JP3276467B2 - Thermal insulation ventilation structure of building by frame method - Google Patents
Thermal insulation ventilation structure of building by frame methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3276467B2 JP3276467B2 JP18630393A JP18630393A JP3276467B2 JP 3276467 B2 JP3276467 B2 JP 3276467B2 JP 18630393 A JP18630393 A JP 18630393A JP 18630393 A JP18630393 A JP 18630393A JP 3276467 B2 JP3276467 B2 JP 3276467B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ventilation
- frame
- heat insulating
- wall
- board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、２”×４”（ツーバイ
フォー）工法で代表される枠組工法による建物の断熱通
気構造に係わり、特に、躯体の周囲を断熱材で包括的に
囲繞して建物の断熱性及び気密性を向上させた、いわゆ
る気密住宅における枠組工法による建物の断熱通気構造
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat insulating and ventilating structure for a building by a frame method represented by a 2 ".times.4" (two-by-four) method. > and enclosed Nyo with improved thermal insulation and airtightness of the building relates to thermal insulating breathable structure of the building by the framework construction method in the so-called gas-tight housing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】枠組工法、例えば、２”×４”工法は、
公称断面が２インチ×４インチ（実断面は乾燥材で３．
８ｃｍ×８．９ｃｍ）の基本材で枠組みを作り、この枠
組みに合板等の各種ボードを釘で打ち付けた壁を、床
（プラットホーム）の上に積み上げて行く工法で、施工
が比較的簡便で、簡易耐火構造物となるといった利点を
有する。2. Description of the Related Art A framework method, for example, a 2 "× 4" method,
Nominal cross section is 2 inches x 4 inches (the actual cross section is 3.
8cm x 8.9cm) A frame is made of basic materials, and a wall made by nailing various boards such as plywood with nails on this frame is piled up on the floor (platform). It has the advantage of being a simple refractory structure.
【０００３】従来、この種の枠組工法において、建築物
の周囲を断熱材で包括的に囲繞した、いわゆる高気密・
高断熱住宅とする場合、いわゆる内断熱方式が採用さ
れ、更に防湿性の向上を図るため、表面に防湿層を形成
した断熱材を使用するか、または特に温度差の著しい地
域のために、断熱材の室内側に個別に防湿フィルム等の
防湿層を設けることが一般に行われていた。Conventionally, in this kind of framework construction method, the perimeter of the building was comprehensively enclosed Nyo with a heat insulating material, so-called high-gas-tight,
In the case of a high heat insulation house, the so-called inner heat insulation method is adopted.In order to further improve the moisture resistance, use a heat insulating material with a moistureproof layer formed on the surface, or insulate the area especially where the temperature difference is remarkable. It has been common practice to provide a moisture-proof layer such as a moisture-proof film individually on the indoor side of the material.
【０００４】即ち、例えば壁体においては、図９に示す
ように、水平方向に延びる上枠１と下枠２との間に複数
の竪枠（柱及び間柱）３を上下方向に掛け渡して基本材
からなる壁枠組み４を作り、この枠組み４の室外側に、
合板や構造用合板等のボード５を釘で打ち付けて取付け
るとともに、上枠１、下枠２及び一対の竪枠３で囲まれ
た領域にボード５の裏面側から断熱材６を取付け、この
断熱材６として、室内側の表面に防湿層を設けたものを
使用するか、または温度差が著しい地域においては、断
熱材６の室内側に、例えば０．１ｍｍ以上の防湿フィル
ム等の防湿層７を個別に設けることが行われていた。In a wall, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of vertical frames (posts and studs) 3 are vertically extended between an upper frame 1 and a lower frame 2 extending in a horizontal direction. Make a wall frame 4 made of basic materials, and on the outside of this frame 4,
A board 5 such as plywood or a structural plywood is nailed and attached, and a heat insulating material 6 is attached to a region surrounded by the upper frame 1, the lower frame 2 and the pair of vertical frames 3 from the back side of the board 5. As the material 6, a material provided with a moisture-proof layer on the surface on the indoor side is used, or in a region where the temperature difference is remarkable, the moisture-proof layer 7 such as a moisture-proof film of 0.1 mm or more, Was provided individually.
【０００５】なお、図示しないが、屋根体においてほぼ
同様に構成されていたり、または天井に断熱材を入れる
方法が採られていた。[0005] Although not shown, a method of adopting a roof having substantially the same configuration or a method of inserting a heat insulating material into the ceiling has been adopted.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記従
来例においては、コンセント周りや配管周り等での隙間
の発生、或いは工事中での引っ掻き等による防湿層の破
れ等によって、十分な防湿を図ることが困難で、このた
め、特に外壁のボードの内側に結露が発生して、ボード
や枠材の腐蝕に繋がってしまい、これが枠組工法の最大
の欠点となっていた。However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, it is necessary to provide sufficient moisture proof by generating a gap around the outlet or pipe, or by breaking the moisture proof layer due to scratching during construction. Therefore, dew condensation occurs especially on the inside of the board on the outer wall, which leads to corrosion of the board and the frame material, and this is the biggest drawback of the frame construction method.
【０００７】ここに、この欠点を防止するには、一般の
従来軸組工法で広く行われているように、柱及び間柱
（竪枠）の室外側に断熱材を配置した外断熱構造とする
とともに、この断熱材を挟んでこの両側に内側通気層と
外側通気層を設けることが考えられる。Here, in order to prevent this drawback, an external heat insulating structure in which a heat insulating material is arranged on the outdoor side of columns and studs (vertical frames) is widely used in a conventional conventional frame construction method. In addition, it is conceivable to provide an inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer on both sides of the heat insulating material.
【０００８】即ち、図１０に示すように、壁枠組み４の
竪枠３を挟んでこの室外側に断熱材６を、室内側に内装
材８をそれぞれ面方向に沿って張設して、断熱材６と内
装材８との間に内側通気層９を形成するとともに、断熱
材６の外側に所定間隔離間させて通気用スペーサとして
の縦胴縁１０を取付け、この縦胴縁１０の外側に外装材
１１を面方向に張設して、断熱材６と外装材１１との間
に外側通気層１２を形成することが考えられる。That is, as shown in FIG. 10, a heat insulating material 6 is stretched on the outside of the wall frame 4 with the vertical frame 3 interposed therebetween, and an interior material 8 is stretched on the indoor side along the surface direction. An inner ventilation layer 9 is formed between the material 6 and the interior material 8, and a vertical waist edge 10 as a ventilation spacer is attached to the outside of the heat insulating material 6 with a predetermined interval therebetween. It is conceivable that the exterior material 11 is stretched in the plane direction and the outer ventilation layer 12 is formed between the heat insulating material 6 and the exterior material 11.
【０００９】しかしながら、断熱材６と内装材８との間
に内側通気層９を形成しようとすると、壁枠組み４の互
いに隣接する竪枠３，３の間には、図９に示すように、
これを補強するための転び止め１３及びファイアストッ
プ（図示せず）が内側通気層９を塞ぐように配置されて
いるため、この転び止め１３及びファイアストップの内
部に上下に連通する通気孔を設ける必要があるばかりで
なく、平板状に床材を敷き並べた床（プラットホーム）
の上に壁枠組み４を積み上げて行く際、この壁枠組み４
には、内側通気層９を塞ぐ位置に上枠１と下枠２があ
り、しかも根太（側根太及び端根太）との関係で、上枠
１及び下枠２に通気孔を設けることができず、通気性を
確保するためには、例えば枠を延ばして、延ばした部分
に穴を開けるといったかなり面倒な作業が必要となる。However, when the inner ventilation layer 9 is to be formed between the heat insulating material 6 and the interior material 8, as shown in FIG.
Since the anti-slip 13 and the fire stop (not shown) for reinforcing this are arranged so as to close the inner ventilation layer 9, a vent hole vertically communicating with the anti-slip 13 and the fire stop is provided. Not only is it necessary, but the floor (platform) with floor materials laid out
When stacking the wall frame 4 on top of
Has an upper frame 1 and a lower frame 2 at a position to close the inner ventilation layer 9, and furthermore, a ventilation hole can be provided in the upper frame 1 and the lower frame 2 in relation to the joists (side joists and end joists). Instead, in order to ensure air permeability, it is necessary to perform a considerably troublesome operation such as extending the frame and making a hole in the extended portion.
【００１０】つまり、枠組工法においては、外断熱方式
を採用し、断熱材６と内装材８との間に内側通気層９を
設けることが困難で、ここに内側通気層９を設けようと
すると施工がかなり複雑となってしまうばかりでなく、
転び止め１３及びファイアストップに通気孔を設ける
と、簡易耐火性が確保できなくなって、枠組工法の利点
が全く失われてしまう。That is, in the frame construction method, it is difficult to provide the inner ventilation layer 9 between the heat insulating material 6 and the interior material 8 by adopting the outer heat insulation method. Not only does the construction become quite complicated,
If ventilation holes are provided in the anti-fall 13 and the fire stop, simple fire resistance cannot be ensured, and the advantage of the framework construction method is completely lost.
【００１１】本発明は上記に鑑み、枠組工法の有する施
工上の簡便さ及び簡易耐火性の確保といった利点を生か
し、しかも壁枠組み及び屋根枠組みの外側に断熱材を設
けた外断熱方式を採用し、この断熱材を挟んでこの両側
に内側通気層と外側通気層とを設けるとともに、壁枠組
みの外側の内側通気層と屋根枠組みの外側の内側通気層
を互いに連通させて、結露の発生を確実に防止できるよ
うにしたものを提供することを目的とする。In view of the above, the present invention takes advantage of the advantages of the framing method such as simplicity in construction and easy fire resistance, and employs an external heat insulation system in which a heat insulating material is provided outside the wall frame and the roof frame. An inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer are provided on both sides of the heat insulating material, and the inner ventilation layer on the outer side of the wall frame and the inner ventilation layer on the outer side of the roof frame are connected to each other to ensure the occurrence of dew condensation. It is an object of the present invention to provide something that can be prevented.
【００１２】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明に係る枠組工法による建物の断熱通気構造
は、壁を構成する基本材の壁枠組み及び屋根を構成する
基本材の屋根枠組みの室外側に取付けたボードの外側
に、間隔を置いて配置した第１の通気用スペーサを介在
させつつ断熱材を面方向に張設して内側通気層を、前記
断熱材の外側に、間隔を置いて配置した第２の通気用ス
ペーサを介在させつつ外装材を面方向に張設して外側通
気層をそれぞれ設けるとともに、前記屋根枠組みのボー
ドに、前記壁枠組みと屋根枠組みの外側にそれぞれ設け
た内側通気層同士を互いに連通させる通気孔を形成した
ことを特徴とするものである。In order to achieve the above object, a heat insulating and ventilating structure for a building by a framing method according to the present invention comprises a wall frame of a basic material constituting a wall and a roof frame of a basic material constituting a roof. A heat insulating material is stretched in the surface direction with a first ventilation spacer disposed at an interval on the outside of the board mounted on the outdoor side to form an inner ventilation layer on the outside of the heat insulating material. The exterior material is stretched in the plane direction with the second ventilation spacer placed and interposed therebetween to provide outer ventilation layers, respectively, and provided on the roof frame board, on the outside of the wall frame and the roof frame, respectively. A ventilation hole for connecting the inner ventilation layers to each other is formed.
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】上記のようにした本発明によれば、通常の枠組
工法によって、床の上に基本材からなる壁枠組み、更に
は屋根枠組みを構築しておき、この壁枠組み及び屋根枠
組みの室外側に取付けたボード上に、第１の通気用スペ
ーサ、断熱材、第２の通気用スペーサ及び外装材を順次
設けるといった比較的簡便な方法で、簡易耐火性を確保
しつつ、躯体の外側に断熱材を挟んで内側通気層と外側
通気層とを設け、しかも屋根枠組みのボードに設けた通
気孔を介して壁枠組みと屋根枠組みの外側にそれぞれ設
けた内側通気層同士を互いに連通させることができる。According to the present invention as described above, a wall frame made of basic materials and a roof frame are constructed on a floor by a normal frame construction method, and the wall frame and the outdoor side of the roof frame are constructed. A relatively simple method of sequentially providing a first ventilation spacer, a heat insulating material, a second ventilation spacer, and an exterior material on a board mounted on a board, while ensuring simple fire resistance, and insulating the outside of the frame body. An inner ventilation layer and an outer ventilation layer are provided with the material interposed therebetween, and the inner ventilation layers provided on the outside of the wall frame and the roof frame can be communicated with each other through ventilation holes provided on the board of the roof frame. .
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図１乃至図８を参照
して説明する。同図において、本実施例に係る建物（気
密住宅）２０は、基礎２１の上に敷設された土台２２の
上に、プラットホーム工法によって構造用合板等のボー
ドが平板状に貼付けられて床２３が構成され、この床２
３の周囲に、外壁を構成する壁枠組み２４が２段に立設
され、この上段の壁枠組み２４の上に屋根を構成する屋
根枠組み２５が架設されている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the figure, a building (airtight house) 20 according to the present embodiment has a board 22 laid on a foundation 21 laid on a foundation 21, a board such as a structural plywood is stuck in a flat plate shape by a platform method, and a floor 23 is formed. Composed of this floor 2
Around 3, a wall frame 24 constituting an outer wall is erected in two steps, and a roof frame 25 constituting a roof is laid on the upper wall frame 24.
【００１５】前記壁枠組み２４は、２”×４”工法にお
いては、公称断面が２インチ×４インチの基本材からな
る上枠２６と下枠２７との間に、上下方向に延びる同じ
く基本材からなる複数の竪枠（柱及び間柱）２８を掛け
渡すとともに、互いに隣接する竪枠２８，２８の間に補
強用の転び止めを配置し、更に必要に応じて筋違（図示
せず）を襷状に掛け渡すことによって構成されている。In the 2 ".times.4" method, the wall frame 24 is vertically extended between an upper frame 26 and a lower frame 27 made of a basic material having a nominal cross section of 2 inches.times.4 inches. A plurality of vertical frames (pillars and studs) 28 made of are formed, and reinforcement stoppers are arranged between the vertical frames 28, 28 adjacent to each other. Further, if necessary, bracing (not shown) is performed. It is constructed by crossing over a cross.
【００１６】そして、この壁枠組み２４の室内側には、
内装材３０が面方向に張設されているとともに、室外側
には、合板や構造用合板等からなるボード３１が面方向
に張設されている。Then, on the indoor side of the wall frame 24,
The interior material 30 is stretched in the plane direction, and a board 31 made of plywood, structural plywood, or the like is stretched in the plane direction on the outdoor side.
【００１７】ここに、１階と２階とは、面方向に張り巡
らせた天井材３２と２階床３３とによって仕切られてお
り、上段に位置する壁枠組み２４は、この２階床３３の
周囲に立設されている。Here, the first floor and the second floor are separated by a ceiling member 32 and a second floor 33 which are stretched in a plane direction. Standing around.
【００１８】なお、このボード３１としては、前記合板
や構造用合板の他に、シージンボードやＯＳＢ（Orient
ed Strand Board)等が挙げられ、これは以下同様であ
る。一方、屋根枠組み２５は、基本材からなる棟木４０
と鼻隠し４１との間に、同じく基本材からなる複数の垂
木４２を掛け渡すとともに、棟木４０を中心として左右
に延びる各垂木４２を天井根太４３で山形に連結するこ
とによって主に構成されている。As the board 31, besides the plywood and the structural plywood, a sea board or an OSB (Oriented
ed Strand Board), and the like. On the other hand, the roof frame 25 is made of a purlin 40 made of basic materials.
A plurality of rafters 42, which are also made of the same basic material, are bridged between the flaps 41 and the blindfold 41, and each rafter 42 extending right and left around the purlin 40 is connected to each other by a ceiling joist 43 in a mountain shape. I have.
【００１９】なお、互いに隣接する垂木４２，４２の間
には、前記壁枠組み２４と同様に、転び止めが配置され
ている。そして、前記天井根太４３の下面には、天井材
４５が面方向に貼り付けられているとともに、屋根枠組
み２５の室外側、即ち垂木４２の上面には、合板や構造
用合板からなるボード４６が面方向に張設されている。In addition, between the rafters 42, 42 adjacent to each other, an anti-slip is arranged similarly to the wall frame 24. A ceiling material 45 is attached to the lower surface of the ceiling joist 43 in the surface direction, and a board 46 made of plywood or structural plywood is provided on the outdoor side of the roof frame 25, that is, on the upper surface of the rafter 42. It is stretched in the plane direction.
【００２０】ここに、前記壁枠組み２４同士及び壁枠組
み２４と屋根枠組み２５とは、頭つなぎ４８を介して連
結され、この壁枠組み２４と屋根枠組み２５とを連結す
る頭つなぎ４８の上方に位置するボード４６には、通気
用の通気孔４６ａが設けられている。Here, the wall frames 24 are connected to each other and the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25 are connected to each other via a head link 48, and are located above the head link 48 connecting the wall frame 24 and the roof frame 25. The board 46 has a ventilation hole 46a for ventilation.
【００２１】上記構成は、通常の枠組工法によるもので
あり、このように構築することにより、施工上の簡便さ
と簡易耐火性の確保といった枠組工法の利点をそのまま
保持することができる。The above construction is based on a normal framing method. By constructing in this manner, the advantages of the framing method such as simplicity in construction and easy fire resistance can be maintained.
【００２２】そして、前記壁枠組み２４のボード３１の
表面には、外壁のほぼ全高にわたって上下方向に延びる
第１の通気用スペーサとしての縦胴縁５０ａが所定の間
隔を置いて配置・固定され、この第１の縦胴縁５０ａに
当接して断熱材５１ａが面方向に張設されている。これ
によって、ボード３１と断熱材５１ａとの間に、第１の
縦胴縁５０ａの厚さに見合った内側通気層５２ａが形成
されている。On the surface of the board 31 of the wall frame 24, vertical trunk edges 50a as first ventilation spacers extending in the vertical direction over substantially the entire height of the outer wall are arranged and fixed at predetermined intervals. A heat insulating material 51a is stretched in the plane direction in contact with the first vertical trunk edge 50a. As a result, between the board 31 and the heat insulating material 51a, an inner ventilation layer 52a corresponding to the thickness of the first vertical trunk edge 50a is formed.
【００２３】即ち、ボード３１の外側を断熱材５１ａで
覆った外断熱構造とすることで、ボード３１の内側での
冬季の結露を防止し、しかも、ボード３１と断熱材５１
ａとの間に内側通気層５２ａを設けて、夏季の室内の熱
だまりを排出するとともに、排湿、排熱機能を果たすよ
うになっている。That is, the outside heat insulating structure in which the outside of the board 31 is covered with the heat insulating material 51a prevents the dew condensation inside the board 31 in winter, and furthermore, the board 31 and the heat insulating material 51a.
An inner ventilation layer 52a is provided between the inner side and the inner side to discharge a heat pool in a room in summer and to perform a function of discharging moisture and discharging heat.
【００２４】ここに、前記基礎２１には、床下開閉ダン
パ６０を介して開閉自在な床下換気口６１が形成され、
この床下換気口６１を介して床下空間６２が外部に選択
的に連通し、更に、例えば基礎２１と土台２２との間に
スペーサ６３を介在させることによって形成される開口
部等を介して前記内側通気層５２ａと床下空間６２とが
常時連通するよう構成されている。更に、この内側通気
層５２ａの内部を流れた空気は、前記ボード４６に設け
た通気孔４６ａから該ボード４６の上方に達するように
なっている。The underfloor ventilation opening 61 which can be opened and closed via the underfloor opening / closing damper 60 is formed in the foundation 21.
The underfloor space 62 selectively communicates with the outside through the underfloor ventilation port 61, and further, through the opening or the like formed by interposing a spacer 63 between the foundation 21 and the base 22, for example. The ventilation layer 52a and the underfloor space 62 are configured to always communicate. Further, the air flowing inside the inner ventilation layer 52a reaches the upper side of the board 46 from the ventilation hole 46a provided in the board 46.
【００２５】なお、前記断熱材５１ａとしては、合成樹
脂発泡断熱材が好ましく、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレ
ン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリウレタン等の合成樹脂を発泡
させて得られた独立微細構造の発泡板が好ましい。中で
も、高度の剛性と断熱性及び透湿抵抗の高いポリスチレ
ンの押し出し発泡板やポリウレタンのボードを用いるの
が効果的であり、このことは、以下同様である。As the heat insulating material 51a, a synthetic resin foam heat insulating material is preferable, and a foam plate having an independent fine structure obtained by foaming a synthetic resin such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or polyurethane is preferable. Above all, it is effective to use a polystyrene extruded foam board or a polyurethane board having high rigidity, high heat insulation and high moisture permeability, and the same applies to the following.
【００２６】更に、前記断熱材５１ａには、この断熱材
５１ａと同じ材質からなり、室外側表面に多数の円筒状
突起を設けた第２の断熱材５３が気密シーリングテープ
等を介して気密的に貼付けられており、この第２の断熱
材５３の表面の前記第１の縦胴縁５０ａに対応する位置
に、第２の通気用スペーサとしての縦胴縁５４ａが配置
・固定されている。Further, the heat insulating material 51a is made of the same material as the heat insulating material 51a, and has a second heat insulating material 53 having a large number of cylindrical projections on the outdoor surface, which is airtightly sealed via an airtight sealing tape or the like. A vertical trunk edge 54a as a second ventilation spacer is arranged and fixed at a position corresponding to the first vertical trunk edge 50a on the surface of the second heat insulating material 53.
【００２７】このように、第２の断熱材５３を設けたの
は、２重断熱構造として断熱・密封効果の向上を図ると
ともに、下記の外装材５５ａが弛んだり、うねってしま
うことを防止するためである。As described above, the provision of the second heat insulating material 53 improves the heat insulating / sealing effect as a double heat insulating structure, and also prevents the following outer material 55a from becoming loose or undulating. That's why.
【００２８】そして、前記第２の縦胴縁５４ａに当接し
て、外装材５５ａが面方向に張設され、これによって、
前記断熱材５１ａと外装材５５ａとの間に外側通気層５
６ａが形成されている。Then, the exterior material 55a is stretched in the plane direction in contact with the second vertical waist edge 54a.
The outer ventilation layer 5 is provided between the heat insulating material 51a and the exterior material 55a.
6a are formed.
【００２９】この外装材５５ａとしては、モルタル壁、
サイディング壁、コンクリート壁等が例示されるが、そ
の他の壁材であって良い。前記外側通気層５６ａは、そ
の上下両端で大気に常時開放し、これによって、排湿及
び排熱効果を果たすようなれている。As the exterior material 55a, a mortar wall,
Although a siding wall, a concrete wall and the like are exemplified, other wall materials may be used. The outer ventilation layer 56a is always open to the atmosphere at both the upper and lower ends thereof, thereby performing a moisture-removing and heat-removing effect.
【００３０】一方、前記屋根枠組み２５の室外側におい
ても、前記壁枠組み２４の室外側とほぼ同様な構成が備
えられている。即ち、前記屋根枠組み２５のボード４６
の表面には、そのほぼ全幅にわたって棟から軒先に沿っ
て延びる第１の通気用スペーサとしての通気用垂木５０
ｂが所定の間隔を置いて配置・固定され、この第１の通
気用垂木５０ｂに当接して断熱材５１ｂが面方向に張設
されている。これによって、ボード４６と断熱材５１ｂ
との間に、第１の通気用垂木５０ｂの厚さに見合った、
前記壁枠組み２４の外方に設けた内側通気層５２ａと同
様な作用をする内側通気層５２ｂが形成されている。On the other hand, the outside of the roof frame 25 has substantially the same structure as the outside of the wall frame 24. That is, the board 46 of the roof frame 25
Has a ventilation rafter 50 as a first ventilation spacer extending from the ridge along the eaves over substantially the entire width thereof.
b are arranged and fixed at predetermined intervals, and a heat insulating material 51b is stretched in the plane direction in contact with the first ventilation rafter 50b. Thereby, the board 46 and the heat insulating material 51b
Between the thickness of the first ventilation rafter 50b,
An inner ventilation layer 52b having the same function as the inner ventilation layer 52a provided outside the wall frame 24 is formed.
【００３１】ここに、前記壁枠組み２４の外側に設けら
れた内側通気層５２ａの上端は、屋根裏空間７０に常時
開放するとともに、前記ボード４６に設けた通気孔４６
ａを介して両内側通気層５２ａ，５２ｂが互いに連通
し、更に棟開閉ダンパ７１を介して開閉自在な棟換気口
７２が棟に立設したダンパ小屋７３に形成されて、この
棟換気口７２を介して屋根裏空間７０及び内側通気層５
２ｂが選択的に外部に開放するよう構成されている。Here, the upper end of the inner ventilation layer 52a provided outside the wall frame 24 is always open to the attic space 70 and the ventilation hole 46 provided in the board 46 is provided.
The inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b communicate with each other via a, and a ridge ventilation port 72 that can be opened and closed via a ridge opening / closing damper 71 is formed in a damper hut 73 standing upright on the ridge. Through the attic space 70 and the inner ventilation layer 5
2b is configured to be selectively opened to the outside.
【００３２】更に、前記断熱材５１ｂの上面の前記第１
の通気用垂木５０ｂに対応する位置の一部には、第２の
通気用スペーサとしての通気用垂木５４ｂが配置・固定
されているとともに、この第２の通気用垂木５４ｂに当
接して、外装材としての屋根材５５ｂが面方向に張設さ
れ、これによって、前記断熱材５１ｂと屋根材５５ｂと
の間に外側通気層５６ｂが形成されている。Further, the first heat insulating material 51b is provided on the upper surface of the first heat insulating material 51b.
Some The position corresponding to the ventilation rafters 50b, and the second with the ventilation rafters 54b as ventilation spacers are arranged and fixed in contact to the second ducting rafters 54 b, A roofing material 55b as an exterior material is stretched in the plane direction, whereby an outer ventilation layer 56b is formed between the heat insulating material 51b and the roofing material 55b.
【００３３】この屋根材５５ｂとしては、かわら屋根
材、ストレート屋根材、金属板平ぶき屋根材等が例示さ
れるが、その他の屋根材であっても良い。そして、前記
外側通気層５６ｂは、棟側及び軒先側で常時外部に開放
して、排湿及び排熱効果を果たすようになっている。As the roofing material 55b, a tiled roofing material, a straight roofing material, a flat metal roofing material, etc. are exemplified, but other roofing materials may be used. The outer ventilation layer 56b is always open to the outside on the ridge side and on the eaves side, so as to achieve a moisture discharging and heat discharging effect.
【００３４】このように、壁枠組み２４及び屋根枠組み
２５の室外側にそれぞれ取付けたボード３１，４６の外
側を断熱材５１ａ，５１ｂで包括的に囲繞し、しかもこ
の断熱材５１ａ，５１ｂを挟んでこの両側に、内側通気
層５２ａ，５２ｂと外側通気層５６ａ，５６ｂとを設
け、更に各外側通気層５６ａ，５６ｂをその両端で夫々
外気に開放させ、内側通気層５２ａ，５２ｂをその一端
で互いに連通させるとともに、他端を開放することによ
って、結露の発生を防止するとともに、室内の温熱環境
を良くすることができる。[0034] In this manner, the outer insulation 51a of the board 31, 46 mounted respectively on the exterior side of the wall framework 24 and the roof framework 25, comprehensive enclose Nyo at 51b, moreover the heat insulating material 51a, across the 51b On both sides, inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b and outer ventilation layers 56a and 56b are provided. Further, each outer ventilation layer 56a and 56b is opened to the outside at both ends thereof, and the inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b are connected at one end thereof. By communicating with each other and opening the other end, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of dew condensation and improve the indoor thermal environment.
【００３５】即ち、この内側通気層５２ａ，５２ｂと外
側通気層５６ａ，５６ｂは、夏季及び冬季の気象条件に
より、循環、排湿及び排温の作用を果たし、夏には室内
の熱だまりを排出し、冬には室内の温度差を減らすこと
ができる。That is, the inner ventilation layers 52a and 52b and the outer ventilation layers 56a and 56b perform the functions of circulating, humidifying and evacuating according to the weather conditions in summer and winter, and discharge the indoor heat pool in summer. Then, in winter, the indoor temperature difference can be reduced.
【００３６】上記実施例においては、先ず、プラットフ
ォーム工法によって、土台２２の上に構造用合板等を平
面状に貼って床２３を形成する。そして、この床２３の
上に１階用の壁枠組み２４を立設し、２階床３３を形成
した後、２階用壁枠組み２４を立設して屋根枠組み２５
を架設し、これと並行して、または枠組み完成後、壁枠
組み２４に内装材３０及びボード３１を、屋根枠組み２
５においても、これに天井材４５及びボード４６をそれ
ぞれ貼付け、更には天井材３２，４５等を貼付ける。In the above embodiment, first, a floor 23 is formed by pasting a structural plywood or the like in a plane on a base 22 by a platform method. Then, the first-floor wall frame 24 is erected on the floor 23 to form the second-floor floor 33, and then the second-floor wall frame 24 is erected to form the roof frame 25.
The bridged, this and by concurrent or after framework completed, the interior member 30 and the board 31 to the wall framework 24, the roof framework 2
Also in 5, the ceiling material 45 and the board 46 are attached to this, respectively, and further, the ceiling materials 32 and 45 and the like are attached.
【００３７】そして、屋根枠組み２５のボード４６の所
定の位置、即ち壁枠組み２４の外側に設けられる内側通
気孔５２ａの上端に対向する位置に通気孔４６ａを設
け、しかる後、ボード３１，４６の室外側表面に第１の
通気用スペーサ５０ａ，５０ｂ断熱材５１ａ，５１ｂ第
２の通気用スペーサ５４ａ，５４ｂ及び外装材５５ａ，
５５ｂを順次設けることにより、断熱材５１ａ，５３及
び５１ｂによって建築物の周囲を包括的に囲繞し、しか
もこの断熱材５１ａ，５３及び５１ｂを挟んでこの両側
に、内側通気層５２ａ，５２ｂと外側通気層５６ａ，５
６ｂとを設けることができる。A ventilation hole 46a is provided at a predetermined position of the board 46 of the roof frame 25, that is, at a position facing the upper end of the inside ventilation hole 52a provided outside the wall frame 24. The first ventilation spacers 50a, 50b heat insulating materials 51a, 51b, the second ventilation spacers 54a, 54b and the exterior material 55a,
By sequentially providing a 55b, a comprehensive enclose Nyo around the building by a heat insulating material 51a, 53 and 51b, moreover this both sides of the heat insulating material 51a, 53 and 51b, the inner vent layer 52a, and 52b Outer ventilation layer 56a, 5
6b.
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】本発明は上記のような構成であるので、
施工が比較的簡便で、簡易防火構造を確保できるといっ
た枠組工法の有する利点を保有したまま、壁枠組み及び
屋根枠組みの室外側に取付けたボードの外側を断熱材で
包括的に囲繞し、しかもこの断熱材を挟んでこの両側に
内側通気層と外側通気層を設けるとともに、壁枠組みと
屋根枠組みの外側の内部通気層同士を屋根枠組みのボー
ドに設けた通気孔を介して互いに連通させることがで
き、これによって結露を防止して耐久性を向上させると
ともに、室内の温熱環境を良くすることができるといっ
た効果がある。Since the present invention has the above configuration,
Construction is relatively simple, while carrying the advantages possessed by the said <br/> was framework construction method can secure a simple fire structure, inclusive of the outer board mounted on the exterior side of the wall framework and roof framework with a heat insulating material to enclose Nyo, yet across the heat insulating material together with the opposite sides providing the inner ventilation layer and outer ventilation layer, through a vent hole provided with internal ventilation layer between the outer wall framework and roof framework board roof framework In this way, it is possible to prevent dew condensation, improve durability, and improve the indoor thermal environment.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す建物の概略断面図。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a building showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同じく、基礎と壁との連結部の縦断面図。FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a connecting portion between a foundation and a wall.
【図３】同じく、床下換気口付近の縦断面図。FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the vicinity of an underfloor ventilation port.
【図４】同じく、１階と２階との繋ぎ部の壁の縦断面
図。FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wall of a connecting portion between the first floor and the second floor.
【図５】同じく、壁の水平断面図。FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of a wall.
【図６】同じく、壁と屋根との連結部の縦断面図。FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a connecting portion between a wall and a roof.
【図７】同じく、屋根の棟部の縦断面図。FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the ridge of the roof.
【図８】同じく、屋根の水平断面図。FIG. 8 is a horizontal sectional view of the roof.
【図９】従来例を示す壁枠組みの斜視図。FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a wall frame showing a conventional example.
【図１０】同じく、外断熱構造を採用した時の壁の水平
断面図。FIG. 10 is a horizontal sectional view of a wall when an external heat insulating structure is employed.
２０ 建物（気密住宅） ２３ 床 ２４ 壁枠組み ２５ 屋根枠組み ２６ 上枠 ２７ 下枠 ２８ 竪枠 ３０ 内装材 ３１，４６ ボード ４６ａ 通気孔 ５０ａ 第１の通気用スペーサ（縦胴縁） ５０ｂ 第１の通気用スペーサ（通気用垂木） ５１ａ，５１ｂ，５３ 断熱材 ５２ａ，５２ｂ 内側通気層 ５４ａ 第２の通気用スペーサ（縦胴縁） ５４ｂ 第２の通気用スペーサ（通気用垂木） ５５ａ 外装材 ５５ｂ 外装材（屋根材） ５６ａ，５６ｂ 外側通気層 Reference Signs List 20 building (airtight house) 23 floor 24 wall frame 25 roof frame 26 upper frame 27 lower frame 28 vertical frame 30 interior material 31, 46 board 46a ventilation hole 50a first ventilation spacer (vertical waist edge) 50b first ventilation Spacers (vented rafters) 51a, 51b, 53 Insulation material 52a, 52b Inner ventilation layer 54a Second ventilation spacer (vertical waist edge) 54b Second ventilation spacer (ventilated rafter) 55a Exterior material 55b Exterior material (Roofing material) 56a, 56b Outer ventilation layer
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) E04B 1/70 E04B 1/10 E04B 1/64 E04B 1/76 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) E04B 1/70 E04B 1/10 E04B 1/64 E04B 1/76
Claims (1)
構成する基本材の屋根枠組みの室外側に取付けたボード
の外側に、間隔を置いて配置した第１の通気用スペーサ
を介在させつつ断熱材を面方向に張設して内側通気層
を、前記断熱材の外側に、間隔を置いて配置した第２の
通気用スペーサを介在させつつ外装材を面方向に張設し
て外側通気層をそれぞれ設けるとともに、前記屋根枠組
みのボードに、前記壁枠組みと屋根枠組みの外側にそれ
ぞれ設けた内側通気層同士を互いに連通させる通気孔を
形成したことを特徴とする枠組工法による建物の断熱通
気構造。A first ventilation spacer is provided at an interval outside a board attached to an outdoor side of a wall frame of a basic material constituting a wall and a roof frame of a basic material constituting a roof. A heat insulating material is stretched in the surface direction, and the inner ventilation layer is stretched in the surface direction while a second ventilation spacer arranged at a distance outside the heat insulating material is interposed therebetween. Insulation of a building by a framing method, wherein a ventilation layer is provided, and ventilation holes are formed in a board of the roof frame so that inner ventilation layers provided on the outside of the wall frame and the roof frame communicate with each other. Ventilation structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18630393A JP3276467B2 (en) | 1993-07-28 | 1993-07-28 | Thermal insulation ventilation structure of building by frame method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18630393A JP3276467B2 (en) | 1993-07-28 | 1993-07-28 | Thermal insulation ventilation structure of building by frame method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0742258A JPH0742258A (en) | 1995-02-10 |
| JP3276467B2 true JP3276467B2 (en) | 2002-04-22 |
Family
ID=16185968
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18630393A Expired - Fee Related JP3276467B2 (en) | 1993-07-28 | 1993-07-28 | Thermal insulation ventilation structure of building by frame method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3276467B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3943942B2 (en) | 2002-01-31 | 2007-07-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | Document conveying apparatus, image reading apparatus, and image forming apparatus |
-
1993
- 1993-07-28 JP JP18630393A patent/JP3276467B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0742258A (en) | 1995-02-10 |
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