JP3169438B2 - Agricultural sheet - Google Patents
Agricultural sheetInfo
- Publication number
- JP3169438B2 JP3169438B2 JP17092292A JP17092292A JP3169438B2 JP 3169438 B2 JP3169438 B2 JP 3169438B2 JP 17092292 A JP17092292 A JP 17092292A JP 17092292 A JP17092292 A JP 17092292A JP 3169438 B2 JP3169438 B2 JP 3169438B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- agricultural
- agricultural sheet
- present
- soil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は農業用シートに関する。
より詳しくは果実栽培に用いる時に優れた効果を発揮す
る農業用シートに関する。This invention relates to agricultural sheets.
More specifically, the present invention relates to an agricultural sheet that exhibits an excellent effect when used for fruit cultivation.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】塩化ビニール製やポリオレフィン製のフ
ィルムは農業用シートとして各種応用分野に用いられて
いる。それらの用途の１つとして例えばみかんや桃等の
果実樹の根元に張付けて雨水の浸透を防ぎ、それによっ
て果実の糖度を上昇させる用途があり、これらの用途に
は従来は塩化ビニール製やポリオレフィン製のフィルム
が用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art Vinyl chloride and polyolefin films are used in various fields of application as agricultural sheets. One of those uses is to stick to the root of fruit trees such as oranges and peaches to prevent rainwater penetration and thereby increase the sugar content of the fruits. These uses are conventionally made of vinyl chloride or polyolefin. Film is used.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前述の塩化ビニール製
やポリオレフィン製のフィルムを果実樹の根元被覆用に
用いると雨水の浸透を防ぐことができるが、逆に土壌中
の水分が透過せずにフィルムの下側に結露し、その結果
果実の糖度の充分な上昇を達成できない。又土壌中の炭
酸ガスの透過も行われない。When the above-mentioned film made of vinyl chloride or polyolefin is used for root coating of fruit trees, it is possible to prevent rainwater from penetrating, but on the contrary, water in soil does not permeate. Condensation on the underside of the film, so that a sufficient increase in the sugar content of the fruit cannot be achieved. Also, no permeation of carbon dioxide in the soil is performed.
【０００４】そこで微多孔膜を積層した不織布から成る
シートを前記用途に用いることが提案されている。微多
孔膜によって通気性のある防水が達成されるが、この種
シートは屋外曝露に対して劣化しやすいという問題点を
有する。又ポリオレフィン製のフラッシュ紡糸の不織布
は疎水性を有するので雨水の防水を果すことができると
共に通気性を有するので、この不織布を前述の用途に用
いることが考えられる。しかしこの種フラッシュ紡糸の
不織布は一般に紙のように剛直であり、その結果凹凸の
ある土壌表面にフイットしにくく、雨水が流入したり又
不織布の端から風が入ってとばされたりする問題点を有
する。Therefore, it has been proposed to use a sheet made of a nonwoven fabric having a microporous film laminated thereon for the above-mentioned applications. Although air permeability and waterproofness can be achieved by the microporous membrane, this type of sheet has a problem that it is easily deteriorated by outdoor exposure. The flash-spun nonwoven fabric made of polyolefin has hydrophobicity and thus can provide waterproofing of rainwater and has air permeability. Therefore, it is conceivable to use this nonwoven fabric for the above-mentioned applications. However, this type of flash-spun nonwoven fabric is generally rigid like paper, and as a result, it is difficult to fit on uneven soil surfaces, and rainwater flows in and wind is blown in from the end of the nonwoven fabric. Having.
【０００５】本発明は防水性、通気性（透湿性）を有す
ると共に柔軟性を具備することによって土壌表面にフイ
ットしやすく、且つ耐久力の優れた農業用シートを提供
することを目的とする。It is an object of the present invention to provide an agricultural sheet which has waterproofness, air permeability (moisture permeability), and flexibility and is easily fitted to the soil surface and has excellent durability.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の目的はポリオレ
フィン樹脂を連続的に紡糸した繊維が三次元網状構造を
なし、且つ繊維間が熱接合されている農業用シートであ
って、該シートの少なくとも片面に圧着面積比率１５〜
５０％のエンボス加工が施されており、得られたシート
の純曲値が０．０１〜０．６０ｇcm2 ／cmであることを
特徴とする農業用シートによって達成される。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural sheet in which fibers obtained by continuously spinning a polyolefin resin have a three-dimensional network structure, and the fibers are thermally bonded. Crimping area ratio 15 to at least one side
This is achieved by an agricultural sheet characterized in that it is embossed 50% and the sheet obtained has a pure curve value of 0.01 to 0.60 gcm 2 / cm.
【０００７】本発明の三次元網状構造を有し、且つ繊維
間が熱接合されているシートは、ポリオレフィン樹脂を
フラッシュ紡糸法で紡糸し、シート状に重ね合せる上で
エンボス加工することによって得られる。The sheet having a three-dimensional network structure of the present invention and in which the fibers are thermally bonded is obtained by spinning a polyolefin resin by a flash spinning method, and embossing the sheets after overlapping them in a sheet shape. .
【０００８】前記エンボス加工の圧着面積比率は２０〜
４０％であると好ましい。このエンボス加工はシートの
両面に付与されていてもよい。エンボスの形状としては
丸形、角形（正方形又は長方形）、線状、格子状、斜め
格子状等任意の形状のものを用いることができる。しか
し柔軟性を与える点から、正方形状、特にピッチ０．８
〜１．５mm、一辺長０．５〜１．０mmの正方形状のエン
ボス加工を施すと好ましい。純曲値は０．０５〜０．３
０ｇcm2 ／cmであると好ましく、特に０．０８〜０．２
０ｇcm2 ／cmであるとより好ましい。本発明でいう純曲
値はピュアー・ベンティングテスター（カトウテック
〔株〕製純曲げ試験機）を用いて試料のタテ方向、ヨコ
方向それぞれ５回測定して平均値を得、両者の平均値
（ｇcm2 ／cm）で表した値である。[0008] The crimping area ratio of the embossing is 20 to
Preferably it is 40%. This embossing may be provided on both sides of the sheet. As the shape of the emboss, any shape such as a round shape, a square shape (square or rectangular), a linear shape, a lattice shape, an oblique lattice shape, and the like can be used. However, from the point of giving flexibility, the square shape, especially the pitch 0.8
It is preferable to emboss a square shape having a side length of 0.5 to 1.0 mm and a side length of 0.5 to 1.0 mm. Pure song value is 0.05-0.3
0 gcm 2 / cm, preferably 0.08 to 0.2 g / cm 2.
More preferably, it is 0 gcm 2 / cm. The pure tune value referred to in the present invention is measured five times in each of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the sample using a pure bending tester (a pure bending tester manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.), and an average value is obtained. (Gcm 2 / cm).
【０００９】本発明による農業用シートは防水性と通気
性（透湿性）を有するので、雨水を遮断し、且つ土壌中
の水分を水蒸気として蒸発させることができるので果実
の糖度を一段と上昇させることができ、且つ土壌中の炭
酸ガスの透過（炭酸ガスが果実樹の根元に滞留すると樹
勢の低下を招くので好ましくない。）が可能である。又
本発明の農業用シートは圧着面積比率１５〜５０％のエ
ンボス加工が施されたフラッシュ紡糸不織布であるの
で、充分な強度を有し、作業中に破れる危険がない。さ
らにエンボス加工によってシートに柔軟性が付与されて
いるので、凹凸のある土壌表面にフイットしやすく、し
たがってシートの端部を重しや針金で止めるという簡単
な操作だけシートが風によって飛ばされることを防ぐこ
とができる。Since the agricultural sheet according to the present invention has waterproofness and air permeability (breathability), it can block rainwater and evaporate water in the soil as water vapor, so that the sugar content of fruits can be further increased. And permeation of carbon dioxide gas in the soil (since carbon dioxide gas stays at the root of the fruit tree undesirably causes a decrease in tree vigor). Further, since the agricultural sheet of the present invention is a flash-spun nonwoven fabric that has been embossed with a compression area ratio of 15 to 50%, it has sufficient strength and does not break during operation. In addition, embossing imparts flexibility to the sheet, making it easy to fit on uneven soil surfaces, so that the sheet can be blown off by the wind with only a simple operation of weighing or stopping the end of the sheet with a wire. Can be prevented.
【００１０】前記エンボス加工が施されている面を外側
にして土壌に止めた場合にはエンボス面の凹凸が滑り止
めとなり、したがって本発明の農業用シートを斜面に用
いた場合に作業員の滑り止めに役立つ。なおフラッシュ
紡糸不織布の片面にポリエチレンの粉末を１〜２０ｇ／
ｍ2 散布した上で熱を加えてシートに付着させるとよ
い。このようにすると付着されたポリエチレンの粉末粒
子によって滑り止め効果がより改善され、傾斜地での作
業の安全性向上に役立つ。また裏面（地面側）を黒色着
色すると、雑草の発生を強く抑制することができる。[0010] When the embossed surface is fixed to the soil with the embossed surface facing outward, the unevenness of the embossed surface becomes non-slip. Help stop. In addition, 1-20 g / polyethylene powder was applied to one side of the flash spun nonwoven fabric.
After applying m 2 , heat is preferably applied to adhere to the sheet. In this way, the slipping effect is further improved by the attached polyethylene powder particles, which contributes to the improvement of the safety of work on the slope. When the back surface (ground side) is colored black, the generation of weeds can be strongly suppressed.
【００１１】又本発明の農業用シートは白色であるの
で、地表面に達する太陽光線を乱反射し、その結果果実
の着色が促進されるので好ましい。さらにポリエチレン
製であるので得られた農業用シートが軽く、土壌に被覆
する際の作業が簡便であると共に、使用後の焼却に際し
て塩ビフィルムのような有毒ガスを発生することがな
い。価格面においても安価であり、この種用途に用いら
れる施設栽培に比し格段に低コストにすることができる
という利点を併せ有する。Further, since the agricultural sheet of the present invention is white, it is preferable because it diffusely reflects sunlight reaching the ground surface, and as a result, coloring of fruits is promoted. Further, since it is made of polyethylene, the obtained agricultural sheet is light, the work for covering the soil is simple, and no toxic gas such as a PVC film is generated during incineration after use. It is also inexpensive in terms of price, and has the advantage that the cost can be significantly reduced as compared with facility cultivation used for this kind of use.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下本発明の農業シートの実施例とその使用
方法の一例を添付図面を参照して説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the agricultural sheet of the present invention and an example of its use will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１３】トリクロロフルオロメタン溶剤にメルトイ
ンデックス（ＡＳＴＭ法第１２３８Ｔ号条件Ｅにて測
定）０．７８の高密度ポリエチレン樹脂を溶解させた濃
度１２wt％の溶液を直径０．７mm、長さ５mmの減圧用オ
リフィスを通り、直径８mm、長さ４０mmの減圧室内で減
圧した後、ノズル径０．７mm、長さ０．７mmのノズルを
通過させてフラッシュ紡糸した。紡糸された連続繊維及
びガス流は、紡糸口金より水平方向に３mmの距離を置い
て紡口軸に直角に配置した回転分散板に供給した。回転
分散板を出た開繊した網状繊維にはコロナ放電を行い電
気帯電を行なわせしめた。このコロナ放電は１１mmピッ
チ、針本数１６本の回転円盤回り半円状に配置された電
極針に約２０kvの負の直流高電圧をかけて行った。この
帯電した連続繊維はネットコンベア下部に設けた吸引ダ
クトの補助作用をうけネットコンベア上に不織ウェブを
形成した。このようにして作成した三次元網状繊維不織
シートは、１３２℃に加熱された図１の模様を有するエ
ンボスロール（エンボス２の深さ０．３mm、圧着面積比
率３０％）と表面フラットなシリコンゴムロール（硬度
７０°）との間で熱プレスを表裏各１回行ない部分的に
熱圧着された不織シートとした。この不織シートを、常
温で突起高さ０．６１mm、間隔２．１mmで千鳥配置され
た頂点面積が０．１８mm2 の円形状からなる複数の突起
物を有するエンボスロールと硬度７０°のブタジエンゴ
ム製弾性ロールとの間に、面圧１５．３kg／cm2で、両
ロール間の周速比０．８を与えて透過させた。処理回数
は表裏各１回実施した処理速度は５ｍ／分である。A 12 wt% solution of a high density polyethylene resin having a melt index of 0.78 (measured under ASTM method No. 1238T, condition E) dissolved in a trichlorofluoromethane solvent is reduced in pressure to 0.7 mm in diameter and 5 mm in length. After the pressure was reduced in a decompression chamber having a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 40 mm through the orifice for use, flash spinning was performed by passing through a nozzle having a nozzle diameter of 0.7 mm and a length of 0.7 mm. The spun continuous fiber and gas stream were supplied to a rotating dispersion plate disposed at a distance of 3 mm horizontally from the spinneret and perpendicular to the spinning axis. Corona discharge was applied to the opened reticulated fibers coming out of the rotating dispersion plate to perform electric charging. This corona discharge was performed by applying a negative DC high voltage of about 20 kv to electrode needles arranged in a semicircular shape around a rotating disk with 11 needle pitches and 16 needles. The charged continuous fibers were assisted by a suction duct provided below the net conveyor to form a nonwoven web on the net conveyor. The three-dimensional reticulated fiber nonwoven sheet prepared in this manner was heated to 132 ° C. with an embossing roll having a pattern shown in FIG. 1 (depth of embossing 2 0.3 mm, compression area ratio 30%) and flat silicon surface. Hot pressing was performed once on each of the front and back sides with a rubber roll (hardness: 70 °) to obtain a non-woven sheet partially thermocompressed. An embossing roll having a plurality of circular projections having a vertex area of 0.18 mm 2 and a staggered arrangement of 0.61 mm in height at intervals of 2.1 mm and a pitch of 2.18 mm at normal temperature, and butadiene having a hardness of 70 ° are prepared. At a surface pressure of 15.3 kg / cm 2 , a peripheral speed ratio of 0.8 was applied between the two rolls to allow the rubber to pass through. As for the number of times of processing, the processing speed performed once for each of the front and back is 5 m / min.
【００１４】このようにして得られた不織布の物性は、
目付５０ｇ／ｍ2 、厚さ０．１５mm、引張強度６kg／３
cm、引張伸度２０％、引裂強度１．３０kg、純曲値０．
１５ｇcm3 ／cm、通気度１３０sec ／１００cc、透湿度
４，４００ｇ／ｍ2 ／２４hr、耐水圧１，５００mmＨ2
Ｏであった。すなわち実施例の不織布は充分な防水性を
有すると共に通気度、透湿度を有し、且つ柔軟性を有
し、農業用シートに適するものであった。The properties of the nonwoven fabric thus obtained are as follows:
Weight 50g / m 2 , thickness 0.15mm, tensile strength 6kg / 3
cm, tensile elongation 20%, tear strength 1.30 kg, pure curve value 0.
15gcm 3 / cm, air permeability 130sec / 100cc, moisture permeability 4,400g / m 2 / 24hr, water pressure resistance 1,500MmH 2
O. That is, the nonwoven fabric of the example had sufficient waterproofness, air permeability, moisture permeability, and flexibility, and was suitable for an agricultural sheet.
【００１５】得られた実施例の農業用シート１ａ，１ｂ
を図２に示すように、みかん、桃等の果実樹３の根元の
周囲に敷き、根本に雨水が入らないように根元を残して
２枚の農業用シート１ａ，１ｂの継目をテープ４を貼っ
て継ぐ。The agricultural sheets 1a and 1b of the obtained embodiment are obtained.
As shown in FIG. 2, laying around the root of the fruit tree 3 such as tangerine, peach, etc. Paste and paste.
【００１６】その際図３に示すように根元の近傍のみに
本発明の農業用シート１ａ，１ｂを使用し、その外側部
分に通気性のない塩ビシートを用いてもよい。地面６上
に配置された本発明の農業用シート１の端部を図４に示
すように、重し７を置くか、Ｕ字形の針金８でとめれば
風によって飛ばされることを防ぐことができる。In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the agricultural sheets 1a and 1b of the present invention may be used only in the vicinity of the root, and a non-breathable PVC sheet may be used in the outer portion. As shown in FIG. 4, the end of the agricultural sheet 1 of the present invention placed on the ground 6 can be prevented from being blown by the wind by placing a weight 7 or stopping with a U-shaped wire 8. it can.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本発明の農業用シートは防水性と通気性
（透湿性）を有するので果実樹の根元の水分を少くする
ことができ、糖度のより高い果実を得ることができる。
又本発明の農業用シートは軽くて柔軟性があるので、取
り扱い性が良好であり、且つ実用上充分な強度を有する
と共に安価であるので農業用シートとして有用に用いる
ことができる。The agricultural sheet of the present invention has waterproofness and air permeability (moisture permeability), so that the moisture at the root of the fruit tree can be reduced, and a fruit having a higher sugar content can be obtained.
Further, the agricultural sheet of the present invention is light and flexible, so that it is easy to handle and has sufficient strength for practical use and is inexpensive, so that it can be used effectively as an agricultural sheet.
【図１】本発明の農業用シートのエンボスパターンの一
例を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an emboss pattern of an agricultural sheet of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の農業用シートの使用の一例を示す斜視
図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of use of the agricultural sheet of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の農業用シートの使用の他の例を示す斜
視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another example of the use of the agricultural sheet of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の農業用シートの土壌表面への固定方法
の一例を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for fixing an agricultural sheet to a soil surface according to the present invention.
【図５】本発明の農業用シートの土壌表面への固定方法
の他の例を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a method for fixing an agricultural sheet to a soil surface according to the present invention.
１，１ａ，１ｂ…農業用シート（本発明） ２…エンボス ３…果実樹 ４…テープ ５ａ，５ｂ…塩ビシート ６…地面 ７…重し ８…針金 1, 1a, 1b: Agricultural sheet (the present invention) 2: Embossed 3: Fruit tree 4: Tape 5a, 5b: PVC sheet 6: Ground 7: Weight 8: Wire
フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭49−117224（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−121122（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭51−51409（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭64−17152（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) A01G 13/00 302 A01G 13/02 Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-49-117224 (JP, A) JP-A-4-121122 (JP, A) JP-A-51-51409 (JP, A) JP-A-64-17152 (JP) , U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) A01G 13/00 302 A01G 13/02
Claims (1)
繊維が三次元網状構造をなし、且つ繊維間が熱接合され
ている農業用シートにおいて、該シートの少なくとも片
面に圧着面積比率１５〜５０％のエンボス加工が施され
ており、得られたシートの純曲値が０．０１〜０．６０
ｇcm2 ／cmであることを特徴とする農業用シート。1. An agricultural sheet in which fibers obtained by continuously spinning a polyolefin resin form a three-dimensional network structure and in which the fibers are thermally bonded to each other, wherein at least one side of the sheet has a compression area ratio of 15 to 50%. The embossing is applied, and the pure sheet value of the obtained sheet is 0.01 to 0.60.
An agricultural sheet characterized by gcm 2 / cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17092292A JP3169438B2 (en) | 1992-06-29 | 1992-06-29 | Agricultural sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17092292A JP3169438B2 (en) | 1992-06-29 | 1992-06-29 | Agricultural sheet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH067044A JPH067044A (en) | 1994-01-18 |
| JP3169438B2 true JP3169438B2 (en) | 2001-05-28 |
Family
ID=15913846
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17092292A Expired - Lifetime JP3169438B2 (en) | 1992-06-29 | 1992-06-29 | Agricultural sheet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3169438B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100248939B1 (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2000-06-01 | 최민석 | The non-woven textile for antiacidifing soil and regulating weeds |
| DE10006383A1 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2001-05-23 | Reinhard Ebert | Soil cover in particular for crests in fields planted with asparagus, comprising heat retaining and heat absorbing or reflecting areas |
| CN113355755A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-09-07 | 浙江青昀新材料科技有限公司 | Polymer sheet prepared by flash evaporation method |
| CN115198445A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-18 | 江苏青昀新材料科技有限公司 | Flash spinning sheet |
-
1992
- 1992-06-29 JP JP17092292A patent/JP3169438B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH067044A (en) | 1994-01-18 |
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