉛以外の重金属を溶出せしめ、鉛を含む
残渣を濾別する第一工程、上記第一工程において得られ
た濾液に過酸化水素水、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムおよび塩
素ガスからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも１種の酸化剤
を添加し、濾液中に溶解している鉄を酸化した後中和剤
を添加し、濾液をｐＨ３〜５の範囲に中和することによ
り鉄の水酸化殿物を生成させ、この沈殿物を濾別する第
二工程、および上記第二工程において得られた濾液に中
和剤を添加し、ｐＨ７以上に中和して亜鉛を主とする重
金属の水酸化殿物を生成させると共に、必要に応じてこ
の濾液に硫化剤を添加して残りの重金属を硫化物として
沈殿させ、これらの沈殿物を濾別する第三工程からなる
ことを特徴とする焼却炉および溶融炉からの飛灰の処理
方法。1. A method for treating fly ash containing sodium and potassium generated from an incinerator and a melting furnace and heavy metals such as iron, zinc, copper and lead, wherein the fly ash is used as it is or a mineral acid is added. Then, a heavy metal other than lead is eluted by dissolving at pH 3 or less, a first step of filtering out a residue containing lead, and the filtrate obtained in the first step is subjected to a hydrogen peroxide solution, sodium hypochlorite and By adding at least one oxidizing agent selected from the group consisting of chlorine gas, oxidizing iron dissolved in the filtrate, and then adding a neutralizing agent, and neutralizing the filtrate to a pH in the range of 3 to 5. A second step in which a hydroxide of iron is formed and the precipitate is filtered off, and a neutralizing agent is added to the filtrate obtained in the second step, and the mixture is neutralized to pH 7 or more to mainly contain zinc. Heavy metal hydroxide An incinerator and a melting furnace, comprising a third step of adding a sulfurizing agent to the filtrate, if necessary, to precipitate the remaining heavy metals as sulfides, and filtering off these precipitates. For processing fly ash
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34979892A JP3300081B2 (en) | 1992-12-02 | 1992-12-02 | Method for treating fly ash from incinerators and melting furnaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34979892A JP3300081B2 (en) | 1992-12-02 | 1992-12-02 | Method for treating fly ash from incinerators and melting furnaces |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002037818A Division JP3574928B2 (en) | 2002-02-15 | 2002-02-15 | Method for treating fly ash from incinerators and melting furnaces |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06170354A JPH06170354A (en) | 1994-06-21 |
| JP3300081B2 true JP3300081B2 (en) | 2002-07-08 |
Family
ID=18406191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP34979892A Expired - Lifetime JP3300081B2 (en) | 1992-12-02 | 1992-12-02 | Method for treating fly ash from incinerators and melting furnaces |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3300081B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10113637A (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-05-06 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Method for lessening elution of heavy metals from dust collection ashes of waste incineration furnace |
| JP4431767B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2010-03-17 | Ｄｏｗａメタルマイン株式会社 | Wet ash processing method |
| NL2003595C2 (en) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-04-07 | Elemetal Holding B V | Process and apparatus for recovering metals. |
| CN104451169B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-05-25 | 攀枝花火凤凰再生资源回收利用有限责任公司 | The extraction process of agglomeration for iron mine smoke dust valuable element |
| CN105478438B (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2017-09-22 | 湖州森诺环境科技有限公司 | A kind of garbage flying ash cement kiln synergic processing and innoxious resource circulation utilization method |
| CN110252775A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-09-20 | 三门踱哒环保设备有限公司 | A kind of incineration of refuse flyash processing unit |
-
1992
- 1992-12-02 JP JP34979892A patent/JP3300081B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06170354A (en) | 1994-06-21 |
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