JP3234205B2 - Tunnel support - Google Patents
Tunnel supportInfo
- Publication number
- JP3234205B2 JP3234205B2 JP27033799A JP27033799A JP3234205B2 JP 3234205 B2 JP3234205 B2 JP 3234205B2 JP 27033799 A JP27033799 A JP 27033799A JP 27033799 A JP27033799 A JP 27033799A JP 3234205 B2 JP3234205 B2 JP 3234205B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- net
- mesh
- support frame
- support
- members
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、トンネル掘削機に
よって掘削された掘削壁面を支保するための支保体であ
って、特に、肌落ちや崩落が生じ易い岩盤部を支保する
のに適したトンネル支保体に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a support for supporting an excavated wall surface excavated by a tunnel excavator, and more particularly to a tunnel suitable for supporting a rock mass which is liable to fall and fall. it relates to支保body.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】トンネル掘削機によって岩質の地盤にト
ンネルを掘削する場合、トンネル掘削壁面が肌落ちした
り、崩落することがあり、このため、従来からトンネル
掘削壁面に沿って円弧状に湾曲した支保体を組立ててい
る。このような支保体の構造としては、図９、図10に示
すように、円弧状に湾曲した前後桁材21、22の両端間を
継手材23、 24によって連結することにより平面矩形状
の支保枠体20を形成し、この支保枠体20の上記前後桁材
21、22間に長さ方向に所定間隔毎に支持桟材25を配設し
てこれらの網体受け部材25の前後両端を前後桁材21、22
の対向面に固着し、さらに、支持枠体20の上面に金網体
26を張設してなり、該金網体26により緩んだ岩盤がトン
ネル内に崩落するのを防止するように構成している。2. Description of the Related Art When a tunnel is excavated on a rocky ground by a tunnel excavator, the surface of the tunnel excavation surface may fall off or fall down. Assembled support body. As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the structure of such a support body is a flat rectangular support by connecting both ends of front and rear beam members 21 and 22 curved in an arc shape with joint members 23 and 24. A frame 20 is formed, and the above-mentioned front and rear girder members of the support frame 20 are formed.
A support beam 25 is disposed at predetermined intervals in the length direction between 21 and 22, and both front and rear ends of these net receiving members 25 are front and rear beam members 21 and 22.
And a wire mesh on the upper surface of the support frame 20.
The wire mesh 26 prevents the loosened rock from falling into the tunnel.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、崩落し
やすい岩盤部が大きな岩石の場合には上記金網体26によ
ってトンネル内への崩落を防止することができるが、こ
の金網体26の網目を通過する小さな岩石による小崩落の
場合には網目を通してこれらの岩石がトンネル内に落下
し、トンネル掘削壁面を支保するという所期の目的を達
成することができなくなる。このため、予め、細かい網
目を有する金網体を張設しておけばよいが、このような
金網体は高価であり、支保体がコスト高になって不経済
である。However, when the rock part which is easily collapsed is a large rock, it can be prevented from falling into the tunnel by the wire netting 26, but it passes through the mesh of the wire netting 26. In the case of small collapses due to small rocks, these rocks fall into the tunnel through the mesh, and the intended purpose of supporting the tunnel excavation wall surface cannot be achieved. For this reason, a wire mesh having a fine mesh may be stretched in advance, but such a wire mesh is expensive, and the support body is expensive and uneconomical.
【０００４】従って、目の細かい金網体を張設した支保
体を用いることなく、比較的網目の大きい上記金網体26
を張設した支保体を採用して網目を小さくするには、こ
の支保体の金網体26上に該金網体26と同大、同形の金網
体を重ね合わせ、これらの上下金網体の網目を互いにず
らせばよいが、支保体の上面に張設している金網体26上
に金網体を重ね合わせると、この金網体の上面が支保体
の上面よりも突出した位置に配設された状態となって支
保体を岩盤壁面に密着させることができなくなり、その
ため、支保体自体の支保機能を損なうという問題点があ
った。Accordingly, the wire mesh body 26 having a relatively large mesh can be used without using a support body on which a wire mesh body having a fine mesh is stretched.
In order to reduce the mesh by adopting the support having the stretched wire, a wire mesh having the same size and the same shape as the wire mesh 26 is superimposed on the wire mesh 26 of the support, and the meshes of these upper and lower wire meshes are formed. It suffices to shift each other, but when the wire mesh is overlaid on the wire mesh 26 that is stretched on the upper surface of the support, it is assumed that the upper surface of this wire mesh is disposed at a position protruding from the upper surface of the support. As a result, the support body cannot be brought into close contact with the wall surface of the bedrock, so that there is a problem that the support function of the support body itself is impaired.
【０００５】また、支保体内への金網体26の弛みを防止
するために、上述したように前後桁材21、22間に長さ方
向に所定間隔毎に網体受け部材25を配設してこれらの網
体受け部材25の上面で金網体26の下面を支持させている
が、前後桁材21、22の上端面は円弧状に湾曲しており、
この湾曲した上端面に全ての網体受け部材25の上面を面
一状に取付けるには手間と熟練を要し、能率よく製造す
ることができないという問題点があった。In order to prevent the wire mesh 26 from being loosened into the support body, the mesh receiving members 25 are disposed between the front and rear beam members 21 and 22 at predetermined intervals in the length direction as described above. Although the lower surface of the wire mesh body 26 is supported by the upper surface of these mesh body receiving members 25, the upper end surfaces of the front and rear beam members 21 and 22 are curved in an arc shape,
Attachment of the upper surfaces of all of the mesh body receiving members 25 to the curved upper end surface in a level manner requires labor and skill, and there is a problem that it is not possible to efficiently manufacture.
【０００６】本発明はこのような問題点に鑑みてなされ
たもので、その目的とするところは、二重に張設した網
体によって小崩落が生じやすい岩盤壁面を確実に支保す
ることができると共に構造が簡単で安価に製造し得るト
ンネル支保体を提供するにある。[0006] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a double-stretched net body that can securely support a rock wall surface where small collapse easily occurs. Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support which has a simple structure and can be manufactured at low cost.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明の請求項１に記載のトンネル支保体は、凸円
弧状に湾曲した前後桁材の少なくとも一端間を継手材に
よって連結することにより形成された支保枠体と、この
支保枠体の長さ方向に所定間隔毎にその上面が支保枠体
の上面よりも下方に位置した状態に固着してなる網体受
け部材と、上記支保枠体の前後桁材の上端面間に取り付
けられた第１網体と、該第１網体の下側に配設され、そ
の下面を網体受け部材の上面に支持されてなる第２網体
とからなるトンネル支保体であって、凸円弧状に湾曲し
た前後桁材は断面コ字状の形鋼からなり、この形鋼の上
側フランジと上記網体受け部材の端部上面との間の隙間
に上記第２網体の端部を挿入することにより該第２網体
を網体受け部材上に張設してあり、この第２網体上に両
端部が支保枠体の上端面に支持させた上記第１網体を重
ね合わせている構造を有している。In order to achieve the above object, a tunnel support according to claim 1 of the present invention has a convex circular shape.
A support frame formed by connecting at least one end of the front and rear girder members curved in an arc shape with a joint material, and the upper surface of the support frame body is disposed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the support frame body to be higher than the upper surface of the support frame body. A mesh receiving member fixedly positioned in a lower position, a first mesh attached between upper end surfaces of the front and rear girders of the support frame, and a first mesh provided below the first mesh; A tunnel support body having a lower surface supported by the upper surface of the mesh body receiving member and a second mesh body, the tunnel support body being curved in a convex arc shape.
The front and rear girder members consist of a U-shaped cross section.
Clearance between the side flange and the top surface of the end of the mesh receiving member
By inserting the end of the second net into the second net
Are stretched on a mesh receiving member, and both
The first net body whose end is supported on the upper end surface of the support frame is weighted.
It has a structure of joining.
【０００８】上記トンネル支保体において、請求項２に
係る発明は、同一大きさの網目を有する第１網体と第２
網体とを互いに平面方向にずらして支保枠体に配設する
ことにより、これらの第１、第２網体の網目の重なりの
ずれによって細かい網目を形成していることを特徴とし
ている。In the above tunnel support, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the first net having the same size of the mesh and the second net having the same mesh.
By disposing the net and the net in the support frame so as to be shifted from each other in the plane direction, a fine mesh is formed by the shift of the mesh of the first and second nets.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】トンネル掘削機によって掘削されたトンネル掘
削壁面に沿って円弧状に湾曲した複数個の支保体をリン
グ状に組立てる。この際、崩落が生じる虞れのある掘削
壁面の上周部に対しては上記第１、第２網体を張設して
いる支保体を配設し、これらの網体によって肌落ちや崩
落を防止する。この支保体において、第１網体はその前
後両端部を支保枠体の前後桁材上に直接受止させた状態
で支保枠体に張設しているので、この第１網体を介して
支保枠体を掘削壁面に全面的に圧接させて支保体自体の
支保機能を効果的に発揮させることができる。A plurality of support bodies curved in an arc shape along a tunnel excavation wall excavated by a tunnel excavator are assembled in a ring shape. At this time, a support body on which the first and second nets are stretched is provided on the upper peripheral portion of the excavation wall where the collapse may occur, and the skins and the falling are caused by these nets. To prevent In this support body, the first mesh body is stretched on the support frame body with its front and rear end portions directly received on the front and rear girder members of the support frame body. The support frame can be brought into full contact with the excavation wall to effectively exhibit the support function of the support itself.
【００１０】また、支保枠体内に並列状態で一体に設け
ている複数の網体受け部材は、その上面を円弧状に湾曲
した支保枠体の上面に合わせることなく該支保枠体の上
面から下方に小間隔を存した位置に配設し、その前後両
端を支保枠体の前後桁材の対向面に固着しているので、
支保枠体の上面に対する位置合わせを行う必要はなく、
網体受け部材を支保枠体に作業性よく装着することがで
きる。この状態においては第１網体がこれらの網体受け
部材に支持されていないので下方に向かって弛みが生じ
る虞れがあるが、該第１網体を支保枠体上に張設する前
に、第２網体を網体受け部材上に張設しておくので、こ
の第２網体の上面で第１網体の下面を受止した構造とな
り、これらの第１、第２網体を重ね合わせ状態にして網
体受け部材に強固に支持させ、崩落を確実に防止し得
る。Further, the plurality of mesh receiving members integrally provided in parallel in the support frame body may have a lower surface from the upper surface of the support frame body without aligning the upper surface with the upper surface of the support frame body curved in an arc shape. Because it is arranged at a position with a small interval and the front and rear ends are fixed to the opposing surfaces of the front and rear girder members of the support frame body,
There is no need to align with the top surface of the support frame,
The net receiving member can be mounted on the support frame with good workability. In this state, since the first net is not supported by these net receiving members, there is a possibility that the first net is loosened downward. However, before the first net is stretched on the support frame, Since the second net is stretched over the net receiving member, the lower surface of the first net is received by the upper surface of the second net, and the first and second nets are connected to each other. In a superposed state, the net receiving member is firmly supported, and the collapse can be reliably prevented.
【００１１】その上、支保枠体を上方に向けた状態にし
て網体組立位置に設置し、上方から支保枠体内に上記第
２網体と第１網体とを順次、取り付けることにより網体
の張設作業が正確に且つ能率よく行え、支保体の製造が
容易となる。In addition, the support frame is placed at the net assembly position with the support frame facing upward, and the second net and the first net are sequentially mounted in the support frame from above, thereby forming a net. Can be accurately and efficiently performed, and the support body can be easily manufactured.
【００１２】さらに、第１網体と第２網体との網目の大
きさが異なる場合には、第１網体の網目を形成する縦横
の線材によって第２網体の網目が小さく分割される一
方、この第２網体の網目を形成する縦横の線材によって
第１網体の網目が小さく分割され、従って、全体的に網
目が細かくなって小崩落が発生しても小径の岩石がトン
ネル内に落下するのを防止することができるが、網目の
大きさが異なった第１網体と第２網体を用いるとコスト
高になるので、請求項２に記載したように、同一大きさ
の網目を有する第１網体と第２網体とを互いに平面方向
にずらして支保枠体に配設し、これらの第１、第２網体
の網目の重なりのずれによって細かい網目を形成するこ
とが望ましい。Further, when the sizes of the meshes of the first mesh and the second mesh are different, the mesh of the second mesh is divided into small portions by the vertical and horizontal wires forming the mesh of the first mesh. On the other hand, the mesh of the first mesh is divided into small pieces by the vertical and horizontal wires forming the mesh of the second mesh. Therefore, even if the mesh becomes small as a whole and a small collapse occurs, the small-diameter rock is formed in the tunnel. Can be prevented, but using a first mesh body and a second mesh body having different mesh sizes increases the cost, and therefore, as described in claim 2, the same mesh size is used. Disposing a first net having a mesh and a second net on a support frame so as to be shifted from each other in a plane direction, and forming a fine mesh by a shift in the overlap of the first and second nets; Is desirable.
【００１３】上記第２網体の張設は、支保枠体の上面と
網体受け部材の上面との間の空間部を利用して行うもの
であるが、その際、上方に向かって凸円弧状に湾曲した
前後桁材を断面コ字状の形鋼から形成し、この形鋼の上
側フランジと網体受け部材の端部上面との間の隙間に第
２網体の端部を挿入、支持させることにより該第２網体
を簡単且つ正確に支保桟材上に張設することができると
共にこの第２網体の張設後、第１網体を支保枠体上に固
着する際に、該第１網体の下面が第２網体の上面に当
接、受止された状態となるから、第１網体が妄動するこ
となくその張設作業も容易に且つ正確に行うことができ
る。[0013] The stretched second web material is is performed by utilizing the space between the upper surfaces and mesh member receiving member支保frame, in which the convex circular upward The front and rear girder members curved in an arc shape are formed from a U-shaped cross section steel, and the end of the second net is inserted into a gap between the upper flange of the steel and the end upper surface of the net receiving member, By supporting the second net, the second net can be easily and accurately stretched on the support bar, and when the first net is fixed on the support frame after the second net is stretched. Since the lower surface of the first net is in contact with and received by the upper surface of the second net, the first net can be easily and accurately stretched without delusion. it can.
【００１４】なお、第１、第２網体を支保枠体全面に張
設しておくことなく、岩盤の肌落ちや崩落等が生じ易い
岩質の性状の悪い個所のみに対応させて支保枠体に部分
的に張設しておくこともできる。It is to be noted that the first and second nets are not stretched over the entire support frame body, but are supported only on the poorly-characterized portions of the rock which are liable to fall down or collapse of the rock. It can be partially stretched over the body.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明の具体的な実施の形
態を図面について説明すると、図１〜図３において、ト
ンネル掘削壁面を支持する支保体Ａは、上面がトンネル
掘削壁面の周方向に湾曲した鋼製の平面矩形状の支保枠
体１と、この支保枠体１の凸円弧状に開口した空間を全
面的に覆う互いに上下に重なり合った平面矩形状の第１
網体２と第２網体３と、この第２網体３を支持している
複数本の網体受け部材４とから構成されている。なお、
これらの第１網体２と第２網体３は棒状の金属線材を格
子状に組み合わせることによって形成された同一大きさ
の網目を有する同一の金網体からなり、その網目は大径
の岩石の通過を阻止するが小径の岩石の通過を許容する
比較的大きな網目に形成されている。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a supporting body for supporting a tunnel excavation wall according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. A rectangular support frame 1 made of steel curved in a direction, and a first planar rectangular support vertically overlapping each other that entirely covers a space opened in a convex arc shape of the support frame 1.
It comprises a net 2, a second net 3, and a plurality of net receiving members 4 that support the second net 3. In addition,
The first net 2 and the second net 3 are made of the same wire mesh having the same size mesh formed by combining rod-shaped metal wires in a lattice shape, and the mesh is made of large-diameter rock. A relatively large mesh is formed that blocks passage but allows small rocks to pass.
【００１６】上記辺面矩形状の支保枠体１は、上方に向
かって凸円弧状に湾曲した一定長さの前後桁材1a、1bの
長さ方向の両端間を横長長方形状の板材からなる継手材
1c、1dによって一体に固着してなり、この支保枠体１の
上記前後桁材1a、1bの対向面間にこれらの前後桁材1a、
1bの長さ方向に所定間隔毎に複数本の網体受け部材４、
４・・・を配設してこれらの網体受け部材４の前後両端
面を前後桁材1a、1bの対向面に溶接によって一体に固着
してある。The supporting frame 1 having a rectangular side surface is made of a plate having a horizontally long rectangular shape between both ends in the longitudinal direction of the front and rear beam members 1a and 1b having a predetermined length and curved in a convex arc shape upward. Joint material
1c, 1d, which are integrally fixed to each other, and the front and rear beam members 1a, 1b of the support frame 1 are provided between the facing surfaces of the front and rear beam members 1a, 1b.
A plurality of mesh receiving members 4 at predetermined intervals in the length direction of 1b,
.. Are arranged, and the front and rear end faces of the mesh body receiving member 4 are integrally fixed to the opposing faces of the front and rear girders 1a and 1b by welding.
【００１７】継手材1c、1dと共に支保枠体１を形成して
いる上記前後桁材1a、1bは、一定の上下幅を有するウエ
ブ11の上下端に一側方に向かって一定横幅を有するフラ
ンジ12、13を一体に形成してなる断面コ字状の形鋼から
なり、この形鋼を一定間隔を存して互いにそのフランジ
を対向させた状態で配することにより前後桁材1a、1bを
形成している。また、支保枠体１内に並列状態で配設し
ている上記網体受け部材４は図２に示すように、前後桁
材1a、1bの縦幅よりも短い垂直板部4aの上端に一定幅を
有する水平板部4bを一体に設けた断面逆Ｌ字状に形成さ
れてあり、その水平板部4bの幅方向を前後桁材1a、1bの
長さ方向に平行に向け、且つ該水平板部4bの上面を図３
に示すように、前後桁材1a、1bの上側フランジ12の下面
から上記第２網体３の端部が挿入可能な隙間５を存した
高さ位置となるように支保枠体１の上面から小間隔を存
した状態で配して、その前後両端面を前後桁材1a、1bの
ウエブ11、11の対向面に固着しているものである。The front and rear girder members 1a and 1b forming the support frame 1 together with the joint members 1c and 1d are provided at the upper and lower ends of a web 11 having a constant vertical width at a flange having a constant lateral width toward one side. It consists of a U-shaped cross section formed by integrally forming 12, 13 and the front and rear girder members 1a, 1b are arranged by arranging this section steel with its flanges facing each other at a certain interval. Has formed. As shown in FIG. 2, the mesh receiving members 4 arranged in parallel in the support frame 1 are fixed at the upper ends of the vertical plate portions 4a shorter than the vertical widths of the front and rear beam members 1a and 1b. A horizontal plate portion 4b having a width is formed in an inverted L-shaped cross-section integrally provided, and the width direction of the horizontal plate portion 4b is directed parallel to the length direction of the front and rear beam members 1a, 1b, and FIG. 3 shows the upper surface of the plate portion 4b.
As shown in the figure, the upper end of the support frame 1 is positioned such that the end of the second mesh body 3 is located at a height from the lower surface of the upper flange 12 of the front and rear girder members 1a and 1b with the gap 5 into which the end can be inserted. The front and rear end faces are fixed to the opposing surfaces of the webs 11 and 11 of the front and rear girder members 1a and 1b while being arranged with a small space therebetween.
【００１８】なお、前後桁材1a、1bの両端側に配設され
た網体受け部材4'、4'は、図２に示すように水平板部の
みからなり、その長手方向の端面を継手材1c、1dの対向
面にそれぞれ固着している。６は上記継手材1c、1dに長
さ方向に一定間隔毎に穿設しているボルト取付孔であ
る。The net receiving members 4 ', 4' disposed at both ends of the front and rear beam members 1a, 1b are each composed of only a horizontal plate portion as shown in FIG. The members 1c and 1d are fixed to opposing surfaces, respectively. Reference numeral 6 denotes a bolt mounting hole formed in the joint members 1c and 1d at regular intervals in the length direction.
【００１９】上記第１網体２と第２網体３とは、上述し
たように、金属線材を格子状に組み合わせてなるもので
あるが、いずれの網体においても、それぞれ前後桁材1
a、1b方向に向けた短い金属線材2a、3aを前後桁材1a、1
bの長さ方向に所定間隔毎に配して、この短い金属線材2
a、3a上に継手材1c、1dの長さ方向に所定間隔毎に配し
た長い金属線材2b、3bを重ね合わせてその交差部を溶接
により固着することにより形成されている。そして、長
短の金属線材2a、2b、3a、3bを格子状に組み合わせるこ
とによって形成された第１網体２と第２網体３との網目
2c、3cは同一大きさ、同一形状に形成している。As described above, the first net 2 and the second net 3 are formed by combining metal wires in a lattice shape.
The short metal wires 2a, 3a oriented in the directions a, 1b
b at a predetermined interval in the length direction of this short metal wire 2
The long metal wires 2b, 3b arranged at predetermined intervals in the length direction of the joint members 1c, 1d are overlapped on the a, 3a, and the intersections thereof are fixed by welding. Then, a mesh of the first net 2 and the second net 3 formed by combining the long and short metal wires 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b in a lattice shape.
2c and 3c are formed in the same size and the same shape.
【００２０】さらに、これらの第１網体２と第２網体３
の長さ、即ち、長い金属線材2b、3bの長さは、前後桁材
1a、1bの円弧長よりも僅かに短い長さに形成されてい
て、その短辺側端部、即ち、長い金属線材2b、3bの両端
部が上記継手材1c、1dに固着した支持桁材4'、4'の上面
に達する長さに形成されてあり、前後方向の幅、即ち、
短い金属線材2a、3aの長さは、第１網体２においては前
後桁材1a、1b上にそれぞれ載置し得る寸法に形成されて
いる一方、第２網体３においては前後桁材1a、1bの上側
フランジ12、12の相対する突出端面間の幅よりも長く且
つこの突出端面間の幅と１つのフランジ12の突出長との
和よりも短い寸法に形成されている。Further, the first net 2 and the second net 3
, That is, the length of the long metal wires 2b, 3b
A supporting girder material which is formed to have a length slightly shorter than the arc length of 1a, 1b, and whose short side ends, that is, both ends of long metal wires 2b, 3b are fixed to the joint materials 1c, 1d. 4 ', formed to a length reaching the upper surface of 4', the width in the front-back direction, that is,
The lengths of the short metal wires 2a and 3a are formed in the first net 2 so as to be able to be placed on the front and rear cross beams 1a and 1b, respectively, while the length of the short metal wires 2a and 3a is , 1b are longer than the width between the opposite protruding end faces of the upper flanges 12 and 12 and shorter than the sum of the width between the protruding end faces and the protruding length of one flange 12.
【００２１】そして、第１網体２は、その長辺側端部、
即ち、短い金属線材2aの両端部を支保枠体１の前後桁材
1a、1bにおける上側フランジ12、12の上面間に架設して
該フランジ12、12に溶接によって固着していると共にそ
の短辺側端部、即ち、長い金属線材2bの両端部は図２に
示すように、下方に屈曲させて継手材1c、1dの対向面か
ら突設している上記網体受け部材4'、4'上に溶接するこ
とによって固着している。The first net 2 has a long side end,
That is, the both ends of the short metal wire 2a are connected to the front and rear girders of the support frame 1.
1a and 1b, which are installed between the upper surfaces of the upper flanges 12 and 12 and are fixed to the flanges 12 and 12 by welding and the short side ends thereof, that is, both ends of the long metal wire 2b are shown in FIG. In this manner, the joint members 1c and 1d are fixed by welding downward onto the mesh receiving members 4 'and 4' projecting from the opposing surfaces of the joint members 1c and 1d.
【００２２】一方、第２網体３は短い金属線材3aを支保
枠体１内に配列している上記各網体受け部材４上に載置
してこれらの網体受け部材４に支持させると共に適所を
溶接によって網体受け部材４に固着してあり、長い金属
線材3bの両端部は下方に屈曲させて継手材1c、1dの対向
面から突設している上記網体受け部材4'、4'上に上記第
１網体２の長い金属線材2bと共に溶接することによって
固着している。On the other hand, the second net 3 places the short metal wire 3a on each of the net receiving members 4 arranged in the support frame 1 to be supported by these net receiving members 4. The mesh receiving member 4 ′, which is fixed at an appropriate position to the mesh receiving member 4 by welding, and the both ends of the long metal wire 3 b are bent downward to project from the opposing surfaces of the joint materials 1 c and 1 d, 4 'is fixed together with the long metal wire 2b of the first net 2 by welding.
【００２３】支保枠体１に第１網体２と第２網体３とを
張設するには、先ず、第２網体３を張設したのち、この
第２網体３上に第１網体２を重ね合わせるように張設す
るものであり、その際、これらの第１網体２と第２網体
３とをその網目2c、3cが互いに前後左右方向に網目の大
きさの２分の１ずつずらして重ね合わしている。従っ
て、第１網体２の網目2cは第２網体３の長短の金属線材
3a、3bによって４分割され、第２網体３の網目3cは第１
網体２の長短の金属線材2a、2bによって４分割された細
かい網目構造を構成している。In order to stretch the first net 2 and the second net 3 on the support frame 1, first, the second net 3 is stretched, and then the first net 3 is placed on the second net 3. In this case, the first net 2 and the second net 3 are meshed with each other so that the meshes 2c and 3c have a size of 2 mesh in the front-rear and left-right directions. They are shifted one by one and overlapped. Therefore, the mesh 2c of the first net 2 is a long and short metal wire rod of the second net 3.
3a, 3b, the mesh 3c of the second mesh body 3 is the first mesh.
The net 2 constitutes a fine mesh structure divided into four by the long and short metal wires 2a and 2b.
【００２４】なお、第２網体３を支保枠体１に張設する
には、該第２網体３は上述したようにその幅、即ち、短
い金属線材3aの長さを前後桁材1a、1bの上側フランジ1
2、12の相対する突出端面間の幅よりも長く且つこの突
出端面間の幅と１つのフランジ12の突出長との和よりも
短い寸法に形成しているので、図４に示すようにまず、
その全ての短い金属線材3aの一端部を前後桁材1a、1bに
おける一方の桁材1aの上部フランジ12と網体受け部材４
の水平板部4bとの間の隙間５に挿入したのち、下面全面
を網体受け部材４上に載せ、しかるち、他方の1b側に横
滑りさせて金属線材3aの他端部を他方の桁材1bの上部フ
ランジ12と網体受け部材４の水平板部4bとの間の隙間５
に挿入すればよい。In order to stretch the second net 3 on the support frame 1, the width of the second net 3, that is, the length of the short metal wire 3a is changed to the length of the front and rear girders 1a as described above. , 1b upper flange 1
As shown in FIG. 4, first, as shown in FIG. 4, the first and second flanges 12 and 12 are formed to be longer than the width between the opposite protruding end faces and shorter than the sum of the width between the protruding end faces and the protruding length of one flange 12. ,
One end of each of the short metal wires 3a is connected to the upper flange 12 of one of the beams 1a in the front and rear beams 1a and 1b and the mesh body receiving member 4.
After that, the entire lower surface is placed on the net receiving member 4 and then slid to the other 1b side to connect the other end of the metal wire 3a to the other girder. The gap 5 between the upper flange 12 of the material 1b and the horizontal plate 4b of the net receiving member 4.
Should be inserted in
【００２５】この際、上記隙間５は図３に示すように、
第２網体３の厚みの１／２に相当する隙間、即ち、下側
の金属線材3aのみが挿入可能な隙間に形成されている場
合には、この第２網体３の上面、即ち、上側の長い金属
線材3b上に短い金属線材2aが支持された第１網体２は殆
ど水平状態に張設されるが、図５に示すように、第２網
体３の厚みに相当する隙間５に形成しておいてもよく、
この場合には第１網体２を前後桁材1a、1bの上面に固着
している前後両端部から下方に屈曲させてその下面を第
２網体３の上面に当接、受止させた構造としておく。At this time, as shown in FIG.
When a gap corresponding to a half of the thickness of the second net 3 is formed in the gap into which only the lower metal wire 3a can be inserted, the upper surface of the second net 3, ie, The first net 2 in which the short metal wire 2a is supported on the upper long metal wire 3b is stretched almost horizontally, but as shown in FIG. 5, a gap corresponding to the thickness of the second net 3 is provided. It may be formed in 5,
In this case, the first net 2 was bent downward from the front and rear ends fixed to the upper surfaces of the front and rear girders 1a and 1b, and the lower surface was brought into contact with the upper surface of the second net 3 and received. Structure.
【００２６】このように構成したトンネル支保体を用い
てトンネル掘削機により掘削されたトンネル掘削壁面Ｔ
を支保するには、図６に示すように、この支保体Ａを少
なくとも肌落ちや崩落が生じるトンネル掘削壁面Ｔの上
周壁面部に密着させ、岩盤が弛んでいても崩落が生じな
い側壁面部や下周壁面部には網体が張設していない矩形
状支持枠体１のみからなる支保体A'を密着させてリング
状の支保部材を形成する。The tunnel excavation wall T excavated by the tunnel excavator using the tunnel support body thus constructed.
As shown in FIG. 6, this support body A is adhered to at least the upper peripheral wall portion of the tunnel excavation wall surface T where the skin falls or collapses, and the side wall surface portion where the rock does not collapse even if the rock is loosened, as shown in FIG. A support A 'consisting only of a rectangular support frame 1 having no net is tightly attached to the lower peripheral wall portion to form a ring-shaped support member.
【００２７】この際、第１網体２及び第２網体３を張設
している上記支保体Ａの両側継手材1c、1dに網体が設け
られていない上記支保体A'の対向する継手材を接合して
互いに連通するボルト取付孔６、６間をボルト・ナット
７で連結すると共にこれらの支保体A'、A'間に同じく支
保体A'を介在させて上記同様に互いに接合した継手材同
士をボルト・ナット７で連結することにによりリング状
に組立てる。なお、同図においては４個の支保体から支
保部材を形成しているが４個以上の支保体を組み合わせ
ることによって支保体を構成してもよい。また、第１網
体２及び第２網体３を張設している支保体Ａに連結した
支保体A'の上半部に金網体を張設しておいてもよい。At this time, the support A ', on which the net is not provided, is opposed to the joints 1c, 1d of the support A on which the first net 2 and the second net 3 are stretched. The joint members are joined to connect the bolt mounting holes 6, 6 communicating with each other with a bolt / nut 7, and the support members A ', A' are interposed between the support members A ', A' in the same manner as described above. The joined joint members are connected by bolts and nuts 7 to assemble them into a ring shape. Although the support member is formed from four support members in the drawing, the support member may be formed by combining four or more support members. Further, a wire netting may be provided on the upper half of the support A 'connected to the support A on which the first net 2 and the second net 3 are provided.
【００２８】このように構成した支保部材はトンネル長
さ方向に互いに対向する前後桁材1a、1b同士を接合させ
ながら順次施工され、上周部側に組み込んでいる上記支
保体Ａの第１網体２と第２網体３とによってトンネル掘
削壁面Ｔに生じている肌落ちや崩落し易い性状の悪い岩
盤部を支持し、岩石がトンネル内に崩落しないように支
保しているものであり、さらに、第１網体２と第２網体
３とを互いに前後左右方向にずらして網目全体を細かく
して、小さな岩石がトンネル内に落下するのを抑えてい
る。The support member constructed as described above is successively constructed while joining the front and rear beam members 1a and 1b facing each other in the lengthwise direction of the tunnel, and the first net of the support body A incorporated in the upper peripheral portion side. The body 2 and the second mesh body 3 support a rocky portion of poor quality that easily falls and falls on the tunnel excavation wall surface T, and supports the rock so that the rock does not fall into the tunnel. Further, the first net 2 and the second net 3 are shifted in the front-rear and left-right directions with respect to each other to make the entire mesh fine, thereby preventing small rocks from falling into the tunnel.
【００２９】また、第１網体２を張設している支保枠体
１の上面はトンネル掘削壁面Ｔに直接的に密着して岩盤
部を強固に支持していると共にこの第１網体２は第１網
体２上に重ね合わされ且つ第２網体３は支保枠体１内に
並列状態で配設している複数本の網体受け部材４の水平
板部4b上に受止されているので、これらの網体２、３は
支保枠体１内に弛むことなく、該網体２、３によって肌
落ちや崩落し易い性状の悪い岩盤部を強固に支持するこ
とができる。Further, the upper surface of the support frame 1 on which the first net 2 is stretched directly adheres directly to the tunnel excavation wall surface T to firmly support the bedrock portion and to support the first net 2 Are superimposed on the first net 2 and the second net 3 is received on the horizontal plate portions 4b of the plurality of net receiving members 4 arranged in parallel in the support frame 1. Therefore, the nets 2 and 3 can firmly support a poorly-equipped bedrock that is liable to fall off the skin or collapse without being loosened in the support frame 1.
【００３０】なお、以上の実施例においては、支保枠体
１として前後桁材1a、1bの両端部間に板状の継手材1c、
1dを固着してなる構造としているが、図７に示すよう
に、前後桁材1a、1bのいずれか一方の端部間のみを継手
材1cによって連結し、前後桁材1a、1bの他方の端面には
ボルト取付孔（図示せず）を有する短い継手板1e、1eを
固着しておいてもよい。さらに、第１網体２及び第２網
体３は支保枠体１の全面に張設しておくことなく、一半
部のみに張設しておいてもよい。また、網体受け部材４
は前後桁材1a、1b間に連続して設けることなく、図８に
示すように前後桁材1a、1bの各々から一定長、突出させ
た状態で設けておいてもよい。その他の構造は上記実施
例と同じであるので、同一部分には同一符号を付して詳
細な説明は省略する。In the above embodiment, the support frame 1 is a plate-like joint material 1c between both ends of the front and rear beam members 1a and 1b.
1d is fixed, but as shown in FIG. 7, only one end of the front and rear girder members 1a and 1b is connected by a joint member 1c, and the other of the front and rear girder members 1a and 1b is connected. Short joint plates 1e, 1e each having a bolt mounting hole (not shown) may be fixed to the end face. Further, the first net 2 and the second net 3 may not be stretched over the entire surface of the support frame 1, but may be stretched over only one half. Also, the mesh receiving member 4
Instead of being provided continuously between the front and rear beam members 1a and 1b, they may be provided so as to protrude from the front and rear beam members 1a and 1b by a certain length as shown in FIG. Since other structures are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description is omitted.
【００３１】[0031]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明のトンネル支保体に
よれば、上方に向かって凸円弧状に湾曲した前後桁材の
少なくとも一端間を継手材によって連結することにより
形成された支保枠体と、この支保枠体の長さ方向に所定
間隔毎にその上面が支保枠体の上面よりも下方に位置し
た状態に固着してなる網体受け部材と、上記支保枠体の
前後桁材の上端面間に取り付けられた第１網体と、該第
１網体の下側に配設され、その下面を網体受け部材の上
面に支持されてなる第２網体とから構成しているので、
第１網体はその前後両端部を支保枠体の前後桁材上に直
接受止させた状態で支保枠体に張設されており、第２網
体は支保枠体の上端部内に収めた状態で張設しているか
ら、この第１網体を介して支保枠体を掘削壁面に全面的
に圧接させて支保体自体の支保機能を効果的に発揮させ
ることができる。As described above, according to the tunnel support body of the present invention, the support frame body formed by connecting at least one end of the front and rear girder members curved upwardly in a convex arc shape with the joint member. And a mesh receiving member fixed such that its upper surface is positioned below the upper surface of the support frame at predetermined intervals in the length direction of the support frame, and a front and rear girder member of the support frame. The first mesh body is provided between the upper end surfaces, and the second mesh body is provided below the first mesh body and has a lower surface supported by the upper surface of the mesh body receiving member. So
The first net is stretched over the support frame with its front and rear ends directly received on the front and rear girder members of the support frame, and the second net is housed in the upper end of the support frame. Since the support frame is stretched in this state, the support frame body can be brought into full contact with the excavated wall surface via the first mesh body to effectively exert the support function of the support body itself.
【００３２】また、支保枠体内に並列状態で一体に設け
ている複数の網体受け部材は、その上面を円弧状に湾曲
した支保枠体の上面に合わせることなく該支保枠体の上
面から下方に小間隔を存した位置に配設し、その前後両
端を支保枠体の前後桁材の対向面に固着しているので、
支保枠体の上面に対する位置合わせを行う必要はなく、
網体受け部材を支保枠体に作業性よく装着することがで
きて能率よく製造することができる。その上、第１網体
はその下面を第２網体上に当接、受止させていると共に
第２網体３は網体受け部材上に張設されているので、こ
れらの第１網体及び第２網体は重ね合わせ状態にして網
体受け部材に強固に支持されて下方に弛みを生じること
なく、岩盤の崩落を確実に防止し得るものである。Further, the plurality of mesh receiving members provided integrally in a side-by-side manner in the support frame body may be arranged below the upper surface of the support frame body without aligning the upper surface with the upper surface of the support frame body curved in an arc shape. Because it is arranged at a position with a small interval and the front and rear ends are fixed to the opposing surfaces of the front and rear girder members of the support frame body,
There is no need to align with the top surface of the support frame,
The net receiving member can be mounted on the support frame with good workability, and can be manufactured efficiently. In addition, the first mesh body has its lower surface in contact with and received on the second mesh body, and the second mesh body 3 is stretched on the mesh body receiving member. The body and the second net are placed in a superposed state and firmly supported by the net receiving member, so that the rock can be reliably prevented from falling without causing slack in the downward direction.
【００３３】さらに、第１網体と第２網体とを重ね合わ
せることによってこれらの網体の網目よりも細かい網目
を形成しているので、小崩落が発生しても小径の岩石が
トンネル内に落下するのを防止することができる。この
場合、請求項２に記載したように、同一大きさの網目を
有する第１網体と第２網体とを用い、これらの網体の重
なりのずれによって細かい網目を形成することにより、
比較的網目の大きい安価な網体を持ちいて簡単且つ経済
的に網目の細かい二重網体を構成することができる。Further, since the first mesh and the second mesh are overlapped to form a mesh finer than the mesh of these meshes, even if a small collapse occurs, the small-diameter rock is formed in the tunnel. Can be prevented from falling. In this case, as described in claim 2, the first mesh and the second mesh having the same size of the mesh are used, and a fine mesh is formed by displacement of the overlap of the meshes,
It is possible to easily and economically construct a double mesh body having a fine mesh by using an inexpensive mesh body having a relatively large mesh.
【００３４】また、本発明によれば、上方に向かって凸
円弧状に湾曲した上記前後桁材を断面コ字状の形鋼から
形成し、この形鋼の上側フランジと網体受け部材の端部
上面との間の隙間に第２網体の端部を挿入、支持させて
いるので、該第２網体を簡単且つ正確に支保桟材上に張
設することができると共にこの第２網体の張設後、第１
網体を支保枠体上に固着することによって容易に支保体
を製造することができ、その際、該第１網体の下面が第
２網体の上面に当接、受止された状態となるから、第１
網体が妄動することなくこの第１網体の張設作業も容易
に且つ正確に行うことができる。Further, according to the present invention, the front and rear girders curved upward in a convex arc shape are formed from a U-shaped cross section, and the upper flange of the cross section and the end of the net receiving member are formed. Since the end of the second net is inserted and supported in the gap between the second net and the upper surface of the second net, the second net can be easily and accurately stretched on the support bar, and the second net can be stretched. After stretching the body, the first
The support body can be easily manufactured by fixing the net body on the support frame body. At this time, the state where the lower surface of the first net body abuts on the upper surface of the second net body and is received. Because it becomes the first
The work of stretching the first mesh body can be easily and accurately performed without the net body being perturbed.
【図１】本発明のトンネル支保体の簡略斜視図、FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of a tunnel support of the present invention,
【図２】その縦断正面図、FIG. 2 is a longitudinal front view thereof,
【図３】その縦断側面図、FIG. 3 is a longitudinal side view thereof,
【図４】第２網体の張設方法を説明するための縦断側面
図、FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view for explaining a method of stretching the second net,
【図５】第２網体の張設位置を下方に設けた場合の縦断
側面図、FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional side view when the stretching position of the second net is provided below;
【図６】施工状態を示す簡略正面図、FIG. 6 is a simplified front view showing a construction state;
【図７】本発明の別な実施例を示す簡略斜視図、FIG. 7 is a simplified perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention;
【図８】本発明のさらにな実施例を示す簡略縦断側面、FIG. 8 is a simplified longitudinal side view showing a further embodiment of the present invention;
【図９】従来例を示す簡略斜視図、FIG. 9 is a simplified perspective view showing a conventional example.
【図１０】その縦断側面図。FIG. 10 is a vertical side view thereof.
Ａ 支保体 １ 支保枠体 1a、1b 前後桁材 1c、1d 継手材 ２ 第１網体 ３ 第２網体 ４ 網体受け部材 ５ 隙間 A support body 1 support frame body 1a, 1b front and rear girder members 1c, 1d joint material 2 first net 3 second net 4 net receiving member 5 gap
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭55−132810（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭49−108633（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) E21D 11/14 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-55-132810 (JP, A) JP-A-49-108633 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) E21D 11/14
Claims (2)
も一端間を継手材によって連結することにより形成され
た支保枠体と、この支保枠体の長さ方向に所定間隔毎に
その上面が支保枠体の上面よりも下方に位置した状態に
固着してなる網体受け部材と、上記支保枠体の前後桁材
の上端面間に取り付けられた第１網体と、該第１網体の
下側に配設され、その下面を網体受け部材の上面に支持
されてなる第２網体とからなるトンネル支保体であっ
て、凸円弧状に湾曲した前後桁材は断面コ字状の形鋼か
らなり、この形鋼の上側フランジと上記網体受け部材の
端部上面との間の隙間に上記第２網体の端部を挿入する
ことにより該第２網体を網体受け部材上に張設してあ
り、この第２網体上に両端部が支保枠体の上端面に支持
させた上記第１網体を重ね合わせていることを特徴とす
るトンネル支保体。1. A support frame formed by connecting at least one end of a front and rear girder member curved in a convex arc shape with a joint member, and an upper surface thereof is provided at predetermined intervals in a length direction of the support frame member. A mesh receiving member fixed below the upper surface of the support frame, a first net attached between upper end surfaces of front and rear girder members of the support frame, and the first net; disposed on the lower side of a the lower surface in the tunnel支保body and a second mesh member made is supported on the upper surface of the mesh member receiving member
The front and rear girders curved in a convex arc shape have a U-shaped cross section.
Between the upper flange of this shaped steel and the mesh receiving member.
Insert the end of the second net into the gap between the end upper surface
In this way, the second net is stretched on the net receiving member.
And both ends are supported on the upper end surface of the support frame body on the second mesh body.
A tunnel support, wherein the first nets are overlapped .
２網体とを互いに平面方向にずらして支保枠体に配設す
ることにより、これらの第１、第２網体の網目の重なり
のずれによって細かい網目を形成していることを特徴と
する請求項１に記載のトンネル支保体。2. The first and second meshes having the same size of mesh are arranged on the support frame while being shifted from each other in the plane direction. The tunnel support body according to claim 1, wherein a fine mesh is formed by the shift of the overlap.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27033799A JP3234205B2 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 1999-09-24 | Tunnel support |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27033799A JP3234205B2 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 1999-09-24 | Tunnel support |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001090489A JP2001090489A (en) | 2001-04-03 |
| JP3234205B2 true JP3234205B2 (en) | 2001-12-04 |
Family
ID=17484858
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27033799A Expired - Fee Related JP3234205B2 (en) | 1999-09-24 | 1999-09-24 | Tunnel support |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3234205B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101750908B1 (en) * | 2017-02-01 | 2017-06-29 | 한국건설기술연구원 | System of the shotcrete lining reinforced the adhesion/tension by wire mesh and assembly structure thereof and method setting up the wire mesh to the steel rib for tunnel |
| CN113775355B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-11-29 | 昆明理工大学 | Rock mass stable type supporting device for rock burst prevention in tunnel excavation and construction method thereof |
-
1999
- 1999-09-24 JP JP27033799A patent/JP3234205B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2001090489A (en) | 2001-04-03 |
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