JP3098860U - Circuit to generate secondary signal from main signal - Google Patents

Circuit to generate secondary signal from main signal Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3098860U
JP3098860U JP2003002560U JP2003002560U JP3098860U JP 3098860 U JP3098860 U JP 3098860U JP 2003002560 U JP2003002560 U JP 2003002560U JP 2003002560 U JP2003002560 U JP 2003002560U JP 3098860 U JP3098860 U JP 3098860U
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signal
circuit
frequency
waveform
generated
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Japanese (ja)
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北山 健造
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北山 健造
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Abstract

【目的】楽器の演奏において、単音とその単音から生成した周波数の異なる副次音を合成し出力する回路
【構成】音楽信号1を電圧比較器2により論理ICで処理可能なレベルに変換し、分周器3で周波数変換し、レベル変換時に発生した高調波を低域通過フィルター5で除去し、振幅制限器8で元の音楽信号と振幅を合わせ、生成された信号を加算器9で音楽信号と合成する回路
【選択図】 図1
A circuit for synthesizing and outputting a single tone and sub-tones having different frequencies generated from the single tone in playing a musical instrument [Constitution] A music signal 1 is converted by a voltage comparator 2 into a level that can be processed by a logic IC, Frequency conversion is performed by the frequency divider 3, harmonics generated at the time of level conversion are removed by the low-pass filter 5, the amplitude is matched with the original music signal by the amplitude limiter 8, and the generated signal is musicized by the adder 9. Circuit to combine with signal [selection diagram]

Description

【001】
[考案が解決しようとする課題]
楽器の奏法の一つに、1オクターブ離れた音を同時に発音させる手法ある。この奏法は、他の奏法と同様、演奏者に演奏技術を要求する。本考案は、この技術を持たなくても、複数の音を同時に発音させようとする考案である。又、複数の音の生成時、その特性を変化させることにより、多くの効果音を得ようとする考案である。
【002】
[課題を解決するための手段]
[01]
本考案は、楽器により発音された音楽信号1を電圧比較器2により論理ICが扱える信号に変換する回路と、該信号を1/n或いはn倍の周波数に変換する回路3と、変換された矩形波から基本波以外の不要波を除去する低域通過フィルター5と、原信号の強弱に比例して変換された矩形波の振幅を自動的に制限する複合回路4、6,7、8と、低域通過フィルターの出力と原信号を合成する加算器9から成る。
[02]
説明のために、原信号として2種類の周波数f、2fを持つサイン波形を設定し、分周器の分周比を1/nを1/2と置く。2種類の周波数を持つ原信号は、図1の波形1である。
これらの信号を基準電圧0Vを設定した電圧比較器2に入力すると、図4の波形2の出力が得られる。波形2は、原信号1と同じく、前半がf、後半が2fの周波数を持つ信号である。波形2は、論理ICが扱える立ち上がり速度、立下り速度を持って、分周器3に入り1/2に分周される。分周された波形が、図4の波形3であり、周波数fの期間は、f/2となり、周波数2fの期間は、周波数がfとなる。一方、原信号1は、半波整流回路6に入り平滑回路7を通って、図4の波形7の如く直流電圧となり、図1の振幅制限器8の制限電圧となる。振幅制限器8の出力11は、緩衝増幅器4の正の入力に接続される。同入力端子には、分周器3の出力も接続される。このため、図4の波形7で示した直流電圧以上の電圧が、分周器3の出力に現れると、振幅制限器8の出力11は負方向に振れて、緩衝増幅器4の正の入力端子を波形7の直流電圧値に保持しようとする。この時の振幅制限器8の出力11を図4の波形8に示す。緩衝増幅器4の利得は1であるため、正の入力端子電圧は、そのまま出力に現れる。この出力波形を図4の波形5に示す。この波形は、周波数f/2の期間が制限電圧V1で制限され、周波数fの期間が制限電圧V2、V3で制限されていることを現している。次に、緩衝増幅器4の出力は、低域通過フィルター5に入り、不要波(高調波)が除去される。高調波を除去された低域通過フィルター5の出力を図4の波形4に示す。波形4は、本説明のために、不要波が理想的に除去された結果を示している。通常は、高調波を完全に除去できないため、波形に歪が残る。近似サイン波形に変換された低域通過フィルター5の出力は、原信号1と合成されるために、加算器9に入る。この結果、図4の波形9が得られる。
[03]
図3には、図2の分周器3を周波数シンセサイザーで構成した例を示した。シンセサイザー方式で、分周器15の分周比を実時間で変化させれば、原信号に対する副次信号の周波数関係が実時間で変化し、両者を合成して出来る生成信号16に変化を与えることが可能となる。
[04]
図5には、分周比を1/mとした分周器17を追加し、その出力を緩衝増幅器18、低域通過フィルター19を通して加算器9に入力した例を示した。この例は、副次信号の種類を2としたものである。加算器9には、既に原信号と周波数関係が1/nの信号が入力されているため、加算器9の出力には3種類の周波数成分が合成された信号が発生することになる。
[05]
本考案では、合成信号を個々の部品を用いて構成したが、原信号(音楽信号)1をアナログディジタル変換(A/D変換)してマイクロプロセッサーに取り込み、プログラム処理にて演算を行い、その結果をディジタルアナログ変換(D/A変換)して出力しても同じ結果を得られる。この場合の構成を図6に示す。
【003】
[考案の効果]
楽器演奏において、複数音を同時に発生させたい場合、本考案を利用すると、単音を弾くだけで、複数の音を同時に発生させることが可能なる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本考案の構成図である。
【図2】図1を電子部品で構成した場合の構成図である。
【図3】本考案の分周器3を周波数シンセサイザーで構成した場合の構成図である。
【図4】図1、図2の動作波形である。
【図5】原信号(音楽信号)1に、2種類の異なる周波数を持つ信号を合成させた場合の構成図である。
【図6】本考案をマイクロプロセッサーを使って実現した構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1 原信号(音楽信号)
2 電圧比較器
3 分周器又は逓倍器
4 緩衝増幅器
5 低域通過フィルター
6 半波整流器
7 平滑回路
8 振幅制限器
9 加算器
10 加算器の出力(合成信号)
11 振幅制限器の出力経路又は出力信号
12 位相検波器
13 低域通過フィルター
14 電圧制御発振器
15 分周比可変型分周器
16 電圧制御発振器の生成信号
17 1/m 分周器
18 緩衝増幅器
19 低域通過フィルター
20 アナログディジタル変換器(A/D変換器)
21 マイクロプロセッサー
22 ディジタルアナログ変換器(D/A変換器)
23 合成信号
[0101]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
One of the playing methods of musical instruments is a method of simultaneously producing sounds one octave apart. This rendition style, like other rendition styles, requires the performer to perform well. The present invention is intended to simultaneously produce a plurality of sounds without having this technology. In addition, when a plurality of sounds are generated, the characteristics of the sounds are changed to obtain many sound effects.
[0092]
[Means for solving the problem]
[01]
According to the present invention, a circuit for converting a music signal 1 generated by a musical instrument into a signal that can be handled by a logic IC by a voltage comparator 2 and a circuit 3 for converting the signal to a frequency of 1 / n or n times are converted. A low-pass filter 5 for removing unnecessary waves other than the fundamental wave from the square wave, and a composite circuit 4, 6, 7, 8 for automatically limiting the amplitude of the square wave converted in proportion to the strength of the original signal; , And an adder 9 for synthesizing the output of the low-pass filter and the original signal.
[02]
For the purpose of explanation, a sine waveform having two kinds of frequencies f and 2f is set as an original signal, and the frequency division ratio of the frequency divider is set such that 1 / n is 1/2. The original signal having two types of frequencies is waveform 1 in FIG.
When these signals are input to the voltage comparator 2 in which the reference voltage is set to 0 V, the output of the waveform 2 in FIG. 4 is obtained. The waveform 2 is a signal having a frequency of f in the first half and a frequency of 2f in the second half, similarly to the original signal 1. The waveform 2 enters the frequency divider 3 at a rising speed and a falling speed that can be handled by the logic IC, and is divided by 1 /. The frequency-divided waveform is the waveform 3 in FIG. 4. The period of the frequency f is f / 2, and the period of the frequency 2f is f. On the other hand, the original signal 1 enters the half-wave rectifier circuit 6, passes through the smoothing circuit 7, becomes a DC voltage as shown by the waveform 7 in FIG. 4, and becomes the limiting voltage of the amplitude limiter 8 in FIG. The output 11 of the amplitude limiter 8 is connected to the positive input of the buffer amplifier 4. The output of the frequency divider 3 is also connected to the input terminal. Therefore, when a voltage equal to or higher than the DC voltage shown by the waveform 7 in FIG. 4 appears at the output of the frequency divider 3, the output 11 of the amplitude limiter 8 swings in the negative direction, and the positive input terminal of the buffer amplifier 4. To the DC voltage value of the waveform 7. An output 11 of the amplitude limiter 8 at this time is shown as a waveform 8 in FIG. Since the gain of the buffer amplifier 4 is 1, the positive input terminal voltage appears at the output as it is. This output waveform is shown as waveform 5 in FIG. This waveform shows that the period of the frequency f / 2 is limited by the limit voltage V1, and the period of the frequency f is limited by the limit voltages V2 and V3. Next, the output of the buffer amplifier 4 enters the low-pass filter 5, where unnecessary waves (harmonics) are removed. The output of the low-pass filter 5 from which the harmonics have been removed is shown as a waveform 4 in FIG. Waveform 4 shows a result of ideally removing unnecessary waves for the purpose of this description. Normally, since the harmonics cannot be completely removed, distortion remains in the waveform. The output of the low-pass filter 5 converted into the approximate sine waveform enters the adder 9 to be combined with the original signal 1. As a result, a waveform 9 in FIG. 4 is obtained.
[03]
FIG. 3 shows an example in which the frequency divider 3 of FIG. 2 is constituted by a frequency synthesizer. If the frequency division ratio of the frequency divider 15 is changed in real time by the synthesizer method, the frequency relationship of the subsidiary signal with respect to the original signal changes in real time, giving a change to the generated signal 16 formed by combining the two. It becomes possible.
[04]
FIG. 5 shows an example in which a frequency divider 17 having a frequency division ratio of 1 / m is added, and the output is input to the adder 9 through a buffer amplifier 18 and a low-pass filter 19. In this example, the type of the subsidiary signal is two. Since a signal having a frequency relationship of 1 / n with the original signal has already been input to the adder 9, a signal in which three types of frequency components are combined is generated at the output of the adder 9.
[05]
In the present invention, the synthesized signal is configured using individual components. However, the original signal (music signal) 1 is converted into an analog-to-digital signal (A / D conversion) and taken into a microprocessor, and the calculation is performed by program processing. The same result can be obtained by digital-to-analog conversion (D / A conversion) and outputting the result. FIG. 6 shows the configuration in this case.
[0093]
[Effect of the invention]
When a plurality of sounds are desired to be generated simultaneously in musical instrument performance, using the present invention, it is possible to generate a plurality of sounds simultaneously simply by playing a single note.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram when FIG. 1 is configured by electronic components.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram when the frequency divider 3 of the present invention is configured by a frequency synthesizer.
FIG. 4 is an operation waveform of FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram when an original signal (music signal) 1 is combined with signals having two different frequencies.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the present invention realized using a microprocessor.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Original signal (music signal)
2 voltage comparator 3 frequency divider or multiplier 4 buffer amplifier 5 low-pass filter 6 half-wave rectifier 7 smoothing circuit 8 amplitude limiter 9 adder 10 output of adder (synthesized signal)
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 11 output path or output signal of amplitude limiter 12 phase detector 13 low-pass filter 14 voltage-controlled oscillator 15 frequency-division-ratio variable frequency divider 16 signal generated by voltage-controlled oscillator 17 1 / m frequency divider 18 buffer amplifier 19 Low-pass filter 20 Analog-to-digital converter (A / D converter)
21 Microprocessor 22 Digital-to-analog converter (D / A converter)
23 Composite signal

Claims (3)

音楽信号を、波形処理をした後、ロジカル分周器又はシンセサイザー回路を通して、1/n又はn倍した周波数を生成する回路又は処理A circuit or process for generating a frequency multiplied by 1 / n or n through a logical divider or a synthesizer circuit after performing a waveform processing on a music signal. 音楽信号の原信号と、1/n又はn倍した単一又は複数の周波数とを合成し、生成された信号を副次的な音楽信号とする回路又は処理A circuit or process that synthesizes an original signal of a music signal with one or a plurality of frequencies multiplied by 1 / n or n and uses the generated signal as a secondary music signal 1/n倍或いはn倍した生成信号の振幅を原信号の振幅と一定の比率に自動的に保つ回路又は処理A circuit or process that automatically keeps the amplitude of the generated signal multiplied by 1 / n or n times at a fixed ratio with the amplitude of the original signal
JP2003002560U 2003-04-01 2003-04-01 Circuit to generate secondary signal from main signal Expired - Fee Related JP3098860U (en)

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Country Status (1)

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