JP3137158B2 - Shock vibrometer attenuator - Google Patents
Shock vibrometer attenuatorInfo
- Publication number
- JP3137158B2 JP3137158B2 JP05340809A JP34080993A JP3137158B2 JP 3137158 B2 JP3137158 B2 JP 3137158B2 JP 05340809 A JP05340809 A JP 05340809A JP 34080993 A JP34080993 A JP 34080993A JP 3137158 B2 JP3137158 B2 JP 3137158B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- pendulum
- attenuator
- working chamber
- vibrometer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、振動計の減衰器に関
し、特に衝撃振動測定用振動計に好適な油減衰器に関す
る。一般に、振動を測定する振動計は、「振り子」と
「ばね」と「減衰器」とで構成されたいわゆるサイズモ
系方式のものが多く用いられている。そして特に衝撃的
振動を測定する場合は、定常状態の振動測定と異なり、
振り子の過度応答をも振切れること（オーバースケー
ル）なく正確に測定できる構造が要求される。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an attenuator for a vibrometer, and more particularly to an oil attenuator suitable for a vibrometer for measuring shock vibration. Generally, as a vibrometer for measuring vibration, a so-called seismic system comprising a “pendulum”, a “spring”, and an “attenuator” is often used. And especially when measuring shocking vibration, unlike steady state vibration measurement,
A structure is required that can accurately measure the pendulum transient response without overshooting (overscaling).
【０００２】この要求に対処したものとして、振動計の
固有振動数を衝撃振動の周波数範囲より遥かに高く設定
した加速度振動計が用いられたものが知られており、こ
の振動計では、振り子の固有振動数の影響を小さくで
き、さらに固有振動数を高くすることによる振り子可動
振幅を小さくするのが可能となり、大きな衝撃振動をも
測定でき、また、測定振動数に対して振り子の固有振動
数が高いため、その共振の影響が少なく減衰器を省略す
ることが可能となる、という利点がある反面、低周波成
分の衝撃測定に対して感度が低く正確な測定値を得るこ
とができないと言う欠点がある。[0002] In response to this demand, there has been known an acceleration vibrometer in which the natural frequency of a vibrometer is set to be much higher than the frequency range of the shock vibration. The effect of the natural frequency can be reduced, and the pendulum movable amplitude can be reduced by increasing the natural frequency. A large shock vibration can also be measured. Has the advantage that the influence of the resonance is small and it is possible to omit the attenuator, but on the other hand, it has low sensitivity to the shock measurement of the low frequency component and cannot obtain an accurate measurement value. There are drawbacks.
【０００３】ところで、比較的低振動数の衝撃振動を、
Ｓ／Ｎ良く測定するには、振り子の固有振動数を低くし
て振り子が衝撃値に比例して大きく動けるようにする必
要がある。そのため、この固有振動数の低い変位振動計
方式の振り子の場合には、衝撃振動に含まれる大変位に
追従できるような大きな可動範囲を必要とし、さらに大
振幅の全域においても振り子に一定の減衰力を与えるこ
とができる強力な減衰器を必要とする。本発明は、この
大振幅を測定できる変位振動計タイプの衝撃振動測定用
振動計に用いられる油減衰器の改良に関するものであ
る。[0003] By the way, the impact vibration of a relatively low frequency,
In order to measure with good S / N, it is necessary to lower the natural frequency of the pendulum so that the pendulum can move largely in proportion to the impact value. Therefore, in the case of the pendulum of the displacement vibrometer type having a low natural frequency, a large movable range that can follow the large displacement included in the shock vibration is required, and the pendulum has a constant attenuation even in the entire region of the large amplitude. Requires a powerful attenuator that can provide power. The present invention relates to an improvement in an oil attenuator used in a displacement vibrometer type shock vibration measuring vibrometer capable of measuring a large amplitude.
【０００４】[0004]
【従来の技術】振動計用の減衰器には、電磁気力や空
気，油などの流体の粘性を利用するものがすでに実用化
されており、これらのうち、油を用いたものは比較的簡
単な構造で大きな減衰力が得られるため、従来から多く
使用されている。2. Description of the Related Art As attenuators for vibrometers, those utilizing electromagnetic force or viscosity of a fluid such as air or oil have already been put into practical use. Of these, those using oil are relatively simple. Since a large damping force can be obtained with a simple structure, it has been widely used in the past.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】油の粘性を利用した減
衰器、すなわち油減衰器は、油が狭い隙間の通路を流れ
るときの油の粘性抵抗を減衰力に利用するものである
が、油の粘性抵抗が温度変化により変動するため、油減
衰器は温度特性が悪いという問題点がある。本発明は、
このような問題点の解決をはかろうとするもので、油通
路を熱膨張率の大きな素材で構成することにより、油通
路の隙間面積の温度変化に伴う膨縮で油の粘性係数の温
度変化による変化を相殺させ、油減衰器の温度特性を良
好にした、衝撃振動計用減衰器を提供することを目的と
する。An attenuator utilizing the viscosity of oil, that is, an oil attenuator, utilizes the viscous resistance of oil as the damping force when the oil flows through a narrow gap passage. The oil attenuator has a problem that the temperature characteristic is poor because the viscous resistance of the oil attenuator fluctuates due to the temperature change. The present invention
In order to solve such a problem, the oil passage is made of a material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion. It is an object of the present invention to provide an attenuator for an impact vibrometer in which a change caused by the vibration is offset and the temperature characteristic of the oil attenuator is improved.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の目的を達成するた
め、請求項１に記載の発明は、内部に制動油を充填され
る作動室を形成されたケースと、上記作動室の内部で同
作動室の軸線方向への移動を可能に配設されて同作動室
の内壁との間に油通路を形成する振り子とをそなえ、上
記作動室の内壁が、熱膨張係数の大きな素材で構成され
ていることを特徴としている。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a working chamber in which a working oil filled with brake oil is formed is formed inside the working chamber. A pendulum that is disposed so as to be movable in the axial direction of the working chamber and forms an oil passage between the working chamber and an inner wall of the working chamber, and the inner wall of the working chamber is made of a material having a large thermal expansion coefficient. It is characterized by having.
【０００７】また請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に
記載の衝撃振動計用減衰器において、上記作動室が、両
端部の内径を中央部の内径より小径に形成され、上記振
り子が上記作動室の端部に近づくとき、上記制動油を当
該端部に閉じ込めうるように構成されていることを特徴
としている。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the attenuator for an impact vibrometer according to the first aspect, the working chamber is formed such that the inner diameters at both ends are smaller than the inner diameter at the center. When approaching the end of the working chamber, the brake oil is configured to be confined to the end.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】上述の本発明の衝撃振動計用減衰器では、作動
室の内壁が温度上昇につれて内側に膨れて油通路の隙間
寸法が狭くなり、温度上昇に伴う制動油の粘性抵抗の減
少を相殺する作用が行なわれる。また、衝撃振動計に過
大な衝撃力が作用し、振り子に測定衝撃値を越える大き
な衝撃が加えられて振り子が衝撃的に作動室の端部に高
速で近づくとき、当該端部に閉じ込められた制動油が液
体ばねとして作用し、振り子のケースへの衝突による破
壊が防止される。In the above-described damper for a shock vibrometer according to the present invention, the inner wall of the working chamber expands inward as the temperature rises, and the gap size of the oil passage becomes narrow, thereby offsetting the decrease in the viscous resistance of the brake oil due to the temperature rise. Is performed. In addition, when an excessive impact force was applied to the impact vibrometer and a large impact exceeding the measured impact value was applied to the pendulum, and the pendulum approached the end of the working chamber at a high speed, the pendulum was trapped at the end. The brake oil acts as a liquid spring, preventing the pendulum from breaking due to collision with the case.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、図面により本発明の一実施例としての
衝撃振動計用減衰器について説明すると、図１はその側
断面図である。この実施例の衝撃振動計用減衰器は油制
動形式のものであって、図１中の符号３は円筒状のケー
スを示しており、このケース３の内部には、紙面に垂直
な断面形状を円形に形成されて制動油７を充填される作
動室11が形成されている。作動室11は中央部を両端部よ
り大径に形成されていて、両端部は、後に詳述するよう
に、衝撃クッション部８を構成するようになっている。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an attenuator for a shock vibrometer according to an embodiment of the present invention. An attenuator for an impact vibrometer of this embodiment is of an oil braking type, and reference numeral 3 in FIG. 1 denotes a cylindrical case. Inside the case 3, a cross section perpendicular to the paper surface is provided. Is formed in a circular shape and a working chamber 11 filled with the brake oil 7 is formed. The working chamber 11 has a central portion formed with a larger diameter than both end portions, and both end portions constitute an impact cushion portion 8 as described later in detail.
【００１０】作動室11の軸心線上に電磁コイル２が取付
けられ、電磁コイル２の外側に、マグネット（永久磁
石）製の振り子１が、振り子支持バネ４に支持されて、
作動室11の軸心方向に移動可能に嵌挿されている。この
振り子１は油減衰器のピストンを兼用する。作動室11の
中央部における内壁部に、熱膨張係数の大きな素材で構
成されたケース内壁５が取付けられており、ケース内壁
５の内周面と振り子１の外周面との間に、隙間寸法ｔを
有する同心円状の油通路６が形成されている。An electromagnetic coil 2 is mounted on the axis of the working chamber 11, and a pendulum 1 made of a magnet (permanent magnet) is supported by a pendulum support spring 4 outside the electromagnetic coil 2.
The working chamber 11 is fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction. This pendulum 1 also serves as a piston of an oil damper. A case inner wall 5 made of a material having a large thermal expansion coefficient is attached to an inner wall portion at a central portion of the working chamber 11, and a clearance dimension is provided between an inner peripheral surface of the case inner wall 5 and an outer peripheral surface of the pendulum 1. A concentric oil passage 6 having t is formed.
【００１１】図１中の符号９は出力コネクタ、符号ｒは
振り子１の半径をそれぞれ示している。また作動室11に
は制動油（シリコン油）７が充填されている。上述の構
成において、振り子１とケース内壁５との間に形成され
た油通路６を制動油（振動減衰油）７が流れて減衰作用
が行なわれるが、油減衰器10の温度が上昇すると、熱に
よりケース内壁５が膨張して内側に膨れ、油通路６が狭
くなる。一方、制動油７の粘性が温度上昇により低下す
る。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 9 denotes an output connector, and reference numeral r denotes a radius of the pendulum 1. The working chamber 11 is filled with a braking oil (silicone oil) 7. In the above-described configuration, the damping oil (vibration damping oil) 7 flows through the oil passage 6 formed between the pendulum 1 and the case inner wall 5 to perform a damping action, but when the temperature of the oil damper 10 rises, The case inner wall 5 expands due to heat and expands inward, so that the oil passage 6 narrows. On the other hand, the viscosity of the brake oil 7 decreases as the temperature increases.
【００１２】したがって、油通路６の隙間が一定である
と、温度上昇につれて、減衰機能が減少することになる
が、この実施例の油減衰器10では、油通路６の隙間が温
度に比例して、つまり制動油７の粘性に逆比例して狭く
なるようになっているため、温度に関係なく常に一定の
減衰力を得ることがてきる。Therefore, if the gap of the oil passage 6 is constant, the damping function decreases as the temperature rises. However, in the oil attenuator 10 of this embodiment, the gap of the oil passage 6 is proportional to the temperature. That is, since the pressure becomes narrow in inverse proportion to the viscosity of the brake oil 7, a constant damping force can be always obtained regardless of the temperature.
【００１３】つまり、減衰力を示す関係式は［数１］式
で表され、減衰力はαに比例する。That is, the relational expression indicating the damping force is expressed by the following [Equation 1], and the damping force is proportional to α.
【数１】α＝（６ηl）／（πｔ3ｒ） ここで、η： 制動油の粘性係数 ｌ： 振り子（ピストン）の長さ ｒ： 振り子（ピストン）の半径 ｔ： 油通路の隙間 したがって、油減衰器10の使用温度範囲内でαがほぼ一
定となるように、ケース内壁５の素材を選定することに
より、当該温度範囲内で油減衰器10の減衰力をほぼ一定
に保つことが可能となる。Α = (6ηl) / (πt 3 r) where η: viscosity coefficient of brake oil l: length of pendulum (piston) r: radius of pendulum (piston) t: gap of oil passage The damping force of the oil attenuator 10 can be kept substantially constant within the temperature range by selecting the material of the case inner wall 5 so that α is substantially constant within the operating temperature range of the oil attenuator 10. Becomes
【００１４】次に、振り子１に測定衝撃値を越える大き
な衝撃が加えられると、振り子１は作動室11の端部に衝
突して、振り子１が破壊されるおそれがある。この事態
を回避するため、この実施例のものでは次のような構成
をとっている。すなわち、作動室11の両端部が、その内
径（直径）を中央部の内径（直径）より小さく、かつ振
り子１の外径（２ｒ）よりわずかに大きな寸法（２ｒ＋
Δｄ）に形成されている。Next, when a large shock exceeding the measured shock value is applied to the pendulum 1, the pendulum 1 collides with the end of the working chamber 11, and the pendulum 1 may be broken. In order to avoid this situation, this embodiment has the following configuration. That is, both ends of the working chamber 11 have dimensions (2r +) whose inner diameter (diameter) is smaller than the inner diameter (diameter) of the central part and slightly larger than the outer diameter (2r) of the pendulum 1.
Δd).
【００１５】したがって、振り子１に大きな衝撃が加え
られて振り子１が作動室11の端部に高速で近づくと、作
動室11の端部に制動油が閉じ込められ、この油が等価的
に液体ばねとして機能し、振り子１に大きな減衰力を与
え、振り子１がケース３に衝突するときの衝撃力を緩和
するように作用する。これにより振り子１のケース３へ
の衝突による破壊が防止される。Therefore, when a large impact is applied to the pendulum 1 and the pendulum 1 approaches the end of the working chamber 11 at a high speed, the brake oil is trapped in the end of the working chamber 11, and this oil is equivalent to a liquid spring. And provides a large damping force to the pendulum 1 and acts to reduce the impact force when the pendulum 1 collides with the case 3. This prevents the pendulum 1 from being broken by the collision with the case 3.
【００１６】実際の使用において、Δd/2を油通路６の
正規の隙間ｔの1/2とするとき、振り子１に作用する減
衰力は８倍となる。このように、この実施例のもので
は、油減衰器の欠点である温度特性の悪さを補償するだ
けでなく、衝撃による振り子１の破壊を防止することが
できるという利点が得られる。In actual use, when .DELTA.d / 2 is set to 1/2 of the regular clearance t of the oil passage 6, the damping force acting on the pendulum 1 becomes eight times. As described above, this embodiment has the advantage of not only compensating for the poor temperature characteristics, which is a drawback of the oil attenuator, but also preventing the pendulum 1 from being broken by impact.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明の衝撃振動
計用減衰器によれば、次のような効果ないし利点が得ら
れる。 (1) 油減衰器の温度特性を良好にすることができる。 (2) 油減衰器に内蔵されている振り子が衝撃により破壊
されるのを防止することができる。As described above, according to the attenuator for the shock vibrometer of the present invention, the following effects and advantages can be obtained. (1) The temperature characteristics of the oil attenuator can be improved. (2) The pendulum built into the oil attenuator can be prevented from being broken by impact.
【図１】本発明の一実施例としての衝撃振動計用減衰器
の側断面図である。FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an attenuator for a shock vibrometer as one embodiment of the present invention.
１ 振り子 ２ 電磁コイル ３ ケース ４ 振り子支持バネ ５ ケース内壁 ６ 油通路 ７ 制動油 ８ 衝撃クッション部 ９ 出力コネクタ 10 油減衰器 11 作動室 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pendulum 2 Electromagnetic coil 3 Case 4 Pendulum support spring 5 Case inner wall 6 Oil passage 7 Brake oil 8 Impact cushion 9 Output connector 10 Oil attenuator 11 Working chamber
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 川本 要次 長崎市深堀町５丁目717番１号 三菱重 工業株式会社 長崎研究所内 (56)参考文献 特開 平５−126621（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−312665（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−170064（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G01H 1/00 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Kazuji Kawamoto 5-717-1 Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki City Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagasaki Research Laboratory (56) References JP-A-5-126621 (JP, A) JP-A-5-312665 (JP, A) JP-A-3-170064 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) G01H 1/00
Claims (2)
動油を充填される作動室を形成されたケースと、上記作
動室の内部で同作動室の軸線方向への移動を可能に配設
されて同作動室の内壁との間に油通路を形成する振り子
とをそなえ、上記作動室の内壁が、熱膨張係数の大きな
素材で構成されていることを特徴とする、衝撃振動計用
減衰器。1. An attenuator for an impact vibrometer, comprising: a case in which a working chamber filled with a braking oil is formed; and a movable chamber in the working chamber which is movable in an axial direction. And a pendulum forming an oil passage between itself and the inner wall of the working chamber, wherein the inner wall of the working chamber is made of a material having a large thermal expansion coefficient. vessel.
おいて、上記作動室が、両端部の内径を中央部の内径よ
り小径に形成され、上記振り子が上記作動室の端部に近
づくとき、上記制動油を当該端部に閉じ込めうるように
構成されていることを特徴とする、衝撃振動計用減衰
器。2. The attenuator for a shock vibrometer according to claim 1, wherein the working chamber is formed such that inner diameters of both ends are smaller than an inner diameter of a central part, and the pendulum approaches an end of the working chamber. The damping device for an impact vibrometer is characterized in that the damping oil is confined in the end portion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05340809A JP3137158B2 (en) | 1993-12-09 | 1993-12-09 | Shock vibrometer attenuator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05340809A JP3137158B2 (en) | 1993-12-09 | 1993-12-09 | Shock vibrometer attenuator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07159229A JPH07159229A (en) | 1995-06-23 |
| JP3137158B2 true JP3137158B2 (en) | 2001-02-19 |
Family
ID=18340497
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05340809A Expired - Fee Related JP3137158B2 (en) | 1993-12-09 | 1993-12-09 | Shock vibrometer attenuator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3137158B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20000017778A (en) * | 1999-12-03 | 2000-04-06 | 이승현 | Power machine |
| KR20000017819A (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2000-04-06 | 이승현 | Power machine |
| US8443673B2 (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2013-05-21 | Lumedyne Technologies Incorporated | High sensitivity geophone |
-
1993
- 1993-12-09 JP JP05340809A patent/JP3137158B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07159229A (en) | 1995-06-23 |
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