JP3203590U - Earth pressure gauge - Google Patents
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- JP3203590U JP3203590U JP2016000316U JP2016000316U JP3203590U JP 3203590 U JP3203590 U JP 3203590U JP 2016000316 U JP2016000316 U JP 2016000316U JP 2016000316 U JP2016000316 U JP 2016000316U JP 3203590 U JP3203590 U JP 3203590U
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】たわみの少ない薄型扁平形状の土中型土圧計を提供する。【解決手段】土圧計の感度部２に梁の一部のみ薄肉の検知部とした複数のせん断梁２３を土圧に対して水平に配置し、前記せん断梁２３は、一端を受圧板１に固着するとともに他端を支圧板３に固着し、前記受圧板１に垂直土圧が加わると、前記せん断梁２３の側面に垂直土圧に比例したせん断ひずみが生じ、小さいたわみで土圧を検知できる。また、土圧計の感度部２に薄肉部を二カ所とした一対の平行なせん断梁２３とすれば、壁面に平行な方向な土のせん断力が前記受圧板１に同時に働いたとき、水平に配置した前記せん断梁２３の側面に土のせん断力に比例した曲げひずみが独立して同時に発生し、曲げひずみ分も計測することにより土のせん断力を検知できる。【選択図】図１A submerged earth pressure gauge having a thin and flat shape with little deflection is provided. A plurality of shear beams 23 in which only a part of the beam is a thin-walled detection unit are arranged horizontally with respect to the earth pressure in the sensitivity unit 2 of the earth pressure gauge, and one end of the shear beam 23 is attached to the pressure receiving plate 1. When the other end is fixed to the bearing plate 3 and a vertical earth pressure is applied to the pressure receiving plate 1, a shear strain proportional to the vertical earth pressure is generated on the side surface of the shear beam 23, and the earth pressure is detected with a small deflection. it can. Further, if a pair of parallel shear beams 23 having two thin-walled portions are provided in the sensitivity portion 2 of the earth pressure gauge, when the shearing force of the soil in the direction parallel to the wall surface acts on the pressure receiving plate 1 at the same time, A bending strain proportional to the shearing force of the soil is simultaneously generated independently on the side surface of the arranged shear beam 23, and the shearing force of the soil can be detected by measuring the bending strain. [Selection] Figure 1
Description
本考案は、土中や壁面に設置して土圧を検知する土圧計に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a earth pressure gauge that is installed in the soil or on a wall surface to detect earth pressure.
従来、土中に配置する土中土圧計は、受圧板と支圧板に囲まれたＨ／Ｄ≦0.2の扁平外観形状を成し、土圧変化を受圧板と支圧板との間に設けた薄い液圧室の液圧変化を圧力計でとらえる、いわゆる２次ダイアフラム形式と呼ばれる液圧式検出構造をとる。そして、定格圧力（２００ｋ〜１ＭＰａの土圧）が作用した時に生じる理論上のたわみ（受圧板と支圧板との間の相対変位）δがδ／Ｄ≦１０−４となるように作られている。 Conventionally, a soil earth pressure gauge disposed in the soil has a flat appearance shape of H / D ≦ 0.2 surrounded by a pressure receiving plate and a bearing plate, and a soil pressure change is provided between the pressure receiving plate and the bearing plate. A hydraulic pressure detection structure called a so-called secondary diaphragm type, in which the hydraulic pressure change in a thin hydraulic pressure chamber is captured by a pressure gauge, is adopted. The theoretical deflection (relative displacement between the pressure receiving plate and the bearing plate) δ generated when the rated pressure (earth pressure of 200 k to 1 MPa) is applied is made to satisfy δ / D ≦ 10 −4. Yes.
一方、壁面に設置する壁面土圧計は扁平外観形状を必要とせず、支圧板側を壁に取り付けやすいように円筒フランジ型にして使用するものが一般的である。
検出構造は、ダイアフラム型や、ビーム型のロードセルを使用する荷重計型検出構造が多い。
On the other hand, the wall earth pressure gauge installed on the wall surface does not require a flat external shape, and is generally used as a cylindrical flange type so that the bearing plate side can be easily attached to the wall.
As the detection structure, there are many load cell type detection structures using a diaphragm type or beam type load cell.
液圧式検出構造の土圧計は、薄い液圧室への液体の封止方法や、支圧板の内側に圧力計を設けるなどの手間がかかっていた。
このため、荷重計型検出構造で土中の垂直土圧によるたわみをδ／Ｄ≒１０−４程度を確保できるようにすることで、正確な測定を確保する。
The earth pressure gauge of the hydraulic detection structure takes time and effort such as sealing the liquid into a thin hydraulic pressure chamber and providing a pressure gauge inside the bearing plate.
For this reason, accurate measurement is ensured by ensuring that the deflection due to the vertical earth pressure in the soil can be about δ / D≈10 −4 in the load cell type detection structure.
本考案は、同じ荷重計型検出構造で、垂直土圧によるたわみが少ない土中土圧計と壁面土圧計及び、壁面で土が流動化するとき垂直土圧に直交する土のせん断力を検知するせん断力計と、垂直土圧とせん断力を合わせて同時に計測することができる壁面土圧計を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention detects the shear force of soil perpendicular to the vertical earth pressure when the soil fluidizes on the wall, and the soil pressure gauge in the soil and the wall earth pressure gauge with less deflection due to the vertical earth pressure, with the same load cell type detection structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a shear force meter and a wall earth pressure meter capable of simultaneously measuring a vertical earth pressure and a shear force.
上記目的を達成するためになされた本願の第１考案は、土中または壁面に設置する土圧計であって、前記土圧計の感度部に梁の一部のみ薄肉の検知部とした複数の弾性（以後省略）せん断梁を土圧に対して水平に配置し、前記感度部は、一端を受圧板に固着するとともに他端を支圧板に固着し、前記受圧板に垂直土圧が加わると、前記感度部の前記せん断梁の側面に垂直土圧に比例したせん断ひずみが生じ、小さいたわみで土圧を検知できる土圧計を提供する。
本願の第２考案は、感度部を薄肉部を二カ所とした一対の平行なせん断梁とし、支圧板を壁内に固定し、受圧板を壁面に配置し、壁面に平行な方向の土のせん断力が前記受圧板に働いたとき、水平に配置した前記せん断梁の側面に土のせん断力に比例した曲げひずみにより壁面に働くせん断を検知するせん断力計を提供する。
本願の第３考案は、土圧計の感度部を薄肉部を二カ所とした一対の平行なせん断梁とし、支圧板を壁内に固定し、受圧板を壁面に配置し、壁面に垂直な方向の垂直土圧と壁面に平行な方向の土のせん断力が前記受圧板に同時に働いたとき、前記感度部は垂直土圧に比例したせん断ひずみ分と土のせん断力に比例した曲げひずみ分を独立して計測でき垂直土圧とせん断力を同時に検知できる壁面土圧計を提供する。
In order to achieve the above object, a first device of the present application is a soil pressure gauge installed in the soil or on a wall surface, wherein a plurality of elastic members in which only a part of the beam is a thin-walled detection section in the sensitivity section of the soil pressure gauge. (Hereinafter omitted) The shear beam is arranged horizontally with respect to the earth pressure, and the sensitivity part is fixed to the pressure receiving plate at one end and fixed to the bearing plate at the other end, and when vertical earth pressure is applied to the pressure receiving plate, Provided is a earth pressure gauge capable of detecting earth pressure with a small deflection by generating shear strain proportional to vertical earth pressure on the side surface of the shear beam of the sensitivity section.
In the second device of the present application, the sensitivity part is a pair of parallel shear beams with two thin parts, the supporting plate is fixed in the wall, the pressure receiving plate is arranged on the wall surface, and the soil in the direction parallel to the wall surface is arranged. Provided is a shear force meter for detecting a shear acting on a wall surface by a bending strain proportional to a shear force of soil on a side surface of the horizontally arranged shear beam when a shear force acts on the pressure receiving plate.
In the third device of the present application, the sensitivity portion of the earth pressure gauge is a pair of parallel shear beams with two thin wall portions, the bearing plate is fixed in the wall, the pressure receiving plate is arranged on the wall surface, and the direction perpendicular to the wall surface When the vertical earth pressure of the earth and the shearing force of the soil in the direction parallel to the wall surface act simultaneously on the pressure plate, the sensitivity part calculates the shear strain proportionate to the vertical earth pressure and the bending strain proportionate to the shear force of the soil. A wall earth pressure gauge that can measure independently and detect vertical earth pressure and shear force simultaneously is provided.
本考案は、上記した課題を解決するための手段により、次のような効果を得ることができる。
（１）感度部のせん断梁を水平に配置するため、小さいたわみで土圧を検知でき、土中土圧計ではδ／Ｄ≒１０−４が満たされる。
（２）壁面土圧計においてはδ／Ｄ≒１０-3程度であるが、感度部のせん断ひずみと曲げひずみを同時に検知できるため、土圧と土のせん断力をそれぞれ独立にまたは同時に計測できる。
The present invention can obtain the following effects by means for solving the above-described problems.
(1) Since the shear beam of the sensitivity part is arranged horizontally, the earth pressure can be detected with a small deflection, and δ / D≈10 −4 is satisfied in the soil earth pressure gauge.
(2) In the wall earth pressure gauge, δ / D is about 10 −3 , but since the shear strain and bending strain of the sensitive part can be detected simultaneously, the earth pressure and the shear force of the soil can be measured independently or simultaneously.
以下、図面を参照しながら本考案の実施の形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
＜１＞土中土圧計
本考案の土中土圧計は、土中に埋設して土圧を検知するものである。
本考案の土中土圧計は、土圧を受ける受圧板１と、受圧板１に作用した土圧を検知する感度部２と、受圧板１および感度部２を支持する支圧板３と、からなる（図１）。支圧板３は周囲に気密周壁部３１を形成して、受圧板１との間にＯリングなどの気密材を配置する。
感度部２は、一端に受圧板固定部２１を設けて受圧板１に固着する。また、他端に支圧板固定部２２を設けて支圧板３に固着する。
感度部２にせん断検知用のひずみゲージ４を貼り付けて、ひずみゲージ４により感度部２のせん断ひずみを検知し、土圧を計測する。
受圧板１と支圧板３間の土圧による相対変位をたわみ（δ）は、感度部２の両端がそれぞれ受圧板１および支圧板３に固着されてはさまれており、また、受圧板１および支圧板３ともに中央を厚肉とすることにより、受圧板１および支圧板３が平行を維持したまま、感度部２にたわみ（δ）が伝わる。
<1> Underground earth pressure gauge The underground earth pressure gauge of the present invention is embedded in the earth to detect earth pressure.
The earth pressure gauge of the present invention includes a pressure receiving plate 1 that receives earth pressure, a
The
A strain gauge 4 for shear detection is attached to the
The relative displacement (δ) due to the earth pressure between the pressure receiving plate 1 and the
＜２＞感度部
図２は、感度部２のせん断梁２３の説明図である。
感度部２およびせん断梁２３を図２ａの形状とし、高さ一定の単純梁とみなす。
図２ａのせん断梁２３は、不可点（Ｆ）と反力点（Ｒ）との間では、せん断力は一定となる（図２ｂ）。
しかし、せん断力が一定でも図２ｂに示すように、せん断応力またはせん断ひずみは、せん断梁２３の断面形状により変化する。
<2> Sensitivity Part FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the
The
The
However, even if the shearing force is constant, as shown in FIG. 2 b, the shearing stress or shearing strain changes depending on the cross-sectional shape of the
＜３＞せん断梁の断面構造
図３をもとに、せん断梁２３の断面形状を説明する。
せん断梁２３の高さは全て同じ（ｈ）とする。
図３ａに比べて、図３ｂのようにせん断梁２３を複数とすることで、同じたわみで複数の梁に分担させることができる。
また、せん断梁２３の長さを短くすることで、せん断梁２３のたわみを最小化することができる。
この図３ｄのように、せん断梁２３の一部のみを薄肉とし、土圧に対して水平に配置することが好適である。
本考案の土中土圧計は、ダムや高速道路、堤防などの盛土構造物中に埋設して土中の土圧を計測するものである。
土中土圧計においては、正確な圧力を得るためにはδ／Ｄ≦１０−４が望ましいとされている。
土中土圧計のＤをφ２００ｍｍとし、図３ｄのたわみｄ３＝ｄ１／８＝δ＝０．０２であれば、δ／Ｄ≒１０−４が満たされる。
<3> Cross-sectional Structure of Shear Beam The cross-sectional shape of the
All the heights of the
Compared to FIG. 3a, by using a plurality of
Further, by shortening the length of the
As shown in FIG. 3d, it is preferable that only a part of the
The earth pressure gauge of the present invention is embedded in an embankment structure such as a dam, a highway, and a dike and measures the earth pressure in the earth.
In the earth pressure gauge, δ / D ≦ 10 −4 is desirable in order to obtain an accurate pressure.
If D of the soil earth pressure gauge is φ200 mm and the deflection d3 = d1 / 8 = δ = 0.02 in FIG. 3d, δ / D≈10 −4 is satisfied.
＜４＞壁面土圧計
本考案の壁面土圧計は、壁面に設置して壁面に作用する土圧を検知するものである。
本考案の壁面土圧計は、土圧を受ける壁面に配置する受圧板１と、受圧板１に作用した土圧を検知する感度部２と、受圧板１および感度部２を支持する支圧板３と、からなる（図４）。支圧板３は壁内に固定する。支圧板３は周囲に気密周壁部３１を形成して、受圧板１との間にＯリングなどの気密材を配置する。
感度部２は、一端に受圧板固定部２１を設けて受圧板１に固着する。また、他端に支圧板固定部２２を設けて支圧板３に固着する。
感度部２にせん断検知用のひずみゲージ４を貼り付けて、ひずみゲージ４により感度部２のせん断ひずみを検知し、土圧を計測する。
受圧板１と支圧板３間の土圧による相対変位をたわみ（δ）は、感度部２の両端がそれぞれ受圧板１および支圧板３に固着されてはさまれており、また、受圧板１を厚肉とすることにより、受圧板１および支圧板３が平行を維持したまま、感度部２にたわみ（δ）が伝わる。
<4> Wall Pressure Manometer The wall earth pressure meter of the present invention is installed on a wall surface to detect earth pressure acting on the wall surface.
The wall earth pressure gauge of the present invention includes a pressure receiving plate 1 disposed on a wall surface that receives earth pressure, a
The
A strain gauge 4 for shear detection is attached to the
The relative displacement (δ) due to the earth pressure between the pressure receiving plate 1 and the
＜５＞せん断梁の断面構造
壁面土圧計の感度部２のせん断梁２３の形状を図５に示すように平行せん断梁２４の形状とする。
せん断梁２４は２対の薄肉部が設けてあり薄肉部の表面および裏面（合計八カ所）にひずみゲージ４を貼り付けることができる。
これにより、感度部２に作用するせん断ひずみと同時に曲げひずみも独立して計測することができるため、受圧板に１に作用する土圧と土のせん断力を独立又は同時に計測できる。
<5> Cross-sectional Structure of Shear Beam The shape of the
The
Thereby, since the bending strain can be measured independently at the same time as the shear strain acting on the
壁面土圧計は、鋼板、石垣、コンクリート等の壁構造物で土砂の浸入を防ぐ時等に壁面が受ける圧力を計測するものである。
壁面土圧計においては、δ／Ｄ≦１０−3程度でもよいとされ、壁面土圧計のＤをφ１００ｍｍ程度でものでもこの要求がみたされる。
The wall earth pressure gauge measures the pressure applied to the wall surface when preventing the intrusion of earth and sand with a wall structure such as a steel plate, stone wall, concrete and the like.
In the wall earth pressure gauge, δ / D ≦ 10 −3 may be acceptable, and this requirement is satisfied even when the wall earth pressure gauge has a D of about φ100 mm.
＜６＞土のせん断力の計測
本考案の壁面土圧計は、土圧と土のせん断力を同時に計測することができる。
たとえば、地すべり斜面の傾斜面（地すべり斜面模型試験面）や、各種シールド掘削機の切羽やチャンバー等では土砂は流動化して移動するため、移動する土砂と壁面間の摩擦により土砂のせん断力が発生する。本考案の壁面土圧計は、単体の土圧計により、土圧とせん断力を同時に計測する。
<6> Measurement of soil shearing force The wall earth pressure gauge of the present invention can simultaneously measure earth pressure and soil shearing force.
For example, earth and sand are fluidized and moved on the slope of a landslide slope (landslide slope model test surface) and the face and chamber of various shield excavators. To do. The wall earth pressure gauge of the present invention measures earth pressure and shear force simultaneously with a single earth pressure gauge.
Ｄ 土圧計の受圧面直径
Ｈ 土中土圧計の厚み
１ 受圧板
２ 感度部
２１ 受圧板固定部
２２ 支圧板固定部
２３ せん断梁
２４ 平行せん断梁
３ 支圧板
３１ 気密周壁部
４ ひずみゲージ
D Pressure-receiving surface diameter of earth pressure gauge Thickness of earth pressure gauge 1 Pressure-receiving
Claims (3)
前記土圧計の感度部に梁の一部のみ薄肉の検知部とした複数のせん断梁を土圧に対して水平に配置し、
前記感度部は、一端を受圧板に固着するとともに他端を支圧板に固着し、
前記受圧板に垂直土圧が加わると、前記感度部の前記せん断梁の側面に垂直土圧に比例したせん断ひずみが生じ、小さいたわみで土圧を検知できる土圧計。 An earth pressure gauge installed in the soil or on the wall,
A plurality of shear beams, which are thin-walled detection portions of only a part of the beam, are arranged horizontally with respect to the earth pressure in the sensitivity unit of the earth pressure gauge,
The sensitivity part has one end fixed to the pressure receiving plate and the other end fixed to the bearing plate.
When a vertical earth pressure is applied to the pressure receiving plate, a shear strain proportional to the vertical earth pressure is generated on the side surface of the shear beam of the sensitive portion, and the earth pressure gauge can detect the earth pressure with a small deflection.
支圧板を壁内に固定し、
受圧板を壁面に配置し、
壁面に平行な方向の土のせん断力が前記受圧板に働いたとき、水平に配置した前記せん断梁の側面に土のせん断力に比例した曲げひずみにより壁面に働くせん断を検知するせん断力計。 The sensitivity part is a pair of parallel shear beams with two thin parts,
Fix the bearing plate in the wall,
Place the pressure plate on the wall,
A shear force meter for detecting a shear acting on a wall surface by a bending strain proportional to the shear force of the soil on a side surface of the shear beam arranged horizontally when a shear force of the soil in a direction parallel to the wall surface acts on the pressure receiving plate.
支圧板を壁内に固定し、
受圧板を壁面に配置し、
壁面に垂直な方向の垂直土圧と壁面に平行な方向の土のせん断力が前記受圧板に同時に働いたとき、前記感度部は垂直土圧に比例したせん断ひずみ分と土のせん断力に比例した曲げひずみ分を独立して計測でき垂直土圧とせん断力を同時に検知できる壁面土圧計。 The sensitivity part of the earth pressure gauge is a pair of parallel shear beams with two thin parts,
Fix the bearing plate in the wall,
Place the pressure plate on the wall,
When the vertical earth pressure in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface and the shearing force of the soil in the direction parallel to the wall surface act on the pressure plate at the same time, the sensitivity section is proportional to the shear strain proportional to the vertical earth pressure and the soil shearing force. A wall earth pressure gauge that can measure the vertical bending stress and shear force simultaneously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016000316U JP3203590U (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | Earth pressure gauge |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016000316U JP3203590U (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | Earth pressure gauge |
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| JP3203590U true JP3203590U (en) | 2016-04-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110132463A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of wireless signal transmission ball-type soil pressure sensor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110132463A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-16 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of wireless signal transmission ball-type soil pressure sensor |
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