JP3094851B2 - Civil and architectural reinforcement - Google Patents
Civil and architectural reinforcementInfo
- Publication number
- JP3094851B2 JP3094851B2 JP07170399A JP17039995A JP3094851B2 JP 3094851 B2 JP3094851 B2 JP 3094851B2 JP 07170399 A JP07170399 A JP 07170399A JP 17039995 A JP17039995 A JP 17039995A JP 3094851 B2 JP3094851 B2 JP 3094851B2
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- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- reinforcing
- fiber
- reinforcing fiber
- woven fabric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、土木・建築用補強部材
に関し、とくに繊維強化プラスチック（以下、ＦＲＰと
も言う。）による道路橋の橋脚や桁、床版等の補強、鉄
筋コンクリート構造物の柱や壁の補強、建築用パネルの
補強等に用いて好適な土木・建築用補強部材に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reinforcing member for civil engineering and construction, and more particularly to reinforcing a pier, a girder, a floor slab, and the like of a road bridge with fiber reinforced plastic (hereinafter also referred to as FRP), and a column of a reinforced concrete structure. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a civil and architectural reinforcing member suitable for use in reinforcing concrete and walls, reinforcing building panels, and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ＦＲＰは、軽量でありながら優れた機械
的特性を有していることから、土木・建築用補強部材と
しても注目され始めている。中でも、比弾性率が大き
く、かつ、比強度が大きい炭素繊維を用いた炭素繊維強
化プラスチック（以下、ＣＦＲＰとも言う。）は、高い
機械的特性を示す。2. Description of the Related Art Since FRP has excellent mechanical properties while being lightweight, it has begun to attract attention as a reinforcing member for civil engineering and construction. Above all, carbon fiber reinforced plastics (hereinafter, also referred to as CFRP) using carbon fibers having a large specific elastic modulus and a large specific strength show high mechanical properties.
【０００３】たとえば、最近、道路橋等の橋脚や床版、
桁等が鉄筋の錆、鉄筋の疲労やコンクリートの中性化な
どによって老朽化し、問題となっている。その補強は、
通常、コンクリートや梁に鋼板を接着剤で貼り付けるこ
とによって行われているが、この作業は、梁で囲まれた
狭い空間内で行わなければならないことが多い。しか
し、鋼板は重くて、貼り付けにはクレーン車などの起重
機が必要となって繁雑であり、ときには、起重機を使用
できない箇所もある。また、コンクリート面は、必ずし
も平滑ではなく、凹凸面をなしている。したがって、鋼
板とコンクリートとの接着を完全に行わしめるために
は、接着剤層を厚くして、コンクリート面の凹凸の影響
をなくすることが必要で、非常に効率が悪かった。For example, recently, piers and floor slabs such as road bridges,
The girder is deteriorated due to rust of reinforcing steel, fatigue of reinforcing steel, carbonation of concrete, etc., which is a problem. The reinforcement is
Usually, a steel plate is attached to concrete or a beam with an adhesive, but this operation often needs to be performed in a narrow space surrounded by the beam. However, the steel plate is heavy and requires a hoist such as a crane truck for sticking, which is complicated, and sometimes the hoist cannot be used. Further, the concrete surface is not necessarily smooth but has an uneven surface. Therefore, in order to completely bond the steel plate and the concrete, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the adhesive layer so as to eliminate the influence of the irregularities on the concrete surface, which is very inefficient.
【０００４】これに対して、最近、道路橋の橋脚や床
版、桁等をＦＲＰ板で補強するＦＲＰ補強工法が、車の
通行を遮断することなく補強工事が可能となることから
注目されている。この方法は、コンクリート面に多少の
凹凸があっても、十分に補強されるように、コンクリー
ト面に直接樹脂を塗布したのち、たとえば、一方向性の
シート状繊維強化材に樹脂を含浸、硬化させて、繊維強
化プラスチック板を成形すると同時に、ＦＲＰ板をコン
クリートに接着させる、いわゆる、ハンドレイアップ成
形法で行われている。鋼板補強工法のように重量物運搬
の必要がないので作業効率が良く、現場でＦＲＰの成形
を行える。鉄筋コンクリート建築物の柱や壁の補強、さ
らには建築用パネルの補強についても、同様にＦＲＰ板
による補強方法が注目され始めている。On the other hand, recently, an FRP reinforcing method of reinforcing a pier, a floor slab, a girder, or the like of a road bridge with an FRP plate has been attracting attention because the reinforcing work can be performed without interrupting the traffic of cars. I have. In this method, the resin is applied directly to the concrete surface so that it is sufficiently reinforced even if the concrete surface has some irregularities, and then, for example, the resin is impregnated and cured in a unidirectional sheet-like fiber reinforced material. This is performed by a so-called hand lay-up molding method in which a fiber reinforced plastic plate is molded and, at the same time, an FRP plate is bonded to concrete. Unlike the steel plate reinforcement method, there is no need to transport heavy objects, so work efficiency is good and FRP can be formed on site. Similarly, as for the reinforcement of columns and walls of reinforced concrete buildings, and also the reinforcement of building panels, attention has been paid to the reinforcement method using FRP plates.
【０００５】このようなＦＲＰ補強部材は、通常、複数
層の強化繊維材に樹脂が含浸され、成形されたものに構
成されるが、成形前、成形時の取扱い易さ、型への沿わ
せ易さ、成形後のＦＲＰとして優れた特性が得られるこ
と等の面から、強化繊維材として織物の形態にした強化
繊維織物が多用されている。[0005] Such an FRP reinforcing member is usually formed by molding a plurality of layers of a reinforcing fiber material impregnated with a resin, and is easy to handle at the time of molding, at the time of molding, and conforms to the mold. A reinforced fiber woven fabric in the form of a woven fabric is frequently used as a reinforcing fiber material from the viewpoints of easiness and excellent properties as an FRP after molding.
【０００６】ところで、炭素繊維糸は、通常その繊度が
大きくなる程、プリカーサおよび耐炎化工程や焼成工程
での生産性が向上し、安価に製造することが可能とな
る。[0006] By the way, the higher the fineness of the carbon fiber yarn, the higher the productivity in the precursor and the flame-proofing step and the firing step, and the cheaper the carbon fiber yarn can be manufactured.
【０００７】しかし、通常の強化繊維織物は、強化繊維
をほぼ円形断面に集束させた強化繊維糸を用いて織物に
しているので、織り込まれた状態においては、たて糸と
よこ糸が交錯する交錯部における強化繊維糸の断面が楕
円形で、織糸が大きくクリンプしている。特に、太い強
化繊維糸を使用した強化繊維織物では、太いよこ糸と太
いたて糸が交錯しているのでこの傾向が大きくなる。However, a normal reinforcing fiber woven fabric is formed by using reinforcing fiber yarns obtained by bundling reinforcing fibers into a substantially circular cross section. Therefore, in a woven state, the warp yarns and the weft yarns intersect. The cross section of the reinforcing fiber yarn is elliptical, and the woven yarn is greatly crimped. In particular, in a reinforcing fiber woven fabric using a thick reinforcing fiber yarn, this tendency is increased because the thick weft yarn and the thick warp yarn are intersected.
【０００８】このため、強化繊維糸が大きくクリンプし
た強化繊維織物では、繊維密度が不均一となって高い機
械的な特性を充分に発揮できない。また、強化繊維糸が
大きくクリンプしていると、成形されたＦＲＰの表面平
滑性も良くない。土木・建築構造物においても、良好な
表面平滑性を要求する場合が多い。さらに、太い強化繊
維糸を使用した強化繊維織物は、一般に、織物目付や厚
みが大きくなるため、プリプレグやＦＲＰを成形すると
きの樹脂含浸性が悪くなる。For this reason, in a reinforced fiber woven fabric in which the reinforcing fiber yarns are crimped greatly, the fiber density becomes non-uniform and high mechanical properties cannot be sufficiently exhibited. Also, if the reinforcing fiber yarn is crimped greatly, the surface smoothness of the formed FRP is not good. In civil engineering and building structures, good surface smoothness is often required. Furthermore, a reinforced fiber woven fabric using a thick reinforced fiber yarn generally has a large fabric weight and thickness, so that resin impregnating property at the time of forming a prepreg or FRP is deteriorated.
【０００９】従って、太い強化繊維糸を製織した強化繊
維織物を用いて得られるＦＲＰやＣＦＲＰは、樹脂中に
存在するボイドが多くなり高い機械的特性が期待できな
い。Accordingly, FRP and CFRP obtained by using a reinforcing fiber woven fabric obtained by weaving thick reinforcing fiber yarns have a large number of voids in the resin, so that high mechanical properties cannot be expected.
【００１０】一方、太い強化繊維糸を使用して織物目付
を小さくすると、強化繊維糸間に形成される空隙が大き
くなる。このため、織物目付の小さい強化繊維織物を用
いてＦＲＰやＣＦＲＰを成形すると、強化繊維の体積含
有率が低くなり、強化繊維糸間に形成される空隙部分に
樹脂のボイドが集中的に発生し、高性能な複合材料が得
られなくなるという欠点があった。On the other hand, when the fabric weight is reduced by using a thick reinforcing fiber yarn, a void formed between the reinforcing fiber yarns increases. For this reason, when FRP or CFRP is formed using a reinforcing fiber woven fabric having a small fabric weight, the volume content of the reinforcing fiber decreases, and voids of the resin are intensively generated in voids formed between the reinforcing fiber yarns. However, there is a disadvantage that a high-performance composite material cannot be obtained.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、このような
現状に着目し、とくにＦＲＰを用いた土木・建築用補強
部材において、該部材を特定の強化繊維織物を用いたＦ
ＲＰを含む部材とすることにより、目標とする高い補強
効果を得るとともに、良好な表面平滑性を得ることを目
的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention focuses on such a current situation, and particularly, in a reinforcing member for civil and architectural use using FRP, the member is made of FRP using a specific reinforcing fiber fabric.
An object is to obtain a target high reinforcing effect and obtain good surface smoothness by using a member containing RP.
【００１２】[0012]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的に沿う本発明の
土木・建築用補強部材は、複数層の強化繊維材に熱硬化
性樹脂が含浸されてなる繊維強化プラスチックを含む土
木・建築用補強部材であって、少なくとも１層の強化繊
維材が、単糸の糸幅が３〜１６ｍｍ、糸幅／厚み比が２
０以上、破壊歪みエネルギーが４．０ｍｍ・ｋｇｆ／ｍ
ｍ 3 以上の扁平な炭素繊維糸からなる強化繊維糸をたて
糸とよこ糸の少なくとも一方とする強化繊維織物であっ
て、前記たて糸とよこ糸の少なくとも一方は織物の状態
で繊維が並行している扁平糸織物からなることを特徴と
するものからなる。According to the object of the present invention, there is provided a reinforcing member for civil and architectural construction according to the present invention, which is formed by thermosetting into a plurality of layers of reinforcing fiber material.
A civil and architectural reinforcing member containing a fiber reinforced plastic impregnated with a conductive resin, wherein at least one layer of the reinforcing fiber material has a single yarn having a yarn width of 3 to 16 mm and a yarn width / thickness ratio of 2
0 or more , the fracture strain energy is 4.0 mm · kgf / m
A reinforcing fiber woven reinforcing fiber yarns of at least one of the warp and weft consisting of m 3 or more flat carbon fiber yarn, flat yarn fibers are parallel in at least one of the woven state of the warp and weft It is made of a woven fabric.
【００１３】均一で高い補強効果を得るためには、ＦＲ
Ｐ中の強化繊維織物のカバーファクターは高い程好まし
く、８５％以上のカバーファクターをもつものが好まし
い。このような強化繊維織物が樹脂を含浸され、たとえ
ば無機質材の表面に接着され土木・建築用補強部材とさ
れる。In order to obtain a uniform and high reinforcing effect, FR
The cover factor of the reinforcing fiber woven fabric in P is preferably as high as possible, and preferably has a cover factor of 85% or more. Such a reinforcing fiber woven fabric is impregnated with a resin and adhered to, for example, the surface of an inorganic material to form a reinforcing member for civil engineering and construction.
【００１４】また、上記たて糸とよこ糸の少なくとも一
方を、上記扁平な強化繊維糸を複数積層した形態とする
こともできる。このようにすれば、目付の大きな織物が
可能となり、より繊維体積含有率の大きなＦＲＰの成形
が可能となる。Further, at least one of the warp yarn and the weft yarn may be formed by laminating a plurality of the flat reinforcing fiber yarns. In this manner, a woven fabric having a large basis weight can be formed, and FRP having a larger fiber volume content can be formed.
【００１５】また、強化繊維糸としては、本発明では炭
素繊維糸を用いるが、とくに、高弾性率、高強度の炭素
繊維糸が好ましい。そして、扁平な強化繊維糸は、通
常、マルチフィラメント糸の形態とされる。As the reinforcing fiber yarn, a carbon fiber yarn is used in the present invention, and a carbon fiber yarn having a high elastic modulus and a high strength is particularly preferable. The flat reinforcing fiber yarn is usually in the form of a multifilament yarn.
【００１６】このような扁平な強化繊維糸からなる織物
の織糸には、実質的に撚りがなく繊維が並行しているこ
とが必要である。ここで「実質的に撚りがない」とは、
糸長１ｍ当たりに１ターン以上の撚りがない状態をい
う。つまり、現実的に無撚の状態をいう。織物の状態で
実質的に撚りがないことが必要である。そのためには、
無撚の扁平な強化繊維糸のボビンを横取り解舒させ、解
舒撚りが入らないようにたて糸およびよこ糸供給を行っ
て織物にする。It is necessary that the woven yarn of the woven fabric composed of such flat reinforcing fiber yarns has substantially no twist and fibers are arranged in parallel. Here, "substantially no twist" means
A state in which there is no more than one turn of twist per 1 m of yarn length. That is, it is a state in which there is no twist. It is necessary that the fabric is substantially free of twist. for that purpose,
The untwisted flat reinforcing fiber yarn bobbin is intercepted and unwound, and the warp yarn and the weft yarn are supplied so as to prevent untwisting and twisting, thereby forming a woven fabric.
【００１７】織糸に撚りがあると、その撚りがある部分
で糸幅が狭く集束して分厚くなり、製織された織物の表
面に凹凸が発生する。このため、製織された織物は、外
力が作用した際にその撚り部分に応力が集中し、ＦＲＰ
等に成形した場合に機械的特性が不均一となってしま
う。When the woven yarn is twisted, the yarn width is narrowed and bundled at the twisted portion to increase the thickness, and irregularities are generated on the surface of the woven fabric. For this reason, in the woven fabric, when an external force acts, stress concentrates on the twisted portion, and the FRP
When formed into a uniform shape, the mechanical properties become non-uniform.
【００１８】扁平な強化繊維糸単糸の糸幅は３〜１６ｍ
ｍの範囲とされる。この範囲の糸幅が製織し易く、糸厚
みとの関係から、最適な扁平状態が得やすい。糸幅／糸
厚み比は、２０以上とされる。２０未満では、高いカバ
ーファクターを得ようとすると、織糸のクリンプを極小
に抑えることが難しくなる。The flat reinforcing fiber yarn single yarn has a yarn width of 3 to 16 m.
m. The yarn width in this range is easy to weave, and the optimum flat state is easily obtained from the relationship with the yarn thickness. The yarn width / yarn thickness ratio is set to 20 or more. If it is less than 20, it is difficult to minimize the crimp of the woven yarn in order to obtain a high cover factor.
【００１９】このような最適な扁平状態の、実質的に撚
りがない織糸からなる強化繊維織物は、織糸の繊度を大
きくしても、各織糸の交錯部におけるクリンプは極めて
小さく抑えられ、ＦＲＰやＣＦＲＰにした際に高い強度
特性が得られる。クリンプが小さいので、ＦＲＰやＣＦ
ＲＰにした際の表面平滑性が良く、所望の土木・建築用
補強部材の表面形態が容易に得られる。また、織糸の繊
度を上げられることから、織糸、ひいては強化繊維織物
は、より安価に製造される。In the reinforcing fiber woven fabric made of such an optimally flat and substantially untwisted woven yarn, the crimp at the intersection of each woven yarn can be suppressed to a very small value even if the fineness of the woven yarn is increased. When FRP or CFRP is used, high strength characteristics can be obtained. Since the crimp is small, FRP or CF
When RP is used, the surface smoothness is good, and a desired surface form of the civil engineering / architecture reinforcing member can be easily obtained. Further, since the fineness of the woven yarn can be increased, the woven yarn, and eventually the reinforced fiber woven fabric, can be manufactured at lower cost.
【００２０】また、クリンプが極めて小さく抑えられる
ので、織物目付を高く設定でき、かつ、織糸の扁平状態
を確保した状態にて前述のような高いカバーファクター
に設定することが可能となる。したがって、ＦＲＰにお
いて、繊維含有率を高く設定できるとともに、織糸間の
樹脂リッチな部分を極めて小さく抑えることができ、高
強度でかつ均一な機械的特性を有する複合材料が得られ
る。Further, since the crimp is suppressed to a very small value, the fabric weight can be set high, and the high cover factor can be set as described above while the flat state of the yarn is secured. Therefore, in the FRP, the fiber content can be set high, and the resin-rich portion between the yarns can be extremely small, so that a composite material having high strength and uniform mechanical properties can be obtained.
【００２１】さらに、織物の形態で各織糸が扁平な状態
に維持されているから、樹脂の含浸性が極めてよい。し
たがって、一層均一な特性の複合材料が得られ、目標と
する機械的特性が容易に得られる。Furthermore, since each yarn is maintained in a flat state in the form of a woven fabric, the impregnating property of the resin is extremely good. Therefore, a composite material having more uniform properties can be obtained, and the target mechanical properties can be easily obtained.
【００２２】ここで、カバーファクターＣｆ（％）と
は、織糸間に形成される空隙部の大きさに関係する要素
で、織物上に面積Ｓ1 の領域を設定したとき、面積Ｓ1
内において織糸に形成される空隙部の面積をＳ2 とする
と、次式で定義される値をいう。 カバーファクターＣｆ＝［（Ｓ1 −Ｓ2 ）／Ｓ1 ］×１
００Here, the cover factor Cf (%) is an element related to the size of the void formed between the yarns, and when a region having an area S 1 is set on the woven fabric, the area S 1
When the area of the void formed in the weaving yarn is S 2 , the value is defined by the following equation. Cover factor Cf = [(S 1 −S 2 ) / S 1 ] × 1
00
【００２３】本発明の強化繊維織物は、薄い扁平な強化
繊維糸からなるたて糸やよこ糸を用いている。従って、
目抜け度の小さな、すなわちカバーファクターが大きな
織物となる。このようなカバーファクターの大きな強化
繊維織物を用いてＦＲＰを成形すると、均一な成形品が
得られ、樹脂中にボイドが入ったり、応力が集中するよ
うな繊維分布むらが発生しない。The reinforcing fiber woven fabric of the present invention uses a warp or a weft made of thin flat reinforcing fiber yarns. Therefore,
The woven fabric has a small degree of eyesight, that is, a large cover factor. When the FRP is molded using such a reinforced fiber woven fabric having a large cover factor, a uniform molded product can be obtained, and voids do not occur in the resin and fiber distribution unevenness such as concentration of stress does not occur.
【００２４】なお、上記のような扁平糸自身の作成方法
としては、たとえば、強化繊維糸の製造工程において、
複数の強化繊維からなる繊維束をロール等で所定の幅に
拡げ、扁平な形状にしてそのまま保持するか、あるいは
元に戻らないようにサイジング剤等で形態を保持させれ
ばよい。とくに、扁平形状を良好に保持するためには、
扁平糸に０．１〜１．５重量％程度の小量のサイジング
剤を付着させておくことが好ましい。As a method for producing the flat yarn as described above, for example, in the production process of the reinforcing fiber yarn,
A fiber bundle composed of a plurality of reinforcing fibers may be spread to a predetermined width by a roll or the like, and may be held in a flat shape or may be held in a sizing agent or the like so as not to return to the original shape. In particular, to maintain the flat shape well,
It is preferable to attach a small amount of a sizing agent of about 0.1 to 1.5% by weight to the flat yarn.
【００２５】前記扁平な強化繊維をたて糸およびよこ糸
とする織物とする場合には、織物目付が１００〜３００
ｇ／ｍ2 であることが好ましい。また、扁平な強化繊維
糸をたて糸とよこ糸の少なくとも一方とする織物であっ
て、該たて糸とよこ糸の少なくとも一方が、扁平な強化
繊維糸が複数積層されてなる織物とする場合には、織物
目付が２００〜６００ｇ／ｍ2 であることが好ましい。
扁平な織糸であるため、このように複数積層した状態で
織成しても、クリンプは小さく抑えられる。そして、積
層により織物の繊維密度を高めることができる。In the case where the flat reinforcing fiber is used as a warp and weft woven fabric, the woven fabric weight is 100 to 300.
g / m 2 . Further, in the case of a woven fabric in which flat reinforcing fiber yarns are at least one of a warp yarn and a weft yarn, wherein at least one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns is a woven fabric in which a plurality of flat reinforcing fiber yarns are laminated, a woven fabric weight is used. Is preferably 200 to 600 g / m 2 .
Since it is a flat woven yarn, crimping can be suppressed to a small value even when woven in such a state that a plurality of layers are laminated. Then, the fiber density of the woven fabric can be increased by lamination.
【００２６】さらに、補助糸を用いた織物の形態とする
こともできる。補助糸としては、繊度が２，０００デニ
ール以下の細い繊維からなる扁平な織糸を使用すること
が好ましく、さらに好ましくは５０〜６００デニールで
ある。補助糸は、繊度が大きいとクリンプが大きくな
り、また、繊度が小さいと製織や取扱いに際して切断し
易い。この補助糸は、並行する扁平な織糸を一体に保持
することを目的に使用され、炭素繊維やガラス繊維など
の無機繊維、ポリアラミド繊維、ビニロン繊維、ポリエ
ステル繊維などの有機繊維が使用でき、種類に関しては
特に限定はない。Further, it may be in the form of a woven fabric using auxiliary yarns. As the auxiliary yarn, it is preferable to use a flat woven yarn composed of fine fibers having a fineness of 2,000 denier or less, and more preferably 50 to 600 denier. If the fineness of the auxiliary yarn is large, the crimp becomes large, and if the fineness is small, it is easy to cut in weaving and handling. This auxiliary yarn is used for the purpose of holding parallel flat woven yarns together, and inorganic fibers such as carbon fiber and glass fiber, and organic fibers such as polyaramid fiber, vinylon fiber and polyester fiber can be used. Is not particularly limited.
【００２７】ここで、織物の繊維密度とは、次式で定義
される値をいう。 織物の繊維密度（ｇ／ｍ3 ）＝［織物目付（ｇ／
ｍ2 ）］／［織物厚さ（ｍｍ）］ なお、織物目付（ｇ／ｍ2 ）および織物厚さ（ｍｍ）
は、それぞれＪＩＳ Ｒ７６０２に準拠して測定した値
である。Here, the fiber density of the woven fabric means a value defined by the following equation. Fiber density of fabric (g / m 3 ) = [weight of fabric (g / m 3 )
m 2 )] / [fabric thickness (mm)] The fabric weight (g / m 2 ) and the fabric thickness (mm)
Is a value measured according to JIS R7602.
【００２８】このような強化繊維織物からなる強化繊維
材が複数層積層され、樹脂が含浸されてＦＲＰに成形さ
れる。織物の積層構成としては特に限定されず、一方向
でも交差積層でもよい。ＦＲＰの成形は、現場で行うハ
ンドレイアップ法によってもよく、建築用パネル等予め
成形が可能なものについては、製品製造時に成形しても
よい。A plurality of layers of the reinforcing fiber material made of such a reinforcing fiber fabric are laminated, impregnated with a resin, and formed into an FRP. The lamination structure of the fabric is not particularly limited, and may be unidirectional or cross lamination. The FRP may be formed by a hand lay-up method performed on site, and may be formed at the time of manufacturing a product that can be formed in advance such as a building panel.
【００２９】強化繊維織物に使用する強化繊維糸が炭素
繊維糸の場合、使用する炭素繊維扁平糸の特性として、
引張弾性率が高く、破壊歪エネルギーが大きく、引張強
度（引張破断強度）が高いことが好ましい。引張弾性率
としては、２０×１０3 ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 以上であること
が好ましく、破壊歪エネルギーとしては、４．０ｍｍ・
ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ3 以上であることが好ましい。高弾性率と
することにより、高い補強効果が得られる。また、高破
壊歪エネルギーとすることにより、成形されるＦＲＰの
耐衝撃性が向上し、外部衝撃力や地震等による衝撃力が
加わった際にも高い耐衝撃性を発揮できる。炭素繊維糸
の引張強度としては、４５０ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 以上である
ことが好ましく、これによって、成形されるＦＲＰの強
度が確保される。When the reinforcing fiber yarn used for the reinforcing fiber woven fabric is a carbon fiber yarn, the properties of the carbon fiber flat yarn used include:
It is preferable that the tensile modulus is high, the breaking strain energy is high, and the tensile strength (tensile breaking strength) is high. The tensile modulus is preferably 20 × 10 3 kgf / mm 2 or more, and the breaking strain energy is 4.0 mm ·
It is preferably at least kgf / mm 3 . By having a high elastic modulus, a high reinforcing effect can be obtained. Further, by setting the high fracture strain energy, the impact resistance of the molded FRP is improved, and high impact resistance can be exhibited even when an external impact force or an impact force due to an earthquake or the like is applied. The tensile strength of the carbon fiber yarn is preferably 450 kgf / mm 2 or more, whereby the strength of the formed FRP is ensured.
【００３０】上記において、引張弾性率はＪＩＳ−Ｒ７
６０１に準拠して測定されるものである。破壊歪エネル
ギー（ｗ）は、ＪＩＳ−Ｒ７６０１に準拠して測定され
た引張強度をσ（ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 ）を、上記引張弾性率
をＥ（ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ2 ）としたとき、式、 ｗ＝σ2 ／２Ｅ で定義されるものである。In the above, the tensile modulus is JIS-R7
601 is measured. The breaking strain energy (w) is calculated by the following equation, where σ (kgf / mm 2 ) is the tensile strength measured in accordance with JIS-R7601 and E is the tensile modulus of elasticity (kgf / mm 2 ). σ 2 / 2E.
【００３１】上述のような強化繊維織物からなる強化繊
維材が複数層積層され、該強化繊維材に樹脂が含浸さ
れ、ＦＲＰからなる土木・建築用補強部材に成形され
る。土木・建築用補強部材は、このＦＲＰ自身のみから
構成されてもよく、このＦＲＰを用いた構成、例えば、
該ＦＲＰと他の部材の組合せ構成や積層構成、さらに
は、該ＦＲＰが芯材の両面に設けられたサンドイッチ構
造材に構成されていてもよい。サンドイッチ構造材とす
る場合には、その芯材には、例えば、発泡体（例えば、
発泡プラスチック）またはハニカム構造体からなる芯材
を用いることもできる。A plurality of layers of the reinforcing fiber material made of the above-described reinforcing fiber fabric are laminated, and the reinforcing fiber material is impregnated with a resin, and molded into a civil engineering / architecture reinforcing member made of FRP. The reinforcing member for civil engineering / architecture may be constituted only by the FRP itself, and a constitution using the FRP, for example,
The FRP and other members may be combined or laminated, or the FRP may be formed as a sandwich structural material provided on both sides of a core material. When a sandwich structure material is used, for example, a foam (for example,
A core material made of a foamed plastic) or a honeycomb structure can also be used.
【００３２】なお、本発明に係るＦＲＰ成形に使用する
マトリクス樹脂としては、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエ
ステル樹脂、ビニルエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、フ
ェノール樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂が挙げられる。これらの
熱硬化性樹脂は、織物に含浸された状態ではＢステージ
である。 The matrix resin used in the FRP molding according to the present invention includes thermosetting resins such as epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, polyimide resin and phenol resin. These thermosetting resins, in the state impregnated in the fabric Ru Ah in B stage.
【００３３】本発明に係る土木・建築用補強部材におい
ては、そのＦＲＰ成形に用いられる強化繊維織物を特定
の扁平糸織物としたので、軽量化は勿論のこと、表面平
滑性に優れ、かつ、機械的特性、とくに高弾性率で高耐
衝撃性を有する部材を実現できる。したがって、このよ
うな優れた特性を有する補強部材は、各種の土木構造物
や建築物、資材、パネル等の補強に適用できる。In the civil engineering / architectural reinforcing member according to the present invention, the reinforcing fiber woven fabric used for the FRP molding is a specific flat yarn woven fabric. A member having high mechanical properties, especially high elastic modulus and high impact resistance can be realized. Therefore, the reinforcing member having such excellent characteristics can be applied to reinforcing various civil engineering structures, buildings, materials, panels, and the like.
【００３４】[0034]
【実施例】以下に、本発明に係る土木・建築用補強部材
について、図面を参照して各々具体的に説明する。図１
ないし図３は道路橋の補強について示している。図１に
おいて、１は道路橋を示しており、該道路橋１は、鉄筋
コンクリートからなる橋脚２、桁３、床版４を有してい
る。これら橋脚２、桁３、床版４は、全てＦＲＰによる
補強の対象となる。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a reinforcing member for civil engineering and construction according to the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 3 shows reinforcement of a road bridge. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a road bridge. The road bridge 1 has a pier 2, a girder 3, and a floor slab 4 made of reinforced concrete. These piers 2, girders 3, and floor slabs 4 are all subject to FRP reinforcement.
【００３５】たとえば橋脚２は、図２に示すように、本
発明に係る扁平糸織物５を含むＦＲＰ６を、橋脚２を巻
くように設けることにより補強される。この織物５は、
樹脂を含浸しながら巻く、あるいは貼る方法、樹脂を含
浸しておいて巻く、あるいは貼る方法のいずれでもよ
く、さらに、先にプリプレグの状態にしておきそのプリ
プレグを巻く、あるいは貼る方法でもよい。For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the pier 2 is reinforced by providing an FRP 6 including the flat yarn woven fabric 5 according to the present invention so as to wind the pier 2. This fabric 5 is
Any of a method of winding or sticking while impregnating the resin, a method of winding or sticking after impregnating the resin, and a method of first putting the prepreg in a prepreg state and winding or sticking the prepreg may be used.
【００３６】また、床版４は、たとえば図３に示すよう
に、その裏面に本発明に係るＦＲＰ７を帯状かつ格子状
に接着することにより補強される。格子状にしておくこ
とにより、水抜け等を確保できる。As shown in FIG. 3, the floor slab 4 is reinforced by bonding the FRP 7 according to the present invention to the back surface of the floor slab in a strip and grid pattern. By making the shape of a lattice, drainage or the like can be secured.
【００３７】このような補強においては、軽量で取り扱
い易い部材としつつ、カバーファクターの高い織物を含
むため高い機械的特性を発揮できるとともに、外部から
の衝撃力や地震等による衝撃に対し優れた耐衝撃性を発
揮でき、優れた補強効果が得られる。In such a reinforcement, while being a lightweight and easy-to-handle member, it can exhibit high mechanical properties due to the inclusion of a woven fabric having a high cover factor, and has excellent resistance to external impact and shocks due to earthquakes and the like. It can exhibit impact properties and provide an excellent reinforcing effect.
【００３８】図４は、たとえば建築物の外壁等に用いら
れるパネル部材１０を示している。図において、１１は
セメントやコンクリート、あるいは鉄筋コンクリートか
らなる芯材を示しており、芯材１１の片面又は両面に本
発明に係る扁平織物１２を含むＦＲＰ１３が設けられて
いる。このように、建築用パネル等においても、本発明
に係る補強部材により優れた補強効果を得ることができ
る。また、本発明に係るＦＲＰでは、良好な表面平滑性
も得られるので、外壁等として見栄えの良いものが得ら
れる。FIG. 4 shows a panel member 10 used for an outer wall of a building, for example. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a core material made of cement, concrete, or reinforced concrete, and an FRP 13 including the flat fabric 12 according to the present invention is provided on one or both surfaces of the core material 11. As described above, even in a building panel or the like, an excellent reinforcing effect can be obtained by the reinforcing member according to the present invention. Further, in the FRP according to the present invention, since good surface smoothness is also obtained, a good-looking outer wall or the like is obtained.
【００３９】本発明の土木・建築用補強部材は、上述し
た例に限らず、あらゆる土木構造物や建築物の補強に使
用でき、上記したような優れた効果が得られる。The civil and architectural reinforcing member of the present invention is not limited to the above-described example, and can be used for reinforcing any civil engineering structure or building, and the above-described excellent effects can be obtained.
【００４０】[0040]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の土木・建
築用補強部材によるときは、特定の扁平糸織物を用いて
成形したＦＲＰを含む構成としたので、軽量化、高強度
化を達成しつつ、特に良好な表面平滑性および高い耐衝
撃性を得ることができ、優れた補強効果を得ることがで
きる。As described above, when the reinforcing member for civil and architectural use of the present invention is used, the structure includes the FRP formed by using a specific flat yarn woven fabric, so that the weight reduction and the high strength are achieved. In addition, particularly good surface smoothness and high impact resistance can be obtained, and an excellent reinforcing effect can be obtained.
【図１】本発明の土木・建築用補強部材の適用対象箇所
を示す道路橋の部分側面図である。FIG. 1 is a partial side view of a road bridge showing a target area to which a civil engineering / architecture reinforcing member of the present invention is applied.
【図２】図１の道路橋の橋脚補強の様子を示す斜視図で
ある。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state of reinforcing a pier of the road bridge of FIG. 1;
【図３】図１の道路橋の床版補強の様子を示す斜視図で
ある。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state of floor slab reinforcement of the road bridge of FIG. 1;
【図４】本発明に係る土木・建築用補強部材としての建
築用パネルの斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a building panel as a civil engineering / building reinforcing member according to the present invention.
１ 道路橋 ２ 橋脚 ３ 桁 ４ 床版 ５ 扁平糸織物 ６ ＦＲＰ ７ ＦＲＰ １０ 建築用パネル １１ 芯材 １２ 扁平糸織物 １３ ＦＲＰ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Road bridge 2 Pier 3 Girder 4 Floor slab 5 Flat yarn fabric 6 FRP 7 FRP 10 Building panel 11 Core material 12 Flat yarn fabric 13 FRP
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｅ０４Ｇ 23/02 Ｂ２９Ｃ 67/14 Ｘ (56)参考文献 特開 平６−206223（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−118988（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−300739（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭58−191244（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) D03D 1/00 - 27/18 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI E04G 23/02 B29C 67/14 X (56) References JP-A-6-206223 (JP, A) JP-A-7-118988 ( JP, A) JP-A-7-300739 (JP, A) JP-A-58-191244 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) D03D 1/00-27/18
Claims (7)
浸されてなる繊維強化プラスチックを含む土木・建築用
補強部材であって、少なくとも１層の強化繊維材が、単
糸の糸幅が３〜１６ｍｍ、糸幅／厚み比が２０以上、破
壊歪みエネルギーが４．０ｍｍ・ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ 3 以上の
扁平な炭素繊維糸からなる強化繊維糸をたて糸とよこ糸
の少なくとも一方とする強化繊維織物であって、前記た
て糸とよこ糸の少なくとも一方は織物の状態で繊維が並
行している扁平糸織物からなることを特徴とする土木・
建築用補強部材。1. A reinforcing member for civil engineering and construction containing a fiber-reinforced plastic obtained by impregnating a thermosetting resin into a plurality of layers of a reinforcing fiber material, wherein at least one layer of the reinforcing fiber material has a single yarn width. Is 3 to 16 mm, the yarn width / thickness ratio is 20 or more ,
A reinforcing fiber woven fabric in which a reinforcing fiber yarn made of a flat carbon fiber yarn having a breaking strain energy of 4.0 mm · kgf / mm 3 or more is at least one of a warp yarn and a weft yarn, wherein at least one of the warp yarn and the weft yarn is a woven fabric. Civil engineering characterized by consisting of flat yarn woven fabric with fibers in parallel in the state
Building reinforcement.
８５％以上である、請求項１の土木・建築用補強部材。2. The reinforcing member for civil engineering and construction according to claim 1, wherein a cover factor of the reinforcing fiber fabric is 85% or more.
され、無機質材の表面に接着されている、請求項１また
は２の土木・建築用補強部材。3. The reinforcing member for civil engineering and construction according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fiber fabric is impregnated with a thermosetting resin and is adhered to a surface of an inorganic material.
前記扁平な強化繊維糸が複数積層されてなる、請求項１
ないし３のいずれかに記載の土木・建築用補強部材。4. The at least one of the warp yarn and the weft yarn is formed by laminating a plurality of the flat reinforcing fiber yarns.
4. The reinforcing member for civil engineering or construction according to any one of the above-mentioned items.
０ 3 ｋｇｆ／ｍｍ 2 以上である、請求項１ないし４のい
ずれかに記載の土木・建築用補強部材。 5. The carbon fiber yarn has a tensile modulus of 20 × 1.
5. The method according to claim 1, which is at least 0 3 kgf / mm 2.
Civil and architectural reinforcement members described in any of the above .
ｍｍ 2 以上である、請求項１ないし５のいずれかに記載
の土木・建築用補強部材。 6. The carbon fiber yarn has a strength of 450 kgf /
The size of any one of claims 1 to 5, which is not less than mm 2.
Of civil engineering and construction.
る、請求項１ないし６のいずれかに記載の土木・建築用
補強部材。7. fabric basis weight is 100 to 600 / m 2 der
The civil and architectural reinforcing member according to any one of claims 1 to 6 .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07170399A JP3094851B2 (en) | 1995-06-13 | 1995-06-13 | Civil and architectural reinforcement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07170399A JP3094851B2 (en) | 1995-06-13 | 1995-06-13 | Civil and architectural reinforcement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08337942A JPH08337942A (en) | 1996-12-24 |
| JP3094851B2 true JP3094851B2 (en) | 2000-10-03 |
Family
ID=15904213
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07170399A Expired - Lifetime JP3094851B2 (en) | 1995-06-13 | 1995-06-13 | Civil and architectural reinforcement |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3094851B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4262461B2 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2009-05-13 | 倉敷紡績株式会社 | Nonwoven fabric for reinforcement and reinforcement method |
| WO2004014648A2 (en) * | 2002-08-12 | 2004-02-19 | Saltech Inc. | Composite structural member |
| JP2007040025A (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2007-02-15 | Shimizu Corp | Reinforcing structure of structural body |
| US7600539B2 (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2009-10-13 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc | Low profile textile wire bundler sleeve |
| JP5072703B2 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2012-11-14 | 一典 藤掛 | Method for reinforcing concrete member and concrete member reinforced by the method |
| JP5435325B2 (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2014-03-05 | 東急建設株式会社 | Reinforcing sheet winding device and method for reinforcing concrete structure |
| KR101306040B1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-09-09 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Seismic retrofit system for rc column |
-
1995
- 1995-06-13 JP JP07170399A patent/JP3094851B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08337942A (en) | 1996-12-24 |
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