JP3275127B2 - Vibration sensor - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】外力の振動推力を伝導によって直
線往復運動の慣性エネルギー運動に変換し、機械的運動
を電気信号の微量な適切の発電作用で振動エネルギーを
機械−電気発振の信号線を得て、突然の地震の来襲や自
動車の走行振動の危険な予防を行なう自動制御に好まし
い機器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The vibration thrust of an external force is converted into inertial energy motion of a linear reciprocating motion by conduction, and the mechanical motion is converted into a mechanical-electric oscillation signal line by a small amount of an appropriate electric signal generating power. In addition, the present invention relates to a device which is preferable for automatic control for preventing a sudden earthquake and the danger of running vibration of an automobile.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の角速度検出器や加速度検出器の技
術は大きく分けると機械電気変換部に片持ちで先端部に
重りをつけ振動させ圧電素子を剌激する型や、各種のジ
ャイロによるものなどがある。また加速度計としては圧
電型振動センサー図７が代表的である。重り２３を取り
付けたバネ２４の中央に圧電素子２５，２６を取り付け
重り２３の振動で電極２７より出力を取りだしている。
２８は出力接点である。2. Description of the Related Art Conventional techniques of angular velocity detectors and acceleration detectors can be roughly classified into those using a cantilevered electromechanical converter with a weight at its tip and vibrating the piezoelectric element to stimulate a piezoelectric element, or various gyros. and so on. A typical example of the accelerometer is a piezoelectric vibration sensor shown in FIG. Piezoelectric elements 25 and 26 are attached to the center of a spring 24 to which a weight 23 is attached, and an output is taken from an electrode 27 by the vibration of the weight 23.
28 is an output contact.

【０００３】比較的小型の角速度検出器として特公平５
−５２４４２は、光ファィバー梁の先端に重りによって
慣性エネルギーで振動し光の変位を検出板でひろい角加
速度を検出している。また２個の磁石を含む加速度計と
して特公平５−３２８５３が先行されている。また特公
平５−９７４６にみられる半導体式歪みの変位を検出し
材質の弾性特性を利用して ｆ＝ｍα（ｍは質量、αは
加速度、ｆは発生した運動力）の定義より考えられてい
る。突然に来襲する地震波の振動、あるいは地磐の地耐
力の違いからくる列車の振動、自動車が走行する道路の
不均質からの振動、または衝突、急ブレーキによる慣性
力、その他多くの瞬時に発生する振動に応答する簡便で
安価で信頼性をもつ機能が必要になる。A relatively small angular velocity detector is disclosed in
No. -52442 detects an angular acceleration which is vibrated by inertia energy due to a weight at the tip of the optical fiber beam, and a displacement of light is detected by a detection plate. Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-32853 is prioritized as an accelerometer including two magnets. Further, it is considered from the definition of f = mα (m is mass, α is acceleration, and f is generated kinetic force) by detecting the displacement of the semiconductor type strain found in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-9746 and utilizing the elastic properties of the material. I have. Vibration caused by sudden seismic waves, train vibrations caused by differences in ground strength of rocks, vibrations from uneven roads on which cars run, or inertia caused by collisions, sudden braking, and many other moments. A simple, inexpensive and reliable function that responds to vibration is needed.

【０００４】しかしながら従来の小型にはなっても構成
要素が単純ではない光学系−振動系の構成とは異なり、
微弱な振動から大きな低周波振動まで機械−磁気振動の
特徴を生かし慣性エネルギーに遅れのない優れた応答性
と耐久性、耐摩耗性、単純性をもつ容易な技術で振動セ
ンサーを提供することにある。[0004] However, unlike the conventional optical-vibration system configuration in which the components are not simple even when the size is reduced,
To provide a vibration sensor using easy technology with excellent response, durability, abrasion resistance, and simplicity, taking advantage of the characteristics of machine-magnetic vibration from weak vibration to large low-frequency vibration without delay in inertial energy. is there.

【０００５】[0005]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】水平円周方向からの外
力直線横振動の機械的慣性エネルギーを磁力で制動され
た一対式の磁性円球ボールで水平方向の振動を受信し、
またはＸ−Ｙ−Ｚの３要素を含む振動は３対式の磁性円
球ボールで水平方向振動と垂直方向振動を受信し検出す
る。一対式または３対式振動検出に関する構造は共通し
た原理に基づいており、該可動子は磁性円球ボールを可
動子とし、隣り合う磁石が互いに吸着するＮ，Ｓ極性磁
束中心の位置に機械的軸心をもたなくとも自然に吸引し
設置される。目には見えない磁束は磁性円球ボールの垂
直中心に沿って磁力軸心がたちあがり可動子の振り子と
して構成され、垂直磁力中心に沿って間隔をおいて固定
子である厚さをもつ一つのコイルを含む磁性鋼電位検出
部の極性中心に置き、または複数以上の厚さの明瞭な薄
い検出部にそれぞれコイルを持ち一束に貼付した磁極性
の中心の位置に置く。慣性エネルギーの力の違いで揺れ
る振り子移動角が異なり隣り合う複数のコイルに発生す
る起電力の違いが生じ、厚つみに発生する角速度ωによ
る磁性鋼電位検出部内の磁束の揺れで各コイルの各起電
力が発生するとすれば加速度の精度を高め解析しやすい
判断に関連してくる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A horizontal vibration is received by a pair of magnetic spherical balls whose mechanical inertia energy of external force linear lateral vibration from a horizontal circumferential direction is braked by a magnetic force.
Alternatively, the vibration including the three elements of XYZ is detected by receiving the horizontal vibration and the vertical vibration with a three-pair magnetic ball. The structure relating to the one-pair or three-pair vibration detection is based on a common principle. The mover is a magnetic ball ball, and the magnet is located at the center of the N, S polarity magnetic flux center where adjacent magnets are attracted to each other. It is naturally sucked and installed without having an axis. The invisible magnetic flux is formed as a pendulum of the mover with the magnetic force axis rising along the vertical center of the magnetic spherical ball, and is one of the stators with a thickness that is spaced along the vertical magnetic force center. It is placed at the center of the polarity of the magnetic steel potential detecting section including the coil, or placed at the center of the magnetic polarity where the coils are respectively attached to a plurality of distinct thin detecting sections having a thickness of at least one and affixed together. The swing angle of the pendulum swings due to the difference in the force of the inertia energy, and the difference in the electromotive force generated in the adjacent coils occurs.The swing of the magnetic flux in the magnetic steel potential detector due to the angular velocity ω generated in the thick pinch causes If an electromotive force is generated, this is related to a determination that enhances the accuracy of acceleration and facilitates analysis.

【０００６】また自然現象的に発生する地震、暴風等の
エネルギーを検知、あるいは走行自動車の運転手の差異
による危険性振動を検知し、そのような客観的情報を与
え安全を維持する情報を与えることは安心を与えてくれ
るもので生活環境に必要と考える。また簡便で安価な慣
性エネルギーに応答して動く振動検出器が少ない。[0006] Also, energy such as earthquakes and storms that occur as a natural phenomenon is detected, or dangerous vibrations caused by differences in the drivers of traveling vehicles are detected, and such objective information is given and information for maintaining safety is given. I think it is necessary for living environment because it gives security. Also, there are few simple and inexpensive vibration detectors that respond to inertial energy.

【０００７】[0007]

【技術的手段】隣り合う極性が吸引し合う平板状磁石５
ａ，５ｂを平行に配置して固定子５を形成し、該固定子
５の平板状磁石５ａ，５ｂの境界線上に磁性材ボール６
を載置し、[Technical Means] Plate-shaped magnet 5 in which adjacent polarities attract each other
a, 5b are arranged in parallel to form a stator 5, and a magnetic material ball 6 is disposed on the boundary of the plate-like magnets 5a, 5b of the stator 5.
Put on,

【０００８】他方磁性材ボール６の中心線上に固定磁極
１を配置し、該固定磁極１にコイル２を巻回しておき、
磁力線を平板状磁石５ａ，５ｂから固定磁極１に貫通し
て互いに対向する楕円状に形成させた振動センサーであ
って、磁性材ボール６が前記磁力線を横切る方向に移動
した場合、該磁力線が揺れてコイル２に起電力を発生せ
しめ、ボール６の移動を検知する、振動センサー。On the other hand, the fixed magnetic pole 1 is arranged on the center line of the magnetic material ball 6, and the coil 2 is wound around the fixed magnetic pole 1,
This is a vibration sensor in which lines of magnetic force penetrate through the fixed magnetic poles 1 from the plate-shaped magnets 5a and 5b and are formed in an elliptical shape facing each other. A vibration sensor that generates an electromotive force in the coil 2 and detects the movement of the ball 6.

【０００９】[0009]

【効果】磁性材ボール６が固定子５と点接触しているの
で作動が敏感で予期せずに自然現象に起こる突然の振動
など、また走行中の自動車などに発生する振動を瞬時に
機械電気変換をし、危険な困難を予防し安全を維持する
ための振動情報検知に役立つ。[Effect] Since the magnetic material ball 6 is in point contact with the stator 5, the operation is sensitive and sudden vibrations that occur unexpectedly due to natural phenomena, and vibrations that occur in a running automobile, etc., are instantaneously electromechanical. Converts and helps detect vibration information to prevent dangerous difficulties and maintain safety.

【００１０】[0010]

【第１実施例】まづ図１〜４の第１の実施例について説
明する。図１〜４において１はコイル２を巻回した固定
磁極、３は支柱、４は下ヨーク板、５は固定子で２個の
平板状磁石５ａ，５ｂで形成される。２個の平板状磁石
５ａ，５ｂは互いに吸引される磁力線を有する。First Embodiment First, a first embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 will be described. 1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a fixed magnetic pole on which a coil 2 is wound, 3 denotes a column, 4 denotes a lower yoke plate, and 5 denotes a stator, which is formed by two plate-like magnets 5a and 5b. The two flat magnets 5a and 5b have lines of magnetic force attracted to each other.

【００１１】６は磁性材ボールで、平板状磁石５ａ，５
ｂの境界線上に静止時においては位置する。７はボール
振動空間、８は上ヨーク板、９は下ヨーク板４の支柱３
への止めビスである。Reference numeral 6 denotes a magnetic material ball, which is a plate-like magnet 5a, 5a.
It is located on the boundary of b when stationary. 7 is a ball vibration space, 8 is an upper yoke plate, 9 is a column 3 of the lower yoke plate 4
It is a stop screw to.

【００１２】以下その作用について説明する。静止時に
おいては磁性材ボール６は平板状磁石５ａ，５ｂの境界
線上に位置する。そして、平板状磁石５ａと固定磁極
１、平板状磁石５ｂと固定磁極１との間には、互いに封
鎖した磁力線が図１のように形成されている。The operation will be described below. At rest, the magnetic material ball 6 is located on the boundary between the plate-like magnets 5a and 5b. Further, between the plate-like magnet 5a and the fixed magnetic pole 1, and between the plate-like magnet 5b and the fixed magnetic pole 1, magnetic lines of force that are mutually closed are formed as shown in FIG.

【００１３】したがって、図２のように磁性材ボール６
が前記磁力線を横切る方向すなわち平板状磁石５ａ，５
ｂの境界線を横切る方向に振動を起こすと磁力線が図１
▲ｂ▼のように角度θ、θ′の方向に揺れる。このと
き、磁性材ボール６を振動させるのは図１のＦａ−Ｆａ
^＋の方向の外力に起因するものである。Therefore, as shown in FIG.
In the direction crossing the line of magnetic force, that is, the plate-like magnets 5a, 5a
When vibration occurs in the direction crossing the boundary line of FIG.
It swings in the directions of the angles θ and θ ′ as shown by {b}. At this time, the magnetic material ball 6 is vibrated by Fa-Fa in FIG.
^This is due to an external force in the ⁺ direction.

【００１４】磁力線に揺れが発生すると、コイル２は起
電力が発生し、この起電力を測定することにより、ボー
ル６を揺動させる外力Ｆａ−Ｆａ^＋の発生を検知するこ
とができる。When the magnetic field lines fluctuate, an electromotive force is generated in the coil 2. By measuring the electromotive force, it is possible to detect the generation of the external force Fa-Fa ⁺ for rocking the ball 6.

【００１５】[0015]

【第２の実施例】つぎに図５，６に記載された第２実施
例について説明する。図５，６において１０は上ヨーク
板、１１は下ヨーク板、１２は支柱、１３は第１固定磁
極、１４は第１ボール振動空間、１５は第１コイル、１
６は第１固定子で２個の平板状磁石１６ａ，１６ｂから
なる。１７は第１磁性材ボール、１８は第２固定磁極、
１９は第２ボール振動空間、２０は第２コイル、２１は
第２固定子磁極、２２は第２磁性材ボールである。Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 will be described. 5 and 6, reference numeral 10 denotes an upper yoke plate, 11 denotes a lower yoke plate, 12 denotes a column, 13 denotes a first fixed magnetic pole, 14 denotes a first ball vibration space, 15 denotes a first coil, 1
Reference numeral 6 denotes a first stator composed of two plate-like magnets 16a and 16b. 17 is a first magnetic material ball, 18 is a second fixed magnetic pole,
19 is a second ball vibration space, 20 is a second coil, 21 is a second stator magnetic pole, and 22 is a second magnetic material ball.

【００１６】第１実施例が一方向の外力Ｆａ−Ｆａに対
し、ボール６の振動を検知するのに対し、第２実施例は
２方向の外力Ｆａ−Ｆａ，Ｆｂ−Ｆｂの振動を検知する
ものである。したがって第１ボール１７は外力Ｆａ−Ｆ
ａを、第２磁石２２は外力Ｆｂ−Ｆｂにより揺動して、
磁力線の揺れを起こし、この磁力線の揺れを第１コイル
１５、第２コイル２０が感応し、起電力を発生する。The first embodiment detects the vibration of the ball 6 in response to the external force Fa-Fa in one direction, while the second embodiment detects the vibration of the external force Fa-Fa and Fb-Fb in two directions. Things. Therefore, the first ball 17 has an external force Fa-F
a, the second magnet 22 swings by the external force Fb-Fb,
The magnetic field lines fluctuate, and the first coil 15 and the second coil 20 sense the fluctuations of the magnetic field lines to generate electromotive force.

【００１７】もし、図７のように３方向の外力Ｆａ−Ｆ
ａ，Ｆｂ−Ｆｂ，Ｆｃ−Ｆｃを検知しようとすれば、平
板状磁石ｘ_Ｃ１， ｘ_Ｃ２からなる第３固定子Ｘｃおよ
びこれに載置される磁性材ボールｂｃを外力Ｆｃ−Ｆｃ
方向に設けることになる。If the external forces Fa-F in three directions as shown in FIG.
a, Fb-Fb, if an attempt detecting the Fc-Fc, tabular magnets _x C1, third stator Xc and the magnetic material ball bc external force Fc-Fc to be placed thereto consisting _{x C2}
Direction.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】 本発明センサー第１実施例の斜視図、FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sensor according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

【図２】 同じくその磁力線を示す。FIG. 2 also shows the magnetic field lines.

【図３】本発明センサーの断面図、FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the sensor of the present invention.

【図４】図２ｆ３−ｆ３断面図、FIG. 4 is a sectional view of FIG. 2f3-f3,

【図５】本発明第２実施例の断面図、FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

【図６】図４ｆ５−ｆ５断面図、FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

【図７】三方向の外力Ｆａ−Ｆａ，Ｆｂ−Ｆｂ，Ｆｃ−
Ｆｃを検討するときのスケルトン図、FIG. 7 shows three external forces Fa-Fa, Fb-Fb, and Fc-
Skeleton diagram when considering Fc,

【図８】従来の振動センサーのスケルトン図。FIG. 8 is a skeleton diagram of a conventional vibration sensor.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

図１〜４ １：コイル巻回磁極、２：コイル、３：支柱、４：下ヨ
ーク板、５：固定子、５ａ：磁石、５ｂ：磁石、６：磁
性材円形ボール、７：ボール振動空間、８：上ヨーク
板、９：止めビス。 図５〜６ １０：上ヨーク板、１１：下ヨーク板、１２：支柱、１
３：第１固定磁極、１４：第１ボール振動空間、１５：
第１コイル、１６：第１固定子磁石、１６ａ，１６ｂ：
平板状磁石、１７：第１磁性材円形ボール、１８：第２
固定磁極、１９：第２ボール振動空間、２０：第２コイ
ル、２１：第２固定子磁石、２２：第２磁性材ボール、 図８ ２３：重り、２４：バネ、２５，２６：圧電素子、２
７：電極、２８：出力接点。1 to 4: 1: coil-wound magnetic pole, 2: coil, 3: support, 4: lower yoke plate, 5: stator, 5a: magnet, 5b: magnet, 6: circular ball of magnetic material, 7: ball vibration space , 8: Upper yoke plate, 9: Stop screw. 5 to 6 10: upper yoke plate, 11: lower yoke plate, 12: support, 1
3: First fixed magnetic pole, 14: First ball vibration space, 15:
1st coil, 16: 1st stator magnet, 16a, 16b:
Plate-shaped magnet, 17: first magnetic material circular ball, 18: second
Fixed magnetic pole, 19: second ball vibration space, 20: second coil, 21: second stator magnet, 22: second magnetic material ball, FIG. 8 23: weight, 24: spring, 25, 26: piezoelectric element, 2
7: electrode, 28: output contact.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.⁷，ＤＢ名) G01H 1/00 G01V 1/00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01H 1/00 G01V 1/00

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】 隣り合う極性が吸引し合う平板状磁石５
ａ，５ｂを平行に配置して固定子５を形成し、 該固定子５の平板状磁石５ａ，５ｂの境界線上に磁性材
ボール６を載置し、 他方磁性材ボール６の中心線上に固定磁極１を配置し、
該固定磁極１にコイル２を巻回しておき、 磁力線を平板状磁石５ａ，５ｂから固定磁極１に貫通し
て互いに対向する楕円状に形成させた振動センサーであ
って、磁性材ボール６が前記磁力線を横切る方向に移動
した場合、該磁力線が揺れてコイル２に起電力を発生せ
しめ、ボール６の移動を検知する、ことを特徴とする振
動センサー。1. A planar magnet 5 in which adjacent polarities attract each other.
a, 5b are arranged in parallel to form a stator 5, and a magnetic material ball 6 is placed on the boundary line between the plate-like magnets 5a, 5b of the stator 5, and fixed on the center line of the magnetic material ball 6 Arrange the magnetic pole 1,
A coil 2 is wound around the fixed magnetic pole 1, and a line of magnetic force penetrates through the fixed magnetic pole 1 from the plate-shaped magnets 5 a and 5 b to form an opposing elliptical shape. A vibration sensor characterized in that, when it moves in a direction crossing the magnetic field line, the magnetic field line fluctuates to generate an electromotive force in the coil 2 and detect the movement of the ball 6.