JP3127309B2 - Spherical organic fertilizer granules and granulation method thereof - Google Patents

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、有機質粉末が凝集して
なる高硬度の球状の有機質肥料粒状体および造粒効率の
すぐれた有機質肥料の造粒法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spherical organic fertilizer granule of high hardness formed by agglomeration of organic powder and a method of granulating an organic fertilizer having excellent granulation efficiency.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来、有機質原料を造粒して有機質肥料
を製造する方法は、有機質原料だけでは、粒子間の結合
力が弱いため、造粒するためには、尿素や燐安等の無機
質原料に、有機質原料を混合し造粒する必要があった。
この際に使用する造粒機としては一般にバドル型、パン
型、ドラム型等であり、造粒歩留が極めて悪い。この方
法によれば製品に占める有機物の含有割合が増加するに
つれて造粒歩留が悪くなり、有機質原料の混合割合はせ
いぜい６０重量％が限度である。さらに有機質原料の混
合割合の高い製品の造粒には、廃糖蜜等の造粒助剤を使
用しなければならなくなる。このことは製品の肥料成分
を低下させるのみならず、製品への着色とか悪臭の原因
にもなるので品質価値は低下し、またコスト上も不利と
なる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method of producing an organic fertilizer by granulating an organic raw material has been difficult because the bonding strength between particles is weak if only the organic raw material is used. It was necessary to mix and granulate the raw material with an organic raw material.
The granulator used at this time is generally a paddle type, a pan type, a drum type, etc., and the granulation yield is extremely poor. According to this method, as the content of organic matter in the product increases, the granulation yield becomes worse, and the mixing ratio of organic raw materials is limited to at most 60% by weight. Further, for granulating a product having a high mixing ratio of organic raw materials, a granulation auxiliary such as molasses must be used. This not only reduces the fertilizer component of the product, but also causes coloring and bad odor of the product, so that the quality value is reduced and the cost is disadvantageous.

【０００３】また、有機質原料の混合割合を増やすため
に、押出型造粒機等を使用する方法もあるが、この方式
では処理量あたりの設備費や運転費が高いため、経済的
でない欠点がある上、製品が、筒状の形のものしか得ら
れないため、機械施肥には向いていないといった問題点
がある。In order to increase the mixing ratio of the organic raw materials, there is a method using an extrusion-type granulator or the like. However, this method has a disadvantage that it is not economical because equipment costs and operating costs per throughput are high. In addition, there is a problem that the product is not suitable for machine fertilization because only a cylindrical product can be obtained.

【０００４】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】有機質原料からできて
おり、色相が良く、造粒助剤に起因するような悪臭もな
く、粒径１〜４ｍｍの球状であるので機械施肥に向いて
おり、しかも安価であるような高硬度の有機質肥料粒状
体およびそれを効率よく製造する方法を提供する。It is made of an organic material, has a good hue, does not have an offensive odor caused by a granulation aid, and has a spherical shape with a particle diameter of 1 to 4 mm, and is suitable for machine fertilization. In addition, the present invention provides an organic fertilizer granule having high hardness which is inexpensive and a method for efficiently producing the same.

【０００５】本発明者らは、上記の問題に鑑み鋭意研究
した結果、特定の粒径の粒子を特定量以上含む有機質粉
末のみが強固に凝集してなる高硬度の球状の有機質肥料
粒状体を見いだし、また有機質肥料をあらかじめ、細か
く粉砕した後、これらの原料粉末を第１段工程で凝集状
の粒子核を形成させ、該凝集物を第２段工程の造粒機へ
導き、粒子を成長、整粒させるといった２段造粒を行う
ことにより、有機質原料を効率よく連続的に球状に造粒
することが可能であることを見いだし本発明をなすに至
った。 The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies in view of the above problems, and as a result, have found that a high-hardness spherical organic fertilizer granule in which only organic powder containing particles having a specific particle size or more in a specific amount is strongly agglomerated. After the organic fertilizer is finely crushed in advance, these raw material powders are formed into agglomerated particle nuclei in the first step, and the aggregates are guided to a granulator in the second step to grow the particles. The present inventors have found that it is possible to efficiently and continuously granulate the organic raw material into a spherical form by performing two-stage granulation such as sizing.

【０００６】本発明の請求項１の発明は、粒径０．２５
ｍｍ以下の粒子を少なくとも３０重量%以上含む有機質
粉末が凝集してなる硬度1．０ｋｇ／粒以上、粒径１〜
４ｍｍであることを特徴とする球状の有機質肥料粒状体
である。[0006] The invention of claim 1 of the present invention has a particle size of 0.25
hardness of at least 1.0 kg / particle , obtained by agglomeration of an organic powder containing at least 30% by weight of particles of at most 30 mm,
It is a spherical organic fertilizer granule characterized by being 4 mm.

【０００７】本発明の請求項２の発明は、有機質粉末が
２段工程法により凝集してなる硬度1．０ｋｇ／粒以
上、粒径１〜４ｍｍであることを特徴とする球状の有機
質肥料粒状体であり、本発明の請求項３の発明は、有機
質粉末が粒径０．２５ｍｍ以下の粒子を少なくとも３０
重量%以上含む有機質粉末である請求項２記載の球状の
有機質肥料粒状体である。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, the organic powder is
Hardness of less than 1.0kg / grain agglomerated by two-step process
Spherical organic, characterized by having a particle size of 1 to 4 mm
Fertilizer granules, and the invention of claim 3 of the present invention
Powder having at least 30 particles having a particle size of 0.25 mm or less.
The spherical powder according to claim 2, which is an organic powder containing at least
Organic fertilizer granules.

【０００８】本発明の請求項４の発明は、有機質肥料の
造粒に際し、有機質粉末を、転動型造粒機に供給し、該
粒子核を形成させる第１段工程と、該粒子核を連続的に
他の転動型造粒機に供給し、造粒して成長、整粒する第
２段工程及び乾燥工程とにより、硬度１．０Ｋg／粒以
上、粒径が１〜４ｍｍである粒状の造粒物を得ることを
特徴とする有機質肥料の造粒方法である。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first step of supplying an organic powder to a tumbling granulator to form the particle nuclei when granulating the organic fertilizer; The hardness is controlled to be less than 1.0 kg / grain by the second stage and the drying process of continuously supplying to another tumbling granulator, granulating, growing and sizing.
The above is a method for granulating organic fertilizer, characterized by obtaining a granulated product having a particle size of 1 to 4 mm.

【０００９】本発明の請求項５の発明は、粒径が１〜４
ｍｍである粒状の造粒物を歩留８０重量%以上で得る請
求項４記載の有機質肥料の造粒法である。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the particle size is 1 to 4
5. The method for granulating an organic fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein a granulated product having a particle size of 1 mm is obtained at a yield of 80% by weight or more.

【００１０】本発明において有機質原料とは、肥料取締
法（昭和２５年法律第１２７号）第３条および第２５条
ただし書の規定に基づき、定められた普通肥料の公定規
格に記載されているもので、魚かす粉末、干魚肥料粉
末、魚節煮かす、甲殻類質肥料粉末、蒸製魚鱗及びその
粉末、肉かす粉末、肉骨粉、蒸製てい角粉、蒸製てい角
骨粉、蒸製毛粉、乾血及びその粉末、生骨粉、蒸製骨
粉、蒸製皮革粉、干蚕蛹粉末、蚕蛹油かす及びその粉
末、絹紡蚕蛹くず、大豆油かす及びその粉末、なたね油
かす及びその粉末、わたみ油かす及びその粉末、落花生
油かす及びその粉末、あまに油かす及びその粉末、ごま
油かす及びその粉末、ひまし油かす及びその粉末、米ぬ
か油かす及びその粉末、その他の草本性植物油かす及び
その粉末、カポック油かす及びその粉末、とうもろこし
はい芽油かす及びその粉末、たばこくず肥料粉末、甘草
かす粉末、豆腐かす乾燥肥料、えんじゅかす粉末、窒素
質グアノ、加工家きんふん肥料、魚廃物加工肥料、乾燥
菌体肥料、副産動物質肥料、副産植物質肥料、混合有機
質肥料である。In the present invention, the organic raw material is described in the official standard of ordinary fertilizer specified based on the provisions of Articles 3 and 25 of the Fertilizer Control Law (Act No. 127 of 1950). Ingredients, fish meal powder, dried fish fertilizer powder, fish boiled fish cake, crustacean fertilizer powder, steamed fish scale and its powder, meat meal powder, meat-and-bone meal, steamed horned flour, steamed horned bone meal, steamed hair flour, Dried blood and its powder, raw bone meal, steamed bone meal, steamed leather powder, dried silkworm pupa powder, silkworm pupa oil cake and its powder, silk spider pupa waste, soybean oil cake and its powder, rapeseed oil cake and its powder, cottonseed oil cake and its Powder, groundnut oil grounds and powder, linseed oil grounds and powder, sesame oil grounds and powder, castor oil grounds and powder, rice bran oil grounds and powder, other herbaceous vegetable oil grounds and powder, kapok oil And its powder, corn germ oil grounds and its powder, tobacco waste fertilizer powder, licorice ground powder, tofu ground dry fertilizer, enjuka ground powder, nitrogenous guano, processed garbage manure fertilizer, fish waste processed fertilizer, dried bacterial cell fertilizer , By-product animal fertilizer, by-product vegetable fertilizer, and mixed organic fertilizer.

【００１１】有機質原料は、前述の肥料取締法で定めら
れた有機質肥料のうち、植物質の場合は、粒径０．２５
ｍｍ以下の粉末が３０重量％以上、好ましくは４０重量
％以上のものを使用する。これらは植物質有機肥料を切
断するとか、粉砕するなどにより得られるものを使用し
てもよい。Among the organic fertilizers specified by the above-mentioned Fertilizer Control Law, the organic raw materials are 0.25 to 0.25 in the case of vegetable.
A powder having a diameter of 30 mm or less, preferably 40% by weight or more, is used. These may be obtained by cutting or pulverizing a plant organic fertilizer.

【００１２】動物質の場合には、粒径０．２５mm以下の
粉末が４０重量％以上、好ましくは６０重量％以上でか
つ粒径０．１５mm以下の粉末が３０重量％以上、好まし
くは４０重量％以上のものを使用する。これらは動物質
有機肥料を切断するとか、粉砕するなどにより得られる
ものを使用してもよい。In the case of a moving substance, the powder having a particle size of 0.25 mm or less is 40% by weight or more, preferably 60% by weight or more and the powder having a particle size of 0.15 mm or less is 30% by weight or more, preferably 40% by weight. % Or more. These may be obtained by cutting or pulverizing the animal / organic fertilizer.

【００１３】植物質及び／又は動物質からなる本発明の
有機質肥料粒状体は粒径０．２５ｍｍ以下の粒子を少な
くとも３０重量%以上含む有機質粉末が強固に凝集して
なる粒径１〜４ｍｍの球状の有機質肥料粒状体である。
更に好ましくは本発明の有機質肥料粒状体は粒径０．２
５ｍｍ以下の粒子を少なくとも４０重量％以上含む有機
質粉末が強固に凝集してなる粒径１〜４ｍｍの球状の有
機質肥料粒状体である。本発明の第２段工程で造粒して
得られる湿潤粒状体は、更に乾燥するためにロータリー
ドライヤー等に供給しても崩壊しないほどの機械的強度
を有しており、また乾燥後は木屋式硬度計で測定した硬
度が１．０ｋｇ／粒以上と高い硬度を持った球状の粒状
体となる。このように本発明の有機質肥料粒状体は有機
質原料からできており、色相がよく、造粒助剤に起因す
る悪臭などもなく高品質であり、球状であるので機械施
肥に向いており、しかも安価であるという特徴がある。[0013] The organic fertilizer granules of the present invention comprising plant matter and / or animal substances have a particle size of 1 to 4 mm, which is obtained by firmly aggregating an organic powder containing at least 30% by weight or more of particles having a particle size of 0.25 mm or less. It is a spherical organic fertilizer granule.
More preferably, the granular organic fertilizer of the present invention has a particle size of 0.2
It is a spherical organic fertilizer granule having a particle diameter of 1 to 4 mm, in which organic powder containing particles of 5 mm or less and at least 40% by weight or more is strongly aggregated. The wet granular material obtained by granulation in the second step of the present invention has a mechanical strength such that it does not collapse even when supplied to a rotary dryer or the like for further drying. A spherical granular material having a hardness as high as 1.0 kg / particle or more as measured by a formula hardness meter is obtained. Thus, the organic fertilizer granules of the present invention are made of organic raw materials, have a good hue, are of high quality without a bad smell caused by the granulation aid, and are spherical, and are suitable for machine fertilization. It has the feature of being cheap.

【００１４】本発明の有機質肥料粒状体を造粒する際に
使用する造粒機は、皿型造粒機、ドラム型造粒機および
バドル型造粒機等の転動造粒機であり、これらの造粒機
は、押出型造粒機、圧縮型造粒機など他の造粒機と比較
して処理量当りの設備費および運転費が少く、大量生産
用として広く一般的に利用されているものである。これ
らの転動造粒機を使用した造粒の機構は、核生成段階、
成長段階、完成段階に分けられる。The granulator used for granulating the organic fertilizer granules of the present invention is a rolling granulator such as a dish granulator, a drum granulator and a paddle granulator. These granulators require less equipment and operating costs per processing volume than other granulators such as extrusion granulators and compression granulators, and are widely and generally used for mass production. Is what it is. The mechanism of granulation using these tumbling granulators is the nucleation stage,
It is divided into a growth stage and a completion stage.

【００１５】そして、この核生成段階では、造粒機内に
投入された粉末原料は事前または造粒機内で与えられた
液が個々の粒子と会合して、粉体構成粒子間の接触点の
まわりにおいて不連続な凹レンズ状の液体架橋をつくる
ことにより、最初はゆるい凝集体を形成しているが、こ
れを転動運動させると、しだいに凝集体は締つけられて
粒子間の空隙が減少するが、加えられた液はまだ局部的
に散在するために、小片に接触すれば容易にこれを付着
結合して、より大きな凝集体となる。これが核生成段階
である。In the nucleation stage, the powder raw material charged into the granulator is mixed with the individual particles beforehand or in the granulator, and the liquid flows around the contact point between the particles constituting the powder. At first, loose aggregates are formed by forming discontinuous concave lens-like liquid bridges, but when they are rolled, the aggregates are gradually tightened and the voids between particles decrease. However, since the added liquid is still locally scattered, it easily adheres and bonds to the small pieces when they come into contact with the small pieces to form larger aggregates. This is the nucleation stage.

【００１６】このようにして生まれた核は、成長段階に
おいては、もし粒子間隙の液が適量で、ほぼ均等に間隙
に分布するように制御すれば、造粒物は可塑性をもち、
表面にも過剰な液膜がある限りは他のより小さな造粒物
と衝突すれば、自ら変形してそのまま相手を抱きこむ
か、または相手が弱ければ、これを破壊してその破片を
自らの表面に練り込み、一体となり、さらに転動を重ね
て粒状化する。同程度の大きさと強度をもつ造粒物と衝
突した場合は相互の表面における摩擦によって物々交換
を行うこともある。このような現象をくりかえしてしだ
いに造粒物は転動圧密化を進め強度の高いものとなる。
これが成長段階である。The nuclei thus formed can have a plasticity in the growth stage if the liquid in the intergranular space is controlled so that the liquid in the intergranular space is distributed in an appropriate amount and almost evenly.
As long as there is an excess liquid film on the surface, if it collides with other smaller granules, it deforms itself and embraces the opponent, or if the opponent is weak, destroys it and destroys its fragments. It is kneaded on the surface, united, and further rolled to form granules. When colliding with granules having the same size and strength, bartering may be performed due to friction on mutual surfaces. By repeating such phenomena, the granulated material gradually increases in rolling consolidation and becomes high in strength.
This is the growth stage.

【００１７】次の段階として、完成段階では、液の供給
を止めると造粒物の過剰の液分は成長のために使い果た
して粒子間隙の液分は少なくなり、造粒物表面から内部
へ液は引っ込み表面毛細管力が増大することにより、液
分の多い造粒物よりさらに強い内部結合力をもったいわ
ゆる「表面乾燥造粒物」となる。さらに自然蒸発または
強制乾燥とともに転動を行って液分を減少させると、造
粒物表面にはもはや液膜はなくなり、他と衝突してもほ
とんど自ら変形せず、また他を吸収する能力も消滅して
造粒物の成長は停止する。すなわち、完成段階である。As the next stage, in the completion stage, when the supply of the liquid is stopped, the excess liquid of the granules is used up for growth, the liquid in the intergranular space decreases, and the liquid is transferred from the surface of the granules to the inside. The so-called "surface-dried granulated material" has a stronger internal binding force than the granulated material having a large liquid content due to the increase in the retraction surface capillary force. Furthermore, when the liquid content is reduced by tumbling together with natural evaporation or forced drying, there is no longer a liquid film on the surface of the granulated material, and it hardly deforms itself even when it collides with others, and the ability to absorb other things It disappears and the growth of the granules stops. That is, it is a completed stage.

【００１８】これら一連の造粒機構は、従来は同一の造
粒機内で行われていたが、この造粒機構のうち、核生成
段階で形成される凝集物を取り出して、次の成長段階お
よび完成段階の造粒を、他の造粒機で行う２段造粒方法
を行うことにより、粒子間の結合力の弱い有機質原料を
造粒水やスチーム等のみで、効率よく造粒することが可
能となった。Conventionally, a series of these granulation mechanisms have been performed in the same granulator. Of these granulation mechanisms, aggregates formed in the nucleation stage are taken out, and the next growth stage and the next stage are performed. By performing the two-stage granulation method in which the granulation at the completion stage is performed by another granulator, it is possible to efficiently granulate the organic raw material having a weak bonding force between the particles only with the granulation water or steam. It has become possible.

【００１９】本発明において第１段工程の造粒で使用す
る造粒機は転動型の造粒機ならば何でもよい。造粒法は
第１段工程として、粉砕した有機質原料を、凝集状の造
粒核を造るため、造粒機に供給し、造粒機内の原料の温
度が３０〜７５℃、できれば５０〜６５℃になるように
温水またはスチームを散布しながら、滞留時間も２分以
上、好ましくは３分以上になるように造粒して、湿潤状
の凝集物を得る。In the present invention, the granulator used in the granulation in the first step may be any type of granulator of a rolling type. In the granulation method, as a first step, the pulverized organic raw material is supplied to a granulator in order to form an aggregated granulation nucleus, and the temperature of the raw material in the granulator is 30 to 75 ° C, preferably 50 to 65 ° C. While spraying warm water or steam at a temperature of ° C., the mixture is granulated so that the residence time is at least 2 minutes, preferably at least 3 minutes, to obtain wet aggregates.

【００２０】次いで第２段工程として、上記のようにし
て得られた凝集物（湿潤している）を第１段工程で使用
したものとは別の転動造粒機、例えばドラム型造粒機に
供給し、造粒に必要な水、スチーム等を添加しつつ、滞
粒時間が第１段工程と合わせて４分以上、好ましくは６
分以上になるように連続的に成長させ、かつ整粒させる
ものである。Next, in the second step, the agglomerate (wet) obtained as described above is used in another rolling granulator, for example, a drum type granulator used in the first step. While adding water, steam, etc. necessary for granulation, the stagnation time is 4 minutes or more in total with the first step, preferably 6 minutes.
It is grown continuously for more than one minute and sized.

【００２１】本発明の造粒方法は上述の通りであり、し
たがって第１段工程で形成される核となる粒子の凝集物
は硬度などの機械的強度はさほど重要ではない。第１段
工程で得られた湿潤状の凝集物は次の第２段工程の任意
の造粒機、例えばドラム型造粒機では造粒用の若干の水
や必要ならば散布されるスチーム等により、供給された
凝集物は転動されるので造粒助剤を加えなくとも効率よ
く強度の高い、しかも均一性の高い粒径の粒子とするこ
とができ、常法によりこの粒子をロータリードライヤー
等に供給して乾燥しても崩壊しないほどの機械的強度を
保った粒状肥料（粒径１〜４mm）を、実際の製造におい
ても、造粒歩留８０重量％以上の高収率で製造すること
が可能である。The granulation method of the present invention is as described above. Therefore, the mechanical strength such as hardness of the agglomerates of core particles formed in the first step is not so important. The wet agglomerate obtained in the first step is subjected to any granulator in the next second step, for example, in a drum-type granulator, some water for granulation or steam to be sprayed if necessary. As a result, the supplied agglomerates are tumbled, so that particles having a high strength and a high uniformity can be efficiently obtained without adding a granulating aid, and the particles are subjected to a conventional method using a rotary drier. Granular fertilizer (particle diameter: 1 to 4 mm) that maintains mechanical strength so that it does not collapse even when supplied and dried, and is produced in a high yield of 80% by weight or more in the actual production. It is possible to

【００２２】[0022]

【実施例】【Example】

〔実施例１〕菜種粕５０重量部、蒸製骨粉２５重量部、
魚廃物加工肥料２５重量部の粉末原料（合計５kg）を、
周速０．２ｍ／ｓで回転する内型５０cm、長さ１ｍのド
ラム型造粒機へ供給し、造粒水２．５〜３Ｌを添加しつ
つ、滞溜時間４min で１次造粒を行った。得られた凝集
状の湿潤粒状物質の約半量を自然乾燥し５メッシュ及び
１６メッシュのタイラー標準篩で篩分し、製品サイズ５
〜１６メッシュ（粒径１〜４mm）の粒状物を求め、全乾
燥粒状物に対する製品サイズの重量％を製品歩留として
求めた。残りの湿潤粒状物質を周速０．２ｍ／ｓで回転
する内型５０cm、長さ１ｍの別のドラム型造粒機へ供給
し、造粒水０．５〜０．７Ｌを添加しつつ、滞溜時間３
〜４min で２次造粒を行った。得られた粒状の２次造粒
品の一部を採取し、内径３８cm、長さ２５０cmのロータ
リードライヤーで回転数５rpm 、入口熱風温度２３０
℃、出口熱風温度１１０℃、出口温度８０℃の条件で乾
燥し、その水分（重量％）、製品歩留（重量％）、およ
び木屋式硬度計で硬度（kg）を求めた。その結果を表１
に示す。なお、使用した各原料の水分は、菜種粕１１．
０重量％、蒸製骨粉４．０重量％、魚廃物加工肥料１０
重量％であった。 （水分の測定方法）分析試料２〜５ｇを平形量り瓶（径
５ｃｍ、高さ３ｃｍ）に正確にとり、７５℃で５時間乾
燥して重さを正確に量り、その減量を水分とする。 （硬度の測定方法） 測定装置：木屋式硬度計 測定方法：試料より粒度分布の平均程度の粒径のもの１
０ないし２０粒を任意にとり出し、粒体硬度計により測
定し、その平均値をもって硬度（Ｋｇ／粒）とする（全
農規格：粒状肥料の硬度測定方法による）。[Example 1] 50 parts by weight of rapeseed meal, 25 parts by weight of steamed bone meal,
25% by weight of powdered raw material (5kg in total)
It is supplied to a drum type granulator having an inner diameter of 50 cm and a length of 1 m rotating at a peripheral speed of 0.2 m / s. While adding 2.5 to 3 L of granulation water, the primary granulation is performed in a residence time of 4 min. went. About half of the obtained coagulated wet granular material was air-dried and sieved through a 5-mesh and 16-mesh Tyler standard sieve to obtain a product size of 5.
Granules having a size of 〜16 mesh (particle size: 1 to 4 mm) were determined, and the weight% of the product size relative to the total dry granules was determined as the product yield. The remaining wet granular material is fed to another drum-type granulator having an inner diameter of 50 cm and a length of 1 m rotating at a peripheral speed of 0.2 m / s, and while adding 0.5 to 0.7 L of granulation water, Detention time 3
Secondary granulation was performed at ~ 4 min. A part of the obtained granular secondary granulated product was collected, and rotated at 5 rpm with a rotary dryer having an inner diameter of 38 cm and a length of 250 cm at an inlet hot air temperature of 230.
C., outlet hot air temperature 110.degree. C., outlet temperature 80.degree. C., and the moisture (% by weight), product yield (% by weight), and hardness (kg) were determined using a Kiya type hardness meter. Table 1 shows the results.
Shown in The water content of each raw material used was rapeseed meal.
0% by weight, steamed bone meal 4.0% by weight, fish waste processed fertilizer 10
% By weight. (Method of measuring water) 2 to 5 g of an analysis sample is accurately taken in a flat weighing bottle (diameter 5 cm, height 3 cm), dried at 75 ° C for 5 hours, weighed accurately, and the weight loss is taken as moisture. (Measurement method of hardness) Measuring device: Kiya-type hardness meter Measuring method: 1 having a particle size of average particle size distribution from the sample
0 to 20 grains are arbitrarily taken out, measured with a granule hardness meter, and the average value is defined as hardness (Kg / grain) (all agricultural standards: by the method of measuring the hardness of granular fertilizer).

【００２３】[0023]

【表１】 [Table 1]

【００２４】〔実施例２〕蒸製皮革粉５０重量部、蒸製
骨粉３０重量部、魚廃物加工肥料１０重量部、菜種粕１
０重量部の粉末原料（合計５kg）を実施例１で示した装
置を用い、同一の条件で造粒した。その結果を表２に示
す。なお、使用した各原料の水分は、蒸製皮革粉１２．
０重量％、蒸製骨粉４．０重量％、魚廃物加工肥料１
０．０重量％、菜種粕１１．０重量％であった。Example 2 50 parts by weight of steamed leather powder, 30 parts by weight of steamed bone meal, 10 parts by weight of fish waste processed fertilizer, 1 rapeseed meal
0 parts by weight of the powder raw material (total 5 kg) was granulated using the apparatus shown in Example 1 under the same conditions. Table 2 shows the results. In addition, the moisture of each used raw material was steamed leather powder 12.
0% by weight, steamed bone meal 4.0% by weight, fish waste processing fertilizer 1
0.0 wt% and rapeseed meal were 11.0 wt%.

【００２５】[0025]

【表２】 [Table 2]

【００２６】〔比較例〕菜種粕５０重量部、蒸製骨粉２
５重量部、魚廃物加工肥料２５重量部の粉末原料（合計
５kg）をパン型造粒機にて、廃糖蜜などの造粒助剤なし
で、造粒水を添加しながら、回転数２３rpm で３〜６分
間造粒操作（一次造粒のみ、テスト数５回）を行ったと
ころ、自然乾燥後の製品サイズ（１〜４mm）の歩留は、
最高で４１％、平均３５．４％ほどであった。Comparative Example 50 parts by weight of rapeseed meal, steamed bone meal 2
5 parts by weight and 25 parts by weight of fish waste processing fertilizer (5 kg in total) were mixed in a bread granulator at a rotation speed of 23 rpm while adding granulation water without granulation aids such as molasses. After performing granulation operation for 3 to 6 minutes (primary granulation only, 5 tests), the yield of product size (1 to 4 mm) after natural drying is as follows:
The maximum was 41%, and the average was about 35.4%.

【００２７】[0027]

【発明の効果】本発明は、特定の粒径の粒子を特定量以
上含む有機質粉末が強固に凝集してなる高硬度の球状の
有機質肥料粒状体及びその造粒方法を提供するものであ
り、本発明の有機質肥料粒状体は高品質であり、球状で
あるので機械施肥に向いており、しかも安価であるとい
う特徴がある。また、上記有機質粉末原料から第１段工
程で均一な核となる粒子を作り、これを第２段の造粒工
程で成長した粒子とするので、効率よくしかも低コスト
で製造することができる。According to the present invention, there is provided a highly hard spherical organic fertilizer granule obtained by firmly aggregating an organic powder containing particles having a specific particle size in a specific amount or more, and a method for granulating the same. The organic fertilizer granules of the present invention are characterized in that they are of high quality, are spherical and are suitable for machine fertilization, and are inexpensive. In addition, uniform core particles are formed from the organic powder raw material in the first step, and the particles are grown in the second step of the granulation step. Therefore, the particles can be produced efficiently and at low cost.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.⁷，ＤＢ名) C05G 5/00 C05F 1/00 - 17/02 B01J 2/00 - 2/30 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C05G 5/00 C05F 1/00-17/02 B01J 2/00-2/30

Claims (5)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項１】 粒径０．２５ｍｍ以下の粒子を少なくと
も３０重量%以上含む有機質粉末が凝集してなる硬度1．
０ｋｇ／粒以上、粒径１〜４ｍｍであることを特徴とす
る球状の有機質肥料粒状体。A hardness obtained by agglomerating an organic powder containing at least 30% by weight of particles having a particle size of 0.25 mm or less.
A spherical organic fertilizer granule having a particle size of 0 kg / particle or more and a particle size of 1 to 4 mm. 【請求項２】 有機質粉末が２段工程法により凝集して
なる硬度1．０ｋｇ／粒以上、粒径１〜４ｍｍであるこ
とを特徴とする球状の有機質肥料粒状体。2. A spherical organic fertilizer granule having a hardness of not less than 1.0 kg / particle and a particle diameter of 1 to 4 mm formed by agglomerating organic powder by a two-step process. 【請求項３】 有機質粉末が粒径０．２５ｍｍ以下の粒
子を少なくとも３０重量%以上含む有機質粉末である請
求項2記載の球状の有機質肥料粒状体。3. The spherical organic fertilizer granule according to claim 2, wherein the organic powder contains at least 30% by weight or more of particles having a particle size of 0.25 mm or less. 【請求項４】 有機質肥料の造粒に際し、有機質粉末を
転動型造粒機に供給し、粒子核を形成させる第１段工程
と、該粒子核を連続的に他の転動型造粒機に供給し、造
粒して成長、整粒する第２段工程及び乾燥工程とによ
り、硬度１．０Ｋg／粒以上、粒径が１〜４ｍｍである
粒状の造粒物を得ることを特徴とする有機質肥料の造粒
法。4. An organic fertilizer is granulated with an organic powder.
A first step of supplying the nuclei to a rolling granulator to form particle nuclei; and a first step of continuously supplying the particle nuclei to another tumbling granulator to granulate, grow and size the granules. A granulation method of an organic fertilizer, wherein a granulated product having a hardness of 1.0 kg / particle or more and a particle size of 1 to 4 mm is obtained by a two-step process and a drying process. 【請求項５】 粒径が１〜４ｍｍである粒状の造粒物を
歩留８０重量%以上で得る請求項４記載の有機質肥料の
造粒法。5. The method for granulating an organic fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein a granular product having a particle size of 1 to 4 mm is obtained at a yield of 80% by weight or more.