JP3129035B2 - Water heater - Google Patents
Water heaterInfo
- Publication number
- JP3129035B2 JP3129035B2 JP05162140A JP16214093A JP3129035B2 JP 3129035 B2 JP3129035 B2 JP 3129035B2 JP 05162140 A JP05162140 A JP 05162140A JP 16214093 A JP16214093 A JP 16214093A JP 3129035 B2 JP3129035 B2 JP 3129035B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flow rate
- hot water
- heat exchanger
- control valve
- bypass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 177
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、流量を調節するバイパ
ス流量制御弁を備えたバイパス管路により入水管路と出
湯管路とが連通された給湯装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot water supply system in which a water inlet pipe and a hot water pipe are connected by a bypass pipe having a bypass flow rate control valve for adjusting a flow rate.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来この種の給湯装置には、図３に示す
ようなものがあった（例えば、特開平５−４５００３号
公報）。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a hot water supply apparatus of this kind as shown in FIG. 3 (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-45003).
【０００３】図３は従来の給湯装置の概略構成図であ
り、バーナ１により加熱される熱交換器２の入口側に入
水管路３を接続し、出口側に出湯管路４を接続し、入水
管路３と出湯管路４とに熱交換器２をバイパスするバイ
パス管路５の両端を連通開口させて成り、入水管路３の
バイパス管路５の分岐部より上流側に入水温度Tcを検出
する入水温度検出センサ６ｓと、入水量Qiを検出する入
水量検出センサ（Qs）６とを設け、出湯管路４のバイパ
ス管路５の接続部より下流側に出湯温度Tmを検出する出
湯温度検出センサ７と過流出防止弁８を設け、バイパス
管路５にポテンショメータ等の開度検知手段を有し、バ
イパス流量Qbを調整する全閉可能なバイパス弁９を設け
た給湯装置が知られている。FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional hot water supply apparatus, in which a water inlet line 3 is connected to an inlet side of a heat exchanger 2 heated by a burner 1, and a water outlet line 4 is connected to an outlet side. Both ends of a bypass pipe 5 that bypasses the heat exchanger 2 are connected to the water inlet pipe 3 and the hot water pipe 4 at both ends thereof, and the water inlet temperature Tc is set upstream of the branch of the bypass pipe 5 of the water inlet pipe 3. Temperature detection sensor 6s for detecting the water temperature and a water input amount detection sensor (Qs) 6 for detecting the water input amount Qi, and detects the tap water temperature Tm downstream from the connection of the bypass pipe 5 of the tap water pipe 4. A hot water supply device provided with a tapping temperature detection sensor 7 and an overflow prevention valve 8, an opening detecting means such as a potentiometer in a bypass pipe line 5, and a bypass valve 9 that can be fully closed to adjust a bypass flow rate Qb is known. Have been.
【０００４】このような給湯装置においては、バイパス
弁９の開度とバイパス流量Qbとの関係を予め求めてお
き、過流出防止弁８の開度により設定される全通水量で
ある入水量Qiとバイパス流量Qbの差として求められ、熱
交換器２に通水される加熱水量Qa＝Qi−Qbとバイパス流
量Qbとの分配比ｋ＝Qa／Qbを上記バイパス弁９の開度に
対応させて予め記憶しておき、開度検知手段により検出
されたバイパス弁９の開度から加熱水量Qaを予測算出
し、ガス弁１０の開度を調節して、加熱目標湯温Tsiに対
応するように、バーナ１への供給ガス量を制御している
（フィードフォワード制御）。上記フィードフォワード
制御においては、加熱目標湯温Tsiは設定温度Tsよりも
高く（Tsi＞Ts）設定されており、実際の出湯温度Tmと
設定温度Tsとの偏差によりバイパス弁９の開度が調節さ
れる。In such a hot water supply apparatus, the relationship between the opening degree of the bypass valve 9 and the bypass flow rate Qb is obtained in advance, and the incoming water quantity Qi, which is the total flow rate set by the opening degree of the overflow prevention valve 8, is determined. And the distribution ratio k = Qa / Qb between the heating water amount Qa = Qi−Qb and the bypass flow rate Qb that is passed through the heat exchanger 2 is made to correspond to the opening of the bypass valve 9. The heating water amount Qa is predicted and calculated from the opening degree of the bypass valve 9 detected by the opening degree detection means, and the opening degree of the gas valve 10 is adjusted to correspond to the heating target hot water temperature Tsi. Next, the amount of gas supplied to the burner 1 is controlled (feedforward control). In the feedforward control, the target hot water temperature Tsi is set higher than the set temperature Ts (Tsi> Ts), and the opening of the bypass valve 9 is adjusted by the deviation between the actual hot water temperature Tm and the set temperature Ts. Is done.
【０００５】なお図３の給湯装置において、電磁弁１１
は熱交換器２の結露を防止するためのものである。つま
り、運転スイッチをオフにして給湯場所に設けられた給
湯栓を開放したり、または入水量をバーナ１が燃焼しな
い最低作動水量以下の低水量とした時など、給湯装置を
介して冷水のみを出水する際、熱交換器２に通水するこ
となく出水を行い、熱交換器２の結露および低温腐食を
防止するため、バイパス弁９を全開するとともに、電磁
弁１１は閉止の状態にされる。[0005] In the water heater of FIG. 3, the solenoid valve 11
Is for preventing dew condensation on the heat exchanger 2. That is, when the operation switch is turned off and the hot water tap provided at the hot water supply location is opened, or when the water input amount is set to a low water amount equal to or less than the minimum working water amount at which the burner 1 does not burn, only the cold water is supplied through the hot water supply device. When the water is discharged, the water is discharged without passing through the heat exchanger 2, and the bypass valve 9 is fully opened and the electromagnetic valve 11 is closed in order to prevent dew condensation and low-temperature corrosion of the heat exchanger 2. .
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記従来
の構成では、次のような課題を有していた。However, the above-mentioned conventional configuration has the following problems.
【０００７】例えば水だけを出す時は問題ないが、最も
多く使われる４０℃前後の湯を夏場など水温が高い時に
出湯した場合、熱交換器２が結露するという課題を有し
ていた。これは最近、地球環境を考慮してガスや石油等
を燃焼する給湯装置においても、低Ｎｏｘ化の方向に進
みつつあり、そのような給湯装置における燃焼は空気過
剰率ｍ値を低く制御する傾向にある。そのｍ値が低いこ
とにより、熱交換器２の出口温度が４７〜４８℃以下に
おいては結露する場合が発生する。ここで夏場にぬるい
めのシャワーを浴びるために３８℃に温度設定し、給湯
装置に供給される水道水の水温が３５℃であったなら、
上記構成の給湯装置で熱交換器２の出口温度を結露しな
い温度５０℃以上に保つためには、バイパス管路５と熱
交換器２のそれぞれの流量の割合は４対１でなくてはな
らない。つまり熱交換器２を通る流路の圧損に対しバイ
パス管路５の圧損が５分の１以下でなくてはならないこ
とになる。しかし、このような条件を満足しようとする
と、非常に太いバイパス管路５および大型のバイパス弁
９を必要とすることになる。したがって、コストおよび
寸法の面からも実現しにくいという課題があった。[0007] For example, there is no problem when only water is discharged, but when hot water of around 40 ° C, which is most frequently used, is discharged when the water temperature is high such as in summer, there is a problem that the heat exchanger 2 forms dew. In recent years, even in a hot water supply system that burns gas, oil, or the like in consideration of the global environment, the trend toward lower NOx has been progressing, and the combustion in such a hot water supply system tends to control the excess air ratio m value to be low. It is in. When the m value is low, when the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger 2 is 47 to 48 ° C. or less, dew condensation may occur. Here, if the temperature is set to 38 ° C. to take a warm shower in summer and the temperature of tap water supplied to the water heater is 35 ° C.,
In order to maintain the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger 2 at the non-condensing temperature of 50 ° C. or higher in the hot water supply apparatus having the above configuration, the ratio of the flow rates of the bypass pipe 5 and the heat exchanger 2 must be 4: 1. . That is, the pressure loss of the bypass pipe 5 must be equal to or less than one fifth of the pressure loss of the flow path passing through the heat exchanger 2. However, in order to satisfy such conditions, a very thick bypass pipe 5 and a large bypass valve 9 are required. Therefore, there has been a problem that it is difficult to realize the cost and size.
【０００８】本発明は上記従来の課題を解決するもの
で、低い温度の湯を出湯する場合においても、熱交換器
の結露を防止できる給湯装置を提供することを第１の目
的としている。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is a first object of the present invention to provide a hot water supply apparatus capable of preventing dew condensation in a heat exchanger even when tapping low-temperature hot water.
【０００９】本発明の第２の目的は、同じく熱交換器の
結露を防止しつつ特に出湯温度安定性のよい給湯装置を
提供することにある。A second object of the present invention is to provide a hot water supply apparatus which also prevents dew condensation in the heat exchanger and has particularly good tapping temperature stability.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の第１の目的を達成
するために本発明の給湯装置は、熱交換器の１次側に接
続された入水管路と、前記熱交換器の２次側に接続され
た出湯管路と、前記熱交換器をバイパスし前記入水管路
と前記出湯管路を接続するバイパス管路と、前記バイパ
ス管路に設けられ電気信号により流量を任意可変できる
バイパス流量制御弁と、前記入水管路の前記バイパス管
路との分岐部より下流側かつ前記熱交換器より上流側に
設けられ電気信号により流量を任意可変できる加熱流量
制御弁と、前記出湯管路に設けられた湯温検出器と、前
記加熱流量制御弁および前記バイパス流量制御弁を作動
させる制御器とを備えたものである。In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides a hot water supply apparatus comprising: a water inlet pipe connected to a primary side of a heat exchanger; A hot water line connected to the side, a bypass line bypassing the heat exchanger and connecting the water inlet line and the hot water line, and a bypass provided in the bypass line and capable of arbitrarily changing a flow rate by an electric signal. A flow control valve, a heating flow control valve provided downstream of a branch of the water inlet pipe with the bypass pipe and upstream of the heat exchanger and capable of arbitrarily changing a flow rate by an electric signal; and And a controller for operating the heating flow rate control valve and the bypass flow rate control valve.
【００１１】また第２の目的を達成するために本発明の
給湯装置は、熱交換器の１次側に接続された入水管路
と、前記熱交換器の２次側に接続された出湯管路と、前
記熱交換器をバイパスし前記入水管路と前記出湯管路を
接続するバイパス管路と、前記バイパス管路に設けられ
電気信号により流量を任意可変できるバイパス流量制御
弁と、前記入水管路の前記バイパス管路との分岐部より
下流側かつ前記熱交換器より上流側に設けられ電気信号
により流量を任意可変できる加熱流量制御弁と、前記熱
交換器を加熱する燃焼器と、前記燃焼器の燃焼加熱量を
加減する加熱量可変手段と、前記入水管路に設けられた
水温検出器および水量検出器と、出湯管路に設けられた
湯温検出器および混合湯温検出器と、所望の設定湯温を
指示設定する設定器と、前記設定器、水温検出器、湯温
検出器、混合湯温検出器の各信号に基づいて加熱量可変
手段、前記加熱流量制御弁および前記バイパス流量制御
弁を操作する制御器とを備えたものである。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hot water supply apparatus comprising: a water inlet pipe connected to a primary side of a heat exchanger; and a hot water pipe connected to a secondary side of the heat exchanger. A bypass line for bypassing the heat exchanger and connecting the water inlet line and the tapping line; a bypass flow control valve provided in the bypass line and capable of arbitrarily varying a flow rate by an electric signal; A heating flow rate control valve provided downstream of the branch of the water pipeline with the bypass pipeline and upstream of the heat exchanger and capable of arbitrarily varying the flow rate by an electric signal, and a combustor for heating the heat exchanger; Heating amount variable means for adjusting the combustion heating amount of the combustor, a water temperature detector and a water amount detector provided in the water inlet line, and a water temperature detector and a mixed water temperature detector provided in the outlet line And a setting device for indicating and setting a desired set hot water temperature And a controller for operating the heating amount variable means, the heating flow rate control valve and the bypass flow rate control valve based on each signal of the setter, the water temperature detector, the hot water temperature detector, and the mixed hot water temperature detector. Things.
【００１２】[0012]
【作用】本発明の給湯装置は上記した構成によって、熱
交換器流量を減少するようにバイパス管路との分岐部よ
り下流側に設けられた入水管路の加熱流量制御弁を駆動
し、バイパス管路の流量を増大さすようにバイパス流量
制御弁を駆動することによって、熱交換器の温度が結露
しない温度以上に保たれるように作用する。With the above arrangement, the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention drives the heating flow rate control valve of the water inlet pipe provided downstream of the junction with the bypass pipe so as to reduce the flow rate of the heat exchanger. By driving the bypass flow control valve so as to increase the flow rate in the pipeline, it works so that the temperature of the heat exchanger is maintained at a temperature higher than the non-condensing temperature.
【００１３】また、本発明の給湯装置は前記構成によ
り、設定器で設定された設定湯温に対して、水温検出器
および湯温検出器の温度信号と水量検出器の流量信号を
基に制御器が演算し、加熱流量制御弁およびバイパス流
量制御弁ならびに加熱流量制御手段をフィードフォワー
ド制御し、さらに混合湯温検出器の温度信号によりフィ
ードバック制御され、熱交換器を結露しない高めの温度
に保ちつつ、後沸き等による出湯温度の変動を抑制し、
安定した出湯湯温特性を保つように作用する。Further, with the above configuration, the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention controls the hot water temperature set by the setter based on the water temperature detector, the temperature signal of the hot water detector and the flow rate signal of the water amount detector. The heater calculates and controls the heating flow rate control valve, the bypass flow rate control valve and the heating flow rate control means in a feed-forward manner, and is further feedback-controlled by the temperature signal of the mixed hot water temperature detector to keep the heat exchanger at a high temperature without dew condensation. While suppressing fluctuations in tapping temperature due to post boiling, etc.
It acts to maintain stable tap water temperature characteristics.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面を用いて説明す
る。まず図１において加熱量可変手段１２に連通する燃
焼器１３により加熱される熱交換器１４の１次側に入水
管路１５を、２次側に出湯管路１６を接続し、入水管路
１５と出湯管路１６とに熱交換器１４をバイパスするバ
イパス管路１７の両端を連通開口させて成り、入水管路
１５のバイパス管路１７の分岐部より上流側に入水温度
Tcを検出する水温検出器１９と、入水量Ｑを検出する水
量検出器２０とを設け、下流側に電気信号により流量を
任意に可変できる加熱流量制御弁２１を設けると共に、
出湯管路１６のバイパス管路１７との合流部２２より上
流側に熱交換器１４の出口温度Thを検出する湯温検出器
２３と、下流側に出湯温度Tmを検出する混合湯温検出器
２４を設け、バイパス管路１７に電気信号により流量を
任意に可変でき開度検知可能なバイパス流量制御弁２５
と、加熱流量制御弁２１およびバイパス流量制御弁２５
を作動させる制御器２６を設けた構成である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, in FIG. 1, a water inlet line 15 is connected to a primary side of a heat exchanger 14 heated by a combustor 13 communicating with a heating amount variable means 12, and a water outlet line 16 is connected to a secondary side. The hot water outlet line 16 is formed by connecting both ends of a bypass line 17 that bypasses the heat exchanger 14 to the heat exchanger 14, and the inlet water temperature is set upstream of the branch of the bypass line 17 of the water inlet line 15.
A water temperature detector 19 for detecting Tc and a water amount detector 20 for detecting the amount of incoming water Q are provided, and a heating flow rate control valve 21 capable of arbitrarily varying the flow rate by an electric signal is provided on the downstream side,
A hot water temperature detector 23 that detects the outlet temperature Th of the heat exchanger 14 on the upstream side of the junction 22 of the hot water pipe 16 with the bypass pipe 17 and a mixed hot water temperature detector that detects the hot water temperature Tm on the downstream side. 24, a bypass flow control valve 25 capable of arbitrarily changing the flow rate by an electric signal in the bypass conduit 17 and detecting the opening degree.
And the heating flow control valve 21 and the bypass flow control valve 25
This is a configuration in which a controller 26 for operating is provided.
【００１５】次に上記実施例の作用、動作について説明
する。まず、給湯時の動作について説明すると、運転ス
イッチおよび電源スイッチをオンの状態で、使用者が給
湯栓いわゆる蛇口を開くと加熱流量制御弁２１とバイパ
ス流量制御弁２５の開度により設定される全通水量であ
る入水量Ｑが、熱交換器１４に通水される加熱水量Qaと
バイパス管路２５に流れるバイパス流量Qbとに分流され
る。加熱水量Qaが熱交換器１４で加熱された後、出湯管
路１６でバイパス管路１７からのバイパス流量Qbが混合
されて出湯温度Tmの湯温が出湯される。Next, the operation and operation of the above embodiment will be described. First, the operation at the time of hot water supply will be described. When the user opens a so-called faucet while the operation switch and the power switch are turned on, the total amount set by the opening of the heating flow control valve 21 and the bypass flow control valve 25 is set. The water input amount Q, which is the water flow amount, is divided into the heating water amount Qa flowing through the heat exchanger 14 and the bypass flow rate Qb flowing through the bypass pipe 25. After the heating water amount Qa is heated by the heat exchanger 14, the bypass flow rate Qb from the bypass pipe line 17 is mixed in the tap water pipe line 16, and the tap water temperature Tm is discharged.
【００１６】ここで、例えば夏場で水道水の温度が３０
℃前後になっていて、４０℃のシャワーを浴びようとし
た場合、湯温検出器２３の温度が例えば５０℃になるよ
うに加熱流量制御弁２１および加熱量可変手段１２が制
御され、かつ混合湯温検出器２４の温度が４０℃になる
ようにバイパス流量制御弁２５が駆動制御される。Here, for example, when the temperature of tap water is 30 in summer,
If the temperature is around 40 ° C. and an attempt is made to take a shower at 40 ° C., the heating flow control valve 21 and the heating amount variable means 12 are controlled so that the temperature of the hot water detector 23 becomes, for example, 50 ° C. The bypass flow control valve 25 is drive-controlled so that the temperature of the hot water temperature detector 24 becomes 40 ° C.
【００１７】つまり、入水温が高めでかつ出湯湯温を低
く設定された場合でも、熱交換器１４の流量を減少する
ようにバイパス管路１７との分岐部１８より下流側に設
けられた入水管路１５の加熱流量制御弁２１を駆動し、
バイパス管路１７の流量を増大さすようにバイパス流量
制御弁２５が駆動されることによって、熱交換器１４の
温度が結露しない温度以上に保たれるように作用する。
これは、加熱流量制御弁２１およびバイパス流量制御弁
２５が、モータやソレノイド等のアクチュエータを備え
電気信号により連続的にそれぞれの弁体開度を任意に可
変できるため、熱交換器１４の出口温度が高くてもバイ
パス管路１７の水流量の割合を任意に増大できるためで
ある。That is, even when the incoming water temperature is set high and the temperature of the hot water is set low, the inlet provided downstream of the branch 18 to the bypass line 17 so as to reduce the flow rate of the heat exchanger 14. The heating flow control valve 21 of the water pipe 15 is driven,
By driving the bypass flow rate control valve 25 so as to increase the flow rate in the bypass conduit 17, the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 acts so as to be maintained at a temperature higher than the non-condensing temperature.
This is because the heating flow rate control valve 21 and the bypass flow rate control valve 25 are provided with an actuator such as a motor or a solenoid, and can continuously change the respective valve body opening degrees arbitrarily by an electric signal. This is because the ratio of the flow rate of water in the bypass pipe line 17 can be arbitrarily increased even if the value is high.
【００１８】また、この実施例の給湯装置は熱交換器１
４の結露を防止でき低温腐食の発生が抑えられるという
だけではなく、図３のような従来の構成の給湯装置と比
較して、単位時間当りの出湯流量をより多く得ることが
できる。なぜなら図１の本実施例の場合、熱交換器１４
を通った湯とバイパス管路１７の水とが合流部２２で混
合された後、図３の従来例のように余分な圧損になる過
流出防止弁８を必要としないためである。しかも本実施
例の加熱流量制御弁２１およびバイパス流量制御弁２５
は、いずれも水しか通らない場所に設けた構成であり、
制御弁の構成材料として金属でなく樹脂材料が使用可能
となり、製造しやすくコストも安価にできる効果があ
る。また制御弁の耐久信頼性の面でも有利である。Further, the hot water supply apparatus of this embodiment has a heat exchanger 1
Not only 4 can prevent dew condensation and the generation of low-temperature corrosion is suppressed, it can be compared to the water heater of the conventional configuration as shown in FIG. 3, to obtain more of the hot water flow rate per unit time. This is because in the case of the present embodiment shown in FIG.
This is because, after the hot water that has passed and the water in the bypass pipe 17 are mixed at the junction 22, there is no need for the excessive outflow prevention valve 8 that causes an extra pressure loss as in the conventional example of FIG. 3 . Moreover, the heating flow control valve 21 and the bypass flow control valve 25 of the present embodiment
Is a configuration provided in a place where only water can pass,
A resin material instead of a metal can be used as a constituent material of the control valve, which has an effect of being easy to manufacture and reducing the cost. It is also advantageous in terms of durability reliability of the control valve.
【００１９】また、図２に第３の実施例を示す。図２の
実施例の給湯装置は、熱交換器１４の１次側に接続され
た入水管路１５と、熱交換器１４の２次側に接続された
出湯管路１６と、熱交換器１４をバイパスし入水管路１
５と出湯管路１６を接続するバイパス管路１７と、バイ
パス管路１７に設けられ電気信号により流量を任意可変
できるバイパス流量制御弁２５と、出湯管路１６に設け
られ電気信号により流量を任意可変できる加熱流量制御
弁２１と、熱交換器１４を加熱する燃焼器１３と、燃焼
器１３の燃焼加熱量を加減する加熱量可変手段１２と、
入水管路１５に設けられた水温検出器１９および水量検
出器２０と、出湯管路１６に設けられた湯温検出器２３
および混合湯温検出器２４と、所望の設定湯温を指示設
定する設定器２７と、設定器２７、水温検出器１９、湯
温検出器２３、混合湯温検出器２４の各信号に基づいて
加熱量可変手段１２、加熱流量制御弁２１およびバイパ
ス流量制御弁２５を操作する制御器２６とを備えた構成
である。FIG. 2 shows a third embodiment. The hot water supply apparatus of the embodiment of FIG. 2 includes a water inlet line 15 connected to the primary side of the heat exchanger 14, a hot water line 16 connected to the secondary side of the heat exchanger 14, and a heat exchanger 14. To bypass the water intake line 1
A bypass line 17 connecting the tapping line 5 to the tapping line 16; a bypass flow rate control valve 25 provided in the bypass line 17 and capable of arbitrarily varying the flow rate by an electric signal; A heating flow control valve 21 that can be varied, a combustor 13 that heats the heat exchanger 14, a heating amount variable unit 12 that adjusts a heating amount of combustion of the combustor 13,
A water temperature detector 19 and a water amount detector 20 provided in the water inlet line 15, and a water temperature detector 23 provided in the outlet line 16.
And a mixed hot water temperature detector 24, a setting device 27 for instructing and setting a desired set hot water temperature, and a setting device 27, a water temperature detector 19, a hot water temperature detector 23, and a mixed hot water temperature detector 24. The configuration includes a heating amount variable means 12, a heating flow control valve 21, and a controller 26 for operating a bypass flow control valve 25.
【００２０】次に上記実施例の作用、動作について説明
する。まず、給湯時の動作について説明すると、運転ス
イッチおよび電源スイッチをオンの状態で使用者が給湯
栓いわゆる蛇口を開くと、まず熱交換器１４の出口側に
設けられた湯温検出器２３の検出温度信号と設定器２７
の設定温度信号および水量検出器２０の検出流量信号に
応じて、加熱流量制御弁２１とバイパス流量制御弁２５
の開度および加熱量可変手段１２とが制御器２６によっ
てただちにフィードフォワード制御される。例えば、使
用者が蛇口を開いて湯を出していて、途中で一旦蛇口を
閉じて再度蛇口を開いて再出湯する場合は、いわゆる後
沸きにより熱交換器１４の部分の湯は出湯中の温度より
数十度高温になるが、その湯温を湯温検出器２３が検出
し、設定器２７の設定温度にするには水温検出器１９の
検出した温度の水とどれだけの割合に混合すればよいか
を制御器２６が演算し、その演算結果に基づいて加熱流
量制御弁２１とバイパス流量制御弁２５の弁開度を制御
器２６によってフィードフォワード制御される。さら
に、混合された湯温は混合湯温検出器２４の検出信号に
より、制御器２６にてフィードバック制御され、設定温
度の湯が安定して蛇口に供給されるよう加熱流量制御弁
２１とバイパス流量制御弁２５および加熱量可変手段１
２が制御される。Next, the operation and operation of the above embodiment will be described. First, the operation at the time of hot water supply will be described. When the user opens a so-called faucet while the operation switch and the power switch are on, first, the hot water temperature detector 23 provided at the outlet side of the heat exchanger 14 detects the hot water. Temperature signal and setting device 27
Heating flow control valve 21 and bypass flow control valve 25 in accordance with the set temperature signal of
The opening degree and heating amount varying means 12 are immediately feed-forward controlled by the controller 26. For example, when the user opens the faucet and discharges hot water, and closes the faucet once, opens the faucet again, and then re-heats the water, the hot water in the heat exchanger 14 is heated by the so-called post-boiling. Although the temperature becomes several tens of degrees higher, the hot water temperature is detected by the hot water temperature detector 23, and the temperature of the hot water is detected by the water temperature detector 19 in order to reach the set temperature of the setter 27. The controller 26 calculates whether or not to do so, and based on the calculation result, the controller 26 feed-forward controls the valve opening of the heating flow control valve 21 and the bypass flow control valve 25. Further, the temperature of the mixed hot water is feedback-controlled by the controller 26 in accordance with the detection signal of the mixed hot water temperature detector 24. Control valve 25 and heating variable means 1
2 is controlled.
【００２１】また、使用者が蛇口を開いて湯を出してい
て、途中で一旦蛇口を閉じて再度蛇口を開いて再出湯す
る場合、上記したいわゆる後沸き現象の他にサンドイッ
チ現象といって燃焼器１３が一旦消火して再着火燃焼す
るまでの間、熱交換器１４内を加熱されずに通過した水
が出湯管路１６に流れてくる。この現象は再出湯時に必
ず生ずる現象であり、再着火時には加熱流量制御弁２１
の開度を燃焼器１３が着火可能な最小流量にするよう制
御器２６がコントロールするようにしてあるので、この
サンドイッチ現象による出湯温度低下を最小限にするこ
とができる。もちろんこの間も設定器２７の設定温度と
湯温検出器２３の温度信号に応じて、バイパス流量制御
弁２５の開度も制御されている。When the user opens the faucet and discharges hot water, and closes the faucet once and opens the faucet again to discharge hot water, in addition to the above-mentioned so-called post-boiling phenomenon, the burning phenomenon is called a sandwich phenomenon. The water that has passed through the heat exchanger 14 without being heated flows into the tapping line 16 until the heat is extinguished and the reignition burns. This phenomenon always occurs at the time of re-starting the hot water.
Is controlled by the controller 26 so that the opening degree is set to the minimum flow rate at which the combustor 13 can ignite, so that the drop in tap water temperature due to the sandwich phenomenon can be minimized. Of course, also during this time, the opening of the bypass flow control valve 25 is controlled in accordance with the set temperature of the setter 27 and the temperature signal of the hot water detector 23.
【００２２】また、制御器２６が加熱量可変手段１２の
制御を介して燃焼器１３の最大能力燃焼させても、設定
器２７の設定温度に対して混合湯温検出器２４の検出温
度が低くなる場合は、加熱流量制御弁２１が加熱流量を
絞り、加熱負荷を低減するように制御され、設定温度出
湯を可能にするようコントロールされる。Further, even if the controller 26 causes the combustor 13 to perform the maximum capacity combustion under the control of the heating amount variable means 12, the detected temperature of the mixed hot water temperature detector 24 becomes lower than the set temperature of the setter 27. If so, the heating flow control valve 21 is controlled so as to reduce the heating flow rate and reduce the heating load, and is controlled so as to enable tapping at the set temperature.
【００２３】このように制御器２６が、設定器２７、水
温検出器１９、湯温検出器２３、混合湯温検出器２４の
各信号に基づいて加熱量可変手段１２、加熱流量制御弁
２１およびバイパス流量制御弁２５を操作することによ
り、いわゆる後沸きやサンドイッチ現象等による出湯温
度の変動を抑制し、安定した出湯湯温特性を得ることが
できる。As described above, the controller 26 controls the heating amount varying means 12, the heating flow rate control valve 21 and the heating flow rate control means 21 based on the signals from the setter 27, the water temperature detector 19, the hot water temperature detector 23 and the mixed hot water temperature detector 24. By operating the bypass flow rate control valve 25, fluctuations in tapping temperature due to so-called post-boiling or a sandwich phenomenon can be suppressed, and stable tapping temperature characteristics can be obtained.
【００２４】また、例えば夏場で水道水の温度が３０℃
前後になっていて、４０℃のシャワーを浴びようとした
場合、湯温検出器２３の温度が例えば５０℃になるよう
に加熱流量制御弁２１および加熱量可変手段１２が制御
され、かつ混合湯温検出器２４の温度が４０℃になるよ
うにバイパス流量制御弁２５が駆動制御される。Further, for example, when the temperature of tap water is 30.degree.
When the temperature is about 40 ° C., the heating flow rate control valve 21 and the heating amount varying means 12 are controlled so that the temperature of the hot water temperature detector 23 becomes, for example, 50 ° C. The drive of the bypass flow control valve 25 is controlled so that the temperature of the temperature detector 24 becomes 40 ° C.
【００２５】つまり、入水温が高めでかつ出湯湯温を低
く設定された場合でも、熱交換器１１４の流量を減少す
るようにバイパス管路１７との合流部２２より上流側に
設けられた出湯管路１６の加熱流量制御弁２１を駆動
し、バイパス管路１７の流量を増大さすようにバイパス
流量制御弁２１を制御器２６が駆動することによって、
熱交換器１４の温度が結露しない温度以上に保つことで
きる。これは、加熱流量制御弁２１およびバイパス流量
制御弁２５が、モータやソレノイド等のアクチュエータ
を備え電気信号により連続的にそれぞれの弁体開度を任
意に可変できるため、熱交換器１４の出口温度が高くて
もバイパス管路１７の水流量の割合を任意に増大できる
ためである。That is, even when the incoming water temperature is set high and the outlet water temperature is set low, the tap water provided upstream of the junction 22 with the bypass pipe 17 so as to reduce the flow rate of the heat exchanger 114. By driving the heating flow control valve 21 in the pipe 16 and driving the bypass flow control valve 21 by the controller 26 so as to increase the flow rate in the bypass pipe 17,
The temperature of the heat exchanger 14 can be maintained at a temperature not lower than the temperature at which dew condensation does not occur. This is because the heating flow rate control valve 21 and the bypass flow rate control valve 25 are provided with an actuator such as a motor or a solenoid, and can continuously change the respective valve body opening degrees arbitrarily by an electric signal. This is because the ratio of the flow rate of water in the bypass pipe line 17 can be arbitrarily increased even if the value is high.
【００２６】また、この実施例の給湯装置は熱交換器１
４の結露を防止でき低温腐食の発生が抑えられるという
だけではなく、図３のような従来の構成の給湯装置と比
較して、単位時間当りの出湯流量をより多く得ることが
できる。なぜなら図２の本実施例の場合、熱交換器１４
を通った湯とバイパス管路１７の水とが合流部２２で混
合された後、図３の従来例のように余分な圧損になる過
流出防止弁８を必要としないためである。しかも本実施
例の加熱流量制御弁２１は、熱交換器１４の下流側でか
つバイパス管路１７との合流部２２より上流側に設けた
構成なので、熱交換器１４の加熱流量を減少させて熱交
換器１４の温度を例えば８０℃程度の高温に保つ場合に
おいて、熱交換器１４の内圧を高く維持できる。したが
って、熱交換器１４の部分沸騰を抑制でき、いわゆる釜
なり音を防止できるといった効果もある。Further, the hot water supply apparatus of this embodiment has a heat exchanger 1
Not only 4 can prevent dew condensation and the generation of low-temperature corrosion is suppressed, it can be compared to the water heater of the conventional configuration as shown in FIG. 3, to obtain more of the hot water flow rate per unit time. This is because the case of the embodiment of FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 14
This is because, after the hot water that has passed and the water in the bypass pipe 17 are mixed at the junction 22, there is no need for the excessive outflow prevention valve 8 that causes an extra pressure loss as in the conventional example of FIG. 3 . Moreover, since the heating flow control valve 21 of the present embodiment is provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 14 and on the upstream side of the junction 22 with the bypass pipe 17, the heating flow rate of the heat exchanger 14 is reduced. When the temperature of the heat exchanger 14 is maintained at a high temperature of, for example, about 80 ° C., the internal pressure of the heat exchanger 14 can be maintained high. Therefore, there is also an effect that the partial boiling of the heat exchanger 14 can be suppressed, and so-called kettle noise can be prevented.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明の給湯装置によれ
ば、次の効果が得られる。According to the water heater of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
【００２８】（１）バイパス管路に設けたバイパス流量
制御弁と、入水管路の前記バイパス管路への分岐部より
下流側の熱交換器との間に設けた加熱流量制御弁とによ
り、それぞれの流量を任意に可変制御できる構成なの
で、低い温度の湯を出湯する場合においても、熱交換器
の結露を防止できる給湯装置が得られる。かつ単位時間
当りの出湯流量をより多く得ることのできる低圧損の給
湯装置が得られる。しかも加熱流量制御弁およびバイパ
ス流量制御弁は、いずれも水しか通らない場所に設けた
構成であり、制御弁の構成材料として金属でなく樹脂材
料が使用可能となり、製造しやすくコストも安価にでき
る効果がある。(1) By a bypass flow rate control valve provided in a bypass pipe and a heating flow rate control valve provided between a heat exchanger downstream of a branch of the water inlet pipe to the bypass pipe, Since the respective flow rates can be arbitrarily variably controlled, a hot water supply device that can prevent dew condensation in the heat exchanger even when tapping low-temperature hot water can be obtained. In addition, a low-pressure-loss hot-water supply device capable of obtaining a higher flow rate of hot-water per unit time can be obtained. Moreover, the heating flow rate control valve and the bypass flow rate control valve are both provided at locations where only water can pass, so that a resin material can be used instead of a metal as a constituent material of the control valve, which can be easily manufactured and the cost can be reduced. effective.
【００２９】（２）制御器が、設定器、水温検出器、湯
温検出器、混合湯温検出器の各信号に基づいて加熱量可
変手段、出湯管路の加熱流量制御弁およびバイパス管路
のバイパス流量制御弁を操作する構成なので、上記した
熱交換器の結露防止や低圧損大流量および沸騰音防止な
どの効果に加えて、いわゆる後沸きやサンドイッチ現象
等による出湯温度の変動を抑制し、安定した出湯湯温特
性の給湯装置を得ることができる。(2) The controller controls the heating amount based on the signals from the setter, the water temperature detector, the hot water temperature detector, and the mixed hot water temperature detector, the heating flow rate control valve for the tapping line, and the bypass line. In addition to the above-mentioned effects of preventing condensation and low pressure loss large flow rate and boiling noise prevention of the heat exchanger, the configuration of operating the bypass flow rate control valve suppresses fluctuations in tapping temperature due to so-called post-boiling or sandwich phenomena. A hot water supply device having stable hot water temperature characteristics can be obtained.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施例における給湯装置の概略
構成図FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water supply apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同第２の実施例における給湯装置の概略構成図FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a water heater in the second embodiment.
【図３】従来の給湯装置の概略構成図FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional hot water supply device.
１２ 加熱量可変手段 １３ 燃焼器 １４ 熱交換器 １５ 入水管路 １６ 出湯管路 １７ バイパス管路 １９ 水温検出器 ２０ 水量検出器 ２１ 加熱流量制御弁 ２３ 湯温検出器 ２４ 混合湯温検出器 ２５ バイパス流量制御弁 ２６ 制御器 ２７ 設定器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Heat amount variable means 13 Combustor 14 Heat exchanger 15 Water inlet line 16 Hot water outlet line 17 Bypass line 19 Water temperature detector 20 Water amount detector 21 Heating flow control valve 23 Hot water temperature detector 24 Mixed hot water temperature detector 25 Bypass Flow control valve 26 Controller 27 Setting device
Claims (2)
と、前記熱交換器の２次側に接続された出湯管路と、前
記熱交換器をバイパスし前記入水管路と前記出湯管路を
接続するバイパス管路と、前記バイパス管路に設けられ
電気信号により流量を任意可変できるバイパス流量制御
弁と、前記入水管路の前記バイパス管路との分岐部より
下流側かつ前記熱交換器より上流側に設けられ電気信号
により流量を任意可変できる加熱流量制御弁と、前記出
湯管路に設けられた湯温検出器と、前記加熱流量制御弁
および前記バイパス流量制御弁を作動させる制御器とを
備えた給湯装置。1. A water inlet line connected to a primary side of a heat exchanger, a hot water line connected to a secondary side of the heat exchanger, and a water inlet line bypassing the heat exchanger. A bypass pipe connecting the tapping pipe, a bypass flow rate control valve provided in the bypass pipe, the flow rate of which can be arbitrarily varied by an electric signal; and a downstream side of a branch of the inlet pipe with the bypass pipe. A heating flow rate control valve provided upstream of the heat exchanger and capable of arbitrarily varying the flow rate by an electric signal; a hot water temperature detector provided in the tapping pipe; a heating flow rate control valve and the bypass flow rate control valve; A water heater comprising a controller to be activated.
と、前記熱交換器の２次側に接続された出湯管路と、前
記熱交換器をバイパスし前記入水管路と前記出湯管路を
接続するバイパス管路と、前記バイパス管路に設けられ
電気信号により流量を任意可変できるバイパス流量制御
弁と、前記入水管路の前記バイパス管路との分岐部より
下流側かつ前記熱交換器より上流側に設けられ電気信号
により流量を任意可変できる加熱流量制御弁と、前記熱
交換器を加熱する燃焼器と、前記燃焼器の燃焼加熱量を
加減する加熱量可変手段と、前記入水管路に設けられた
水温検出器および水量検出器と、出湯管路に設けられた
湯温検出器および混合湯温検出器と、所望の設定湯温を
指示設定する設定器と、前記設定器、水温検出器、湯温
検出器、混合湯温検出器の各信号に基づいて加熱量可変
手段、前記加熱流量制御弁および前記バイパス流量制御
弁を操作する制御器とを備えた給湯装置。2. A water inlet line connected to the primary side of the heat exchanger, a tap water line connected to the secondary side of the heat exchanger, and the water inlet line bypassing the heat exchanger. A bypass pipe connecting the tapping pipe, a bypass flow rate control valve provided in the bypass pipe, the flow rate of which can be arbitrarily varied by an electric signal; and a downstream side of a branch of the inlet pipe with the bypass pipe. A heating flow rate control valve provided upstream of the heat exchanger and capable of arbitrarily varying a flow rate by an electric signal, a combustor for heating the heat exchanger, and a heating amount variable means for adjusting a combustion heating amount of the combustor; A water temperature detector and a water amount detector provided in the water inlet pipe, a hot water detector and a mixed hot water detector provided in the tap water pipe, and a setting device for indicating and setting a desired set hot water temperature, The setting device, water temperature detector, hot water temperature detector, mixed hot water temperature detection A hot water supply device comprising: a heating amount variable means based on each signal of a dispenser; and a controller for operating the heating flow rate control valve and the bypass flow rate control valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05162140A JP3129035B2 (en) | 1993-06-30 | 1993-06-30 | Water heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05162140A JP3129035B2 (en) | 1993-06-30 | 1993-06-30 | Water heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0719596A JPH0719596A (en) | 1995-01-20 |
| JP3129035B2 true JP3129035B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 |
Family
ID=15748800
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05162140A Expired - Fee Related JP3129035B2 (en) | 1993-06-30 | 1993-06-30 | Water heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3129035B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5773199B2 (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2015-09-02 | 株式会社ノーリツ | Water heater |
| JP6537490B2 (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-07-03 | 中外炉工業株式会社 | Heat exchanger |
-
1993
- 1993-06-30 JP JP05162140A patent/JP3129035B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0719596A (en) | 1995-01-20 |
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