JP3184733B2 - Detection method and detection device using vibration - Google Patents
Detection method and detection device using vibrationInfo
- Publication number
- JP3184733B2 JP3184733B2 JP06080595A JP6080595A JP3184733B2 JP 3184733 B2 JP3184733 B2 JP 3184733B2 JP 06080595 A JP06080595 A JP 06080595A JP 6080595 A JP6080595 A JP 6080595A JP 3184733 B2 JP3184733 B2 JP 3184733B2
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- vibration
- pull
- salt water
- detecting
- vibration system
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、振動を利用した検出方
法および検出装置、特に共通する要素が存在するために
相互作用を及ぼす２つの振動系における引き込み現象を
利用したものに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a detection method and a detection apparatus using vibration, and more particularly to a detection method and a detection apparatus using two vibration systems which interact due to the presence of a common element.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、長さ、重さ、時間、その他の
物理的測定や、化学分析などの化学的測定が行われてい
る。そして、このような測定の精度が上昇すれば、この
測定値を利用した制御の精度を上昇する等の効果が得ら
れる。コンピュータ技術の進歩などに伴って、得られた
データの加工技術は飛躍的に進歩しているが、その結果
の信頼度は基となるデータの信頼度による。このため、
その基となるデータを得るための計測技術の重要性は、
ますます大きくなっている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, length, weight, time, and other physical measurements and chemical measurements such as chemical analysis have been performed. Then, if the accuracy of such a measurement increases, effects such as an increase in the accuracy of control using the measured value can be obtained. With the advancement of computer technology, etc., the technology of processing the obtained data has been dramatically improved, but the reliability of the result depends on the reliability of the underlying data. For this reason,
The importance of measurement technology to obtain the underlying data is
It is getting bigger and bigger.
【０００３】そこで、各種の計測装置においてさらに精
度を上昇するための研究がなされている。また、高分子
膜などを利用して、従来は計測できなかった物質の濃度
を計測する素子を開発するなどの研究も行われている。[0003] Therefore, researches have been made to further improve the accuracy of various measuring devices. In addition, research has been conducted to develop an element for measuring the concentration of a substance that could not be measured conventionally using a polymer film or the like.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、従来の計測技
術は、長さ、大きさ、濃度等の絶対値の計測精度を上昇
することを考えている。一方、実際に計測においては、
計測対象が所定の許容範囲内に入っているかを知りたい
場合も多い。例えば、工場における製品の品質検査など
では、計測値が許容範囲内に収まっているか否かを判定
する場合も多い。このような場合に、従来の技術では、
計測結果を所定の２つのしきい値と比較し許容範囲内に
あるかを判定することになるが、このためには、２回の
判定が必要となるという問題点があった。また、各種の
電気的な信号を出力する計測装置では、その出力は絶対
値ではない。このため、正確な出力を得るためには、煩
雑な較正作業を行わなければならないという問題点があ
った。However, the conventional measuring technique is intended to increase the measuring accuracy of absolute values such as length, size, and density. On the other hand, in actual measurement,
In many cases, it is desired to know whether the measurement target is within a predetermined allowable range. For example, in a quality inspection of a product in a factory or the like, it is often determined whether or not a measured value is within an allowable range. In such a case, in the conventional technology,
The measurement result is compared with two predetermined threshold values to determine whether the measurement result is within the allowable range. However, this involves a problem that two determinations are required. In a measuring device that outputs various electrical signals, the output is not an absolute value. For this reason, there has been a problem that a complicated calibration operation must be performed in order to obtain an accurate output.
【０００５】本発明は、上記問題点を解決するためにな
されたものであり、許容範囲内にあるか否かの判定を容
易に行える振動を利用した検出方法および装置を提供す
ることを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a detection method and apparatus utilizing vibration which can easily determine whether or not the vibration is within an allowable range. I do.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、媒体を介し接
続され、この媒体を介し相互作用する２つ以上の振動系
を含み、１つの振動系の振動と他の振動系における振動
とが同期して両者の振動数および位相がそろう引き込み
現象が起こるか否かによって、上記２つ以上の振動系の
構成要素の類似性を検出することを特徴とする。なお、
引き込み現象とは、媒体を介し接続され、この媒体を介
し相互作用する２つ以上の振動系を含み、１つの振動系
の振動と他の振動系における振動とが同期して両者の振
動数および位相がそろうことをいう。 According to the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a medium via a medium.
It is continued, include two or more vibration system interact through the medium, the vibration in the vibration and other vibration system of one vibration system
The similarity between the components of the two or more vibration systems is detected by determining whether or not a pull-in phenomenon in which the frequencies and phases of the two are synchronized in synchronization with each other occurs. In addition,
The pull-in phenomenon refers to the connection through a medium and the
One or more oscillating systems including two or more interacting oscillating systems
And the vibrations of the other vibration systems are synchronized.
It means that the numbers and phases are the same.
【０００７】本発明は、一方の振動系を予め分かってい
る標準構成要素で形成し、他方の振動系の構成要素が標
準構成要素に対し所定の範囲内にあるかを検出すること
を特徴とする。The present invention is characterized in that one of the vibration systems is formed of standard components known in advance, and it is detected whether or not the components of the other vibration system are within a predetermined range with respect to the standard components. I do.
【０００８】本発明は、上記１つの振動系における予め
分かっている濃度の液体に対し、他の振動系の液体の濃
度が所定の範囲内にあるかを検出することを特徴とす
る。The present invention is characterized by detecting whether the concentration of a liquid in another vibration system is within a predetermined range with respect to a liquid having a known concentration in one vibration system.
【０００９】本発明は、上記１つの振動系における予め
分かっている穴の大きさに対し、他の振動系の穴の大き
さが所定の範囲内にあるかを検出することを特徴とす
る。The present invention is characterized in that it is detected whether the size of a hole of another vibration system is within a predetermined range with respect to the size of a hole known in advance in the one vibration system.
【００１０】本発明は、上記引き込みは現象が起こった
か否かを少なくとも１つの振動系の振動数の変化により
検出することを特徴とする。The present invention is characterized in that whether or not the pull-in phenomenon has occurred is detected by a change in the frequency of at least one vibration system.
【００１１】本発明は、媒体を介し接続され、この媒体
を介し相互作用する２つ以上の振動系と、１つの振動系
の振動と他の振動系における振動とが同期して両者の振
動数および位相がそろう引き込み現象が起こるか否かを
検出する検出手段と、を有し、上記検出手段の検出結果
によって、上記２つの振動系の構成要素の類似性を検出
することを特徴とする。The present invention is connected via a medium, the medium
Two or more oscillating systems interacting via
And the vibrations of the other vibration systems are synchronized.
Detecting means for detecting whether or not a pulling phenomenon in which the number of phases and the phase are synchronized occurs, and detecting the similarity between the components of the two vibration systems based on the detection result of the detecting means. I do.
【００１２】本発明は、上記検出手段は、引き込み現象
が起こったか否かを少なくとも１つの振動系の振動数の
変化により検出することを特徴とする。The present invention is characterized in that the detection means detects whether or not a pull-in phenomenon has occurred based on a change in the frequency of at least one vibration system.
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】２つ以上の振動系において、相互作用が存在す
ると、これら振動系に引き込み現象が発生する可能性が
ある。この引き込み現象は、複数の振動系の構成要素が
所定以上似ているときにのみ起こる。そこで、引き込み
現象が発生したかを検出することで、２つ以上の振動系
の構成要素の類似性を検出することができる。When there is an interaction between two or more vibration systems, a pull-in phenomenon may occur in these vibration systems. This pull-in phenomenon occurs only when the components of the plurality of vibration systems are similar to each other by a predetermined amount or more. Therefore, by detecting whether or not the pull-in phenomenon has occurred, it is possible to detect the similarity between the components of two or more vibration systems.
【００１４】１つの振動系を標準とすれば、他方の振動
系の構成要素が標準に対し所定以上類似しているかを判
定することができる。If one vibration system is set as a standard, it is possible to determine whether or not the components of the other vibration system are similar to the standard by a predetermined degree or more.
【００１５】例えば、１つの振動系が標準濃度の液体を
有していれば、他の振動系の液体が標準濃度に対し所定
範囲内にあるかを引き込みが発生するかで判定すること
ができる。また、１つの振動系における穴の大きさが分
かっていれば、他の振動系の穴の大きさが所定範囲内に
あるかを引き込みが発生するかで判定することができ
る。For example, if one vibrating system has a liquid of a standard concentration, it can be determined whether the liquid of another vibrating system is within a predetermined range with respect to the standard concentration based on whether a pull-in occurs. . Also, if the size of the hole in one vibration system is known, it can be determined whether the size of the hole in another vibration system is within a predetermined range based on whether the pull-in occurs.
【００１６】２つ以上の振動系に引き込み現象が発生し
た場合、これら振動系の振動が同期するようになる。そ
して、引き込みによって２以上の振動系が同期した場合
には、振動数（周期）が引き込みのない時とは異なった
ものになる。そこで、この振動数の変化により、引き込
み現象が起こっているか否か検出できる。When a pull-in phenomenon occurs in two or more vibration systems, the vibrations of these vibration systems are synchronized. When two or more vibration systems are synchronized by pulling, the frequency (period) is different from that when there is no pulling. Therefore, it is possible to detect whether or not a pull-in phenomenon has occurred, based on the change in the frequency.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例について、図面に基づ
いて説明する。図１は、本発明の検出システムの一例を
示す図であり、容器１０内には、純水（導電率を所定値
に維持するために、若干のＫＣｌが溶解されている）が
収容されている。また、この純水中に３つの塩水容器１
２、１４、１６が配置されており、これら塩水容器１
２、１４、１６内には、食塩水が収容されている。そし
て、塩水容器１２、１４、１６の底部には、穴１８、２
０、２２がそれぞれ設けられている。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the detection system of the present invention. In a container 10, pure water (some KCl is dissolved to maintain the conductivity at a predetermined value) is stored. I have. In addition, three brine containers 1 in this pure water
2, 14 and 16 are arranged, and these salt water containers 1
A saline solution is stored in 2, 14, and 16. Holes 18, 2, 2 are provided at the bottoms of the brine containers 12, 14, 16.
0 and 22 are provided respectively.
【００１８】また、容器１０の純水内には電極２４が挿
入配置され、各塩水容器１２、１４、１６の食塩水内に
は、電極２６、２８、３０が挿入配置されている。そし
て、電圧計３２、３４、３６には、電極２４が接続され
ると共に、電極２６、２８、３０がそれぞれ接続されて
おり、各電圧計３２、３４、４６において、容器１０内
の純水に対する各塩水容器１２、１４、１６内の食塩水
を電位が測定される。さらに、各電圧計３２、３４、３
６には、記録計３８が接続されており、ここにおいて各
電圧計３２、３４、３６の測定値が記録される。The electrode 24 is inserted and arranged in the pure water of the container 10, and the electrodes 26, 28 and 30 are inserted and arranged in the saline solution of each of the salt water containers 12, 14 and 16. The electrodes 24 are connected to the voltmeters 32, 34, and 36, and the electrodes 26, 28, and 30 are connected to the voltmeters 32, 34, and 46, respectively. The potential of the saline solution in each of the saline containers 12, 14, 16 is measured. Furthermore, each voltmeter 32, 34, 3
6, a recorder 38 is connected, where the measured values of the voltmeters 32, 34, 36 are recorded.
【００１９】なお、この例において、電極２４、２６、
２８、３０は、Ａｇ／ＡｇＣｌ電極である。また、食塩
水の濃度は３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、塩水容器の厚みｄ＝０．５ｍ
ｍ、塩水容器の内径６０ｍｍ、水面から塩水容器の底面
までの距離ｈはほぼ４０ｍｍ、塩水容器内の液面から底
面までの距離ｘはほぼ３６ｍｍである。In this example, the electrodes 24, 26,
Reference numerals 28 and 30 denote Ag / AgCl electrodes. Further, the concentration of the salt solution is 3 mol / L, and the thickness d of the salt water container is 0.5 m.
m, the inner diameter of the salt water container is 60 mm, the distance h from the water surface to the bottom surface of the salt water container is approximately 40 mm, and the distance x from the liquid surface to the bottom surface in the salt water container is approximately 36 mm.
【００２０】ここで、本実施例では、各塩水容器１２、
１４、１６により、塩水振動子Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃが形成され
る。そこで、まず塩水容器１２が１つだけ、設けられた
場合、すなわち１つの塩水振動子の挙動について説明す
る。図２に示すように、１Ｌの容器１０に水を収容し、
この中に直径１ｍｍの穴１８を開けたプラスチック製の
塩水容器１２を半分沈めて固定する。これを放置する
と、図３に示すように穴１８を通して食塩水が下向きに
流れ出し、それが止まった後に純水が上向きに流れ込
み、またそれが止まった後に食塩水が下向きに流れ出す
というように、上向きの流れと下向きの流れが自発的に
交互に起こり、流れの様子が周期的な上下振動になる。
この上下振動は、目による観察で確認することができ
る。Here, in this embodiment, each of the salt water containers 12,
The salt water oscillators A, B, and C are formed by 14 and 16. Therefore, the case where only one salt water container 12 is provided, that is, the behavior of one salt water oscillator will be described first. As shown in FIG. 2, water is stored in a 1 L container 10,
A plastic salt water container 12 having a hole 18 having a diameter of 1 mm is half immersed therein and fixed. When this is allowed to stand, the saline solution flows downward through the hole 18 as shown in FIG. 3, the pure water flows upward after it stops, and the saline solution flows downward after it stops. And a downward flow occur spontaneously and alternately, and the state of the flow becomes a periodic vertical oscillation.
This vertical vibration can be confirmed by visual observation.
【００２１】また、Ａｇ／ＡｇＣｌ電極２４、２６を用
いて、流れの上下振動に伴う食塩水の電位を検出すれ
ば、図４に示すように流れの上下振動に伴い電位振動が
起こる。従って、振動を電圧計により、検出することが
できる。なお、図４の例は、穴１８の直径を１．２ｍｍ
としたものであり、周期は１０秒であった。When the potential of the saline solution accompanying the vertical vibration of the flow is detected by using the Ag / AgCl electrodes 24 and 26, the potential vibration is generated in accordance with the vertical vibration of the flow as shown in FIG. Therefore, the vibration can be detected by the voltmeter. In the example of FIG. 4, the diameter of the hole 18 is 1.2 mm.
The cycle was 10 seconds.
【００２２】このように、純水と食塩水を用いて塩水振
動子が構成され、この塩水振動子において、非線形の振
動が発生する。As described above, the salt water oscillator is formed by using the pure water and the salt water, and nonlinear vibration occurs in the salt water oscillator.
【００２３】ここで、本実施例では、図１に示すよう
に、１つの容器１０内に３つの塩水容器１２、１４、１
６を配置している。そこで、純水を共用するため相互作
用のある塩水振動子が３つ形成されている。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, three saline water containers 12, 14, 1
6 are arranged. Therefore, three salt water oscillators that interact with each other to share pure water are formed.
【００２４】しかし、以下の説明では塩水容器１２、１
４からなる２つの塩水振動子Ａ，Ｂを有する系における
実験結果について最初に説明する。However, in the following description, the salt water containers 12, 1
First, an experimental result in a system having two salt water oscillators A and B consisting of No. 4 will be described.
【００２５】この実験では、塩水容器１２の穴１８の径
を例えば１．８ｍｍに固定しておき、塩水容器１４の穴
２０の径を１．６〜２．０５ｍｍに変更した。すると、
２つの穴１８、２０の径が近い場合には、引き込み現象
が起こり、両振動子Ａ，Ｂ振動が同期することが分かっ
た。すなわち、２つの塩水振動子Ａ，Ｂの振動数（周
期）および位相がが引き込み現象によって同一になる。
さらに、この引き込み現象により振動が同期した場合に
は、振動の周期が変化する。In this experiment, the diameter of the hole 18 of the salt water container 12 was fixed to, for example, 1.8 mm, and the diameter of the hole 20 of the salt water container 14 was changed to 1.6 to 2.05 mm. Then
When the diameters of the two holes 18 and 20 were close to each other, it was found that a pull-in phenomenon occurred, and the vibrations of both vibrators A and B were synchronized. That is, the frequencies (periods) and phases of the two salt water vibrators A and B become the same due to the pull-in phenomenon.
Further, when the vibrations are synchronized by the pull-in phenomenon, the cycle of the vibration changes.
【００２６】まず、塩水振動子を１つだけで動作させた
場合、その振動の周期は、穴の大きさによって、図５に
示すように変化する。塩水容器１２の穴径は１．８ｍｍ
であり、これを単独で振動させた場合の周期は３．４０
ｓｅｃになる。一方、塩水容器１４からなる塩水振動子
Ｂの穴径は１．６〜２．０５ｍｍであり、これを単独で
振動させた場合の周期は２．８〜４．２ｓｅｃになる。First, when only one salt water vibrator is operated, the period of the vibration changes as shown in FIG. 5 depending on the size of the hole. The hole diameter of the salt water container 12 is 1.8 mm
The cycle when this is independently vibrated is 3.40.
sec. On the other hand, the hole diameter of the salt water vibrator B composed of the salt water container 14 is 1.6 to 2.05 mm, and the cycle when this is vibrated alone is 2.8 to 4.2 sec.
【００２７】そして、この２つの塩水振動子Ａ，Ｂを同
一の純水中で振動させると、上述したように、引き込み
現象が起こり、この引き込み現象が起こった時に、周期
が変化する。すなわち、図６に示すように、振動子Ａに
おける振動の周期が、振動子Ｂの穴径が１．８０±０．
０７ｍｍ、すなわち穴径の比が、１．０±０．０２の範
囲で、周期が０．３ｓｅｃ程度（１０％）短くなること
が分かった。When the two salt water oscillators A and B are vibrated in the same pure water, a pull-in phenomenon occurs as described above, and the cycle changes when the pull-in phenomenon occurs. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the period of the vibration in the vibrator A is set to 1.80 ± 0.
It was found that the period was shortened by about 0.3 sec (10%) when the hole diameter ratio was in the range of 1.0 ± 0.02 mm, that is, in the range of 0.7 mm.
【００２８】そこで、塩水振動子Ａに予め穴径の分かっ
た塩水容器１２を標準とし、塩水振動子Ｂに穴径の分か
っていない被測定物である塩水容器１４を配置すれば、
引き込み現象が起こるか否かで、穴径が標準の穴径に対
し±２％の範囲にあるかを判定できる。Therefore, the salt water container 12 having a hole diameter known in advance is used as a standard in the salt water oscillator A, and the salt water container 14 which is an object to be measured whose hole diameter is unknown is arranged in the salt water oscillator B.
Whether or not the pull-in phenomenon occurs can determine whether the hole diameter is within a range of ± 2% of the standard hole diameter.
【００２９】このように、本実施例では、穴径が標準に
対し、所定範囲内にあるか否かを一度の判定で行うこと
ができる。特に、周期の変化は１０％程度とかなり大き
くその判定が容易である。また、この判定は、標準と比
較した絶対値としての判定であるため、煩雑な較正の作
業が不要である。As described above, in this embodiment, it can be determined by a single determination whether or not the hole diameter is within a predetermined range with respect to the standard. In particular, the change in the cycle is as large as about 10%, and the judgment is easy. In addition, since this determination is a determination as an absolute value compared with the standard, a complicated calibration operation is not required.
【００３０】また、図１に示した例では、３つの塩水振
動子Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃを設けている。このように、３つの振動
子を設けた場合、３つの振動子において、引き込みが起
こり、３つとも同位相、同周期で振動する。この場合、
振動の周期は２．９７ｓｅｃであり、塩水振動子が２つ
の時より、周期がより小さくなる。In the example shown in FIG. 1, three salt water oscillators A, B and C are provided. As described above, when three vibrators are provided, pull-in occurs in the three vibrators, and all three vibrate in the same phase and the same cycle. in this case,
The period of the vibration is 2.97 sec, and the period is smaller than when the number of the salt water vibrators is two.
【００３１】なお、実験によれば、塩水振動子を１つず
つ独立に振動させると、その振動は２０分以上継続し
た。そして、３つの振動子を同時に振動させると引き込
み現象が起こり、数１０秒から数分後に３つとも同周
期、同位相になり、この振動は５分〜１０分間継続し
た。また、３つの振動子のうち２つを同時に振動させた
場合（残りの１つは穴をふさぐ）も、同様に引き込み現
象が起こり、同周期、同位相で５〜２０分間振動が続い
た。このときの振動の周期はほぼ３．１８ｓｅｃとな
り、単独の場合と３つの振動子が引き込んだ場合の中間
の値であった。従って、塩水振動子の数を増加して、検
出する許容範囲を狭くすることができる。According to the experiment, when the salt water vibrators were independently vibrated one by one, the vibration continued for 20 minutes or more. When the three vibrators were simultaneously vibrated, a pull-in phenomenon occurred, and after several tens of seconds to several minutes, all three had the same period and the same phase, and this vibration continued for 5 minutes to 10 minutes. Also, when two of the three vibrators were simultaneously vibrated (the remaining one closed the hole), the pull-in phenomenon occurred similarly, and the vibration continued for the same period and the same phase for 5 to 20 minutes. The cycle of the vibration at this time was approximately 3.18 sec, which was an intermediate value between the case of the single case and the case of the three vibrators being retracted. Therefore, it is possible to increase the number of salt water oscillators and narrow the allowable range for detection.
【００３２】さらに、この振動系の安定性を調べるた
め、擾乱を与えて強制的に位相をずらした、擾乱は穴を
塞いで振動を止めたり、ピペットで食塩水を追加するこ
とにより与えた。食塩水を追加すると、水面の釣り合い
の高さになるまで下向きの流れが続き、そのあいだ振動
が中断される。擾乱を与えた時点から数１０秒〜数分後
に、再び周期も位相も一致してそのまま振動が続くこと
が確認され、同位相の引き込みが安定であることが分か
った。Further, in order to examine the stability of the vibration system, the phase was forcibly shifted by applying a disturbance. The disturbance was provided by closing the hole to stop the vibration, or adding a saline solution with a pipette. With the addition of saline, the downward flow continues until the water level is balanced, during which vibration is interrupted. Several tens seconds to several minutes after the disturbance was applied, it was confirmed that the cycle and the phase again coincided and the vibration continued, and it was found that the pull-in of the same phase was stable.
【００３３】擾乱を与えてから再び周期と位相が一致す
るまでの間に、１〜２分の短時間ではあるが、位相がず
れた引き込みが現れることがある。位相のずれは、３つ
の振動子の場合２π／３（２π／ｎ；ｎ＝３）、２つの
振動子の場合π（２π／ｎ；ｎ＝２）となる。さらに、
３つの振動子の場合、２つの振動子が同位相で残りの１
つの振動子がそれとは逆位相になり、逆位相になるもの
が数周期毎に順に入れ替わる準安定状態も見られた。こ
の状態の平均周期はほぼ３．６５ｓｅｃであった。Although a short period of time of 1 to 2 minutes may occur between the application of the disturbance and the coincidence of the period and the phase again, a pull-in with a phase shift may appear. The phase shift is 2π / 3 (2π / n; n = 3) for three vibrators and π (2π / n; n = 2) for two vibrators. further,
In the case of three vibrators, the two vibrators are in phase with the remaining one
There was also a metastable state in which two vibrators had the opposite phase, and the ones with the opposite phase were sequentially replaced every few cycles. The average period in this state was approximately 3.65 sec.
【００３４】さらに、上述の例では、引き込みによって
周期が小さくなったが、条件によっては、引き込みによ
って周期が大きくなる場合もある。Further, in the above-described example, the period is shortened by the pull-in, but depending on the condition, the period may be increased by the pull-in.
【００３５】また、上述の例では、穴の径を大きくして
被測定塩水振動子の周期を変更した。しかし、塩水振動
子の周期は、食塩水の濃度によっても変化する。そこ
で、塩水振動子Ａの食塩水を予め分かっている濃度のも
のにすれば、塩水振動子Ｂが引き込むか否かによって、
塩水振動子Ｂの食塩水濃度が標準の食塩水濃度に対し、
所定の範囲内にあるか否かを判定できる。In the above example, the period of the salt water oscillator to be measured was changed by increasing the diameter of the hole. However, the period of the salt water oscillator changes depending on the concentration of the saline solution. Therefore, if the salt solution of the salt water oscillator A is made to have a concentration known in advance, depending on whether the salt water oscillator B is pulled in or not,
The salt water concentration of the salt water oscillator B is higher than the standard salt solution concentration.
It can be determined whether or not it is within a predetermined range.
【００３６】すなわち、塩水振動子の穴径を１ｍｍとし
たとき、図７に示すように、０．０１６ｇ／ｃｍ3 の差
により周期が０．１ｓｅｃ変化する。そして、図８に示
すように、塩水振動子Ａの単独の際の周期３．４ｓｅｃ
に対し、塩水振動子Ｂの周期が±０．１ｓｅｃの範囲に
あるとき、引き込み現象が起こる。すなわち、塩水振動
子における濃度が標準に対し±０．０１６ｇ／ｃｍ3 の
範囲にあるときに引き込み現象が起こる。そこで、引き
込み現象が起こるか否かで、濃度が標準に対し±０．０
１６ｇ／ｃｍ3 の範囲にあるか否かを判定することがで
きる。That is, when the hole diameter of the salt water oscillator is 1 mm, as shown in FIG. 7, the period changes by 0.1 sec due to a difference of 0.016 g / cm 3 . Then, as shown in FIG. 8, a period of 3.4 seconds when the salt water oscillator A is used alone.
On the other hand, when the period of the salt water oscillator B is in the range of ± 0.1 sec, a pull-in phenomenon occurs. That is, when the concentration in the salt water oscillator is within a range of ± 0.016 g / cm 3 with respect to the standard, the pull-in phenomenon occurs. Therefore, depending on whether or not the pull-in phenomenon occurs, the concentration is ± 0.0
It can be determined whether it is in the range of 16 g / cm 3 .
【００３７】ここで、塩水振動子の振動は、密度差によ
り生起される物理的振動であり、密度差があれば、食塩
水に限らずどのような溶液であっても同様の振動が得ら
れる。そこで、本実施例によって各種溶液の濃度が所定
範囲内にあるかを判定することができる。さらに、液体
の粘度、穴の形状などのよっても振動の周期が影響を受
ける。そこで、これらが十分類似しているか否かを引き
込みが起こるか否かによって判定することができる。Here, the vibration of the salt water vibrator is a physical vibration caused by the density difference, and if there is a density difference, the same vibration can be obtained not only in the saline solution but also in any solution. . Thus, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to determine whether the concentrations of the various solutions are within a predetermined range. Further, the frequency of vibration is affected by the viscosity of the liquid, the shape of the holes, and the like. Therefore, it can be determined whether or not these are sufficiently similar based on whether or not pull-in occurs.
【００３８】また、塩水振動子以外の一般の非線形振動
においても引き込み現象が生じる。そこで、これらを利
用して、各種の検出が行える。例えば、図９に示すよう
に、油水界面における振動を利用して被測定物質の種類
濃度組成比等が標準に対して、所定範囲にあるかを判定
できる。すなわち、標準物質（Ａ）と被測定物質（Ｂ）
とで、油（例えば、ニトロベンゼン）との界面を形成す
る。そこで、油水界面において振動が発生するが、この
振動は電位を検出することによって検出される。また、
引き込み現象の発生を振動の周期の変化により検出す
る。そして、引き込み現象が発生したことで、両者の組
成が所定範囲内にあるかを判定する。Further, a pull-in phenomenon also occurs in general non-linear vibration other than the salt water vibrator. Therefore, various detections can be performed using these. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, it is possible to determine whether the type concentration composition ratio or the like of the substance to be measured is within a predetermined range with respect to the standard, using vibration at the oil-water interface. That is, the standard substance (A) and the substance to be measured (B)
This forms an interface with the oil (eg, nitrobenzene). Then, vibration occurs at the oil-water interface, and this vibration is detected by detecting the potential. Also,
The occurrence of the pull-in phenomenon is detected by a change in the cycle of the vibration. Then, it is determined whether or not the composition of the two is within a predetermined range by the occurrence of the pull-in phenomenon.
【００３９】なお、非線形振動には、脂質を吸着させた
多孔質膜がＮａ＋，Ｋ＋イオンの濃度勾配を駆動力とし
て振動するもの、ガラスフィルターが静水圧や直流電流
を駆動力として振動するもの等があり、これらを利用し
て各種の検出が行える。Examples of the non-linear vibration include those in which a porous membrane on which lipids are adsorbed vibrates using the concentration gradient of Na + and K + ions as driving force, and those in which a glass filter vibrates using hydrostatic pressure or a direct current as driving force. Various detections can be performed using these.
【００４０】例えば、ポリピロール膜では、イオン吸収
放出によって、振動が生じる。そこで、図１０に示すよ
うに、２つの振動子を設け、この系で引き込みが生じる
か否かで被測定物質の標準物質に対する類似性を検出す
ることができる。すなわち、引き込み現象に伴う電位の
振動の周期・振幅の変化により、被測定物質（Ｂ）が標
準物質（Ａ）と同一の物質かどうか、または濃度や組成
比が許容範囲内にあるかを引き込み現象が発生するか否
かで判定することできる。また、ポリピロール膜では、
膜中のドーパントを変更することによって振動の周期が
変化するため、適当な周期を選択することができる。For example, in a polypyrrole film, vibration occurs due to ion absorption and emission. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, two vibrators are provided, and the similarity of the substance to be measured to the standard substance can be detected based on whether or not pull-in occurs in this system. That is, the change in the period and amplitude of the potential oscillation caused by the pull-in phenomenon indicates whether the substance to be measured (B) is the same as the standard substance (A), or whether the concentration or composition ratio is within the allowable range. It can be determined based on whether a phenomenon occurs. Also, in the polypyrrole film,
Since the period of vibration changes by changing the dopant in the film, an appropriate period can be selected.
【００４１】さらに、上述のように振動子の数を増やす
と、それぞれの振動子の周期の差がより小さくないと引
き込みが起きない。また、逆位相の引き込みの場合も同
位相の引き込みに比べて周期の差が小さくなければなら
ない。そこで、振動子の数を増やしたり、逆位相の引き
込みから同位相の引き込みへの転移を検出する等の方法
によって、検出の感度を上昇（または変更）することが
できる。Further, when the number of transducers is increased as described above, pull-in does not occur unless the difference between the periods of the transducers is smaller. Also, in the case of pulling in the opposite phase, the difference in period must be smaller than that in pulling in the same phase. Therefore, the detection sensitivity can be increased (or changed) by a method such as increasing the number of transducers or detecting a transition from pulling in the opposite phase to pulling in the same phase.
【００４２】また、本実施例の装置を用いて、食料品や
飲料水の適量検出センサや異常検出センサ（製品管理セ
ンサ）を構成することができる。すなわち、濃度や組成
比を少しずつ変えるときに、適当な値（目標に対し所定
範囲内の値）となる点を検知することができる。従っ
て、混合の制御などに利用できる。また、濃度、組成比
の変動が許容範囲を超えたことを検知することができ
る。Further, by using the apparatus of this embodiment, it is possible to configure a sensor for detecting an appropriate amount of food or drinking water or a sensor for detecting an abnormality (product management sensor). That is, when the concentration or the composition ratio is changed little by little, a point at which an appropriate value (a value within a predetermined range with respect to the target) can be detected. Therefore, it can be used for mixing control and the like. Further, it is possible to detect that the fluctuation of the concentration and the composition ratio exceeds the allowable range.
【００４３】[0043]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
引き込み現象が起こるか否かによって、少なくとも２つ
の振動系の構成要素、例えば濃度、組成比等がどのくら
い似ているかを一度の検出で判定できる。例えば、振動
系を構成する液体濃度の差が所定範囲内か否かを１度の
検出で判定できる。そこで、許容範囲内にあるか否かの
検出を直接行える。また、標準物質に対しどの程度似て
いるかを判定することで、絶対的な値が所定範囲内にあ
るかを容易に判定できる。従って、検出に際して、較正
の必要がない。As described above, according to the present invention,
Depending on whether or not the pull-in phenomenon occurs, it is possible to determine, by a single detection, how similar the components of at least two vibration systems, for example, the concentrations and the composition ratios are. For example, it can be determined by a single detection whether or not the difference between the concentrations of the liquids constituting the vibration system is within a predetermined range. Therefore, it is possible to directly detect whether or not it is within the allowable range. Also, by determining how similar the reference material is, it can be easily determined whether the absolute value is within a predetermined range. Therefore, no calibration is required for detection.
【図１】 実施例の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment.
【図２】 １つの塩水振動子の構成を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of one salt water oscillator.
【図３】 塩水振動子の動作の説明する図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a salt water oscillator.
【図４】 塩水振動子の電位変化のを示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in potential of a salt water oscillator.
【図５】 穴の径と振動の周期の関係を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between a hole diameter and a cycle of vibration.
【図６】 穴の径の比と周期の変化の関係を示す図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a ratio of hole diameters and a change in period.
【図７】 密度と周期の関係を示す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between density and period.
【図８】 ２つの振動系の周期と引き込み発生の関係を
示す図である。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the periods of two vibration systems and the occurrence of pull-in.
【図９】 油水界面を利用した振動子の構成を示す図で
ある。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vibrator utilizing an oil-water interface.
【図１０】 ポリピロール膜を利用した振動子の構成を
示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vibrator using a polypyrrole film.
１０ 容器、１２，１４，１６ 塩水容器、１８，２
０，２２ 穴、２４，２６，２８，３０ 電極、３２，
３４，３６ 電圧計、３８ 記録計。10 containers, 12, 14, 16 Salt water containers, 18, 2
0,22 holes, 24,26,28,30 electrodes, 32,
34,36 Voltmeter, 38 Recorder.
Claims (7)
互作用する２つ以上の振動系を含み、 １つの振動系の振動と他の振動系における振動とが同期
して両者の振動数および位相がそろう引き込み現象が起
こるか否かによって、上記２つ以上の振動系の構成要素
の類似性を検出することを特徴とする振動を利用した検
出方法。1. A connection via a medium through which the phase
Including two or more interacting vibration systems , the vibration of one vibration system is synchronized with the vibration of another vibration system
And detecting the similarity between the components of the two or more vibration systems based on whether or not a pull-in phenomenon occurs in which the frequencies and phases of the two are aligned .
し、他の振動系の構成要素が標準構成要素に対し所定の
範囲内にあるかを検出することを特徴とする振動を利用
した検出方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein one vibration system is formed of known standard components and the components of the other vibration system are within a predetermined range with respect to the standard components. A detection method using vibration, characterized by detecting a vibration.
に対し、他の振動系の液体の濃度が所定の範囲内にある
かを検出することを特徴とする振動を利用した検出方
法。3. The method according to claim 2, wherein, for a liquid having a known concentration in the one vibration system, detecting whether a concentration of a liquid in another vibration system is within a predetermined range. A detection method using vibration characterized by the following.
に対し、他の振動系の穴の大きさが所定の範囲内にある
かを検出することを特徴とする振動を利用した検出方
法。4. The method according to claim 2, wherein a size of a hole of another vibration system is within a predetermined range with respect to a previously known size of the hole of the one vibration system. A detection method using vibration.
おいて、 上記引き込みは現象が起こったか否かを少なくとも１つ
の振動系の振動数の変化により検出することを特徴とす
る振動を利用した検出方法。5. The method according to claim 1, wherein said retraction is performed by detecting whether a phenomenon has occurred by detecting a change in the frequency of at least one vibration system. Detection method.
互作用する２つ以上の振動系と、 １つの振動系の振動と他の振動系における振動とが同期
して両者の振動数および位相がそろう引き込み現象が起
こるか否かを検出する検出手段と、 を有し、 上記検出手段の検出結果によって、上記２つの振動系の
構成要素の類似性を検出することを特徴とする振動を利
用した検出装置。6. A medium connected via a medium, and a phase
Two or more interacting vibration systems are synchronized with the vibration of one vibration system and the vibration of another vibration system
Detecting means for detecting whether or not a pull-in phenomenon occurs in which both frequencies and phases are aligned with each other, and detecting a similarity between the components of the two vibration systems based on a detection result of the detecting means. A detection device utilizing vibration, characterized by the following.
なくとも１つの振動系の振動数の変化により検出するこ
とを特徴とする振動を利用した検出装置。7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the detecting means detects whether or not the pull-in has occurred by detecting a change in the frequency of at least one vibration system. Detection device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06080595A JP3184733B2 (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Detection method and detection device using vibration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06080595A JP3184733B2 (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Detection method and detection device using vibration |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08261975A JPH08261975A (en) | 1996-10-11 |
| JP3184733B2 true JP3184733B2 (en) | 2001-07-09 |
Family
ID=13152928
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06080595A Expired - Fee Related JP3184733B2 (en) | 1995-03-20 | 1995-03-20 | Detection method and detection device using vibration |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3184733B2 (en) |
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1995
- 1995-03-20 JP JP06080595A patent/JP3184733B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08261975A (en) | 1996-10-11 |
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