JP3235142B2 - Closed natural waters purification system - Google Patents
Closed natural waters purification systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP3235142B2 JP3235142B2 JP30574791A JP30574791A JP3235142B2 JP 3235142 B2 JP3235142 B2 JP 3235142B2 JP 30574791 A JP30574791 A JP 30574791A JP 30574791 A JP30574791 A JP 30574791A JP 3235142 B2 JP3235142 B2 JP 3235142B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- porous
- pipe
- water
- closed
- natural
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、湖沼、貯水池、調整池
あるいはダム等の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置に関し、特に閉
鎖自然水域水に微細な酸化ガス等の気泡を供給し得るエ
アレータを備えた閉鎖自然水域浄化装置に関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for purifying closed natural waters such as lakes, marshes, reservoirs, regulating ponds and dams, and more particularly to a closed natural water purifier equipped with an aerator capable of supplying fine air bubbles such as oxidizing gas to the closed natural waters. The present invention relates to a natural waters purification device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】現代に
おける人類の生活様式の高度化に伴い、湖沼等の自然水
域の富栄養化が進行し、自然環境が汚染、劣化してい
る。そこでこうした閉鎖自然水域を浄化すべく種々のエ
アレーション方式が採用されており、湖沼等の水中に設
置された管状や板状のエアレータ細孔から空気を水中に
加圧して噴き出すことによって気泡を細分化して供給す
る方式や回転羽根や放水管などによりせん断力が形成さ
れた水流内に空気を入れてそれを細分化する方式、ある
いは湖沼水等をくみ揚げてその場で上へ噴出する噴水方
式、さらには湖沼水中に埋没して垂設した空気揚水筒か
ら間欠的に空気を噴出させることによって、水域に対流
を発生させる方式等が存在する。2. Description of the Related Art With the advancement of modern human lifestyles, eutrophication of natural waters such as lakes and marshes has progressed, and the natural environment has been polluted and deteriorated. In order to purify such closed natural waters, various aeration methods have been adopted.Air bubbles are subdivided by pressurizing air into the water and ejecting it from the pores of tubular or plate-shaped aerators installed in water such as lakes and marshes. A method in which air is introduced into a water flow in which a shear force is formed by a rotating blade or a water discharge pipe to break it down, or a fountain method in which lake water is pumped up and spouted upwards on the spot, In addition, there is a method of generating convection in a water area by intermittently ejecting air from an air pumping cylinder buried and suspended in lake water.
【０００３】これら方式のエアレーションでは、基本的
には空気の送量やそれぞれのエアレータの設置個数等に
よって必要な調節が行われている。しかし、省エネルギ
ー型の高度湖沼水等処理を目的とする高機能閉鎖自然水
域浄化装置の開発のためには、微細な酸化ガス気泡を多
量に発生させ、さらにはその気泡の発生量・供給量を制
御する必要がある。In these types of aeration, basically, necessary adjustments are made according to the amount of air to be sent and the number of aerators installed. However, in order to develop a high-performance closed natural water purification system for the treatment of high-energy lake water, it is necessary to generate a large amount of fine oxidizing gas bubbles, and further reduce the amount of generated and supplied bubbles. You need to control.
【０００４】ところが、上記方式のエアレーションに
は、例えば散気管、散気筒にいかに微細な細孔を設けて
も、気泡が細孔から噴出する際の気泡の表面張力によっ
て、結果的に数ミリメートル程度の径を有する大きな気
泡が発生してしまい、それよりも小さな気泡を発生させ
ることが不可能であるという欠点を有していた。また、
その長時間運転に伴う動力費の増大及び目づまり発生の
問題等が存在した。However, in the aeration of the above-described method, no matter how fine pores are provided in the diffuser tube or the diffuser cylinder, the surface tension of the bubbles when the bubbles are ejected from the pores results in a few millimeters. Large bubbles having a diameter of? Are generated, and it is impossible to generate smaller bubbles. Also,
There are problems such as an increase in power cost and clogging due to the long-time operation.
【０００５】そしてまた、上記回転羽根や突起体とのせ
ん断力を利用する方式においては、羽根や突起体との接
触により水棲動物、微小生物等を破壊する問題があっ
た。以上のような欠点や問題点を有した従来の閉鎖自然
水域浄化装置におけるエアレータにおいては、微細気泡
の生成量が少なく、湖沼水等中への酸素溶解量の増大が
期待できなかった。さらには、微細気泡の径と発生量を
容易に制御することができないことから、湖沼水等の浄
化処理が効率的に実施できない問題があった。Further, in the above-mentioned system utilizing the shearing force with the rotating blades and the projections, there is a problem that aquatic animals, micro-organisms and the like are destroyed by contact with the blades and the projections. In the aerator of the conventional closed natural waters purification apparatus having the above-described drawbacks and problems, the amount of generated fine bubbles is small, and the increase in the amount of dissolved oxygen in lake water or the like cannot be expected. Furthermore, since the diameter and the amount of generated fine bubbles cannot be easily controlled, there has been a problem that purification treatment of lake water or the like cannot be efficiently performed.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段及び作用】本発明者らは上
記従来技術の問題点を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結
果、湖沼水等に微細な気泡を容易に供給できるエアレー
タを備えた閉鎖自然水域浄化装置を開発した。すなわち
本発明は下記のとおりの閉鎖自然水域浄化装置である。
第１の発明は、多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水移送管を大気内
に露出し、かつ水頭差を設けて配置してなる吸込式エア
レータを備えたことを特徴とする閉鎖自然水域浄化装置
であり、第２の発明は、気体供給管の中側に多孔質の閉
鎖自然水域水移送管を、水頭差を設けて配設してなる吸
込式エアレータを備えたことを特徴とする閉鎖自然水域
浄化装置であり、第３の発明は、水頭差を設けて配置し
てなる閉鎖自然水域水移送管の中側に多孔質の気体供給
管を配設してなることを吸込式エアレータを備えたこと
を特徴とする閉鎖自然水域浄化装置である。第４の発明
は、多孔質管の連通孔が不規則連通孔である第１ないし
３の発明のいずれかに記載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置であ
り、第５の発明は、多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水移送管又は
／及び多孔質の気体供給管が、多孔質セラミック管であ
る第１ないし４の発明のいずれかに記載の閉鎖自然水域
浄化装置である。The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and as a result, have found that a closure provided with an aerator that can easily supply fine bubbles to lake water and the like. Natural water purification system was developed. That is, the present invention is a closed natural waters purification device as described below.
A first aspect of the present invention is a closed natural water body purifying apparatus characterized in that it comprises a suction type aerator in which a porous closed natural water body water transfer pipe is exposed to the atmosphere and arranged with a head difference . A second aspect of the present invention is a purification method for a closed natural water area, comprising a suction type aerator in which a porous closed natural water area water transfer pipe is provided inside a gas supply pipe with a head difference provided. The device according to the third invention is arranged and provided with a head difference.
That formed by disposing a porous gas supply pipe to the middle side of the closed nature waters water transfer pipe formed of Te a closed natural waters purifying apparatus comprising the suction type aerator to. A fourth invention is the closed natural waters purification apparatus according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the communication holes of the porous pipe are irregular communication holes, and the fifth invention is a porous natural water purification device. The closed natural water body purifying apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the water body water transfer pipe and / or the porous gas supply pipe is a porous ceramic pipe.
【０００７】第６の発明は、多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水移
送管又は／及び多孔質の気体供給管が多孔質金属管であ
る第１ないし４の発明のいずれかに記載の閉鎖自然水域
浄化装置であり、第７の発明は、多孔質の閉鎖自然水域
水移送管又は／及び多孔質の気体供給管の連通孔の孔径
が５００μｍ以下である第１ないし６の発明のいずれか
に記載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置であり、第８の発明は、
多孔質の気体供給管又は／及び多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水
移送管が、縦置き型又は斜方置き型である第１ないし７
の発明のいずれかに記載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置であ
り、 A sixth aspect of the present invention is a method for purifying a closed natural water body according to any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein the porous closed natural water body water transfer pipe and / or the porous gas supply pipe is a porous metal pipe. A seventh aspect of the present invention is the apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the communication hole of the porous closed natural water body water transfer pipe and / or the porous gas supply pipe has a hole diameter of 500 μm or less. An eighth aspect of the present invention is a closed natural waters purification device.
Porous gas supply pipe or / and porous closure natural waters water transfer tube of, the vertical-type or to the first not a type placed obliquely 7
A closed natural waters purification device according to any of the inventions ,
【０００８】第９の発明は、多孔質の気体供給管又は／
及び多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水移送管が、斜方置き型の漸
縮管である第１ないし８の発明のいずれかに記載の閉鎖
自然水域浄化装置であり、第１０の発明は、斜方置き型
の漸縮管の最大負圧又は最小正圧発生部位に多孔質管を
配設してなる第９発明に記載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置で
あり、第１１の発明は、縦型の多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水
移送管が、漸拡管である第１又は２、あるいは４ないし
８の発明のいずれかに記載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置であ
り、第１２の発明は、縦型の漸拡管よりなる閉鎖自然水
域水移送管の上部の最大負圧発生部位に多孔質管を配設
してなる第１又は２、あるいは４ないし８の発明のいず
れかに記載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置であり、第１３の発
明は、多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水供給管に管体状又は筐体
状の気体供給室を周設してなる第２、又は４ないし１２
の発明のいずれかに記載する閉鎖自然水域浄化装置であ
る。The ninth invention is directed to a porous gas supply pipe and / or
And porous closure natural waters water transfer pipe of a closed natural waters purification device according to any one of aspects 1 to 8 which is Utatechijimi tube obliquely-standing, a tenth aspect of the present invention is oblique maximum negative pressure or every other type Utatechijimi tube is closed natural waters purifying apparatus according to a ninth aspect of the present invention formed by disposing a porous tube to a minimum positive pressure generating portion, the eleventh invention, the vertical porous Quality natural water body closed water transfer pipe is the first or second or fourth or
In a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a closed natural water body purifying apparatus according to any one of the eighth to eighth aspects, wherein a porous pipe is provided at a maximum negative pressure generating portion above a closed natural water body water transfer pipe comprising a vertical gradually expanding pipe. The closed natural water body purifying apparatus according to any one of the first or second or fourth to eighth inventions provided above, wherein the thirteenth invention is directed to a porous closed natural water body water supply pipe having a tubular shape or a casing. A second or fourth to twelfth peripheral body having a gas supply chamber
A closed natural waters purification device according to any one of the above-mentioned inventions.
【０００９】以上の発明においては、第１に、セラミッ
クスをはじめとする不規則多孔質管を用いる外気の供給
では、水頭差を利用した吸込方式の方が噴き出し方式よ
りもかなり小さい圧力損失となる。これは管の外周壁面
の表面積は、管厚の存在により、内周壁面の表面積より
も常に大であることに起因するものであり、したがっ
て、多孔質管を用いる本発明の水頭差を利用した吸込方
式によれば、湖沼水等の中への気泡発生効率が飛躍的に
向上することとなる。第２に、従来の噴出し方式ではセ
ラミックス製等の不規則多孔質管の細孔の径をミクロン
程度に小さくしてもそこから発生する気泡の径は平均的
に数ミリメートルほどあったが、本発明に係る吸込式の
エアレータによれば発生する気泡の平均径を数１００ミ
クロン以下に微細化することができる。よって、湖沼水
等と酸化ガス気泡との接触面積を従来方式の１０〜１０
０倍程度に、滞留時間を１０〜１００倍に高めることが
でき、溶解酸素量を飛躍的に増量することができる。In the above invention, first, in the supply of outside air using an irregular porous tube made of ceramics or the like, the suction system utilizing the head difference causes a considerably smaller pressure loss than the jet system. . This is due to the fact that the surface area of the outer peripheral wall surface of the pipe is always larger than the surface area of the inner peripheral wall surface due to the presence of the pipe thickness. Therefore, the head difference of the present invention using a porous pipe was utilized. According to the suction method, the efficiency of bubble generation into lake water and the like is remarkably improved. Second, in the conventional jetting method, even if the diameter of the pores of an irregular porous tube made of ceramic or the like is reduced to about a micron, the diameter of bubbles generated therefrom is on the order of several millimeters on average. According to the suction type aerator according to the present invention, the average diameter of generated bubbles can be reduced to several hundred microns or less. Therefore, the contact area between the lake water and the like and the oxidizing gas bubbles is reduced to 10 to 10 of the conventional method.
The residence time can be increased to about 0 times and the residence time can be increased to 10 to 100 times, and the amount of dissolved oxygen can be dramatically increased.
【００１０】第３に、多孔質管の閉鎖自然水域水移送管
に送り込む気体の圧力を制御することによって、湖沼水
等の流量を変化させない状態で、その気泡吸込量を調整
させることができる。この気泡発生量を制御することに
よって、汚染湖沼水等の高度浄化処理が達成できる。第
４に、多孔質管からの気体の吸込に必要な圧力エネルギ
ーは、多孔質管の圧力損失水頭を上回ればよく、きわめ
て小さい圧力エネルギーで足りる。通常、増水頭差で５
０ｃｍ程度でも足りる。第５に、高速回転羽根や突起体
への衝突によってエアレーションを行う従来の方式で
は、微小生物等が破壊される問題があったけれども、本
発明によればそうした問題は全く発生しない。第６に、
多孔質管の内壁近くには外部気体が均一に吸込まれるこ
とに伴い、その壁に垂直に管の中央に向かおうとする流
れが形成される。この流れは、内壁に付着しようとする
物質を剥がす方向に作用することから、結果的に本多孔
質管の目づまりの形成を起こりにくくする。 Third , by controlling the pressure of the gas fed into the closed natural water body water transfer pipe of the porous pipe, the amount of air bubbles sucked can be adjusted without changing the flow rate of lake water. By controlling the amount of generated bubbles, a highly purified treatment of contaminated lake water can be achieved. No.
Fourth , the pressure energy required to suck the gas from the porous tube only needs to exceed the pressure loss head of the porous tube, and an extremely small pressure energy is sufficient. Normally, the head difference is 5
About 0cm is enough. Fifth , in the conventional method of performing aeration by colliding with the high-speed rotating blades or the projections, there is a problem that microscopic organisms and the like are destroyed, but according to the present invention, such a problem does not occur at all. Sixth ,
As the external gas is uniformly sucked near the inner wall of the porous tube, a flow is formed perpendicular to the wall toward the center of the tube. This flow acts in the direction in which the substance to be attached to the inner wall is peeled off, and as a result, the formation of clogging of the porous tube is less likely to occur.
【００１１】第７に、従来コンプレッサーやブロアー等
の圧縮空気供給装置を必要としたが、本発明によれば水
頭差を利用した吸込式であるため、そうした装置を不要
とすることができる。また、多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水供
給管部はユニット化が容易であり、例えば．移送管の
両端部にジョイントを取り付けることによって、あるい
は．透明プラスチック製の気体供給用筐体に多孔質の
閉鎖自然水域水供給管を貫通して取り付け、かつ筐体の
貫通孔部と移送管との接触部を接着・封止することによ
って、ユニット体を製作することができる。そして前記
．のユニット体においては、内部の多孔質管が特にセ
ラミック製である場合には、外部の筐体をプラスチッ
ク、金属等の機械的強度の高い材料で構成すれば補強部
材としても機能させ得るため、多孔質セラミック管の破
損を阻止することができる。多孔質管の素材としては、
多孔質セラミックのほか、多孔質焼結金属、多孔質プラ
スチック等適宜多孔質材料を用いることができるが、い
ずれにしても多孔質部の細孔は、連通孔となっているこ
とが必要である。[0011] Seventh, but requires a compressed air supply device, such as a conventional compressor or blower, water according to the present invention
Since it is a suction type using a head difference , such a device can be unnecessary. In addition, the porous natural water body water supply pipe section can be easily unitized. By attaching joints to both ends of the transfer tube, or. By attaching a porous closed natural water body water supply pipe through a transparent plastic gas supply enclosure and attaching and sealing the contact between the through hole of the enclosure and the transfer pipe, the unit body Can be manufactured. And the above. In the unit body, if the inner porous tube is made of ceramic, in particular, if the outer casing is made of a material having high mechanical strength such as plastic or metal, it can function as a reinforcing member, Breakage of the porous ceramic tube can be prevented. As a material for the porous tube,
In addition to the porous ceramic, a porous material such as a porous sintered metal and a porous plastic can be used as appropriate. In any case, the pores of the porous portion need to be communicating holes. .
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下に、本発明の実施例のいくつかを図面に
基づいて説明する。図１は、本発明に係る水頭差を利用
した吸込式エアレータを備えた閉鎖自然水域浄化装置の
全体構成説明図を示す。図中、４は閉鎖自然水域水移送
管、３０は本発明に係る吸込式エアレータ、３１は補助
槽、５０は湖沼水等、Ｐは揚水ポンプである。図におい
て、まず湖沼水等５０の酸素溶存量の少ない深水層の水
が、揚水ポンプＰにより移送管４中を上昇し、補助槽３
１に導入される。次いで、導入された湖沼水等が補助槽
３１から落下される途中で、吸込式エアレータ３０から
空気が微細気泡として供給されて、下方の湖沼水等中に
返送にされる。以上の工程が循環されて、湖沼水等５０
の溶存酸素量が増大され、富栄養化等により汚染された
湖沼水等の閉鎖自然水域の浄化、再生が図られる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Some embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 utilizes the head difference according to the present invention
FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration explanatory view of a closed natural waters purification device provided with a suction-type aerator. In the figure, 4 is a closed natural water body water transfer pipe, 30 is a suction type aerator according to the present invention, 31 is an auxiliary tank, 50 is lake water, etc., and P is a pump. In the figure, first, water in a deep water layer having a low oxygen dissolved amount, such as lake water 50, rises in the transfer pipe 4 by the pump P, and the auxiliary tank 3
Introduced in 1. Next, while the introduced lake water is being dropped from the auxiliary tank 31, air is supplied as fine bubbles from the suction type aerator 30 and returned to the lower lake water or the like. The above process is circulated, and lake water
The amount of dissolved oxygen in the water is increased, thereby purifying and regenerating closed natural waters such as lakes and marshes water contaminated by eutrophication.
【００１３】上記閉鎖自然水域浄化装置においては、エ
アレータとして多孔質管からなる吸込式エアレータを使
用しているため、まず、散気管を用いる従来法のような
多大な気体混合エネルギーを要しなく、そして、多孔質
管を通して気体を水中へ吸込む方式のために、散気管の
場合のような大直径の気泡が生じるのではなく、極めて
微小直径の気泡が発生する。したがって、気泡と湖沼水
等との接触表面積が増大し、気体の水中への溶解率が非
常に向上し、その結果、高効率で湖沼水等のＣＯＤやＢ
ＯＤを低減を図ることができる。In the above-mentioned closed natural waters purification apparatus, a suction type aerator made of a porous pipe is used as an aerator, so that a large amount of gas mixing energy is not required as in the conventional method using a diffuser. Since the gas is sucked into the water through the porous tube, bubbles having a very small diameter are generated, instead of bubbles having a large diameter as in the case of a diffuser tube. Therefore, the contact surface area between the bubbles and the lake water is increased, and the dissolution rate of the gas in the water is greatly improved. As a result, the COD or B
OD can be reduced.
【００１４】図２は、本発明の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置の
縦置き型エアレータの１実施例の概略断面図である。図
２において、１はセラミックス製の多孔質管、２はアク
リル樹脂製の気体供給管、２’はフランジ、３は気体導
入口、４は閉鎖自然水域水移送管、４’は微細気泡混入
流動排水移送管、４”はフランジ、５は締着具（ボル
ト、ナット）、６はパッキンである。同図において、湖
沼水等が閉鎖自然水域水移送管４内を矢印方向から流れ
てくると、多孔質管１部において、気体導入口３からの
気体が多孔質管壁を通過して内部の閉鎖自然水域水（湖
沼水等）に微細気泡となって供給される。すなわち、多
孔質管内壁部は、閉鎖自然水域水の落差により負圧とな
っており、気体導入口からの気体が多孔質壁を介して閉
鎖自然水域水内に微細気泡として吸引されるのである。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the vertical aerator of the closed natural waters purification apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 2, 1 is a porous pipe made of ceramics, 2 is a gas supply pipe made of acrylic resin, 2 'is a flange, 3 is a gas inlet, 4 is a closed natural water body water transfer pipe, and 4' is fine air bubbles mixed therein.
The fluid drainage transfer pipe, 4 " is a flange, 5 is a fastening tool (bolt, nut), and 6 is packing. In the figure, lake water flows in the closed natural water body water transfer pipe 4 in the direction of the arrow. In the porous pipe 1, gas from the gas inlet 3 passes through the porous pipe wall and is supplied as fine bubbles to the internal closed natural water body water (such as lake water). The inner wall of the pipe has a negative pressure due to the head of the closed natural water, and the gas from the gas inlet is sucked as fine bubbles into the closed natural water via the porous wall.
【００１５】多孔質管の細孔の孔径と発生微細気泡の径
との関連性は、実験の結果、図７に示すとおりであり、
すなわち発生微細気泡の直径の分布は、多孔質管の細孔
孔径の分布の約３倍となっている。ただし、図７の測定
条件は、多孔質管の外径が１３．５ｍｍ、内径が７ｍ
ｍ、長さが１２０ｍｍ、平均細孔径が２２μｍであり、
閉鎖自然水域水移送管内の流水量は１．１０ ｌ／ｓｅ
ｃ．である。なお、他の測定実験の結果、発生微細気泡
径は多孔質管平均細孔径の約２〜４倍であることが解っ
た。The relationship between the pore diameter of the pores of the porous tube and the diameter of the generated fine bubbles is as shown in FIG. 7 as a result of the experiment.
That is, the distribution of the diameter of the generated microbubbles is about three times the distribution of the pore diameter of the porous tube. However, the measurement conditions in FIG. 7 are that the outer diameter of the porous tube is 13.5 mm and the inner diameter is 7 m.
m, the length is 120 mm, the average pore diameter is 22 μm,
The flow rate in the closed natural waters water transfer pipe is 1.10 l / se
c. It is. As a result of another measurement experiment, it was found that the diameter of the generated fine bubbles was about 2 to 4 times the average pore diameter of the porous tube.
【００１６】該縦置き型エアレータは、各部材が分解容
易でしたがってその組み立ても容易であり、セラミック
ス製の多孔質管１の外径はアクリル樹脂製の気体供給管
２の最狭部内径とほぼ同一としておくことにより、両者
は滑動、挿入自在となり、組み立て、分解が容易とな
る。なお、本構成では気体供給管２は多孔質管１を挟持
するごとく支持しており、セラミック製のごとき脆弱な
多孔質管を補強する補強部材としての作用も奏するので
有利である。該構成の縦置き型エアレータは、これを横
あるいは斜方に倒して横置き型あるいは斜方置き型とな
してもよいが、その場合は、上下流の圧力差によって形
成される動水勾配線が下降している途中の流路にエアレ
ータを配設すべきである。In the vertical type aerator, each member is easy to disassemble and therefore easy to assemble. The outer diameter of the porous tube 1 made of ceramics is almost equal to the inner diameter of the narrowest portion of the gas supply tube 2 made of acrylic resin. By making them the same, both can be slid and inserted freely, which facilitates assembly and disassembly. In this configuration, the gas supply pipe 2 supports the porous pipe 1 so as to sandwich the porous pipe 1 and advantageously acts as a reinforcing member for reinforcing a fragile porous pipe such as a ceramic pipe. The vertical aerator having the above configuration may be horizontally or obliquely set by tilting the aerator horizontally or obliquely. In this case, a hydraulic gradient line formed by an upstream and downstream pressure difference is used. The aerator should be arranged in the flow path in the middle of the descent.
【００１７】また、漸縮管を用いればそのまま横置き型
あるいは斜方置き型となして使用することができる。図
３は、横置き型エアレータの１実施例の概略断面図であ
る。図において、１はセラミックス製の多孔質管、２は
アクリル樹脂製の気体供給管、２’はフランジ、３は気
体導入口、４は下流の閉鎖自然水域水移送管、４’は微
細気泡混入流動排水移送管、４”はフランジ、５は締着
具（ボルト、ナット）、６はパッキン、７は上流の閉鎖
自然水域水移送管でもある漸縮管を示す。同図におい
て、湖沼水等が上流の漸縮管７内を矢印方向から流れて
くると、漸縮管７の後部内壁面において負圧が最大とな
り多孔質管１部において、気体導入口からの気体が多孔
質管壁を通過して内部の閉鎖自然水域水（湖沼水等）に
微細気泡となって供給される。漸縮管７の絞り角度は、
通常１０〜３０度程度が好ましい。If a reducing tube is used, it can be used as it is as a horizontal type or an oblique type. FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of one embodiment of the horizontal aerator. In the figure, 1 is a ceramic porous pipe, 2 is an acrylic resin gas supply pipe, 2 'is a flange, 3 is a gas inlet, 4 is a downstream closed natural water body water transfer pipe, and 4' is fine.
A flow pipe for flowing drainage containing fine bubbles, 4 ″ is a flange, 5 is a fastener (bolt and nut), 6 is a packing, and 7 is a constricting pipe that is also a closed natural water body upstream water transfer pipe. When lake water flows through the upstream converging tube 7 in the direction of the arrow, the negative pressure is maximized on the inner wall at the rear of the converging tube 7, and the gas from the gas inlet becomes porous in one portion of the porous tube. After passing through the pipe wall, it is supplied as fine bubbles to the closed natural water body water (lake water, etc.) inside.
Usually, about 10 to 30 degrees is preferable.
【００１８】図４は、本エアレータを横置きしてサイフ
ォン配置し、多孔質管から気体を閉鎖自然水域水内に微
細気泡として吸引する概念図を示している。図中、３０
は本発明に係る吸込式エアレータ、４は閉鎖自然水域水
移送管、１１は上流の湖沼水、ダム又は河川等、１２は
下流の湖沼、ダム等、１３は閉鎖自然水域水移送管４を
下流の湖沼等に固定するための支柱、ＨＬは動水勾配
線、Ｈは水頭差である。同図において、湖沼水等が上流
の湖沼、ダム等１１から閉鎖自然水域水移送管４を経
て、吸込式エアレータ３０に導入されると、水頭差Ｈ、
動水勾配線ＨＬにより外気が微細気泡となって湖沼水等
中に吸引、供給され、閉鎖自然水域水移送管４を通って
下方位置に配置されている湖沼、ダム等１２へ送給され
る。本例においては、自然の傾斜地形（例えば、山間→
平地）を利用することにより、人為的揚水手段を全く必
要とせずに、下流部の湖沼水、ダム水等の溶存酸素量を
効果的に増大し、浄化することができる。FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a horizontal arrangement of the aerator and a siphon arrangement in which gas is sucked as fine bubbles from a porous pipe into closed natural water body water. In the figure, 30
Is a suction type aerator according to the present invention, 4 is a closed natural water body water transfer pipe, 11 is an upstream lake water, dam or river, 12 is a downstream lake, dam or the like, and 13 is a downstream natural water body water transfer pipe 4. HL is a hydraulic gradient line, and H is a head difference. In the figure, when the lake water is introduced into the suction type aerator 30 from the upstream lakes, dams, etc. 11 through the closed natural water body water transfer pipe 4, the water head difference H,
The outside air is sucked and supplied into the lake water and the like as fine bubbles by the hydraulic gradient line HL, and is supplied to the lakes and dams 12 disposed at the lower position through the closed natural water body water transfer pipe 4. . In this example, natural terrain (for example,
By using the flat ground), the amount of dissolved oxygen in the downstream lake water, dam water, etc. can be effectively increased and purified without any need for artificial pumping means.
【００１９】図５は、縦置き型エアレータの他の実施例
の概略断面図である。該図においては、多孔質管１は漸
拡管となっており、その拡張部に多孔質管１が取着され
ている。本例方式によれば、閉鎖自然水域水移送管の下
方部直径が上方部のそれよりも大となっているため、多
孔質管の拡張部における吸引力はより増強されたものと
なる。同図において、湖沼水等が上方の湖沼水等貯留槽
１１から落下して漸拡管８内に入って来ると、漸拡管８
の多孔質管１内壁面において負圧が大となり、気体導入
口からの気体が多孔質管１壁を通過して内部の閉鎖自然
水域水（湖沼水等）に微細気泡となって供給される。FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the vertical aerator. In the figure, the porous tube 1 is a gradually expanding tube, and the porous tube 1 is attached to the expanded portion. According to this example system, since the diameter of the lower part of the closed natural water body water transfer pipe is larger than that of the upper part, the suction force in the expanded part of the porous pipe is further enhanced. In the figure, when the lake water or the like falls from the upper lake water storage tank 11 and enters the gradually expanding pipe 8, the gradually expanding pipe 8
The negative pressure becomes large on the inner wall surface of the porous tube 1, and the gas from the gas inlet passes through the wall of the porous tube 1 and is supplied as fine bubbles to the closed natural water body water (such as lake water) inside. .
【００２０】図６は、縦置き型エアレータの他の実施例
の概略断面図である。該図においては、閉鎖自然水域水
供給管４の内側に、多孔質管１を備えた筒状（あるいは
管状）の気体供給器９を内設してなるものである。本例
方式によれば、外気が、閉鎖自然水域水移送管４を貫通
して気体供給器９内に連結された導気管１０を経て、多
孔質管１の管壁外面から微細気泡となって湖沼水等中に
吸引、供給される。FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the vertical aerator. In this figure, a tubular (or tubular) gas supply device 9 having a porous tube 1 is provided inside a closed natural water body water supply tube 4. According to this example system, the outside air passes through the closed natural water body water transfer pipe 4, passes through the air guide pipe 10 connected to the gas supply 9, and becomes fine bubbles from the outer wall surface of the porous pipe 1. It is sucked and supplied into lake water.
【００２１】以上のように本発明においては多孔質管に
よる吸込方式を採用したので、セラミックス等多孔質管
より外部気体を吸込むことにより、閉鎖自然水域水移送
管内に数１００μｍから数１０μｍの径を有する微細な
気泡を生成させ得るとともに、その気泡量を制御するこ
とが可能となる。生成気泡の調整において、気泡量を増
大するには、閉鎖自然水域水移送管内の負圧力を増大す
ることにより、又は気体供給管内の気圧を高めることに
よっても行うことができ、また気泡直径を微小化するに
は、多孔質管の連通孔の孔径を縮小することにより、又
は閉鎖自然水域水移送管内の負圧力を弱くすることによ
って実現することができる。As described above, in the present invention, a suction method using a porous tube is adopted, so that a diameter of several hundreds μm to several tens μm is introduced into a closed natural water body water transfer pipe by sucking external gas from a porous pipe such as ceramics. It is possible to generate fine bubbles having the bubbles and to control the amount of the bubbles. In adjusting the generated bubbles, the amount of the bubbles can be increased by increasing the negative pressure in the closed natural water body water transfer pipe or by increasing the air pressure in the gas supply pipe. This can be realized by reducing the diameter of the communication hole of the porous pipe or by reducing the negative pressure in the closed natural water body water transfer pipe.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】以上実施例等で詳述したように、本発明
によれば下記のごとき優れた多くの作用効果が発揮され
る。 （１）．本発明に係るエアレータによれば、従来の噴き
出し方式のエアレータよりもかなり小さい圧力損失とな
り、閉鎖自然水域水の中への気泡発生効率が飛躍的に向
上する。 （２）．従来の噴出し方式ではセラミックス製等の不規
則多孔質管の細孔の径をミクロン程度に小さくしてもそ
こから発生する気泡の径は平均的に数ミリメートルほど
あったが、本発明に係る吸込式のエアレータによれば発
生する気泡の平均径を数１００μｍから数１０μｍに微
細化することができる。よって、湖沼水等と酸化ガス等
の気泡との接触面積を極端に増大することができ、その
結果湖沼水等中への溶解酸素量を飛躍的に増量すること
ができる。 （３）．多孔質管の閉鎖自然水域水移送管に送り込む気
体の圧力を制御することによって、湖沼水等の流量を変
化させない状態で、その気泡吸込量を調整させることが
でき、この気泡発生量を制御することによって、湖沼水
等の高度処理が達成できる。As has been described in detail in the embodiments and the like, according to the present invention, many excellent functions and effects as described below are exhibited. (1). According to the aerator according to the present invention, the pressure loss is considerably smaller than that of the conventional jet type aerator, and the efficiency of generating bubbles in the closed natural water body water is greatly improved. (2). In the conventional ejection method, even if the diameter of the pores of an irregular porous tube made of ceramics or the like is reduced to about a micron, the diameter of bubbles generated therefrom is on average about several millimeters. According to the suction type aerator, the average diameter of the generated bubbles can be reduced from several hundred μm to several tens μm. Therefore, the contact area between the lake water and the like and the bubbles such as the oxidizing gas can be extremely increased, and as a result, the amount of oxygen dissolved in the lake water and the like can be drastically increased. ( 3 ). By controlling the pressure of gas sent to the closed natural water body water transfer pipe of the porous pipe, it is possible to adjust the bubble suction amount without changing the flow rate of lake water, etc., and control the amount of generated bubbles Thereby, advanced treatment of lake water can be achieved.
【００２３】（４）．多孔質管からの気体の吸込に必要
な圧力エネルギーは、多孔質管の圧力損失水頭を上回れ
ばよく、きわめて小さい圧力エネルギーで足り、省エネ
ルギー運転が可能となる。（５ ）．多孔質管の内壁近くには外部気体が均一に吸込
まれることに伴い、その壁に垂直に管の中央に向かおう
とする気液の流れが形成され、この流れが多孔質管内壁
に付着しようとする汚染物質等を常に剥がす方向に作用
する。その結果、多孔質管内壁面が継続的に更新され、
多孔質管の目づまりが起こりにくくなる。 （６）．従来方式のごときコンプレッサーやブロアー等
の圧縮空気供給装置を必要としなく、単に水頭差のみを
確保すればよい。自然傾斜地形の高度差を利用すれば、
人為的揚水手段を全く不要となすことができる。 （７）．多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水供給管部はユニット化
が容易であり、例えば透明プラスチック製の気体供給用
筐体に多孔質の閉鎖自然水域水供給管を貫通して取り付
け、かつ筐体の貫通孔部と移送管との接触部を接着・封
止することによって、ユニット体を製作することができ
る。そして、内部の多孔質管が特にセラミック製である
場合には、外部の筐体をプラスチック、金属等の機械的
強度の高い材料で構成すれば補強部材としても機能させ
ることができるため、多孔質セラミック管の破損を阻止
することができる。( 4 ). The pressure energy required for sucking the gas from the porous tube only needs to be higher than the pressure loss head of the porous tube, and extremely small pressure energy is sufficient, and energy saving operation is possible. (5 ). As the external gas is uniformly sucked near the inner wall of the porous tube, a gas-liquid flow is formed perpendicular to the wall toward the center of the tube, and this flow adheres to the inner wall of the porous tube. It always acts in the direction of peeling off contaminants and the like. As a result, the inner surface of the porous tube is continuously updated,
Clogging of the porous tube is less likely to occur. ( 6 ). A compressed air supply device such as a compressor or a blower as in the conventional system is not required, and only the difference in water head may be secured. By using the altitude difference of natural slope terrain,
No artificial pumping means is required. ( 7 ). The porous closed natural water body water supply pipe section is easily unitized. For example, the porous closed natural water body water supply pipe is attached to a transparent plastic gas supply housing through a porous closed natural water body water supply pipe, and the through hole of the housing is provided. The unit body can be manufactured by bonding and sealing the contact part between the part and the transfer pipe. When the inner porous tube is made of ceramics in particular, if the outer casing is made of a material having high mechanical strength such as plastic or metal, it can function as a reinforcing member. The ceramic tube can be prevented from being damaged.
【図１】本発明に係る水頭差を利用した吸込式エアレー
タを備えた閉鎖自然水域浄化装置の全体構成説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the overall configuration of a closed natural water body purifying apparatus including a suction type aerator using a head difference according to the present invention.
【図２】閉鎖自然水域浄化装置の縦置き型エアレータの
１実施例の概略断面図。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a vertical aerator of the closed natural waters purification apparatus.
【図３】横置き型エアレータの１実施例の概略断面図。FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of one embodiment of a horizontal aerator.
【図４】エアレータを横置きしてサイフォン配置し、多
孔質管から気体を閉鎖自然水域水内に微細気泡として吸
引・供給する概念図。FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram in which an aerator is placed horizontally and arranged in a siphon, and gas is sucked and supplied as fine bubbles into closed natural waters from a porous pipe.
【図５】縦置き型エアレータの他の実施例の概略断面
図。FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the vertical aerator.
【図６】縦置き型エアレータの他の実施例の概略断面
図、FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the vertical aerator.
【図７】多孔質管の細孔の孔径と発生微細気泡の径との
関連性を示すグラフ図。FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the pore diameter of the pores of the porous tube and the diameter of the generated fine bubbles.
１：セラミックス製の多孔質管、 ２：アクリル樹脂製の気体供給管、 ２’、４”：フランジ、３：気体導入口、 ４：閉鎖自然水域水移送管、４’：微細気泡混入流動排
水移送管、 ５：締着具（ボルト、ナット）、６：パッキン， ７：漸縮管、８：漸拡管 ９：筒状の気体供給器、１０：導気管、 １１：上流の湖沼、ダム等、１２：下流の湖沼、ダム
等、 １３：支柱 ３０：吸込式エアレータ、 ３１：補助槽 ５０：湖沼水等 Ｐ：揚水ポンプ ＨＬ：動水勾配線、Ｈ：水頭差1: Porous pipe made of ceramics, 2: Gas supply pipe made of acrylic resin, 2 ′, 4 ″ : Flange, 3: Gas inlet, 4: Water transfer pipe in closed natural water area, 4 ′: Flow and discharge of fine bubbles
Water transfer pipe, 5: Fasteners (bolts, nuts), 6: Packing, 7: Reducing pipe, 8: Reproducing pipe 9: Cylindrical gas supply, 10: Air pipe, 11: Upstream lake, dam, dam 12: Downstream lakes and mars, dams, etc. 13: Struts 30: Suction aerator, 31: Auxiliary tanks 50: Lake water, etc. P: Pumping pump HL: Hydrodynamic gradient line, H: Head difference
フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C02F 7/00 C02F 3/00 - 3/34 B01F 1/00 - 5/26 Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C02F 7/00 C02F 3/00-3/34 B01F 1/00-5/26
Claims (13)
に露出して、かつ水頭差を設けて配置してなる吸込式エ
アレータを備えたことを特徴とする閉鎖自然水域浄化装
置。1. A closed natural water body purifying apparatus comprising: a suction type aerator in which a porous closed natural water body water transfer pipe is exposed to the atmosphere and provided with a head difference .
域水移送管を、水頭差を設けて配設してなる吸込式エア
レータを備えたことを特徴とする閉鎖自然水域浄化装
置。2. A closed natural water area purifying apparatus comprising: a suction type aerator in which a porous closed natural water area water transfer pipe is provided with a head difference provided inside a gas supply pipe.
域水移送管の中側に多孔質の気体供給管を配設してなる
ことを吸込式エアレータを備えたことを特徴とする閉鎖
自然水域浄化装置。3. A closure characterized by comprising a suction type aerator in which a porous gas supply pipe is provided inside a closed natural water body water transfer pipe provided with a head difference provided. Natural water purification system.
ことを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれか１項に記
載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置。4. A closure natural waters purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the communication holes of the porous tube is irregular passage.
び多孔質の気体供給管が、多孔質セラミック管であるこ
とを特徴とする請求項１ないし４のいずれか１項に記載
の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置。5. A porous closure natural waters water transfer pipe and / or a porous gas supply tubes of closure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a porous ceramic tube Natural water purification system.
び多孔質の気体供給管が多孔質金属管であることを特徴
とする請求項１ないし４のいずれか１項に記載の閉鎖自
然水域浄化装置。6. A porous closure closes nature according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas supply pipe of natural waters water transfer pipe and / or porous is a porous metal tube Water purification device.
び多孔質の気体供給管の連通孔の孔径が５００μｍ以下
であることを特徴とする請求項１ないし６のいずれか１
項に記載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置。7. A one pore size of the porous closure natural waters water transfer pipe and / or porous passage of the gas supply pipe of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at 500μm or less 1
The closed natural waters purifying apparatus according to the above item .
閉鎖自然水域水移送管が、縦置き型又は斜方置き型であ
ることを特徴とする請求項１ないし７のいずれかに記載
の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置。8. porous gas supply pipe or / and porous closure natural waters water transfer pipe of the found vertical type or to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a type placed obliquely A closed natural waters purification device according to any of the preceding claims.
閉鎖自然水域水移送管が、斜方置き型の漸縮管であるこ
とを特徴とする請求項１ないし８のいずれかに記載の閉
鎖自然水域浄化装置。9. porous gas supply pipe or / and porous closure natural waters water transfer tube of, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a Utatechijimi tube obliquely disposed type Closed natural waters purification device.
小正圧発生部位に多孔質管を配設してなることを特徴と
する請求項９記載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置。10. The closed natural water purification system according to claim 9 , wherein a porous pipe is disposed at a position where a maximum negative pressure or a minimum positive pressure is generated in the obliquely placed retraction pipe.
送管が、漸拡管であることを特徴とする請求項１又は
２、あるいは４ないし８のいずれかに記載の閉鎖自然水
域浄化装置。11. The vertical type porous closure natural waters water transfer tube of, gradually be expanded tube, characterized in claim 1 or 2, or a closed natural waters purification device according to any one of 4 to 8 .
域水移送管の上部の最大負圧発生部位に、多孔質管を配
設してなることを特徴とする請求項１又は２、あるいは
４ないし８のいずれかに記載の閉鎖自然水域浄化装置。12. A porous pipe is disposed at a maximum negative pressure generating portion above a closed natural water body water transfer pipe composed of a vertical type gradually expanding pipe, or a porous pipe is provided. The closed natural waters purification device according to any one of 4 to 8 .
状又は筐体状の気体供給室を周設してなることを特徴と
する請求項２、又は４ないし１２のいずれかに記載の閉
鎖自然水域浄化装置。13. The method of claim 2, characterized in that the porous closure natural waters water supply pipe to the pipe-shaped or box-shaped gas supply chamber formed by circumferentially, or 4 to according to any one of the 12 Closed natural waters purification device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30574791A JP3235142B2 (en) | 1991-09-07 | 1991-09-07 | Closed natural waters purification system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30574791A JP3235142B2 (en) | 1991-09-07 | 1991-09-07 | Closed natural waters purification system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0564800A JPH0564800A (en) | 1993-03-19 |
| JP3235142B2 true JP3235142B2 (en) | 2001-12-04 |
Family
ID=17948859
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30574791A Expired - Fee Related JP3235142B2 (en) | 1991-09-07 | 1991-09-07 | Closed natural waters purification system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3235142B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100986208B1 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2010-10-08 | 보은군 | Purification apparatus for water-quality for storage water of river using waterpower |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004174287A (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2004-06-24 | Shiga Pref Gov | Apparatus and method for purifying water |
| JP2011020043A (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-02-03 | Tokyo Denki Univ | Aeration method and water drop pipe |
| JP5997052B2 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2016-09-21 | エメフシー リミテッド | Diffusion aeration for water and wastewater treatment |
| JP5792212B2 (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2015-10-07 | 株式会社アンレット | Water purification device using hydropower |
| CN111499014B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-01-05 | 南京钛净流体技术有限公司 | Method for aerating by using oxygen-enriched ceramic membrane aeration device |
-
1991
- 1991-09-07 JP JP30574791A patent/JP3235142B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100986208B1 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2010-10-08 | 보은군 | Purification apparatus for water-quality for storage water of river using waterpower |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0564800A (en) | 1993-03-19 |
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